Power battery assembly, battery management system and electric vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a power battery assembly, a battery management system and an electric vehicle, wherein the power battery assembly comprises an electric cell explosion-proof valve, an electric cell, a heat collecting device and a busbar; the electric cell explosion-proof valve is connected with the electric cell, the heat collecting device is arranged above the electric cell and is used for absorbing and discharging hot smoke and molten slag generated when the electric cell is in thermal runaway; the busbar comprises a female plug end, a first buffer deformation structure and a first magnetic part, one end of the first buffer deformation structure is fixed to the electric cell, the other end of the first buffer deformation structure is connected with the female plug end, and the first magnetic part is fixedly connected with the female plug end; the busbar further comprises a male plug end, a second buffer deformation structure and a second magnetic part, one end of the second buffer deformation structure is fixed to the electric cell, the other end of the second buffer deformation structure is connected with the male plug end, and the second magnetic part is fixedly connected with the female plug end. The application can restore the power supply circuit after the electric cell is in thermal runaway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to power batteries, and more specifically, to a power battery assembly, a battery management system, and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, battery systems cannot be recovered after thermal runaway, which can lead to vehicles losing power or even rear-end collisions when thermal runaway occurs on the road. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a power battery assembly, a battery management system, and an electric vehicle, which have the advantage of being able to restore the power supply circuit after thermal runaway of the battery cell.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a power battery assembly, the power battery assembly comprising a cell explosion-proof valve, a cell, a heat collection device, and a busbar;

[0005] The cell explosion-proof valve is connected to the cell, and the heat collection device is placed on top of the cell to absorb and discharge the hot smoke and molten slag generated when the cell experiences thermal runaway.

[0006] The bus includes a female connector, a first buffer deformation structure, and a first magnetic component. One end of the first buffer deformation structure is fixed to the battery cell, and the other end of the first buffer deformation structure is connected to the female connector. The first magnetic component is fixedly connected to the female connector.

[0007] The bus also includes a male connector, a second buffer deformation structure, and a second magnetic component. One end of the second buffer deformation structure is fixed to the battery cell, and the other end of the second buffer deformation structure is connected to the male connector. The second magnetic component is fixedly connected to the female connector.

[0008] In this embodiment, with the above structure, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, it generates high-temperature smoke and molten slag. This high-temperature smoke and molten slag are released from the cell's explosion-proof valve and absorbed by the heat collection device. This allows the high-temperature smoke and molten slag generated by the thermally runaway cell to be discharged through the heat collection device, preventing them from affecting other battery cells. Furthermore, while preventing the high-temperature smoke and molten slag generated by the thermally runaway cell from affecting other battery cells, the bus's female connector, first buffer deformation structure, and first magnetic component, along with the male connector, second buffer deformation structure, and second magnetic component, enable the entire power battery assembly's circuit to be restored from an open state to a conductive state, thereby preventing the vehicle from losing power in a timely manner.

[0009] Specifically, when it is necessary to restore the circuit state, the magnetic force generated by the first and second magnetic components can cause the female and male terminals to move closer to each other under the action of the magnetic force until they are connected, thus restoring the circuit from the disconnected state to the conductive state. During this process, since the female terminal is connected to the first buffer deformation structure, it can expand and contract under the action of the magnetic force. Correspondingly, since the male terminal is connected to the second buffer deformation structure, it can also expand and contract, ultimately causing the male and female terminals to expand and contract under the action of the magnetic force and reconnect with each other.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, this application can restore the power supply circuit of the battery system after a cell runs away, thereby avoiding the continuous power outage or circuit breakage of the battery system caused by the thermal runaway of individual cells.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the power battery assembly further includes a smoke exhaust fan, and the heat collection device includes a smoke exhaust channel and a smoke exhaust port, the smoke exhaust port being connected to the smoke exhaust channel and the smoke exhaust fan, and the cell explosion-proof valve being abutted in the smoke exhaust channel.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the power battery assembly further includes a heat insulation pad, wherein the heat insulation pad is installed between the cell explosion-proof valve and the smoke exhaust channel;

[0013] The heat insulation pad is provided with a tongue, which is used to discharge hot smoke and molten slag released from the cell explosion-proof valve.

[0014] In an optional implementation, the heat insulation pad is made of aerogel.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the power battery assembly further includes a lower water-cooling plate, the side surface of which and the upper surface of which are in contact with the battery cell.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the power battery assembly further includes an intermediate water-cooling plate, the side of which is attached to the battery cell.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the male connector includes an elastic deformation structure and a guide angle, wherein the guide angle is used to guide the elastic deformation structure to connect with the female connector.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the female plug includes a support and a connecting mating surface, wherein the first magnetic element is fixed on the support, the connecting mating surface is fixedly connected to the support, and the connecting mating surface is used to connect with the elastic deformation structure.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery management system, which is applied to a power battery assembly as described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The battery management system includes a voltage detection unit and a controller, wherein the voltage detection unit is electrically connected to the controller.

