Prosthesis with accommodation space and assembly method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a prosthesis with a accommodating space and an assembly method thereof, wherein a substrate is connected to a porous structure or a composite body in which the substrate is located, and the composite body is obtained by pre-combining the porous structure with an intermediate. The present invention realizes an effective combination of the porous structure and the substrate, meets the connection requirements when the overall mechanical structure and the surface performance are different, and avoids the problem of a significant decrease in the mechanical properties of the substrate caused by a hot pressing process, etc. The porous structure, the intermediate or the substrate, alone or in cooperation with each other, forms at least one accommodating space and a corresponding channel or opening for the prosthesis, so that a variety of substances such as the contents can be input into the accommodating space or output from the accommodating space as needed, thereby expanding the application scenarios of the prosthesis.

Description

[0001] This case is a divisional application

[0002] Title of original invention:

[0003] Porous structure with accommodating space and connection structure of substrate, manufacturing method thereof and prosthesis

[0004] Original application number: 202011184551.X

[0005] Original application date: October 29, 2020 Technical Field

[0006] The invention relates to a connection technology of composite materials, in particular to an application in medical devices, and provides a prosthesis with a porous structure and a substrate and a manufacturing and assembling method thereof. The prosthesis has a containing space. Background Art

[0007] Engineering applications often have different requirements for the overall performance and surface performance of mechanical structures. For example, the overall performance (such as fatigue strength) of the acetabular cup and femoral stem of an artificial hip joint must meet the fatigue resistance requirements of the prosthesis under dynamic loads of an average of one to two million times a year after being implanted in the body for decades. In addition, there are specific performance requirements for the surface of the prosthesis to ensure that the surface of the prosthesis is firmly combined with the patient's bone tissue to ensure that the prosthesis does not loosen. Otherwise, the patient will feel pain, and the prosthesis must be removed, and the patient will undergo another revision surgery to implant a new prosthesis. Other orthopedic implants (such as the spine) also have similar situations and requirements. In fact, in other fields, there are also situations where the substrate and surface have different performance requirements, and a reliable and effective connection is required between the two.

[0008] Artificial materials commonly used in joint prostheses are titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys, etc., which cannot form effective biological or chemical bonds with bones. The interface between the prosthesis and the bone is generally mainly formed through physical / mechanical bonding. For example, a highly polished prosthesis surface and bone tissue cannot form an effective bonding force. Therefore, the existing technology can form a rough surface on the prosthesis surface by sandblasting, plasma titanium spraying, etc. to increase the interface friction between the prosthesis and the bone tissue, and help enhance the physical / mechanical fixation of the prosthesis and the bone interface. In the field of orthopedics, this is called a "bone-growing" surface. Sometimes, materials such as hydroxyapatite (or combined with growth factors, stem cells and other additives) can be used as a coating on the rough surface of the prosthesis to increase bone conduction, bone induction, and bone regeneration, so as to accelerate or strengthen the attachment of bone tissue to the prosthesis surface and further improve the "bone-growing" performance.

[0009] In addition, sometimes titanium wire or titanium beads can be sintered or diffused to form a porous coating on the surface of the prosthesis (such as acetabular cup / femoral stem). Alternatively, a thin sheet 0001 with a porous structure is pre-made by metal 3D printing additive manufacturing process, vapor deposition process, etc., and then the thin sheet 0001 is combined with the solid substrate 0002 of the prosthesis by diffusion welding, such as Figure 1 As shown. These methods provide a porous surface for the prosthesis, and the bone tissue in contact with the prosthesis can regenerate. New bone tissue is filled in the interconnected porous structure, achieving the effect of "bone ingrowth" into the prosthesis. However, these processes have an inevitable consequence, which is that the mechanical strength of the substrate will be greatly reduced, thereby increasing the risk of prosthesis fracture, especially when the prosthesis (such as the femoral stem) is subjected to bending torque or tensile stress. Therefore, how to reliably and firmly combine a porous structure with its substrate while ensuring that the mechanical properties of the substrate are not significantly affected becomes a process difficulty.

[0010] Relatively speaking, welding processes such as laser welding have a lower impact on the mechanical properties of the substrate. However, when the porosity of the porous structure is very high (>50%), the interconnected brackets account for a low proportion and are weak; a large number of pores are formed between the brackets. Such a high-porosity structure, whether achieved by metal 3D printing additive manufacturing process or by sintering and other methods, when the porous structure and the substrate are directly connected by laser welding, as long as the effective diameter of the laser beam is close to or even greater than the width of the bracket, the laser energy may directly break the bracket structure and penetrate the porous structure, making it impossible to achieve a welding connection between the bracket of the porous structure and the substrate bracket. Alternatively, when penetration welding is used to connect the porous structure and the substrate, the strength of the substrate structure will be greatly reduced because it must be under high temperature and high pressure process conditions.

[0011] On the other hand, periprosthetic infection is a catastrophic complication of joint replacement and the main cause of revision after joint replacement. Its diagnosis and treatment are very difficult, and it often requires multiple surgeries and long-term anti-infection treatment. It has high complications, long hospitalization time, and expensive treatment costs. The occurrence of periprosthetic infection is the result of the interaction between pathogens, prostheses, and the human body. According to the duration of infection symptoms, it can be divided into: acute infection (less than 3 months), delayed infection (3 to 12 months), and chronic infection (more than 12 months). Acute and delayed infections are mostly caused by intraoperative contamination or postoperative wound complications, causing pathogen invasion, while chronic infections are mostly caused by pathogens from distant initial infection foci entering the blood, causing bacteremia, and spreading to the affected joints through the blood circulation, which is particularly difficult to prevent and treat. Summary of the invention

[0012] The present invention provides an effective connection structure between a porous structure and a substrate, which can maintain the mechanical properties of the substrate, meet the connection requirements when the overall and surface properties of the mechanical structure are different, and is suitable for artificial implant prostheses. The connection structure has a storage space, and various items, such as sensors or drugs, can be placed as needed. The present invention also provides a method for making the connection structure, and a prosthesis using the connection structure.

[0013] A technical solution of the present invention is to provide a connection structure of a porous structure with a containing space and a substrate, characterized in that the connection structure comprises:

[0014] A composite body, comprising a first porous structure and an intermediate body that are pre-connected or integrally formed, wherein the density of the intermediate body is higher than that of the first porous structure;

[0015] A substrate is connected to the first porous structure and / or the intermediate of the composite; the connecting structure is provided with at least one accommodating space; at least a part of the accommodating space is arranged through the first porous structure, or is arranged through the coordination of the first porous structure with the intermediate and / or the substrate.

[0016] Optionally, the intermediate comprises an insertion portion and / or an interlayer portion;

[0017] At least a portion of the structure of the insertion portion is located within the first porous structure;

[0018] At least a portion of the interlayer portion is located between the first porous structure and the substrate.

[0019] Optionally, the intermediate is a solid structure, or a second porous structure;

[0020] The density of the second porous structure is higher than the density of the first porous structure.

[0021] Optionally, the substrate is a solid structure, or a third porous structure;

[0022] The density of the third porous structure is higher than the density of the first porous structure.

[0023] Optionally, the density of the second porous structure is between the density of the first porous structure and the density of the third porous structure.

[0024] Optionally, the substrate is made by forging, casting, machining, powder metallurgy, or metal powder injection molding. Optionally, the first porous structure of the composite body and the intermediate body are integrally formed by a 3D printing additive manufacturing process, a vapor deposition process, or a sintering process.

[0025] Optionally, the substrate is made of a metal material; the first porous structure is made of a metal material; and the intermediate is made of a metal material.

[0026] Optionally, the accommodating space has no edge interface; or, the accommodating space has an edge interface in at least some directions. Optionally, the edge interface of the accommodating space is closed or open. Optionally, the edge interface of the accommodating space is formed by the first porous structure, the intermediate body or the base adjacent to the accommodating space, or by a component additionally provided to the connecting structure.

[0027] Optionally, one or more of the following components are left within the scope of the accommodating space, or none of the components; the components include a first porous structure, an intermediate, a substrate, or a component additionally arranged in a connecting structure.

[0028] Optionally, components in one or more directions beside the accommodation space fix the entity individually or in cooperation; the corresponding components at the connection structure include one or more of the following: a first porous structure, an intermediate, a substrate, and a component additionally provided to the connection structure;

[0029] The entity is one or more of the following: a solid container, a solid enclosure that encapsulates the container from the outside, and a solid edge interface of the accommodating space.

[0030] Optionally, fixing the entity includes carrying, supporting, tightly fitting, and limiting the entity.

[0031] Optionally, the accommodating space is provided with a passage or an opening connecting the inside and the outside of the accommodating space.

[0032] Optionally, the passage or opening of the accommodation space is directly or indirectly connected to an external open space;

[0033] Alternatively, the channel or opening of the accommodation space is directly or indirectly connected to other accommodation spaces.

[0034] Optionally, the channel or opening of the accommodating space is connected to the external open space by connecting to the channel or opening provided by one or more of the following components; the components include a first porous structure, an intermediate, a substrate, and a component additionally provided in the connecting structure.

[0035] Optionally, the channel or opening of the accommodating space is connected to other accommodating spaces by connecting to channels or openings provided in one or more of the following components; the components include a first porous structure, an intermediate, a substrate, and components additionally provided in the connecting structure.

[0036] Optionally, the channel or opening provided at the component is manufactured together with the component where it is located, or is manufactured by reprocessing the component where it is located; the channel or opening of the accommodating space is manufactured together with the accommodating space, or is manufactured by reprocessing the accommodating space.

[0037] Optionally, the passage or opening of the accommodation space is open;

[0038] Alternatively, the passage or opening of the receiving space is closed and awaits subsequent opening;

[0039] Alternatively, the passage or opening of the accommodating space is closed and not opened again.

[0040] Optionally, after the complex is connected to the substrate, a portion of the connecting structure is removed to form at least a portion of the accommodating space, or to form a channel or opening of the accommodating space; the removed portion includes one or more of the following: a portion of the first porous structure, at least a portion of the inserted portion, a portion of the interlayer portion, a portion of the substrate, and at least a portion of a component additionally arranged in the connecting structure.

[0041] Optionally, the removed portion serves as a closing body, which is subsequently used to close the channel or opening.

[0042] Optionally, the closing body for closing the channel or opening of the accommodation space is formed by a portion of the first porous structure or the intermediate body or the substrate adjacent to the accommodation space, or is formed by a component additionally provided to the connecting structure.

[0043] Optionally, at least a portion of the intermediate body is at a preset position of the connecting structure, adjacent to the accommodating space, serving as a passage or opening of the accommodating space; after the contents are set in the accommodating space, the portion of the intermediate body is installed at the preset position to achieve closure of the passage or opening.

[0044] Optionally, the component additionally provided at the connection structure comprises a molded part, which serves as at least a portion of the edge interface of the accommodation space, or forms a closing body for closing a channel or opening of the accommodation space;

[0045] The molded component is connected to the first porous structure, the intermediate body, or the substrate at a location adjacent to the accommodation space, or is connected to other components.

[0046] Optionally, a component additionally arranged at the connecting structure includes a filling body, which connects a portion of the support or beam adjacent to the accommodating space at the first porous structure to form a filling surface; the filling surface serves as at least a portion of the edge interface of the accommodating space, or forms a closing body for closing a channel or opening of the accommodating space; the filling surface is arranged alone at the first porous structure, or is connected to an intermediate body, a substrate or other components.

[0047] Optionally, after the molten substance solidifies at a designated position of the connecting structure, it serves as at least a portion of the edge interface of the accommodating space, or forms a closed body for closing a channel or opening of the accommodating space, or is used to connect a portion of the support or beam of the first porous structure; the substance is a polymer material, or a material that is the same as or has similar properties to the first porous structure, intermediate or substrate.

[0048] Optionally, the closing body for closing the passage or opening is made of any of the following materials:

[0049] Materials that can be triggered to open automatically when the state of their environment changes;

[0050] Materials that can react with a set substance to trigger opening;

[0051] Materials that degrade over a set time frame;

[0052] Materials that allow the contents to pass through;

[0053] Materials that allow for sustained release of contents;

[0054] The same material as the first porous structure or intermediate or substrate;

[0055] A material having similar properties to the first porous structure or intermediate or substrate.

