A stacking device

Abstract

This invention discloses a stacking device, comprising a movable carrying frame, a lifting frame, a lifting component, a translating frame, a primary translating component, a discharging component, a secondary translating component, and a tertiary translating component. The lifting frame is movably mounted on the movable carrying frame via the lifting component, and the lifting component drives the lifting frame to move vertically. The translating frame is movably mounted on the lifting frame via the primary translating component, and the primary translating component drives the translating frame to move horizontally. The secondary translating component has a carrying component, and the tertiary translating component is connected to the carrying component. The discharging component is connected to the carrying component of the secondary translating component via the tertiary translating component. The discharging component has a straight conveying channel. This stacking device can replace manual labor in lifting heavy items within a compartment, reducing worker labor intensity, improving operational safety, and increasing workload and efficiency. It is mobile and can be moved freely to an ideal position according to operational requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a stacking device. Background Technology

[0002] The biggest challenge in manually stacking / piling items inside train carriages and containers lies in lifting items to higher positions, especially when the items being stacked are large and regularly shaped. These items often weigh at or above the maximum load-bearing capacity of double-layer corrugated cardboard boxes according to national standards. Moving a single item often exceeds an individual's capacity, frequently requiring multiple people to work together to complete the stacking. Therefore, manual stacking operations are extremely labor-intensive and pose significant safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to lift heavy items mechanically inside a compartment, thereby obtaining a stacking device.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The stacking device includes a movable carrying frame, a lifting frame, a lifting component, a translating frame, a first-level translating component, a discharging component, a second-level translating component, and a third-level translating component. The movable carrying frame has a walking component at its bottom. The lifting frame is movably mounted on the movable carrying frame via the lifting component, and the lifting component drives the lifting frame to move vertically. The translating frame is movably mounted on the lifting frame via the first-level translating component, and the first-level translating component drives the translating frame to move horizontally. The second-level translating component... Both the primary and secondary translation components are mounted on the translation frame. The secondary translation component has a load-bearing component, and the tertiary translation component is connected to the load-bearing component. The discharge component is connected to the load-bearing component of the secondary translation component through the tertiary translation component. The discharge component has a straight conveying channel. The direction in which the secondary translation component drives the discharge component to move horizontally is parallel to the direction in which the translation frame moves horizontally relative to the lifting frame. The direction in which the tertiary translation component drives the discharge component to move horizontally and the extension direction of the conveying channel are both perpendicular to the direction in which the translation frame moves horizontally relative to the lifting frame.

[0005] The mobile loading frame is the main structure, with a walking component at its bottom. This walking component can use rollers, casters, or tracks, thus giving the mobile loading frame significant mobility, allowing the stacking device to be pushed. The mobile loading frame provides the support structure for the entire stacking device, and all other components are mounted on it. The lifting frame can move vertically along the mobile loading frame, thus forming the lifting action of the lifting frame, denoted as Y; the translating frame can move horizontally along the lifting frame, denoted as X; the discharge component, based on the secondary translating component, can move horizontally along the translating frame, denoted as X'; the discharge component, based on the tertiary translating component, can also move horizontally in another direction along the translating frame, denoted as Z. In this technical solution, directions X and X' are parallel and coincident, and therefore can be considered as the same coordinate axis in a coordinate system. Directions Y, X, and Z are perpendicular to each other, thus enabling the discharge component to move in a three-dimensional area. Simply put, with this technical solution, the worker only needs to place the item in a low position within the conveying channel, then the discharge component lifts the item to the target position, and finally the worker pushes the item out of the conveying channel. This process completely eliminates the need for manual lifting of the item.

[0006] The translation frame bears the entire weight of the discharge component and the secondary translation component. Since the secondary translation component can employ different structures, the translation frame can bear part or all of its weight. It should be clarified that the secondary translation component in this technical solution also includes a guide rod and a power assembly II. The guide rod is fixedly mounted on the translation frame, and the load is movably mounted on the guide rod in a sliding manner. The power assembly II has a power output section, which is connected to the load and drives the load's movement. The differences between various designs of the secondary translation component mainly stem from the structure of the power assembly II. For example, when the power assembly II uses integrated components such as cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, electric cylinders, or linear motors, the power output section of the power assembly II is close to the main body, so the power assembly II needs to be placed on the translation frame, thus the translation frame bears the entire weight of the secondary translation component.

[0007] The translation frame protrudes forward in the entire stacking device. The center of gravity of the stacking device is a crucial factor affecting the stability of the workstation. To bring the center of gravity closer to the movable loading frame, this technical solution preferably uses a structure where the translation frame bears the weight of all secondary translation components, with the secondary translation components evenly distributed across them rather than concentrated in a specific area. In this structure, the power assembly II includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, a drive shaft, a motor, and a reducer. The motor is connected to the reducer and mounted on the translation frame via the reducer. The synchronous belt is mounted on the drive shaft via pulleys. The drive shaft is movably mounted on the mounting frame and connected to the reducer. The synchronous belt is fixedly connected to the loading component. The extension direction of the drive shaft is perpendicular to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame relative to the lifting frame. The motor and reducer are both located on the end of the translation frame connected to the lifting frame. The heaviest components in power assembly II, the motor and reducer, are positioned at the rear to maintain the center of gravity of the stacking device at a reasonable position. In addition, the connection between the drive shaft and the reducer can be based on a direct connection or an indirect connection, depending on the availability of space. If there is enough space, the drive shaft is directly connected to the reducer. If space is limited, an auxiliary shaft can be added between the drive shaft and the reducer to establish a connection. Once the connection is established, the drive shaft will rotate under the drive of the motor.

