X-band high-efficiency wave-absorbing composite material based on dispersive material and resin

Abstract

An X-band high-efficiency absorber based on dispersive materials and resin belongs to the field of electromagnetic absorbing materials technology. The absorber consists of an N-layer structure, each layer being a combination of two fiber-reinforced laminates. The first fiber-reinforced laminate is a cross-shaped fiber laminate, with a square cross-section of the base portion having a side length of w, made of resin. The fiber portion has a cross-shaped cross-section, and the width of the fiber in the i-th layer is x. i Another type of fiber-reinforced laminate is an X-shaped fiber laminate. The base portion has a square cross-section with a side length of w, and is made of resin. The fiber portion is obtained by rotating the fiber portion of a cross-shaped fiber laminate around its center by 45°. The high-efficiency absorber proposed in this invention, based on dispersive materials as fibers and resin as a substrate, can achieve electromagnetic wave attenuation of over -20dB in the X-band (8GHz-12GHz) through excellent design. It achieves the absorption effect by converting electromagnetic energy into heat energy through dielectric loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic absorbing materials technology, and in particular to reinforced composite materials based on dispersive materials as fibers and their design. Existing technology

[0002] The most commonly used microwave absorbing materials in the industry are composite materials reinforced with carbon-based particles or discontinuous fibers. However, the uniform mixing of these composite materials with the substrate is relatively difficult to control, making it challenging to achieve microwave absorption over a wide frequency range. Furthermore, the randomness and discontinuity of the reinforcing material arrangement in these composite materials prevents pre-design of material properties to achieve optimal microwave absorption characteristics. Secondly, the inability of the reinforcing materials to enhance the mechanical strength of these composite materials in different directions results in insufficient structural strength, reducing their practicality. Additionally, the complex manufacturing process and poor uniformity of these composite materials lead to difficulties in quality control.

[0003] In summary, the problems with existing technologies are:

[0004] (1) The manufacturing of microwave absorbing materials requires high precision, but the quality control of microwave absorbing materials is currently difficult and the production process is relatively complex.

[0005] (2) Existing composite materials are discontinuous, making it impossible to pre-design them to achieve good microwave absorption performance.

[0006] (3) Existing composite materials still lack structural strength after being made into finished products, which reduces their practicality.

[0007] Purpose of the invention

[0008] In recent years, electromagnetic pollution, electromagnetic interference, and information leakage have become major factors to consider when designing modern scientific electronic instruments, antenna systems, and military electronic equipment. Therefore, research on highly efficient electromagnetic shielding materials and effective electromagnetic absorbing materials has received widespread attention. Among these, ceramic materials, such as SiC, Al2O3, and MgO, are widely used as electromagnetic absorbing materials due to their excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties.

[0009] The purpose of this patent is to propose a lightweight, mechanically sound, and easily manufactured high-efficiency microwave absorber, thereby addressing a series of problems encountered in the prior art. The absorbing material is composed of multiple layers of fiber-reinforced laminates, each consisting of continuous fibers arranged in a specific pattern embedded in a substrate material. The fibers serve two purposes: enhancing the structural strength of the absorber and achieving a specific microwave absorption effect together with the substrate. This structural design easily meets mechanical and chemical requirements, and by determining a set of design parameters without altering the structural design, a good microwave absorption effect can be achieved.

[0010] The structure of the invention:

[0011] The absorber consists of an N-layer structure, with the bottom layer being the first layer and the top layer being the Nth layer.

[0012] Each layer of the structure is obtained by combining two types of fiber-reinforced laminates. The first type of fiber-reinforced laminate is a cross-shaped fiber laminate, with a square cross-section of the base portion having a side length of w, made of resin, and a cross-shaped cross-section of the fiber portion, with the width of the fiber in the i-th layer being x. i Another type of fiber-reinforced laminate is an X-shaped fiber laminate, with a square cross-section of the base portion and a side length of w. The material used is resin, and the fiber portion is obtained by rotating the fiber portion of the cross-shaped fiber laminate around the center by 45°.

[0013] The absorber is composed of the two types of fiber laminates stacked together, with respect to the number of layers N and the thickness h of each layer. i Fiber width x i With appropriate optimization, the total thickness can meet engineering requirements, resulting in a high-efficiency absorber that satisfies the wave absorption requirements.

