Hydrogen Consumption Measurement System for a Fuel Cell Vehicle and Its Usage Method

Abstract

The present application relates to a hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle and a method of using the same, and relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles. The system includes: an on-vehicle hydrogen tank; an external hydrogen tank; a combined flow measurement module, whose intake end is connected to the on-vehicle hydrogen tank and the external hydrogen tank through solenoid valves, and is used to measure the hydrogen intake flow rate; an external nitrogen tank, which is connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module through a solenoid valve, and is used to purge nitrogen into the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module; a waste discharge pipeline, which is connected to the pipelines corresponding to the intake end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module; a hydrogen addition module, which is used to be connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module to supply gas to the fuel cell vehicle. The present application utilizes preset hydrogen supply pipelines and nitrogen supply pipelines to perform pressure detection and pipeline purging actions during hydrogen supply work, and combines the hydrogen intake flow rate and the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate to conveniently and quickly obtain the hydrogen consumption, so as to meet the measurement requirements during hydrogen supply work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, and particularly relates to a hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are new energy vehicles that use green and environmentally friendly energy and are the current technological direction for the development of new energy vehicles. The research, development, production, and commercialization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are currently new technological hotspots in the automotive industry. In the early days, hydrogen fuel vehicles were restricted by technological levels, and the hydrogen fuel cell system mostly operated under steady-state conditions with a stable output power. The dynamic power output relied on a relatively large-capacity power battery in the vehicle.

[0003] Therefore, the external hydrogen supply flow rate during testing requires relatively stability, and a relatively simple pressure reducing valve combination device can achieve this. Also, because early hydrogen fuel cell vehicles mostly used relatively large-capacity power batteries, and the energy proportion of the power battery was relatively large, it was necessary to separately measure and calculate the contribution of the power battery to economy and cruising range and the power consumption when testing the cruising range and hydrogen consumption.

[0004] With the development of technological levels, the powertrain configuration of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles has gradually developed towards full power, that is, the power battery only accounts for a negligible proportion of the total power. The dynamic power output of the fuel cell system meets the requirements of various changing working conditions of the vehicle. High requirements are put forward for the dynamic response of the power output of the fuel cell system, including the hydrogen supply system.

[0005] Therefore, a hydrogen supply and hydrogen consumption measurement technology is provided to meet the dynamic hydrogen supply and hydrogen consumption measurement requirements during the cruising range and hydrogen consumption tests of fuel cell vehicles under dynamic working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle and a method for using the same. By using a preset hydrogen supply pipeline and nitrogen supply pipeline, pressure detection and pipeline purging operations are carried out during hydrogen supply work, combined with the hydrogen intake flow rate and hydrogen waste discharge flow rate, to conveniently and quickly obtain the hydrogen consumption and meet the measurement requirements during hydrogen supply work.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle, the system comprising:

[0008] An on-vehicle hydrogen tank;

[0009] An external hydrogen tank;

[0010] A combined flow measurement module, whose intake end is connected to the on-vehicle hydrogen tank and the external hydrogen tank through solenoid valves, and is used to measure the hydrogen intake flow rate;

[0011] An external nitrogen tank, which is connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module through a solenoid valve, and is used to purge nitrogen into the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module;

[0012] A waste discharge pipeline, which is connected to the pipeline corresponding to the inlet end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module;

[0013] A hydrogenation module, which is used to be connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module to supply gas to a fuel cell vehicle; wherein,

[0014] The waste discharge pipeline is equipped with a hydrogen flow module at the connection with the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module, and is used to measure the hydrogen waste discharge flow;

[0015] The hydrogen consumption value is equal to the hydrogen inlet flow minus the hydrogen waste discharge flow.

[0016] Specifically, the combined flow measurement module includes multiple flow measurement branches constructed by flow meters of different flow levels;

[0017] Both ends of each flow measurement branch are respectively connected to the inlet end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module;

[0018] The flow measurement branches are in a parallel mode.

[0019] Specifically, the hydrogen flow module includes hydrogen flow meters with different ranges connected in parallel.

[0020] Specifically, the hydrogenation module includes hydrogen filling guns or hydrogen supply connectors connected in parallel and adapted to different hydrogen filling port specifications.

[0021] Specifically, temperature and pressure sensors are configured on both the side close to the inlet end and the side close to the outlet end inside the combined flow measurement module.

[0022] Specifically, an overpressure valve is configured on the passage of the waste discharge pipeline connected to the inlet end of the combined flow measurement module.

[0023] Specifically, a solenoid valve and an overpressure valve are arranged in parallel at the connection of the hydrogen flow module with the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module.

