A combined support device and construction method for tunnel fracture zones

Abstract

This application relates to the field of tunnel construction technology and discloses a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone and a construction method. The device comprises a support mechanism disposed on the surface of the tunnel fracture zone and used to support the tunnel. The support mechanism is provided with a water collection assembly and a water diversion assembly. The water collection assembly extends into the tunnel and is used to collect water within the tunnel. The water diversion assembly is connected to the water collection assembly and is used to discharge water within the water collection assembly to the outside of the tunnel. This application has the effect of reducing the impact of water within the tunnel on the support performance of the initial support structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel construction, the first tunnel section must be excavated, then supported within it. Once this is complete, the second tunnel section is excavated radially from the end of the first section, and support is implemented within this second section. This cycle continues until the final section is supported, forming a complete tunnel. When tunnel construction encounters a fault fracture zone, the relatively closed environment within the fracture zone is prone to water accumulation, leading to severe collapse, roof falls, and water gushing.

[0003] A Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN204920975U discloses a tunnel support structure, which includes an initial support structure and a fixing device. The initial support structure includes an inner layer sprayed concrete support, a middle layer sprayed concrete support and an outer layer sprayed concrete support. The outer layer, middle layer and inner layer sprayed concrete support all include steel mesh, steel arch frame and sprayed concrete layer. The outer layer and middle layer sprayed concrete support, as well as the middle layer and inner layer sprayed concrete support, are connected by a fixing device. The outer layer sprayed concrete support is anchored to the surrounding rock surface by anchors.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors found that after using the initial support structure to support the broken zone, the water stored in the broken zone is sealed in the surrounding rock by the initial support structure. Over time, the water will gradually corrode the initial support structure, thereby affecting the supporting performance of the initial support structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the impact of water in the tunnel on the supporting performance of the initial support structure, the present application provides a tunnel fracture zone combined support device and construction method.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone includes a support mechanism, which is arranged on the surface of the tunnel fracture zone and is used to support the tunnel. A water collection component and a water diversion component are provided on the support mechanism, and the water collection component extends into the tunnel. The water collection component is used to collect water in the tunnel, and the water diversion component is connected to the water collection component, and the water diversion component is used to discharge the water in the water collection component to the outside of the tunnel.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the supporting mechanism is installed on the surface of the tunnel fracture zone, the water collecting assembly is installed in the tunnel, the water collecting assembly and the water diversion assembly are connected, the water in the tunnel enters the water diversion assembly through the water collecting assembly, and then is discharged to the outside of the tunnel through the water diversion assembly, thereby draining the water in the tunnel, reducing the corrosion caused by water to the initial support structure, and thereby reducing the impact on the support performance of the initial support structure.

[0009] Optionally, the supporting mechanism includes a first anchor rod, which is used to anchor in the tunnel. The water collecting assembly includes a water pipe, which is coaxially fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the first anchor rod. A water groove is provided in the water pipe, and a plurality of water collecting cylinders are provided on the water pipe. The water collecting cylinders are connected to the water pipe and are used to collect water in the tunnel.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the first anchor rod is anchored in the tunnel, and the water in the tunnel flows into multiple water collecting tubes, and then enters the water pipe through the multiple water collecting tubes, thereby completing the collection of water in the tunnel.

[0011] Optionally, the supporting mechanism also includes a steel arch frame, which is arranged on the surface of the tunnel fracture zone. The water diversion assembly includes a water diversion pipe, which is used to divert water in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel. The water diversion pipe is arranged at the top of the steel arch frame and below the water guide pipe. A water inlet pipe is provided on the water diversion pipe, and the lower end of the water guide pipe is connected to a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is inserted into the water inlet pipe.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the outlet pipe is inserted into the water inlet pipe, and the water in the water guide pipe flows into the water diversion pipe through the outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe in turn, and then flows to the outside of the tunnel through the water diversion pipe, thereby draining the water in the tunnel.

[0013] Optionally, a fixed sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the outside of the water outlet pipe, a sealing layer is provided on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and the sealing layer is set to a silicone material, and the water inlet pipe is coaxially inserted into the fixed sleeve.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the water outlet pipe is inserted into the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is inserted into the fixed sleeve, and the water inlet pipe is tightly pressed against the sealing layer, thereby improving the sealing performance of the connection between the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the first anchor rods are arranged in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of first anchor rods are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tunnel. The number of first anchor rods in each group is set to multiple, and the multiple first anchor rods are arranged axially along the tunnel. The steel arch frames are set to multiple, and the multiple steel arch frames are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tunnel. Each steel arch frame is located between two adjacent groups of first anchor rods, and the two adjacent steel arch frames are welded. The steel arch frames are used to support the tunnel, and the first anchor rods are welded to the two adjacent steel arch frames.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple steel arch frames are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tunnel, two adjacent steel arch frames are welded, and the first anchor rod is welded to the two adjacent steel arch frames, thereby supporting the tunnel.

