Dual-function photodetector based on carrier selective transmission membrane and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane and a preparation method, comprising a transparent substrate, a transparent anode, a transparent hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, a carrier selective transmission layer, an organic response layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode modification layer and a transparent cathode arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The carrier selective transmission layer allows the holes generated by the organic response layer to pass freely, and hinders the photogenerated electrons of the perovskite layer from passing; under the action of the carrier selective transmission membrane, the carriers of the front and rear active layers are actively regulated, and finally narrow-band signal detection can be achieved when the signal light is incident from the anode, and broadband signal detection can be achieved when the signal light is incident from the cathode. The dual-function photodetector provided by the present invention: in the absence of an external bias, near-infrared narrow-band and ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared broadband optical signal detection can be achieved in a single device, respectively, and has high external quantum efficiency and responsiveness, and at the same time has high weak light detection capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photoelectric detection technology, and in particular to a dual-function photoelectric detector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Photodetectors are photovoltaic devices that convert light signals into electrical signals based on the photoelectric effect. They are widely used in image sensing, optical communications, biological imaging, environmental monitoring, national defense and other fields. Photodetectors can be divided into narrowband detectors and broadband detectors according to their detection range. Narrowband detectors (response half-peak width less than 100nm) refer to detectors with the ability to specifically detect light signals in a narrow spectral range, while broadband detectors can detect light signals in a wide spectral range. Most of the photodetectors reported or applied in the literature are single-function, that is, a single device structure can only achieve narrowband or broadband signal response. Compared with single-function detectors, dual-function photodetectors have great potential in terms of preparation process, cost control, and diversified applications. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.

[0005] A dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission film, comprising a transparent substrate, a transparent anode, a transparent hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, a carrier selective transmission layer, an organic response layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode modification layer and a transparent cathode arranged in sequence from bottom to top;

[0006] When the light signal is incident from the transparent anode, the perovskite layer can absorb the short-wavelength light signal within its own absorption spectrum, and the organic response layer can complementarily absorb the long-wavelength light signal passing through the perovskite layer. The carrier selective transmission layer hinders the transmission of the photogenerated electrons in the perovskite layer, and expresses the light signal of the photogenerated holes generated by the organic response layer, so that the dual-function photodetector outputs a narrow-band light response within the long-wavelength spectrum.

[0007] When the light signal is incident from the transparent cathode, the organic response layer can first absorb the light signal within its own absorption spectrum, and the generated photogenerated holes can be smoothly expressed through the carrier selective transmission layer, so that the dual-function photodetector outputs a broadband light response covering the organic response layer's own absorption spectrum.

[0008] Preferably, the carrier selective transmission layer is made of any one of the following materials: poly[(9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl)fluorenyl-2,7-diyl)–alt-[(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)] and poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine.

[0009] Preferably, the perovskite material of the perovskite layer is ABX 3 Structure, where A is the cation site, B is the metal cation site, and X is the halogen anion site; the cation site is Rb + , Cs + 、MA + and FA + Any one or more of; the metal cation position is Sn 2+ and / or Pb 2+ ; The halogen anion position is Cl - Br - and I - One or more of.

[0010] Preferably, the perovskite layer has a thickness of 200-600 nanometers.

[0011] Preferably, the organic response layer is a blended film of an electron donor material and an electron acceptor material; wherein the electron donor material is one of PTB7, PTB7-th and PM6; and the electron acceptor is a non-fullerene acceptor, including IT-4F, Y6 and its derivatives.

[0012] Preferably, the organic response layer is a bulk heterojunction structure with a thickness of 100-300 nanometers.

[0013] Preferably, the material of the transparent cathode is any one of aluminum, silver and gold.

[0014] Preferably, the transparent substrate is a hard substrate or a flexible substrate; the hard substrate is any one of glass, silicon dioxide and quartz; the flexible substrate is any one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate and polyimide;

[0015] The material of the transparent anode is indium tin oxide; the material of the transparent anode modification layer is PEDOT:PSS or PTAA.

