Bone conduction speaker

Abstract

The application discloses a bone conduction loudspeaker, which comprises a driving device, a panel and a shell. The driving device is used for generating a driving force. The panel is in transmission connection with the driving device. The whole or part of the panel is used for contacting or abutting against a user's body to conduct sound. The driving device is horizontally arranged in the shell. The panel is obliquely covered on the shell, so that the normal line of the area of the panel used for contacting or abutting against the user's body is not parallel to the straight line where the driving force is located.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This invention is a divisional application of Chinese patent application filed on January 5, 2019, with application number 2019800400946 and title "A Bone Conduction Speaker and Headphones".

[0003] The parent application claims priority to Chinese application No. 201810623408.2, filed on June 15, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0004] This invention relates to a loudspeaker, and more particularly to a bone conduction loudspeaker. Background Technology

[0005] Normally, humans can hear sounds because air vibrates through the ear canal, transmitting vibrations to the eardrum. These vibrations then stimulate the auditory nerve, allowing us to perceive sound. Bone conduction speakers, when in operation, transmit sound through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and bones to the auditory nerve, enabling us to hear sounds. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a bone conduction speaker, which includes a driver, a panel, and a housing. The driver generates a driving force, and the panel is connected to the driver. All or part of the panel is used to contact or abut against the user's body to conduct sound. The driver is horizontally disposed inside the housing, and the panel is tilted and covers the housing, such that the normal of the area on the panel used to contact or abut against the user's body is not parallel to the line where the driving force is located.

[0007] In some implementations, the area on the panel that comes into contact with or rests against the user's body is a plane or a quasi-plane; when the area on the panel that comes into contact with or rests against the user's body is a quasi-plane, the normal of the area is the average normal of the area, and the average normal is:

[0008]

[0009] The average normal; Let ds be the normal to any point on the surface, and let ds be the surface element.

[0010] In some implementations, the angle between the normal to any point in at least 50% of the region on the quasi-plane and its average normal is less than a set threshold.

[0011] In some implementations, the threshold is set to be less than 10°.

[0012] In some implementations, the angle between the line containing the driving force and the normal is any value between 5° and 80°.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker includes a housing that mates with a panel to form a cavity for accommodating a drive unit, which includes a coil and a magnetic circuit assembly, with the coil wholly or partially fitted into a magnetic gap in the magnetic circuit assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker includes a first transmission assembly and a transducer plate. A portion of the first transmission assembly is an annular structure adapted to the coil structure and connected to one end face of the coil. Another portion of the first transmission assembly is a connecting rod connected to a panel and / or housing. One annular end face of the magnetic circuit assembly is connected to the outer edge of the transducer plate. The first transmission assembly passes through and is fixedly connected to the central region of the transducer plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker includes a first transmission assembly, a transducer, and a second transmission assembly. A portion of the first transmission assembly has a flanged structure, the flange being annular and adapted to the structure of the coil, and the flange being connected to the coil. Another portion of the first transmission assembly is a connecting rod, which is connected to the panel and / or housing. The second transmission assembly is connected between the magnetic circuit assembly and the transducer, the edge of the transducer is fixed to the flange, and the center of the transducer is connected to one end of the second transmission assembly.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker includes a first transmission assembly, a transducer, and a second transmission assembly. A portion of the first transmission assembly has an annular structure adapted to the coil structure and is connected to one end face of the coil. Another portion of the first transmission assembly is a connecting rod connected to the panel. The bottom surface of the magnetic circuit assembly is connected to the transducer via the second transmission assembly, and the outer edge of the transducer is connected to the housing.

[0017] In some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker includes a first transmission assembly, a first transducer, a second transducer, and a second transmission assembly. A portion of the first transmission assembly has a flanged structure, the flange being annular and adapted to the structure of the coil, and the flange being connected to the coil. Another portion of the first transmission assembly is a connecting rod connected to the panel. The second transmission assembly is connected between the magnetic circuit assembly and the first transducer. The edge of the first transducer is fixed to the flange, the center of the first transducer is connected to one end of the second transmission assembly, the edge of the second transducer is connected to the open end face of the housing, and the first transmission assembly passes through the middle region of the second transducer and is fixedly connected to it. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention has been further described with reference to exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are non-limiting exemplary embodiments, wherein similar reference numerals denote similar structures in at least two views of the drawings, and wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the application scenario and structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an included angle direction provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a bone conduction loudspeaker acting on human skin and bones according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the angle-relative displacement relationship of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a frequency response curve of a bone conduction loudspeaker provided according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the low-frequency portion of the frequency response curve of a bone conduction loudspeaker at different included angles θ according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the high-frequency band portion of the frequency response curves of bone conduction loudspeakers made of different panel and housing materials provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9A This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9B This is a schematic diagram of the component disassembly structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker as shown in a product example according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9C It is based on Figure 9B The diagram shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bone conduction loudspeaker.

[0030] Figure 9D , 9E This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support in the bone conduction loudspeaker provided in some specific embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment Six of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention; and

[0037] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 17 This is a flowchart of a method for setting up a bone conduction loudspeaker according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the application scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] As indicated in this specification and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include plural forms. Generally, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. The term "based on" means "at least partially based on." The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment." Definitions of other terms will be given in the description below.

[0041] Without loss of generality, the descriptions of bone conduction-related technologies in this invention will use the terms "bone conduction speaker" or "bone conduction headphones." This description represents only one form of bone conduction application, and for those skilled in the art, "speaker" or "headphones" can be replaced with other similar terms, such as "player" or "hearing aid." In fact, the various implementations of this invention can be readily applied to other non-speaker-type hearing devices. For example, those skilled in the art, after understanding the basic principles of bone conduction speakers, may make various formal and detailed modifications and changes to the specific methods and steps of implementing bone conduction speakers without departing from these principles. In particular, adding environmental sound pickup and processing functions to the bone conduction speaker enables it to function as a hearing aid. For example, microphones and other transducers can pick up sounds from the user's / wearer's surroundings and, under certain algorithms, process the sound (or generate electrical signals) and transmit it to the bone conduction speaker section. In essence, bone conduction speakers can be modified to pick up ambient sound, and after signal processing, the sound is transmitted to the user / wearer through the bone conduction speaker, thus realizing the function of a bone conduction hearing aid. For example, the algorithms mentioned here may include one or more combinations of noise cancellation, automatic gain control, acoustic feedback suppression, wide dynamic range compression, active environment recognition, active noise cancellation, directional processing, tinnitus processing, multi-channel wide dynamic range compression, active howling suppression, and volume control.

[0042] Bone conduction speakers transmit sound through the bones to the auditory system, thus producing hearing. Generally, bone conduction speakers generate and conduct sound through the following steps: Step 1, the bone conduction speaker acquires or generates a signal containing sound information, such as a current signal and / or voltage signal carrying audio information; Step 2, the drive device, or transducer, in the bone conduction speaker vibrates according to the signal; Step 3, the vibration is transmitted to the speaker's panel or housing through a transmission component.

[0043] Specifically, in step 1, the bone conduction speaker can acquire or generate signals containing sound information in different ways. Sound information can refer to video or audio files with a specific data format, or generally, data or files that can ultimately be converted into sound through a specific means. Signals containing sound information can originate from the bone conduction speaker's own storage unit, or from information generation, storage, or transmission systems outside the bone conduction speaker. The sound signals discussed here are not limited to electrical signals, but can also include other forms such as optical signals, magnetic signals, and mechanical signals. In principle, as long as the signal contains sound information that the speaker can use to generate vibrations, it can be processed as a sound signal. Sound signals are not limited to a single signal source and can come from multiple signal sources. These multiple signal sources can be related or unrelated. The transmission or generation of sound signals can be wired or wireless, and can be real-time or delayed. For example, the bone conduction speaker can receive electrical signals containing sound information via wired or wireless means, or it can directly acquire data from a storage medium to generate sound signals. In some embodiments, a component with sound acquisition function can be added to the bone conduction hearing aid. By picking up ambient background sound and processing the received sound signal, noise reduction can be achieved. Wired connections include, but are not limited to, the use of metal cables, optical cables, or hybrid metal and optical cables, such as: coaxial cables, communication cables, flexible cables, spiral cables, non-metallic sheathed cables, metallic sheathed cables, multi-core cables, twisted-pair cables, ribbon cables, shielded cables, telecommunication cables, two-strand cables, parallel two-core conductors, and twisted-pair wires.

[0044] The examples described above are for illustrative purposes only. The medium for wired connections can also be other types, such as other electrical or optical signal transmission carriers. Wireless connections include, but are not limited to, radio communication, free-space optical communication, acoustic communication, and electromagnetic induction. Radio communication includes, but is not limited to, IEEE 302.11 series standards, IEEE 302.15 series standards (e.g., Bluetooth and ZigBee technologies), first-generation mobile communication technologies, second-generation mobile communication technologies (e.g., FDMA, TDMA, SDMA, CDMA, and SSMA), General Packet Radio Service technologies, third-generation mobile communication technologies (e.g., CDMA2000, WCDMA, TD-SCDMA, and WiMAX), fourth-generation mobile communication technologies (e.g., TD-LTE and FDD-LTE), satellite communication (e.g., GPS technology), near-field communication (NFC), and other technologies operating in the ISM band (e.g., 2.4GHz); free-space optical communication includes, but is not limited to, visible light and infrared signals; acoustic communication includes, but is not limited to, sound waves and ultrasonic signals; electromagnetic induction includes, but is not limited to, near-field communication technologies. The examples described above are for illustrative purposes only. The wireless connection medium can also be of other types, such as Z-wave technology, other paid civilian radio frequency bands, and military radio frequency bands. For example, in some application scenarios of this technology, bone conduction speakers can acquire signals containing sound information from other devices via Bluetooth technology, or they can directly acquire data from the bone conduction speaker's built-in storage unit and then generate sound signals.

[0045] The storage devices / storage units referred to here include storage devices on storage systems such as Direct Attached Storage, Network Attached Storage, and Storage Area Network. Storage devices include, but are not limited to, common types of storage devices such as solid-state storage devices (SSDs, hybrid SSDs, etc.), hard disk drives (HDDs), USB flash drives, Memory Sticks, memory cards (such as CF cards, SD cards, etc.), other drives (such as CDs, DVDs, HD DVDs, Blu-rays, etc.), random access memory (RAM), and read-only memory (ROM). RAM includes, but is not limited to: decimal counters, selectors, delay line memory, Williams transistors, dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), thyristor random access memory (T-RAM), and zero-capacitance random access memory (Z-RAM), etc.; ROM includes, but is not limited to: bubble memory, magnetic dot-wire memory, thin film memory, magnetically plated wire memory, magnetic core memory, magnetic drum memory, optical disc drives, hard disks, magnetic tapes, early NVRAM (non-volatile memory), phase-change memory, magnetoresistive random access memory, ferroelectric random access memory, non-volatile SRAM, flash memory, electronically eraseable rewritable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, shielded stacked read-only memory, floating-gate random access memory, nanometer random access memory, track memory, variable resistor memory, and programmable metallized cells, etc. The storage devices / cells mentioned above are just a few examples; the storage devices that can be used with these storage devices / cells are not limited to these.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application scenario and structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the bone conduction loudspeaker includes a drive unit 101, a transmission assembly 102, a panel 103, and a housing 104. The drive unit 101 transmits vibration signals to the panel 103 and / or the housing 104 via the transmission assembly 102, thereby transmitting sound to the human body through contact between the panel 103 or the housing 104 and the human skin. In some embodiments, the panel 103 and / or the housing 104 of the bone conduction loudspeaker may contact the human skin at the tragus, thereby transmitting sound to the human body. In some embodiments, the panel 103 and / or the housing 104 may also contact the human skin behind the auricle.