[0017] Optionally, the water diversion assembly also includes a protective tube, which is arranged at the top of the steel arch frame. The axial direction of the protective tube is parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel. The water diversion pipe is coaxially inserted into the protective tube. There are multiple water inlet pipes in each water diversion pipe. The water diversion pipe is provided with multiple water inlet holes. The multiple water inlet pipes are respectively slidably connected to the multiple water inlet holes. The protective tube is provided with multiple limiting holes. The multiple limiting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple water inlet holes. A push spring is provided in the water diversion pipe, and the push spring is used to push the water inlet pipe to extend out of the corresponding limiting hole.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the water inlet pipe is inserted into the protective tube, and the water inlet pipe is rotated until multiple water inlet holes are aligned with multiple limit holes respectively. At this time, the push spring pushes the water inlet pipe through the water inlet hole and the limit hole to extend out of the protective tube, and is inserted into the adjacent fixed sleeve. The water outlet pipe is coaxially plugged into the adjacent water inlet pipe, thereby completing the connection between the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe.

[0019] Optionally, the steel arch frame includes two supporting I-beams, which are arranged axially along the tunnel. The supporting I-beams are arranged in an arc shape and fit in with the surface of the tunnel fracture zone. A plurality of second anchor rods are provided on the supporting I-beams, and the plurality of second anchor rods are anchored in the tunnel. Two steel meshes are fixedly connected between the two supporting I-beams, and the water diversion pipe is fixedly connected between the two steel meshes.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the supporting I-beam is anchored in the tunnel through the second anchor rod, thereby completing the installation of the steel arch frame and improving the stability of the tunnel support.

[0021] Optionally, a connecting ring is coaxially rotatably connected to the first anchor rod, and two limiting rods are fixedly connected to the connecting ring. When the two limiting rods are rotated to abut against two adjacent groups of steel meshes, the limiting rods are welded to the adjacent steel meshes.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting ring is rotated until the two limit rods abut against the adjacent steel meshes, and the limit rods are welded to the adjacent steel meshes, thereby completing the connection between the first anchor rod and the steel arch frame, thereby improving the stability of the steel arch frame; on the other hand, it plays a positioning role for the steel arch frame, making it easier to anchor the steel arch frame to the tunnel.

[0023] Optionally, a connecting pipe is coaxially provided at one end of the water diversion pipe near the tunnel entrance, and the connecting pipe is configured as a stainless steel corrugated pipe. A connecting pipe is coaxially provided at the other end of the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is used to be inserted into the corresponding water diversion pipe in the previous tunnel support device.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when constructing a section of tunnel, the connecting pipe is inserted into the corresponding water diversion pipe in the supporting device of the previous section of the tunnel, and this step is repeated continuously until the tunnel construction is completed. Then, all the water diversion pipes are connected, and the water in all the water diversion pipes is discharged from the water diversion pipe near the tunnel entrance, thereby completing the drainage of the surrounding rock of the entire tunnel.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a construction method for a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0026] A construction method for a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0027] Initial spraying: spraying concrete on the surface of the tunnel fracture zone to form the first concrete layer;

[0028] Drilling: Drilling multiple groups of holes in sequence along the circumference of the tunnel to form anchor grooves, with the number of anchor grooves corresponding to the number of first anchor rods;

[0029] Install the steel arch: insert the first anchor rod into the corresponding anchor groove, place the steel arch between two adjacent sets of anchors, rotate the two limit rods until they abut against the steel arch, weld the limit rods to the adjacent steel mesh, and weld the supporting I-beams of the two adjacent sets of steel arches;

[0030] Connect the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe: rotate the water diversion pipe until the water inlet pipe passes through the water inlet hole and the limit hole and extends out of the protective tube, so that the water inlet pipe is inserted into the adjacent fixed sleeve;

[0031] Connect the water pipes of each tunnel section: Slip the connecting pipe on the water pipe onto the water pipe of the previous tunnel section, and repeat this step until the water pipes of each tunnel section are connected;

[0032] Re-spraying concrete: spraying concrete onto the steel arch until a second concrete layer is formed.

[0033] By adopting the above technical scheme, a first concrete layer is formed on the surface of the tunnel fracture zone to seal the tunnel fracture zone surface and reduce the weathering of the fracture zone rock; the first anchor rod is inserted into the corresponding anchor groove, the steel arch frame is placed between two adjacent groups of anchor pieces, the two limit rods are rotated until the limit rods and the steel arch frame are abutted, the limit rods are welded to the adjacent steel meshes, and the supporting I-beams of the two adjacent groups of steel arch frames are welded, thereby completing the connection between the first anchor rod and the steel mesh and the connection between multiple steel meshes, strengthening the connection strength and improving the stability of the tunnel support; the outlet pipe and the inlet pipe are connected to complete the connection between the water pipe and the water diversion pipe, and then the water diversion pipe of each section of the tunnel is connected to connect all the water diversion pipes, and the water in all the water diversion pipes is discharged from the water diversion pipe near the tunnel entrance, thereby completing the drainage of the entire tunnel surrounding rock.