[0016] Preferably, the electron transport layer is fullerene C60 or a fullerene derivative, wherein the fullerene derivative is [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester or [6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester;

[0017] The cathode modification layer is 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-biphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane, which is applied to the above-mentioned dual-function photodetector, comprising:

[0019] S1 prepares a transparent anode on a transparent substrate;

[0020] S2 prepares a transparent hole transport layer by spin coating on the transparent anode;

[0021] S3 prepares a perovskite layer by spin coating on the transparent hole transport layer;

[0022] S4 is to prepare a carrier selective transmission layer by spin coating on the perovskite layer;

[0023] S5: preparing an organic response layer by spin coating on the carrier selective transmission layer;

[0024] S6: preparing an electron transport layer by evaporating on the organic response layer;

[0025] S7: preparing a cathode modification layer by evaporating on the electron transport layer;

[0026] S8 prepares a transparent cathode on the cathode modification layer.

[0027] It can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the above embodiments of the present invention that the present invention provides a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane and a preparation method, comprising a transparent substrate, a transparent anode, a transparent hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, a carrier selective transmission layer, an organic response layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode modification layer and a transparent cathode arranged in sequence from bottom to top. When the light signal is incident from the transparent anode, the perovskite layer can absorb the light signal within its absorption spectrum range, and the organic response layer can complementarily absorb the light signal in the long wavelength band outside the perovskite absorption spectrum range. Under the action of the carrier selective transmission layer, the transmission of photogenerated electrons in the perovskite layer is hindered, and the light response cannot be expressed; the transmission of photogenerated holes in the organic response layer is not affected, and the light response is expressed normally, and finally the photodetector outputs a long-wavelength narrow-band spectral response. When the light beam is incident from the transparent cathode, the organic response layer can absorb the light signal within its absorption spectrum range, and because its light response is expressed normally, the photodetector outputs a broadband spectral response. The photoelectric detector provided by the present invention: by introducing a carrier selective transmission membrane, the behavior of carriers is actively regulated, which can effectively reduce the thickness of the perovskite layer and reduce the device cost; under the condition of no external bias, near-infrared narrowband and ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared broadband optical signal detection are respectively realized in a single device, and has high external quantum efficiency and responsiveness, and at the same time has high weak light detection capability; based on the invention, the perovskite and organic materials are reasonably expanded, the narrowband and broadband detection ranges can be regulated, and the applicability of the detector in specific practical applications is greatly improved; the modulation of a separate voltage is eliminated, the thickness of the active layer is reduced, and self-driving can be achieved, while reducing the device cost, the stability and reliability of the detector can also be guaranteed; the photoelectric detector has a thinner active layer thickness and has broad application prospects in relevant fields such as national defense and industry.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, which will become obvious from the following description, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for preparing a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 An external quantum efficiency diagram of the dual-function photodetector based on the carrier selective transmission membrane provided by the present invention under the condition of no external bias;

[0033] Figure 4 A photocurrent curve diagram of a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A dark current curve diagram of the dual-function photodetector based on the carrier selective transmission membrane provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A narrow-band response diagram of the dual-function photodetector based on the carrier selective transmission membrane provided by the present invention under the anode side incidence condition;

[0036] Figure 7 A broadband response diagram of the dual-function photodetector based on the carrier selective transmission membrane provided by the present invention under cathode side incidence conditions;

[0037] Figure 8 This is an absorption spectrum diagram of the perovskite layer and the organic response layer of the dual-function photodetector based on the carrier selective transmission membrane provided by the present invention.

[0038] In the figure:

[0039] 1. Transparent substrate 2. Transparent anode 3. Transparent hole transport layer 4. Perovskite layer 5. Carrier selective transmission layer 6. Organic response layer 7. Electron transport layer 8. Cathode modification layer 9. Transparent cathode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0041] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated, the singular forms "one", "said", and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we refer to an element as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used herein may include wireless connection or coupling. The term "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0042] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless defined as herein.