[0056] Optionally, the property approximation includes conductivity approximation or density approximation.

[0057] Optionally, the closing body for closing the channel or the opening is a solid structure, or a porous structure having the same or different density as the first porous structure.

[0058] Optionally, all or part of the accommodation space is formed in the first porous structure;

[0059] At least a portion of the surface of the first porous structure is an exposed surface of the connecting structure.

[0060] Optionally, a portion of the accommodation space is formed at the first porous structure, and the other portion of the accommodation space is formed at one or more of the following components; the components include an intermediate body, a substrate, and a member additionally disposed at a connecting structure.

[0061] Optionally, the corresponding portion of the accommodating space is manufactured together with the component in which it is located, or the corresponding portion of the accommodating space is manufactured by reprocessing the component.

[0062] Optionally, the depression formed in the first porous structure serves as at least a part of the accommodating space.

[0063] Optionally, the recess is formed on an exposed surface of the first porous structure.

[0064] Optionally, the recess is manufactured together with the first porous structure, or the recess is manufactured by reprocessing the first porous structure.

[0065] Optionally, a range corresponding to a designated pore in the first porous structure, or a range corresponding to a plurality of designated interconnected pores, serves as at least a portion of the accommodating space.

[0066] Optionally, one or more designated pores corresponding to the accommodating space maintain their pore state when the first porous structure is manufactured and become at least a part of the accommodating space; or, one or more designated pores corresponding to the accommodating space become at least a part of the accommodating space by reprocessing a designated pore at the first porous structure, or a plurality of designated pores that were originally connected or unconnected.

[0067] Optionally, a portion of the first porous structure or the intermediate body or the substrate adjacent to the accommodation space is formed with a recessed or through structure, so that a portion of the accommodation space extends to these structures.

[0068] Optionally, the portion of the first porous structure, intermediate or substrate adjacent to the accommodating space maintains its respective shape when manufactured or when the composite is connected to the substrate to become at least a portion of the edge interface of the accommodating space, or is processed based on its shape when manufactured or when the composite is connected to the substrate to become at least a portion of the edge interface of the accommodating space.

[0069] Optionally, a portion of the first porous structure or intermediate body or substrate adjacent to the accommodating space maintains its respective shape when manufactured or when the composite body is connected to the substrate to become a closed body, or is processed based on its shape when manufactured or when the composite body is connected to the substrate to become a closed body.

[0070] Optionally, a portion of the pores of the first porous structure serve as channels or openings of the accommodating space, or are connected to the channels or openings of the accommodating space, or are connected to an external open space, or are connected to channels or openings provided in one or more of the following components: an intermediate, a substrate, or a component additionally provided in the connecting structure.

[0071] Optionally, the channel provided at the substrate is communicated with the channel or opening of the accommodation space, or with the external open space, or with the channel or opening provided in one or more of the following components: the intermediate body, the substrate, and a component additionally provided in the connection structure;

[0072] The channel provided at the substrate is a pipe formed inside the substrate; or, the channel provided at the substrate is a groove formed on the surface of the substrate close to the composite body, and at least a part of the groove is open toward the direction where the composite body is located.

[0073] Optionally, the interlayer portion between the composite body and the substrate comprises a protruding structure and / or an intermediate body;

[0074] The interlayer portion and the accommodation space have the following positional relationship a1 and / or a2:

[0075] a1. There is no interlayer part within the range of the accommodation space, or the range of the accommodation space contains a protruding structure and / or an intermediate body;

[0076] a2. The part of the interlayer portion adjacent to the accommodation space includes: a protruding structure and / or an intermediate body, or the interlayer portion is not adjacent to the accommodation space;

[0077] The sandwich portion between the composite and the substrate includes a protruding structure but does not include an intermediate body, the protruding structure is arranged on a side of the first porous structure close to the substrate and protrudes toward the substrate; the sandwich portion contacts and is connected to the substrate at the protruding structure;

[0078] Alternatively, the interlayer portion between the composite and the substrate comprises an intermediate body but does not comprise a protruding structure, and the intermediate body is in contact with and connected to the substrate;

[0079] Alternatively, the interlayer portion between the composite and the substrate comprises an intermediate body and a protruding structure, wherein the protruding structure is arranged on a side of the intermediate body close to the substrate and protrudes toward the substrate; the interlayer portion is in contact with and connected to the substrate at least at the protruding structure.

[0080] Optionally, when the area within or adjacent to the accommodating space includes a protruding structure but does not include an intermediate body, the protruding structure is fixed alone or in combination with one or more of the following components located within or adjacent to the accommodating space: a first porous structure, other protruding structures, an insertion portion of the intermediate, a component additionally arranged on the connecting structure, and a base.

[0081] Optionally, when the portion within the range of the accommodation space includes a protruding structure but does not include an intermediate body, the composite body further includes an extension body, a portion of which is connected to the protruding structure and extends into the range of the accommodation space;

[0082] Another portion of the extension body is connected to one or more of the following components adjacent to or outside the accommodating space: the first porous structure, other protruding structures, the intermediate body, the insertion portion of the intermediate body, a component additionally provided to the connection structure, and a substrate.

[0083] Optionally, the spacing gaps between adjacent protruding structures serve as channels or openings of the accommodating space, or are connected to the channels or openings of the accommodating space, or are connected to an external open space, or are connected to channels or openings provided in one or more of the following components: the first porous structure, other interlayer parts of the intermediate body, the inserted part of the intermediate body, the substrate, and components additionally provided in the connecting structure.

[0084] Optionally, the gap between the protruding structure and the substrate serves as a channel or opening of the accommodating space, or is connected to the channel or opening of the accommodating space, or is connected to an external open space, or is connected to a channel or opening provided in one or more of the following components: the first porous structure, other interlayer parts of the intermediate body, the inserted part of the intermediate body, the substrate, and a component additionally provided in the connecting structure.

[0085] Optionally, the intermediate body is in the form of a layer, a sheet, or a plate. Optionally, the intermediate body is located within the range of the accommodation space, and the entity is fixed by one or more of the following components alone or in combination: the first porous structure, other parts of the intermediate body, other interlayer parts outside the intermediate body, the insertion part of the intermediate, a component additionally provided to the connection structure, and a substrate.

[0086] Optionally, the intermediate body is located within the range of the accommodation space, serving as at least a portion of the edge interface of the accommodation space. Optionally, a notch is provided in the intermediate body within the range of the accommodation space to fix the entity embedded in the notch.

[0087] Optionally, a portion of the intermediate body within the accommodating space is provided with a notch, which serves as a channel or opening of the accommodating space, or is connected to the channel or opening of the accommodating space, or is connected to an external open space, or is connected to a channel or opening provided in one or more of the following components: the first porous structure, other portions of the intermediate body, other interlayer portions outside the intermediate body, an inserted portion of the intermediate, a component additionally provided to the connecting structure, and a substrate.

[0088] Optionally, a notch is provided at a portion of the intermediate body within the accommodating space, and an extension body is provided inside the notch; the entity is fixed by the extension body. Optionally, the intermediate body is closed; or, the intermediate body is provided with a channel or an opening.

[0089] Optionally, the channel provided at the intermediate body is a pipe formed inside the intermediate body; or, the channel provided at the intermediate body is a groove formed on the surface of the intermediate body close to the substrate, and at least a portion of the groove is open toward the direction where the substrate is located.

[0090] Optionally, a first groove is provided at the intermediate body as a channel of the intermediate body, and / or a second groove is provided at the substrate as a channel of the substrate; wherein the first groove is formed on the surface of the intermediate body close to the substrate, and at least a portion of the first groove is open in the direction of the substrate; the second groove is formed on the surface of the substrate close to the composite, and at least a portion of the second groove is open in the direction of the composite; when the first groove and the second groove are provided at the same time, the two are staggered with each other, or the two are interlocked to form a channel.

[0091] Optionally, when the composite body is resistance welded to the substrate, the welding interface of the composite body comprises a first porous structure and / or an intermediate body, and has no protruding structure protruding toward the substrate; or, the welding interface of the composite body comprises one or more of the first porous structure, the intermediate body, and a protruding structure protruding toward the substrate.

[0092] Optionally, when the composite body is resistance welded to the substrate, the welding interface of the substrate is provided with a substrate protrusion structure, and the substrate protrusion structure protrudes toward the welding interface of the composite body; the substrate is connected to the welding interface of the composite body at least through the substrate protrusion structure; and connected to the substrate protrusion structure is the first porous structure on the welding interface of the composite body, or the interlayer portion that does not include the protrusion structure, or the portion where the protrusion structure is not provided at the interlayer portion.

[0093] Optionally, the connection structure comprises a support portion, at least a portion of which is inserted into the first porous structure; the first end of the support portion is close to the first side of the first porous structure, and the second end of the support portion is close to the second side of the first porous structure; the second side of the first porous structure is a side close to the welding interface of the composite body, and the first side is a side opposite to the second side;

[0094] The support part forms a receiving space alone or in combination with one or more of the following parts, or the support part fixes the entity alone or in combination with one or more of the following parts; the parts include: other support parts, a first porous structure, an insertion part of the intermediate body, an interlayer part of the intermediate body, a substrate, and components additionally arranged in the connecting structure.

[0095] Optionally, the support portion is manufactured together with the first porous structure, or is additionally provided at the first porous structure; the portion of the support portion used for providing the accommodation space or for fixing the entity is manufactured together with other portions of the support portion, or is manufactured by processing the support portion;

[0096] The support part used to set the accommodation space or to fix the entity is the entire support part in the first porous structure, or a part of the support part. Optionally, the accommodation space is formed entirely or partially in the support part. Optionally, the entire or partial surface of the support part serves as at least a part of the edge interface of the accommodation space.

[0097] Optionally, the gap or gap existing or opened at the support portion is used as at least a part of the accommodating space; or, the gap or gap existing or opened at the support portion is used to fix the entity; or, the gap or gap existing or opened at the support portion is used to set a component for fixing the entity.

[0098] Optionally, the spacing gaps between adjacent supporting parts, and / or the channels or openings opened at the supporting parts, serve as the channels or openings of the accommodating space, or are connected to the channels or openings of the accommodating space, or are connected to the external open space, or are connected to the channels or openings provided in one or more of the following components: the first porous structure, the interlayer part of the intermediate body, the insertion part of the intermediate body, the substrate, and a component additionally provided in the connecting structure.

[0099] Optionally, after the composite is connected to the substrate, a gap formed by removing all or part of the support portion becomes at least a part of the accommodation space.

[0100] Optionally, the gap corresponding to the insertion position of the support part in the first porous structure is used as a receiving space, or as a channel or opening, or is used to set other components for fixing the entity;

[0101] Wherein, the gap corresponding to the insertion part is formed before the composite is connected to the substrate, and the supporting part is located in the gap; or, the gap corresponding to the insertion part is formed after the composite is connected to the substrate, and the supporting part is located in the gap, or is not located in the gap.

[0102] Optionally, when the composite is connected to the substrate, the support portion is in direct contact with the first porous structure around its insertion site; after the composite is connected to the substrate, all or part of the support portion is removed to form a gap corresponding to the insertion site.

[0103] Optionally, when the composite is connected to the substrate, the support portion has no direct contact with the first porous structure around the insertion portion, and the support portion is inserted into a first gap formed in the first porous structure; the support portion is separated from the surrounding first porous structure by a gap in the first gap; after the composite is connected to the substrate, the gap left by removing all or part of the support portion is connected to the gap of the first gap to form a gap corresponding to the insertion portion.

[0104] Optionally, when the composite is connected to the substrate, the support portion has no direct contact with the first porous structure around the insertion portion, and the support portion is inserted into a first gap formed in the first porous structure; the support portion is separated from the surrounding first porous structure by the gap in the first gap; after the composite is connected to the substrate, the support portion is retained, with the gap in the first gap serving as a gap corresponding to the insertion portion.

[0105] Optionally, when the composite is connected to the substrate, an insulator is arranged in the interval of the first gap to separate the support portion from the surrounding first porous structure; after the composite is connected to the substrate, the insulator is removed in whole or in part to form a gap corresponding to the insertion portion, or to form a gap connected to the gap.

