A simulation test system and method for measuring the leakage rate of a containment in a nuclear power plant

Abstract

The present invention provides a simulation test system and method for measuring the leakage rate of a containment vessel in a nuclear power plant. The system includes: a containment vessel simulator, a filling and discharging system, a pressure relief system, a data acquisition system, a control system, and a data analysis system. The filling and discharging system is used to fill / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment vessel simulator. The pressure relief system is used to relieve the pressure of the containment vessel simulator. The data acquisition system is used to collect the parameters of the gas inside the containment vessel simulator, or collect the gas inside the containment vessel simulator, as well as the parameters of filling / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment vessel simulator. The control system is used to adjust the flow rate of the filling and discharging system according to the collected data, so that the pressure inside the containment vessel simulator reaches or maintains a preset pressure. The data analysis system is used to determine the leakage rate of the containment vessel simulator according to the collected data. The present invention can simulate the entire process of the sealing test of the inner containment vessel and the outer containment vessel by using the pressure drop method and the constant pressure method, and improve the professional level and skill maturity of the test personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear engineering, and particularly to a nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement simulation test system and method. Background Art

[0002] The containment is the last physical barrier for nuclear power safety. As an important nuclear-grade equipment, the installation quality of the containment is a major matter related to nuclear power safety and public safety. During the construction of a nuclear power plant, the overall test of the containment, i.e., the containment pressure test, as an inspection of the construction quality of the containment, has always been the top priority of the nuclear power plant construction unit and the nuclear safety supervision department. During the operation of a nuclear power plant, regularly reporting the estimated value of the containment leakage rate to the supervision department is a key daily task of the nuclear power plant operator, and the regular test of the containment sealability is also an important indicator affecting the operation status and overall life of the nuclear power plant.

[0003] Therefore, the rigor of the overall test process of the containment, the accuracy of the test results, and the effectiveness of data analysis are important indicators to ensure the safe and stable operation of a nuclear power plant. Among them, the containment sealability is an important indicator to measure the installation quality of the containment. However, looking across the country, no unit has a simulation platform dedicated to carrying out containment sealability test practice, operation training, and practical learning.

[0004] Moreover, it takes more than one week to perform a containment sealability test in a nuclear power plant. Such a long test time brings great economic losses to the nuclear power plant. At the same time, the high-pressure test is a kind of damage to the containment shell structure. Therefore, the nuclear power plant will not allow any work that affects the construction period and is unnecessary to be carried out on the actual containment. On the other hand, due to the importance of the containment sealability test in a nuclear power plant, the nuclear power plant has extremely high requirements for the smooth progress of the containment sealability test, and also has extremely high expectations for the technical maturity of the test personnel and the test technology.

[0005] However, even if the nuclear power plant operator and the nuclear power design unit have some ideas about the containment sealability test, it is difficult to test the effect through practice; this also makes it difficult to achieve the expectations of the nuclear power plant operator such as shortening the containment sealability test time and quickly improving the test maturity, and also makes the domestic nuclear power plant containment sealability test technology obsolete and stagnant for many years. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement simulation test system dedicated to carrying out simulation operation, theoretical learning, practical training, and optimized testing of the nuclear power plant containment sealability test in view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, and also to provide a method for carrying out a nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement simulation test using this system.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention provides a simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment, including: a containment simulator, a charging and discharging system, a pressure relief system, a data acquisition system, a control system, and a data analysis system.

[0009] The charging and discharging system is connected to the containment simulator and is used to charge / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator.

[0010] The pressure relief system is connected between the containment simulator and the atmospheric environment and is used to adjust the pressure of the containment simulator to restore it to atmospheric pressure.

[0011] The data acquisition system is used to collect the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator, or collect the gas inside the containment simulator and the parameters of charging / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator.

[0012] The control system is connected between the charging and discharging system and the data acquisition system and is used to adjust the flow rate of charging / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator by the charging and discharging system according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator reaches or maintains a preset test pressure.

[0013] The data analysis system is electrically connected to the data acquisition system and is used to determine the first leakage rate of the containment simulator according to the data collected by the data acquisition system after the pressure inside the containment simulator reaches or maintains a preset test pressure.

[0014] Optionally, the charging and discharging system includes a charging and discharging pipeline, and a charging and discharging isolation valve, a charging and discharging regulating valve, a charging and discharging air extraction device, and a charging and discharging gas filling device provided on the charging and discharging pipeline. The charging and discharging pipeline is connected to the containment simulator. The charging and discharging air extraction device is used to extract gas from the inside of the containment simulator through the charging and discharging pipeline, and the charging and discharging gas filling device is used to fill gas into the inside of the containment simulator through the charging and discharging pipeline.

[0015] The control system is electrically connected between the charging and discharging regulating valve and the data acquisition system and is used to adjust the opening degree of the charging and discharging regulating valve according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator reaches or maintains a preset test pressure.

[0016] Optionally, the data acquisition system includes a charging and discharging parameter acquisition module and an in-shell parameter acquisition module.

[0017] The charging and discharging parameter acquisition module is provided on the charging and discharging pipeline and is used to collect the parameters of charging / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator. The in-shell parameter acquisition module is provided inside the containment simulator and is used to collect the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator.

[0018] Optionally, the charging and discharging parameter acquisition module includes a charging and discharging temperature transmitter, a charging and discharging humidity transmitter, a charging and discharging pressure transmitter, and a charging and discharging flow transmitter;

[0019] The in-shell parameter acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0020] Optionally, a reference leakage rate introduction system is further included,

[0021] The reference leakage rate introduction system is connected to the containment simulator and is used to fill or extract gas with set parameters into the containment simulator.

[0022] The data analysis system is further used to, after the reference leakage rate introduction system is started, determine the second leakage rate of the containment simulator according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, then calculate the reference leakage rate calculated value according to the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determine the reference leakage rate introduction value according to the parameters of the gas filled / extracted into the containment simulator, and calculate the reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduction value.

[0023] Optionally, the reference leakage rate introduction system includes an introduction pipeline, and an introduction isolation valve, an introduction regulating valve, a second gas extraction device, and / or a second gas filling device provided on the introduction pipeline. The introduction pipeline is connected to the containment simulator. The second gas extraction device is used to extract gas from the inside of the containment simulator through the introduction pipeline, and the second gas filling device is used to fill gas into the containment simulator through the introduction pipeline.

[0024] Optionally, the data acquisition system further includes an introduction parameter acquisition module provided on the introduction pipeline for acquiring the parameters of the gas on the introduction pipeline. The control system is also electrically connected between the introduction regulating valve and the introduction parameter acquisition module and is used to adjust the opening of the introduction regulating valve according to the parameters of the gas on the introduction pipeline acquired, so that the reference leakage rate introduction system fills / extracts gas with a set flow rate into the containment simulator.

[0025] Optionally, the introduction parameter acquisition module includes an introduction temperature transmitter, an introduction humidity transmitter, an introduction pressure transmitter, and an introduction flow transmitter.

[0026] Optionally, the pressure relief system includes a pressure relief pipeline, and a pressure relief isolation valve, a pressure relief regulating valve, and a silencer provided on the pressure relief pipeline. The pressure relief pipeline is connected between the containment simulator and the atmospheric environment.