[0043] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, several specific embodiments will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] The present invention provides a self-driven dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane, which is used to solve the following technical problems in the prior art:

[0045] There are two strategies for achieving dual-function detection in the prior art: one is based on the narrowing effect of charge collection by regulating the collection of carriers at the electrode under a thick active layer (micrometer level) structure; the other is to achieve charge injection under a higher voltage through the trap confinement effect. In order to achieve dual-function detection, existing strategies rely on thicker active layers or voltage modulation, which makes devices based on existing strategies face huge challenges in cost control, device stability, and reliability.

[0046] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane, comprising a transparent substrate 1, a transparent anode 2, a transparent hole transport layer 3, a perovskite layer 4, a carrier selective transmission layer 5, an organic response layer 6, an electron transport layer 7, a cathode modification layer 8 and a transparent cathode 9 arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0047] The dual-function photodetector provided by the present invention uses a carrier selective permeable membrane to actively regulate the behavior of the photogenerated carriers of the perovskite layer 4 and the organic response layer 6 through a clever device structure and principle design, which is specifically embodied in that the photogenerated holes of the organic response layer 6 can pass through, while the electrons of the perovskite layer 4 are blocked from passing through. When the light signal is incident from the transparent anode 2 side, the perovskite layer 4 can absorb the light signal within its broadband spectrum range, and the generated photogenerated electrons are shielded under the active blocking effect of the carrier selective permeable membrane; while the long-wavelength near-infrared light will not be absorbed by the perovskite layer 4, and will then pass through the perovskite layer 4 and be supplemented by the organic response layer 6. The generated photogenerated holes can be transmitted through the carrier selective permeable membrane, and its light response signal can be smoothly expressed. Therefore, when the light signal is incident from the anode, the detector has the ability of narrow-band spectrum detection. When the light signal is incident from the cathode, the organic layer absorbs the light signal within its absorption spectrum range, and its light response expression is not affected by the carrier selective permeable layer 5. Therefore, the photodetector finally outputs a broadband light response covering the absorption spectrum of the organic response layer 6 itself, that is, the detector has the ability of broadband spectrum detection.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, the carrier selective transmission layer 5 is made of any one of the following materials: poly [(9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl)fluorenyl-2,7-diyl)–alt-[(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFN) and poly [bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine (PTAA).

[0049] The perovskite material of the perovskite layer 4 is ABX 3 Structure, where A is the cation site, B is the metal cation site, and X is the halogen anion site; the cation site is Rb + , Cs + 、MA + and FA + Any one or more of; the metal cation position is Sn 2+ and / or Pb 2+ ; The halogen anion position is Cl - Br - and I - The thickness of the perovskite layer 4 is 200-600 nanometers, and the material is preferably methylamine lead iodide (MAPbI 3 ), the thickness is preferably 500 nanometers.

[0050] The organic response layer 6 is a blended film of an electron donor material and an electron acceptor material; wherein the electron donor material includes poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene-2-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-random-3-fluoro-thieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate] (PTB7-Th) or poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl-3-fluoro)thiophene-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-B:4,5-B']dithiophene])-ALT-(Chemicalbook5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thiophene-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-C:4',5'-C']dithiophene-4,8-dione (PM6); preferably PM6; the electron acceptor is a non-fullerene acceptor, Including 12,13-di(2-ethylhexyl)-3,9-diundecyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]thiadiazo[3,4-e]thieno[2",3":4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-g]thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indole-2,10-bis(5,6-difluoro-3-(dicyano)- Preferably, Y6 is used.

[0051] The transparent cathode 9 is made of aluminum, silver or gold, and has a thickness of 5-30 nanometers, preferably 15 nanometers.

[0052] The transparent substrate 1 is a hard substrate or a flexible substrate. The hard substrate is glass, silicon dioxide or quartz, and the flexible substrate is polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate or polyimide. The material of the transparent anode 2 is indium tin oxide. The modification layer of the transparent anode 2 is one of PEDOT:PSS and PTAA.

[0053] The electron transport layer 7 is fullerene C 60 Or a fullerene derivative, wherein the fullerene derivative is [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester or [6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester; the cathode modification layer 8 is 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-biphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP).