[0106] Optionally, after the composite is connected to the substrate, the first porous structure around the insertion site maintains its state when the composite is connected to the substrate, or is partially removed to form a gap corresponding to the insertion site, or is partially removed to form a space connected to the gap.

[0107] Optionally, after the composite is connected to the substrate, the first end of the support portion does not extend beyond the first side surface of the first porous structure, and the gap corresponding to the insertion portion includes a space between the first end of the support portion and the first side surface of the first porous structure;

[0108] After the composite is connected to the substrate, the first end of the support portion extends beyond the first side surface of the first porous structure or is flush with the first side surface, and the gap corresponding to the insertion portion includes the space between the insertion portion of the support portion and the first porous structure around it.

[0109] Optionally, the second end of the support portion does not extend beyond the second side surface of the first porous structure, or is flush with the second side surface of the first porous structure; when the second end of the support portion is flush with the second side surface, the interlayer portion included in the intermediate body is in contact with or not in contact with the second end of the support portion; when the second end of the support portion is flush with the second side surface and the intermediate body does not include the interlayer portion, the second end of the support portion is connected to or not connected to the base.

[0110] Optionally, the support portion contacts a side of the intermediate body included in the interlayer portion away from the substrate, and a side of the intermediate body close to the substrate is provided with a protruding structure protruding toward the substrate or has no protruding structure;

[0111] Alternatively, the support portion contacts a side of a protruding structure included in the interlayer portion away from the substrate, and the protruding structure is arranged on the second side surface of the first porous structure and protrudes toward the substrate.

[0112] Optionally, the protrusion structures included in the support portion and the interlayer portion are arranged correspondingly and in direct contact; or, the protrusions of the support portion and the interlayer portion are staggered and not in direct contact;

[0113] The protruding structure protrudes toward the substrate and is arranged on the second side surface of the first porous structure, or is arranged on a side of the intermediate body included in the interlayer part close to the substrate.

[0114] Optionally, the support portion is made of insulating material; or, the support portion is made of conductive material and is an insertion portion of the intermediate body.

[0115] Optionally, the support portion is made of a molten substance that solidifies at the injected first porous structure; the substance is a polymer material, or a material that is the same as or has similar properties to the first porous structure, the intermediate, or the substrate. Optionally, the support portion is a solid structure; or, the support portion is a porous structure, and the density is higher than that of the first porous structure.

[0116] Optionally, a coupling body and / or an extension body is provided at the support portion, serving as at least a part of the edge interface, or as a closing body for closing a channel or opening of the accommodating space, or for fixing the entity alone or in conjunction with one or more of the following components:

[0117] The component comprises: a support portion connected to a connecting body or an extending body, other supporting portions, a first porous structure, an inserting portion of an intermediate body, an interlayer portion of an intermediate body, a substrate, other connecting bodies or extending bodies, and components additionally arranged in the connecting structure;

[0118] Wherein, the two ends of the coupling body are respectively connected to the two supporting parts;

[0119] One end of the extension body is connected to the support part, and the other end extends to the open space, or extends to the first porous structure, or the insertion part of the intermediate body, or the interlayer part of the intermediate body, or other parts of the components arranged in the connection structure and adjacent to the accommodating space.

[0120] Optionally, a coupling body connected between a pair of supporting parts is close to the first end of the supporting part; a notch is provided between the same pair of supporting parts, and the notch is close to the second end of the supporting part; a spaced gap is formed between the coupling body and the surface of the base exposed at the notch, and the gap becomes at least a part of the accommodating space.

[0121] Optionally, a connecting body connected between a pair of supporting parts is closer to the first end of the supporting part; a notch is provided between the same pair of supporting parts, the notch is close to the second end of the supporting part, and an extension body connected to the same pair of supporting parts is provided at the notch; a spaced gap is formed between the connecting body and the extension body, and the gap becomes at least a part of the accommodating space.

[0122] Optionally, the first coupling body connected between a pair of support parts is closer to the first end of the support part; a second coupling body is also connected between the same pair of support parts, and the second coupling body is close to the second end of the support part; a gap is formed between the first coupling body and the second coupling body, and the gap becomes at least a part of the accommodating space.

[0123] Optionally, the gap is connected to an opening of a channel or a pipe located on the surface of the substrate; the channel or the pipe is used to arrange a cable connected to a sensor, or to deliver a drug.

[0124] Optionally, the portion of the channel on the surface of the substrate that is not connected to the gap is covered by an intermediate body of the interlayer portion connected to the substrate.

[0125] Optionally, the coupling body or the extension body itself is fixed by the support part alone, or by the support part in cooperation with one or more of the following components: the first porous structure, the insertion part of the intermediate body, the sandwich part of the intermediate body, the substrate, and a component additionally arranged in the connection structure;

[0126] The component for fixing the extension body is located at one end of the extension body, or at other positions other than the two ends of the extension body; the component for fixing the connecting body is located at other positions other than the two ends of the connecting body.

[0127] Optionally, the two supporting parts respectively connected to the two ends of the coupling body are located at the same edge interface of the accommodating space, or at different edge interfaces adjacent or opposite to each other in the accommodating space.

[0128] Optionally, the coupling body or the extension body is made together with the support part, or is additionally arranged at the support part. Optionally, the gap or notch or depression at the support part is used to arrange the coupling body or the extension body.

[0129] Optionally, the connecting body or the extending body is a molded component or a filling body provided at the supporting portion.

[0130] Optionally, the connecting body or the extending body is made of a conductive material or an insulating material.

[0131] Optionally, the connecting body or the extending body is a solid structure; or, the connecting body or the extending body is a porous structure, and its density is the same as or different from the density of the first porous structure.

[0132] Optionally, the composite is provided with an anchor point; the anchor point comprises an anchor point body, which is located on the second side of the first porous structure close to the substrate; the second side of the anchor point body is in contact with and connected to the substrate;

[0133] The void formed on the first side of the anchor body serves as a receiving space, or is used for inserting an embedded structure of a entity to fix the entity, or serves as a channel or opening of the receiving space, or is connected to the channel or opening of the receiving space, or is connected to an external open space, or is connected to a channel or opening provided in one or more of the following components: the first porous structure, the substrate, and a component additionally provided in the connecting structure.

[0134] Optionally, the laser welding beam passes through a gap pre-formed on the first side of the anchor body, reaches the first side of the anchor body, and connects the anchor body to the substrate;

[0135] Alternatively, a laser welding beam passes through the first porous structure filled on the first side of the anchor body to form a gap on the first side of the anchor body, and the beam reaches the first side of the anchor body to connect the anchor body to the substrate;

[0136] Alternatively, a single electrode of the resistance welding is inserted into the gap pre-formed on the first side of the anchor body, reaches the first side of the anchor body, conducts current to the anchor body and the adjacent portion of the second side of the first porous structure, and connects the composite to the substrate.

[0137] Optionally, the anchor further comprises an anchor periphery, the first side of the anchor body is provided with at least one anchor periphery, or the first side of the anchor body is provided with a surrounding anchor periphery;

[0138] The anchor perimeter is at least partially inserted into the first porous structure, a first end of the anchor perimeter is adjacent to a first side of the first porous structure, and a second end of the anchor perimeter is adjacent to a second side of the first porous structure;

[0139] The periphery of the anchor point serves as at least a part of the edge interface; or, the periphery of the anchor point is provided with a channel or opening for inserting the embedded structure of the entity to fix the entity, or serves as a channel or opening of the receiving space, or communicates with the channel or opening of the receiving space, or communicates with the external open space, or communicates with the channel or opening provided by one or more of the following components: the first porous structure, the intermediate body, the substrate, and a component additionally provided in the connecting structure. Optionally, the space enclosed by the periphery of the surrounding anchor point corresponds to the gap on the first side of the anchor point body.

[0140] Optionally, the anchor point is connected to at least one other anchor point via a connector; the connector comprises a connector body connected to the anchor point body; the connector body is located on the second side of the first porous structure close to the substrate; the second side of the anchor point body is in contact with or not in contact with the substrate;

[0141] Alternatively, the coupling body includes the coupling body body and at least one coupling body side wall; the coupling body side wall is at least partially inserted into the first porous structure, the first end of the coupling body side wall is close to the first side of the first porous structure, and the second end of the coupling body side wall is close to the second side of the first porous structure; the anchor point connected to the coupling body has no anchor point periphery, or the anchor point connected to the coupling body is provided with an anchor point periphery connected to the coupling body side wall;

[0142] The coupling body serves as at least a part of the edge interface, or the coupling body is provided with a channel or opening, or an embedded structure of an entity is inserted to fix the entity, or serves as a channel or opening of a receiving space, or is connected to a channel or opening of a receiving space, or is connected to an external open space, or is connected to a channel or opening provided in one or more of the following components: a first porous structure, an intermediate, a substrate, and a component additionally provided in the connecting structure.

[0143] Optionally, the anchor point is a solid structure; or, the anchor point is a porous structure with a higher density than the first porous structure; the coupling body is a solid structure; or, the coupling body is a porous structure with a higher density than the first porous structure; the density of the coupling body is consistent with or inconsistent with the density of the anchor point. Optionally, the anchor point body belongs to the sandwich part of the intermediate body; the anchor point periphery belongs to the support part; the coupling body body belongs to the sandwich part of the intermediate body, and the coupling body side wall belongs to the support part.

[0144] Optionally, there is a pair of contact surfaces between the composite body and the substrate, and connection is performed at the pair of contact surfaces; or, there are multiple pairs of contact surfaces between the composite body and the substrate, and at least one pair of contact surfaces is connected to each other;

[0145] The accommodation space is arranged at a position of the composite body avoiding the contact surface, or the accommodation space extends to the contact surface of the composite body, or the accommodation space extends through the contact surface of the composite body to the substrate.

[0146] Optionally, the contact surface of the substrate includes a contact area, which is in contact with and connected to one composite body, or is in contact with and connected to multiple composite bodies respectively; or, the contact surface of the substrate includes multiple contact areas, which are in contact with and connected to the same composite body; or, the contact surface of the substrate includes multiple contact areas, each of which is in contact with and connected to a corresponding composite body, or each contact area is in contact with multiple corresponding composite bodies respectively; when there are multiple composite bodies, the accommodation spaces of adjacent composite bodies are each independent or interconnected.

[0147] Optionally, one contact area of ​​the substrate corresponds to a surface of the substrate in one direction or in different directions; multiple contact areas of the substrate correspond to surfaces of the substrate in the same direction or in different directions.

[0148] Optionally, at least one pair of contact surfaces between the composite body and the substrate is formed with matching limiting openings and limiting protrusions; the limiting opening is formed on one of the contact surfaces in the pair, and the limiting protrusion is formed on the other contact surface in the pair and can be inserted into the limiting opening; the contact surface with the limiting opening and the contact surface with the limiting protrusion are a pair of contact surfaces connected to each other, or a pair of contact surfaces not connected to each other;

[0149] Wherein, the accommodation space or the passage or opening of the accommodation space is arranged away from the contact surface where the limiting opening and the limiting protrusion are located;

[0150] Alternatively, the accommodation space or the passage or opening of the accommodation space is arranged at a contact surface where the limiting opening and the limiting protrusion are located, or at a location away from the limiting opening and the limiting protrusion;

[0151] Alternatively, after the composite body is connected to the substrate, the accommodation space or the channel or opening of the accommodation space is provided by utilizing the location where the limiting opening and / or the limiting protrusion are located or processing the location.

[0152] Optionally, at least one pair of contact surfaces of the composite body and the substrate are positioned by forming matching surfaces; the pair of contact surfaces are connected to each other or are not connected to each other;

[0153] The accommodating space or the channel or opening of the accommodating space is arranged away from the contact surface used for positioning, or is arranged on the contact surface used for positioning.

[0154] Optionally, the substrate is provided with a recess, and the composite includes a portion embedded in the recess, a pair of contact surfaces between the portion and the recess of the substrate, and the pair of contact surfaces are connected to each other; or, there are multiple pairs of contact surfaces between the portion and the recess of the substrate, and at least one pair of contact surfaces is connected to each other.