[0027] The data acquisition system further includes a pressure relief flow transmitter, which is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline. The control system is also electrically connected between the pressure relief regulating valve and the data acquisition system, and is used to adjust the opening degree of the pressure relief regulating valve according to the gas flow rate in the pressure relief pipeline collected by the pressure relief flow transmitter, so that the gas inside the containment simulator is discharged according to the set flow rate, safely regulating the pressure inside the shell to atmospheric pressure, or the control system adjusts the opening degree of the pressure relief regulating valve according to the change of the gas pressure inside the containment simulator, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator drops at a set rate, safely regulating the pressure inside the shell to atmospheric pressure.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for measuring and simulating the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment using the above system, including:

[0029] S1: The charging and discharging system fills / discharges gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the gas filled / discharged by the charging and discharging system into / from the inside of the containment simulator, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator reaches the preset test pressure.

[0030] S2: Close the charging and discharging system. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator and transmits them to the data analysis system. The data analysis system determines the first leakage rate of the containment simulator according to the data collected by the data acquisition system.

[0031] Optionally, it further includes:

[0032] S3: The reference leakage rate introduction system fills / extracts gas with set parameters into / from the inside of the containment simulator.

[0033] S4: After the reference leakage rate introduction system is started, the data analysis system determines the second leakage rate of the containment simulator according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, then calculates the reference leakage rate calculated value according to the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determines the reference leakage rate introduction value according to the parameters of the gas filled / extracted into / from the inside of the containment simulator, and calculates the reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduction value.

[0034] The present invention also provides a method for measuring and simulating the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment using the above system, including:

[0035] S1: The charging and discharging system fills / discharges gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the gas filled / discharged by the charging and discharging system into / from the inside of the containment simulator, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator is maintained at the preset test pressure.

[0036] S2: The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas in the containment simulator and the parameters of filling / venting gas into / from the containment simulator, and transmits them to the data analysis system. The data analysis system determines the first leakage rate of the containment simulator according to the data collected by the data acquisition system.

[0037] Optionally, it further includes:

[0038] S3: The reference leakage rate introduction system fills / extracts gas with set parameters into / from the containment simulator. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas in the containment simulator and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of filling / venting gas into / from the containment simulator by the filling / venting system to keep the pressure inside the containment simulator at the preset test pressure.

[0039] S4: After the reference leakage rate introduction system starts and the pressure inside the containment simulator is maintained at the preset test pressure, the data analysis system determines the second leakage rate of the containment simulator according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, then calculates the reference leakage rate calculated value based on the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determines the reference leakage rate introduced value according to the parameters of filling / extracting gas into / from the containment simulator, and calculates the reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduced value.

[0040] The large-scale simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of the containment of a nuclear power plant proposed by the present invention fills the gap in the technical field of the containment tightness test of a nuclear power plant, and for the first time constructs a simulation system for measuring the leakage rate of the containment for carrying out special drills on the containment tightness test. It includes the standard systems and equipment configurations required for simulating the containment tightness test of a nuclear power plant, and is composed of a containment simulator, a containment filling / venting pressure simulation system, a containment pressure relief simulation system, a data acquisition system for measuring the leakage rate of the containment, a data analysis system for the leakage rate of the containment, a control system, etc. It can simulate the entire process of the tightness test of the inner and outer containments by the pressure drop method and the constant pressure method, and improve the professional level and skill maturity of the test personnel. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of the containment of a nuclear power plant provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0042] Next, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of description and simplification, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, the terms "charging and discharging" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "installation", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0046] The present invention provides a simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment, including: a containment simulation body, a charging and discharging system, a pressure relief system, a data acquisition system, a control system, and a data analysis system.

[0047] The charging and discharging system is connected to the containment simulation body and is used to charge / discharge gas into the containment simulation body.

[0048] The pressure relief system is connected between the containment simulation body and the atmospheric environment and is used to adjust the pressure of the containment simulation body to restore it to atmospheric pressure.

[0049] The data acquisition system is used to collect the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulation body, or collect the gas inside the containment simulation body and the parameters of charging / discharging gas into the containment simulation body.

[0050] The control system is connected between the charging and discharging system and the data acquisition system and is used to adjust the flow rate of charging / discharging gas into the containment simulation body by the charging and discharging system according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, so that the pressure inside the containment simulation body reaches or maintains a preset test pressure.

[0051] The data analysis system is electrically connected to the data acquisition system and is used to determine the first leakage rate of the containment simulation body according to the data collected by the data acquisition system after the pressure inside the containment simulation body reaches or maintains the preset test pressure.

[0052] The present invention also provides a method for conducting a simulation test for measuring the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment using the above system, including:

[0053] S1: The charging and discharging system charges / discharges gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the charging and discharging system to charge / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator so that the pressure inside the containment simulator reaches the preset test pressure.

[0054] S2: Close the charging and discharging system. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator and transmits them to the data analysis system. The data analysis system determines the first leakage rate of the containment simulator based on the data collected by the data acquisition system.

[0055] The present invention also provides a method for measuring and simulating the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment using the above system, including:

[0056] S1: The charging and discharging system charges / discharges gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the charging and discharging system to charge / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator so that the pressure inside the containment simulator is maintained at the preset test pressure.

[0057] S2: The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator and the parameters of charging / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator and transmits them to the data analysis system. The data analysis system determines the first leakage rate of the containment simulator based on the data collected by the data acquisition system.

[0058] Embodiment 1:

[0059] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement and simulation test system, including: a containment simulator 1, a charging and discharging system, a pressure relief system, a data acquisition system, a control system, and a data analysis system.

[0060] The charging and discharging system is connected to the containment simulator 1 and is used to charge / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1.

[0061] The pressure relief system is connected between the containment simulator 1 and the atmospheric environment and is used to adjust the pressure of the containment simulator 1 to restore it to atmospheric pressure.

[0062] The data acquisition system is used to collect the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator 1 or to collect the gas inside the containment simulator 1 and the parameters of charging / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1.

[0063] The control system is connected between the charging and discharging system and the data acquisition system, and is used to adjust the flow rate of the charging and discharging system for charging / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1 according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 reaches the test pressure at a set pressure increase rate or maintains a preset test pressure.

[0064] The data analysis system is electrically connected to the data acquisition system, and is used to determine the first leakage rate of the containment simulator 1 according to the data collected by the data acquisition system after the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 reaches or maintains a preset test pressure.

[0065] In this embodiment, the volume inside the containment of the containment simulator exceeds 1000 m 3 , and the height is about 20 m. Referring to the layout of the nuclear power plant bottom plate, main pump, evaporator, pressure vessel, 20 m platform, and dome, a bottom head, an annular corridor + compartment layer, a straight cylinder section, and a top head are arranged inside the shell. Among them, the compartments are divided into two layers, and 6 compartments and 1 central compartment are distributed annularly on each layer.

[0066] In this embodiment, the charging and discharging system can not only inflate the containment simulator to make the containment simulator have a positive pressure to simulate the inner containment leakage rate test, but also evacuate the containment simulator to make the containment simulator have a slightly negative pressure to simulate the outer containment leakage rate test.

[0067] After the charging and discharging system adjusts the pressure of the containment simulator to the preset test pressure, the charging and discharging system is closed, the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator 1 are collected through the data acquisition system, and then the leakage rate of the containment simulator 1 can be obtained by calculation through the data analysis system. This is the measurement of the leakage rate by the conventional pressure drop method.