[0024] Specifically, solenoid valves are configured at the outlet ends of the on-vehicle hydrogen tank, the external hydrogen tank, and the external nitrogen tank;

[0025] A solenoid valve is configured at the connection of the external nitrogen tank with the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module;

[0026] A solenoid valve is arranged on the side of the outlet end inside the combined flow measurement module.

[0027] Specifically, temperature and pressure sensors are configured at the gas outlet ends of the external nitrogen tanks.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for using a hydrogen consumption measurement system of a fuel cell vehicle as mentioned in the first aspect. The method includes the following steps:

[0029] Control the on-vehicle hydrogen tank or the external hydrogen tank to sequentially supply hydrogen to the combined flow measurement module and the hydrogen refueling module;

[0030] After hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell vehicle through the hydrogen refueling module, record the hydrogen intake flow rate counted by the combined flow measurement module;

[0031] Control the external nitrogen tank to purge nitrogen gas through the pipelines at the inlet end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module;

[0032] Record the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate of the hydrogen flow module;

[0033] Based on the hydrogen intake flow rate and the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate, calculate the hydrogen consumption value of the fuel cell vehicle.

[0034] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the present application include:

[0035] The present application utilizes the preset hydrogen supply pipeline and nitrogen supply pipeline to perform pressure detection and pipeline purging actions during the hydrogen supply operation, and combines the hydrogen intake flow rate and the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate to conveniently and quickly obtain the hydrogen consumption to meet the measurement requirements during the hydrogen supply operation. Description of the Drawings

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen consumption measurement system of a fuel cell vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a working logic diagram of a hydrogen consumption measurement system of a fuel cell vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1. On-vehicle hydrogen tank; 2. External hydrogen tank; 3. Combined flow measurement module; 4. External nitrogen tank; 5. Waste discharge pipeline; 50. Hydrogen flow module; 6. Hydrogen refueling module. Detailed Embodiments

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] The following further elaborates on the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The embodiments of this application provide a hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle and its usage method. By using a preset hydrogen supply pipeline and nitrogen supply pipeline, pressure detection and pipeline purging operations are carried out during hydrogen supply work. Combined with the hydrogen intake flow rate and hydrogen waste discharge flow rate, the hydrogen consumption can be obtained conveniently and quickly to meet the measurement requirements during hydrogen supply work.

[0044] To achieve the above technical effects, the general idea of this application is as follows:

[0045] A hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle, the system includes:

[0046] On-vehicle hydrogen tank 1;

[0047] External hydrogen tank 2;

[0048] Combined flow measurement module 3, whose intake end is connected to the on-vehicle hydrogen tank 1 and the external hydrogen tank 2 through solenoid valves, and is used to measure the hydrogen intake flow rate;

[0049] External nitrogen tank 4, which is connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3 through a solenoid valve, and is used to purge nitrogen into the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0050] Waste discharge pipeline 5, which is connected to the pipelines corresponding to the intake end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0051] Hydrogen refueling module 6, which is used to be connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3 to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell vehicle; where

[0052] The waste discharge pipeline 5 is provided with a hydrogen flow module 50 at the connection with the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3, and it is used to measure the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate;

[0053] The hydrogen consumption value is equal to the hydrogen intake flow rate minus the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate.

[0054] The following further elaborates on the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] In a first aspect, referring to Figures 1-2 as shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle, the system comprising:

[0056] an on-vehicle hydrogen tank 1;

[0057] an external hydrogen tank 2;

[0058] a combined flow measurement module 3, whose intake end is communicated with the on-vehicle hydrogen tank 1 and the external hydrogen tank 2 through solenoid valves, for measuring the hydrogen intake flow rate;

[0059] an external nitrogen tank 4, which is communicated with the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3 through a solenoid valve, for purging nitrogen to the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0060] a waste discharge pipeline 5, which is communicated with the pipelines corresponding to the intake end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0061] a hydrogen refueling module 6, which is used to communicate with the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3 to supply gas to the fuel cell vehicle; wherein,

[0062] a hydrogen flow module 50 is provided at the connection of the waste discharge pipeline 5 with the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3, which is used to measure the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate;

[0063] the hydrogen consumption value is equal to the hydrogen intake flow rate minus the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate.

[0064] It should be noted that FCEV, that is, a fuel cell electric vehicle, is fully called Fuel Cell ElectdcVehicle in English;

[0065] Vehicles using a fuel cell system as a power source or the main power source include the following types:

[0066] a full-power fuel cell electric vehicle in which the fuel cell system can directly output electric power to drive the vehicle motor and meet all the power required for vehicle driving;

[0067] a range-extended fuel cell electric vehicle in which the fuel cell system can only generate electricity and store it in the power battery, and then the power battery drives the vehicle motor.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, by using a preset hydrogen supply pipeline and nitrogen supply pipeline, pressure detection and pipeline purging actions are carried out during the hydrogen supply operation, combined with the hydrogen intake flow rate and the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate, to conveniently and quickly obtain the hydrogen consumption to meet the measurement requirements during the hydrogen supply operation.