[0020] The voltage detection unit is used to detect the voltage of the battery cell and output a voltage detection signal to the controller;

[0021] The controller is used to receive the voltage detection signal and output a drive signal to the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component, so that the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component generate magnetism and attract each other.

[0022] The second aspect of this application, through a voltage detection unit and a controller, enables the magnetic components on the male and female terminals of the bus or output electrode to be driven when the voltage of the thermally runaway cell drops to a certain value. This causes the magnetic materials of the male and female terminals to have opposite magnetic properties and attract each other, thus completing the mating connection between the male and female terminals. This prevents individual cells from thermally running away and causing the battery system to lose power or the circuit to break.

[0023] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle including a power battery assembly as described in any of the foregoing embodiments and a battery management system as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0024] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power battery assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another power battery assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another power battery assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is an installation schematic diagram of a heat collection device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point K in the diagram;

[0031] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Top view;

[0032] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Sectional view at point E;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat collection device disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat insulation pad provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a battery cell with a lower water-cooling plate and an intermediate water-cooling plate, as disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lower water-cooled plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a bus structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another bus structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Icons: 1-Battery cell; 2-Battery cell explosion-proof valve; 3-Busbar; 4-Heat collector; 5-Insulation pad; 301-Female plug; 302-First magnetic component; 303-First buffer deformation structure; 304-Male plug; 305-Second magnetic component; 306-Second buffer deformation structure; 401-Exhaust port; 402-Exhaust channel; 501-Tongue opening; 601-Lower water-cooled plate; 602-Middle water-cooled plate; 3011-Connecting mating surface; 3012-Support; 3041-Elastic deformation structure; 3042-Guide angle; 6011-Middle water-cooled plate nozzle; 6012-End sealing surface. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power battery assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another power battery assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another power battery assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the power battery assembly of this application embodiment includes a cell explosion-proof valve 2, a cell 1, a heat collection device 4, and a busbar 3. The power battery assembly includes multiple cells 1, and the busbar 3 is used to connect multiple cells 1. Specifically, one electrical terminal of the busbar 3 is electrically connected to the output electrode of one cell 1, and the other electrical terminal of the busbar 3 is electrically connected to the output electrode of another cell 1. In this way, multiple cells 1 can be connected through the busbar 3.

[0044] In this embodiment, the cell explosion-proof valve 2 is disposed above and connected to the cell 1. The cell explosion-proof valve 2 communicates with the interior of the cell 1, allowing hot fumes and molten slag released from inside the cell 1 to be released to the outside through the cell explosion-proof valve 2. Furthermore, each cell 1 has an independent cell explosion-proof valve 2.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is an installation diagram of a heat collection device 4 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified diagram of point K in the image. (See image for reference.) Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the heat collection device 4 is installed above the battery cell 1. In this way, the heat collection device 4 can absorb and discharge the hot smoke and molten slag discharged from the battery cell explosion-proof valve 2 when the battery cell 1 experiences thermal runaway.

[0046] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Top view, Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A sectional view at point E. (See example) Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the busbar 3 includes a female plug 301, a first buffer deformation structure 303 and a first magnetic element 302. One end of the first buffer deformation structure 303 is fixed to the battery cell 1, and the other end of the first buffer deformation structure 303 is connected to the female plug 301. The first magnetic element 302 is fixedly connected to the female plug 301.

[0047] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the busbar 3 also includes a male connector 304, a second buffer deformation structure 306, and a second magnetic component 305. One end of the second buffer deformation structure 306 is fixed to the battery cell 1, and the other end of the second buffer deformation structure 306 is connected to the male connector 304. The second magnetic component 305 is fixedly connected to the female connector 301.

[0048] It should be noted that a bus 3 integrates a female connector 301 and a male connector 304, specifically, as shown in... Figure 6 As shown, the female terminal 301 of a busbar 3 mates with the male terminal 304 of an adjacent busbar 3, and its male terminal 304 mates with the female terminal 301 of the adjacent busbar 3.