[0047] Bone conduction loudspeakers convert signals containing sound information into vibrations to produce sound. The generation of vibration involves energy conversion, and bone conduction loudspeakers use specific drive devices to achieve this conversion. This conversion process may involve the coexistence and conversion of multiple different types of energy. For example, electrical signals can be directly converted into mechanical vibrations to produce sound through a transducer. Another example is when sound information is contained in light signals; the drive device can convert the light signal into a vibration signal, or it can first convert the light signal into an electrical signal and then into a vibration signal. Other energy types that can coexist and be converted during the operation of the drive device include thermal energy and magnetic field energy. The energy conversion methods of the drive device include, but are not limited to, moving-coil, electrostatic, piezoelectric, moving-iron, pneumatic, and electromagnetic types. The frequency response range and sound quality of bone conduction loudspeakers are affected by different transducer methods and the performance of various physical components in the drive device. For example, in a moving-coil transducer, a wound cylindrical coil is connected to a transducer. Driven by a signal current, the coil vibrates the transducer in a magnetic field to produce sound. The stretching and contraction of the transducer material, the deformation, size, shape, and fixing method of the folds, as well as the magnetic density of the permanent magnet, all significantly affect the final sound quality of the bone conduction speaker. Furthermore, the transducer can be a mirror-symmetric, centrally symmetric, or asymmetrical structure. It can also have discontinuous perforated structures to allow for greater displacement, thereby enabling the bone conduction speaker to achieve higher sensitivity and increase the output power of vibration and sound. Another example is a toroidal structure with multiple support rods converging towards the center within the toroidal body; the number of support rods can be two or more.

[0048] Clearly, for those skilled in the art, understanding the fundamental principles by which transduction methods and specific devices affect the sound quality of bone conduction loudspeakers allows them to appropriately select, combine, modify, or alter the aforementioned influencing factors without deviating from these principles, thereby achieving ideal sound quality. For example, using high-magnetic-density permanent magnets, more ideal diaphragm materials, and designs can result in better sound quality.

[0049] The term "sound quality" used here can be understood as reflecting the quality of sound, referring to the fidelity of audio after processing and transmission. Sound quality is mainly described by three elements: loudness, pitch, and timbre. Loudness is the subjective perception of the strength of a sound by the human ear, and it is directly proportional to the logarithm of the sound intensity; the greater the sound intensity, the louder it sounds. It is also related to the frequency and waveform of the sound. Pitch, also known as tone, refers to the subjective perception of the highness or lowness of the frequency of sound vibration by the human ear. Pitch mainly depends on the fundamental frequency of the sound; the higher the fundamental frequency, the higher the pitch. It is also related to the intensity of the sound. Timbre refers to the subjective feeling of the characteristics of a sound by the human ear. Timbre mainly depends on the spectral structure of the sound, and is also related to factors such as loudness, duration, build-up process, and decay process. The spectral structure of a sound is described by the fundamental frequency, the number of harmonics, the distribution of harmonics, amplitude, and phase relationship. Different spectral structures result in different timbres. Even if the fundamental frequency and loudness are the same, different harmonic structures will result in different timbres.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in the bone conduction loudspeaker provided according to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the straight line B (or the vibration direction of the driving device) of the driving force generated by the driving device 101 has an angle θ with the normal A of the panel 103. In other words, the straight line B is not parallel to the straight line A.

[0051] The panel has areas that contact or abut against the user's body, such as human skin. It should be understood that when the panel is covered with other materials (such as soft materials like silicone) to enhance user comfort, the relationship between the panel and the user's body is not direct contact, but rather abutment. In some embodiments, when the bone conduction speaker is worn on the user's body, the entire area of ​​the panel contacts or abuts against the user's body. In some embodiments, when the bone conduction speaker is worn on the user's body, a portion of the panel contacts or abuts against the user's body. In some embodiments, the area on the panel for contacting or abutting against the user's body can occupy more than 50% of the total panel area, more preferably more than 60%. Generally, the area on the panel that contacts or abuts against the user's body can be flat or curved.

[0052] In some embodiments, when the area of ​​the panel that is in contact with or against the user's body is a plane, its normal satisfies the general definition of a normal. In some embodiments, when the area of ​​the panel that is in contact with or against the user's body is a curved surface, its normal is the average normal of that area.

[0053] The mean normal is:

[0054]

[0055] The average normal; Let ds be the normal to any point on the surface, and let ds be the surface element.

[0056] Furthermore, the surface is a near-plane, meaning that the angle between the normal to any point within at least 50% of the area on the surface and its average normal is less than a set threshold. In some embodiments, the set threshold is less than 10°; in some embodiments, the set threshold may be further less than 5°.

[0057] In some embodiments, the driving force is located on the straight line B, and the normal A' of the area of ​​the panel 103 used for contact or contact with the user's body forms an angle θ. The angle θ can be in the range of 0 < θ < 180°, and further, it can be 0 < θ < 180° and not equal to 90°. In some embodiments, the straight line B is set to have a positive direction pointing outward from the bone conduction speaker, and the normal A of the panel 103 (or the normal A' of the surface of the panel 103 in contact with the human skin) is also set to have a positive direction pointing outward from the bone conduction speaker. Then, the angle θ formed by the straight line A or A' and the straight line B in its positive direction is an acute angle, i.e., 0 < θ < 90°.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an included angle direction provided by the present invention. For example... Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the driving force generated by the drive device has components in the first and / or third quadrants of the xoy plane coordinate system. The xoy plane coordinate system is a reference coordinate system whose origin o is located on the contact surface between the panel and / or shell of the bone conduction speaker and the human body after the speaker is worn on the body. The x-axis is parallel to the coronal axis of the human body, and the y-axis is parallel to the sagittal axis, with the positive x-axis pointing outwards and the positive y-axis pointing forwards. A quadrant should be understood as four regions divided by the horizontal axis (e.g., the x-axis) and the vertical axis (e.g., the y-axis) in a Cartesian coordinate system; each region is called a quadrant. The quadrants are centered at the origin, with the x and y axes as boundaries. The upper right quadrant (the area enclosed by the positive semi-axis of the x-axis and the positive semi-axis of the y-axis) is called the first quadrant, the upper left quadrant (the area enclosed by the negative semi-axis of the x-axis and the positive semi-axis of the y-axis) is called the second quadrant, the lower left quadrant (the area enclosed by the negative semi-axis of the x-axis and the negative semi-axis of the y-axis) is called the third quadrant, and the lower right quadrant (the area enclosed by the positive semi-axis of the x-axis and the negative semi-axis of the y-axis) is called the fourth quadrant. Points on the coordinate axes do not belong to any quadrant. It should be understood that the driving force described in this embodiment can be directly located in the first and / or third quadrants of the xoy plane coordinate system, or the driving force can be oriented in other directions, but its projection or component in the first and / or third quadrants of the xoy plane coordinate system is not zero, and its projection or component in the z-axis direction can be zero or not zero. The z-axis is perpendicular to the xoy plane and passes through the origin o. In some specific embodiments, the minimum included angle θ between the straight line of the driving force and the normal of the area on the panel that contacts or abuts the user's body can be any acute angle. For example, the range of included angle θ is preferably 5° to 80°; more preferably 15° to 70°; even more preferably 25° to 60°; even more preferably 25° to 50°; even more preferably 28° to 50°; even more preferably 30° to 39°; even more preferably 31° to 38°; more preferably 32° to 37°; even more preferably 33° to 36°; even more preferably 33° to 35.8°; even more preferably 33.5° to 35°. Specifically, the included angle θ can be 26°, 27°, 28°, 29°, 30°, 31°, 32°, 33°, 34°, 34.2°, 35°, 35.8°, 36°, 37°, or 38°, etc., with the error controlled within 0.2 degrees. It should be noted that the above description of the direction of the driving force should not be construed as a limitation on the driving force in this invention. In other embodiments, the driving force may also have components in the second and fourth quadrants of the xoy plane coordinate system, and the driving force may even be located on the y-axis, etc.

[0059] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker acting on human skin and bones according to the present invention. The bone conduction loudspeaker receives, picks up, or generates signals containing sound information, converts the sound information into sound vibrations through a driving device, and transmits the vibrations to the human skin 320 in contact with the panel or shell through a transmission component, and further transmits the vibrations to the human bones 310, so that the user can finally hear the sound. Without loss of generality, the subjects of the hearing system, sensory organs, etc., described above can be humans or animals with hearing systems. It should be noted that the following description of human use of bone conduction loudspeakers does not constitute a limitation on the application scenarios of bone conduction loudspeakers, and similar descriptions can also be applied to other animals.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the bone conduction loudspeaker includes a drive unit (which may also be referred to as a transducer in other embodiments), a transmission assembly 303, a panel 301, and a housing 302.

[0061] The vibration of panel 301 is transmitted to the auditory nerve through tissues and bones, enabling a person to hear sound. Panel 301 can be in direct contact with human skin, or it can be in contact with the skin through a vibration transmission layer composed of a specific material. The part of the body where panel 301 is in contact with the human body can be near the tragus, the mastoid process, behind the ear, or other locations.

[0062] The physical properties of the panel, such as mass, size, shape, stiffness, and vibration damping, all affect the panel's vibration efficiency. Those skilled in the art can select panels made of appropriate materials according to actual needs, or use different molds to injection mold the panels into different shapes. For example, the panel shape can be rectangular, circular, or elliptical; alternatively, the panel shape can be obtained by cutting the edges of a rectangle, circle, or ellipse (e.g., but not limited to, symmetrically cutting a circle to obtain an ellipse or a racetrack shape, etc.). More preferably, the panel can be hollowed out. As merely an example, the panel area can be set as needed; in some specific embodiments, the panel area can be in the range of 20 mm². 2 ~1000mm 2 Specifically, the side length of the panel can range from 5mm to 40mm, or 18mm to 25mm, or 11mm to 18mm. For example, the panel can be a rectangle with a length of 22mm and a width of 14mm, or an ellipse with a major axis of 25mm and a minor axis of 15mm.

[0063] The panel materials mentioned here include, but are not limited to, steel, alloys, plastics, and single or composite materials. Steel includes, but is not limited to, stainless steel and carbon steel. Alloys include, but are not limited to, aluminum alloys, chromium-molybdenum steel, scandium alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, magnesium-lithium alloys, and nickel alloys. Plastics include, but are not limited to, acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polystyrene (PS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester (PES), polycarbonate (PC), polyamides (PA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene, and blown nylon. For single or composite materials, including but not limited to glass fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber, graphite fiber, graphene fiber, silicon carbide fiber or aramid fiber as reinforcing materials; it can also be a composite of other organic and / or inorganic materials, such as various fiberglass reinforced plastics composed of glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin matrix.

