Belt protection device and method for TBM slag discharge based on adverse geological section

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on adverse geology section TBM slag belt protection device and method, to solve the large piece slag stone that TBM is easy to cause split damage to continuous belt when driving in adverse geology section, leading to TBM shutdown, the technical problem of construction cycle lag;The device includes support frame, filter component and drive component;The filter component includes grid mesh and guide plate, the drive component includes driving motor and stone crusher, the driving motor is drivingly connected with the stone crusher and is correspondingly installed on the support frame, the guide plate is correspondingly installed on one side of the support frame, one end of the grid mesh is lapped on the guide plate, and the other end is installed in the feed inlet end of the stone crusher;The service life of continuous belt is greatly improved, the cost of replacing, maintaining continuous belt and the problem of construction cycle extension caused by TBM shutdown are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of TBM equipment, and particularly relates to a belt protection device and method for TBM slag discharge based on a poor geological section. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the vigorous development of economic construction, the development of ground space has become mature, and the development and utilization of underground space is in a stage of rapid development. The excavation of underground tunnels is an important part of underground space construction. A full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a mechanical construction equipment used for full-face excavation of underground engineering. It has the advantages of high construction efficiency, safety and reliability, and high construction quality. According to engineering practice experience, when the length-to-diameter ratio of the tunnel is greater than 600, TBM is used for tunnel construction, which is economical. Therefore, TBM is used more and more widely at home and abroad.

[0003] In most cases, tunnel construction faces complex geological conditions. When the TBM passes through the poor geological area, the TBM cutterhead torque increases, and the slag discharge is extremely unstable. A large amount of stones are often stuck in the slag discharge belt conveyor, which can easily damage the TBM slag discharge system, cause abnormal damage, and have great safety risks. At the same time, the TBM tunnel construction belt inside the hole is mainly divided into three main slag conveying belts, including the main machine belt, the rear supporting belt, and the continuous belt. The continuous belt is connected as the tunnel excavation length increases. The slag needs to be transferred between different conveying belts, and the large stones are easily damaged when passing through the slag discharge port, which reduces the service life of the continuous belt. After the continuous belt is damaged, the TBM needs to be stopped for repair, and the repair time is usually about eight hours, which seriously affects the construction progress and efficiency.

[0004] The information disclosed in this BACKGROUND section is only for the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the background of the present disclosure and should not be taken as admitting that such information is prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a belt protection device and method for TBM slag discharge based on a poor geological section. The size of the slag is screened. The slag smaller than the size of the grid mesh gap falls directly onto the continuous belt, and the slag larger than the size of the grid mesh gap is conveyed to the stone crusher and falls onto the continuous belt after being crushed.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a belt protection device for TBM slag discharge in poor geological sections is provided, comprising a support frame, a filtering assembly and a driving assembly; the filtering assembly comprises a grid mesh and a guide plate, and the driving assembly comprises a driving motor and a rock breaker, the driving motor is in transmission connection with the rock breaker and is correspondingly installed on the support frame, the guide plate is correspondingly installed on one side of the support frame, and one end of the grid mesh is lapped on the guide plate and the other end is installed on the feed inlet end of the rock breaker.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, corresponding belt pulleys are arranged at the power output end of the driving motor and the power input end of the rock breaker, and a transmission belt is arranged between the two belt pulleys.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a sliding rail / slot is arranged on the support frame, and the driving motor is fixed in the sliding rail / slot, and the fixed position of the driving motor in the sliding rail / slot is changed to adjust the tension of the transmission belt.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a vibrator is arranged on the grid mesh.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a reinforcing rib is arranged on the support frame to enhance the structural stability thereof.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a buffer spring is arranged between the guide plate and the grid mesh.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a rubber pad is arranged between the rock breaker and the support frame to reduce the influence of the running vibration of the rock breaker on the support frame.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the rock breaker is an eccentric crusher.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a belt protection method for TBM slag discharge in poor geological sections is provided, which is implemented based on the above belt protection device and comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1, when the TBM is excavating, the cutter head rotates, the rolling cutter cuts into the rock, the rock slag falls into the bottom of the hole under gravity, the slag is scooped up by the bucket and enters the main machine belt machine slag collecting hopper;

[0016] S2, the slag in the main machine belt machine slag collecting hopper falls onto the main machine belt machine, and the slag is transmitted to the tail of the main machine belt machine by the main machine belt machine;

[0017] S3, the slag in the tail of the main machine belt machine falls into the rear supporting belt machine slag collecting hopper, and after buffering, the slag falls onto the rear supporting belt machine, and the slag is driven by the rear supporting belt machine to enter the switching device for multi-stage belt slag conveying arranged at the tail thereof;

[0018] S4, the slag falls onto the grid mesh. Slag larger than the gaps between the grid mesh rolls down into the crusher for crushing. The crushed slag falls onto the continuous belt conveyor at the bottom. Slag smaller than the gaps between the grid mesh falls directly onto the continuous belt conveyor located directly below the grid mesh.