[0155] Optionally, the portion of the complex body embedded in the recessed portion of the base includes an interlayer portion of the intermediate body;

[0156] The concave portion of the substrate comprises an opening, a first surface opposite to the opening, and a side edge between the opening and the first surface; the sandwich portion of the composite comprises a second surface in contact with the first surface of the concave portion, and the side edge of the concave portion is in contact with or not in contact with the first porous structure in the corresponding direction of the composite; or, the sandwich portion comprises the second surface and a third surface in contact with the side edge of the concave portion;

[0157] Among them, the second surface and / or the third surface of the interlayer part are adjacent to the receiving space, serving as at least part of the edge interface of the receiving space; or, the second surface and / or the third surface of the interlayer part are adjacent to the receiving space, so that the receiving space extends to the first surface and / or the side of the base recess; or, the second surface and / or the third surface of the interlayer part are adjacent to the receiving space, and are used to fix the entity alone or in combination with one or more of the following components; or, the second surface and / or the third surface of the interlayer part are adjacent to the receiving space, and a channel or opening is opened as the channel or opening of the receiving space, or the channel or opening connected to the receiving space, or connected to an external open space, or connected to a channel or opening provided by one or more of the following components; the components include: the base recess, the first porous structure, other parts of the interlayer part, other intermediates, and components additionally provided to the connecting structure.

[0158] Optionally, at least one side of the concave portion of the base is an inclined surface, which forms a set angle with the first surface; and a third surface in contact with the side is an inclined surface, which forms a set angle with the second surface. Optionally, the angle is an acute angle.

[0159] Optionally, the composite body is connected to the substrate by laser welding or resistance welding; the accommodation space is formed before, during, or after the composite body is connected to the substrate.

[0160] Optionally, the connection structure comprises an intermediate layer of polymer material; the accommodation space is arranged by utilizing the polymer material layer, or is arranged avoiding the polymer material layer;

[0161] A polymer material is injected into any porous structure at the connection structure, or any porous structure and the substrate, or two adjacent porous structures are connected by the injected polymer material, and the molten polymer material simultaneously penetrates into the connected parts, so that the polymer material and the part where it is located form a polymer material intermediate layer.

[0162] Optionally, at least a portion of the surface of the intermediate layer of polymer material is used as at least a portion of the edge interface of the accommodating space; or, all or a portion of the accommodating space is formed in the intermediate layer of polymer material; or, at least a portion of the surface of the polymer material layer is used to fix the entity alone or in combination with one or more of the following components: a first porous structure, a substrate, a supporting portion, a sandwich portion of the intermediate body, and a component additionally arranged to the connecting structure.

[0163] Optionally, the accommodation space is arranged in a component without a polymer material intermediate layer within the connection structure; or, the accommodation space is arranged in a region of a component with a polymer material intermediate layer avoiding the polymer material intermediate layer.

[0164] Optionally, the polymer material intermediate layer is formed in the first porous structure and / or in the second porous structure serving as the sandwich portion.

[0165] Optionally, an intermediate layer of polymer material is formed between the first porous structure and the substrate;

[0166] Alternatively, an intermediate layer of a polymer material is formed between the second porous structure as the interlayer portion and the substrate.

[0167] Optionally, a polymer material intermediate layer is formed between the first side of the first porous structure and a fourth porous structure; the fourth porous structure is arranged separately and pre-connected or integrally formed with a fifth porous structure to form another composite body, and the fourth porous structure and the fifth porous structure have different densities;

[0168] The first side of the first porous structure is the side thereof facing away from the substrate.

[0169] Optionally, a spacer layer is provided in the porous structure where the polymer material intermediate layer is located or in a porous structure adjacent thereto to limit the injection and penetration position of the polymer material; the spacer layer is integrally formed with the porous structure where it is located, or is separately provided in the porous structure.

[0170] Optionally, the spacer layer serves as at least a portion of the edge interface of the accommodating space, or the spacer layer is used to fix the entity alone or in combination with one or more of the following components: a first porous structure, a substrate, a supporting portion, an interlayer portion of an intermediate, a component additionally arranged to the connecting structure, and a polymer material layer.

[0171] Optionally, the spacer layer is a solid structure or a porous structure, and the density of the spacer layer is higher than the density of the porous structure injected with the polymer material.

[0172] Optionally, the polymer material layer or the spacer layer is provided with a channel or an opening, which serves as a channel or an opening of the accommodating space, or a channel or an opening connected to the accommodating space, or a channel or an opening connected to an external open space, or a channel or an opening connected to one or more of the following components; the components include: a first porous structure, a supporting part, an interlayer part of an intermediate body, a substrate, and a component additionally arranged in the connecting structure.

[0173] Optionally, the polymer material intermediate layer or spacer layer serves as a sealing body for sealing the channel or opening.

[0174] The contents include electrical appliances and a device for supplying power thereto, which is arranged in the storage space where the electrical appliances are located or in other storage spaces, or is arranged outside the connection structure; the device supplies power to the electrical appliances via wired or wireless means.

[0175] Optionally, the contained object includes an electrical appliance, which transmits electrical energy and / or signals to other devices through cables; the cables are arranged in a channel of the containing space, and / or in a channel opened by various components of the connecting structure and connected to a channel or opening of the containing space;

[0176] Among them, the other devices connected by cables are located in the accommodation space where the electrical appliance is located or other accommodation spaces, or are arranged outside the connection structure.

[0177] Optionally, the content is a sensor.

[0178] Optionally, the sensor detects one or more conditions of the surrounding environment: temperature, pressure, and humidity.

[0179] Optionally, the sensor detects bacterial species.

[0180] Optionally, the detection surface of the sensor is exposed outside the surface of the connection structure, or faces a channel or opening that can be connected to the exposed surface of the connection structure;

[0181] Alternatively, at the sensor, a probe for detection, or an antenna for wirelessly transmitting electrical energy and / or signals, extends through a passage or opening of the accommodation space.

[0182] Optionally, the contents are drugs. Optionally, the solid drugs are directly fixed by the corresponding parts of the connecting structure; or, after being wrapped by the solid coating, the drugs are placed in the containing space or fixed by the corresponding parts of the connecting structure; or, the drugs are placed in the containing space.

[0183] Optionally, the opening at the accommodating space includes an input port and an output port for the drug; the input port and the output port are independent openings or the same opening; the input port of the accommodating space is directly connected to the external open space, or is indirectly connected to the external open space through channels and openings set by other components of the connecting structure; the output port of the accommodating space is directly connected to the external open space, or is indirectly connected to the external open space through channels and openings set by other components of the connecting structure.

[0184] Optionally, the channel at the containing space includes an input channel and an output channel for the drug; the input channel and the output channel are independent channels or the same channel; the input channel of the containing space is directly connected to the external open space, or is indirectly connected to the external open space through a channel provided by other components of the connecting structure; the output channel of the containing space is directly connected to the external open space, or is indirectly connected to the external open space through a channel provided by other components of the connecting structure.

[0185] Optionally, the input channel or input port is open, or is closed and waiting to be opened subsequently, or is closed and no longer opened; the output channel or output port is open, or is closed and waiting to be opened subsequently.

[0186] Optionally, the drug coating is made of any of the following materials;

[0187] Materials that can be triggered to open automatically when the state of their environment changes;

[0188] Materials that can react with a set substance to trigger opening;

[0189] Materials that degrade over a set time frame;

[0190] Materials that allow the passage of drugs;

[0191] Materials that allow for sustained release of drugs;

[0192] Dissolvable materials.

[0193] Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a prosthesis, wherein the prosthesis is provided with any one of the above-mentioned connection structures; the prosthesis comprises:

[0194] A composite body, comprising a first porous structure and an intermediate body that are pre-connected or integrally formed; the intermediate body has a higher density than the first porous structure;

[0195] A prosthesis body, serving as a substrate; at least a portion of the surface of the prosthesis body is configured as a connection region, connected to the first porous structure and / or the intermediate body of the composite;

[0196] Wherein, the connecting structure is provided with at least one accommodating space.

[0197] Optionally, the prosthesis is an orthopedic prosthesis. Optionally, the prosthesis is a joint prosthesis.

[0198] Optionally, the composite is formed as a shell, which covers the connection area of ​​the prosthesis body, contacts and connects to the connection area; the surface of the prosthesis body where the connection area is located corresponds to the same direction on the prosthesis body or corresponds to different directions on the prosthesis body.

[0199] Optionally, the shell formed by the composite is a whole; or, the shell formed by the composite comprises a plurality of shell sheets; wherein the plurality of shell sheets are independent of each other, or adjacent shell sheets are connected at adjacent edges on at least one side.

[0200] Optionally, the prosthesis is any one of the following: femoral stem, acetabular cup, intervertebral fusion cage, femoral condyle, tibial plateau, spinal prosthesis, ankle joint, shoulder joint, elbow joint, finger joint, toe joint, intervertebral facet joint, mandibular joint, wrist joint, artificial tooth root.

[0201] Optionally, the prosthesis is a femoral stem of a hip joint, and the stem body of the femoral stem serves as a base;

[0202] At least a portion of the surface of the proximal end of the handle body is provided with a connection area.

[0203] Optionally, the prosthesis is an acetabular cup of a hip joint, and the cup body of the acetabular cup serves as a base;

[0204] At least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the cup body is provided with a connection area.

[0205] Optionally, the prosthesis is an intervertebral fusion cage, and a fusion cage body of the intervertebral fusion cage serves as a base;

[0206] The connection area is located at least on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fusion device body.

[0207] Optionally, the prosthesis is a femoral condyle, and the main body of the femoral condyle of the femoral condyle serves as a base;

[0208] At least a portion of the surface of the inner concave surface of the femoral condyle body is provided with a connection area.

[0209] Optionally, the prosthesis is a tibial plateau, which comprises a tibial plateau body as a base,

[0210] The connection area is located on the lower surface of the platform tray of the tibial plateau body.

[0211] Optionally, the surface of the porous surface structure is further formed with any one or more of the following substances: an osteoconductive coating, an osteoinductive coating, an antibacterial coating, or a carrier of cells or growth factors.

[0212] Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a connection structure of a porous structure with a containing space and a substrate, which is used to manufacture any of the above connection structures;

[0213] The production method comprises:

[0214] The first porous structure and the intermediate are pre-connected or integrally formed to obtain a composite; the intermediate has a higher density than the first porous structure;

[0215] Connecting the first porous structure and / or the intermediate body of the composite to a substrate;

[0216] At least one accommodating space is provided for the connecting structure; at least a portion of the accommodating space is provided by the first porous structure, or by the cooperation of the first porous structure with the intermediate and / or the substrate;

[0217] The receiving space is provided before, during or after the composite is connected to the substrate.

[0218] The connection structure of the example of the present invention manufactures a composite body through a pre-connection or one-piece molding process (3D printing, etc.), so that it includes a first porous structure and an intermediate body with a higher density (a solid body or a porous structure with a lower porosity) relatively thereto; a welding method (laser welding or resistance welding) is adopted to effectively combine the composite body and the substrate; the laser welding beam acts on the intermediate body, avoiding the problem that the original laser energy directly acts on the first porous structure and breaks its bracket, making the connection between the composite body and the substrate more reliable; the projection welding resistance welding method uses contact resistance to generate a local heat source to achieve welding, which greatly reduces or avoids the problem of a significant decrease in the mechanical properties of the substrate caused by hot pressing processes (such as penetration welding processes); the present invention can also use projection welding resistance welding and spot welding resistance welding in combination to strengthen the welding strength between the intermediate body and the substrate and reduce surface damage to the porous surface structure.

[0219] The connection structure of the example of the present invention can be manufactured by various processes such as forging, casting, machining or powder metallurgy to manufacture the substrate. The substrate can be solid, or it can be a high-density porous structure (the density of the first porous structure is lower than that of the substrate, and the density of the intermediate can be between the two. The present invention realizes the effective combination of the porous surface and the solid (high-density) substrate, meets the connection requirements of the overall mechanical structure and the surface performance are different, and avoids the problem of a significant decrease in the mechanical properties of the substrate caused by the hot pressing process, so that the strength of the substrate is not substantially affected. The present invention also avoids 3D printing of the entire solid (high-density) substrate, so that the processing operation is simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and time is saved.