[0008] The translation frame also bears the weight of the three-stage translation components. Similarly, the three-stage translation components can adopt different designs, with the translation frame bearing the weight of all three stages. It should be clarified that the three-stage translation components in this technical solution include guide rails and power component III. The discharge component is mounted on the load via the guide rails. The power component III has a power output section, which is connected to the discharge component and drives its movement. The differences between the various designs of the three-stage translation components mainly stem from the structure of power component III. For example, when power component III uses integrated components such as cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, electric cylinders, or linear motors, the power output component of power component II is close to the main body. Therefore, power component III needs to be placed on the translation frame, thus the translation frame bears the weight of all three stages.

[0009] To keep the center of gravity of the stacking device closer to the movable carrying frame, this technical solution preferably uses a structure where the translation frame bears part of the weight of the three-stage translation components. In this structure, power assembly III includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, a splined shaft, a motor, and a reducer. The motor is connected to the reducer and is mounted on the translation frame via the reducer. The splined shaft is movably mounted on the translation frame. The synchronous belt is mounted on the carrying component via pulleys, one of which is movably connected to the splined shaft. The synchronous belt is fixedly connected to the discharge component. The splined shaft is connected to the reducer. Both the motor and the reducer are located on the translation frame at the end connected to the lifting frame. The heaviest components in power assembly III, the motor and reducer, are all positioned at the rear to facilitate maintaining the center of gravity of the stacking device at a reasonable position.

[0010] The items are placed in the conveying channel and need to be removed from the channel after reaching the predetermined position. The aforementioned solution requires manual pushing of the items to remove them from the conveying channel. This operation is highly flexible and can achieve ideal stacking results through manual operation, especially when the item's alignment with the predetermined position is not perfect, allowing for manual adjustment. However, this method still imposes a certain labor intensity on workers. To further reduce the labor intensity of workers, this invention provides a mechanical auxiliary structure for the item removal stage. Specifically, the stacking device includes a one-way pushing component, which is mounted on the load of the secondary translation component. The one-way pushing component includes a power component I and a linear pushing unit. The linear pushing unit includes a guide plate, a slide table, and a push plate. The guide plate is fixedly mounted on the load table, and the slide table is movably mounted on the load table in a linear sliding manner. The direction of movement of the slide table on the load table is parallel to the extension direction of the conveying channel. The push plate is movably mounted on the slide table and can swing on the slide table. The guide plate has a guide groove, and one end of the push plate is embedded in the guide groove. The guide groove includes a pushing and holding section and a lifting and guiding section, which are connected. The pushing and holding section is straight and extends parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The lifting and guiding section deviates from the extension direction of the pushing and holding section. The distance from the pushing and holding section to the lifting frame is greater than the distance from the lifting and guiding section to the lifting frame. The power assembly I has a power output section connected to the slide table, and the power assembly I drives the push plate to move. The movement range of the other end of the push plate intersects with the material conveying channel. The push plate of the unidirectional pushing component can maintain different spatial postures at different travel positions. Within the material conveying channel, the push plate maintains a vertical posture, and after leaving the material conveying channel, it maintains a horizontal posture. The posture change of the push plate relies on the design of a linear cam structure, that is, the entire linear pushing unit is a linear cam structure, and the movement change of the push plate is synchronized with its posture change. The flexible features of the push plate can be well coordinated with the operation stage of pushing the product into the conveying channel. When the product moves to the predetermined position and leaves the conveying channel, there is no need to push the item manually. The push plate only needs to restrain the item, and at the same time the discharge part leaves the predetermined position. In this way, the push plate moves relative to the discharge part in the conveying channel, and finally the item leaves the conveying channel.

[0011] The aforementioned unidirectional pushing component achieves the pushing function based on the structure of a linear cam. Alternatively, a pushing structure can be designed based on the idea of ​​a limiting structure blocking the pusher plate. In this structure, the stacking device also includes a unidirectional pushing component, which is mounted on the load of the secondary translation component. The unidirectional pushing component includes a power assembly I and a linear pushing unit. The linear pushing unit includes a guide plate, a slide table, and a pusher plate. The guide plate is fixedly mounted on the load, the slide table is movably mounted on the load in a linear sliding manner, and the pusher plate is movably mounted on the slide table and can swing on the slide table. The slide table has a limiting protrusion located within the movement range of one end of the pusher plate. The movement direction of the slide table on the load is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The power assembly I has a power output part, which is connected to the slide table, and the power assembly I drives the pusher plate to move. The movement range of the other end of the pusher plate intersects with the material conveying channel.