[0064] In some other embodiments, the outer side of the bone conduction speaker panel is wrapped with a vibration transmission layer that contacts the skin. The vibration system consisting of the panel and the vibration transmission layer transmits the generated sound vibrations to the body tissue. The vibration transmission layer can be multi-layered. The vibration transmission layer can be made of one or more materials; the material composition of different vibration transmission layers can be the same or different. Multiple vibration transmission layers can be stacked vertically to each other in the direction perpendicular to the panel, or they can be arranged horizontally. The vibration transmission layers can also be stacked at a certain angle to the panel, and the angle between each layer and the panel can be the same or different, or they can be combined arbitrarily in the above manner. The vibration transmission layer can be composed of materials with certain adsorption, flexibility, and chemical properties, such as plastics (e.g., but not limited to high-molecular-weight polyethylene, blown nylon, engineering plastics, etc.), rubber, or other single or composite materials that can achieve the same performance.

[0065] In some embodiments, when the bone conduction speaker is worn on a user's body, the entire area of ​​the panel contacts or rests against the user's body. In some embodiments, when the bone conduction speaker is worn on a user's body, a portion of the panel contacts or rests against the user's body. In some embodiments, the area on the panel for contacting or resting against the user's body can occupy more than 50% of the total panel area, more preferably more than 60% of the panel area. Generally, users' skin is relatively flat. When the area of ​​the panel that contacts the skin is set to a flat surface or a quasi-flat surface without significant undulations, the panel can have a larger contact area with the skin, thereby resulting in a louder volume. For example, the panel can be a composite structure with a flat center and rounded chamfered edges. One advantage of this is that it allows the panel to make full contact with the human skin while also having a curved surface to ensure a comfortable fit for different people.

[0066] In some embodiments, panel 301 can cooperate with housing 302 to form a closed or quasi-closed cavity (e.g., a hole is provided in the panel or housing) to accommodate the drive device. Specifically, panel 301 and housing 302 can be integrally formed, that is, the panel and housing are made of the same material and there is no clear structural boundary between them. Alternatively, panel 301 can be connected to housing 302 by snap-fit, riveting, hot-melt, or welding. In still other embodiments, panel 301 and housing 302 are connected by a connecting medium. The connecting medium can be an adhesive, such as polyurethane, polystyrene, polyacrylate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, shellac, butyl rubber, etc. The connecting medium can also include connecting components with specific structures, such as vibrating elements, connecting rods, etc. The stiffness of the housing, panel itself, and the connection stiffness between the housing and panel all affect the frequency response of the speaker. In some embodiments, both the housing and panel are made of materials with high stiffness, while the stiffness of the connecting medium between the housing and panel is low, causing the panel and housing to vibrate asynchronously when the drive device vibrates. In other embodiments, both the housing and the panel are made of a material with high stiffness, and the connection stiffness between the housing and the panel is also high, resulting in a greater overall stiffness of the vibration system. This leads to a higher frequency response in the resonant components. In some embodiments, by adjusting the stiffness of the panel and housing, the peaks and valleys in the high-frequency range can be adjusted to a higher frequency band. Further description of the relationship between component stiffness and sound quality can be found elsewhere in the text (e.g., Figure 7 ).

[0067] In some embodiments, the housing has high rigidity and is lightweight, enabling it to undergo mechanical vibration as a whole. The housing ensures consistent vibration, creating mutually canceling sound leakage and guaranteeing good sound quality and high volume. In some embodiments, the housing may be perforated or without holes. For example, holes in the housing can be used to adjust sound leakage from the bone conduction speaker.

[0068] Stiffness can be understood as the ability of a material or structure to resist elastic deformation under stress, and it is related to the elastic modulus, shape, structure, or installation method of the component's material. For example, the stiffness of a component is positively correlated with its elastic modulus and thickness, and negatively correlated with its surface area. In specific embodiments, the component can be a panel, a shell, or a transmission assembly, etc. Specifically, the stiffness of a sheet-like component such as a panel can be expressed by the following expression: k∝(Eh^3) / d^2, where k is the panel stiffness, E is the panel elastic modulus, h is the panel thickness, and d is the panel radius. Therefore, the smaller the panel radius, the thicker the panel, and the larger the elastic modulus, the greater the corresponding panel stiffness. In some other embodiments, the stiffness of a rod-shaped or strip-shaped transmission assembly can be expressed by the following expression: k∝(Eh^3w) / l^3, where k is the transmission assembly stiffness, E is the transmission assembly elastic modulus, h is the transmission assembly thickness, w is the transmission assembly width, and l is the transmission assembly length. Therefore, it can be seen that the smaller the length, the thicker the thickness, the larger the width, and the greater the elastic modulus of the transmission component, the greater the stiffness of the corresponding transmission component.

[0069] In some embodiments, the drive unit is located in a closed or semi-closed space formed by the panel and the housing (e.g., where there are openings in the panel or housing); in other embodiments, the drive unit is located in a closed or semi-closed space formed by the housing, and the panel is disposed independently of the housing. Further information regarding the case where the panel and housing are separately disposed can be found in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 15 And related explanations. The drive device is used to convert electrical signals into vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes. The working methods of the drive device include, but are not limited to, moving coil, moving iron, piezoelectric ceramic or other working methods.

[0070] As an example only, the following discussion will further illustrate this point using a dynamic driver. Figure 3 In this design, the driving device is a moving coil drive, including a coil 304 and a magnetic circuit assembly 307.

[0071] The magnetic circuit assembly 307 may include a first magnetic element 3071, a first magnetically conductive element 3072, and a second magnetically conductive element 3073. The magnetic element described in this application refers to an element capable of generating a magnetic field, such as a magnet. The magnetic element may have a magnetization direction, which refers to the direction of the magnetic field within the magnetic element. The first magnetic element 3071 may include one or more magnets. In some embodiments, the magnet may include a metal alloy magnet, ferrite, etc. The metal alloy magnet may include neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt, alnico, iron chromium cobalt, aluminum iron boron, iron-carbon aluminum, or similar, or combinations thereof. The ferrite may include barium ferrite, iron ferrite, manganese ferrite, lithium manganese ferrite, or similar, or combinations thereof.

[0072] A magnetically conductive element, also known as a magnetic field concentrator or iron core, can adjust the distribution of a magnetic field (e.g., the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic element 3071). In some embodiments, the lower surface of the first magnetically conductive element 3072 can be connected to the upper surface of the first magnetic element 3071. The second magnetically conductive element 3073 can be a concave structure, specifically, it may include a bottom wall and side walls. The inner side of the bottom wall of the second magnetically conductive element 3073 can be connected to the first magnetic element 3071, and the side walls can surround the first magnetic element 3071 and form a magnetic gap between them. The connection methods between the first magnetically conductive element 3072, the second magnetically conductive element 3073, and the first magnetic element 3071 can include one or more combinations of bonding, snap-fitting, welding, riveting, and bolting.

[0073] The magnetic conductive element may include components processed from soft magnetic materials. In some embodiments, the soft magnetic material may include metallic materials, metal alloys, metal oxide materials, amorphous metal materials, etc., such as iron, iron-silicon alloys, iron-aluminum alloys, nickel-iron alloys, iron-cobalt alloys, low-carbon steel, silicon steel sheets, silicon steel sheets, ferrites, etc. In some embodiments, the magnetic conductive body may be processed by one or more combinations of methods such as casting, plastic forming, machining, and powder metallurgy. Casting may include sand casting, investment casting, pressure casting, centrifugal casting, etc.; plastic forming may include one or more combinations of rolling, casting, forging, stamping, extrusion, and drawing; machining may include turning, milling, planing, grinding, etc. In some embodiments, the processing method of the magnetic conductive body may include 3D printing, CNC machine tools, etc.

[0074] It should be understood that the above description of the drive device structure should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In some other embodiments, the magnetic circuit assembly contains multiple magnetic elements, which are stacked together from top to bottom. Additional magnetic guiding elements may be provided in adjacent magnetic elements, and another magnetic guiding element may be provided on the upper surface of the topmost magnetic element. The magnetic elements are elements that generate a magnetic field, while the magnetic guiding elements are used to adjust the distribution of the magnetic field. The magnetic circuit assembly structure set according to specific magnetic field distribution requirements can be used in the bone conduction speaker of the present invention, and the present invention does not impose any limitations on this.

[0075] Coil 304 can be disposed in the magnetic gap between the first magnetic element 3071 and the second magnetically conductive element 3073. When coil 304 in the magnetic gap is energized, it vibrates under the action of Ampere's force (i.e., driving force), and simultaneously, the magnetic circuit assembly 307 experiences a reaction force and vibrates. The driving device also includes a transmission assembly 303, which transmits the vibrations of coil 304 and / or magnetic circuit assembly 307 to the panel and / or housing. Ampere's force is the force exerted on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, its direction perpendicular to the plane determined by the direction of the current-carrying conductor and the magnetic field, and can be determined using the left-hand rule. When the direction of the current changes relative to the direction of the magnetic field, the direction of the Ampere's force also changes. In some embodiments, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly is static; when the direction of the current changes, the direction of the driving force switches between forward and reverse directions along a straight line, which can be considered the line where the driving force is located. When a coil is subjected to a driving force, it will vibrate. At the same time, the magnetic circuit assembly will also vibrate due to the reaction force. The vibrations of the two are generally on the same straight line, but in opposite directions. This straight line can be regarded as the line where the vibration occurs, and it is equal to (i.e. parallel to) or the same as the line where the driving force occurs.

[0076] In some embodiments, the vibration of the coil is transmitted to the panel and / or housing via a first transmission component, and the vibration of the magnetic circuit component is transmitted to the panel and / or housing via a second transmission component.

[0077] In some embodiments, after being energized, the coil vibrates under the action of the Ampere force. The vibration of the coil is transmitted to the panel and / or the housing through the first transmission component. The coil interacts with the magnetic circuit component through the magnetic field, and the reaction force on the magnetic circuit component also causes it to vibrate. The vibration of the magnetic circuit component is transmitted to the panel and / or the housing through the second transmission component. In some specific embodiments, the transmission component may include a connecting rod, a connecting column, and / or a vibration transducer. In some embodiments, the transmission component may have a moderate elastic force to have a damping effect during vibration transmission, which can reduce the vibration energy transmitted to the housing, thereby effectively suppressing sound leakage from the bone conduction speaker to the outside caused by housing vibration, and also helping to avoid abnormal sounds caused by possible abnormal resonance, thus improving sound quality. The transmission components located at different positions inside / on the housing will also have different degrees of influence on the vibration transmission efficiency. In some specific embodiments, the transmission component can enable the drive device to be in different states such as suspension or support. The vibration transmission plate can be a thin spring sheet. Specifically, the main body of the vibration transmission plate can be a ring structure, with multiple support rods or connecting plates converging towards the center within the ring structure. The number of support rods or connecting plates can be two or more. Further description of the transmission components can be found in other parts of the text (such as the specific embodiments section).