[0019] S5, the slag and rock are transported to the outside of the tunnel by a continuous belt conveyor.

[0020] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least one of the following technical effects or advantages:

[0021] A filter assembly is installed at the slag outlet of the rear-mounted belt conveyor. The slag of different particle sizes is screened by a grating mesh, so that small pieces of slag fall directly onto the continuous belt, while large pieces of slag are conveyed by the grating mesh to the crusher for crushing before falling onto the continuous belt. This effectively solves the technical problem of large pieces of slag falling directly onto the continuous belt conveyor and causing damage to the conveyor belt during tunneling in adverse geological conditions. At the same time, a pneumatic vibrator is added to the bottom of the grating mesh to accelerate the falling of slag and its entry into the crusher, thereby improving the service life of the continuous belt and the construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in an adverse geological section according to one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a filtering component in one embodiment of this application.

[0024] Fig. 3 This is a reference diagram showing the usage status of a belt protection device for TBM slag discharge in an adverse geological section according to one embodiment of this application.

[0025] In the above figures, 1. Support frame; 11. Reinforcing rib; 12. Slide groove; 2. Filter assembly; 21. Guide plate; 22. Grating mesh; 23. Pneumatic vibrator; 24. Buffer spring; 3. Drive assembly; 31. Drive motor; 32. Crusher; 33. Conveyor belt; 4. Rear belt conveyor; 5. Continuous belt; 6. Rear trailer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. And the terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages).

[0027] This application provides a belt protection device and method for TBM muck discharge in adverse geological sections, which solves the technical problems of existing TBMs easily damaging and tearing continuous belts when large-diameter slag is generated during tunneling in adverse geological sections, reducing the service life of continuous belts; at the same time, TBM downtime causes delays in the construction cycle and increases various costs.

[0028] The technical solution in this application embodiment is to solve the problem of easy damage to continuous belts, and the general idea is as follows:

[0029] A belt conveyor protection device is provided, comprising a support frame, a drive motor mounted on the support frame, a crusher, a guide plate, and a grid screen. The drive motor is connected to the crusher via a conveyor belt. The guide plate is fixedly connected to the support frame. One end of the grid screen overlaps the guide plate, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inlet of the crusher. The crushed stone discharged from the outlet falls onto the grid screen. Small stones smaller than the gaps in the grid screen fall directly onto the continuous belt conveyor located directly below. Stones larger than the gaps in the grid screen enter the crusher along the grid screen for crushing. To prevent the crushed stone from accumulating or clogging on the grid screen, a vibrator is installed at the bottom of the grid screen. The vibration accelerates the falling of small stones and simultaneously accelerates the movement of large stones towards the crusher. The bottom outlet of the crusher corresponds directly to the continuous belt conveyor so that the crushed stones fall onto the continuous belt conveyor.

[0030] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This example discloses a belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figs. 1-3 It includes a support frame 1, a filter assembly 2, and a drive assembly 3.

[0033] The support frame 1 is used to install and fix the filter assembly 2 and the drive assembly 3. The support frame 1 is welded and assembled from H200 steel. To avoid interference between the steel and the rock wall, the bottom of the support frame 1 adopts a beam-bridge structure. The support frame 1 is provided with several reinforcing ribs 11 to ensure the stability of the support frame 1 structure. During the installation and use of the support frame 1, the support frame 1 is installed on the bottom crossbeam of the TBM rear trailer 6, and the main beam of the rear trailer 6 is used as one of the columns of the support frame 1, which saves steel and increases the stability of the support frame 1.

