Environmentally friendly slag-discharging combustion furnace and its use method

Abstract

An environmentally friendly slag-discharging combustion furnace and a method for using the same include a combustion furnace, a support frame, and a feed hopper. The combustion furnace is provided with a first air inlet pipe and a slag-discharging hopper. The first air inlet pipe is provided with a first air pump. A conveying device is provided directly below the slag-discharging hopper. The top of the combustion furnace is connected to a smoke exhaust pipe through an air collecting hood. The smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a secondary combustion structure, a quenching chamber, a flue gas purification device, and an induced draft fan. An eccentric rotating grate structure is provided in the combustion furnace. With the above structure, the grate adopts an eccentric rotating design, which fundamentally solves the problem of slag-discharging blockage and realizes safe and efficient slag discharge. Water vapor is recycled in the combustion furnace to improve energy efficiency, enhance the intensity of the water-gas reaction, obtain more high-quality combustible gas, and ensure stable and high-temperature combustion in the secondary combustion chamber. The air distribution sleeve in the secondary combustion chamber adopts an ultra-long gradual expansion setting to thoroughly crack dioxins and tar, greatly reducing the content of harmful substances in the flue gas and being more environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to an easy-to-discharge slag combustion furnace based on environmental protection and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Miniaturized waste treatment processes primarily involve the safe and efficient removal of slag and metal components, and the removal of dioxins and tar from exhaust flue gas to ensure compliance with emission standards. Traditional waste treatment technologies, however, suffer from numerous issues, including simple grate design that prevents the safe and efficient removal of slag and metal components; inadequate water vapor recycling within the furnace, resulting in an incomplete water-gas reaction and low-quality gas generated in the primary combustion chamber, which prevents the secondary combustion chamber from reaching the desired high temperature; and the simplistic design of the secondary combustion chamber, with insufficient temperature and residence time, preventing the complete cracking of dioxins and tar, resulting in exhaust flue gas emissions that do not meet emission standards. With the severity of environmental pollution, environmental issues are receiving increasing attention, and finding a more environmentally friendly way to dispose of waste has become a pressing issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an easy-to-discharge slag combustion furnace based on environmental protection and a method of using the same. The grate adopts an eccentric rotation design, which fundamentally solves the problem of slag discharge blockage and realizes safe and efficient slag discharge; water vapor is recycled in the combustion furnace to improve energy efficiency, enhance the intensity of the water-gas reaction, obtain more high-quality combustible gas, and ensure stable and high-temperature combustion in the secondary combustion chamber; the air distribution sleeve in the secondary combustion chamber adopts an extra-long gradual expansion setting, which creates stable and reliable regulation for the complete cracking of dioxins and tar, greatly reduces the content of harmful substances in the flue gas, and is more environmentally friendly.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an easy-to-discharge slag combustion furnace based on environmental protection, including a combustion furnace, a support frame and a feed hopper are provided on the combustion furnace, the combustion furnace is provided with a first air inlet pipe and a slag discharge hopper, the first air inlet pipe is provided with a first air pump, and a conveying device is provided directly below the slag discharge hopper. The top of the combustion furnace is connected to the exhaust pipe through an air collecting hood, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a secondary combustion structure, a quenching chamber, a flue gas purification device and an induced draft fan. An eccentric rotating grate structure is provided in the combustion furnace.

[0005] In the preferred embodiment, the eccentric rotating grate structure includes a support base arranged in the combustion furnace, the support base is provided with a rotating base that rotates with the support base, the rotating base is connected to the grate through an eccentric rod, the grate is provided with multiple groups of air grooves, and the bottom of the rotating base is provided with a transmission wheel, which is transmitted through a transmission belt that cooperates with the driving wheel arranged on the output end of the motor, and the motor is connected to the outer wall of the combustion furnace through a fixed base.

[0006] In a preferred solution, the grate is a conical structure.