[0078] In some specific embodiments, the line containing the driving force is collinear or parallel to the line containing the vibration of the driving device. For example, in a moving-coil driving device, the direction of the driving force can be the same as or opposite to the vibration direction of the coil and / or magnetic circuit assembly. The panel can be flat, curved, or have several protrusions or grooves. In some embodiments, when the bone conduction speaker is worn on the user's body, the normal of the area on the panel that contacts or rests against the user's body is not parallel to the line containing the driving force. Generally, the area on the panel that contacts or rests against the user's body is relatively flat, specifically a plane or a quasi-plane with little curvature. When the area on the panel that contacts or rests against the user's body is flat, the normal of any point on it can be used as the normal of the area. When the panel that contacts the user's body is non-planar, the normal of the area can be its average normal. For a detailed definition of the average normal, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The relevant descriptions in the text will not be repeated here. In some other embodiments, when the panel used for contact with the user's body is non-planar, the normal of the area can be determined as follows: select a point in an area where the panel contacts the human skin, determine the tangent plane of the panel at that point, and then determine a straight line passing through that point and perpendicular to the tangent plane, and use this straight line as the normal of the panel. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the straight line where the driving force is located (or the straight line where the driving device vibrates) has an angle θ with the normal of the area, where the angle θ < 180°. In some specific embodiments, when the specified straight line where the driving force is located has a positive direction pointing outward from the bone conduction speaker through the panel (or the surface of the panel and / or the outer shell in contact with the human skin), and the specified normal of the panel (or the surface of the panel and / or the outer shell in contact with the human skin) has a positive direction pointing outward from the bone conduction speaker, the angle formed by these two straight lines in the positive direction is an acute angle.

[0079] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the bone conduction speaker 300 includes a panel 301, a housing 302, a first transmission component 303, a coil 304, a vibrating element 305, a second transmission component 306, and a magnetic circuit component 307. Vibrations of the coil 304 and the magnetic circuit component 307 can be transmitted to the panel 301 and / or the housing 302 via different paths. For example, the vibration of the coil 304 can be transmitted out of the panel 301 and / or the housing 302 via the first transmission path, and the vibration of the magnetic circuit component 307 can be transmitted to the panel 301 and / or the housing 302 via the second transmission path. The first transmission path may include the first transmission component 303, and the second transmission path includes the second transmission component 306, the vibrating element 305, and the first transmission component 303. Specifically, a portion of the first transmission component 303 has a flanged structure, the flange being annular and adapted to the structure of the coil 304, and connected to one end face of the coil 304. Another portion of the first transmission component 303 is a connecting rod, which connects to the panel and / or the outer casing. The coil 304 is wholly or partially fitted into the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit component 307. In the second transmission path, the second transmission component 306 is connected between the magnetic circuit component 307 and the vibration transducer 305, with the edge of the vibration transducer 305 fixed to the flange of the first transmission component 303. The center of the vibration transducer 305 can be connected to one end of the second transmission component 306, and the edge of the vibration transducer 305 can be connected to the inner side of the flange of the first transmission component 303. The connection method can be snap-fit, hot-press, riveting, bonding, or injection molding, etc. It should be noted that the first and second transmission paths can also have other structures, and this embodiment should not be considered a limitation of the transmission component. More structural descriptions of the transmission component can be found in other parts of the text.

[0080] In some embodiments, both coil 304 and magnetic circuit assembly 307 are annular structures. In some embodiments, coil 304 and magnetic circuit assembly 307 have mutually parallel axes, and the axis of coil 304 or magnetic circuit assembly 307 is perpendicular to the radial plane of coil 304 and / or the radial plane of magnetic circuit assembly 307. In still other embodiments, coil 304 and magnetic circuit assembly 307 have the same central axis, the central axis of coil 304 is perpendicular to the radial plane of coil 304 and passes through the geometric center of coil 304, and the central axis of magnetic circuit assembly 307 is perpendicular to the radial plane of magnetic circuit assembly 307 and passes through the geometric center of magnetic circuit assembly 307. The axis of coil 304 or magnetic circuit assembly 307 forms an angle θ with the normal of panel 301 as described above.

[0081] In this embodiment, the energized coil 304 generates an Ampere force and vibrates in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 307. The vibration of the coil 304 is transmitted to the panel 301 via the first transmission assembly 303. Simultaneously, the magnetic circuit assembly 307 vibrates due to the reaction force it receives, and the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 307 is transmitted to the panel 301 via the second transmission assembly 306, the vibration transducer 305, and the first transmission assembly 303. Then, the vibrations of the coil 304 and the magnetic circuit assembly 307 are transmitted through the panel 301 to the skin and bones of the human body, allowing the person to hear sound. Simply put, the combined vibration generated by the coil 304 and the magnetic circuit assembly 307 is transmitted to the panel 301, and then through the panel 301, this combined vibration is transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body, allowing the person to hear bone conduction sound.

[0082] As an example only, the following will combine... Figure 3 This paper elucidates the relationship between the driving force F and the skin deformation S. When the line containing the driving force generated by the driving device is parallel to the normal of panel 301 (i.e., the included angle θ is zero), the relationship between the driving force and the total skin deformation is F. ⊥ =S ⊥ ×E×A / h(1), where F ⊥ S represents the magnitude of the driving force. ⊥ E is the total deformation of the skin in the direction perpendicular to the skin, A is the elastic modulus of the skin, and h is the total thickness of the skin (i.e., the distance between the skin panel and the bone).

[0083] When the driving force of the drive device is perpendicular to the normal of the area on the panel that is in contact with or against the user's body (that is, the angle θ is 90 degrees), the relationship between the driving force in the vertical direction and the total deformation of the skin can be expressed as shown in formula (2):

[0084] F / / =S / / ×G×A / h (2)

[0085] Where F / / S represents the magnitude of the driving force. / / Let G be the total deformation of the skin in the direction parallel to the skin, A be the contact area between the skin and the panel, and h be the total thickness of the skin (i.e., the distance between the panel and the bone). The relationship between the shear modulus G and the elastic modulus E is G = E / 2(1 + γ), where γ is the Poisson's ratio of the skin (0 < γ < 0.5). Therefore, the shear modulus G is less than the elastic modulus E, corresponding to the total deformation S of the skin under the same driving force. / / >S ⊥ Typically, the Poisson's ratio of skin is close to 0.4.

[0086] When the line in which the driving force is generated by the driving device is not parallel to the normal of the area where the panel contacts the user's body, the horizontal driving force and the vertical driving force are expressed by the following formulas (3) and (4):

[0087] F ⊥ =F×cos(θ) (3)

[0088] F / / =F×sin(θ) (4)

[0089] The relationship between the driving force F and the skin deformation S can be expressed by the following formula (5):

[0090]

[0091] A detailed description of the relationship between the included angle θ and the total skin deformation when the skin's Poisson's ratio is 0.4 can be found in [the following text is missing from the original] Figure 4 Found it.

[0092] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the angle-relative displacement relationship of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the relationship between the included angle θ and the total skin deformation is that the larger the included angle θ, the greater the relative displacement, and therefore the greater the total skin deformation S. The skin deformation S in the direction perpendicular to the skin... ⊥ As the included angle θ increases, the relative displacement decreases, and the skin deforms S in the direction perpendicular to the skin. ⊥ It becomes smaller; and when the included angle θ is close to 90 degrees, the skin deforms S in the direction perpendicular to the skin. ⊥ It gradually approaches 0.

[0093] The volume of bone conduction headphones in the low-frequency range is positively correlated with the total skin deformation S. The larger the S, the louder the low-frequency volume of bone conduction headphones. The volume of bone conduction headphones in the high-frequency range is related to the skin deformation S in the perpendicular direction to the skin. ⊥ Positive correlation. S ⊥ The larger the value, the louder the low-frequency sound of bone conduction.

[0094] When the Poisson's ratio of the skin is 0.4, the included angle θ and the total skin deformation S, the skin deformation S in the direction perpendicular to the skin ⊥ A detailed description of the relationship can be found in Figure 4 Found. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the relationship between the included angle θ and the total skin deformation S is that the larger the included angle θ, the larger the total skin deformation S, and the louder the low-frequency volume of the bone conduction headphones. Figure 4 As shown, the included angle θ is related to the skin deformation S in the direction perpendicular to the skin. ⊥ The relationship is that the larger the angle θ, the greater the skin deformation S in the direction perpendicular to the skin. ⊥ The smaller the value, the lower the volume of the high-frequency part of the bone conduction headphones.

[0095] Through equation (4) and Figure 4 The curve shows that as the included angle θ increases, the rate of increase in the total skin deformation S is related to the rate of increase in the skin deformation S in the direction perpendicular to the skin. ⊥ The rates of decrease differ. The rate of increase in total skin deformation S initially accelerates and then slows down. The rate of increase in skin deformation S along the direction perpendicular to the skin... ⊥ The rate of decrease is accelerating. To balance the volume of low and high frequencies in bone conduction headphones, the angle θ must be within a suitable range. For example, θ can range from 5° to 80°, or from 15° to 70°, or from 25° to 50°, or from 25° to 35°, or from 25° to 30°, etc.

[0096] Figure 5 This is a frequency response curve diagram of a bone conduction loudspeaker provided according to the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the vibration frequency, and the vertical axis represents the vibration intensity of the bone conduction headphones. In some embodiments, within a frequency response range of 500–6000 Hz, a flatter frequency response curve is considered to indicate better sound quality from the bone conduction headphones. The structure, component design, and material properties of the bone conduction headphones can all affect the frequency response curve. Generally, low frequency refers to sounds below 500 Hz, mid frequency refers to sounds in the 500 Hz–4000 Hz range, and high frequency refers to sounds above 4000 Hz. Figure 5 As shown, the frequency response curve of the bone conduction headphones exhibits two resonant peaks (510 and 520) in the low-frequency region and a first high-frequency valley (530), a first high-frequency peak (540), and a second high-frequency peak (550) in the high-frequency region. The two resonant peaks (510 and 520) in the low-frequency region can be generated by the combined action of the vibrating plate and the headphone fixing assembly. The first high-frequency valley (530) and the first high-frequency peak (540) can be generated by the deformation of the shell side at high frequencies, and the second high-frequency peak (550) can be generated by the deformation of the shell panel at high frequencies.

[0097] The positions of the different resonance peaks and high-frequency peaks / valleys are related to the stiffness of the corresponding components. Stiffness, commonly referred to as rigidity, is the ability of a material or structure to resist elastic deformation under stress. Stiffness is related to the Young's modulus of the material and the structural dimensions. Greater stiffness results in less deformation under stress. As mentioned above, the frequency response from 500 to 6000 Hz is particularly critical for bone conduction headphones. Within this frequency range, sharp peaks and valleys are undesirable; a flatter frequency response curve results in better sound quality. In some embodiments, the peaks and valleys in the high-frequency region can be adjusted to a higher frequency range by adjusting the stiffness of the outer shell panel and the back of the shell.