[0034] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] 1. Install the support mechanism on the tunnel fracture zone surface, install the water collection assembly in the tunnel, and connect the water collection assembly with the water diversion assembly. The water in the tunnel enters the water diversion assembly through the water collection assembly and is then discharged to the outside of the tunnel through the water diversion assembly. This reduces the water in the tunnel from corroding the initial support structure and thus reduces the impact on the supporting performance of the initial support structure.

[0036] 2. Insert the water inlet pipe into the protective tube and rotate it until the multiple water inlet holes are aligned with the multiple limit holes. Then, the spring pushes the water inlet pipe through the water inlet holes and the limit holes, out of the protective tube, and inserted into the adjacent fixed sleeve. The water outlet pipe is coaxially plugged into the adjacent water inlet pipe, thus completing the connection between the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe.

[0037] 3. When constructing a section of tunnel, insert the connecting pipe into the corresponding water diversion pipe in the supporting device of the previous section of the tunnel. Repeat this step until the tunnel construction is completed. Then all the water diversion pipes are connected and the water in all the water diversion pipes is discharged from the water diversion pipe near the tunnel entrance, thus completing the drainage of the surrounding rock of the entire tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application, mainly used to illustrate the support mechanism;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application, mainly used to illustrate the anchor;

[0041] Figure 4 yes Figure 2The partial enlarged view of part A is mainly used to show the second anchor;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application, mainly used to illustrate the drainage mechanism;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application, mainly used to show the water diversion component.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. first concrete layer; 11. anchor groove; 12. fixing groove; 2. supporting mechanism; 21. anchoring piece; 211. first anchor rod; 2111. first grouting groove; 2112. limiting groove; 212. connecting ring; 213. limiting rod; 214. first grouting cap; 22. steel arch frame; 221. supporting I-beam; 2211. fixing hole; 222. steel mesh; 223. second anchor rod; 2231. second grouting groove; 224. fixing nut; 225. second grouting cap; 3. drainage mechanism; 31. water collection assembly; 311. water guide pipe; 3111. water guide groove; 312. water collection cylinder; 3 13. Retaining spring; 314. Connecting plate; 315. Positioning piece; 3151. First positioning plate; 3152. Second positioning plate; 316. Sealing plate; 317. Water outlet pipe; 318. Fixing sleeve; 319. Sealing layer; 32. Water diversion assembly; 321. Protective tube; 3211. Limiting hole; 322. Water diversion pipe; 3221. Water inlet hole; 323. Fixing plate; 3231. First fixing plate; 3232. Second fixing plate; 324. Pushing spring; 325. Water inlet pipe; 326. Guide rod; 327. Connecting pipe; 328. Connecting pipe; 329. Sealing ring; 4. Second concrete layer; 5. Tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Example 1 of the present application discloses a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone.

[0048] Reference Figure 1A combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone includes a first concrete layer 1, which is sprayed on the fracture zone surface of a tunnel 5. The first concrete layer 1 is used to seal the fracture zone surface to reduce the weathering of the fracture zone rock. A support mechanism 2 is provided on the first concrete layer 1, and the support mechanism 2 passes through the first concrete layer 1 and extends into the fracture zone of the tunnel 5. The support mechanism 2 is used to support the tunnel 5. A drainage mechanism 3 is provided on the support mechanism 2, and the drainage mechanism 3 is used to discharge the water in the fracture zone to the outside of the tunnel 5. A second concrete layer 4 is sprayed on the side of the support mechanism 2 facing away from the first concrete layer 1. The second concrete layer 4 is used to smooth the gap between the support mechanism 2 and the drainage mechanism 3, strengthen the connection between the support mechanism 2 and the drainage mechanism 3, and enhance the support for the tunnel 5.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 , multiple groups of anchor grooves 11 are opened in the first concrete layer 1, and the multiple groups of anchor grooves 11 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tunnel 5. Each group of anchor grooves 11 includes multiple anchor grooves 11, and the multiple anchor grooves 11 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the tunnel 5. In this embodiment, the number of anchor grooves 11 in each group of anchor grooves 11 is set to three. The anchor grooves 11 are opened along the radial direction of the tunnel 5, and the anchor grooves 11 extend into the surrounding rock of the tunnel 5. The support mechanism 2 includes multiple groups of anchors 21, and the multiple groups of anchors 21 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tunnel 5. The multiple groups of anchors 21 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple groups of anchor grooves 11. There are three anchors 21 in each group of anchors 21, and the three anchors 21 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the tunnel 5, and the three anchors 21 are respectively inserted into the three anchor grooves 11 of a group. A steel arch 22 is provided between two adjacent groups of anchors 21, and the anchor 21 is used to fix the two adjacent groups of steel arches 22 on the first concrete layer 1.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The anchor 21 includes a first anchor rod 211. A first grouting groove 2111 is provided in the first anchor rod 211 along its own axial direction. The first grouting groove 2111 is used to grout into the anchor groove 11. A limiting groove 2112 is provided on the peripheral side wall of the first anchor rod 211 away from the first concrete layer 1. The limiting groove 2112 is provided along the circumference of the first anchor rod 211. A connecting ring 212 is coaxially connected to the limiting groove 2112. Two limiting rods 213 are fixedly connected to the connecting ring 212. The two limiting rods 213 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the connecting ring 212. The length direction of the limiting rods 213 is radially parallel to the connecting ring 212. The first anchor rod 211 extends out of the anchor groove 11 at the end away from the tunnel 5 and is threadedly connected to a first grouting cap 214. The first grouting cap 214 is located on the side of the connecting ring 212 away from the first concrete layer 1. The first grouting cap 214 is tightly pressed against the connecting ring 212.