[0068] In this embodiment, the simulation test system can also adjust the flow rate of the gas charged / discharged into the containment simulator 1 through the charge / discharge system during the test, so as to maintain the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 at the preset test pressure. Then, the data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator 1 and the parameters of the gas charged / discharged into the containment simulator 1 by the charge / discharge system. The data analysis system calculates the basic leakage flow rate using the parameters of the gas charged / discharged into the containment simulator 1 by the charge / discharge system, and also calculates the compensation leakage flow rate using the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator 1. The combination of the two can obtain the leakage rate of the containment simulator. This is a brand-new constant pressure method for measuring the leakage rate of the containment. Since the pressure inside the shell is maintained constant, it effectively improves the fitting deviation caused by the rapid and monotonic decrease of pressure in the traditional pressure drop method (the actual value of the leakage rate of the containment will also be a fixed value under constant pressure, and at this time, linear fitting is very accurate); moreover, this method measures the leakage rate of the containment simulator in a slightly negative pressure environment, and only one continuous test is required to obtain accurate data on the leakage rate of the containment simulator; while the traditional constant pressure method leakage rate test requires at least 6 repeated tests to obtain the fitted estimated value, so the constant pressure method greatly reduces the number of tests and saves time costs.

[0069] After the test is completed, the pressure of the containment simulator is restored to atmospheric pressure through the pressure relief system.

[0070] In this embodiment, the charge / discharge system includes a charge / discharge pipeline 30, and a charge / discharge isolation valve, a charge / discharge regulating valve 8, a charge / discharge air extraction device, and a charge / discharge gas charging device provided on the charge / discharge pipeline 30. The charge / discharge pipeline 30 is connected to the containment simulator 1. The charge / discharge air extraction device is used to extract gas from inside the containment simulator 1 through the charge / discharge pipeline 30, and the charge / discharge gas charging device is used to charge gas into the containment simulator 1 through the charge / discharge pipeline 30.

[0071] The control system is electrically connected between the charge / discharge regulating valve 8 and the data acquisition system, and is used to adjust the opening degree of the charge / discharge regulating valve 8 according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 reaches or maintains the preset test pressure.

[0072] Among them, the charge / discharge isolation valve adopts a redundant design, that is, it includes a first charge / discharge isolation valve 10 and a second charge / discharge isolation valve 11 to improve the safety of the test.

[0073] In the filling and discharging system of this embodiment, in addition to the standard configuration of filling and discharging, a filling and discharging regulating valve 8 (preferably an electric flow regulating valve) is innovatively introduced. Combined with the dynamic control of the control system (preferably using PID to achieve the dynamic regulation of the filling pressure flow rate), the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 can be increased at a set rate until it reaches the preset test pressure, and the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 can also be maintained at the preset test pressure, so as to implement the simulation test of the containment leakage rate measurement by the constant pressure method.

[0074] Specifically, the filling and discharging inflation equipment includes a main air compressor 5, an emergency air compressor 6, and a buffer tank 7. The main air compressor 5 compresses air and caches it in the buffer tank 7. The filling and discharging exhaust equipment can be a suction fan 5-1 or a vacuum pump 5-2.

[0075] In addition, a combined dryer 8 is also provided on the filling and discharging pipeline 30 to dry the gas entering the containment.

[0076] In this embodiment, the data acquisition system includes a filling and discharging parameter acquisition module and an in-containment parameter acquisition module.

[0077] The filling and discharging parameter acquisition module is arranged on the filling and discharging pipeline 30 and is used to acquire the parameters of filling / discharging gas into the containment simulator 1. The in-containment parameter acquisition module is arranged inside the containment simulator 1 and is used to acquire the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator 1.

[0078] In this embodiment, the filling and discharging parameter acquisition module includes a filling and discharging temperature transmitter 14, a filling and discharging humidity transmitter 13, a filling and discharging pressure transmitter 12, and a filling and discharging flow transmitter 15.

[0079] The in-containment parameter acquisition module includes a temperature sensor 2, a humidity sensor 3, and a pressure sensor 4.

[0080] The flow rate collected by the filling and discharging parameter acquisition module can be used to determine the flow rate of the filling and discharging gas under standard conditions; while the gas temperature, humidity, and pressure collected by the filling and discharging parameter acquisition module can be used to calculate the flow rate of the filling and discharging gas under test conditions.

[0081] According to the in-containment temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure collected by the in-containment parameter acquisition module, the standard volume of the gas inside the containment is calculated, and then the leakage amount of the containment can be obtained based on the change in the standard volume.

[0082] In this embodiment, a reference leakage rate introduction system is also included.

[0083] The reference leakage rate introduction system is connected to the containment simulator 1 and is used to fill / extract gas with set parameters into the containment simulator 1.

[0084] The data analysis system is also used to determine the second leakage rate of the containment simulator 1 according to the data collected by the data acquisition system after the reference leakage rate introduction system is started, then calculate the reference leakage rate calculated value according to the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determine the reference leakage rate introduction value according to the parameters of charging / extracting gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1, and calculate the reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduction value.

[0085] By designing the reference leakage rate introduction system to introduce a known leakage flow rate and obtain the leakage rate after superimposing the known leakage flow rate, it can be used to evaluate the reliability of the leakage rate measurement of the containment simulator.

[0086] In this embodiment, the reference leakage rate introduction system includes an introduction pipeline 31, and an introduction isolation valve, an introduction regulating valve 19, a second gas extraction device and / or a second gas charging device provided on the introduction pipeline 31. The introduction pipeline 31 is communicated with the containment simulator 1. The second gas extraction device is used to extract gas from the inside of the containment simulator 1 to the outside through the introduction pipeline 31, and the second gas charging device is used to charge gas into the inside of the containment simulator 1 through the introduction pipeline 31.

[0087] The data acquisition system further includes an introduction parameter acquisition module provided on the introduction pipeline 31 for acquiring the parameters of the gas on the introduction pipeline 31. The control system is also electrically connected between the introduction regulating valve and the introduction parameter acquisition module, and is used to adjust the opening degree of the introduction regulating valve according to the acquired parameters of the gas on the introduction pipeline 31, so that the reference leakage rate introduction system charges / extracts a set flow rate of gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1.

[0088] In this embodiment, the introduction parameter acquisition module includes an introduction temperature transmitter 22, an introduction humidity transmitter 29, an introduction pressure transmitter 24 and an introduction flow transmitter.

[0089] Among them, the introduction isolation valve also adopts a redundant design, including a first introduction isolation valve 16 and a second introduction isolation valve 17. The introduction flow transmitter includes a mass flow transmitter 20 and a volume flow transmitter 21. In addition, a filter 18 is also provided on the introduction pipeline 31.

[0090] In this embodiment, the pressure relief system includes a pressure relief pipeline 32, and a pressure relief isolation valve, a pressure relief regulating valve 27 and a silencer 28 provided on the pressure relief pipeline 32. The pressure relief pipeline 32 is communicated between the containment simulator 1 and the atmospheric environment.

[0091] The data acquisition system further includes a pressure relief flow transmitter 29, which is disposed on the pressure relief pipeline 32. The control system is also electrically connected between the pressure relief regulating valve 27 and the data acquisition system, and is used to adjust the opening degree of the pressure relief regulating valve 27 according to the gas flow rate on the pressure relief pipeline 32 collected by the pressure relief flow transmitter 29, so that the gas inside the containment simulator 1 is discharged according to the set flow rate, and the pressure inside the containment is safely adjusted to the atmospheric pressure. Or the control system adjusts the opening degree of the pressure relief regulating valve (27) according to the change of the gas pressure inside the containment, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) drops at a set rate, and is safely adjusted to the atmospheric pressure.

[0092] Among them, the pressure relief isolation valve also adopts a redundant design, including a first pressure relief isolation valve 25 and a second pressure relief isolation valve 26.