[0220] In the connection structure of the example of the present invention, a support portion is arranged in the first porous structure to limit the electrode or the pressure head, thereby ensuring that the height of the surface of the first porous structure after resistance welding is completed can reach a preset height, thereby avoiding excessive compression of the first porous structure; when the support portion is used for limiting, an insulating material can be used, or a conductive material can be used to make a solid or high-density porous structure as the support portion; when the support portion is a good conductive material, most of the current output by the electrode is further guided to flow preferentially through the support portion to the welding interface of the composite, thereby improving the current conduction efficiency, ensuring the welding strength between the composite and the substrate, and reducing damage to the surface of the first porous structure.

[0221] In the exemplary connection structure of the present invention, an interlayer part, such as an intermediate body and / or a protruding structure, is provided at the welding interface of the first porous structure, and is connected to the substrate through the interlayer part; or, a reverse protruding structure is provided at the welding interface of the substrate, and is connected to the non-protruding part such as the intermediate body or the first porous structure of the interlayer part. The present invention utilizes the protruding structure of the interlayer part or the reverse protruding structure of the substrate to adjust the contact resistance of the welding interface, thereby improving the welding strength.

[0222] The connection structure of the example of the present invention can arrange any one or more of the conductive support part, the intermediate body of the sandwich part, and the protruding structure of the sandwich part in the first porous structure to adjust the contact resistance of the welding interface, change the path of current conduction, and improve the efficiency of current conduction, etc., to adapt to different situations of the connection between the composite and the substrate. Using an integrated molding method such as 3D printing, it is convenient to make the support part, the intermediate body, the protruding structure and other components at the first porous structure according to the optimal design, simplifying the processing operation, reducing the manufacturing cost, and saving time.

[0223] The connection structure of the present invention is provided with a receiving space, which is at least partially provided by the first porous structure. It is preferred that the receiving space is provided in cooperation with various components provided for connecting the composite body and the substrate, such as the support portion, the intermediate body, the protruding structure, etc., so that the composite body and the substrate can be reliably connected, and these components can be further utilized, and more options are provided for the setting of the receiving space to meet the needs of different article storage and use.

[0224] The present invention uses a porous structure with a accommodating space and a connecting structure of a base to make various artificial implant prostheses, especially various orthopedic prostheses and joint prostheses, such as a femoral stem body, an acetabular cup body, etc., so that the prosthesis body is easy to process and has high strength. At the same time, the porous surface effectively combined with it optimizes the performance of bone ingrowth, and the cross-section of the prosthesis (such as a femoral stem) can also be minimized. Sensors can be set up using the connecting structure to detect various states around the prosthesis and promptly detect the occurrence of infection; drugs can also be set up and injected and released as needed to prevent or treat infections around the prosthesis, providing a better user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0225] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a first porous structure directly connected to a substrate in the prior art;

[0226] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the intermediate body of the complex of the present invention and the substrate;

[0227] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the intermediate body and the protruding structure of the composite of the present invention and the substrate;

[0228] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the protruding structure of the composite of the present invention;

[0229] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second porous structure of the composite body of the present invention and the substrate;

[0230] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second porous structure and the protruding structure of the composite of the present invention and the substrate;

[0231] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the present invention using a flexible electrode;

[0232] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention using a flexible conductive medium;

[0233] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another example of using a conductive medium in the present invention;

[0234] Figure 10 to Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the first porous structure used to set up a receiving space and a received object in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0235] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of arranging a filler at the first porous structure in the present invention;

[0236] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of connecting a complex on two opposite surfaces of a substrate according to the present invention;

[0237] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of a protrusion structure connected to a substrate and a fixing entity according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0238] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of a convex structure used to set a receiving space and a received object in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0239] Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the base protrusion structure and the intermediate body of the present invention;

[0240] Fig. 20 , Fig.21 These are two examples of the fusion state of the intermediate body and the first porous structure of the present invention;

[0241] Fig. 22 , Fig.23 is a schematic diagram of the polymer material before and after being filled between the first porous structure and the substrate according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0242] Fig.24 is based on Fig.23A schematic diagram of the connection structure for arranging the accommodation space and the contents;

[0243] Fig.25 , Fig.26 is a schematic diagram of the polymer material before and after being filled between the second porous structure and the substrate according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0244] Fig. 27 is based on Fig.26 A schematic diagram of the connection structure for arranging the accommodation space and the contents;

[0245] Fig.28 , Fig.29 is a schematic diagram of the polymer material described in Example 3 of the present invention before and after being filled between the first porous structure with the spacer layer and the substrate;

[0246] Fig.30 is based on Fig.29 A schematic diagram of the connection structure for arranging the accommodation space and the contents;

[0247] Fig.31 It is a schematic diagram of the polymer material described in the third embodiment of the present invention being arranged between the fourth porous structure and the first porous structure, and the receiving space and the contents being arranged by the connecting structure;

[0248] Fig.32 It is a schematic diagram of the polymer material described in the third embodiment of the present invention being arranged between the fifth porous structure and the first porous structure, and the receiving space and the contents being arranged by the connecting structure;

[0249] Fig.33 It is a schematic diagram of the polymer material described in the third embodiment of the present invention being arranged between the fourth porous structure with the spacer layer and the first porous structure, and the receiving space and the contents are arranged by the connecting structure;

[0250] Figure 34 to Figure 42 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure with a support portion according to the present invention, in which the accommodation space and the contents are arranged; wherein,

[0251] Fig.34 The top of the support portion is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom does not contact the substrate;

[0252] Fig.35 The top of the support portion is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom contacts the substrate;

[0253] Fig.36 The top of the support portion is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom contacts the intermediate body;

[0254] Fig.37 The top of the support portion is flush with the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom does not contact the substrate;

[0255] Fig.38 The top of the support portion is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom contacts the substrate;

[0256] Fig.39 The top of the support portion is higher than the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom contacts the substrate;

[0257] Fig.40 The top of the support portion is higher than the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom does not contact the substrate;

[0258] Fig.41 The top of the support portion is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom does not contact the intermediate body and the protruding structure;

[0259] Fig.42 The top of the support portion is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure, and the bottom does not contact the intermediate body;

[0260] Figures 43 to 51 is a schematic diagram of the top-down direction;

[0261] Figures 43 to 48 is a schematic diagram of setting the accommodation space and the contents through the support part;

[0262] Fig.49 It is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop nested structure;

[0263] Fig.50 It is a schematic diagram of a non-closed loop nested structure;

[0264] Fig.51 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal embedded structure;

[0265] Figures 52 to 61 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the composite body with the support portion and the substrate of the present invention; wherein,

[0266] Figure 52 to Figure 55 The top of the support portion is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure before welding;

[0267] Fig.52 The intermediate body comprises an intermediate body body, a corresponding support portion and a protruding structure;

[0268] Fig.53 The intermediate body comprises an intermediate body body, staggered support parts and a protruding structure;

[0269] Fig.54 The intermediate body comprises staggered support portions and protrusion structures;

[0270] Fig.55 The intermediate body comprises corresponding supporting parts and protruding structures;

[0271] Figure 56-57 The top of the support part is flush with the top surface of the first porous structure before welding, the intermediate body comprises an intermediate body body and a support part, and the first polarity electrode uses a flat plate electrode and an electrode monomer respectively;

[0272] Figures 58 to 61 The top of the support portion is higher than the top surface of the first porous structure before welding;

[0273] Fig.58 , Fig.59 The intermediate comprises an intermediate body, a corresponding support portion and a protruding structure, and the first polarity electrode uses a flat electrode and an electrode monomer respectively;

[0274] Fig.60 , Fig.61 The intermediate body comprises a corresponding support portion and a protruding structure, and the first polarity electrode uses a flat electrode and an electrode monomer respectively;

[0275] Fig.62 is a schematic diagram of using a first polarity electrode of an indenter and a side surface;

[0276] Fig.63 is a schematic diagram of using both top and side first polarity electrodes;

[0277] Fig.64 is a schematic diagram of a first polarity electrode monomer being inserted into a void of a first porous structure and contacting with an intermediate body;

[0278] Fig.65 is to use Fig.64 Schematic diagram of the space left after welding to set up the receiving space and the contents;

[0279] Fig.66 Another example is that the first polarity electrode monomer is inserted into the void of the first porous structure and contacts the intermediate body;

[0280] Fig.67 is a schematic diagram of a first polarity electrode monomer being inserted into a gap of a support portion and contacting with an intermediate body;

[0281] Fig.68 is to use Fig.67 Schematic diagram of the space left after welding to set up the receiving space and the contents;

[0282] Fig.69 Schematic diagram of the first polarity electrode contacting the intermediate body through the conductive medium inserted into the voids of the first porous structure

[0283] Fig.70 is a schematic diagram of a first polarity electrode contacting the intermediate body through a conductive medium inserted into a gap of a support portion;

[0284] Figure 71 to Figure 85Schematic diagram of the support part of the sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which a connecting body and / or an extension body are provided, and a receiving space and a received object are provided; wherein: Figure 82 to Figure 85 It is a schematic diagram of the top-down direction;

[0285] Fig.71 The connecting body is flush with the main body of the intermediate body;

[0286] Fig.72 The connecting body is higher than the intermediate body, forming a first pocket structure containing space;

[0287] Fig.73 The extension body is flush with the intermediate body;

[0288] Fig.74 The supporting portion is connected to two extension bodies of different heights;

[0289] Fig.75 The connecting body, the supporting part, the intermediate body with the notch and the extension body form a receiving space of the second pocket structure;

[0290] Fig.76 is based on Fig.72 An example of a storage space for setting storage items;

[0291] Fig.77 is based on Fig.75 An example of a storage space for setting storage items;

[0292] Fig.78 yes Fig.75 An example of opening a through hole in a coupling body;

[0293] Figures 79 to 81 The two sets of connecting bodies and the supporting parts respectively form the accommodation spaces of the third, fourth and fifth pocket structures;

[0294] Fig.79 Both sets of connecting bodies are provided with through holes;

[0295] Fig.80 Both sets of connecting bodies are provided with through holes, and the through holes of the lower connecting body are closed;

[0296] Fig.81 The upper connecting body has a through hole and is closed;

[0297] Fig.82 is a schematic diagram of a connection body corresponding to a plurality of supporting parts;

[0298] Fig.83 It is a schematic diagram of connecting bodies at different heights and directions between supporting parts, and connecting extension bodies;

[0299] Fig.84It is an extension of the ring structure;

[0300] Fig.85 It is a segmented extension;

[0301] Figures 86 to 93 Corresponding to Embodiment 7, wherein:

[0302] Fig.86 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the composite of the present invention and a substrate having a recessed portion;

[0303] Fig.87 is a schematic diagram of a composite body of the present invention and a concave portion of a substrate having corresponding oblique edges on both sides;

[0304] Fig.88 is a schematic diagram of a composite body of the present invention and a concave portion of a substrate having a corresponding bevel on one side;

[0305] Figures 89 to 91 Based on Figure 86-88 A schematic diagram of the connection structure for arranging the accommodation space and the contents;

[0306] Fig.92 It is a schematic diagram of the composite body of the present invention and the concave portion of the base having snap-fit ​​structures on both sides;

[0307] Fig.93 It is a schematic diagram of the composite body of the present invention and the concave portion of the substrate having a snap-fit ​​structure on one side;

[0308] Figures 94 to 113 Corresponding to Embodiment 8, wherein:

[0309] Fig.94 is a schematic diagram of a freestanding anchor structure of the composite body of the present invention in a top view;

[0310] Fig.95 is a schematic diagram of a freestanding anchor point structure of the present invention with a gap above the anchor point;

[0311] Fig.96 is a schematic diagram of a porous structure filling above the anchor point of the independent anchor point structure of the present invention;

[0312] Fig.97 is a schematic diagram of an anchor point of a stand-alone anchor point structure of the present invention including a bottom and a periphery;

[0313] Figures 98 to 101 Based on Figures 94 to 97 A schematic diagram of the connection structure for arranging the accommodation space and the contents;

[0314] Fig.102 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a connected anchor point structure of the composite body of the present invention;

[0315] Fig.103is a schematic diagram of a connection type anchor structure of the present invention with a gap above the anchor point;

[0316] Fig.104 is a schematic diagram of a porous structure filling above the anchor point of the connection type anchor point structure of the present invention;

[0317] Fig.105 is a schematic diagram of an anchor point of a coupled anchor point structure of the present invention including a bottom and a periphery;