[0034] The filter assembly 2 includes a grid mesh 22 and a guide plate 21; see also Fig. 2 The guide plate 21 is welded to one side of the support frame 1 to support the grid mesh 22 and prevent slag from falling off the side of the grid mesh 22. One end of the grid mesh 22 overlaps the guide plate 21, and the other end is rotatably connected to the crusher 32. Four buffer springs 24 and shims are installed at the overlap position between the grid mesh 22 and the guide plate 21 to buffer large pieces of slag falling onto the grid mesh 22. During use, the overlap end of the grid mesh 22 and the guide plate 21 is located below the slag outlet of the rear belt conveyor 4 so that the slag at the slag outlet falls directly onto the grid mesh 22. The grid mesh 22 and the crusher... The rotating connection end 32 corresponds to the feed inlet of the crusher 32, so that large-diameter slag can roll directly into the crusher 32 along the grid screen 22. The grid screen 22 is used to screen the size of the slag particles discharged from the slag outlet. The grid screen 22 is mainly composed of 7 Φ42mm round steel bars spaced 25cm apart. Slag smaller than the gaps between the grid screen 22 falls directly onto the continuous belt 5 located directly below. Slag larger than the gaps between the grid screen 22 rolls into the crusher 32, is crushed, and falls into the continuous belt 5. The grid screen 22 screens the slag to prevent large-diameter slag from falling directly onto the continuous belt 5 and causing it to be cut and damaged. A pneumatic vibrator 23 is installed at the bottom of the grating mesh 22. This serves two purposes: first, to accelerate the falling of small stones from the grating mesh 22; and second, to vibrate the grating mesh 22, causing larger stones to move towards the crusher 32. A switch for the pneumatic vibrator 23 and a power switch for the crusher 32 are installed at the rotatable connection between the grating mesh 22 and the crusher 32. When the grating mesh 22 rotates down, both switches open simultaneously, and the pneumatic vibrator 23 and the drive motor 31 operate simultaneously. When the grating mesh 22 rotates up, both switches close simultaneously, and the pneumatic vibrator 23 and the drive motor 31 stop simultaneously.

[0035] The drive mechanism includes a drive motor 31 and a crusher 32. The drive motor 31 and the crusher 32 are respectively mounted on the support frame 1. The output end of the drive motor 31 and the input end of the crusher 32 are respectively provided with pulleys, and a transmission belt is provided between the two pulleys. The drive motor 31 drives the crusher 32 to work. The support frame 1 is provided with a sliding groove 12. The bottom of the drive motor 31 is fixed in the sliding groove 12 on the support frame 1 by bolts and nuts. By changing the different fixed positions of the drive motor 31 in the sliding groove 12, the tension of the transmission belt 33 between the drive motor 31 and the crusher 32 can be adjusted. A rubber pad is provided at the connection between the crusher 32 and the support frame 1 to reduce the impact of the crusher 32's operating vibration on the support frame 1. The crusher 32 is a jaw crusher, and its working principle will not be discussed in detail here.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] This example discloses a belt conveyor protection method for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections, implemented based on the aforementioned belt conveyor protection device, including the following steps:

[0038] The rock-breaking mechanism of the disc cutter is as follows: Under the action of thrust, the disc cutter mounted on the cutter head presses tightly against the rock surface. As the cutter head rotates, the cutter revolves around the central axis of the cutter head while rotating on its own axis. Under the strong thrust and torque of the cutter head, the cutter rolls on the concentric circular cuts fixed on the tunnel face. When the thrust exceeds the compressive strength of the rock, the rock under the cutter is directly fractured and penetrated. The tunnel face is squeezed and fractured by the cutter to form multiple concentric circular grooves. As the grooves deepen, the cracks on the rock surface deepen and expand. When the shear and tensile strength of the rock is exceeded, the rock between adjacent concentric circular grooves peels off in pieces.

[0039] S1, the TBM tunneling machine's support shoes tighten the tunnel wall to withstand the reaction force and torque transmitted by the cutterhead during excavation. The cutterhead rotates, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder pushes the cutterhead, causing the roller cutters to cut into the rock. The cutters roll in concentric circles on the rock surface to break the rock. The rock debris falls to the bottom of the tunnel by its own weight and is scooped up by the bucket (a scraper consisting of blades). It rotates to the top of the tunnel and falls into the conical muck collection bucket by its own weight through the muck chute.

[0040] S2, the slag in the slag collection hopper of the main conveyor belt falls onto the main conveyor belt, and the main conveyor belt drives the slag to be transported to the tail of the main conveyor belt.

[0041] S3, the slag at the tail of the main conveyor belt falls into the slag collection hopper of the rear conveyor belt 4. After being buffered, the slag falls onto the rear conveyor belt 4, which then drives the slag into the transfer device for multi-stage belt conveying of slag at its tail.