[0093] In summary, the large-scale simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of the nuclear power plant containment proposed by the present invention includes a standard system and equipment configuration required for simulating the airtightness test of the nuclear power plant containment, and consists of a containment simulator with a volume of more than 1000 m 3 ³, a filling and discharging system, a containment pressure relief system, a reference leakage rate introduction system, a data acquisition system for measuring the leakage rate of the containment, a data analysis system for the leakage rate of the containment, and a control system, realizing the simulation of the entire process of the airtightness test of the nuclear power plant containment; including pressurizing the containment at a specified rate, simulating the pressure platform test, depressurizing the containment at a specified rate, introducing a specified verification flow rate, measuring the environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure) inside the containment, measuring the environmental temperature (temperature, humidity, pressure) outside the containment, measuring the temperature of the containment wall, calculating the leakage rate of the containment, etc. It can be specifically used for carrying out simulation operations, theoretical learning and practical training, and optimization testing of the airtightness test of the nuclear power plant containment. And its function is not only to simulate the whole process of the airtightness test of the nuclear power plant containment, improve the professional level and skill maturity of the test personnel, but also to be modified according to the design improvements proposed by the nuclear power plant operating unit and the nuclear power design unit, and to conduct effect tests on design improvements and technical optimizations.

[0094] Embodiment 2:

[0095] This embodiment provides a method for measuring and simulating the leakage rate of the inner containment of a nuclear power plant by using the system of Embodiment 1 with the pressure drop method, including:

[0096] S1: The filling and discharging system fills / discharges gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator 1 and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the filling and discharging system to fill / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 reaches the preset test pressure.

[0097] S2: Close the charge and discharge system. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator 1 and transmits them to the data analysis system. The data analysis system determines the first leakage rate of the containment simulator 1 based on the data collected by the data acquisition system.

[0098] In this embodiment, it further includes:

[0099] S3: The reference leakage rate introduction system fills the inside of the containment simulator 1 with gas having set parameters.

[0100] S4: After the reference leakage rate introduction system is started, the data analysis system determines the second leakage rate of the containment simulator 1 according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, then calculates the reference leakage rate calculated value based on the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determines the reference leakage rate introduction value according to the parameters of the gas filled into the inside of the containment simulator 1, and calculates the reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduction value.

[0101] The specific process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0102] 1) Pressurization inside the shell and rate control

[0103] The steps of pressurizing the inside of the containment simulator 1 in the large-scale simulation test platform through the charge and discharge system are as follows:

[0104] 1.1: The system is online. Close the two isolation valves (the first introduction isolation valve 16 and the second introduction isolation valve 17) of the reference leakage rate introduction system, and close the two isolation valves (the first pressure relief isolation valve 25 and the second pressure relief isolation valve 26) of the pressure relief system.

[0105] 1.2: Start and run the containment leakage rate measurement data acquisition system; the acquisition system continuously monitors the data of three pressure measurement points inside the containment and calculates and displays the pressure rise rate; the acquisition system also continuously monitors the data of the charge and discharge pressure transmitter 12, the charge and discharge humidity transmitter 13, the charge and discharge temperature transmitter 14, and the charge and discharge flow transmitter 15 on the charge and discharge system pipeline.

[0106] 1.3: Start and run the containment simulation test platform control system, and set the initial pressure rise rate target value to 0.

[0107] 1.4: Open the two charge and discharge isolation valves (the first charge and discharge isolation valve 10 and the second charge and discharge isolation valve 11) on the charge and discharge system pipeline.

[0108] 1.5: Start and run the refrigeration and adsorption combined dryer 9.

[0109] 1.6: Start and run the air compressor 5.

[0110] 1.7: Set the pressurization rate target value to the value Q1 to be controlled in the control system. The PID of the control system will automatically adjust the opening of the electric charge and discharge regulating valve 8 in real time to ensure that the pressurization rate is always Q1.

[0111] 1.8: Before the pressure inside the shell reaches the specified pressure, stop the main air compressor 5, switch to the emergency air compressor 6, and adjust the pressurization rate target value to the value Q2 to be controlled. The PID of the control system will automatically adjust the opening of the charge and discharge regulating valve 8 of the charge and discharge system in real time to ensure that the pressurization rate is always Q2.

[0112] 1.9: After the pressure reaches the specified platform, set the pressurization rate target value to 0, and the charge and discharge regulating valve 8 will automatically close.

[0113] 1.10: Close the two charge and discharge isolation valves (the first charge and discharge isolation valve 10 and the second charge and discharge isolation valve 11) on the charge and discharge system pipeline.

[0114] 1.11: Turn off the control authority of the charge and discharge regulating valve 8 in the control system.

[0115] 1.12: Stop the emergency air compressor 6 and stop the dryer 9.

[0116] 2) Simulation of the tightness test on the pressure platform

[0117] After isolating the containment shell from the charge and discharge system through the double isolation valves of the charge and discharge system, start the simulation of the tightness test on the platform.

[0118] 2.1: Start the operation of the containment leakage rate data analysis system.

[0119] 2.2: The containment leakage rate data acquisition system collects the parameters of the temperature, humidity, and pressure inside the shell, stores them, and sends them as analysis data to the data analysis software.

[0120] 2.3: The data analysis system receives the data of the temperature, humidity, and pressure inside the shell sent by the acquisition system in real time, stores and analyzes them, and calculates the containment leakage rate.

[0121] 2.4: The containment leakage rate data acquisition system collects and measures the external environment parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure) of the shell and the shell wall temperature, stores them, and sends them as auxiliary analysis data to the data analysis software.

[0122] 2.5: The data analysis software receives the auxiliary analysis data in real time and stores it.

[0123] 3) Simulation of the verification test on the pressure platform

[0124] Isolate the containment vessel from the charging and discharging system through the double isolation valves of the charging and discharging system. After completing the simulation seal test acquisition and analysis on the pressure plateau in step 2), the verification test on the pressure plateau can be simulated by operating the reference leakage rate introduction system.

[0125] 3.1: Continuously monitor the data of the mass flow transmitter 20, volume flow transmitter 21, introduced temperature transmitter 22, introduced humidity transmitter 23, and introduced pressure transmitter 24 on the common pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system through the data acquisition system, store and send it to the data analysis system in real time.

[0126] 3.2: Open the double isolation valves (the first introduction isolation valve 16 and the second introduction isolation valve 17) on the pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system.

[0127] 3.3: Gradually open the electric introduction regulating valve 19 on the common pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system and adjust the introduced reference flow to the specified flow rate.

[0128] 3.4: Continuously run the data acquisition software and data analysis software until sufficient data samples are obtained.

[0129] 3.5: Open the drain valve at the bottom of the filter 18 on the common pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system for drainage.

[0130] 3.6: Close the double isolation valves (the first introduction isolation valve 16 and the second introduction isolation valve 17) on the pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system.

[0131] 3.7: Close the introduction regulating valve 19 on the common pipeline.

[0132] 4) Depressurization inside the containment vessel and rate control

[0133] The steps for depressurizing the inside of the containment vessel body in the large-scale simulation test platform through the containment depressurization system are as follows:

[0134] 4.1: Start and run the control system of the containment simulation test platform, and set the initial depressurization rate target value to 0.

[0135] 4.2: Open the double isolation valves (the first depressurization isolation valve 25 and the second depressurization isolation valve 26) on the pipeline of the containment depressurization system.

[0136] 4.3: The acquisition system continuously monitors the data of three pressure measurement points inside the containment vessel and calculates and displays the depressurization rate; the acquisition system also continuously monitors the data of the depressurization flow transmitter 29 on the depressurization system pipeline.

