Method for operating a fuel cell, fuel cell and computer-readable storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a fuel cell operation method, a fuel cell and a computer readable storage medium, and the method comprises the following steps: when the fuel cell is started, the ambient temperature outside the fuel cell is acquired in real time; and the heating power of a hydrogen electric heater and a stack electric heater is controlled according to the temperature interval in which the ambient temperature is located. The air supply angle adjustment mode of the application can be increased, and various comfort requirements can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, specifically to a method for operating a fuel cell, a fuel cell using the method for operating the fuel cell, and a computer-readable storage medium using the method for operating the fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells have received widespread research and attention due to their cleanliness, pollution-free operation, and high efficiency. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), in addition to the aforementioned characteristics of general fuel cells, also offer advantages such as high power density, low operating temperature, long lifespan, and rapid start-up, showing broad application prospects and attracting increasing attention from countries and enterprises. However, fuel cells need to meet market demands for rapid start-up and power output under various ambient temperatures. The normal operating temperature of PEMFCs is between 80-100°C, making low-temperature cold start a significant technical challenge and one of the main factors affecting their commercialization. This is because, in operating environments below 0°C, the water generated during the cathode reaction easily freezes and clogs the catalyst and diffusion layers, hindering the reaction. The volume change caused by water freezing also damages the structure of the membrane electrode assembly, reducing fuel cell performance.

[0003] To overcome the aforementioned problems, current methods for low-temperature start-up of fuel cell systems mainly include stack self-start, external heating source-assisted low-temperature start-up, and external insulation-assisted low-temperature start-up. Stack self-start requires precise control of gas and electricity to keep voltage or current within a suitable range, and is prone to start-up failure, which is difficult to reverse after a single failure. External insulation-assisted low-temperature start-up is limited by storage time and conditions; if the fuel cell is stored in a low-temperature environment for too long, the system temperature may become too low, potentially preventing start-up. Most fuel cell low-temperature start-ups require external heating source assistance. Methods such as introducing heated air or circulating cooling water for heating fall under this category. External heating source-assisted low-temperature start-up offers stable performance and is less prone to failure; therefore, it has become the preferred method.

[0004] An existing proton exchange membrane fuel cell system includes a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack. The air inlet and hydrogen inlet of the stack are connected by a pipe via an air circulation pump and a first electric heating wire. The air outlet and hydrogen outlet of the stack are connected by a pipe via a desiccant, forming a closed loop of the air circulation pump, the first electric heating wire, the stack, and the desiccant. The water inlet and outlet of the stack are connected by a pipe via a first water pump and a small water tank equipped with a second electric heating wire, forming a closed loop of the small water tank, the first water pump, and the stack. The water inlet and outlet of the stack are also connected by a pipe via a second water pump and a large water tank equipped with a third electric heating wire, forming a closed loop of the large water tank, the second water pump, and the stack. The top of the large water tank is connected to a pipe for controllable communication with the atmosphere. By relying on the closed loop of the gas flow channel and the two loops of the water flow channel in the stack, the cryogenic storage and rapid cryogenic start-up of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack can be achieved simultaneously without adding other equipment, and the equipment is simple and easy to operate. However, this scheme does not control the operation of the external heating source auxiliary device according to the ambient temperature at startup. Ambient temperature is an important factor affecting the operation of the external heating source auxiliary device, so this scheme is prone to the problem of excessive power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a method for operating a fuel cell that can automatically and intelligently regulate heating energy to reduce energy consumption.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a fuel cell that can automatically and intelligently regulate heating energy to reduce energy consumption.

[0007] A third objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium that can automatically and intelligently regulate heating energy and reduce energy consumption.

[0008] To achieve the aforementioned first objective, the working method of the fuel cell provided by the present invention includes: when the battery is turned on, acquiring the ambient temperature outside the battery in real time; and controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the stack electric heater according to the temperature range of the ambient temperature.