[0042] S4, the operator discovers large pieces of slag in the slag discharge through the monitoring system. After informing the staff via walkie-talkie, the staff rotates and lowers the grid mesh 22, and at the same time, the power to the pneumatic vibrator 23 and the stone crusher 32 is turned on.

[0043] S5, wait for the large slag stones to be conveyed to the slag outlet of the matching belt conveyor 4. The large slag stones fall freely into the grid mesh 22, while the small-diameter slag stones fall directly onto the continuous belt 5 set directly below the grid mesh 22, and are discharged by the continuous belt 5.

[0044] S6, large-diameter slag and stone are rapidly entered into the crusher 32 under the vibration of the pneumatic vibrator 23, and are crushed and fall onto the continuous belt 5 below.

[0045] S7, the TBM excavates muck evenly with no large-diameter slag, and the grid mesh 22 is retracted, while the pneumatic vibrator 23 and the stone crusher 32 stop working simultaneously.

[0046] S8 breaks up large pieces of slag and drops them onto a continuous conveyor belt to the slag transfer tower outside the tunnel (raising the height of the conveyor belt and changing the direction of slag discharge to provide a height difference for the next conveyor belt). It then transfers the slag to the No. 2 conveyor belt outside the tunnel, which in turn transfers it to the No. 1 conveyor belt outside the tunnel, thus reaching the slag yard, forming a continuous tunneling and slag discharge process (the entire conveying process uses supports and redirecting rollers of different heights to adjust the height of the conveyor belt, thereby creating a height difference between the tail of the current conveyor belt and the head of the next conveyor belt). At the same time, slag collection buckets are installed between each level of conveyor belt to collect the slag. Large rocks that hit the front panel of the slag collection bucket fall onto the conveyor belt, which acts as a buffer.

[0047] Although some preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0048] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections, characterized in that, The system includes a support frame, a filter assembly, and a drive assembly. The support frame has a beam-bridge structure at its bottom. The filter assembly includes a grid mesh and a guide plate. The drive assembly includes a drive motor and a crusher. The drive motor is connected to the crusher and is mounted on the support frame. The guide plate is mounted on one side of the support frame. One end of the grid mesh overlaps the guide plate, and the other end is mounted on the feed inlet of the crusher and rotatably connected to it. A pneumatic vibrator is installed at the bottom of the grid mesh. A pneumatic vibrator switch and a crusher power switch are located at the rotatable connection between the grid mesh and the crusher. When the grid mesh rotates down, both switches are turned on simultaneously, and the pneumatic vibrator and the drive motor operate simultaneously. When the grid mesh rotates up, both switches are turned off simultaneously, and the pneumatic vibrator and the drive motor stop simultaneously.

2. The belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor's power output end and the crusher's power input end are respectively provided with corresponding pulleys, and a transmission belt is provided between the two pulleys.

3. The belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support frame is provided with a slide rail / groove, and the drive motor is fixed in the slide rail / groove. Changing the fixed position of the drive motor in the slide rail / groove can adjust the tension of the transmission belt.

4. The belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is equipped with reinforcing ribs to enhance its structural stability.

5. The belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, A buffer spring is provided between the guide plate and the grid mesh.

6. The belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rubber pad is provided between the crusher and the support frame to reduce the impact of crusher vibration on the support.

7. The belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stone crusher is a jaw crusher.

8. A method for removing slag from a TBM in an unfavorable geological section, characterized in that, The implementation based on the belt conveyor protection device for TBM slag discharge in adverse geological sections as described in claim 1 includes the following steps: S1, When the TBM is tunneling, the cutterhead rotates and the roller cutter cuts into the rock. The rock debris falls to the bottom of the tunnel under its own weight and is scooped up by the bucket and enters the muck collection bucket of the main unit's belt conveyor. S2, the slag in the slag collection hopper of the main conveyor belt falls onto the main conveyor belt, and the main conveyor belt drives the slag to be transported to the tail of the main conveyor belt. S3, the slag at the tail of the main conveyor belt falls into the slag collection hopper of the supporting conveyor belt. After being buffered, the slag falls onto the supporting conveyor belt, which then drives the slag into the transfer device for multi-stage belt conveying of slag at its tail. S4, the slag falls onto the grid mesh. Slag larger than the gaps between the grid mesh rolls down into the crusher for crushing. The crushed slag falls onto the continuous belt conveyor at the bottom. Slag smaller than the gaps between the grid mesh falls directly onto the continuous belt conveyor located directly below the grid mesh. S5, the slag and rock are transported to the outside of the tunnel by a continuous belt conveyor.

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