[0137] 4.4: In the control system, the target value of the pressure relief rate is set to the value to be controlled Q2. The control system PID will automatically adjust the opening of the pressure relief regulating valve 27 of the pressure relief system in real time to adapt the pressure relief rate to always be Q2.

[0138] 4.5: After the pressure inside the shell reaches the specified platform, the pressure relief rate target value is set to 0, and the electric pressure relief regulating valve 27 is automatically closed.

[0139] 4.6: Close the two isolation valves on the pressure relief system pipeline (the first pressure relief isolation valve 25 and the second pressure relief isolation valve 26).

[0140] 4.7: Close the control authority of the pressure relief regulating valve 27 in the control system.

[0141] The steps of the simulation test for measuring the leakage rate of the outer containment of a nuclear power plant using the pressure drop method using the system of Example 1 are similar to those of this embodiment, except that the inflation is changed to the exhaust, which will not be described in detail here.

[0142] Embodiment 3:

[0143] This embodiment provides a method for performing a nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement simulation test using the system of embodiment 1 by using a constant pressure method, comprising:

[0144] S1: The filling and exhausting system fills / exhausts gas into the containment simulation body 1. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas in the containment simulation body 1 and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the filling / exhausting gas into the containment simulation body 1 by the filling and exhausting system to maintain the pressure inside the containment simulation body 1 at the preset test pressure.

[0145] S2: The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas in the containment simulation body 1 and the parameters of filling / exhausting the gas into the containment simulation body 1, and transmits them to the data analysis system. The data analysis system determines the first leakage rate of the containment simulation body 1 based on the data collected by the data acquisition system.

[0146] Specifically, the data acquisition system collects the flow rate Q of the filling / exhaust gas from the filling and exhaust system to the containment simulation body 1 at every first set time. iout , and the pressure of the gas in the containment simulation body P i , Temperature T i and humidity H i ,

[0147] The data analysis system collects the real-time data of the filling and exhaust system to fill / exhaust the gas flow Q inside the containment simulation body 1. iout , determine the first basic leakage flow at this moment under the standard working condition,

[0148] And according to the real-time collected pressure P of the gas in the containment simulation bodyi 、Temperature T i and humidity H i , determine the first compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the standard working condition environment,

[0149] Then, based on the first basic leakage flow rate and the first compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the standard working condition environment, determine the first leakage rate of the containment simulator at this moment under the standard working condition environment.

[0150] Or,

[0151] The data acquisition system collects the flow rate Q of the charging and discharging system for charging / discharging gas into the containment simulator 1 every first set time iout 、Temperature T iout 、Humidity H iout and pressure P iout , as well as the pressure P of the gas inside the containment simulator i 、Temperature T i and humidity H i ,

[0152] The data analysis system determines the first basic leakage flow rate at this moment under the test working condition environment according to the flow rate Q of the charging and discharging system for charging / discharging gas into the containment simulator 1 collected in real time iout 、Temperature T iout 、Humidity H iout and pressure P iout ,

[0153] And according to the pressure P of the gas inside the containment simulator collected in real time i 、Temperature T i and humidity H i , determine the first compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the test working condition environment,

[0154] Then, based on the first basic leakage flow rate and the first compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the test working condition environment, determine the first leakage rate of the containment simulator at this moment under the test working condition environment.

[0155] Since the flow rate measured by the flow meter on the pipeline is the flow rate under the standard working condition, while the temperature measured by the temperature sensor, the pressure measured by the pressure sensor, and the humidity measured by the humidity sensor are all values under the test working condition environment, it is necessary to unify to a certain working condition in order to perform the superposition of the first basic leakage flow rate and the first compensated leakage flow rate.

[0156] In this embodiment, according to the pressure P of the gas inside the containment simulator collected in real time i 、Temperature T i and humidity H i , the formula for determining the first compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the standard working condition environment is:

[0157]

[0158] Among them, Q 补，Ni represents the first compensated leakage flow rate at time t i under the standard working condition environment, H i represents the average relative humidity in the containment simulation body at time t i , P Hi represents the average water vapor partial pressure in the containment simulation body at time t i , H i-1 represents the average relative humidity in the containment simulation body at time t i-1 , P Hi-1 represents the average water vapor partial pressure in the containment simulation body at time t i-1 , T i represents the average temperature in the containment simulation body at time t i , T i-1 represents the average temperature in the containment simulation body at time t i-1 , V 0 represents the free volume in the containment simulation body, and Δt represents the time length from time t i-1 to time t i , P i represents the test pressure in the containment simulation body at time t i , P N represents the pressure under the standard working condition environment, T N represents the temperature under the standard working condition environment;

[0159] The formula for determining the first basic leakage flow rate at this moment under the test working condition environment according to the flow rate Q iout , temperature T iout , humidity H iout and pressure P iout real-time collected by the charging and discharging system into and out of the gas in the containment simulation body 1 is as follows:

[0160]

[0161] Among them, Q out，Pi represents the first basic leakage flow rate at time t i under the test working condition environment, Q iout represents the extraction flow rate at time t i under the gas supply environment, P i represents the pressure in the containment simulation body at time t i , T i represents the average temperature in the containment simulation body at time t i , P iout represents the gas supply environment at time ti The pressure of the moment charging and discharging system for charging / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1, T iout Indicates that under the gas supply environment at t i The temperature of the moment charging and discharging system for charging / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator 1;

[0162] According to the pressure P of the gas inside the containment simulator collected in real time i , temperature T i and humidity H i , the formula for determining the first compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the test condition environment is:

[0163]

[0164] Among them, Q 补，Pi Indicates the first compensated leakage flow rate at t i under the test condition environment, H i Indicates the average relative humidity inside the containment simulator at t i , P Hi Indicates the average water vapor partial pressure inside the containment simulator at t i , H i-1 Indicates the average relative humidity inside the containment simulator at t i-1 , P Hi-1 Indicates the average water vapor partial pressure inside the containment simulator at t i-1 , T i Indicates the average temperature inside the containment simulator at t i , T i-1 Indicates the average temperature inside the containment simulator at t i-1 , V 0 Indicates the free volume inside the containment simulator, Δt represents the time length from t i-1 to t i , P i Indicates the test pressure inside the containment simulator at t i , P N Indicates the pressure under the standard condition environment, T N Indicates the temperature under the standard condition environment.

[0165] In this embodiment, according to the first basic leakage flow rate and the first compensated leakage flow rate at this moment, the first leakage rate of the containment simulator at this moment is determined, specifically including:

[0166] Adding the first basic leakage flow rate Q i at t i1 and the first compensated leakage flow rate Q i2 to obtain the first actual leakage flow rate Q i of the containment simulator at ti , and then according to the containment simulator t i the first actual leakage flow rate Q at the moment i calculate the first actual leakage rate L of the containment simulator t i at the moment i , the first actual leakage rate L of the containment simulator t i at the moment i is calculated by the formula:

[0167] L i = 2400×Q i / V i

[0168] where i represents the moment of t i at the moment, V i is the volume of the gas inside the containment simulator. It should be noted that Q i and V i should maintain the same calculation environment, that is, the data calculated under the same standard conditions or the same test conditions.

[0169] In this embodiment, it further includes:

[0170] S3: The reference leakage rate introduction system fills / extracts the gas with set parameters into the containment simulator 1. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator 1 and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the gas filled / vented into the containment simulator 1 by the filling and discharging system so that the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 is maintained at the preset test pressure.