[0007] In a preferred solution, the combustion furnace is provided with a water vapor circulation pipe, and the water vapor circulation pipe is provided with a second air supply pump.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, the secondary combustion structure includes a secondary combustion chamber arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe, a collection cover is provided at one end of the secondary combustion chamber, and multiple groups of ventilation pipes are provided at the other end of the secondary combustion chamber. The ventilation pipes are connected to the second air intake pipe through an air distribution sleeve, and a third air pump is provided on the second air intake pipe. An air distribution sleeve is provided in the secondary combustion chamber, and multiple groups of ventilation holes are provided on the air distribution sleeve. An ignition device that cooperates with the air distribution sleeve is provided on the secondary combustion chamber.

[0009] In a preferred solution, the air distribution sleeve is of a gradually expanding structure, with the end with a smaller diameter being closer to the combustion furnace.

[0010] The environmentally friendly slag-discharging combustion furnace and its use method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects by adopting the above-mentioned structure:

[0011] (1) The grate adopts an eccentric rotation design, which fundamentally solves the problem of slag discharge blockage and realizes safe and efficient slag discharge;

[0012] (2) The water vapor is recycled in the combustion furnace, which improves energy efficiency, enhances the intensity of the water-gas reaction, obtains more high-quality combustible gas, and ensures stable and high-temperature combustion in the secondary combustion chamber;

[0013] (3) The air distribution sleeve in the secondary combustion chamber adopts an ultra-long gradual expansion setting, which creates a stable and reliable regulation for the complete cracking of dioxins and tar, greatly reduces the content of harmful substances in the flue gas, and is more environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: combustion furnace body 1, support frame 2, feed hopper 3, first air inlet pipe 4, first air pump 5, slag discharge hopper 6, conveying device 7, air collecting hood 8, smoke exhaust pipe 9, secondary combustion structure 10, quenching chamber 11, flue gas purification device 12, induced draft fan 13, water vapor circulation pipe 14, second air pump 15, eccentric rotating grate structure 16, secondary combustion chamber 17, confluence hood 18, ventilation pipe 19, air distribution sleeve 20, second air inlet pipe 21, third air pump 22, air distribution sleeve 23, ventilation hole 24, ignition device 25, support base 26, rotating base 27, eccentric rod 28, grate 29, ventilation groove 30, transmission wheel 31, transmission belt 32, driving wheel 33, motor 34, fixed base 35. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Example 1:

[0022] like Figure 1-5 In the embodiment, an easy-to-discharge slag combustion furnace based on environmental protection includes a combustion furnace 1, which is provided with a support frame 2 and a feed hopper 3. The combustion furnace 1 is provided with a first air inlet pipe 4 and a slag discharge hopper 6. The first air inlet pipe 4 is provided with a first air pump 5. A conveying device 7 is provided directly below the slag discharge hopper 6. The top of the combustion furnace 1 is connected to the exhaust pipe 9 through an air collecting hood 8. The exhaust pipe 9 is provided with a secondary combustion structure 10, a quenching chamber 11, a flue gas purification device 12 and an induced draft fan 13. An eccentric rotating grate structure 16 is provided in the combustion furnace 1.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment, the eccentric rotating grate structure 16 includes a support base 26 arranged in the combustion furnace 1, and the support base 26 is provided with a rotating base 27 that rotates with it. The rotating base 27 is connected to the grate 29 through an eccentric rod 28. The grate 29 is provided with multiple groups of air grooves 30. The bottom of the rotating base 27 is provided with a transmission wheel 31, and the transmission wheel 31 is transmitted through a transmission belt 32 that cooperates with it and a driving wheel 33 arranged on the output end of the motor 34. The motor 34 is connected to the outer wall of the combustion furnace 1 through a fixed base 35.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the grate 29 is a conical structure.

[0025] In a preferred solution, the combustion furnace 1 is provided with a water vapor circulation pipe 14 , and the water vapor circulation pipe 14 is provided with a second air pump 15 .