[0009] As can be seen from the above scheme, the working method of the fuel cell of the present invention controls the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the stack electric heater according to the ambient temperature outside the battery and the temperature range of the ambient temperature. The heating energy can be automatically and intelligently adjusted according to the ambient temperature to reduce energy consumption and make the fuel cell operate in the optimal output state.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the ambient temperature is negatively correlated with the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the fuel cell stack electric heater.

[0011] Therefore, the lower the ambient temperature, the higher the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the stack electric heater, thus ensuring the start-up temperature requirements of the fuel cell under the current ambient temperature and improving the start-up reliability and operational stability of the fuel cell.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the step of controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack heater according to the ambient temperature range includes: when the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, turning off the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack heater; when the ambient temperature is less than the first preset temperature but greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power and turning off the fuel cell stack heater; when the ambient temperature is less than the second preset temperature, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power and the fuel cell stack heater to heat at the second preset power; wherein, the first preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the first preset temperature ranges from 0 to 5°C; the second preset temperature ranges from -15°C to -20°C.

[0014] Therefore, by controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the stack electric heater in different temperature ranges, the temperature of the active area can be intelligently controlled, ensuring the start-up reliability of the fuel cell under the current ambient temperature.

[0015] In a further embodiment, after controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at a first preset power and turning off the fuel cell electric heater, the method further includes: determining whether the hydrogen inlet temperature is greater than a third preset temperature value; if so, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at a power reduced to a first preset percentage of the first preset power.

[0016] Therefore, if the hydrogen inlet temperature is higher than the third preset temperature value after the hydrogen electric heater is heated at the first preset power, it indicates that the hydrogen inlet temperature is too high and needs to be controlled to avoid damaging the service life of the fuel cell.

[0017] In a further embodiment, after controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at a first preset power and the fuel cell stack electric heater to heat at a second preset power, the embodiment further includes: acquiring the fuel cell stack temperature in real time; and controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack electric heater according to the temperature range in which the fuel cell stack temperature is located.

[0018] Therefore, when the fuel cell stack heater is started for heating, the heating power of the hydrogen heater and the fuel cell stack heater can be controlled according to the temperature range of the fuel cell stack. The power can be automatically adjusted in combination with the temperature of the fuel cell during operation to achieve the optimal output state.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the stack temperature is negatively correlated with the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the stack electric heater.

[0020] Therefore, as the stack temperature increases, the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the stack electric heater decreases accordingly, thereby preventing the stack temperature from affecting the performance of the fuel cell.

[0021] In a further embodiment, the steps of controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell electric heater according to the temperature range of the fuel cell stack include: when the fuel cell stack temperature is lower than a fourth preset temperature, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at a first preset power and the fuel cell electric heater to heat at a second preset power; when the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth preset temperature and less than or equal to a fifth preset temperature, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power and the fuel cell electric heater to heat at a power reduced to a second preset percentage of the second preset power; when the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature, controlling the fuel cell electric heater to heat at a power reduced to a second preset percentage of the second preset power, and turning off the hydrogen electric heater; wherein, the fifth preset temperature is greater than the fourth preset temperature.

[0022] Therefore, when the stack temperature is below the fourth preset temperature, it indicates that the fuel cell is still in its initial operating phase and requires accelerated heating of the stack. Thus, the hydrogen electric heater is controlled to heat at the first preset power, and the stack electric heater at the second preset power. When the stack temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth preset temperature but less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature, it indicates that the stack temperature has risen to a certain level, and the heating power needs to be appropriately reduced. Therefore, the stack electric heater is controlled to reduce its heating power by a second preset percentage of the second preset power. When the stack temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature, it indicates that the stack temperature is stabilizing; therefore, the hydrogen electric heater is shut off.

[0023] To achieve the second objective of the present invention, the present invention provides a fuel cell including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the above-described fuel cell operation method.