[0171] S4: After the reference leakage rate introduction system is started and the pressure inside the containment simulator 1 is maintained at the preset test pressure, the data analysis system determines the second leakage rate of the containment simulator 1 according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, then calculates the reference leakage rate calculated value based on the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determines the reference leakage rate introduction value according to the parameters of the gas filled / extracted into the containment simulator 1, and calculates the reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduction value.

[0172] Specifically, the data acquisition system collects the flow rate Q iout ' of the gas filled / vented into the containment simulator 1 by the filling and discharging system every first set time, i as well as the pressure P i ' of the gas inside the containment simulator, the temperature T i ' and the humidity H

[0173] The data analysis system determines the second basic leakage flow rate at this moment under the standard working condition environment according to the flow rate Q iout ' of the gas filled / vented into the containment simulator 1 collected in real time.

[0174] and the pressure P of the gas in the containment simulator collected in real time i ′, temperature T i ′ and humidity H i ′, determine the second compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the standard working condition environment,

[0175] Then, according to the second basic leakage flow rate and the second compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the standard working condition environment, determine the second actual leakage rate of the containment simulator at this moment under the standard working condition environment;

[0176] Or,

[0177] The data acquisition system collects the flow rate Q of the gas filled / extracted by the charging and discharging system into the containment simulator 1 every first set time iout ′, temperature T iout ′, humidity H iout ′ and pressure P iout ′, and the pressure P of the gas in the containment simulator i ′, temperature T i ′, humidity H i ′,

[0178] The data analysis system determines the second basic leakage flow rate at this moment under the test working condition environment according to the flow rate Q of the gas filled / extracted by the charging and discharging system into the containment simulator 1 collected in real time iout ′, temperature T iout ′, humidity H iout ′ and pressure P iout ′,

[0179] and the pressure P of the gas in the containment simulator collected in real time i ′, temperature T i ′ and humidity H i ′, determine the second compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the test working condition environment,

[0180] Then, according to the second basic leakage flow rate and the second compensated leakage flow rate at this moment under the test working condition environment, determine the second actual leakage rate of the containment simulator at this moment under the test working condition environment;

[0181] The determination of the reference leakage rate introduction value according to the parameters of the gas filled / extracted into the containment simulator 1 specifically includes:

[0182] According to the flow rate Q of the gas filled / extracted into the containment simulator 1 iin , determine the reference leakage rate introduction value under the standard working condition environment;

[0183] Or,

[0184] According to the gas flow rate Q iin filled into / drawn from the inside of the containment simulator 1, iin temperature T, iin humidity H, iin and pressure P,

[0185] determine the reference leakage rate introduction value under the test condition environment. i ′, temperature T i ′ and humidity H i ′, the formula for determining the second compensation leakage flow rate at this moment under the standard condition environment is:

[0186]

[0187] where Q 补，Ni ′ represents the second compensation leakage flow rate at time t i under the standard condition environment, H i ′ represents the average relative humidity inside the containment simulator at time t i , P Hi ′ represents the average water vapor partial pressure inside the containment simulator at time t i , H i-1 ′ represents the average relative humidity inside the containment simulator at time t i-1 , P Hi-1 ′ represents the average water vapor partial pressure inside the containment simulator at time t i-1 , T i ′ represents the average temperature inside the containment simulator at time t i , T i-1 ′ represents the average temperature inside the containment simulator at time t i-1 , V 0 represents the free volume inside the containment simulator, Δt represents the time length from t i-1 to t i , P i ′ represents the test pressure inside the containment simulator at time t i-1 , P N represents the pressure under the standard condition environment, T N represents the temperature under the standard condition environment;

[0188] The formula for determining the second basic leakage flow rate at this moment under the test condition environment according to the real-time collected gas flow rate Q iout ′, temperature T iout ′, humidity H iout ′ and pressure P iout ′ is:

[0189]

[0190] Among them, Q out，Pi ′ represents the second base leakage flow rate at time t i in the test condition environment, Q iout ′ represents the air extraction flow rate at time t i in the air supply environment, P i ′ represents the pressure in the containment simulator at time t i , T i ′ represents the average temperature in the containment simulator at time t i , P iout ′ represents the pressure of the gas charging / discharging system to the inside of the containment simulator 1 at time t i in the air supply environment, T iout ′ represents the temperature of the gas charging / discharging system to the inside of the containment simulator 1 at time t i in the air supply environment;

[0191] The formula for determining the second compensation leakage flow rate at this moment in the test condition environment according to the pressure P i ′, temperature T i ′ and humidity H i ′ of the gas in the containment simulator collected in real time is:

[0192]

[0193] Among them, Q 补，pi ′ represents the second compensation leakage flow rate at time t i in the test condition environment, H i ′ represents the average relative humidity in the containment simulator at time t i , P Hi ′ represents the average water vapor partial pressure in the containment simulator at time t i , H i-1 ′ represents the average relative humidity in the containment simulator at time t i-1 , P Hi-1 ′ represents the average water vapor partial pressure in the containment simulator at time t i-1 , T i ′ represents the average temperature in the containment simulator at time t i , T i-1 ′ represents the average temperature in the containment simulator at time t i-1 , V 0 represents the free volume in the containment simulator, Δt represents the time length from t i-1 to t i , P i ′ represents the test pressure in the containment simulator at time t i-1 ;

[0194] According to the flow rate Q of filling / extracting gas into the containment simulator 1 iin , temperature T iin , humidity H iin and pressure P iin , the formula for determining the reference leakage rate introduction value under the test condition environment is:

[0195]

[0196] where L in，Pi ′ represents the reference leakage rate introduction value at time t i in the test condition environment, Q iin represents the flow rate of filling / extracting gas into the containment simulator 1 at time t i in the injection environment, P i ′ represents the pressure inside the containment simulator at time t i , T i ′ represents the average temperature inside the containment simulator at time t i , P iin represents the pressure of filling / extracting gas into the containment simulator 1 at time t i in the injection environment, T iin represents the temperature of filling / extracting gas into the containment simulator 1 at time t i in the injection environment, V 0 is the free volume inside the containment simulator.

[0197] In this embodiment, according to the second basic leakage flow rate and the second compensation leakage flow rate at this moment, the second leakage rate of the containment simulator at this moment is determined, specifically including:

[0198] Adding the second basic leakage flow rate Q i ′ and the second compensation leakage flow rate Q i1 ′ at time t i2 to obtain the second leakage flow rate Q i ′ of the containment simulator at time t i , and then calculating the second actual leakage rate L i ′ of the containment simulator at time t i according to the second leakage flow rate Q i ′ of the containment simulator at time t i . The calculation formula for the second leakage rate L i ′ of the containment simulator at time t i is:

[0199] L i ′ = 2400 × Q i ′ / V i ′

[0200] Among them, i represents the t i moment, and V i ′ is the volume of the gas in the containment simulator. It should be noted that Q i ′ and V i ′ should maintain the same calculation environment, that is, the data calculated under the same standard conditions or the same test conditions.

[0201] The calculated value L iin ′ of the reference leakage rate is calculated as follows:

[0202]

[0203] Among them, represents the first average leakage rate from the t 1 moment to the t m moment, represents the second average leakage rate from the t 1 moment to the t m moment.

[0204] The calculation formula for the relative deviation r iin of the measured value of the reference leakage rate is:

[0205]

[0206] Among them, L iin is the introduced value of the reference leakage rate.