[0069] Specifically, the combined flow measurement module 3 includes multiple flow measurement branches constructed by flow meters with different flow rate levels;

[0070] Both ends of each of the flow measurement branches are respectively communicated with the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0071] A parallel mode is adopted among the flow measurement branches.

[0072] Specifically, the hydrogen flow module 50 includes hydrogen flow meters with different ranges connected in parallel with each other.

[0073] Specifically, the hydrogenation module 6 includes hydrogenation guns or hydrogen supply connectors adapted to different hydrogenation port specifications and connected in parallel with each other.

[0074] Specifically, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged on both the side close to the air inlet end and the side close to the air outlet end inside the combined flow measurement module 3.

[0075] Specifically, an overpressure valve is arranged on the passage of the waste discharge pipeline 5 communicating with the air inlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3.

[0076] Specifically, a solenoid valve and an overpressure valve are arranged in parallel at the connection of the pipeline corresponding to the air outlet end of the hydrogen flow module 50 and the combined flow measurement module 3.

[0077] Specifically, solenoid valves are arranged at the air outlet ends of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen tank 1, the external hydrogen tank 2, and the external nitrogen tank 4;

[0078] A solenoid valve is arranged at the connection of the external nitrogen tank 4 and the air outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0079] A solenoid valve is arranged on the side of the combined flow measurement module 3 inside the air outlet end.

[0080] Specifically, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged at the air outlet ends of the external nitrogen tank 4.

[0081] As shown in the attached drawings of the specification Figure 1 Based on the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a specific implementation example is given as follows:

[0082] First, the No. 1 pipeline is a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply pipeline, including the E-1 vehicle-mounted hydrogen tank, the V-2 solenoid valve, the I-2 temperature and pressure sensor, the combined flow measurement module, the I-10 temperature and pressure sensor, the T1 infrared communication module, the V6 solenoid valve, and the hydrogenation module; among them,

[0083] The combined flow measurement module includes V-3\V-4\V-5 and the corresponding I-7\I-8\I-9;

[0084] The hydrogenation module includes V-8, V-9, V-10 and the corresponding V-11, V-12, V-13.

[0085] Second, the No. 2 pipeline is the hydrogen supply pipeline for the external hydrogen tank, including the E-2 external hydrogen tank, V-1 solenoid valve, I-2 temperature and pressure sensor, combined flow measurement module, I-10 temperature and pressure sensor, T1 infrared communication module, V6 solenoid valve and hydrogenation module; among them,

[0086] The combined flow measurement module includes V-3, V-4, V-5 and the corresponding I-7, I-8, I-9;

[0087] The hydrogenation module includes V-8, V-9, V-10 and the corresponding V-11, V-12, V-13.

[0088] Third, the No. 3 purge pipeline is the nitrogen purge pipeline, including the V-14 branch solenoid valve, V-19 overpressure valve, branch V-15 solenoid valve, V-16 solenoid valve, V-18 overpressure valve, I-16 hydrogen flowmeter and I-17 hydrogen flowmeter, which are connected to the No. 1 pipeline and the No. 2 pipeline through a switching valve to achieve the purge function; among them,

[0089] The measuring ranges of the I-16 hydrogen flowmeter and the I-17 hydrogen flowmeter are different.

[0090] Fourth, the No. 4 waste discharge pipeline has the functions of overpressure hydrogen discharge and purge waste discharge, including the V-19 overpressure valve, V-18 overpressure valve, V-16 solenoid valve, I-16 hydrogen flowmeter and I-17 hydrogen flowmeter, which are used to discharge and measure the excess hydrogen and purge nitrogen; among them,

[0091] The measuring ranges of the I-16 hydrogen flowmeter and the I-17 hydrogen flowmeter are different.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, through the V19 overpressure valve and the V18 overpressure valve, the overpressure valve pressure relief mode can be executed, and there is a No. 4 waste discharge pipeline, which can avoid the problems of untimely pressure change in the conventional steady-state hydrogen supply system and easy damage to the components of the hydrogen system when the pressure is too high.

[0093] Fifth, the combined flow measurement module includes 3 solenoid valves V-3, V-4, V-5 and venturi tube flowmeters I-7, I-8, I-9 with three different flow levels; among them,

[0094] Taking the flow ranges of levels 1, 3, and 5 as an example, through the combined switch of the three solenoid valves, the rapid switching of 7 flow ranges of 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 can be realized;

[0095] For the previous cases, it can achieve a rapid response in a wide flow range while supplying hydrogen and measuring the flow.