[0024] To achieve the third objective of the present invention, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a controller, implements the steps of the above-described fuel cell operating method. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the working method of the fuel cell of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps in an embodiment of the fuel cell operating method of the present invention to control the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack electric heater according to the temperature range of the ambient temperature.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell electric heater according to the temperature range of the fuel cell stack in an embodiment of the working method of the fuel cell of the present invention.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example of fuel cell operation method:

[0031] The fuel cell operating method of the present invention is an application program used in a fuel cell to control auxiliary heating of the fuel cell. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell includes a stack 1. The stack 1 is equipped with a hydrogen electric heater 2 and a stack electric heater 3. The hydrogen electric heater 2 heats the hydrogen flowing through the hydrogen inlet 11, and the stack electric heater 3 heats the stack 1. The hydrogen electric heater 2 is installed at the hydrogen inlet 11 of the stack 1, and the stack electric heater 3 is evenly distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the stack 1. Both the hydrogen electric heater 2 and the stack electric heater 3 use heating wires. The stack 1 is also equipped with a hydrogen inlet temperature sensor, a stack temperature sensor, and an ambient temperature sensor, used to detect the hydrogen inlet temperature, stack temperature, and ambient temperature, respectively.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the working method of the fuel cell of the present invention first executes step S1, whereby the ambient temperature outside the battery is acquired in real time when the battery is turned on. Ambient temperature is a crucial factor affecting the temperature of the fuel cell during startup, as different ambient temperatures have varying impacts on the catalytic process. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire the ambient temperature outside the battery in real time during startup to further control the external auxiliary heater.

[0033] After obtaining the ambient temperature outside the battery, step S2 is executed, controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack heater according to the temperature range of the ambient temperature. The ambient temperature is negatively correlated with the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the fuel cell stack heater. Automatic and intelligent adjustment of heating energy based on the ambient temperature reduces energy consumption and keeps the fuel cell in its optimal output state. Furthermore, the lower the ambient temperature, the higher the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the fuel cell stack heater, ensuring the reliability of fuel cell startup and the stability of operation.

[0034] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 When controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack electric heater according to the ambient temperature range, step S21 is first executed to determine whether the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature. The first preset temperature is preset based on experimental data; preferably, the value of the first preset temperature ranges from 0 to 5°C.

[0035] When the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, step S22 is executed to shut down the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack electric heater. If the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, it indicates that the current ambient temperature is high, and there is no need to start the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack electric heater for auxiliary heating; therefore, the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack electric heater are shut down.

[0036] When the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, step S23 is executed to determine whether the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature. The second preset temperature is preset based on experimental data; preferably, the value of the second preset temperature ranges from -15℃ to -20℃.

[0037] When the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature but greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, step S24 is executed, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power and shutting off the fuel cell stack electric heater. The first preset power is preset based on experimental data; preferably, the first preset power is the full power of the hydrogen electric heater. If the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature but greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, it indicates that the current ambient temperature is low, requiring auxiliary heating of the fuel cell stack. In this case, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power, using hydrogen gas to heat the fuel cell stack, is sufficient to meet the fuel cell stack's operational requirements.

[0038] The hydrogen electric heater is controlled to heat at a first preset power. After the fuel cell electric heater is turned off, step S25 is executed to determine whether the hydrogen inlet temperature is greater than a third preset temperature value. The third preset temperature value is preset based on experimental data, and preferably, the value of the third preset temperature value is in the range of 60°C to 70°C.

[0039] If the hydrogen inlet temperature does not meet the requirement of being higher than the third preset temperature value, then proceed to step S24. If the hydrogen inlet temperature meets the requirement of being higher than the third preset temperature value, proceed to step S26, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at a power reduced to a first preset percentage of the first preset power. The first preset percentage is preset based on experimental data; preferably, the first preset percentage ranges from 60% to 70%, meaning the hydrogen electric heater heats at 60% to 70% of the first preset power. If the hydrogen inlet temperature is higher than the third preset temperature value, it indicates that the hydrogen inlet temperature is too high and needs to be controlled. Therefore, the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater is reduced to prevent the hydrogen inlet temperature from rising too quickly and affecting the safe operation of the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen electric heater is controlled to reduce its heating power by a first preset percentage of the first preset power until the fuel cell stops operating.