[0051] The first anchor rod 211 is inserted into the anchor groove 11, and concrete is poured into the first grouting groove 2111. The concrete overflows from the first grouting groove 2111 into the anchor groove 11 until the anchor groove 11 is filled. At this time, the first grouting cap 214 is threaded onto the first anchor rod 211, thereby sealing one end of the first grouting groove 2111. After the concrete in the anchor groove 11 solidifies, the first anchor rod 211 is installed in the anchor groove 11.

[0052] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The steel arch 22 includes two supporting I-beams 221, which are arranged radially along the tunnel 5. The anchor 21 is located between the two supporting I-beams 221. The two supporting I-beams 221 are each configured in an arc shape and coaxially arranged with the tunnel 5. The supporting I-beams 221 of two adjacent sets of steel arches 22 are welded. A flange plate of the supporting I-beams 221 abuts the first concrete layer 1. Two steel meshes 222 are fixedly connected between the webs of the two supporting I-beams 221. The two steel meshes 222 are arranged radially along the supporting I-beams 221, each configured in an arc shape and coaxially arranged with the supporting I-beams 221. The connecting ring 212 is rotated until the two limiting rods 213 are arranged circumferentially along the tunnel 5. At this time, the two limiting rods 213 are respectively pressed against the adjacent steel meshes 222. The limiting rods 213 are welded to the adjacent steel meshes 222 to complete the positioning of the steel arch 22.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 , a plurality of fixing holes 2211 are provided on both supporting I-beams 221. The plurality of fixing holes 2211 are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the supporting I-beams 221, and the fixing holes 2211 are radially opened along the supporting I-beams 221. A plurality of fixing grooves 12 are provided on the first concrete layer 1. The plurality of fixing grooves 12 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fixing holes 2211. The fixing grooves 12 are radially opened along the tunnel 5 and extend into the tunnel 5. A second anchor rod 223 is passed through each fixing hole 2211. A fixing nut 224 is threadedly connected to the end of the second anchor rod 223 away from the tunnel 5. The fixing nut 224 is used to lock the second anchor rod 223 to the supporting I-beam 221. A second grouting groove 2231 is provided in the second anchor rod 223. The second grouting groove 2231 is axially opened along the second anchor rod 223. A second grouting cap 225 is threadedly connected to one end of the second anchor rod 223 away from the tunnel 5 . The second grouting cap 225 is used to close the second grouting groove 2231 .

[0054] Insert the first anchor rod 211 into the anchor groove 11, place the steel arch frame 22 between two adjacent sets of anchors 21, rotate the two limiting rods 213 until the limiting rods 213 abut the steel arch frame 22, and weld the limiting rods 213 to the adjacent steel mesh 222, thereby completing the connection between the first anchor rod 211 and the steel arch frame 22 and positioning the steel arch frame 22. Grout the first anchor rod 211. After grouting is complete, thread the first grouting cap 214 onto the first anchor rod 211, thereby closing the first grouting groove 2111. Grout the second anchor rod 223. After grouting is complete, thread the second grouting cap 225 onto the second anchor rod 223, thereby closing the second grouting groove 2231. Then, weld the supporting I-beams 221 of the two adjacent sets of steel arch frames 22 to complete the connection of multiple sets of steel arch frames 22. The first anchor rod 211 and the steel arch frame 22 are fixed on the first concrete layer 1 , and the first anchor rod 211 and the steel arch frame 22 are connected to complete the support of the tunnel 5 .