[0096] Sixth, a hydrogenation module, which includes solenoid valves V-8, V-9, V-10 and corresponding hydrogenation guns V-11, V-12 and hydrogen supply connector V-13;

[0097] The hydrogenation gun or the hydrogen supply connector can be selected according to different vehicle hydrogen filling port specifications and usage modes.

[0098] Based on the above technical structure and technical features, multiple functions can be realized, and the specific situations are as follows:

[0099] First, perform combined flow measurement:

[0100] Three-way solenoid valves V-3, V-4, V-5 correspond to Venturi tubes I-7, I-8, I-9 with three different flow ranges;

[0101] By reading the hydrogen consumption set value of the vehicle communication module through the data processing module, controlling the permutations and combinations of the opening and closing of the three solenoid valves V-3, V-4, V-5, a wide-range flow measurement function from level 1 to level 9 is realized.

[0102] It should be noted that the combined flow measurement module consists of three solenoid valves V-3, V-4, V-5 and Venturi tube flow meters I-7, I-8, I-9 with three different flow levels;

[0103] Taking the flow rate ranges of levels 1, 3, and 5 as an example, seven flow rate ranges of 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 can be quickly switched through the combined switch of the three solenoid valves;

[0104] For previous cases, a fast response in a wide flow range can be achieved while supplying hydrogen and measuring the flow rate.

[0105] Second, execute the on-vehicle hydrogen tank mode:

[0106] Use the E-1 on-vehicle hydrogen tank to supply hydrogen;

[0107] The system is connected in series between the on-vehicle hydrogen tank in the vehicle and the in-vehicle hydrogen supply pipeline for actual measurement of hydrogen consumption;

[0108] After disconnecting the in-vehicle hydrogen supply pipeline, the E-1 on-vehicle hydrogen tank is connected to the system, and the V-13 hydrogen supply connector is connected to the fuel cell hydrogen supply pipeline to form a hydrogen supply loop with V-2 and the No. 2 pipeline;

[0109] When the vehicle is undergoing a chassis dynamometer driving test, hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell system through opening the solenoid valves V-2 to the combined flow measurement module to V-6, V-10 and measuring the hydrogen flow rate data through the V-13 hydrogen supply connector; among them,

[0110] The combined flow measurement module is V-3, V-4, V-5 and the corresponding Venturi tubes I-7, I-8, I-9.

[0111] Third, execute the external hydrogen tank mode:

[0112] Use the E-2 external hydrogen tank to supply hydrogen. By opening the solenoid valves from V-1 to the combined flow measurement module to V-6, select the V-11 or V-12 hydrogen filling gun corresponding to the V-9 or V-6 solenoid valve to access the hydrogen filling port of the fuel cell vehicle to supply hydrogen and measure the hydrogen flow data;

[0113] In this mode, if the hydrogen supply pressure is greater than the vehicle's required pressure in real time and the pressure difference exceeds a certain threshold. The excess hydrogen will pass through the V-18 overpressure valve, through the flow meters I-16 / I-17, and be discharged into the atmosphere through the waste discharge pipeline; among them,

[0114] The combined flow measurement module, namely V-3\V-4\V-5 and the corresponding Venturi tubes I-7\I-8\I-9;

[0115] The V-12 hydrogen filling gun can be configured with different hydrogen filling gun regulations;

[0116] The flow range of the flow meters I-16 / I-17 can be configured according to actual needs;

[0117] In this mode, the temperature and pressure sensor I-2 monitors the temperature and pressure in the pipeline, and the temperature and pressure sensor I-10 monitors the temperature and pressure at the hydrogen filling port, and transmits them to the data processing module. The data processing module uses the infrared communication module T1 to communicate the temperature and pressure data with the vehicle for the safety monitoring of the in-vehicle system.

[0118] Fourth, execute the purging and waste discharge mode:

[0119] There are two hydrogen leakage monitoring sensors H1\H2 designed inside the system. When the system monitors that the hydrogen leakage value exceeds the threshold, or when the system receives the purging system instruction, it is executed manually or automatically by the program after the test ends. The data processing system controls the system to close the hydrogen source and enter the purging and waste discharge mode;

[0120] The valves V-1\V-2\V-8\V-9\V-10 on the hydrogen supply pipeline in the system are closed;

[0121] The valves V-3\V-4\V-5\V-6\V-14\V-15\V-16 on the waste discharge and purging pipelines are opened;

[0122] The E3 nitrogen cylinder purges and discharges the waste of the system through the 3 purging pipelines and the 4 waste discharge pipelines.