[0040] If, during step S23, the ambient temperature is confirmed to be lower than the second preset temperature, then step S27 is executed, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power and the fuel cell stack electric heater to heat at the second preset power. If the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, it indicates a harsh ambient temperature, requiring simultaneous control of the hydrogen electric heater at the first preset power and the fuel cell stack electric heater at the second preset power to meet the operating temperature requirements of the fuel cell stack.

[0041] After controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at a first preset power and the fuel cell stack electric heater to heat at a second preset power, step S28 is executed to obtain the fuel cell stack temperature in real time. When the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell stack electric heater heat simultaneously, the fuel cell stack temperature may rise too quickly; therefore, it is necessary to monitor the fuel cell stack temperature in real time.

[0042] After obtaining the stack temperature, step S29 is executed, controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the stack electric heater according to the temperature range of the stack temperature. The stack temperature is negatively correlated with the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the stack electric heater. After the stack enters the operating state, the heating power of the auxiliary heating device is automatically adjusted by combining the stack temperature during fuel cell operation, thereby enabling the fuel cell to achieve its optimal output state. As the stack temperature increases, the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the stack electric heater decreases accordingly, thereby preventing the stack temperature from affecting the performance of the fuel cell.

[0043] In this embodiment, see Figure 4 When controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the fuel cell electric heater according to the temperature range of the fuel cell stack temperature, step S31 is first executed to determine whether the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than or equal to a fourth preset temperature. The fourth preset temperature is preset based on experimental data; preferably, the value of the fourth preset temperature is between 20°C and 25°C.

[0044] When the fuel cell stack temperature is lower than the fourth preset temperature, step S32 is executed, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power and the fuel cell stack electric heater to heat at the second preset power. If the fuel cell stack temperature is lower than the fourth preset temperature, it indicates that the fuel cell stack temperature has not yet met the operational requirements; therefore, rapid heating of the fuel cell stack is still necessary.

[0045] When the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth preset temperature, step S33 is executed to determine whether the fuel cell stack temperature is less than the fifth preset temperature. The fifth preset temperature is preset based on experimental data and is greater than the fourth preset temperature. Preferably, the value of the fifth preset temperature is between 30°C and 40°C.

[0046] When the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth preset temperature and less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature, step S34 is executed, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at a first preset power, and the fuel cell stack electric heater to reduce its heating power by a second preset percentage of the second preset power. The second preset percentage is preset based on experimental data; preferably, the value of the second preset percentage ranges from 45% to 65%, meaning the fuel cell stack electric heater heats at 45% to 65% of the second preset power. When the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth preset temperature and less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature, it indicates that the fuel cell stack temperature is close to the operating temperature conditions. At this time, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the heating power to avoid excessively rapid temperature rise; therefore, the fuel cell stack electric heater is controlled to reduce its heating power by a second preset percentage of the second preset power.

[0047] When the stack temperature exceeds the fifth preset temperature, step S35 is executed, controlling the stack electric heater to heat at a power reduced to a second preset percentage of the second preset power, while the hydrogen electric heater is turned off. When the stack temperature exceeds the fifth preset temperature, it indicates that the stack temperature is sufficient, and further reduction of the auxiliary heating device's heating is required. Therefore, the hydrogen electric heater is turned off to prevent the stack temperature from rising, relying solely on the stack electric heater to maintain heating, ensuring the stack temperature stability and guaranteeing optimal temperature conditions for fuel cell power output.

[0048] In addition, to prevent the fuel cell stack temperature from becoming too high, a temperature protection threshold can be set for the fuel cell stack temperature. When the fuel cell stack temperature exceeds the temperature protection threshold, the fuel cell stack electric heater and hydrogen electric heater will be shut down. At the same time, further cooling measures can be taken to ensure the stability of the fuel cell stack temperature and the safe operation of the fuel cell stack.

[0049] As can be seen from the above, the working method of the fuel cell of the present invention controls the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the stack electric heater according to the ambient temperature outside the battery and the temperature range of the ambient temperature. It can automatically and intelligently adjust the heating energy according to the ambient temperature, reduce energy consumption, and make the fuel cell operate in the optimal output state.