[0055] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 The drainage mechanism 3 includes multiple water collection assemblies 31 and multiple water diversion assemblies 32. One water collection assembly 31 is mounted on a first anchor rod 211, and one water diversion assembly 32 is mounted on top of a steel arch 22. The three water collection assemblies 31 on the same anchor rod 21 are connected to the water diversion assemblies 32 on the same steel arch 22. The water collection assemblies 31 collect water within the tunnel 5. Water in the water collection assemblies 31 enters the water diversion assemblies 32, which then discharge the water out of the tunnel 5.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5The water collection assembly 31 includes a water pipe 311, which is coaxially fixedly connected to the side wall of the first anchor rod 211. A water channel 3111 is defined within the water pipe 311. The channel 3111 extends axially along the water pipe 311, and neither end of the channel 3111 is open. A plurality of water collecting cylinders 312 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the water pipe 311. The cylinders 312 are equidistantly spaced along the axis of the water pipe 311. The interiors of the cylinders 312 are connected to the channel 3111, and the axis of the cylinders 312 is perpendicular to the axis of the water pipe 311. The end of the cylinder 312 away from the water pipe 311 is tilted away from the axis of the cylinder 312, and the end of the cylinder 312 away from the water pipe 311 is in contact with the inner wall of the anchor groove 11. In order to facilitate the water in the surrounding rock of tunnel 5 to flow into the water collecting tube 312 more quickly, the first concrete layer 1 includes a drainage concrete layer and an impermeable concrete layer. The drainage concrete is laid on the inner wall of the surrounding rock of tunnel 5 to form a drainage concrete layer. The water collecting tube 312 is located in the drainage concrete layer. Due to the large pores in the drainage concrete layer, the water in the surrounding rock of tunnel 5 can pass through the drainage concrete more quickly and enter the water collecting tube 312. The impermeable concrete is laid on the drainage concrete layer to form an impermeable concrete layer, which is used to prevent the water in the drainage concrete layer from seeping out. The side wall of the water conduit 311 away from the water collecting tube 312 is fixedly connected to a plurality of tightening springs 313. The plurality of tightening springs 313 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the water conduit 311. The other ends of the plurality of tightening springs 313 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 314. The connecting plate 314 is coaxially arranged with the water conduit 311, and the connecting plate 314 abuts against the inner wall of the anchor groove 11. During the grouting process, the pressing spring 313 pushes the water inlet end of the water collecting cylinder 312 to press against the inner wall of the anchor groove 11, so that the concrete poured into the anchor groove 11 is not easy to enter the water collecting cylinder 312, reducing the impact on the water collecting effect of the water collecting cylinder 312.

[0057] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6A positioning member 315 is provided at the end of the water pipe 311 away from the first grouting cap 214. The positioning member 315 abuts the bottom wall of the anchor groove 11. The positioning member 315 includes two first positioning plates 3151 and a second positioning plate 3152. The two first positioning plates 3151 are fixedly connected to the end of the water pipe 311 away from the first grouting cap 214. The two first positioning plates 3151 are arranged radially along the water pipe 311 and are inclined toward each other at the ends away from the water pipe 311. The second positioning plate 3152 is fixedly connected between the two first positioning plates 3151 and is located at the end of the first positioning plates 3151 away from the water pipe 311. The second positioning plate 3152 abuts the bottom wall of the anchor groove 11. A sealing plate 316 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water pipe 311. The sealing plate 316 is located at the end of the water pipe 311 near the first grouting cap 214. The sealing plate 316 is tightly abutted against the tunnel 5 and is used to seal the anchor groove 11. A water outlet pipe 317 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water pipe 311. The water outlet pipe 317 is located on the side of the sealing plate 316 facing away from the first grouting cap 214. The water outlet pipe 317 is located at the bottom end of the water pipe 311, and the axis of the water outlet pipe 317 is perpendicular to the axis of the water pipe 311. A fixed sleeve 318 is coaxially fixedly connected to the side wall of the water outlet pipe 317. A sealing layer 319 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 318. The sealing layer 319 is made of silicone.

[0058] The first anchor rod 211 is inserted into the corresponding anchor groove 11. When the first anchor rod 211 slides until the second positioning plate 3152 abuts the bottom wall of the anchor groove 11, the first anchor rod 211 is positioned. Water in the surrounding rock flows into the water pipe 311 through the multiple water collecting tubes 312 and then flows out of the water outlet pipe 317 through the water pipe 311.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6The water diversion assembly 32 includes a protective tube 321, which is fixedly connected between the two steel meshes 222. The protective tube 321 is located at the upper end of the steel meshes 222, and the axial direction of the protective tube 321 is parallel to the axial direction of the steel meshes 222. Three limiting holes 3211 are formed on the side wall of the protective tube 321. The three limiting holes 3211 are equidistantly spaced along the axial direction of the protective tube 321, and the limiting holes 3211 are radially extending along the protective tube 321. A water diversion pipe 322 is coaxially inserted into the protective tube 321, and the water diversion pipe 322 is provided with three water inlet holes 3221. The three water inlet holes 3221 are equidistantly spaced along the axial direction of the water diversion pipe 322, and the water inlet holes 3221 are radially extending along the water diversion pipe 322. Two fixed plates 323 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water diversion pipe 322. The two fixed plates 323 are arranged opposite each other with the plane where the axes of the three water inlet holes 3221 are located as a symmetrical plane. The length directions of the two fixed plates 323 are parallel to the axis of the water diversion pipe 322. The fixed plates 323 include a first fixed plate 3231 and a second fixed plate 3232. The first fixed plate 3231 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water diversion pipe 322. The second fixed plate 3232 is fixedly connected to the side of the first fixed plate 3231 facing the other first fixed plate 3231 and is arranged perpendicular to the first fixed plate 3231. Three push springs 324 are fixedly connected to the side of the second fixed plate 3232 facing the water inlet holes 3221. The three push springs 324 are equidistantly spaced along the length of the fixed plate 323. Three water inlet pipes 325 are arranged between the two fixed plates 323. The three water inlet pipes 325 are coaxially slidably connected to the three water inlet holes 3221. The bottom ends of the three water inlet pipes 325 are each fixedly connected to an adjacent push spring 324 on the two fixing plates 323. A guide rod 326 is provided between the water inlet pipes 325 and the two fixing plates 323. The two guide rods 326 are each fixedly connected to the three water inlet pipes 325 and abut against adjacent fixing plates 323. The length of the guide rods 326 is parallel to the length of the fixing plates 323. When the water diversion pipe 322 is rotated until the three water inlet holes 3221 are aligned with the three limiting holes 3211, the push spring 324 pushes the water inlet pipe 325 through the water inlet holes 3221 and the limiting holes 3211 and out of the protective tube 321.