[0123] Fifth, execute the hydrogen flow pre-reading:

[0124] In the two hydrogen supply modes, the data processing system will read the pre-set hydrogen consumption in the vehicle from the vehicle communication module, which comes from the vehicle speed, power, and hydrogen consumption data model obtained from the test;

[0125] According to the preset hydrogen consumption value, judge the solenoid valve switch combination in the combined flow measurement module, and turn on the corresponding one or several Venturi tube flowmeters to achieve dynamic and rapid actual measurement and hydrogen supply of wide-range hydrogen consumption;

[0126] Avoid the problems of slow flow rate change, untimely change of measurement range, and low accuracy in large-range measurement in the previous steady-state hydrogen supply system.

[0127] Sixth, if the hydrogen flow rate measured by the combined flow measurement module is Q1, and the waste discharge flow rate measured by the hydrogen flowmeter I-16 / I-17 is recorded as Q2, then in this mode, the actual hydrogen flow rate Q3 = Q1 - Q2.

[0128] Among them, the hydrogen consumption CH2 can be converted to the hydrogen consumption per 100 kilometers CH2 kg / 100km:

[0129]

[0130] In the formula: CH2 - hydrogen consumption per 100 kilometers, unit: kg / 100km, rounded to 2 decimal places;

[0131] mTH - the actual measured hydrogen consumption in the test, unit: g;

[0132] DT - the actual driving distance of the vehicle in the test, unit: km.

[0133] It should be noted that based on the above structural basis, the following technical advantages can exist:

[0134] Data communication can be carried out with the vehicle through the data processing module. After reading the hydrogen consumption set value in the vehicle, through the solenoid valve switching combination of multiple Venturi tube flowmeters with different flow specifications, dynamic and rapid response of hydrogen supply and actual measurement of hydrogen flow rate can be achieved;

[0135] It has overpressure monitoring, overpressure hydrogen discharge, exhaust gas discharge, and pipeline safety purging functions, and compensates for hydrogen consumption through the overpressure hydrogen discharge flow rate;

[0136] Under the control of the data processing module, it has monitoring communication and protection functions such as pressure, temperature, infrared communication, and hydrogen leakage.

[0137] In the second aspect, based on the technical basis of the hydrogen consumption measurement system of the fuel cell vehicle mentioned in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a method for using the hydrogen consumption measurement system of the fuel cell vehicle is provided, and the method includes the following steps:

[0138] Control the on-vehicle hydrogen tank 1 or the external hydrogen tank 2 to supply hydrogen to the combined flow measurement module 3 and the hydrogen refueling module 6 in sequence;

[0139] After the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell vehicle through the hydrogenation module 6, record the hydrogen intake flow rate counted by the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0140] Control the external nitrogen tank 4 to purge nitrogen gas through the pipelines at the inlet end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0141] Record the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate of the hydrogen flow module 50;

[0142] Based on the hydrogen intake flow rate and the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate, calculate the hydrogen consumption value of the fuel cell vehicle.

[0143] In the embodiments of the present application, by using the preset hydrogen supply pipeline and nitrogen supply pipeline, pressure detection and pipeline purging actions are carried out during the hydrogen supply work, combined with the hydrogen intake flow rate and the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate, to conveniently and quickly obtain the hydrogen consumption to meet the measurement requirements in the hydrogen supply work.

[0144] It should be noted that the hydrogen consumption measurement system of a fuel cell vehicle based on the embodiments of the present application includes:

[0145] On-vehicle hydrogen tank 1;

[0146] External hydrogen tank 2;

[0147] Combined flow measurement module 3, whose inlet end is connected to the on-vehicle hydrogen tank 1 and the external hydrogen tank 2 through solenoid valves, and is used to measure the hydrogen intake flow rate;

[0148] External nitrogen tank 4, which is connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3 through a solenoid valve, and is used to purge nitrogen gas through the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0149] Waste discharge pipeline 5, which is connected to the pipelines corresponding to the inlet end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0150] Hydrogenation module 6, which is used to be connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3 to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell vehicle; where

[0151] The waste discharge pipeline 5 is provided with a hydrogen flow module 50 at the connection with the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3, which is used to measure the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate;

[0152] The hydrogen consumption value is equal to the hydrogen intake flow rate minus the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate.

[0153] It should be noted that FCEV, that is, fuel cell electric vehicle, is fully called Fuel Cell ElectdcVehicle in English;

[0154] Vehicles with a fuel cell system as the power source or the main power source include the following types:

[0155] A full-power fuel cell electric vehicle in which the fuel cell system can directly output electric power to drive the vehicle motor and meet all the power required for vehicle driving;

[0156] An extended-range fuel cell electric vehicle in which the fuel cell system can only generate electricity and store it in the power battery, and then the power battery drives the vehicle motor.