[0012] When the pusher plate swings relative to the slide table, its spatial orientation is constrained by the limiting protrusion, and this constraint is related to the swing direction of the pusher plate. In this invention, when the pusher plate swings towards the conveying channel, one end of the pusher plate moves further and further away from the limiting protrusion, and the spatial orientation of the end of the pusher plate extending into the conveying channel changes from a vertical orientation to a horizontal orientation, including an inclined orientation between the vertical and horizontal orientations. When the pusher plate swings away from the conveying channel, one end of the pusher plate contacts and is blocked by the limiting protrusion, and the pusher plate can only be in a vertical orientation. Thus, after the item is inserted into the conveying channel, it is not obstructed by the pusher plate. Subsequently, when the item and the pusher plate move relative to each other, the pusher plate will always maintain a vertical orientation, thereby realizing the unidirectional conveying function of the unidirectional pushing component.

[0013] The aforementioned unidirectional pushing component can also be implemented with the following structure: the stacking device includes a unidirectional pushing component, which is installed on the load of the secondary translation component. The unidirectional pushing component includes a power component I and a linear pushing unit. The linear pushing unit includes a guide plate, a slide table, and a push plate. The guide plate is fixedly installed on the load. The slide table is movably installed on the load in a linear sliding manner. The push plate is fixedly installed on the slide table in a vertical posture. The direction of movement of the slide table on the load is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The power component I is provided with a power output part, which is connected to the slide table, and the power component I drives the push plate to move. The range of movement of the push plate intersects with the material conveying channel.

[0014] The power assembly I also follows the design principle of maintaining the center of gravity of the stacking device in a reasonable position, so the following scheme is adopted: the power assembly I includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, a splined shaft, a motor, and a reducer. The motor is connected to the reducer and is mounted on the translation frame through the reducer. The splined shaft is movably mounted on the translation frame. The synchronous belt is mounted on the load through the pulleys, one of which is movably connected to the splined shaft. The synchronous belt is fixedly connected to the slide table. The splined shaft is connected to the reducer. The motor and the reducer are both located on the translation frame at the end connected to the lifting frame.

[0015] To reduce friction on the items within the conveying channel and facilitate their movement, the discharge component is equipped with rolling elements located at the bottom of the conveying channel. These rolling elements can be rollers or omnidirectional ball bearings.

[0016] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical solution: the stacking device can replace manual labor to complete the lifting of heavy items in the box, reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve the safety of operation, and also increase the workload and efficiency; it has the characteristics of mobility and can move freely, and can be moved to the ideal position according to the operation requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of a first embodiment of a stacking device according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of a first embodiment of a stacking device according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a right view of a first embodiment of a stacking device according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A three-dimensional representation of a stacking device according to the present invention. Figure I ;

[0022] Figure 5 A three-dimensional representation of a stacking device according to the present invention. Figure II ;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of a movable loading frame, a lifting frame, and a lifting component in a first embodiment of a stacking device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of a secondary translation component and a tertiary translation component in a first embodiment of a stacking device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8This is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a stacking device according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a second embodiment of the stacking device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the combination of a secondary translation component, a tertiary translation component, and a unidirectional pushing component in a second embodiment of a stacking device of the present invention. Figure I ;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the combination of a secondary translation component, a tertiary translation component, and a unidirectional pushing component in a second embodiment of a stacking device of the present invention. Figure II ;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the combination of a secondary translation component, a tertiary translation component, and a unidirectional pushing component in a second embodiment of a stacking device of the present invention. Figure III ;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a unidirectional pushing component in a third embodiment of a stacking device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, this is the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] The stacking device includes a movable carrying frame 1, a lifting frame 2, a lifting component 3, a translation frame 4, a primary translation component 24, a discharge component 5, a secondary translation component, and a tertiary translation component.

[0033] The movable cargo box 1 is a frame structure with a walking component 6 at its bottom. In this embodiment, the walking component 6 uses rollers.

[0034] The lifting frame 2 is also a frame structure, and it is movably mounted on the movable cargo frame 1 via the lifting component 3. The lifting component 3 includes a guide rail, a lead screw, a lead screw sleeve, a motor, and a reducer. The motor and reducer are combined and mounted on the movable cargo frame 1. The lead screw is vertically mounted on the movable cargo frame 1, and the reducer is connected to the lead screw via a synchronous belt. The guide rail includes a linear slide rail and a sliding sleeve. The linear slide rail is vertically fixed on the movable cargo frame 1, and the sliding sleeve is fixed on the lifting frame 2. The lifting frame 2 is movably connected to the movable cargo frame 1 via the linear slide rail embedding into the sliding sleeve. The lead screw sleeve is fixed on the lifting frame 2, and the lead screw and the lead screw sleeve are threaded together. The rotation of the lead screw drives the lifting frame 2 to perform vertical linear motion on the movable cargo frame 1, thereby driving the lifting frame 2 to move vertically, achieving a lifting effect.