[0207] The specific process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0208] 1) Pressurization inside the shell and rate control

[0209] The steps of pressurizing the inside of the containment simulator 1 in the large-scale simulation test platform through the filling and discharging system are as follows:

[0210] 1.1: The system is online, close the two isolation valves (the first introduction isolation valve 16 and the second introduction isolation valve 17) of the reference leakage rate introduction system, and close the two isolation valves (the first pressure relief isolation valve 25 and the second pressure relief isolation valve 26) of the pressure relief system.

[0211] 1.2: Start and run the data acquisition system for measuring the containment leakage rate; the acquisition system will continuously monitor the data of three pressure measurement points inside the containment and calculate and display the pressure rise rate; the acquisition system will also continuously monitor the data of the filling and discharging pressure transmitter 12, filling and discharging humidity transmitter 13, filling and discharging temperature transmitter 14, and filling and discharging flow transmitter 15 on the filling and discharging system pipeline.

[0212] 1.3: Start and run the control system of the containment simulation test platform, and set the initial pressure rise rate target value to 0.

[0213] 1.4: Open the two charge and discharge isolation valves (the first charge and discharge isolation valve 10 and the second charge and discharge isolation valve 11) on the charge and discharge system pipeline.

[0214] 1.5: Start and run the refrigerated adsorption combined dryer 9.

[0215] 1.6: Start and run the air compressor 5.

[0216] 1.7: Set the charging pressure rate target value to the value Q1 to be controlled in the control system. The PID of the control system will automatically adjust the opening of the electric charge and discharge regulating valve 8 in real time to adapt to the charging pressure rate always being Q1.

[0217] 1.8: Before the pressure inside the shell reaches the specified pressure, stop the main air compressor 5, switch to the emergency air compressor 6, and adjust the charging pressure rate target value to the value Q2 to be controlled. The PID of the control system will automatically adjust the opening of the charge and discharge regulating valve 8 of the charge and discharge system in real time to adapt to the charging pressure rate always being Q2.

[0218] 1.9: After the pressure reaches the specified platform, set the charging pressure rate target value to 0, and the charge and discharge regulating valve 8 will automatically close.

[0219] 2) Constant pressure control inside the shell

[0220] 2.1: Keep the two charge and discharge isolation valves (the first charge and discharge isolation valve 10 and the second charge and discharge isolation valve 11) on the charging system pipeline in the open state. Automatically change the control parameters of the PID of the control system from the charging pressure rate to the pressure inside the shell, and set the pressure control target value inside the shell to the specified pressure platform.

[0221] 2.3: The control system adjusts the opening of the charge and discharge regulating valve 8 in real time according to the pressure inside the containment vessel collected by the received data acquisition system to ensure that the pressure inside the containment vessel is always the set target value.

[0222] 3) Simulation of the tightness test on the pressure platform

[0223] After maintaining the constant pressure inside the containment vessel through step 2), start the simulation of the tightness test on the platform.

[0224] 3.1: Start and run the containment leakage rate data analysis system.

[0225] 3.2: The containment leakage rate data acquisition system collects the temperature, humidity, and pressure parameters inside the shell, stores them, and sends them as analysis data to the data analysis software.

[0226] 3.3: The containment leakage rate data acquisition system collects the charging and discharging flow rates, temperature, humidity, and pressure on the charge and discharge system pipeline, stores them, and sends them as analysis data to the data analysis software.

[0227] 3.4: The data analysis system receives in real time the data of the temperature, humidity, and pressure inside the containment, as well as the flow rate, temperature, humidity, and pressure of the filling and discharging pipelines sent by the acquisition system, stores and analyzes them, and calculates the containment leakage rate.

[0228] 3.5: The data acquisition system for the containment leakage rate collects and measures the external environment parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure) of the containment and the temperature of the containment wall, stores them, and sends them to the data analysis software as auxiliary analysis data.

[0229] 3.6: The data analysis software receives the auxiliary analysis data in real time and stores it.

[0230] 4) Simulation of the verification test on the pressure platform

[0231] After completing the acquisition and analysis of the simulated sealing test on the constant pressure platform through step 3), the verification test on the pressure platform can be simulated by operating the reference leakage rate introduction system.

[0232] 4.1: Continuously monitor the data of the mass flow transmitter 20, volume flow transmitter 21, introduced temperature transmitter 22, introduced humidity transmitter 23, and introduced pressure transmitter 24 on the common pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system through the data acquisition system, store them, and send them to the data analysis system in real time.

[0233] 4.2: Open the double isolation valves (the first introduction isolation valve 16 and the second introduction isolation valve 17) on the pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system.

[0234] 4.3: Gradually open the electric introduction regulating valve 19 on the common pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system, and adjust the introduced reference flow rate to the specified flow rate.

[0235] 4.4: The data acquisition software and the data analysis software run continuously until sufficient data samples are obtained.

[0236] 4.5: Open the drain valve at the bottom of the filter 18 on the common pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system to drain water.

[0237] 4.6: Close the double isolation valves (the first introduction isolation valve 16 and the second introduction isolation valve 17) on the pipeline of the reference leakage rate introduction system.

[0238] 4.7: Close the introduction regulating valve 19 on the common pipeline.

[0239] 5) Depressurization inside the containment and rate control

[0240] The steps for depressurizing the inside of the containment body in the large-scale simulation test platform through the containment depressurization system are as follows:

[0241] 5.1: Close the two charge and discharge isolation valves (the first charge and discharge isolation valve 10 and the second charge and discharge isolation valve 11) on the charge and discharge system pipeline.

[0242] 5.2: Disable the control authority of the charge and discharge regulating valve 8 in the control system.

[0243] 5.3: Stop the emergency air compressor 6 and the dryer 9.

[0244] 5.4: Start the control system of the containment simulation test platform, and set the initial depressurization rate target value to 0.

[0245] 5.5: Open the double isolation valves (the first depressurization isolation valve 25 and the second depressurization isolation valve 26) on the containment depressurization system pipeline.

[0246] 5.6: The acquisition system continuously monitors the data of three pressure measurement points inside the containment and calculates and displays the depressurization rate; the acquisition system also continuously monitors the data of the depressurization flow transmitter 29 on the depressurization system pipeline.

[0247] 5.7: Set the depressurization rate target value to the value Q2 to be controlled in the control system. The PID of the control system will automatically adjust the opening of the depressurization regulating valve 27 of the depressurization system in real time to ensure that the depressurization rate is always Q2.

[0248] 5.8: After depressurization until the pressure inside the containment reaches the specified platform, set the depressurization rate target value to 0, and the electric depressurization regulating valve 27 automatically closes.

[0249] 5.9: Close the two isolation valves (the first depressurization isolation valve 25 and the second depressurization isolation valve 26) on the depressurization system pipeline.

[0250] 5.10: Disable the control authority of the depressurization regulating valve 27 in the control system.

[0251] The steps of using the system in Embodiment 1 to perform a simulation test on the leakage rate measurement of the outer containment of a nuclear power plant using the constant pressure method are similar to those in this embodiment. Only the gas charging needs to be changed to gas discharging, which will not be elaborated here.

[0252] The large-scale simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of the nuclear power plant containment proposed by the present invention has been constructed by the inventor unit. After testing, it has completely simulated all the operations and functions of the leakage rate measurement of the nuclear power plant containment, including pressurizing the containment at a specified rate, simulating the pressure platform test, depressurizing the containment at a specified rate, introducing a specified verification flow rate, measuring the environmental parameters inside the containment (temperature, humidity, pressure), measuring the environmental temperature outside the containment (temperature, humidity, pressure), measuring the temperature of the containment wall, calculating the leakage rate of the containment, etc.