[0157] Specifically, the combined flow measurement module 3 includes multiple flow measurement branches constructed by flow meters of different flow levels;

[0158] Both ends of each of the flow measurement branches are respectively communicated with the intake end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0159] A parallel mode is adopted among the flow measurement branches.

[0160] Specifically, the hydrogen flow module 50 includes hydrogen flow meters of different ranges connected in parallel with each other.

[0161] Specifically, the hydrogen refueling module 6 includes hydrogen refueling guns or hydrogen supply connectors adapted to different hydrogen refueling port specifications and connected in parallel with each other.

[0162] Specifically, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged on both the side close to the intake end and the side close to the outlet end inside the combined flow measurement module 3.

[0163] Specifically, an overpressure valve is arranged on the waste discharge pipeline 5 on the path communicating with the intake end of the combined flow measurement module 3.

[0164] Specifically, a solenoid valve and an overpressure valve are arranged in parallel at the connection of the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the hydrogen flow module 50 and the combined flow measurement module 3.

[0165] Specifically, solenoid valves are arranged at the outlet ends of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen tank 1, the external hydrogen tank 2 and the external nitrogen tank 4;

[0166] A solenoid valve is arranged at the connection of the external nitrogen tank 4 and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module 3;

[0167] A solenoid valve is arranged on the side of the combined flow measurement module 3 close to the outlet end inside.

[0168] Specifically, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged at the outlet ends of the external nitrogen tank 4.

[0169] As shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification Figure 1 Based on the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a specific actual embodiment is given, and the specific situation is as follows:

[0170] First, Pipeline No. 1 is the in-vehicle hydrogen supply pipeline, including E-1 in-vehicle hydrogen tank, V-2 solenoid valve, I-2 temperature and pressure sensor, combined flow measurement module, I-10 temperature and pressure sensor, T1 infrared communication module, V6 solenoid valve, and hydrogenation module; among them,

[0171] The combined flow measurement module includes V-3, V-4, V-5 and corresponding I-7, I-8, I-9;

[0172] The hydrogenation module includes V-8, V-9, V-10 and corresponding V-11, V-12, V-13.

[0173] Second, Pipeline No. 2 is the external hydrogen tank hydrogen supply pipeline, including E-2 external hydrogen tank, V-1 solenoid valve, I-2 temperature and pressure sensor, combined flow measurement module, I-10 temperature and pressure sensor, T1 infrared communication module, V6 solenoid valve, and hydrogenation module; among them,

[0174] The combined flow measurement module includes V-3, V-4, V-5 and corresponding I-7, I-8, I-9;

[0175] The hydrogenation module includes V-8, V-9, V-10 and corresponding V-11, V-12, V-13.

[0176] Third, Pipeline No. 3 is the nitrogen purge pipeline, including V-14 branch solenoid valve, V-19 overpressure valve, branch V-15 solenoid valve, V-16 solenoid valve, V-18 overpressure valve, I-16 hydrogen flowmeter, and I-17 hydrogen flowmeter, which are connected to Pipeline No. 1 and Pipeline No. 2 through a switching valve to achieve the purge function; among them,

[0177] The ranges of I-16 hydrogen flowmeter and I-17 hydrogen flowmeter are different.

[0178] Fourth, Pipeline No. 4 has functions of overpressure hydrogen discharge and purge waste discharge, including V-19 overpressure valve, V-18 overpressure valve, V-16 solenoid valve, I-16 hydrogen flowmeter, and I-17 hydrogen flowmeter, which are used to discharge and measure excess hydrogen and purge nitrogen; among them,

[0179] The ranges of I-16 hydrogen flowmeter and I-17 hydrogen flowmeter are different.

[0180] In the embodiment of the present application, through the V19 overpressure valve and the V18 overpressure valve, the overpressure valve pressure relief mode can be executed, and there is a Pipeline No. 4 for waste discharge, which can avoid the problems that the pressure change of the conventional steady-state hydrogen supply system is not timely and the hydrogen system components are easily damaged when the pressure is too high.

[0181] Fifth, the combined flow measurement module, which includes three solenoid valves V-3, V-4, and V-5, and Venturi tube flowmeters I-7, I-8, and I-9 with three different flow rate levels; among them,

[0182] Taking the flow rate ranges of levels 1, 3, and 5 as an example, through the combined switch of the three solenoid valves, rapid switching of a total of 7 flow rate ranges, namely 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9, can be achieved;

[0183] For previous cases, rapid response within a wide flow rate range during hydrogen supply and flow measurement can be achieved.

[0184] Sixth, the hydrogenation module, which includes solenoid valves V-8, V-9, and V-10, and the corresponding hydrogenation guns V-11, V-12, and hydrogen supply connector V-13;

[0185] The hydrogenation gun or hydrogen supply connector can be selected according to different vehicle hydrogen filling port specifications and usage modes.