[0049] In this embodiment, with the above structure, when a battery cell 1 experiences thermal runaway, the battery cell 1 generates high-temperature smoke and molten slag, which are released from the battery cell explosion-proof valve 2. The high-temperature smoke and molten slag released from the battery cell explosion-proof valve 2 are then absorbed by the heat collection device 4. This allows the high-temperature smoke and molten slag generated by the thermally runaway battery cell 1 to be discharged through the heat collection device 4, preventing the high-temperature smoke and molten slag from affecting other battery cells 1. Furthermore, while preventing the high-temperature smoke and molten slag generated by the thermally runaway battery cell 1 from affecting other battery cells 1, the female connector 301, the first buffer deformation structure 303, and the first magnetic component 302, the male connector 304, the second buffer deformation structure 306, and the second magnetic component 305 of the busbar 3 enable the entire power battery assembly circuit to be restored from an open state to a conductive state, thereby preventing the vehicle from losing power in a timely manner.

[0050] Specifically, when it is necessary to restore the circuit state, the magnetic force generated by the first magnetic element 302 and the second magnetic element 305 can cause the female plug 301 and the male plug 304 to move closer to each other under the action of the magnetic force until they are connected, and finally restore the circuit from the disconnected state to the conductive state. In this process, since the female plug 301 is connected to the first buffer deformation structure 303, the female plug 301 can stretch and deform under the action of the magnetic force. Correspondingly, since the male plug 304 is connected to the second buffer deformation structure 306, it can also stretch and deform. Finally, the male plug 304 and the female plug 301 stretch and deform under the action of the magnetic force and reconnect with each other.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application can restore the power supply circuit of the battery system after the cell runs away, thereby avoiding the continuous power outage or circuit breakage of the battery system caused by the thermal runaway of individual cells 1.

[0052] In an optional implementation, the power battery assembly also includes a smoke exhaust fan; see below for details. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat collection device 4 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the heat collection device 4 includes a smoke exhaust channel 402 and a smoke exhaust port 401. The smoke exhaust port 401 is connected to the smoke exhaust channel 402 and the smoke exhaust fan. The smoke exhaust channel 402 is in contact with the explosion-proof valve 2.

[0053] This optional implementation can absorb the high-temperature hot smoke and molten slag released by the cell explosion-proof valve 2 through the smoke exhaust channel 402 and smoke exhaust port 401.

[0054] In alternative implementations, such as Figure 5 As shown, the power battery assembly also includes a heat insulation pad 5, which is installed between the cell explosion-proof valve 2 and the smoke exhaust channel 402. Further details can be found in the following documentation. Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat insulation pad 5 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the heat insulation pad 5 has a tongue-shaped opening 501, which is used to discharge hot fumes and molten slag released from the cell explosion-proof valve 2. Furthermore, the heat insulation pad 5 is made of aerogel, and the heat insulation pad 5 is adhered to the smoke exhaust channel 402.

[0055] In this optional embodiment, the heat insulation pad 5 can reduce the probability that the high-temperature smoke and slag released by the runaway battery cell 1 will heat other battery cells 1. Since the multiple exhaust channels 402 of the heat collection device 4 are connected, the high-temperature smoke and slag entering from one exhaust channel 402 will flow into other exhaust channels 402, thereby reheating the battery cells 1 corresponding to other exhaust channels 402. In this embodiment, the heat insulation pad 5 can reduce the heat transfer of high-temperature smoke and slag to other battery cells 1.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the power battery assembly further includes a lower water-cooling plate 601. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a battery cell 1 with a lower water-cooled plate 601 and an intermediate water-cooled plate 602, as disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, the side surface and upper surface of the lower water-cooling plate 601 are attached to the battery cell 1. Further, as... Figure 10 As shown, the power battery assembly also includes an intermediate water-cooling plate 602, the side of which is attached to the battery cell 1.

[0057] In this embodiment, the lower water-cooled plate 601 and the middle water-cooled plate 602 can accelerate the cooling of the thermally runaway battery cell 1. At the same time, the combination of the side of the lower water-cooled plate 601, the large surface of the middle water-cooled plate 602, and the upper surface of the lower water-cooled plate 601 can form a multi-faceted heat exchange effect, thereby achieving a better cooling effect.

[0058] Further, please refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lower water-cooled plate 601 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 As shown, the lower water-cooled plate 601 includes a cavity for water circulation to absorb the heat dissipated by the battery cell 1. More specifically, the cavity of the lower water-cooled plate 601 is U-shaped, thus forming the side and upper surfaces of the lower water-cooled plate 601. More specifically, the upper surface of the lower water-cooled plate 601 is provided with an intermediate water-cooled plate inlet 6011. Through the intermediate water-cooled plate inlet 6011, the intermediate water-cooled plate 602 communicates with the lower water-cooled plate 601, allowing cooling water to enter the intermediate water-cooled plate 602.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, the two ends of the cavity of the lower water-cooled plate 601 are end sealing surfaces 6012, wherein the end sealing surfaces 6012 are used to fix and seal with the end plate.