[0098] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the low-frequency portion of the frequency response curves of a bone conduction loudspeaker at different angles θ according to the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the panel contacts the skin, transmitting vibrations to it. During this process, the skin also affects the vibration of the bone conduction speaker, thus influencing its frequency response curve. From the above analysis, we find that the larger the angle, the greater the total deformation of the skin under the same driving force. For the bone conduction speaker, this is equivalent to a decrease in the elasticity of the skin relative to its panel. Further, this can be understood as follows: when the driving force of the drive device forms a certain angle θ with the normal line on the panel that contacts or rests against the user's body, especially when the angle θ increases, the resonant peak in the low-frequency region of the frequency response curve can be adjusted to an even lower frequency region, resulting in deeper and more frequent low frequencies. Compared to other techniques for improving the low-frequency components of sound, such as adding a vibration transducer to the bone conduction speaker, setting this angle can effectively suppress the increase in vibration sensation while increasing low-frequency energy, thereby relatively reducing the vibration sensation and significantly improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the bone conduction speaker, thus improving sound quality and the user's experience. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the increase in low frequencies and the decrease in vibration sensation can be manifested as the energy of the low-frequency range in the vibration or sound signal increasing when the included angle θ increases within the range of (0, 90°), and the vibration sensation also increases. However, the degree of increase in the energy of the low-frequency range is greater than the degree of increase in the vibration sensation. Therefore, in relative terms, the vibration sensation is relatively reduced.

[0099] from Figure 6 It can be seen that when the angle is large, the resonance peak in the low-frequency region appears in an even lower frequency band, which can indirectly extend the part of the frequency curvature flatness, thereby improving the sound quality of the headphones.

[0100] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the high-frequency response curves of bone conduction loudspeakers made of different panel and housing materials according to the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, when the materials of the panel and casing are harder, the frequencies corresponding to the first and second high-frequency peaks are higher; when the materials of the panel and casing are softer, the frequencies corresponding to the first and second high-frequency peaks are lower than when the materials of the panel and casing are harder. Furthermore, when the materials of the panel and casing are harder, the frequency corresponding to the first high-frequency trough is higher; when the materials of the panel and casing are softer, the frequency corresponding to the first high-frequency trough is lower than when the materials of the panel and casing are harder. It can be observed that the rigidity (harder) material of the panel and casing can increase the frequency values ​​corresponding to the occurrence of high-frequency peaks / troughs. According to... Figure 5 As the description shows, the frequency response from 1000 to 10000 Hz is particularly crucial for bone conduction headphones. Within this frequency range, it is undesirable to have very sharp peaks and valleys. The flatter the frequency response curve, the better the sound quality of the headphones. Figure 7The rigid (harder) materials of the panel and shell can indirectly extend the flat part of the frequency curvature, thereby improving the sound quality of the headphones.

[0101] In some embodiments, the stiffness of different components (e.g., housing, transmission components, and drive mechanisms) is related to the Young's modulus, thickness, and size of their materials. The following example illustrates the relationship between the stiffness of a housing and its material. In some embodiments, the housing may include a front panel, a back panel, and side panels. The front panel, back panel, and side panels may be made of the same material or different materials. For example, the back panel and front panel may be made of the same material, while the side panels may be made of other materials. In some embodiments, with constant dimensions, a higher Young's modulus in the housing material results in greater housing stiffness, causing the frequency response curve of the headphones to shift towards higher frequencies, which is beneficial for adjusting the high-frequency peaks and valleys to higher frequencies. In some embodiments, the frequency response curve can be adjusted to higher frequencies by adjusting the Young's modulus of the housing material. In some embodiments, a material with a specific Young's modulus is used, and the Young's modulus of the shell can be greater than 2000 MPa. Preferably, the Young's modulus of the shell can be greater than 4000 MPa. More preferably, the Young's modulus of the shell is greater than 6000 MPa. More preferably, the Young's modulus of the shell is greater than 8000 MPa. More preferably, the Young's modulus of the shell is greater than 12000 MPa. More preferably, the Young's modulus of the shell is greater than 15000 MPa. Even more preferably, the Young's modulus of the shell is greater than 18000 MPa.

[0102] In some embodiments, by adjusting the stiffness of the shell, the high-frequency peaks and valleys in the frequency response curve of the bone conduction headphones can be made not less than 1000Hz, preferably not less than 2000Hz, preferably not less than 4000Hz, preferably not less than 6000Hz, more preferably not less than 8000Hz, more preferably not less than 10000Hz, more preferably not less than 12000Hz, even more preferably not less than 14000Hz, even more preferably not less than 16000Hz, even more preferably not less than 18000Hz, and even more preferably not less than 20000Hz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the stiffness of the shell, the high-frequency peaks and valleys in the frequency response curve of the bone conduction headphones can be made to be outside the range of human hearing. In some embodiments, by adjusting the stiffness of the shell, the high-frequency peaks and valleys in the frequency response curve of the headphones can be positioned within the human hearing range. In some embodiments, when there are multiple high-frequency peaks / valleys, by adjusting the stiffness of the shell, one or more high-frequency peaks / valleys in the frequency response curve of the bone conduction headphones can be positioned outside the human hearing range, while the remaining one or more high-frequency peaks / valleys are positioned within the human hearing range. For example, the second high-frequency peak can be positioned outside the human hearing range, while the first high-frequency valley and the first high-frequency peak are positioned within the human hearing range.

[0103] In some embodiments, the rigidity of the housing can be improved by changing the connection method of the housing panel, the back panel, and the side panels to ensure that the overall housing has greater rigidity. In some embodiments, the housing panel, the back panel, and the side panels can be integrally molded. In some embodiments, the back panel and the side panels can be integrally molded structures. The housing panel and the side panels can be directly glued together, or fixed by snap-fitting or welding. The glue can be a strong adhesive with high hardness. In some embodiments, the housing panel and the side panels can be integrally molded structures, and the back panel and the side panels can be directly glued together, or fixed by snap-fitting or welding. The glue can be a strong adhesive with high hardness. In some embodiments, the housing panel, the back panel, and the side panels are independent components, and the three can be fixedly connected by one or any combination of glue, snap-fitting, or welding. For example, the housing panel and the side panels are connected by glue, and the back panel and the side panels are connected by snap-fitting or welding. Or the back panel and the side panels are connected by glue, and the housing panel and the side panels are connected by snap-fitting or welding.

[0104] In some embodiments, the overall stiffness of the housing can be improved by combining materials with different Young's moduli. In some embodiments, the housing panel, the back cover, and the sides of the housing can all be made of the same material. In some embodiments, the housing panel, the back cover, and the sides of the housing can be made of different materials, which can have the same or different Young's moduli. In some embodiments, the housing panel and the back cover are made of the same material, while the sides of the housing are made of other materials, and the Young's moduli of the two materials can be the same or different. For example, the Young's moduli of the material of the sides of the housing can be greater than that of the materials of the housing panel and the back cover, or the Young's moduli of the material of the sides of the housing can be less than that of the materials of the housing panel and the back cover. In some embodiments, the housing panel and the sides of the housing are made of the same material, while the back cover is made of other materials, and the Young's moduli of the two materials can be the same or different. For example, the Young's moduli of the material of the back cover can be greater than that of the materials of the housing panel and the sides of the housing, or the Young's moduli of the back cover can be less than that of the materials of the housing panel and the sides of the housing. In some embodiments, the back and sides of the housing are made of the same material, while the housing panel is made of a different material. The Young's modulus of the two materials may be the same or different. For example, the Young's modulus of the housing panel material may be greater than that of the materials of the back and sides of the housing, or the Young's modulus of the housing panel material may be less than that of the materials of the back and sides of the housing. In some embodiments, the materials of the housing panel, the back of the housing, and the sides of the housing are all different. The Young's moduli of the three materials may all be the same or all different, and the Young's modulus of all three materials may be greater than 2000 MPa.

[0105] In some embodiments, the stiffness of the transducer and the headphone fixing assembly can be adjusted so that the two resonant peak frequencies in the low-frequency region of the bone conduction headphones are both less than 2000Hz. Preferably, the two resonant peak frequencies in the low-frequency region of the bone conduction headphones are both less than 1000Hz. More preferably, the two resonant peak frequencies in the low-frequency region of the bone conduction headphones are both less than 500Hz.

[0106] In some embodiments, this application can adjust the stiffness of the various components of the bone conduction headphones (e.g., the shell, shell support, vibration plate, or headphone fixing assembly) to adjust the peaks and valleys in the high-frequency range to higher frequencies and the low-frequency resonance peaks to lower frequencies, thereby ensuring a frequency response curve plateau in the range of 1000Hz to 10000Hz and improving the sound quality of the bone conduction headphones.

[0107] On the other hand, bone conduction headphones experience sound leakage during vibration transmission. This sound leakage refers to the change in the volume of surrounding air caused by the vibration of internal components or the outer shell of the bone conduction headphones. This creates compressed or rarefied zones in the surrounding air, which then propagate outwards, transmitting sound into the environment and allowing others besides the wearer to hear the sound. This application provides solutions to reduce sound leakage in bone conduction headphones by modifying the shell structure and rigidity.

[0108] In some embodiments, sound leakage from bone conduction speakers can be further effectively reduced by a carefully designed vibration-generating portion including a vibration transmission layer (not shown). Preferably, perforation on the surface of the vibration transmission layer can reduce sound leakage. For example, the vibration transmission layer is bonded to the panel with adhesive, and the bonded area of ​​the vibration transmission layer to the panel is more prominent than the non-bonded area of ​​the vibration transmission layer, with a cavity below the non-bonded area. Sound-guiding holes are respectively formed on the non-bonded area of ​​the vibration transmission layer and on the surface of the housing. Preferably, the non-bonded area with partially formed sound-guiding holes does not come into contact with the user. On the one hand, the sound-guiding holes can effectively reduce the area of ​​the non-bonded area on the vibration transmission layer, allowing air to pass through the inside and outside of the vibration transmission layer, reducing the pressure difference between the inside and outside, thereby reducing the vibration of the non-bonded area; on the other hand, the sound-guiding holes can guide the sound waves generated by the vibration of the air inside the housing to the outside of the housing, canceling out the sound waves generated by the vibration of the housing pushing the air outside the housing, thereby reducing the amplitude of the sound leakage waves.

[0109] In some embodiments, the way in which the direction of the driving force generated by the setting drive device forms an angle with the direction of the panel is not unique. Figures 8-16 Examples of how to set up the drive device and the panel are given from different implementation perspectives.

[0110] Example 1

[0111] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker 800 includes a panel 801, a housing 802, a first transmission assembly 803, a coil 804, a vibrating element 805, and a magnetic circuit assembly 806. The panel 801 and the housing 802 form a closed or semi-closed cavity, and a drive mechanism including the first transmission assembly 803, the coil 804, the vibrating element 805, and the magnetic circuit assembly 806 is located in the cavity.

[0112] In some embodiments, both coil 804 and magnetic circuit assembly 806 are ring-shaped structures. In some embodiments, coil 804 and magnetic circuit assembly 806 have mutually parallel axes. The axis of the drive device refers to the axis of coil 804 and / or magnetic circuit assembly 806. The axis of the drive device forms an angle θ with the normal to the area of ​​the panel that contacts or rests against the user's body, where 0 < θ < 90°. Specifically, the axis of the drive device forms an angle θ with the normal to the area of ​​the panel that contacts or rests against the user's body. For more information on the axis of coil 804 or magnetic circuit assembly 806 and its spatial relationship with the normal, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The relevant explanations will not be repeated here.