[0186] Based on the above technical structure and technical features, multiple functions can be achieved, and the specific situations are as follows:

[0187] First, perform combined flow measurement:

[0188] The three-way solenoid valves V-3, V-4, and V-5 correspond to the Venturi tubes with three different flow rate ranges, I-7, I-8, and I-9;

[0189] By reading the set value of hydrogen consumption of the vehicle communication module through the data processing module, controlling the permutations and combinations of the opening and closing of the three solenoid valves V-3, V-4, and V-5, a wide range of flow measurement functions from level 1 to level 9 can be achieved.

[0190] It should be noted that the combined flow measurement module consists of three solenoid valves V-3, V-4, and V-5 and Venturi tube flowmeters I-7, I-8, and I-9 with three different flow rate levels;

[0191] Taking the flow rate ranges of levels 1, 3, and 5 as an example, through the combined switch of the three solenoid valves, rapid switching of a total of 7 flow rate ranges, namely 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9, can be achieved;

[0192] For previous cases, rapid response within a wide flow rate range during hydrogen supply and flow measurement can be achieved.

[0193] Second, execute the on-vehicle hydrogen tank mode:

[0194] Use the on-vehicle hydrogen tank E-1 for hydrogen supply;

[0195] The system is connected in series between the on-vehicle hydrogen tank in the vehicle and the in-vehicle hydrogen supply pipeline for actual measurement of hydrogen consumption;

[0196] After disconnecting the in-vehicle hydrogen supply pipeline, the E-1 on-vehicle hydrogen tank is connected to the system, and the V-13 hydrogen supply connector is connected to the fuel cell hydrogen supply pipeline, forming a hydrogen supply loop with V-2 and the No. 2 pipeline;

[0197] When the vehicle is undergoing a chassis dynamometer driving test, by opening the V-2 to the combined flow measurement module to the V-6 solenoid valve, the V-10 solenoid valve, the hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell system through the V-13 hydrogen supply connector and the hydrogen flow data is measured; among them,

[0198] The combined flow measurement module is V-3\V-4\V-5 and the corresponding Venturi tubes I-7\I-8\I-9.

[0199] Third, execute the external hydrogen tank mode:

[0200] Use the E-2 external hydrogen tank to supply hydrogen. By opening the V-1 to the combined flow measurement module to the V-6 solenoid valve, select the V-11 or V-12 hydrogen filling gun corresponding to the V-9 solenoid valve or V-6 solenoid valve to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen filling port of the fuel cell vehicle and measure the hydrogen flow data;

[0201] In this mode, if the hydrogen supply pressure is always greater than the vehicle's required pressure and the pressure difference exceeds a certain threshold. The excess hydrogen will be discharged to the atmosphere through the V-18 overpressure valve through the flow meters I-16 / I-17 via the waste discharge pipeline; among them,

[0202] The combined flow measurement module is V-3\V-4\V-5 and the corresponding Venturi tubes I-7\I-8\I-9;

[0203] The V-12 hydrogen filling gun can be configured with different hydrogen filling gun regulations;

[0204] The flow range of the flow meters I-16 / I-17 can be configured according to actual needs;

[0205] In this mode, the temperature and pressure sensor I-2 monitors the temperature and pressure in the pipeline, and the temperature and pressure sensor I-10 monitors the temperature and pressure at the hydrogen filling port, and transmits them to the data processing module. The data processing module communicates with the vehicle through the infrared communication module T1 to use the temperature and pressure data for the safety monitoring of the in-vehicle system.

[0206] Fourth, execute the purging and waste discharge mode:

[0207] Two hydrogen leakage monitoring sensors H1\H2 are designed inside the system. When the system monitors that the hydrogen leakage value exceeds the threshold, or when the system receives the purging system instruction, it is manually executed or automatically executed by the program after the test ends. The data processing system controls the system to close the hydrogen source and enter the purging and waste discharge mode;

[0208] The V-1\V-2\V-8\V-9\V-10 valves on the hydrogen supply pipeline in the system are closed;

[0209] Open valves V-3, V-4, V-5, V-6, V-14, V-15, and V-16 on the waste discharge and purging pipelines;

[0210] The nitrogen cylinder of E3 purges and discharges waste from the system through the 3 purging pipeline and the 4 waste discharge pipeline.

[0211] Fifth, perform hydrogen flow pre-reading:

[0212] In the two hydrogen supply modes, the data processing system reads the pre-set hydrogen consumption in the vehicle from the vehicle communication module, which comes from the vehicle speed, power, and hydrogen consumption data model obtained from the test;

[0213] According to the pre-set hydrogen consumption value, judge the solenoid valve switch combination in the combined flow measurement module, and open the corresponding one or several venturi tube flow meters to achieve dynamic and rapid actual measurement and hydrogen supply of wide-range hydrogen consumption;

[0214] Avoid the problems of slow flow rate change, untimely change of measurement range, and low accuracy in large-range measurement in the previous steady-state hydrogen supply system.