[0060] In the optional implementation, please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a busbar 3 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 12As shown, the male connector 304 includes an elastic deformation structure 3041 and a guide angle 3042, wherein the guide angle 3042 is used to guide the elastic deformation structure 3041 to connect with the female connector 301.

[0061] In the optional implementation, please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another busbar 3 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the female plug end 301 includes a support 3012 and a connecting mating surface 3011. The first magnetic element 302 is fixed on the support 3012, and the connecting mating surface 3011 is fixedly connected to the support 3012. The connecting mating surface 3011 is used to connect with the elastic deformation structure 3041.

[0062] In addition, this application embodiment also provides a battery management system, which is applied to a power battery assembly as described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The battery management system includes a voltage detection unit and a controller, and the voltage detection unit and the controller are electrically connected.

[0063] The voltage detection unit is used to detect the voltage of cell 1 and output a voltage detection signal to the controller;

[0064] The controller is used to receive voltage detection signals and output drive signals to the first magnetic element 302 and the second magnetic element 305, so that the first magnetic element 302 and the second magnetic element 305 generate magnetism and attract each other.

[0065] In this embodiment, by means of a voltage detection unit and a controller, when the voltage of the thermally runaway cell 1 drops to a certain value, the magnetic components of the male terminal 304 and female terminal 301 on the busbar 3 or the output pole are driven, so that the magnetic materials of the male terminal 304 and the female terminal 301 are opposite and attract each other, so that the male and female terminals are connected by a mating. In this way, the thermal runaway of individual cells 1 will not lead to the power outage of the battery system or the circuit being broken.

[0066] In another aspect, embodiments of this application also provide an electric vehicle, which includes a power battery assembly as described in any of the foregoing embodiments and a battery management system as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0067] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0068] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power battery assembly, characterized in that: The power battery assembly includes a cell explosion-proof valve, a cell, a heat collection device, and a busbar; The cell explosion-proof valve is connected to the cell, and the heat collection device is placed on top of the cell to absorb and discharge the hot smoke and molten slag generated when the cell experiences thermal runaway. The bus includes a female connector, a first buffer deformation structure, and a first magnetic component. One end of the first buffer deformation structure is fixed to the battery cell, and the other end of the first buffer deformation structure is connected to the female connector. The first magnetic component is fixedly connected to the female connector. The busbar also includes a male connector, a second buffer deformation structure, and a second magnetic component. One end of the second buffer deformation structure is fixed to the battery cell, and the other end of the second buffer deformation structure is connected to the male connector. The second magnetic component is fixedly connected to the male connector. Through the female connector, the first buffer deformation structure and the first magnetic component, the male connector, the second buffer deformation structure and the second magnetic component of the busbar, the circuit of the power battery assembly is restored from the disconnected state to the conductive state, thereby restoring power to the vehicle.

2. The power battery assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power battery assembly also includes a smoke exhaust fan, and the heat collection device includes a smoke exhaust channel and a smoke exhaust port. The smoke exhaust port is connected to the smoke exhaust channel and the smoke exhaust fan, and the cell explosion-proof valve abuts against the smoke exhaust channel.

3. The power battery assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The power battery assembly also includes a heat insulation pad, wherein the heat insulation pad is installed between the cell explosion-proof valve and the smoke exhaust channel; The heat insulation pad is provided with a tongue, which is used to discharge hot smoke and molten slag released from the cell explosion-proof valve.

4. The power battery assembly as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The heat insulation pad is made of aerogel.

5. The power battery assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power battery assembly also includes a lower water-cooling plate, the side surface of which and the upper surface of which are in contact with the battery cell.

6. The power battery assembly as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The power battery assembly also includes an intermediate water-cooling plate, the side of which is attached to the battery cell.

7. The power battery assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The male connector includes an elastic deformation structure and a guide angle, wherein the guide angle is used to guide the elastic deformation structure to connect with the female connector.

8. The power battery assembly as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The female connector includes a support and a connecting mating surface, wherein the first magnetic element is fixed on the support, the connecting mating surface is fixedly connected to the support, and the connecting mating surface is used to connect with the elastic deformation structure.

9. A battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system is applied to the power battery assembly as described in any one of claims 1-8, and the battery management system includes a voltage detection unit and a controller, wherein the voltage detection unit is electrically connected to the controller; The voltage detection unit is used to detect the voltage of the battery cell and output a voltage detection signal to the controller; The controller is used to receive the voltage detection signal and output a drive signal to the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component, so that the first magnetic component and the second magnetic component generate magnetism and attract each other.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The electric vehicle includes a power battery assembly as described in any one of claims 1-8 and a battery management system as described in claim 9.

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