[0035] The translation frame 4 is also a frame structure. The translation frame 4 is movably mounted on the lifting frame 2 via a primary translation component 24. The primary translation component 24 includes a guide rail, a synchronous belt, pulleys, a motor, and a reducer. The motor and reducer are mounted together on the lifting frame 2. The synchronous belt is mounted on the lifting frame 2 via pulleys, with one pulley mounted on the reducer. After installation, the synchronous belt unfolds to form a structure with arc-shaped ends and a straight middle. The guide rail includes a linear slide rail and a sliding sleeve. The linear slide rail is horizontally fixed on the lifting frame 2, and the sliding sleeve is fixedly mounted on the translation frame 4. The translation frame 4 is movably connected to the lifting frame 2 via the linear slide rail embedded in the sliding sleeve. The synchronous belt is fixedly connected to the translation frame 4. After the motor drives the synchronous belt to rotate, it drives the translation frame 4 to move, which in turn drives the primary translation component 24 to move the translation frame 4 horizontally. The translation frame 4 achieves a significant left-right translation effect throughout the stacking device.

[0036] The secondary translation component also includes guide rods 7, power assembly II 8, and load-bearing component 9. Guide rods 7 are fixedly arranged separately inside the translation frame 4, and the guide rods 7 are parallel to each other. The center line of the guide rods 7 is parallel to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame 4 relative to the lifting frame 2.

[0037] The power assembly II 8 includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, drive shaft 10, auxiliary shaft 11, motor, and reducer. Two drive shafts 10 are mounted on the translation frame 4, movably installed on both sides of the translation frame 4. The centerline of the drive shaft 10 is perpendicular to the centerline of the guide rod 7, and the drive shaft 10 can rotate. The motor and reducer are combined and mounted on the translation frame 4, and both the motor and reducer are located at the end of the translation frame 4 that connects to the lifting frame 2.

[0038] The auxiliary shaft 11 is longer than the drive shaft 10. Both are movably mounted on the translation frame 4 and are parallel to each other. One end of the auxiliary shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer. Only one drive shaft 10 in the power assembly II 8 is equipped with the auxiliary shaft 11; that is, only one auxiliary shaft 11 is installed on the power assembly II 8. Due to space constraints, the motor and reducer cannot be directly connected. The auxiliary shaft 11 has a pulley, and the drive shaft 10 has a pulley. The auxiliary shaft 11 and the drive shaft 10 are connected by a drive belt mounted on the pulleys. When the auxiliary shaft 11 rotates, the drive shaft 10 rotates synchronously. This indirectly connects the drive shaft 10 and the reducer, allowing the motor to drive the drive shaft 10 to rotate after startup. The drive shaft 10 has pulleys, and a synchronous belt is mounted on the pulleys. The synchronous belt unfolds to form a structure with arc-shaped ends and a straight middle section. The synchronous belt can be driven by a motor. The straight section of the synchronous belt serves as the power output section of the power assembly II 8 and is fixedly connected to the load 9. The load 9 is also slidably mounted on the guide rod 7, which passes through the load 9. Therefore, the synchronous belt can drive the load 9 to move. The secondary translation component includes two loads 9. The two loads 9 move linearly along the guide rail on the translation frame 4 with a fixed distance between them. Their direction of movement is parallel to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame 4 relative to the lifting frame 2.

[0039] The three-stage translation component includes guide rails and power assembly Ⅲ12. The guide rails include linear slide rails and sliding sleeves, with the linear slide rails fixedly mounted on the load 9. The discharge component 5 has a semi-enclosed structure with a concave cross-section, formed by bending sheet metal. The sliding sleeve is fixed to the discharge component 5. After installation, the discharge component 5 is located below the translation frame 4. The discharge component 5 can slide linearly on the load 9, and the direction of its sliding relative to the load 9 is perpendicular to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame 4 relative to the lifting frame 2. The hollow area inside the discharge component 5 serves as a material conveying channel, and the extension direction of the material conveying channel is also perpendicular to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame 4 relative to the lifting frame 2.

[0040] The power assembly III 12 includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, a splined shaft 13, a motor, and a reducer. The motor and reducer are mounted together on the translation frame 4, and both the motor and reducer are located at the end of the translation frame 4 that connects to the lifting frame 2. The splined shaft 13 is movably mounted on the translation frame 4, and a pulley is provided on the splined shaft 13. A pulley is also provided on the output shaft of the reducer. The splined shaft 13 and the reducer are connected together by a transmission belt mounted on the pulleys. The synchronous belt is mounted on the load 9 via pulleys. One of the pulleys of the synchronous belt is movably connected to the splined shaft 13, and this pulley can slide along the center line of the splined shaft 13. When the motor starts, power is transmitted to the splined shaft 13 through the transmission belt, and the rotation of the splined shaft 13 drives the synchronous belt. After the synchronous belt is unfolded on the load 9, it forms a straight section, which serves as the power output section of the entire power assembly III 12 and is fixedly connected to the discharge section 5, thus enabling the power assembly III 12 to drive the movement of the discharge section. In the three-stage translation component, the guide rail is mounted on the load 9 and the power assembly III 12 is mounted on the translation frame 4. This structure ensures that the translation frame 4 can effectively use the load to carry the items, rather than using too much of it to carry the components of the whole machine.