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, the secondary combustion structure 10 includes a secondary combustion chamber 17 arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe 9, a collector 18 is provided at one end of the secondary combustion chamber 17, and multiple groups of ventilation pipes 19 are provided at the other end of the secondary combustion chamber 17. The ventilation pipes 19 are connected to the second air intake pipe 21 through an air distribution sleeve 20. The second air intake pipe 21 is provided with a third air pump 22. An air distribution sleeve 23 is provided in the secondary combustion chamber 17, and multiple groups of ventilation holes 24 are provided on the air distribution sleeve 23. The secondary combustion chamber 17 is provided with an ignition device 25 that cooperates with the air distribution sleeve 23.

[0027] In a preferred solution, the air distribution sleeve 23 is a gradually expanding structure, with the end with a smaller diameter close to the combustion furnace 1.

[0028] Example 2:

[0029] like Figure 1-5 In the present invention, the method of use is:

[0030] 1) When put into operation, start the induced draft fan 13, the first air supply pump 5, the second air supply pump 15 and the third air supply pump 22 in sequence, and adjust the air volume at each location to maintain the rated operating conditions;

[0031] 2) Start the conveying device 7, motor 34, quenching chamber 11 and flue gas purification device 12 and maintain stable operation;

[0032] 3) Materials are fed into the combustion furnace 1 from the feed hopper 3 and ignited. The waste materials are dried, carbonized, and oxidized in the combustion furnace 1 to become slag. The slag falls due to the eccentric rotation of the grate 29 due to the change in the distance between the grate 29 and the combustion furnace 1, and is discharged to the outside through the slag hopper 6 and the conveyor device 7;

[0033] During the combustion of the waste materials, intense redox and water-gas reactions occur in the combustion furnace 1. The generated gases such as H2, CO, and CO2 are discharged through the exhaust pipe 9. At the same time, the water vapor in the upper part of the combustion furnace 1 is sent to the reduction reaction layer in the combustion furnace 1 by the water vapor circulation pipe 14 through the second air supply pump 15, where it continues to react with carbon in the water-gas reaction to produce H2 and CO, thereby improving the gas quality.

[0034] 5) Under the action of the induced draft fan 13, gases such as H2, CO, and CO2 enter the secondary combustion structure 10 through the exhaust pipe 9. The gas flow rate is reduced by the gradually expanding air distribution sleeve 23. At the same time, the third air pump 22 operates, and the gas enters the secondary combustion chamber 17 through the ventilation holes 24 and into the air distribution sleeve 23. In conjunction with the ignition device 25, a strong oxidation reaction occurs, reaching a temperature of up to 1200°C. The flue gas stays in the secondary combustion chamber for at least two seconds, completely cracking dioxins and tar.