[0054] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned dual-function photodetector, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0055] S1: preparing a transparent anode 2 on a transparent substrate 1;

[0056] S2 spin-coating a transparent hole transport layer 3 on the transparent anode 2;

[0057] S3: preparing a perovskite layer 4 by spin coating on the transparent hole transport layer 3;

[0058] S4: preparing a carrier selective transmission layer 5 by spin coating on the perovskite layer 4;

[0059] S5: preparing an organic response layer 6 by spin coating on the carrier selective transmission layer 5;

[0060] S6: preparing an electron transport layer 7 by evaporation on the organic response layer 6;

[0061] S7: preparing a cathode modification layer 8 by evaporating on the electron transport layer 7;

[0062] S8: preparing a transparent cathode 9 on the cathode modification layer 8.

[0063] The present invention also provides several embodiments for exemplarily showing preferred photodetectors and methods for making the same.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the photodetector includes: a transparent substrate 1, a transparent anode 2, a transparent hole transport layer 3, a perovskite layer 4, a carrier selective transmission layer 5, an organic response layer 6, an electron transport layer 7, a cathode modification layer 8, and a transparent cathode 9.

[0066] The transparent substrate 1 is a hard substrate or a flexible substrate, the hard substrate is glass, silicon dioxide or quartz, and the flexible substrate is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) or polyimide (PI); the transparent anode 2 is indium tin oxide;

[0067] The transparent hole transport layer 3 is PEDOT:PSS or PTAA;

[0068] Perovskite layer 4 is ABX 3 The perovskite material has a structure, wherein A is a cation site, which is one or more of rubidium ion, cesium ion, methylamine ion and formamidine ion, B is a metal cation site, which is tin ion and / or lead ion, and X is a halogen anion site, which is one or more of chloride ion, bromide ion and iodide ion; the thickness of the perovskite layer is 200-600nm.

[0069] The carrier selective transmission layer 5 is a polymer material PFN or PTAA;

[0070] The organic response layer 6 is a blended film composed of an electron donor material and a non-fullerene acceptor material, and is a bulk heterojunction structure; wherein the electron donor material is any one of PTB7, PTB7-th and PM6; the electron acceptor is a non-fullerene acceptor, including IT-4F, Y6 and its derivatives; the thickness of the organic response layer is 100-300 nanometers, preferably 150 nanometers.

[0071] The electron transport layer 7 is fullerene C60, and the film thickness is 10-30nm, preferably 20nm;

[0072] The cathode modification layer 8 is BCP, and the film thickness is 7-15nm, preferably 10nm;

[0073] The semi-transparent cathode 9 is a semi-transparent metal electrode made of metal materials such as gold, silver, copper, etc., preferably an Ag electrode, with a thickness of 10-20 nm, preferably 15 nm.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a self-driven dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane, such as Figure 2 The preparation method of the dual-function photodetector comprises the following steps:

[0076] The transparent substrate 1 is glass; the transparent anode 2 is ITO; the transparent hole transport layer 3 is PEDOT:PSS; the perovskite layer 4 is MAPbI 3 ; The carrier selective transmission layer 5 is PFN; the organic response layer 6 is a blended film of PM6 and Y6 with a mass ratio of 1:1.2; the electron transport layer 8 is C 60 ; The cathode modification layer 8 is BCP; the semi-transparent cathode is an ultra-thin silver electrode with a thickness of 15 nanometers.

[0077] Step 1: Prepare a transparent anode ITO on a glass substrate, then immerse it in deionized water and anhydrous ethanol respectively, and clean it with an ultrasonic cleaner; blow dry it with nitrogen after cleaning, and treat the dry substrate with a plasma cleaner for 1 minute to improve the cleanliness of the substrate surface and the ITO surface work function.

[0078] Step 2: Spin coat PEDOT:PSS on the ITO treated in step 1 at a rate of 5000 rpm for 20 seconds, and then anneal on a heating table at 150 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes to remove moisture from the PEDOT:PSS film.

[0079] Step 3: Spin-coat the perovskite layer on the PEDOT:PSS film completed in step 2 and prepare MAPbI with a concentration of 2.2 mol / L 3The perovskite precursor solution was spin coated at a spin coating rate of 7000 rpm for 25 seconds, 400 μl of chlorobenzene was added at the 5th second, and then annealed on a heating platform at 100 degrees Celsius for 5 minutes to obtain a perovskite film with a thickness of 500 nm.