[0041] In the initial state, the lifting frame 2 is located at the lower part of the movable loading frame 1. The height of the lifting frame 2 is low, so that the translation frame 4 and the discharge component 5 are also located at a low position. The discharge component 5 is placed in the middle of the translation frame 4 and is close to the lifting frame 2, that is, the discharge component 5 is right next to the movable loading frame 1.

[0042] When in use, the worker pushes the stacking device to the work area. Then, the worker inserts the load-bearing items into the conveying channel from one side of the mobile loading frame 1. The translation frame 4 and the discharge component 5 on the other side of the mobile loading frame 1 take on the task of bearing the load. First, the item is placed at a set height, and the lifting component 3 drives the lifting frame 2 to rise. Next, after the item reaches the set height, its horizontal position is adjusted. First, the first-stage translation component 24 drives the translation frame 4 to move to the approximate location; then, the second-stage translation component drives the discharge component 5 to move to the precise location. Next, the third-stage translation component drives the discharge component 5 to move, carrying the item away from the movable loading frame 1, until the discharge component 5 enters the designated position. At this point, the item is in the designated position but still within the conveying channel. Finally, the worker simply uses a workpiece to hold the item in place, and the discharge component 5 moves towards the location of the movable loading frame 1, causing relative movement between the discharge component 5 and the item. The item then detaches from the conveying channel and falls directly into the designated position. After detaching from the item, the discharge component 5 returns to its initial state.

[0043] In the above process, the stacking device effectively replaces manual handling of items.

[0044] like Figure 8 , 9 As shown in Figures 10, 11, and 12, this is a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the stacking device further includes a unidirectional pushing component, which functions to mechanically replace manual support of the items. This embodiment can be understood based on the component names and reference numerals in the first embodiment.

[0045] The unidirectional pushing component includes a power assembly I 14 and a linear pushing unit, wherein the linear pushing unit includes a guide plate 16, a slide table 17, and a push plate 18. The guide plate 16 is fixedly mounted on one of the load members 9. The slide table 17 is slidably mounted on the load member 9 and can perform linear sliding motion on the load member 9. The direction of movement of the slide table 17 on the load member 9 is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The push plate 18 is movably mounted on the slide table 17 and can swing on the slide table 17. The joint between the push plate 18 and the slide table 17 is biased towards one end of the push plate 18, which makes the length of the push plate 18 on the slide table 17 different on both sides of the fulcrum obtained based on the slide table 17, i.e., one side is longer and the other side is shorter. The guide plate 16 is provided with a guide groove 19, which consists of a push-holding part 20 and a lifting guide part 21. The push-holding part 20 is straight and its extension direction is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The push-holding part 20 and the lifting guide part 21 are connected, and the lifting guide part 21 is located at one end of the push-holding part 20. Because the lifting guide part 21 is arc-shaped, it deviates from the extension direction of the push-holding part 20. The distance from the push-holding part 20 to the lifting frame 2 is greater than the distance from the lifting guide part 21 to the lifting frame 2. The shorter end of the push plate 18 located on the fulcrum side is provided with a bearing 22. The centerline of the bearing 22 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the push plate 18, and the bearing 22 is embedded in the guide groove 19. After the push plate 18 moves on the guide plate 16, when one end of the push plate 18 is in the push holding part 20, the other end of the push plate 18 remains in a vertical position. After one end of the push plate 18 enters the lifting guide part 21, the other end of the push plate 18, that is, the longer end on the other side of the fulcrum, will change from a vertical position to an inclined position and finally to a horizontal position.

[0046] The power assembly I14 includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, a splined shaft 15, a motor, and a reducer. The motor and reducer are mounted together on the translation frame 4. The motor is mounted on the translation frame 4 via the reducer, and both the motor and reducer are located on the end of the translation frame 4 that connects to the lifting frame 2. A pulley is mounted on the output shaft of the reducer. The splined shaft 15 is movably mounted on the translation frame 4, and its centerline is parallel to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame 4 relative to the lifting frame 2. The splined shaft 15 can rotate on the translation frame 4. A pulley is also mounted on the splined shaft 15. The splined shaft 15 is connected to the reducer via a transmission belt mounted on the pulley. A synchronous belt is mounted on the carrier 9 via pulleys. One of the pulleys is movably connected to a splined shaft 15, allowing the pulley to translate along the centerline of the splined shaft 15. When the splined shaft 15 rotates, it drives the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt, mounted on the pulleys, unfolds on the carrier 9 to form a straight section, which serves as the power output section and is fixedly connected to the slide table 17. When the power assembly I 14 drives the slide table 17, the push plate 18 is also driven.