[0035] 6) Finally, the flue gas after secondary combustion is processed in the quenching chamber 11 and the flue gas purification device 12 in sequence, and the flue gas that meets the standards is discharged into the atmosphere through the tail end of the exhaust pipe 9.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: an easy-to-discharge slag combustion furnace based on environmental protection includes a combustion furnace, a support frame and a feed hopper are provided on the combustion furnace, a first air inlet pipe and a slag discharge hopper are provided on the combustion furnace, a first air pump is provided on the first air inlet pipe, a conveying device is provided directly below the slag discharge hopper, the top of the combustion furnace is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe through an air collecting hood, the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a secondary combustion structure, a quenching chamber, a flue gas purification device and an induced draft fan, and an eccentric rotating grate structure is provided in the combustion furnace.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly slag-discharging combustion furnace, comprising a combustion furnace (1), a support frame (2) and a feed hopper (3) being provided on the combustion furnace (1), and characterized in that: The combustion furnace (1) is provided with a first air inlet pipe (4) and a slag discharge hopper (6); the first air inlet pipe (4) is provided with a first air pump (5); a conveying device (7) is provided just below the slag discharge hopper (6); the top of the combustion furnace (1) is connected to a smoke exhaust pipe (9) through an air collecting hood (8); the smoke exhaust pipe (9) is provided with a secondary combustion structure (10), a quenching chamber (11), a smoke purification device (12) and an induced draft fan (13); an eccentric rotating grate structure (16) is provided in the combustion furnace (1); The eccentric rotating grate structure (16) includes a support base (26) arranged in the combustion furnace (1), a rotating base (27) that rotates with the support base (26), the rotating base (27) is connected to the grate (29) through an eccentric rod (28), the grate (29) is provided with a plurality of groups of air-permeable grooves (30), a transmission wheel (31) is provided at the bottom of the rotating base (27), the transmission wheel (31) is driven by a driving wheel (33) arranged on the output end of the motor (34) through a transmission belt (32) that cooperates with the rotating base, and the motor (34) is connected to the outer wall of the combustion furnace (1) through a fixed base (35); The secondary combustion structure (10) includes a secondary combustion chamber (17) arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe (9), a confluence cover (18) is provided at one end of the secondary combustion chamber (17), and a plurality of ventilation pipes (19) are provided at the other end of the secondary combustion chamber (17), the ventilation pipes (19) are connected to the second air inlet pipe (21) through an air distribution sleeve (20), the second air inlet pipe (21) is provided with a third air pump (22), an air distribution sleeve (23) is provided in the secondary combustion chamber (17), the air distribution sleeve (23) is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes (24), and an ignition device (25) that cooperates with the air distribution sleeve (23) is provided on the secondary combustion chamber (17).

2. The environmentally friendly slag-discharging combustion furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grate (29) is a conical structure.

3. The environmentally friendly slag-discharging combustion furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The combustion furnace (1) is provided with a water vapor circulation pipe (14), and the water vapor circulation pipe (14) is provided with a second air supply pump (15).

4. The environmentally friendly slag-discharging combustion furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air distribution sleeve (23) is a gradually expanding structure, with the end with a smaller diameter being closer to the combustion furnace (1).

5. The method for using the environmentally friendly slag discharge combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) When the system is put into operation, the induced draft fan (13), the first air supply pump (5), the second air supply pump (15), and the third air supply pump (22) are started in sequence, and the air volume at each location is adjusted to maintain the rated operating conditions; 2) starting the conveying device (7), the motor (34), the quenching chamber (11) and the flue gas purification device (12) and maintaining stable operation; 3) feeding materials from the feed hopper (3) into the combustion furnace (1) and igniting the combustion furnace (1), wherein the garbage materials are dried, carbonized, and oxidized in the combustion furnace (1) to become slag, and the slag falls due to the change in the distance between the grate (29) and the combustion furnace (1) through the eccentric rotation of the grate (29), and is discharged to the outside through the slag discharge hopper (6) and the conveying device (7); 4) During the combustion of the garbage materials, intense redox and water-gas reactions occur in the combustion furnace (1), and the generated gases such as H2, CO, and CO2 are discharged through the exhaust pipe (9). At the same time, the water vapor in the upper part of the combustion furnace (1) is sent to the reduction reaction layer in the combustion furnace (1) through the water vapor circulation pipe (14) via the second air supply pump (15) to continue the water-gas reaction with carbon to produce H2 and CO, thereby improving the gas quality; 5) Under the action of the induced draft fan (13), gases such as H2, CO, and CO2 enter the secondary combustion structure (10) through the exhaust pipe (9), and the gas flow rate is reduced by the gradually expanding air distribution sleeve (23). At the same time, the third air supply pump (22) works, and the gas enters the secondary combustion chamber (17) through the ventilation hole (24) and enters the air distribution sleeve (23). In conjunction with the ignition device (25), a strong oxidation reaction occurs, and the temperature reaches up to 1200°C. The flue gas stays in it for at least two seconds, and dioxins and tar are completely cracked; VI) Finally, the flue gas after secondary combustion passes through the quenching chamber (11) and the flue gas purification device (12) in sequence, and the flue gas that meets the standards is discharged into the atmosphere through the tail end of the exhaust pipe (9).

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