[0253] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment, characterized in that, it includes: a containment simulator (1), a filling and discharging system, a pressure relief system, a data acquisition system, a control system and a data analysis system, the filling and discharging system is connected to the containment simulator (1) and is used to fill / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1), the pressure relief system is connected between the containment simulator (1) and the atmospheric environment and is used to adjust the pressure of the containment simulator (1) to restore it to atmospheric pressure, the data acquisition system is used to acquire the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator (1), or acquire the gas inside the containment simulator (1) and the parameters of filling / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1), the control system is connected between the filling and discharging system and the data acquisition system and is used to adjust the flow rate of filling / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1) by the filling and discharging system according to the data acquired by the data acquisition system, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) reaches or maintains a preset test pressure, the data analysis system is electrically connected to the data acquisition system and is used to determine the first leakage rate of the containment simulator (1) according to the data acquired by the data acquisition system after the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) reaches or maintains a preset test pressure, the filling and discharging system includes a filling and discharging pipeline (30), and a filling and discharging isolation valve, a filling and discharging regulating valve (8), a filling and discharging air extraction device and a filling and discharging gas charging device provided on the filling and discharging pipeline (30). The filling and discharging pipeline (30) is connected to the containment simulator (1). The filling and discharging air extraction device is used to extract gas from the inside of the containment simulator (1) through the filling and discharging pipeline (30), and the filling and discharging gas charging device is used to charge gas into the inside of the containment simulator (1) through the filling and discharging pipeline (30), the control system is electrically connected between the filling and discharging regulating valve (8) and the data acquisition system and is used to adjust the opening degree of the filling and discharging regulating valve (8) according to the data acquired by the data acquisition system, so that the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) reaches or maintains a preset test pressure.

2. The simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the data acquisition system includes a filling and discharging parameter acquisition module and an in-shell parameter acquisition module, the filling and discharging parameter acquisition module is provided on the filling and discharging pipeline (30) and is used to acquire the parameters of filling / discharging gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1). The in-shell parameter acquisition module is provided inside the containment simulator (1) and is used to acquire the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator (1).

3. The simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment according to claim 2, characterized in that, the filling and discharging parameter acquisition module includes a filling and discharging temperature transmitter (14), a filling and discharging humidity transmitter (13), a filling and discharging pressure transmitter (12) and a filling and discharging flow transmitter (15); the in-shell parameter acquisition module includes a temperature sensor (2), a humidity sensor (3) and a pressure sensor (4).

4. The simulation test system for measuring the leakage rate of a nuclear power plant containment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, it further includes a reference leakage rate introduction system, The reference leakage rate introduction system is connected to the containment simulator (1) and is used to fill or extract gas with set parameters into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1). The data analysis system is further configured to, after the reference leakage rate introduction system is started, determine the second leakage rate of the containment simulator (1) according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, then calculate a reference leakage rate calculated value based on the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determine a reference leakage rate introduced value according to the parameters of the gas filled / extracted into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1), and calculate a reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduced value.

5. The nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement simulation test system according to claim 4 Characterized in that The reference leakage rate introduction system includes an introduction pipeline (31), and an introduction isolation valve, an introduction regulating valve (19), a second air extraction device and / or a second gas filling device provided on the introduction pipeline (31). The introduction pipeline (31) is connected to the containment simulator (1). The second air extraction device is used to extract gas from the inside of the containment simulator (1) to the outside through the introduction pipeline (31), and the second gas filling device is used to fill gas into the inside of the containment simulator (1) through the introduction pipeline (31). The data acquisition system further includes an introduction parameter acquisition module provided on the introduction pipeline (31) for acquiring the parameters of the gas on the introduction pipeline (31). The control system is also electrically connected between the introduction regulating valve and the introduction parameter acquisition module, and is used to adjust the opening degree of the introduction regulating valve according to the acquired parameters of the gas on the introduction pipeline (31), so that the reference leakage rate introduction system fills / extracts gas with a set flow rate into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1).

6. The nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement simulation test system according to claim 5 Characterized in that The introduction parameter acquisition module includes an introduction temperature transmitter (22), an introduction humidity transmitter (29), an introduction pressure transmitter (24) and an introduction flow transmitter.

7. The nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement simulation test system according to any one of claims 1-3 Characterized in that The pressure relief system includes a pressure relief pipeline (32), and a pressure relief isolation valve, a pressure relief regulating valve (27) and a silencer (28) provided on the pressure relief pipeline (32). The pressure relief pipeline (32) is connected between the containment simulator (1) and the atmospheric environment. The data acquisition system further includes a pressure relief flow transmitter (29) which is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline (32). The control system is also electrically connected between the pressure relief regulating valve (27) and the data acquisition system, and is used to adjust the opening degree of the pressure relief regulating valve (27) according to the gas flow rate on the pressure relief pipeline (32) collected by the pressure relief flow transmitter (29), so that the gas inside the containment simulator (1) is discharged according to a set flow rate, and the pressure inside the containment is safely adjusted to atmospheric pressure; or the control system adjusts the opening degree of the pressure relief regulating valve (27) according to the change of the gas pressure inside the containment simulator (1), so that the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) drops at a set rate, and the pressure inside the containment is safely adjusted to atmospheric pressure.

8. A method for simulating a nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement test by using the system according to any one of claims 1 - 7, comprising: S1: The filling and discharging system fills / discharges gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1). The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator (1) and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the filling and discharging system to fill / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1), so that the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) reaches a preset test pressure. S2: The filling and discharging system is closed. The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator (1) and transmits them to the data analysis system. The data analysis system determines the first leakage rate of the containment simulator (1) according to the data collected by the data acquisition system.

9. The method for simulating a nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement test according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises: S3: The reference leakage rate introduction system fills / extracts gas with set parameters into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1). S4: After the reference leakage rate introduction system is started, the data analysis system determines the second leakage rate of the containment simulator (1) according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, then calculates the reference leakage rate calculated value according to the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determines the reference leakage rate introduction value according to the parameters of the gas filled / extracted into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1), and calculates the reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduction value.

10. A method for simulating a nuclear power plant containment leakage rate measurement test by using the system according to any one of claims 1 - 7, comprising: S1: The filling and discharging system fills / discharges gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1). The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator (1) and transmits them to the control system. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the filling and discharging system to fill / discharge gas into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1), so that the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) is maintained at a preset test pressure. S2: The data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator (1) and the parameters of the gas filled / discharged into / from the inside of the containment simulator (1), and transmits them to the data analysis system. The data analysis system determines the first leakage rate of the containment simulator (1) according to the data collected by the data acquisition system.

11. The method for simulating the measurement of the leakage rate of the containment of a nuclear power plant according to claim 10, characterized in that, it further includes: S3: The reference leakage rate introduction system fills / extracts gas with set parameters into the inside of the containment simulator (1), the data acquisition system collects the parameters of the gas inside the containment simulator (1), and transmits them to the control system, and the control system adjusts the flow rate of the gas filled / vented by the filling and discharging system into the inside of the containment simulator (1) so that the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) is maintained at the preset test pressure. S4: After the reference leakage rate introduction system is started and the pressure inside the containment simulator (1) is maintained at the preset test pressure, the data analysis system determines the second leakage rate of the containment simulator (1) according to the data collected by the data acquisition system, then calculates the reference leakage rate calculated value based on the second leakage rate and the first leakage rate, and determines the reference leakage rate introduction value according to the parameters of the gas filled / extracted into the inside of the containment simulator (1), and calculates the reference leakage rate measurement deviation from the reference leakage rate calculated value and the reference leakage rate introduction value.

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