[0060] Insert the water diversion pipe 322 into the protective tube 321 and rotate it until the three water inlet holes 3221 are aligned with the three stop holes 3211. The spring 324 then pushes the water inlet pipe 325 through the water inlet holes 3221 and the stop holes 3211, extending out of the protective tube 321 and into the adjacent fixing sleeve 318. The water outlet pipe 317 is coaxially inserted into the adjacent water inlet pipe 325. The fixing sleeve 318 and the water inlet pipe 325 are bolted together, completing the connection between the water collection assembly 31 and the water diversion assembly 32. Water flowing out of the water outlet pipe 317 enters the water inlet pipe 325 and then flows into the water diversion pipe 322.

[0061] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The end of the water diversion pipe 322 near the tunnel 5 entrance is coaxially fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 327, which is a stainless steel bellows. The other end of the connecting pipe 327 is coaxially fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 328. A sealing ring 329 made of silicone is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 328. The connecting pipe 328 is inserted into the corresponding water diversion pipe 322 in the support device of the previous section of tunnel 5. The sealing ring 329 is used to seal the connection between the connecting pipe 328 and the water diversion pipe 322.

[0062] When constructing a section of tunnel 5, the connecting pipe 328 is inserted into the corresponding water diversion pipe 322 in the supporting device of the previous section of tunnel 5. This step is repeated until the construction of tunnel 5 is completed. All water diversion pipes 322 are connected, and the water in all water diversion pipes 322 is discharged from the water diversion pipe 322 near the entrance of tunnel 5, thereby completing the drainage of the surrounding rock of the entire tunnel 5.

[0063] The implementation principle of a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: concrete is sprayed on the surface of the fracture zone of the tunnel 5 to form a first concrete layer 1. The first anchor rod 211 is inserted into the anchor groove 11, the steel arch frame 22 is placed between two adjacent groups of anchor pieces 21, the two limiting rods 213 are rotated until the limiting rods 213 abut against the steel arch frame 22, and the limiting rods 213 are welded to the adjacent steel mesh 222, thereby completing the connection between the first anchor rod 211 and the steel arch frame 22 and positioning the steel arch frame 22. Grouting is performed into the first anchor rod 211. After grouting is completed, the first grouting cap 214 is threadedly connected to the first anchor rod 211, thereby closing the first grouting groove 2111. Grouting is performed into the second anchor rod 223. After grouting is completed, the second grouting cap 225 is threadedly connected to the second anchor rod 223, thereby closing the second grouting groove 2231. The supporting I-beams 221 of two adjacent sets of steel arches 22 are then welded to complete the connection of the multiple sets of steel arches 22. The first anchor rods 211 and the steel arches 22 are fixed to the first concrete layer 1 and connected to complete the support of the tunnel 5.

[0064] Insert the water pipe 322 into the protective tube 321 and rotate it until the three water inlet holes 3221 align with the three stop holes 3211. The spring 324 then pushes the water inlet pipe 325 through the water inlet holes 3221 and the stop holes 3211, extending out of the protective tube 321 and inserting it into the adjacent fixed sleeve 318. The outlet pipe 317 is coaxially inserted into the adjacent water inlet pipe 325. The fixed sleeve 318 and the water inlet pipe 325 are bolted together, completing the connection between the water collection assembly 31 and the drinking water assembly. During the construction of a section of tunnel 5, the connecting pipe 328 is inserted into the corresponding water pipe 322 in the support device of the previous section of tunnel 5. This step is repeated until all water pipes 322 are connected after the construction of tunnel 5 is completed. A concrete layer is sprayed onto the support mechanism 2 and the drainage mechanism 3 to form a second concrete layer 4. Water in the surrounding rock flows through multiple water collecting tubes 312 into the water conduit 311, then flows through the water conduit 311 and out of the water outlet 317 into the water inlet 325, and then into the water diversion pipe 322. All the water in the water diversion pipe 322 is discharged from the water diversion pipe 322 near the tunnel 5 entrance, thus completing the drainage of the surrounding rock of the entire tunnel 5.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Example 2 of the present application discloses a construction method of a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone.

[0067] A construction method of a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1, initial spraying of concrete: spray concrete evenly on the surface of the broken zone of tunnel 5 to form a first concrete layer 1 to seal the broken zone of tunnel 5 and reduce weathering of the rocks in the broken zone.

[0069] S2, Drilling: Use a drilling rig to drill multiple groups of holes in sequence along the circumference of the tunnel 5 to form anchor grooves 11, each group of anchor grooves 11 includes multiple anchor grooves, and the multiple anchor grooves 11 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the tunnel 5; use the drilling rig to drill multiple fixed grooves 12 along the circumference of the tunnel 5, and the multiple fixed grooves 12 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tunnel 5. Drill two groups of fixed grooves 12, and the two groups of fixed grooves 12 are respectively located at both ends of a section of the tunnel 5 under construction.