[0215] Sixth, if the hydrogen flow measured by the combined flow measurement module is Q1 and the waste discharge flow measured by the hydrogen flow meters I-16 / I-17 is recorded as Q2, then in this mode, the actual hydrogen flow Q3 = Q1 - Q2.

[0216] Among them, the hydrogen consumption CH2 can be converted to the hydrogen consumption per 100 kilometers CH2 kg / 100km:

[0217]

[0218] In the formula: CH2 - hydrogen consumption per 100 kilometers, unit: kg / 100km, rounded to 2 decimal places;

[0219] mTH - the actual measured hydrogen consumption in the test, unit: g;

[0220] DT - the actual driving distance of the vehicle in the test, unit: km.

[0221] It should be noted that based on the above structural basis, the following technical advantages can exist:

[0222] It can communicate with the vehicle through the data processing module, and after reading the hydrogen consumption set value in the vehicle, through the solenoid valve switching combination of multiple venturi tube flow meters with different flow specifications, it can achieve dynamic and rapid response of hydrogen supply and actual measurement of hydrogen flow;

[0223] It has overpressure monitoring, overpressure hydrogen discharge, exhaust gas discharge, and pipeline safety purging functions, and compensates for hydrogen consumption through the overpressure hydrogen discharge flow;

[0224] Under the control of the data processing module, it has functions such as monitoring communication and protection for pressure, temperature, infrared communication, hydrogen leakage, etc.

[0225] It should be noted that in this application, relative terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0226] The above are only specific implementation manners of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that, the system includes: an on-vehicle hydrogen tank (1); an external hydrogen tank (2); a combined flow measurement module (3), whose intake end is connected to the on-vehicle hydrogen tank (1) and the external hydrogen tank (2) through solenoid valves, and is used to measure the hydrogen intake flow rate; an external nitrogen tank (4), which is connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3) through a solenoid valve, and is used to purge nitrogen into the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3); a waste discharge pipeline (5), which is connected to the pipelines corresponding to the intake end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3); a hydrogen refueling module (6), which is used to be connected to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3) to supply gas to the fuel cell vehicle; wherein, a hydrogen flow module (50) is arranged at the connection of the waste discharge pipeline (5) and the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3), and is used to measure the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate, and the hydrogen consumption value is equal to the hydrogen intake flow rate minus the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate; the combined flow measurement module (3) includes multiple flow measurement branches constructed by flow meters with different flow rate levels, and both ends of each flow measurement branch are respectively connected to the intake end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3); a parallel mode is adopted among the flow measurement branches, and solenoid valves are arranged at the outlet ends of the on-vehicle hydrogen tank (1), the external hydrogen tank (2) and the external nitrogen tank (4); a solenoid valve is arranged at the connection of the external nitrogen tank (4) and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3); a solenoid valve is arranged inside the combined flow measurement module (3) on the side of the outlet end.

2. The hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen flow module (50) includes hydrogen flow meters with different ranges connected in parallel with each other.

3. The hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen refueling module (6) includes hydrogen refueling guns or hydrogen supply connectors adapted to different hydrogen refueling port specifications and connected in parallel with each other.

4. The hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: temperature and pressure sensors are arranged inside the combined flow measurement module (3) on both the side close to the intake end and the side close to the outlet end.

5. The hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: an overpressure valve is arranged on the passage of the waste discharge pipeline (5) connected to the intake end of the combined flow measurement module (3).

6. The hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: a solenoid valve and an overpressure valve are arranged in parallel at the connection of the hydrogen flow module (50) and the pipeline corresponding to the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3).

7. The hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: temperature and pressure sensors are arranged at the outlet ends of the external nitrogen tank (4).

8. A method for using the hydrogen consumption measurement system for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Controlling an in-vehicle hydrogen tank (1) or an external hydrogen tank (2) to sequentially supply hydrogen to a combined flow measurement module (3) and a hydrogen refueling module (6); After supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell vehicle through the hydrogen refueling module (6), recording the hydrogen intake flow rate counted by the combined flow measurement module (3); Controlling an external nitrogen tank (4) to purge nitrogen gas through the pipelines at the intake end and the outlet end of the combined flow measurement module (3); Recording the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate of a hydrogen flow rate module (50); Calculating the hydrogen consumption value of the fuel cell vehicle based on the hydrogen intake flow rate and the hydrogen waste discharge flow rate.

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