[0318] Fig.106 is a schematic diagram of the side walls of the connected anchor structure of the present invention having the same height;

[0319] Fig.107 is a schematic diagram showing that the side walls of the connecting bodies of the connecting anchor structure of the present invention have different heights;

[0320] Figures 108 to 113 Based on Figures 102 to 107 A schematic diagram of the connection structure for arranging the accommodation space and the contents;

[0321] Figures 114 to 118 Corresponding to Embodiment 9, wherein:

[0322] Fig.114 is a schematic diagram of the sensor being arranged in the second pocket structure;

[0323] Fig.115 , Fig.116 are schematic diagrams of two arrangements of sensor cables;

[0324] Fig.117 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sensor and the wireless charging module;

[0325] Fig.118 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sensor together with the wireless charging module and the electromagnetic signal trigger switch;

[0326] Figures 119 to 124 Corresponding to Embodiment 10, wherein:

[0327] Fig.119 , Fig.120 It is a schematic diagram of a groove provided in a substrate and connected to a through hole provided in a connecting body below. Fig.119 There is a gap between the base and the intermediate body. Fig.120 There is no gap between the base and the main body of the intermediate;

[0328] Fig.121 , Fig.122 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth pocket structure before and after drug injection;

[0329] Fig.123 , Fig.124 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth pocket structure before and after drug injection;

[0330] Figures 125 to 132 Corresponding to the eleventh embodiment, wherein:

[0331] Fig.125 It is a transverse cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention in which the femoral stem is wrapped with two shell sheets;

[0332] Fig.126 It is a front view of the stem-body connection complex of the femoral stem of the present invention;

[0333] Fig.127 It is a front view of the cup body main body partition connection complex of the acetabular cup of the present invention;

[0334] Fig.128 The acetabular cup prosthesis of the present invention is Fig.127 Middle BB cross section and partial enlarged schematic diagram;

[0335] Fig.129 is a schematic diagram of a fusion device main body connection complex of the present invention;

[0336] Fig.130 It is a schematic diagram of a femoral condyle body with a skirt and a partitioned connection complex according to the present invention;

[0337] Fig.131 is a schematic diagram of the tibial plateau body partition connection complex of the present invention;

[0338] Fig.132 The tibial plateau prosthesis of the present invention is Fig.131 Middle DD section and partial enlarged schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0339] The present invention provides a connection structure, comprising a substrate, an intermediate, and a first porous structure. The intermediate comprises: an insertion portion and / or an interlayer portion; at least a portion of the insertion portion is located in the first porous structure; at least a portion of the interlayer portion is located between the first porous structure and the substrate.

[0340] by Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Fig.17 , Fig.34 , Fig.52 , Fig.54 , Fig.58 For example, Figure 2 , Figure 3 The structure in which there is a sandwich portion between the first porous structure 10 and the substrate 30 is shown. Figure 2 The interlayer part is the intermediate body 20, Figure 3 The interlayer portion includes an intermediate body 20 and a protruding structure 21 ( Figure 4 is a schematic arrangement of raised structures). Fig.17 The interlayer portion includes a protruding structure 21; Fig.34 An example of a support portion 801 as an insertion portion is shown; Fig.52 The intermediate body shown includes a support portion 81, an intermediate body body 20 and a protruding structure 21. Fig.54 The intermediate body includes both the support portion 81 and the protruding structure 21, Fig.57 The intermediate body includes both the support portion 82 and the intermediate body main body 20. The description here does not limit the respective forms of the insertion portion and / or the interlayer portion or their coordination. Other examples will be described in detail below.

[0341] In the connection structure of the present invention, the first porous structure 10 and at least a portion of the intermediate are pre-combined to form a composite. For example, the composite is connected to the substrate 30 through the connection between the intermediate and / or the first porous structure 10 and the substrate 30. In some products formed based on the above connection structure, at least a portion of the surface of the composite, such as at least a portion of the surface of the first porous structure 10, can be exposed to the outside and become the outer surface of the product (e.g. Figure 2 The top surface of the first porous structure 10 is shown exposed; however, the surface that may be exposed is not limited to this direction, nor is it limited to the first porous structure 10).

[0342] The first porous structure 10 and at least a part of the intermediate are pre-connected to form a composite body; or the first porous structure 10 and at least a part of the intermediate are integrally formed structures, for example, by 3D printing additive manufacturing process, or vapor deposition process, or sintering, etc. The timing or manner in which the different parts (not limited to the sandwich part and the insertion part) included in the intermediate are pre-combined with the first porous structure 10 to form a composite body can be the same or different.

[0343] In an example of different timing or method of pre-combination, the interlayer portion is integrally formed with the first porous structure 10; and the insertion portion is subsequently disposed in the first porous structure 10, connected or in contact with the first porous structure 10 and / or the interlayer portion; the composite body thus formed is then connected to the substrate 30. For another example, the insertion portion is integrally formed with the first porous structure 10, and the interlayer portion is subsequently fixedly connected to the first porous structure 10 by other means, thereby forming a composite body that is then connected to the substrate 30.

[0344] In some examples, after the composite body is fixedly connected to the substrate 30 , a portion of the first porous structure 10 and / or a portion of the intermediate body may be removed, thereby expanding the scenarios of subsequent applications.

[0345] Preferably, the density of the intermediate body is higher than that of the first porous structure 10. For example, the intermediate body may be solid or may be a porous structure (referred to as the second porous structure 20', such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown). The first porous structure 10 and the second porous structure 20' may have a clear boundary, for example, they are composed of independent parts; or, they may not have a clear boundary, and they are formed in a fusion state, for example, the density is layered or gradually changed in the same porous structure, wherein the part with lower density exposed to the outside corresponds to the first porous structure 10, and the part with higher density connected to the substrate 30 corresponds to the second porous structure 20'.

[0346] For example, Figure 2 , Figure 3 The intermediate body 20 shown is solid, and the interface with the first porous structure 10 is relatively clear; Figure 5 , Figure 6 The intermediate body shown is formed by using the second porous structure 20', which is integrated with the first porous structure 10 at least at the interface between the two, or the two are originally formed in one piece; Figure 3 and Figure 6 The example in which the solid intermediate body 20 and the second porous structure 20' are connected to the protruding structure 21 is shown. Figure 6 The protruding structure 21 and the second porous structure 20' are also fused with each other. When the intermediate body 20 is mentioned below, it can be replaced by the intermediate body using the second porous structure 20', and no further description is given.

[0347] The above-mentioned porous structure includes a plurality of staggered supports (or beams), and a number of multi-directionally penetrating, regular or irregular pores are formed between these supports (or beams). When the intermediate is formed using the second porous structure 20', the density of the second porous structure 20' is higher than that of the first porous structure 10, as shown by the supports (beams) in the second porous structure 20' being thicker and / or having a lower porosity.

[0348] In different examples, the density of the insertion part and the interlayer part of the intermediate body can be the same or different, but the density of both parts is higher than the density of the first porous structure 10. In a preferred example, the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate body are both made of metal materials.

[0349] The density of the substrate 30 is higher than that of the first porous structure 10. The preferred substrate 30 is solid, which is beneficial to the overall strength of the connection structure. The exemplary substrate 30 is made of metal material, formed by various methods such as forging, casting, powder metallurgy or metal powder injection molding, and various mechanical processing can be performed on it.

[0350] In some examples, a porous structure (referred to as a third porous structure) may be used at the substrate 30, such as the entire substrate 30 is made of the third porous structure, or some surfaces of the substrate 30 that are in contact with the first porous structure 10 and / or the intermediate are pre-made or pre-set with a third porous structure. The third porous structure used at the substrate 30 in the above examples has a higher density than the first porous structure 10, such as the third porous structure having a thicker support (beam) and / or a lower porosity. The density of the third porous structure may be the same as or different from the density of the second porous structure 20' used for the intermediate, and preferably the third porous structure has a higher density.

[0351] For example, the composite body and the substrate 30 are both made of conductive materials, and the two are effectively combined by welding (such as laser welding, resistance welding, etc.). Preferably, the substrate 30 and the composite body (such as the portion corresponding to the welding interface of the composite body) are made of materials with the same or similar melting points. Symbol 40 schematically indicates that the two are connected by welding (such as Figure 2 ), the welding position can be freely selected or adjusted according to the application needs. In some examples, some parts between the composite body and the substrate 30 are connected by bonding, using connectors (screws, etc.), or other various connection methods, or these methods are used as auxiliary welding connections, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0352] The application of laser welding in the present invention is to make the focused laser beam pass through the first porous structure 10, and weld the sandwich part of the intermediate body and the substrate 30 at each welding point. The application of resistance welding in the present invention is to press two metal workpieces to be welded between two electrodes, form a current loop between the two electrodes of different polarities, make the current flow through the two workpieces, generate resistance heat at the contact surface and adjacent areas of the two, and make the contact surface and adjacent areas in a molten or plastic state, thereby effectively combining the two workpieces. The resistance heat Q is proportional to IR 2 , R is the contact resistance, I is the current passing through the workpiece; contact resistance refers to the resistance generated by the current passing through two independent workpieces when they are in contact; it can be seen that the larger the current, the greater the value of the resistance heat; the larger the contact resistance, the greater the value of the resistance heat; this can make the contact surface and adjacent areas of the two workpieces enter the melting or plastic state faster, and the combination with each other is more firmly.

[0353] When the present invention uses resistance welding, the electrode can be hard and have a fixed form, and the shape is not limited, such as plate (flat or curved surface, etc.), block, columnar, etc.; for example, Figure 3The electrodes 401 and 402 shown are large flat electrodes that can simultaneously cover most of the top surface of the first porous structure 10; FIG. 59 shows a single electrode 405 that contacts a conductive support portion at a time. Alternatively, the electrode is flexible and can be deformed to a certain extent ( Figure 7 The electrode 401' made of a flexible body is shown, and the shape and coverage area of ​​the flexible body are not limited (for example, a thin film). The electrode can be in conductive contact with the exposed surface of the first porous structure 10 and / or the intermediate body, and these surfaces can correspond to one or more directions. For example, Figure 3 The electrode 401 in the embodiment is in direct contact with the top surface of the first porous structure 10; Fig.62 The electrode 406 in the embodiment is in direct contact with the side of the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate body 20; Fig.63 The electrode 401 in the embodiment is in direct contact with the top surface of the first porous structure 10 , while the electrodes 407 and 408 are in direct contact with the side surfaces of the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate body 20 .

[0354] Wherein, the flexible electrode 401 ', such as Figure 7 As shown, in addition to covering the exposed surface of the first porous structure 10, a portion of the electrode 401' can extend into the first porous structure 10 through the pores on the surface, thereby increasing the conductive contact area between the electrode 401' and the first porous structure 10, or allowing the electrode to further touch the intermediate (not shown).

[0355] In some examples, the electrode monomer 409 can be inserted into the first porous structure 10 and be in conductive contact with the first porous structure 10 and / or the intermediate body (eg, Fig.64 , Fig.66 Alternatively, the electrode monomer 409 can also be inserted into the intermediate body and directly conductively contact the intermediate body (such as Fig.67 The electrode monomer 409 is directly inserted into the recess provided in the support portion 831). For example, multiple monomers are provided to correspond to electrodes of the same polarity, and welding is performed at multiple positions at the same time; multiple monomers can be powered independently or connected in parallel; or, only one monomer corresponds to an electrode of the same polarity, and the monomer is moved to each welding position.

[0356] In addition, various conductive media may be further disposed between the electrode 401 and the first porous structure 10. For example, the conductive media may be in various regular or irregular forms (in the form of powder, foil, wire, microsphere, granule, etc.) Fig. 9 ), or a thin film-like flexible body (with Fig. 9Symbol 403 schematically represents), or various hard structures (such as a grid, which can be covered on the top surface of the first porous structure 10; such as a conductive column, one end of which contacts a large flat electrode, and the other end is inserted into the first porous structure 10 or a conductive support part, an interlayer part, etc.); or, the conductive medium is a molten material with conductive properties that can be injected, and can also be a sprayable conductive medium, etc.