[0047] The linear push unit is a linear cam structure. The push plate 18 is constrained by the slide table 17 and the guide plate 16 at the guide groove 19, causing the push plate 18 to change its spatial orientation according to the structure of the guide groove 19. The range of motion of the push plate 18 intersects with the material conveying channel. The end of the push plate 18 that can extend into the material conveying channel is the longer end of the push plate 18 on the other side of the fulcrum. After being driven, the push plate 18 moves along the guide plate 16, and the orientation of the end that can extend into the material conveying channel includes a vertical orientation, an inclined orientation, and a horizontal orientation. When the end of the push plate 18 extends into the material conveying channel, it is only in a vertical orientation; when it is out of the material conveying channel, it is in an inclined orientation and a horizontal orientation. In the initial state, the push plate 18 is out of the material conveying channel and is in a horizontal orientation. In use, when the item is in the designated position but still within the conveying channel, the pusher plate 18 moves towards the item's location. The pusher plate 18 changes from a horizontal to an inclined position, and then to a vertical position, while continuously moving closer to the item's location. This continues until the pusher plate 18 presses against the item. At this point, the operation of the pusher plate 18 on the item is equivalent to replacing the manual pressing of the item in Embodiment 1. The discharge component 5 moves in the direction of detaching from the item, and the pusher plate 18 continues to press against the item under the drive of the power component I 14 until the item is completely detached from the conveying channel.

[0048] This is a third embodiment of the invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the stacking device further includes a unidirectional pushing component, which functions to mechanically replace manual support of the items. This embodiment can be understood based on the component names and reference numerals in the first and second embodiments.

[0049] The unidirectional pushing component includes a power assembly I 14 and a linear pushing unit, wherein the linear pushing unit includes a guide plate 16, a slide table 17, and a push plate 18. The guide plate 16 is fixedly mounted on one of the load members 9. The slide table 17 is slidably mounted on the load member 9, and the slide table 17 can perform linear sliding motion on the load member 9. The direction of movement of the slide table 17 on the load member 9 is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. Figure 13 As shown, the push plate 18 is movably mounted on the slide table 17 and can swing on the slide table 17. The joint of the push plate 18 and the slide table 17 is biased towards one end of the push plate 18, which makes the length of the push plate 18 on the slide table 17 different on both sides of the fulcrum obtained based on the slide table 17, that is, one side is longer and the other side is shorter. The slide table 17 is provided with a limiting protrusion 23, which is located within the range of the push plate 18's swinging motion on the slide table 17. When the push plate 18 swings, the shorter end of the push plate 18 on the fulcrum side is blocked by the limiting protrusion 23. At this time, the longer end of the push plate 18 on the fulcrum side is in a vertical posture and tends to move away from the material conveying channel. After the push plate 18 moves in the opposite direction, the shorter end of the push plate 18 on the fulcrum side is not restricted by the limiting protrusion 23, and the longer end of the push plate 18 on the fulcrum side swings according to the external force, changing from a vertical posture to an inclined posture or a horizontal posture. Thus, the swinging motion of the push plate 18 has a limited range of motion, which macroscopically manifests as the linear pushing unit having a unidirectional passage characteristic at the push plate 18. In the initial state, the push plate 18 is in a vertical posture at its longer end on the fulcrum side due to its own weight.

[0050] The power assembly I14 includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, a splined shaft 15, a motor, and a reducer. The motor and reducer are mounted together on the translation frame 4. The motor is mounted on the translation frame 4 via the reducer, and both the motor and reducer are located on the end of the translation frame 4 that connects to the lifting frame 2. A pulley is mounted on the output shaft of the reducer. The splined shaft 15 is movably mounted on the translation frame 4, and its centerline is parallel to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame 4 relative to the lifting frame 2. The splined shaft 15 can rotate on the translation frame 4. A pulley is also mounted on the splined shaft 15. The splined shaft 15 is connected to the reducer via a transmission belt mounted on the pulley. A synchronous belt is mounted on the carrier 9 via pulleys. One of the pulleys is movably connected to a splined shaft 15, allowing the pulley to translate along the centerline of the splined shaft 15. When the splined shaft 15 rotates, it drives the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt, mounted on the pulleys, unfolds on the carrier 9 to form a straight section, which serves as the power output section and is fixedly connected to the slide table 17. When the power assembly I 14 drives the slide table 17, the push plate 18 is also driven.

[0051] The movement range of the pusher plate 18 intersects with the conveying channel. Initially, the pusher plate 18 is detached from the conveying channel, and there is a large distance between the pusher plate 18 and the discharge component 5, facilitating the insertion of the item into the conveying channel. When inserting the item, the item first touches the pusher plate 18, pushing the longer end of the pusher plate 18 towards the location of the conveying channel, gradually changing the pusher plate 18 from a vertical to an inclined position. If the item is tall, the pusher plate 18 will eventually reach a horizontal position. In use, the item is just in the designated position but still within the conveying channel, and the pusher plate 18 moves towards the item's location. The pusher plate 18 maintains a vertical position while continuously moving closer to the item's location until it presses against the item. At this point, the operation of the pusher plate 18 on the item is equivalent to manually pressing against the item in Embodiment 1. The discharge component 5 moves in the direction of detachment from the item, and the pusher plate 18 continues to press against the item under the drive of the power component I 14 until the item is completely detached from the conveying channel.

[0052] The fourth embodiment of the present invention differs from the first embodiment in that the stacking device further includes a one-way pushing component, which functions to mechanically replace manual support of the items.