[0080] Step 4: Spin-coat a carrier selective transmission layer on the perovskite film, prepare a 0.5 mg / ml PFN solution, spin-coat at a spin rate of 3000 rpm for 30 seconds, and then anneal at 90 degrees Celsius for 5 minutes.

[0081] Step 5: Spin-coat an organic response layer on the carrier selective transmission layer; prepare PM6 and Y6 into a mixed solution with a concentration of 16 mg / ml in a mass ratio of 1:1.2, spin-coat at a speed of 3000 rpm for 40 seconds, and then anneal at 80 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes to obtain an organic heterojunction film with a thickness of 150 nm.

[0082] Step 6: Transfer the substrate spin-coated in step 5 to a vacuum chamber with a pressure lower than 1×10 -4 Pa, C 60 Heat it to evaporate, the evaporation rate is 0.1-0.3 nm / s, and a C with a thickness of 20 nm is obtained. 60 Electron transport layer.

[0083] Step 7: On the basis of step 6, continue evaporation to obtain a cathode modification layer; heat the BCP to evaporate it, and evaporate a BCP film with a thickness of 10 nanometers at an evaporation rate of 0.1-0.3 nanometers / second.

[0084] Step 8: Based on step 7, heat the silver ingot, with an evaporation rate of 0.1-0.3 nm / s, and evaporate to obtain a semi-transparent metal electrode with a thickness of 15 nm.

[0085] Through the above steps, a dual-function detector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane can be prepared. The external quantum efficiency spectrum curve of the photodetector without external bias is as follows: Figure 3 As shown; the photocurrent and dark current are Figure 4 , 5 As shown; Figure 6 , Figure 7 These are the response diagrams for anode incidence and cathode incidence respectively. When incident from the anode, a near-infrared narrowband spectral response can be achieved, and when incident from the cathode, a broadband spectral response can be achieved. Figure 8 is the absorption spectrum of the perovskite material and the organic response layer material used in this embodiment, wherein the perovskite MAPbI 3 The organic PM6:Y6 blend film has an absorption range covering 300-800 nanometers, and the organic PM6:Y6 blend film has an absorption range covering 300-950 nanometers.

[0086] The dual-function detector prepared in this embodiment has a dark current density of 6.37×10 -6 mA / cm2. When incident from the bottom, a narrowband response with a half-width of 130 nanometers and an external quantum efficiency of 49.1% can be obtained at 800 nanometers in the near-infrared; when incident from the top, a broadband response covering the ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared range of 300-950 nanometers can be obtained.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] Based on Example 2, the difference between this example and Example 2 is that the carrier selective transmission layer is replaced by PTAA.

[0089] PTAA was dissolved in chlorobenzene to prepare a solution with a concentration of 8 mg / ml. According to step 4 of Example 2, a carrier selective transmission layer was spin-coated on the perovskite film at a spin coating rate of 3000 rpm for 30 seconds, followed by annealing at 90 degrees Celsius for 5 minutes.

[0090] The dual-function detector prepared in this embodiment has a dark current density of 7.03×10 -6 mA / cm2, when incident from the anode side, a narrowband response can be obtained in the near-infrared 800 nanometers; when incident from the cathode side, a broadband response covering the UV-visible-near-infrared range of 300-950 nanometers can be obtained.

[0091] In summary, the present invention provides a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane and a preparation method, comprising a transparent substrate, a transparent anode, a transparent hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, a carrier selective transmission layer, an organic response layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode modification layer and a transparent cathode arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The carrier selective transmission layer allows the holes generated by the organic response layer to pass freely, while hindering the passage of photogenerated electrons in the perovskite layer; under the action of the carrier selective transmission membrane, the behavior of the carriers in the front and rear active layers is actively regulated, and ultimately narrow-band signal detection can be achieved when the signal light is incident from the anode, and broadband signal detection can be achieved when the signal light is incident from the cathode. The photodetector provided by the present invention:

[0092] By introducing a carrier selective permeable membrane and actively regulating the behavior of carriers, the thickness of the perovskite layer can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the device.