[0113] In some embodiments, a portion of the first transmission assembly 803 is an annular structure adapted to the structure of the coil 804, and the annular structure is connected to one end face of the coil 804. Another portion of the first transmission assembly 803 is a connecting rod, which is connected to the panel and / or the housing. The coil 804 is wholly or partially fitted into the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit assembly 806. The coil 804 is wholly or partially fitted into the annular groove of the magnetic circuit assembly 806. In this embodiment, one annular end face of the magnetic circuit assembly 806 is connected to the outer edge of the vibration transducer 805, and the first transmission assembly 803 passes through and is fixedly connected to the central region of the vibration transducer 805.

[0114] When energized, the coil 804 generates an Ampere force and vibrates in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 806. This vibration is transmitted to the panel 801 via the first transmission assembly 803. Simultaneously, the magnetic circuit assembly 806 vibrates due to the reaction force it receives, and this vibration is directly transmitted to the first transmission assembly 803 and then to the panel 801 via the vibration transmission plate 805. Finally, the vibrations of the coil 804 and the magnetic circuit assembly 806 are transmitted through the panel 801 to the skin and bones of the human body, allowing sound to be heard. In essence, because the vibration transmission plate is directly connected to the magnetic circuit assembly 806 and the first transmission assembly 803, the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 806 is directly transmitted to the panel via the first transmission assembly 803. Furthermore, the combined vibrations generated by the coil 804 and the magnetic circuit assembly 806 form a composite vibration that is transmitted to the panel 801. When this composite vibration is transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 801, bone conduction sound is heard.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] Figure 9AThis is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The bone conduction loudspeaker 900a includes a panel 901, a housing 902, a first transmission assembly 903, a coil 904, a vibrating plate 905, a second transmission assembly 906, and a magnetic circuit assembly 907. The first transmission assembly 903 is a hollow cylinder. One end face of the first transmission assembly 903 is connected to the panel 901, and the other end face of the first transmission assembly 903 is connected to one end face of the coil 904. All or part of the coil 904 is fitted into the annular groove or magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit assembly 907. It should be understood that both the coil 904 and the magnetic circuit assembly 907 are annular structures. In some embodiments, the coil 904 and the magnetic circuit assembly 907 have mutually parallel axes. For the spatial relationship between the axes of the coil 904 or the magnetic circuit assembly 907 and the normal to the area on the panel for contact or contact with the user's body, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 The relevant explanations will not be repeated here. The center or near the center of the magnetic circuit assembly 907 is connected to one end of the second transmission assembly 906, and the other end of the second transmission assembly 906 is connected to the center or near the center of the vibration plate 905. The outer edge of the vibration plate 905 is connected to the inner side of the flange of the first transmission assembly 903. The connection method includes, but is not limited to, snap-fit, hot pressing, bonding, or injection molding.

[0117] In this embodiment, the energized coil 904 generates an Ampere force and vibrates in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 907. The vibration of the coil 904 is transmitted to the panel 901 via the first transmission assembly 903. Simultaneously, the magnetic circuit assembly 907 vibrates due to the reaction force it receives, and the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 907 is transmitted to the panel 901 via the second transmission assembly 906, the vibration transducer 905, and the first transmission assembly 903. Then, the vibrations of the coil 904 and the magnetic circuit assembly 907 are transmitted through the panel 901 to the skin and bones of the human body, allowing the person to hear sound. Simply put, the combined vibration generated by the coil 904 and the magnetic circuit assembly 907 is transmitted to the panel 901, and then through the panel 901, this combined vibration is transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body, allowing the person to hear bone conduction sound.

[0118] Figure 9A The illustrated embodiments and Figure 8 Compared to the illustrated embodiment, the difference lies in that the first transmission component is changed from a connecting rod to a hollow cylindrical structure, which makes the connection between the first transmission component and the coil more complete and the structure more stable. Simultaneously, it increases the frequency at which the speaker generates higher-order modes (i.e., inconsistent vibrations at different points on the speaker), and also shifts the low-frequency resonant peak of the bone conduction speaker's frequency response curve to even lower frequencies, resulting in a wider flat region of the frequency response curve and improved speaker sound quality.

[0119] Figure 9BThis is a schematic diagram of the component disassembly structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker as shown in the product example of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 9C yes Figure 9B The diagram shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a bone conduction loudspeaker. Figure 9B , 9C The structure of the bone conduction loudspeaker shown is... Figure 9A correspond.

[0120] like Figure 9B As shown, the bone conduction speaker 900b includes a diaphragm and faceplate silicone assembly 910, a bracket and vibrating plate 911, a coil 912, a connector 913, a bolt and nut assembly 914, an upper magnet 915, a magnetic plate 916, a lower magnet 917, a magnetic cover 918, a multi-function button PCB 919, a multi-function button silicone 920, a speaker shell 921, an ear hook with multi-function buttons 922, and an ear hook 923. Figure 9C As shown, the vibrating plate and face-fitting silicone assembly 910 further includes face-fitting silicone 9101 and vibrating plate 9102. The bracket and vibration transducer 911 further includes bracket 9111 and vibration transducer 9112. The bolt and nut assembly 914 further includes bolt 9141 and nut 9142. The vibrating plate 9102 is functionally equivalent to the aforementioned panel, and the face-fitting silicone 9101 is equivalent to the soft material covering the panel. It is understood that the face-fitting silicone 9101 is not a necessary component and can be omitted in some embodiments. The bracket 9111 can be equivalent to the aforementioned first transmission assembly. The connector 913 can be equivalent to the aforementioned second transmission assembly. The speaker housing 921 can be equivalent to the aforementioned outer shell.

[0121] Reference Figure 9C The vibrating plate and the silicone faceplate assembly 910, together with the speaker shell 921, form a closed or semi-closed cavity to accommodate components such as the magnetic circuit assembly and the transmission assembly. The magnetic guide cover 918 has a concave structure, specifically including a base plate and side walls. The upper magnet 915, the magnetic guide plate 916, and the lower magnet 917 are stacked from top to bottom on the base plate of the magnetic guide cover 918. Through holes are respectively provided on the upper magnet 915, the magnetic guide plate 916, the lower magnet 917, and the magnetic guide cover 918, which are assembled together by bolts and nuts 914 to form the magnetic circuit assembly. A magnetic gap is formed between the magnetic guide cover 918 and the upper magnet 915, the magnetic guide plate 916, and the lower magnet 917 disposed on its base plate. The coil 912 is partially or entirely disposed within the magnetic gap. Figure 9D , 9EAs shown, the bracket 9111 can have a ring structure with uneven thickness, specifically, one side is thicker than the other. The size and dimensions of one end face of the bracket 9111 are adapted to the coil 912 and connected to one end face of the coil 912. The other end of the bracket 9111 abuts against or connects to the vibrating plate and the silicone skin-contact assembly 910. This structure, where one side of the bracket 9111 is thicker than the other, allows the drive device to be tilted relative to the vibrating plate and the silicone skin-contact assembly 910, thereby ensuring that the axis of the drive device (or the direction of the driving force) forms an angle θ with the normal of the contact surface (the surface in contact with human skin) of the vibrating silicone skin-contact assembly 910. The connector 913 connects the upper magnet 915 in the magnetic circuit assembly to the vibration transmission plate 9112, while also serving the function of vibration transmission. Specific connection methods include, but are not limited to, bolt connection, bonding, welding, etc. The edge of the vibration transmission plate 9112 is engaged with the inner side of the bracket 9111. The bracket 9111 simultaneously transmits the vibration of the coil and the magnetic circuit assembly to the vibrating plate and the silicone bonding assembly 910. The outer edge of the bracket can be inserted into the groove or limiting slot on the inner wall of the speaker housing 921, thereby fixing it in the cavity. This allows the bracket to perform transmission while also suspending or supporting the entire drive device.

[0122] Figure 9D , 9E These are schematic diagrams of the support structure in a bone conduction loudspeaker provided in some specific embodiments of the present invention. For example... Figure 9D , 9E As shown, for example only, the bracket 9111 has a ring-shaped body 91111, which can be a ring-shaped sheet structure. The body has a ring-shaped facade 91112 adapted to its shape. One side of facade 91112 is lower than the other side (e.g., facade A is lower than facade B). The two sides can transition between each other through continuously varying height connecting parts C and D, or through discontinuously varying height connecting parts, such as connecting parts C and D configured as a stepped structure with discontinuous height changes. It should be noted that side A, side B, connecting part C, and connecting part D can be considered four different parts of facade 91112. They can be integrally formed without clear structural boundaries, or they can be structurally independent but assembled together through additional connection processes. Specific connection processes can include bonding, welding, and hot-melt bonding. The bracket 9111 is used to connect the coil to the vibrating plate and the silicone adhesive assembly 910 to achieve vibration transmission. Specifically, the bottom surface of the bracket body 91111 can be fixedly connected to the upper surface of the coil, while the upper surface of the vertical surface 91112 abuts against or connects to the vibrating plate and the silicone adhesive assembly 910 (see reference). Figure 9CIn some embodiments, the distance between the vibrating plate and the silicone adhesive assembly 910 and the driving device (such as a coil) is relatively large, resulting in a large facade height. If the facade 91112 is thin, its strength is low and it is easily damaged; if the facade 91112 is thick, its weight is large, which will affect the transmission and thus the sound quality. Therefore, in some embodiments, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 91113 can be provided on the outer or inner side of the facade 91112 to ensure the strength of the facade 91112 without affecting the sound quality. In some embodiments, the reinforcing rib 91113 can be a smaller facade perpendicular to the facade 91112, with one end face connected to the body 91111 and the other end face connected to the facade 91112. The connection method includes, but is not limited to, bonding, welding, thermoplastic molding, or integral molding. In some embodiments, the reinforcing rib 91113 can also be a short support rod, which is diagonally supported between the facade and the body, with one end of the support rod connected to the body 91111 and the other end connected to the facade 91112. The connection methods include, but are not limited to, bonding, welding, thermoplastic molding, or integral molding.

[0123] Example 3

[0124] Figure 10 This is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The difference between the bone conduction loudspeaker 1000 and the bone conduction loudspeaker 1000 lies in the mounting position and length of the first transmission component 1003. The first transmission component 1003 can be multiple connecting rods or connecting columns. One end of some connecting rods is connected to the panel 1001, and one end of another connecting rod is connected to the first side surface 1002 of the housing. The other end of each connecting rod is connected to one end face of the coil 1004. That is, each connecting rod is distributed circumferentially along the coil 1004 between the coil and the panel and / or the housing. The connecting rods can be evenly spaced or unequally spaced. As a variation of this embodiment, the first transmission component 1003 can also be designed as a hollow cylinder, like the first transmission component 903, with its cross-section adapted to the size and shape of the coil. The first end face of the first transmission component 1003 is connected to one end face of the coil, a portion of the second end face of the first transmission component 1003 is connected to the panel 1001, and another portion is connected to the housing 1002.