[0014] The high-efficiency absorber proposed in this invention, based on a dispersive material fiber and a resin substrate, can achieve electromagnetic wave attenuation of more than -20dB in the X-band (8GHz-12GHz) through good design. It achieves the absorption effect by converting electromagnetic energy into heat energy through dielectric loss. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an overall structural design diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 These are the top view and front view of the cross-shaped fiber laminate in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 These are the top view and front view of the X-shaped fiber laminate in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4This is a graph showing the real part of the dielectric constant of the dispersive fiber used in this embodiment of the invention when the fiber axis is perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the dielectric loss tangent of the dispersive fiber used in this embodiment of the invention when the fiber axis is perpendicular to the electric field direction.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the real part of the dielectric constant of the dispersive fiber used in this embodiment of the invention when the fiber axis is parallel to the direction of the electric field.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the dielectric loss tangent of the dispersive fiber used in this embodiment of the invention when the fiber axis is parallel to the direction of the electric field.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reflectivity of a high-efficiency absorber in the X-band based on a dispersive material fiber and a resin substrate, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Implementation Examples

[0024] The following are real test data obtained through laboratory measurements, illustrating the microwave absorption performance of a high-efficiency absorber based on dispersive material fibers and resin substrate in the X-band (8GHz-12GHz).

[0025] A high-efficiency absorber was designed with the following layers: the first layer is 0.63 mm thick and the fiber width is 3.10 mm; the second layer is 0.81 mm thick and the fiber width is 3.26 mm; the third layer is 0.4 mm thick and the fiber width is 3.16 mm; the fourth layer is 0.4 mm thick and the fiber width is 3.16 mm; the fifth layer is 0.81 mm thick and the fiber width is 3.26 mm; and the sixth layer is 0.63 mm thick and the fiber width is 3.10 mm.

[0026] For the aforementioned absorber, the electromagnetic wave used in the test was a plane wave with perpendicular incidence, the electric field polarization direction was x-polarization, and the frequency range was selected as the X-band (8GHz-12GHz).

[0027] The absorption effect diagram of the above-mentioned high-efficiency absorber is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the reflectivity of electromagnetic waves is below -20dB across the entire frequency range. This means the proportion of incident electromagnetic wave energy reflected from the composite material surface is close to 0% and can be ignored. Electromagnetic energy attenuates to nearly 100% at the composite material surface through absorption.

[0028] The results show that a composite material with dispersive material as fiber and resin as matrix has excellent absorption effect on electromagnetic waves in the X-band (8GHz-12GHz).

[0029] In this invention, the absorber using dispersive material as fiber and resin as substrate exhibits excellent microwave absorption in the X-band. Furthermore, the experimental results in the embodiments fully demonstrate the correctness of the design method in this invention patent.

Claims

1. A X-band high-efficiency wave absorber based on dispersive material and resin, characterized by, The application relates to a wave absorber with a N-layer structure, wherein the bottom layer is the first layer and the top layer is the Nth layer; each layer structure is obtained by combining two kinds of fiber reinforced laminates; the first kind of fiber reinforced laminate is a cross-shaped fiber laminate, the cross section of the base part is a square with a side length of w, the material used is resin, the cross section of the fiber part is a cross shape, and the width of the fiber of the ith layer is xi; the other kind of fiber reinforced laminate is an X-shaped fiber laminate, the cross section of the base part is a square with a side length of w, the material used is resin, and the fiber part is obtained by rotating the fiber part in the cross-shaped fiber laminate by 45 degrees around the center; wherein the fiber reinforced laminate is composed of continuous fibers arranged in a specific form embedded in a base material, the fibers are used for reinforcing the structural strength of the wave absorber on one hand and for achieving a specific wave absorption effect together with the base on the other hand; the layer number N of the wave absorber, the thickness hi of each layer and the width xi of the fiber are obtained by optimization under the condition of meeting the wave absorption requirement; wherein the wave absorber is a 6-layer structure, the thickness of the first layer is 0.63 mm, the width of the fiber is 3.10 mm; the thickness of the second layer is 0.81 mm, the width of the fiber is 3.26 mm; the thickness of the third layer is 0.4 mm, the width of the fiber is 3.16 mm; the thickness of the fourth layer is 0.4 mm, the width of the fiber is 3.16 mm; the thickness of the fifth layer is 0.81 mm, the width of the fiber is 3.26 mm; and the thickness of the sixth layer is 0.63 mm, and the width of the fiber is 3.10 mm.

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