[0070] S3, installing the water diversion pipe 322: inserting the water diversion pipe 322 into the protection tube 321.

[0071] S4, install the anchor 21 and the steel arch 22: insert the first anchor rod 211 into the anchor groove 11, place the steel arch 22 between the two adjacent groups of anchors 21, rotate the two limiting rods 213 until the limiting rods 213 abut against the steel arch 22, weld the limiting rods 213 to the adjacent steel mesh 222, and complete the positioning of the steel arch 22; grout the first anchor rod 211, and after the grouting is completed, thread the first grouting cap 214 onto the first anchor rod 211. Complete the installation of the first anchor rod 211; insert the second anchor rod 223 into the fixing groove 12, and grout the second anchor rod 223. After the grouting is completed, thread the second grouting cap 225 onto the second anchor rod 223 to complete the installation of the steel arch frame 22; weld the supporting I-beams 221 of two adjacent groups of steel arch frames 22 to complete the connection of multiple groups of steel arch frames 22; thereby complete the installation of the anchor 21 and the steel arch frame 22 to support the broken zone of tunnel 5.

[0072] S5, connect the water outlet pipe 317 and the water inlet pipe 325: rotate the water guide pipe 322 until the water inlet pipe 325 passes through the water inlet hole 3221 and the limiting hole 3211 and extends out of the protective tube 321, and the water inlet pipe 325 is inserted into the adjacent fixed sleeve 318, and the fixed sleeve 318 and the water inlet pipe 325 are connected with bolts to complete the connection of the water outlet pipe 317 and the water inlet pipe 325.

[0073] S6, connect the water diversion pipe 322 of each section of tunnel 5: connect the connecting pipe 328 on the water diversion pipe 322 onto the water diversion pipe 322 of the previous section of tunnel 5 to complete the connection of the water diversion pipes 322 of the two sections of tunnel 5. Repeat this step until the construction of tunnel 5 is completed, and all the water diversion pipes 322 are connected to facilitate the discharge of water in the water diversion pipe 322 to the outside of tunnel 5.

[0074] S7, re-spraying concrete: spray concrete onto the steel arch 22 until the concrete covers the support mechanism 2 and the drainage mechanism 3 and the covering surface is flat. At this time, a second concrete layer 4 is formed to strengthen the connection between the support mechanism 2 and the drainage mechanism 3 and support the tunnel 5.

[0075] The implementation principle of the construction method of a combined support device for a broken zone of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: concrete is sprayed on the broken zone surface of the tunnel 5 to form a first concrete layer 1. An anchor groove 11 and a fixing groove 12 are drilled into the tunnel 5 using a drilling rig, a first anchor rod 211 is inserted into the anchor groove 11, a steel arch frame 22 is placed between two adjacent groups of anchors 21, two limiting rods 213 are rotated until the limiting rods 213 abut against the steel arch frame 22, the limiting rods 213 are welded to the adjacent steel mesh 222, grouting is poured into the first anchor rod 211 and the steel arch frame is sealed. The second anchor rod 223 is inserted into the fixing groove 12, grouting is poured into the second anchor rod 223 and the steel arch frame 22 is sealed to complete the installation of the steel arch frame 22. The supporting I-beams 221 of the two adjacent groups of steel arch frames 22 are welded to complete the connection of multiple groups of steel arch frames 22. Rotate the water diversion pipe 322 until the water inlet pipe 325 is inserted into the adjacent fixed sleeve 318. Bolt the fixed sleeve 318 to the water inlet pipe 325, completing the connection between the outlet pipe 317 and the water inlet pipe 325. Slip the connecting pipe 328 on the water diversion pipe 322 onto the water diversion pipe 322 in the preceding tunnel 5. Repeat this step until all water diversion pipes 322 are connected after tunnel 5 construction is complete. Spray concrete onto the steel arch 22 to form the second concrete layer 4.