[0125] Compared to the bone conduction speaker 900, the first transmission component 1003 in the bone conduction speaker 1000 is shorter, which helps to further increase the frequency at which the speaker generates higher-order modes (i.e., inconsistent vibrations at different points on the speaker).

[0126] Example 4

[0127] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 11 The bone conduction speaker 1100 shown includes a drive unit 1101, a transmission assembly 1102, a panel 1103, and a housing 1105. The transmission assembly 1102 may include structures such as a vibration damper, a connecting rod, and a connecting column. The transmission assembly 1102 connects the drive unit 1101 and the panel 1103, serving as a transmission path to transmit the vibration or driving force generated by the drive unit 1101 to the panel 1103. In some embodiments, due to the large distance between the panel and the drive unit, a longer transmission path is required. This necessitates a longer transmission assembly, for example, a longer connecting rod or connecting column. If the transmission assembly is too thin, its strength will be low, and it will be damaged by long-term vibration. If the transmission assembly is made thicker to overcome this problem, it will affect the transmission of vibration, thus affecting sound quality. In some embodiments, additional reinforcing ribs 1104 can be provided on the surface of the transmission assembly to increase its strength while having minimal impact on its structure. In some embodiments, the reinforcing ribs 1104 may be vertical surfaces, ridges, or support rods, etc. The connection methods between the reinforcing rib 1104 and the transmission assembly 1102 include, but are not limited to, bonding, welding, hot-melt connection, or integral molding. In some embodiments, multiple reinforcing ribs 1104 may be provided on the surface of the transmission assembly. For annular transmission assemblies, the reinforcing ribs may be distributed at equal or unequal intervals around the circumference of the transmission assembly. For a more detailed description of the reinforcing ribs, please refer to other relevant content in the text (such as...). Figure 9D , 9E (Related instructions).

[0128] Figure 11 Compared to other embodiments, the bone conduction speaker 1100 shown has an added reinforcing rib 1104 on the transmission component. This increases the strength of the transmission component and improves the frequency at which the speaker generates higher-order modes (i.e., the vibrations at different points on the speaker are inconsistent), resulting in better sound quality.

[0129] Example 5

[0130] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, one end of the first drive assembly 1203 of the bone conduction speaker 1200 is connected to the bottom surface of the housing 1202, that is, the entire drive unit is tilted and fixed to the housing 1202 relative to the panel.

[0131] Specifically, both the outer shell 1202 and the panel 1201 have high rigidity, and they are integrally formed or connected by a high-rigidity connecting medium. After being energized, the vibration generated by the coil 1204 and the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1207 form a composite vibration that is transmitted to the outer shell 1202, and then to the panel 1201. When the composite vibration is transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 1201, the person hears bone conduction sound.

[0132] Example 6

[0133] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment Six of the present invention. Figure 13 As shown, in some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker 1300 includes a housing 1302, a panel 1301 disposed independently of the housing, and a driving device including a first transmission assembly 1303, a coil 1304, a vibrating plate 1305, a second transmission assembly 1306, and a magnetic circuit assembly 1307. The housing 1302 includes a first housing 13021 and a third transmission assembly 13022. The first housing 13021 is a cuboid with a cavity. In other embodiments, the first housing 13021 can also be a closed cylinder, sphere, etc., with a cavity. The driving device is disposed in the cavity, and the internal structure of the driving device can be any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0134] The upper side of the first outer shell 13021 is connected to the upper side of the panel 1301 via the third transmission assembly 13022, and the lower side of the first outer shell 13021 is directly connected to the lower side of the panel 1301. The connection method between the first outer shell 13021 and the panel 1301 is not limited to the aforementioned method. For example, the lower side of the first outer shell 13021 can be connected to the lower side of the panel 1301 via the third transmission assembly 13022, and the upper side of the first outer shell 13021 can be directly connected to the upper side of the panel 1301. Alternatively, only the middle area of ​​the first outer shell 13021 can be connected to the panel via the third transmission assembly. The third transmission assembly can be a rod-shaped, plate-shaped, or hollow column-shaped structure.

[0135] In this embodiment, after being energized, the coil 1304 generates an Ampere force and vibrates in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1307. The vibration of the coil 1304 is transmitted to the first housing 13021 through the first transmission assembly 1303. The first housing 13021 transmits the vibration to the panel 1301 through the third transmission assembly 13022 or directly. The magnetic circuit assembly 1307 also vibrates due to the reaction force it receives. The vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1307 is transmitted to the first housing 13021 through the connection of the second transmission assembly 1306 and the vibration transmission plate 1305. The first housing 13021 transmits the vibration to the panel 1301 through the third transmission assembly 13022 or directly. Then, the vibration of the coil 1304 and the vibration of the magnetic circuit assembly 1307 are transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 1301, so that the person can hear the sound. In simple terms, the combined vibration generated by the coil 1304 and the magnetic circuit assembly 1307 is first transmitted to the first outer shell 13021, and then directly to the panel 1301 or transmitted to the panel 1301 through the third transmission assembly 13022. Then, when the combined vibration is transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 1301, the person hears bone conduction sound.

[0136] Example 7

[0137] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment Seven of the present invention. Figure 14 The bone conduction loudspeaker 1400 shown has a first transmission path and a second transmission path that are independent of each other. Specifically, the first transmission path includes a first transmission component 1403, and the transmission components on the second transmission path include a vibrating plate 1405 and a second transmission component 1406. The fact that the bone conduction loudspeaker 1400 has a first transmission path and a second transmission path that are independent of each other can be understood as the two transmission paths not having any common transmission components.

[0138] like Figure 14As shown, the bone conduction speaker 1400 includes a panel 1401, a housing 1402, a first transmission assembly 1403, a coil 1404, a vibrating element 1405, a second transmission assembly 1406, and a magnetic circuit assembly 1407. The panel 1401 and the housing 1402 form a closed or semi-closed cavity, and the drive unit including the first transmission assembly 1403, the coil 1404, the vibrating element 1405, the second transmission assembly 1406, and the magnetic circuit assembly 1407 is located in the cavity. The axis of the drive unit forms an angle with the normal to the area of ​​the panel that contacts or rests against the user's body, where 0 < θ < 90°. The bottom surface of the magnetic circuit assembly 1407 is connected to the vibration plate 1405 through the second transmission assembly 1406. The outer edge of the vibration plate 1405 is connected to the outer shell 1402. For example, the outer edge of the vibration plate 1405 can be connected to the bottom surface of the outer shell 1402, or it can be connected to the side surface of the outer shell 1402, or it can be connected to the bottom surface of the outer shell 1402 in part and the other part connected to the side surface of the outer shell 1402 in part.

[0139] In this embodiment, the energized coil 1404 generates an Ampere force and vibrates in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1407. The vibration of the coil 1404 is transmitted to the panel 1401 through the first transmission assembly 1403. The magnetic circuit assembly 1407 vibrates due to the reaction force. The vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1407 is transmitted to the bottom and side surfaces of the outer casing 1402 through the second transmission assembly 1406 and the vibrating plate 1405. The outer casing then transmits the vibration of the magnetic circuit assembly 1407 to the panel 1401. Finally, the vibration of the coil 1404 and the vibration of the magnetic circuit assembly 1407 are transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 1401, allowing the person to hear sound. This can be understood as follows: since the vibration transducer is directly connected to the outer shell 1402, and the magnetic circuit assembly is softly connected to the outer shell 1402, the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1407 is directly transmitted to the bottom surface and one side of the outer shell 1402. The vibration generated by the coil 1404 and the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1407 form a composite vibration that is transmitted to the panel 1401. Then, when the composite vibration is transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 1401, the person hears bone conduction sound.

[0140] Example 8

[0141] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Figure 15 The bone conduction speaker 1500 shown employs a dual-vibration-plate structure, resulting in an additional peak in the low-frequency region of the speaker's vibration frequency response curve. This makes the speaker's low-frequency response more sensitive, thereby improving sound quality. Specifically, as shown... Figure 15As shown, the bone conduction loudspeaker 1500 includes a panel 1501, a housing 1502, a first transmission assembly 1503, a coil 1504, a first transducer 1505, a second transducer 1506, a second transmission assembly 1507, and a magnetic circuit assembly 1508. The connection method between the panel 1501, the first transmission assembly 1503, the first transducer 1505, the second transmission assembly 1507, and the magnetic circuit assembly 1508 is the same as that shown in Figure 9. The edge of the second transducer 1506 is connected to the open end face of the housing 1502, and the first transmission assembly 1503 passes through the central region of the second transducer 1506 and is fixedly connected to it. The central axial surface of the second transducer 1506 is engaged with the solid cylindrical body of the first transmission assembly 1503.

[0142] The working principle of the bone conduction speaker 1500 in this embodiment is as follows: After being energized, the coil 1504 generates an Ampere force and vibrates in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1508. The vibration of the coil 1504 is directly transmitted to the panel 1501 through the first transmission assembly 1503. The magnetic circuit assembly 1508 vibrates due to the reaction force. The vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1508 is transmitted to the panel 1501 through the second transmission assembly 1507 and the first vibration plate 1505. The vibration of the outer shell 1502 is transmitted to the panel 1501 through the second vibration plate. Then, the vibration of the coil 1504 and the vibration of the magnetic circuit assembly 1508 are transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 1501, so that the person can hear the sound. This can be understood as follows: the second vibration transducer 1506 achieves a soft connection between the panel 1501 and the outer shell 1502; and the vibration generated by the coil 1504 and the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 1508 form a composite vibration that is simultaneously transmitted to the panel 1501 and the outer shell 1502. Then, when the composite vibration is transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 1501, the person hears bone conduction sound.

[0143] Example 9

[0144] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a bone conduction loudspeaker according to Embodiment Nine of the present invention. Figure 16As shown, in another embodiment, the bone conduction speaker 1600 includes a panel 1601, a housing 1602, and two drive devices 1605 and 1606. The panel 1601 and the housing 1602 form a closed or semi-closed cavity, and the two drive devices 1605 and 1606 are located inside the cavity. The drive devices in this embodiment can be the drive devices in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, drive device 1605 is connected to the panel 1601 via a first transmission assembly 1603; drive device 1606 is connected to a partition disposed within the cavity via a second transmission assembly 1604. Furthermore, drive devices 1605 and 1606 form a certain angle. In other embodiments, drive device 1606 can be directly connected to the panel or housing via a second transmission assembly 1604 bent at a right angle. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the axis of the drive device 1605 does not need to be parallel to the normal of the panel, and the axis of the drive device 1606 does not need to be perpendicular to the normal of the panel. Instead, the positions of the two drive devices relative to the panel are such that the line containing the resultant force of their driving forces forms an angle θ with the normal of the area on the panel used for contact or contact with the user's body, where 0 < θ < 90°. It can be further understood that there can be three, four, or even more drive devices, and the positions of each drive device within the cavity can be adjusted so that the line containing the resultant force of their driving forces forms an angle θ with the normal of the area on the panel used for contact or contact with the user's body, where 0 < θ < 90°.