[0357] Compared with the original form in which the electrode 401 is in direct contact with the support / beam protruding from the surface of the first porous structure 10 ( Figure 3 ),by Figure 8 , Fig. 9 The conductive medium 403 or 404 can prevent the electrode 401 from directly contacting the first porous structure 10, and avoid the pressure or excessive resistance heat applied on the electrode 401 from directly acting on the first porous structure 10 to cause damage (such as depression, blackening, reduced pore space, etc.), and effectively protect the surface of the first porous structure 10. The conductive medium 403 or 404 can also make up for the irregular shape of the surface of the first porous structure 10, so that the current obtained from the electrode 404 on the surface of the first porous structure 10 is more balanced; wherein, the conductive medium 403 or 404 dispersed on the surface of the first porous structure 10 makes the pressure or heat distribution more uniform, increases the conductive contact area on this side (the top surface in the figure), reduces the contact resistance on this side and the resistance heat generated thereby, and protects the surface of the first porous structure 10.

[0358] For some examples, see Fig. 9 The conductive medium can also fill a part of the pores from the surface of the first porous structure 10 inward (or further touch the intermediate body) to temporarily increase the density of the first porous structure 10 (filling part), thereby improving the slightly weaker conductive performance at the pores, increasing the current conduction effect in the entire circuit, and improving the welding efficiency.

[0359] Considering that the density of the intermediate is higher than that of the first porous structure 10, the conductivity is better, and the intermediate may not be on the surface of the connecting structure, the impact of surface damage on the intermediate due to electrode pressure or resistance heat is relatively small. Therefore, the above-mentioned conductive medium can be similarly arranged between the electrode and the intermediate, or the conductive medium may not be arranged and the two may be in direct contact.

[0360] When selecting the material of the conductive medium, it can be considered whether the conductive performance is good, such as using copper, tin, etc., or it can be considered to use the same or similar material as the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate, such as the material used when the connection structure is used as a prosthesis, such as titanium, etc.; or similar performance refers to similar density or similar conductive performance, etc. Alternatively, it can be considered whether the material of the conductive medium is convenient to remove after the current conduction function is completed or whether it will affect the subsequent use. Because it is necessary to remove at least most of the conductive medium after the welding is completed to open the pores of the first porous structure 10, for example, the conductive medium is poured out from the pores, or the conductive medium is removed by physical or chemical methods by using the different states of the conductive medium and the first porous structure 10 (such as the melting point of the molten material can be lower than the melting point of the first porous structure 10); if it does not affect the subsequent use of the connection structure, such as the conductive medium and the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate material are the same or similar, and it is not easy to fall off during subsequent use, then a small amount of conductive medium can be allowed to adhere to the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate.

[0361] By resistance welding, the composite body (such as Fig.16 If welding is performed simultaneously, a current loop is formed between the electrodes 401 and 402 of the two polarities, and the composite body on the first side, the substrate 30, and the composite body on the second side are connected to the current loop (the substrate is in close contact with the welding interface of the two composite bodies), and each polarity electrode can be in conductive contact with the composite body on the corresponding side using one or more of the above methods (the composite body on the second side is in close contact with the substrate). Fig.16 The composite body takes the first porous structure 10, the intermediate body 20 and the convex structure 21 as an example, which can be replaced by any other composite body of the present invention; the electrodes 403 and 404 in this example respectively contact the first porous structure 10 of the two composite bodies).

[0362] If two composites are connected successively, when the first composite is connected to the first surface of the substrate 30, a current loop is formed between the electrodes of the two polarities, and the first composite and the substrate 30 are connected therein (the welding interfaces of the two are in close contact), and the electrode of one polarity can be in conductive contact with the first composite using one or more of the above-mentioned methods, and the electrode of the other polarity can be in conductive contact with the substrate 30 similarly using one or more of the above-mentioned methods. When the second composite is connected to the second surface of the substrate 30, a current loop is formed between the electrodes of the two polarities, and the substrate 30 and the second composite that have been connected to the first composite are connected therein (the welding interfaces of the second surface of the substrate 30 and the second composite are in close contact). Each electrode of each polarity can be in conductive contact with the composite on the corresponding surface using one or more of the above-mentioned methods; or, one electrode of one polarity can be in conductive contact with the second composite using one or more of the above-mentioned methods, and the electrode of the other polarity can be in conductive contact with the substrate 30 similarly using one or more of the above-mentioned methods (through the composite on the first surface).

[0363] The connection structure of the present invention is provided with one or more accommodation spaces, in which the contents are placed as needed. In different examples, the first porous structure 10, the intermediate body, and the substrate 30 can be provided with accommodation spaces separately; or the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate body and / or the substrate 30, or the intermediate body and the substrate 30, can be provided with accommodation spaces in cooperation.

[0364] The present invention does not impose specific restrictions on the contents, which can be determined based on actual applications. The shape, size, and quantity of the containing space are not limited, and are generally determined comprehensively based on the contents, the composite, the substrate 30, the connection structure, or the actual use of the containing space and the contents. For example, the shape, type, size, etc. of the contents, the structure, connection location, and overall strength of the composite and / or substrate 30 are considered, but are not limited to these factors. The containing space can be formed before, during, or after the composite is connected to the substrate 30. The contents can be solid, liquid, or gaseous. The contents can be in a relatively dispersed state like particles or powder; or it can be an entity with a relatively stable shape and structure (the volume of the entity can be less than, equal to, or greater than the volume of the containing space; or, the entity can be less than, equal to, or greater than the edge interface of the containing space that fixes it in a certain direction). Fig.13 As shown, the entity 61 on the left exceeds the receiving space 506 in which it is located; the entity 61 in the middle exceeds the edge interface 511 of the receiving space 510 at its bottom surface; and the other entity 61 on the right does not exceed the edge interface 513 of the receiving space 512 at its bottom surface.

[0365] The accommodation space can be relatively closed (such as Fig.10 , Fig.11The accommodating spaces 502, 503 may also be open, for example, the edge interface is discontinuous, or one or more channels or openings connected to the outside of the accommodating space may be provided (such as Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 The channels or openings may be used to place or take out the contents, or to transmit information and / or materials when the contents are used. Depending on the form and use of the contents, some channels or openings may be always open, and some channels or openings may be closed after use; channels or openings may be permanently closed, and generally, they may not be opened again during the subsequent use of the connection structure; or channels or openings may be temporarily closed until they are opened for the next use.

[0366] Depending on the structure, position, form and purpose of the containing object of the containing space, the containing space or its passage / opening may be connected to the first porous structure 10, the intermediate body, the substrate 30, etc., or may be connected to an external open space through these components, and no specific limitation is given to this. For example, the opening 77' of the containing space 508 shown in FIG. 12 is connected to the pores of the first porous structure 10, and further connected to the outside of the exposed top surface of the composite body.

[0367] The part used to close a channel or opening is called a closing body. Fig.40 The closure bodies 93 and 94 seal the openings of the receiving spaces 440 and 441). A component made of the same material as the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate body or the substrate 30 can be used to make a separate closure body. Alternatively, the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate body 20 or the substrate 30 can be cut open at a certain location to form a channel or an opening, and the cut portion can be used as a closure body. Alternatively, according to the different positions and functions of the channels or openings, the shapes and uses of the contents, and other conditions, suitable materials and shapes can be selected to design and manufacture the closure body. Alternatively, a preset position of a component at a certain location of the connecting structure can be directly used as a channel or an opening, and after the contents are placed, the component at that location can be installed in place to complete the closure of the channel or opening (such as Fig.41 The middle gap 105 is connected to the opening of the accommodating space 442, and the installation position of the support part 826 corresponds to the gap 105. After the contents are placed in the accommodating space 442, the support part 826 is installed in place and the opening is closed).

[0368] The accommodation space may not contain the first porous structure 10, the intermediate body, or the substrate 30. Alternatively, in some examples, if the placement or use of the contents is not affected, a portion of the first porous structure 10, the intermediate body, or the substrate 30 (e.g., Fig.12A portion 11 of the first porous structure 10 remains in the accommodating space 508).

[0369] In some examples, the accommodation space is formed with an edge interface in all directions or at least in part of its directions, and the boundary of the accommodation space is clearly divided. Alternatively, the accommodation space may not have a clearly divided edge interface. The edge interface can be used to close the accommodation space, or can be used to carry or connect the contents, or to set other components for fixing the contents, or can be used to connect the accommodation space with the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate or the substrate 30, or a channel or opening connected to the outside can be set at the edge interface, and is not limited to these examples.

[0370] In some examples, some parts of the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate body or the substrate 30 can also serve as the edge interface of the accommodation space in a certain direction (such as Fig.48 The side of the support portion 820 is the edge interface). Sometimes, these parts of the first porous structure 10, the intermediate body, or the substrate 30 can be directly used as the edge interface of the receiving space in their pre-fabricated form, and sometimes these parts need to be processed separately. In some examples, the edge interface of the contained object in certain directions overlaps with the edge interface of the receiving space in certain directions.

[0371] Alternatively, in some examples, the edge interface of the accommodating space in all or part of the direction is an additional component structure, which can be set before the composite body is connected to the substrate 30, such as being combined to the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate body or the substrate 30 by pre-connection or integral molding; or it can be set during the process of connecting the composite body to the substrate 30, or after the connection.

[0372] The following describes multiple embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The directions (such as up, down, left, right, etc.) described below correspond to the directions of the components in the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the directions of the connection structure when it is actually used.

[0373] Embodiment 1

[0374] In this embodiment, the first porous structure 10 is used to design the containing space and place the contents.

[0375] See also Figure 10 to Figure 14As shown, the accommodation space is formed at the first porous structure 10. The shape of the accommodation space can be regular or irregular. The edge interface of the accommodation space can be regular or irregular; the shape of the edge interface in different directions of the same accommodation space can be the same or different; the shape of the edge interface, for example, refers to whether it is closed, for example, refers to the shape or property of the surface, for example, refers to whether it contacts the contents, for example, whether other component structures are additionally provided, etc., but is not limited to these examples.

[0376] One or more directions around the accommodation space may be adjacent to the first porous structure 10 or other components of the connection structure, or there may be no adjacent first porous structure 10 or other components in a certain direction around the accommodation space, but it may be connected to the external open space. Within the range of the accommodation space, a part of the first porous structure 10 may be left, or there may be no first porous structure 10 but only gaps.

[0377] The accommodation space may be formed in the process of manufacturing the first porous structure 10, for example, by reserving it in the first porous structure 10 through processes such as integral molding; or, the accommodation space may be formed by removing a portion of the already manufactured first porous structure 10 at a later stage, for example, through various machining methods such as cutting and digging. For another example, the first porous structure 10 does not form an accommodation space in advance, but when placing the contents, the first porous structure 10 in the area to be placed is compressed to a certain extent by external force, so that the area is concave to serve as the accommodation space.

[0378] For example, Fig.10 , Fig.11 The accommodating spaces 501, 502, 503, and 505 shown have edge interfaces. The accommodating space 501 is close to the top of the first porous structure 10, has an opening connected to the exposed top surface, and is open; schematically, a container 60 is placed in the accommodating space 501. The accommodating space 502 has edge interfaces in all directions; the accommodating space 503 schematically represents an irregular edge interface, and the positions of its respective openings or closed bodies are not shown in the figure. The accommodating space 505 has an opening opened on the side of the first porous structure 10, and the edge interfaces of the accommodating space 505 in other directions may be unclosed (indicated by dotted lines in the figure). The accommodating space 504 is a gap opened at the first porous structure 10, extending from the top surface of the first porous structure 10 to the top surface of the sandwich intermediate body 20; the accommodating space 505 is laterally surrounded by the first porous structure 10 located next to the gap, and no additional edge interface is formed.

[0379] For example, Fig.12The accommodating space 506 shown is a depression formed on the surface of the first porous structure 10, for placing the entity 61, a portion of the entity 61 is embedded in the depression, and the other portion remains outside the depression. The accommodating space 508 itself is opened in the first porous structure 10, with an opening 77' connected to the pores of the first porous structure 10, and then connected to the outside from the top surface of the first porous structure 10; a portion 11 of the first porous structure 10 (such as the end of the bracket) remains within the range of the accommodating space 508.