[0076] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone, characterized by: The invention comprises a support mechanism (2), the support mechanism (2) being arranged on a fractured zone surface of a tunnel (5), the support mechanism (2) being used to support the tunnel (5), the support mechanism (2) being provided with a water collecting component (31) and a water diversion component (32), the water collecting component (31) extending into the tunnel (5), the water collecting component (31) being used to collect water in the tunnel (5), the water diversion component (32) being in communication with the water collecting component (31), and the water diversion component (32) being used to discharge water in the water collecting component (31) to the outside of the tunnel (5); The support mechanism (2) includes a first anchor rod (211), the first anchor rod (211) is used to anchor in the tunnel (5), the water collection assembly (31) includes a water pipe (311), the water pipe (311) is coaxially fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the first anchor rod (211), a water guide groove (3111) is provided in the water pipe (311), and a plurality of water collection cylinders (312) are provided on the water pipe (311), the water collection cylinders (312) are in communication with the water pipe (311), and the water collection cylinders (312) are used to collect water in the tunnel (5); The support mechanism (2) further comprises a steel arch frame (22), the steel arch frame (22) being arranged on the fracture zone surface of the tunnel (5), the water diversion assembly (32) comprising a water diversion pipe (322), the water diversion pipe (322) being used to divert water in the tunnel (5) out of the tunnel (5), the water diversion pipe (322) being arranged at the top of the steel arch frame (22) and below the water guide pipe (311), the water inlet pipe (325) being arranged on the water diversion pipe (322), the lower end of the water guide pipe (311) being connected to a water outlet pipe (317), the water outlet pipe (317) being plugged into the water inlet pipe (325); The water outlet pipe (317) is coaxially fixedly connected to a fixed sleeve (318) on the outside, a sealing layer (319) is provided on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (318), and the sealing layer (319) is made of silica gel. The water inlet pipe (325) is coaxially inserted into the fixed sleeve (318); The water diversion assembly (32) further comprises a protective tube (321), the protective tube (321) being arranged at the top end of the steel arch frame (22), the axial direction of the protective tube (321) being parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel (5), the water diversion tube (322) being coaxially plugged into the protective tube (321), a plurality of water inlet pipes (325) being provided in each of the water diversion tubes (322), a plurality of water inlet holes (3221) being provided on the water diversion tube (322), the plurality of water inlet pipes (325) being slidably connected to the plurality of water inlet holes (3221), a plurality of limiting holes (3211) being provided on the protective tube (321), the plurality of limiting holes (3211) being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of water inlet holes (3221), a pushing spring (324) being provided in the water diversion tube (322), the pushing spring (324) being used to push the water inlet pipe (325) out of the corresponding limiting hole (3211); A connecting pipe (327) is coaxially provided at one end of the water diversion pipe (322) close to the tunnel (5) opening. The connecting pipe (327) is configured as a stainless steel corrugated pipe. A connecting pipe (328) is coaxially provided at the other end of the connecting pipe (327). The connecting pipe (328) is used to be inserted into the corresponding water diversion pipe (322) in the supporting device of the previous tunnel (5).

2. The combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first anchor rods (211) are arranged in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of the first anchor rods (211) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tunnel (5). The number of the first anchor rods (211) in each group is set to be a plurality, and the plurality of first anchor rods (211) are arranged axially along the tunnel (5). The steel arch frames (22) are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of steel arch frames (22) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tunnel (5). Each of the steel arch frames (22) is located between two adjacent groups of the first anchor rods (211), and the adjacent two steel arch frames (22) are welded. The steel arch frames (22) are used to support the tunnel (5), and the first anchor rods (211) and the two adjacent steel arch frames (22) are welded.

3. The combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steel arch frame (22) includes two supporting I-beams (221), the two supporting I-beams (221) are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel (5), the supporting I-beams (221) are arranged in an arc shape and fit in the surface of the broken zone of the tunnel (5), a plurality of second anchor rods (223) are provided on the supporting I-beams (221), the plurality of second anchor rods (223) are anchored in the tunnel (5), two steel meshes (222) are fixedly connected between the two supporting I-beams (221), and the water diversion pipe (322) is fixedly connected between the two steel meshes (222).

4. The combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting ring (212) is coaxially rotatably connected to the first anchor rod (211), and two limiting rods (213) are fixedly connected to the connecting ring (212). When the two limiting rods (213) are rotated to respectively abut against two adjacent groups of steel meshes (222), the limiting rods (213) are welded to the adjacent steel meshes (222).

5. A construction method of a combined support device for a tunnel fracture zone, characterized by: The method of implementing the combined support device for the broken zone of a tunnel according to claim 4 includes the following steps: Initial spraying: spraying concrete on the surface of the broken zone of the tunnel (5) to form the first concrete layer (1); Drilling: drilling a plurality of groups of holes in sequence along the circumference of the tunnel (5) to form anchor grooves (11), wherein the number of the anchor grooves (11) is set corresponding to the number of the first anchor rods (211); Installing the steel arch frame (22): inserting the first anchor rod (211) into the corresponding anchor groove (11), placing the steel arch frame (22) between two adjacent groups of anchor members (21), rotating the two limiting rods (213) until the limiting rods (213) and the steel arch frame (22) abut, welding the limiting rods (213) and the adjacent steel mesh (222), and welding the supporting I-beams (221) of the two adjacent groups of steel arch frames (22); Connect the water outlet pipe (317) and the water inlet pipe (325): rotate the water guide pipe (322) to the water inlet pipe (325), pass through the water inlet hole (3221) and the limit hole (3211), and extend out of the protective tube (321), so that the water inlet pipe (325) is inserted into the adjacent fixed sleeve (318); Connecting the water diversion pipe (322) of each tunnel section (5): sleeve the connecting pipe (328) on the water diversion pipe (322) onto the water diversion pipe (322) of the previous tunnel section (5), and repeat this step until the water diversion pipe (322) of each tunnel section (5) is connected; Re-spraying concrete: spraying concrete onto the steel arch frame (22) until a second concrete layer (4) is formed.

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