[0145] In this embodiment, the driving force of the driving device 1605 is parallel to the normal of the area on the panel that is used to contact or lean against the user's body, and the driving force of the driving device 1606 is perpendicular to the normal of the area on the panel that is used to contact or lean against the user's body. The two driving devices vibrate simultaneously and transmit the two vibrations to the panel. Then, when the composite vibration is transmitted to the skin and bones of the human body through the panel 1601, the person can hear bone conduction sound.

[0146] This invention also provides bone conduction headphones. During use, the headphone frame / strap fixes the bone conduction speaker to a specific part of the user's body (e.g., the head), providing a clamping force between the vibrating unit and the user. The contact surface is connected to the driving device and maintains contact with the user, transmitting sound to the user through vibration. If the bone conduction speaker has a symmetrical structure, and assuming that the driving forces provided by the two driving devices are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction during operation, then the center point of the headphone frame / strap can be selected as the equivalent fixed end. If the bone conduction speaker can provide stereo sound, i.e., the instantaneous driving forces provided by the two transducers are unequal in magnitude, or the bone conduction speaker has an asymmetrical structure, then a point or area on the headphone frame / strap or other than the headphone frame / strap can be selected as the equivalent fixed end. The fixed end mentioned here can be regarded as an equivalent end whose position is relatively fixed during the vibration of the bone conduction speaker. The fixed end and the vibrating unit are connected by the headphone frame / strap, and the transmission relationship is related to the headphone frame / strap and the clamping force provided by the headphone frame / strap, depending on the physical properties of the headphone frame / strap. Preferably, changing physical quantities such as the clamping force and mass of the headphone frame / strap can alter the sound transmission efficiency of the bone conduction speaker, affecting the system's frequency response within a specific frequency range. For example, headphone frames / straps made of higher-strength materials will provide different clamping forces than those made of lower-strength materials. Alternatively, changing the structure of the headphone frame / strap, such as adding an auxiliary device that provides elasticity, can also alter the clamping force, thereby affecting the sound transmission efficiency. Changes in the size of the headphone frame / strap during wear also affect the magnitude of the clamping force, which increases with the increase in the distance between the vibrating units at both ends of the headphone frame / strap.

[0147] To obtain headphone frames / headphone straps that meet specific clamping force requirements, those skilled in the art can select materials with different rigidities and moduli to make the headphone frames / headphone straps, or adjust their size and dimensions, depending on the actual situation. It is important to note that the clamping force of the headphone frame / headphone strap not only affects the sound transmission efficiency but also the user's sound experience in the low-frequency range. The clamping force referred to here is the pressure between the contact surface and the user. Preferably, the clamping force is between 0.1N and 5N; more preferably, between 0.2N and 4N; even more preferably, between 0.2N and 3N; still more preferably, between 0.2N and 1.5N; and even more preferably, between 0.3N and 1.5N.

[0148] It should be noted that the foregoing embodiments of bone conduction loudspeakers are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the invention. The components, shapes, structures, and connection methods described in these embodiments can be combined, for example... Figure 11 The reinforcing ribs in Figure 9 can be applied to... Figure 16 In any of the embodiments shown, the first transmission component 903 of the bone conduction speaker 900a in FIG9 can also be connected to both the panel and the housing, as in the first transmission component 1003 of the bone conduction speaker 1000, or it can be connected to the rear side of the housing, as in the bone conduction speaker 1200.

[0149] Figure 17 This is a flowchart of a method for setting up a bone conduction loudspeaker according to the present invention. Flow 1700 describes the steps included in setting up a bone conduction loudspeaker according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0150] In step 1710, the panel is connected to the drive device via a transmission mechanism. In some embodiments, a transmission assembly such as a vibration transducer or connector can be used to connect the drive device to the panel. Besides its structural connection function, the transmission assembly also serves to transmit vibrations. Specifically, the drive device includes a coil and a magnetic circuit assembly. The vibrations of the coil and the magnetic circuit assembly can be transmitted to the panel and / or the housing via different paths. For example, the vibration of the coil can be transmitted to the panel and / or the housing via a first transmission path, and the vibration of the magnetic circuit assembly can be transmitted to the panel and / or the housing via a second transmission path. The first transmission path may include a first transmission assembly, and the second transmission path includes a second transmission assembly, a vibration transducer, and the first transmission assembly. The first transmission assembly may be a connecting post or a connecting rod; the second transmission assembly may be a connecting post or a connecting rod.

[0151] In some embodiments, the bone conduction speaker can transmit vibrations generated by the drive unit to the panel via a transmission assembly connecting the panel and the drive unit, thereby further transmitting the vibrations to the human body through the panel that is in contact with the body. The transmission connection between the panel and the drive unit can effectively transmit the vibration signal generated by the drive unit, allowing the human body to receive the signal. In some embodiments, the panel, transmission assembly, and drive unit are generally made of rigid materials and rigidly connected to each other to improve the quality of the transmitted audio signal.

[0152] In step 1720, the relative position of the drive device and the panel can be set such that the line of the driving force generated by the drive device is not parallel to the normal of the panel. Specifically, the relative position of the drive device and the panel can be set according to the configurations of the various embodiments described above. The configuration method can be modified by changing the structure of the transmission component. For example, the transmission component can be configured such that one side is lower than the other to ensure that the line of the driving force is not parallel to the normal of the panel; or the structure of the panel or housing can be improved to achieve this technical objective. For example, a platform inclined relative to the panel can be provided inside the housing, and the drive device can be placed on this platform; or the drive device can be horizontally placed inside the housing, and the panel can be tilted to cover the housing. Any means that allows the drive device to be tilted relative to the panel so that the line of the driving force is not parallel to the normal of the area on the panel used for contact or contact with the user's body can be applied to this invention, and this invention does not impose any limitations on this.

[0153] It should be noted that the two steps described above do not have a mandatory order in the process of setting up the bone conduction speaker; their order can be interchanged. In some embodiments, the two steps are not completely separate processes; that is, they can be performed simultaneously. For example, the relative position of the drive device and the panel can be adjusted while connecting the drive device to the panel.

[0154] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above disclosure is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0155] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0156] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that aspects of this application can be described and illustrated through several patentable types or situations, including any new and useful combination of processes, machines, products, or substances, or any new and useful improvements thereof. Accordingly, aspects of this application can be implemented entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. All of the above hardware or software may be referred to as a “data block,” “module,” “engine,” “unit,” “component,” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of this application may be embodied as a computer product located on one or more computer-readable media, the product including computer-readable program code.

[0157] Furthermore, unless expressly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences, the use of numbers and letters, or other names described in this application are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this application. Although some currently considered useful embodiments of the invention have been discussed in the foregoing disclosure by way of various examples, it should be understood that such details are for illustrative purposes only, and the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments; rather, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that conform to the substance and scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, while the system components described above can be implemented by hardware devices, they can also be implemented solely by software solutions, such as installing the described system on existing servers or mobile devices.

[0158] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of the application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments contain fewer features than all the features of the single embodiments disclosed above.

[0159] In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples by terms such as "approximately," "approximately," or "generally." Unless otherwise stated, "approximately," "approximately," or "generally" indicates that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical data used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may be changed according to the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, numerical data should take into account specified significant digits and employ general methods of digit reservation. Although the numerical ranges and data used to confirm their breadth in some embodiments of this application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, such numerical values ​​are set as precisely as feasible.

[0160] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this application are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of this application. Other modifications may also fall within the scope of this application. Therefore, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this application are considered as examples and not limitations, and are regarded as consistent with the teachings of this application. Accordingly, the embodiments of this application are not limited to the embodiments explicitly described and illustrated in this application.

Claims

1. A bone conduction speaker, characterized in that, The bone conduction speaker includes a driver, a panel, and a housing. The driver generates a driving force, and the panel is connected to the driver. All or part of the panel is used to contact or abut against the user's body to conduct sound. The driver is horizontally disposed within the housing, and the panel is tilted over the housing such that the normal of the only area on the panel used to contact or abut against the user's body is not parallel to the line of the driving force.

2. The bone conduction speaker of claim 1, wherein, The area on the panel that comes into contact with or rests against the user's body is a plane or a quasi-plane; when the area on the panel that comes into contact with or rests against the user's body is a quasi-plane, the normal of the area is the average normal of the area, and the average normal is: is the average normal; is the normal at any point on the surface, and ds is the surface element.

3. The bone conduction speaker of claim 2, wherein, The angle between the normal to any point in at least 50% of the region on the quasi-plane and its average normal is less than a set threshold.

4. The bone conduction speaker of claim 3, wherein, The set threshold is less than 10°.

5. The bone conduction speaker of claim 1, wherein, The angle between the line containing the driving force and the normal is any value between 5° and 80°.

6. The bone conduction speaker of claim 1, wherein, The bone conduction speaker includes a housing that mates with the panel to form a cavity for accommodating the drive device. The drive device includes a coil and a magnetic circuit assembly, with the coil wholly or partially fitted into the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit assembly.

7. The bone conduction speaker of claim 6, wherein, The bone conduction loudspeaker includes a first transmission assembly and a transducer plate. A portion of the first transmission assembly has an annular structure adapted to the coil structure and the annular structure is connected to one end face of the coil. Another portion of the first transmission assembly is a connecting rod connected to the panel and / or the housing. One annular end face of the magnetic circuit assembly is connected to the outer edge of the transducer plate. The first transmission assembly passes through the central region of the transducer plate and is fixedly connected to it.

8. The bone conduction speaker of claim 6, wherein, The bone conduction loudspeaker includes a first transmission component, a vibrating plate, and a second transmission component. A portion of the first transmission component has a flanged structure, the flange being annular and adapted to the structure of the coil, and the flange being connected to the coil. Another portion of the first transmission component is a connecting rod, which is connected to the panel and / or the housing. The second transmission component is connected between the magnetic circuit component and the vibrating plate, the edge of the vibrating plate being fixed to the flange, and the center of the vibrating plate being connected to one end of the second transmission component.

9. The bone conduction speaker of claim 6, wherein, The bone conduction loudspeaker includes a first transmission component, a vibrating plate, and a second transmission component. A portion of the first transmission component has an annular structure adapted to the coil structure, and the annular structure is connected to one end face of the coil. Another portion of the first transmission component is a connecting rod, which is connected to the panel. The bottom surface of the magnetic circuit component is connected to the vibrating plate through the second transmission component, and the outer edge of the vibrating plate is connected to the outer shell.

10. The bone conduction speaker of claim 6, wherein, The bone conduction speaker comprises a first transmission assembly, a first vibration transmission sheet, a second vibration transmission sheet and a second transmission assembly, a part of the first transmission assembly is a structure with a flange, the flange is an annular structure which is adapted to the structure of the coil, and the flange is connected with the coil, another part of the first transmission assembly is a connecting rod which is connected with the panel, the second transmission assembly is connected between the magnetic circuit assembly and the first vibration transmission sheet, the edge of the first vibration transmission sheet is fixed on the flange, the center of the first vibration transmission sheet is connected with one end of the second transmission assembly, the edge of the second vibration transmission sheet is connected with the opening end surface of the shell, and the first transmission assembly passes through the middle area of the second vibration transmission sheet and is fixedly connected therewith.

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