[0050] Fuel cell example:

[0051] The fuel cell in this embodiment includes a controller, which executes the steps in the above-described fuel cell operation method embodiment when executing a computer program.

[0052] For example, a computer program can be divided into one or more modules, one or more of which are stored in memory and executed by a controller to perform the present invention. One or more modules can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which describe the execution process of the computer program in a fuel cell.

[0053] Fuel cells may include, but are not limited to, controllers and memory. Those skilled in the art will understand that fuel cells may include more or fewer components, or combinations of certain components, or different components; for example, fuel cells may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0054] For example, the controller can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose controllers, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose controller can be a microcontroller or any conventional controller. The controller is the control center of the fuel cell, connecting all parts of the fuel cell through various interfaces and wiring.

[0055] The memory can be used to store computer programs and / or modules. The controller implements various functions of the fuel cell by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory, and by calling the data stored in the memory. For example, the memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (e.g., sound receiving function, sound-to-text function, etc.); the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the mobile phone (e.g., audio data, text data, etc.). In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, RAM, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0056] Examples of computer-readable storage media:

[0057] If the fuel cell integrated module of the above embodiments is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above fuel cell operating method embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a controller, it can implement the steps of the above fuel cell operating method embodiments. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The storage medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0058] It should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial modifications made to the present invention using this concept also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating a fuel cell, the fuel cell comprising an electric pile, the electric pile being provided with a hydrogen electric heater for heating hydrogen flowing through a hydrogen inlet and an electric pile electric heater for heating the electric pile, the method comprising: obtaining an ambient temperature outside the fuel cell in real time when the fuel cell is started; controlling heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the electric pile electric heater according to a temperature interval in which the ambient temperature is located; and controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the electric pile electric heater according to the temperature interval in which the ambient temperature is located, wherein: when the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, the hydrogen electric heater and the electric pile electric heater are turned off; when the ambient temperature is less than the first preset temperature and greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, the hydrogen electric heater is controlled to heat at a first preset power, and the electric pile electric heater is turned off, wherein, after the hydrogen electric heater is controlled to heat at the first preset power and the electric pile electric heater is turned off, it is determined whether an inlet temperature of the hydrogen is greater than a third preset temperature value, and if so, the hydrogen electric heater is controlled to heat at a power reduced to a first preset percentage of the first preset power; when the ambient temperature is less than the second preset temperature, the hydrogen electric heater is controlled to heat at the first preset power, and the electric pile electric heater is controlled to heat at a second preset power; and the first preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature. 2.The method according to claim 1, wherein: the ambient temperature is negatively correlated with the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the electric pile electric heater. 3.The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the first preset temperature ranges from 0 to 5 ℃; and the second preset temperature ranges from -15 ℃ to -20 ℃. 4.The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, after the step of controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power and the electric pile electric heater to heat at the second preset power, the method further comprises: obtaining an electric pile temperature in real time; and controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the electric pile electric heater according to a temperature interval in which the electric pile temperature is located. 5.The method according to claim 4, wherein: the electric pile temperature is negatively correlated with the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and / or the electric pile electric heater. 6.The method according to claim 5, wherein: the step of controlling the heating power of the hydrogen electric heater and the electric pile electric heater according to the temperature interval in which the electric pile temperature is located comprises: when the electric pile temperature is less than a fourth preset temperature, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power and the electric pile electric heater to heat at the second preset power. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ when the stack temperature is greater than or equal to the fourth preset temperature and less than or equal to a fifth preset temperature, controlling the hydrogen electric heater to heat at the first preset power, and the stack electric heater to heat at a power reduced to a second preset percentage of the second preset power; when the stack temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature, controlling the stack electric heater to heat at a power reduced to a second preset percentage of the second preset power, and the hydrogen electric heater to be turned off; wherein the fifth preset temperature is greater than the fourth preset temperature.

7. A fuel cell comprising a processor and a memory, characterized by: The memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the working method of the fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: The computer program, when executed by the controller, implements the steps of the working method of the fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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