[0053] The unidirectional pushing component includes a power assembly I and a linear pushing unit, wherein the linear pushing unit includes a guide plate, a slide table, and a push plate. The guide plate is fixedly mounted on one of the load components. The slide table is slidably mounted on the load component and can perform linear sliding motion on the load component. The direction of movement of the slide table on the load component is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The push plate is fixedly mounted on the slide table and always maintains a vertical posture.

[0054] Power assembly I includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, a splined shaft, a motor, and a reducer. The motor and reducer are combined and mounted on the translation frame. The motor is mounted on the translation frame via the reducer, and both the motor and reducer are located at the end of the translation frame that connects to the lifting frame. A pulley is mounted on the output shaft of the reducer. The splined shaft is movably mounted on the translation frame, with its centerline parallel to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame relative to the lifting frame. The splined shaft can rotate on the translation frame, and a pulley is also mounted on it. The splined shaft and reducer are connected by a transmission belt mounted on a pulley. The synchronous belt is mounted on the load via pulleys. One of the pulleys of the synchronous belt is movably connected to the splined shaft. The pulley can translate along the centerline of the splined shaft. When the splined shaft rotates, it drives the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt, mounted on the pulleys, unfolds on the load to form a straight section, which serves as the power output section and is fixedly connected to the slide. If the power component I drives the slide table, then the push plate is also driven.

[0055] The pusher plate's range of motion intersects with the conveying channel. Initially, the pusher plate is detached from the conveying channel, and there is a large distance between the pusher plate and the discharge component, facilitating the insertion of the item into the conveying channel. In use, the item is positioned at the designated location but still within the conveying channel, and the pusher plate moves towards the item's location. The pusher plate maintains a vertical posture while continuously moving closer to the item's location in space until it presses against the item. At this point, the pusher plate's operation on the item effectively replaces the manual pressing operation in Embodiment 1. The discharge component moves in the direction of detachment from the item, and the pusher plate, driven by power component I, continues to press against the item until it is completely detached from the conveying channel.

[0056] The fifth embodiment of the present invention differs from the first embodiment in that the discharge component 5 is provided with a rolling element, which is a roller located at the bottom of the conveying channel.

[0057] The sixth embodiment of the present invention differs from the second embodiment in that the discharge component 5 is provided with a rolling element, which is a roller located at the bottom of the conveying channel.

[0058] The seventh embodiment of the present invention differs from the third embodiment in that the discharge component 5 is provided with a rolling element, which is a roller located at the bottom of the conveying channel.

[0059] The eighth embodiment of the present invention differs from the fourth embodiment in that the discharge component 5 is provided with a rolling element, which is a roller located at the bottom of the conveying channel.

[0060] This is the ninth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the rolling element uses universal ball bearings.

[0061] This is the tenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that the rolling element uses universal ball bearings.

[0062] The eleventh embodiment of the present invention differs from the seventh embodiment in that the rolling element uses universal ball bearings.

[0063] This is the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that the rolling element uses universal ball bearings.

[0064] This is the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0065] This is the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0066] The fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt, and the structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0067] The sixteenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt, and the structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0068] This is the seventeenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0069] The eighteenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt, and the structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0070] This is the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0071] This is the twentieth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0072] This is the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the ninth embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0073] This is the twenty-second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the tenth embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0074] This is the twenty-third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the eleventh embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0075] This is the twenty-fourth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the twelfth embodiment is that one end of the drive shaft in the power assembly II is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer via a drive belt. The structure of the drive shaft directly connecting to the reducer avoids the structural factors of the auxiliary shaft.

[0076] In any of the above embodiments, the discharge component can be constructed using two L-shaped plates, thus obtaining a new embodiment. One plate is mounted on one of the load-bearing components, and the other plate is mounted on the other load-bearing component. The two plates face each other, thereby forming a material conveying channel between them.

Claims

1. A stacking device, characterized in that: The stacking device includes a movable loading frame (1), a lifting frame (2), a lifting component (3), a translation frame (4), a primary translation component (24), a discharge component (5), a secondary translation component (5), and a tertiary translation component. The movable loading frame (1) is equipped with a walking component (6) at its bottom. The lifting frame (2) is movably mounted on the movable loading frame (1) via the lifting component (3), and the lifting component (3) drives the lifting frame (2) to move vertically. The translation frame (4) is movably mounted on the lifting frame (2) via the primary translation component (24), and the primary translation component (24) drives the translation frame (4) to move horizontally. The secondary translation component (5)... Both the component and the three-stage translation component are installed on the translation frame (4). The two-stage translation component is provided with a loading component (9). The three-stage translation component is connected to the loading component (9). The discharge component (5) is connected to the loading component (9) of the two-stage translation component through the three-stage translation component. The discharge component (5) is provided with a straight conveying channel. The direction of the horizontal movement of the discharge component (5) driven by the two-stage translation component is parallel to the direction of the horizontal movement of the translation frame (4) relative to the lifting frame (2). The direction of the horizontal movement of the discharge component (5) driven by the three-stage translation component and the extension direction of the conveying channel are both perpendicular to the direction of the horizontal movement of the translation frame (4) relative to the lifting frame (2). The secondary translation component also includes a guide rod (7) and a power component II (8). The guide rod (7) is fixedly installed on the translation frame (4). The load (9) is movably installed on the guide rod (7) in a sliding manner. The power component II (8) is provided with a power output part. The power output part is connected to the load (9) and the power component II (8) drives the load (9) to move. The three-stage translation component includes a guide rail and a power component III (12). The discharge component (5) is mounted on the carrier (9) via the guide rail. The power component III (12) is provided with a power output part. The power output part is connected to the discharge component (5) and the power component III (12) drives the discharge component (5) to move.