[0093] Under the condition of no external bias, the near-infrared narrowband and ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared broadband optical signal detection are realized in a single device, and it has high external quantum efficiency and responsivity, as well as high weak light detection capability.

[0094] It eliminates the need for separate voltage modulation, reduces the thickness of the active layer, and enables self-driving, which reduces device costs while ensuring detector stability and reliability.

[0095] Based on the invention, the rational expansion of perovskite and organic materials can be used to control the narrowband and broadband detection ranges, greatly improving the applicability of the detector in specific practical applications.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can understand that the accompanying drawings are only schematic diagrams of an embodiment, and the modules or processes in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily required to implement the present invention.

[0097] It can be known from the description of the above implementation methods that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a storage medium such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0098] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device or system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The device and system embodiments described above are merely schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0099] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane, characterized in that: It includes a transparent substrate, a transparent anode, a transparent hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, a carrier selective transmission layer, an organic response layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode modification layer and a transparent cathode which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; When a light signal is incident from the transparent anode, the perovskite layer can absorb short-wavelength light signals within its own absorption spectrum, the organic response layer can complementarily absorb long-wavelength light signals passing through the perovskite layer, the carrier selective transmission layer hinders the transmission of photogenerated electrons in the perovskite layer, and expresses the light signal of photogenerated holes generated by the organic response layer, so that the dual-function photodetector outputs a narrow-band light response within the long-wavelength spectrum; When a light signal is incident from the transparent cathode, the organic response layer can first absorb the light signal within its own absorption spectrum, and the generated photogenerated holes can be smoothly expressed through the carrier selective transmission layer, so that the dual-function photodetector outputs a broadband light response covering the absorption spectrum range of the organic response layer itself.

2. The dual-function photoelectric detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier selective transmission layer is made of any one of the following materials: poly[(9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl)fluorenyl-2,7-diyl)–alt-[(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)] and poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine.

3. The dual-function photodetector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perovskite material of the perovskite layer is an ABX3 structure, wherein A is a cation site, B is a metal cation site, and X is a halogen anion site; the cation site is Rb + , Cs + 、MA + and FA + Any one or more of; the metal cation position is Sn 2+ and / or Pb 2+ ; The halogen anion position is Cl - Br - and I - One or more of.

4. The dual-function photoelectric detector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the perovskite layer is 200-600 nanometers.

5. The dual-function photoelectric detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic response layer is a blended film of an electron donor material and an electron acceptor material; wherein the electron donor material is one of PTB7, PTB7-th and PM6; and the electron acceptor is a non-fullerene acceptor, including IT-4F, Y6 and its derivatives.

6. The dual-function photoelectric detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The organic response layer is a bulk heterojunction structure with a thickness of 100-300 nanometers.

7. The dual-function photoelectric detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the transparent cathode is any one of aluminum, silver and gold.

8. The dual-function photoelectric detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent substrate is a hard substrate or a flexible substrate; the hard substrate is any one of glass, silicon dioxide and quartz; the flexible substrate is any one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate and polyimide; The material of the transparent anode is indium tin oxide; the material of the transparent anode modification layer is PEDOT:PSS or PTAA.

9. The dual-function photoelectric detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electron transport layer is fullerene C60 or a fullerene derivative, wherein the fullerene derivative is [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester or [6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester; The cathode modification layer is 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-biphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline.

10. A method for preparing a dual-function photodetector based on a carrier selective transmission membrane, characterized in that: The dual-function photoelectric detector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: S1 prepares a transparent anode on the transparent substrate; S2 spin-coating the transparent hole transport layer on the transparent anode; S3 spin-coating a perovskite layer on the transparent hole transport layer; S4 spin-coating the carrier selective transmission layer on the perovskite layer; S5 spin-coating the organic response layer on the carrier selective transmission layer; S6 prepares the electron transport layer by evaporation on the organic response layer; S7 prepares the cathode modification layer by evaporation on the electron transport layer; S8: preparing the transparent cathode on the cathode modification layer.

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