2. The stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly II (8) includes a synchronous belt, pulleys, a drive shaft (10), a motor, and a reducer. The motor is connected to the reducer and is mounted on the translation frame (4) via the reducer. The synchronous belt is mounted on the drive shaft (10) via the pulleys. The drive shaft (10) is movably mounted on the mounting frame. The drive shaft (10) is connected to the reducer. The synchronous belt is fixedly connected to the load (9). The extension direction of the drive shaft (10) is perpendicular to the direction of horizontal movement of the translation frame (4) relative to the lifting frame (2). The motor and the reducer are both located on the translation frame (4) at the end connected to the lifting frame (2).

3. The stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly III (12) includes a timing belt, pulleys, a splined shaft, a motor, and a reducer. The motor is connected to the reducer and is mounted on the translation frame (4) via the reducer. The splined shaft is movably mounted on the translation frame (4). The timing belt is mounted on the load (9) via pulleys. One of the pulleys is movably connected to the splined shaft. The timing belt is fixedly connected to the discharge component (5). The splined shaft is connected to the reducer. The motor and the reducer are both located on the translation frame (4) at the end connected to the lifting frame (2).

4. The stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stacking device includes a unidirectional pushing component, which is mounted on the carrier (9) of the secondary translation component. The unidirectional pushing component includes a power assembly I (14) and a linear pushing unit. The linear pushing unit includes a guide plate (16), a slide table (17), and a push plate (18). The guide plate (16) is fixedly mounted on the carrier (9). The slide table (17) is movably mounted on the carrier (9) in a linear sliding manner. The direction of movement of the slide table (17) on the carrier (9) is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The push plate (18) is movably mounted on the slide table (17) and can swing on the slide table (17). The guide plate (16) is provided with a guide groove (19), and one end of the push plate (18) is embedded in the guide groove (19). The guide groove (19) is provided with a push holding part (20) and a lifting guide part (21). The push holding part (20) and the lifting guide part (21) are connected. The push holding part (20) is straight and its extension direction is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The lifting guide part (21) is deviated from the extension direction of the push holding part (20). The distance from the push holding part (20) to the lifting frame (2) is greater than the distance from the lifting guide part (21) to the lifting frame (2). The power component I (14) is provided with a power output part. The power output part is connected to the slide table (17) and the power component I (14) drives the push plate (18) to move. The movement range of the other end of the push plate (18) intersects with the material conveying channel.

5. The stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stacking device includes a unidirectional pushing component, which is mounted on the load (9) of the secondary translation component. The unidirectional pushing component includes a power assembly I (14) and a linear pushing unit. The linear pushing unit includes a guide plate (16), a slide table (17), and a push plate (18). The guide plate (16) is fixedly mounted on the load (9). The slide table (17) is movably mounted on the load (9) in a linear sliding manner. The push plate (18) is movably mounted on the slide table (17) and can swing on the slide table (17). The slide table (17) is provided with a limiting protrusion (23). The limiting protrusion (23) is located within the range of motion of one end of the push plate (18). The movement direction of the slide (17) on the load (9) is parallel to the extension direction of the conveying channel. The power assembly I (14) is provided with a power output part. The power output part is connected to the slide (17) and the power assembly I (14) drives the push plate (18) to move. The range of motion of the other end of the push plate (18) intersects with the conveying channel.

6. The stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stacking device includes a unidirectional pushing component, which is mounted on the load of the secondary translation component. The unidirectional pushing component includes a power assembly I and a linear pushing unit. The linear pushing unit includes a guide plate, a slide table, and a push plate. The guide plate is fixedly mounted on the load, the slide table is movably mounted on the load in a linear sliding manner, and the push plate is fixedly mounted on the slide table in a vertical posture. The movement direction of the slide table on the load is parallel to the extension direction of the material conveying channel. The power assembly I is provided with a power output part, which is connected to the slide table, and the power assembly I drives the push plate to move. The movement range of the push plate intersects with the material conveying channel.

7. A stacking device according to claim 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that: The power assembly I (14) includes a timing belt, pulleys, a splined shaft, a motor, and a reducer. The motor is connected to the reducer and is mounted on the translation frame (4) via the reducer. The splined shaft is movably mounted on the translation frame (4). The timing belt is mounted on the load (9) via pulleys. One of the pulleys is movably connected to the splined shaft. The timing belt is fixedly connected to the slide table (17). The splined shaft is connected to the reducer. The motor and the reducer are both located on the translation frame (4) at the end connected to the lifting frame (2).

8. A stacking device according to claim 1, 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that: The discharge component (5) is provided with a rolling element, which is located at the bottom of the material conveying channel.

Images