[0380] Alternatively, a larger pore in the first porous structure 10 is directly used as the accommodation space (see Fig.12 Alternatively, some small pores in the first porous structure 10 are interconnected (the supports or beams between the pores may be retained or removed) to form a larger pore range, which is used as a accommodating space (not shown). This can be achieved by pre-designing the shape and size of one or more pores, or by reprocessing one or more pores at a later stage.

[0381] The first porous structure 10 around the accommodating space can carry or be connected to the contents. Carrying the contents refers to supporting the contents from at least one direction, exemplified by supporting the bottom of the contents from below, but not limited to this. Being connected to the contents may refer to connecting to the contents themselves or to connecting to the external packaging body (such as a container, a shell, etc.) of the contents, depending on the shape of the contents; the connection may be, for example, bonding, welding, using matching connectors, limiting structures, etc., without specific limitation. The meanings of other component structures (intermediate body, substrate 30, etc.) for carrying or connecting the contents mentioned below are basically the same and will not be elaborated on one by one.

[0382] When some of the contents are relatively stable entities 61 in structure and form when placed and / or used, they can be tightly matched with the first porous structure 10 around them (on both sides of at least one direction), so that the whole is embedded in the formed accommodation space. For example, the width of the contents is equal to or slightly larger than the gap between the first porous structures 10 on the left and right sides, and after embedding, the contents are closely contacted with the first porous structure 10 at least on the left and right sides to implement fixation. When the outer coating of the contents is the above-mentioned stable entity, it can be tightly matched with the first porous structure 10 around it in a similar manner.

[0383] The accommodation space at the first porous structure 10 can be provided with channels or openings along certain directions (such as the top surface or the side surface) to penetrate to the external open space (such as Fig.10 , Fig.11The accommodation spaces 501, 504, and 505 all have openings connected to the outside); the accommodation space can also be provided with channels or openings along certain directions, penetrating to the intermediate body and / or the substrate 30, and related examples will be described below. The first porous structure 10 near the channel or opening, or the first porous structure 10 in other directions, or the closed channel or opening, can carry the contents or be connected to the contents.

[0384] Fig.11 The top surface of the intermediate body 20 shown serves as the edge interface of the bottom of the accommodating space 504; the accommodating space 509 shown in Figure 12 is mostly formed in the first porous structure 10, and the bottom penetrates the intermediate body 20 and the protruding structure 21 of the interlayer part and extends to a depression on the top surface of the substrate 30. The portion of the substrate 30 within the range of the accommodating space 509 becomes the edge interface of the bottom of the accommodating space 509, and the accommodating space 509 forms additional edge interfaces in other directions (indicated by thick solid lines).

[0385] For example, at the position adjacent to the accommodation space at the first porous structure 10, a limiting protrusion extending into the accommodation space can be formed to contact the surface of the entity's contents (or its coating) for limiting; the limiting protrusion can be arranged toward the entity from one, two or more directions. Alternatively, several limiting protrusions adjacent to one direction of the accommodation space can be simultaneously located on the same side of the entity to limit it; the limiting protrusion can be the end of some brackets or beams of the first porous structure 10 itself located at the edge interface of the accommodation space, or it can be a separately formed component (such as a bump, pin, bolt, etc., the density can be the same or different from that of the first porous structure 10). Alternatively, a limiting recess is further formed at the corresponding position on the surface of the contents (or its coating) to match the limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is correspondingly embedded in the limiting recess. For another example, an outward limiting protrusion is formed on the surface of the container (or its coating), which can be embedded in the pores of the first porous structure 10 to limit the container; the pores corresponding to the limiting protrusions can maintain the shape of the first porous structure 10 when it is manufactured, or can be processed later to make it more compatible with the shape and size of the limiting protrusions.

[0386] like Fig.13 As shown, the accommodation space 506 is formed by the depression at the first porous structure 10 (see Fig.12), so that the entity 61 is at least partially embedded; the accommodation spaces 510 and 512 are constructed by using two gaps formed in the first porous structure 10, and edge interfaces are formed in two directions of the accommodation space 510, and the edge interface 511 at the bottom does not cover the entire bottom surface of the accommodation space 510, and the edge interface 511 is smaller than the entity 61 it carries, and the part of the entity 61 not carried by the edge interface 511 is suspended in the air and extends to other areas of the accommodation space 510. The accommodation space 512 has an edge interface 513 on one side, which carries the entity 61 placed in the accommodation space 512, and the entity 61 does not exceed the range of the edge interface 513 (the figure does not show the channel or opening for placing the entity 61 in its corresponding accommodation space 510 or 512).

[0387] like Fig.14 As shown, the accommodation spaces 514, 515, and 516 each include a gap formed in the first porous structure 10; the top of the gap corresponding to the accommodation space 514 forms an edge interface, which can be used to connect the contents, or in a tight fit manner, the entity 61 is tightly fitted with the edge interface above and the base 30 below (the part located within the bottom range of the gap) for fixing. The accommodation space 515 forms edge interfaces on the left and right sides of the gap, and fixes the entity 61 in a tight fit manner (the edge interface at the bottom of the gap is composed of the bracket or beam adjacent to the first porous structure 61); the edge interfaces on both sides are respectively formed to extend into the gap, which limits the movement range of the entity 61 and can prevent the entity 61 from falling out through the upper opening (assuming that a single limit protrusion 591 is wide enough, the limit protrusion 591 set on one side can also block the entity 61 at the opening of the gap). The accommodating space 516 (see the enlarged view) forms edge interfaces on the upper and lower sides of the gap, and the lower edge interface forms a limiting protrusion 593, and the corresponding position of the entity 61 forms a limiting recess 594 to cooperate with it; the upper and lower edge interfaces also form corresponding limiting protrusions 592 that tightly contact the entity 61 from two directions to limit it, and there is no limiting recess set at the position of the corresponding limiting protrusion 592 on the entity 61.

[0388] If the storage space itself has a stable physical edge interface, the first porous structure 10 or other components nearby can fix the physical edge interface of the storage space in a similar manner to the way the physical contents are fixed (not limited to bearing, connection, tight fit or limiting); and the physical edge interface of the storage space can also fix the physical contents or their enclosures placed inside in a similar manner.

[0389] In some examples, the pores of the first porous structure 10 itself can be used as channels or openings of the accommodation space; or, channels or openings with more regular shapes can be additionally opened in the first porous structure 10 .

[0390] Depending on the actual application, the above-mentioned various channels or openings of the storage space can be open all the time, or can be closed by a closing body (short-term or long-term); for example, some channels or openings are closed after the contents are placed in the storage space; or, some channels or openings are pre-closed (and then opened for subsequent use).

[0391] The density of the enclosure is designed according to the actual application requirements. The enclosure can be solid; or, the enclosure can be a porous structure (the density can be the same as or different from the density of the first porous structure 10). The material or density design of some enclosures can allow the contents to pass through the enclosure (for example, to enter and exit the containing space).

[0392] The enclosed body can be formed integrally with the first porous structure 10. It can also be set later, for example, after the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate form a composite body, or after the composite body is connected to the substrate 30, or after the contents are placed; for example, a molten substance is injected (may be injected with a polymer material, or injected with a material that is the same as or similar in nature to the first porous structure 10, the intermediate or the substrate 30, but not limited thereto), and the substance solidifies to form a closed body, or the molded component is directly embedded or covered in the position adjacent to the first porous structure 10 within the range of the accommodation space (if necessary, the embedded or covered component can be further fixedly connected to the adjacent first porous structure 10, the intermediate or the substrate 30, or the embedded or covered multiple components can be connected to each other). For example, the part of the first porous structure 10 removed when the channel or opening is opened can also be put back to the channel or opening as a closed body.

[0393] In view of the fact that the first porous structure 10 itself has numerous pores, for the accommodation space formed therein, when it is necessary to close the edge interface, channel or opening of the accommodation space, other components of the connecting structure (intermediate body, substrate 30, etc.) or an additional component structure can be used.

[0394] In some examples, a plurality of molding components and / or filling surfaces (shapes and sizes are arbitrarily set as needed) are further arranged at the position adjacent to the accommodation space at the first porous structure 10. The molding components are made externally and then arranged at the corresponding positions in the connection structure. For example, assuming Fig.14The edge interfaces of the accommodating spaces 514, 515, and 516 shown are formed by some kind of molded wall panels, including the limiting protrusions 592, 593, etc. above, which can be integrally formed with the wall panels or pre-connected. Such wall panels are inserted as a whole into the appropriate gap position of the first porous structure 10.

[0395] By providing a filling body, some supports or beams located at the adjacent positions of the first porous structure 10 are connected together to form a filling surface (a combination of the filling body and the supports / beams). Fig.15 The left picture shows the situation before a part 517 of a pore of the first porous structure 10 is filled, and the pore is open; the middle picture shows that the part 517' of the pore is filled with the filling body 91, and some bracket ends still extend from one side to the other side of the filling body 91; the right picture shows that the part 517" of the pore is filled with another filling body 92, and the bracket ends within the corresponding range are completely buried in the filling body 92.

[0396] The molding component and / or filling surface can be used as a closed body to close the channel or opening of the storage space. The molding component and / or filling surface can also be used to construct a part of the edge interface of the storage area: for example, to achieve boundary division; or, alone or in combination with other edge interfaces, or in combination with other parts of the connecting structure, to fix the contents (such as bearing, connection, tight fit or limiting, etc.), but not limited to these situations. The filling body of the molding component and filling surface can be formed in a manner similar to a closed body, but not limited to these methods.

[0397] For example, a molding component or a filling surface can independently cover the entire area corresponding to a certain side edge interface, or can only cover a partial area of ​​the side edge interface. Alternatively, multiple molding components cooperate with each other to cover the entire area or a partial area corresponding to a certain side edge interface (multiple molding components covering a partial area can be arranged with intervals, or close to each other without intervals). Alternatively, the entire area or a partial area corresponding to a certain side edge interface is formed with a filling surface. For example, the molding component and the filling surface can be set at the same time, for example, they are cooperatively set at the edge interface on the same side, or at the edge interfaces in different directions.

[0398] If the molding parts or filling surfaces in one or some directions, or the edge interface where they are located, do not need to be completely closed, it is allowed to open the channel or opening of the accommodating space on the molding parts or filling surfaces or at other positions on the edge interface where they are located; or, it is allowed to arrange the adjacent molding parts (or filling surfaces) in the edge interface domain at intervals; or, it is allowed to open a part of the pores of the first porous structure 10 at the filling surface (or the uncovered area of ​​the edge interface); or, it is allowed to use a material (or density) that can allow the contents to pass through to form the molding parts or filling surfaces.

[0399] In this embodiment, the characteristics of the containing space or the contained object and the first porous structure 10 can be applied in other embodiments.

[0400] Embodiment 2

[0401] See also Figure 17 to Figure 19 As shown, in this embodiment, the accommodation space is designed and the contents are placed by cooperating with the first porous structure 10 and the sandwich part of the intermediate body. At least a part of the sandwich part of the intermediate body is located between the first porous structure 10 and the substrate 30.

[0402] Preferably, the connection between the sandwich portion of the intermediate body and the substrate 30 is performed by laser welding or resistance welding.

[0403] In some examples, the laser welding beam or the resistance welding electrode can directly contact the exposed surface of the sandwich portion of the intermediate body from certain directions; in some examples, the laser welding beam or the resistance welding electrode can pass through the first porous structure 10 itself or the gaps opened therein to reach the location of the sandwich portion and directly contact the sandwich portion (e.g. Figure 71 to Figure 73 The energy of the laser welding beam can directly penetrate the first porous structure 10 to reach the welding position at the bottom 21 and the periphery 22 of the intermediate body 20; Fig.64 , Fig.66 The electrode monomer 409 passes through the gap to contact the top surface of the intermediate body 20). Alternatively, in some examples of resistance welding, the electrode directly contacts the first porous structure 10 and / or the insertion portion of the intermediate body, etc., and the current is conducted to the interlayer portion (such as Figure 3 The first porous structure 10 contacts the electrode 401 to conduct the current to the intermediate body 20 and the protruding structure 21; Fig.58 The support portion 83 contacts the electrode 401 to conduct the current to the intermediate body 20 and the protruding structure 21).

[0404] like Fig.18As shown, the sandwich portion may include a protruding structure 21 protruding toward the direction of the substrate 30. Preferably, in the example of implementing resistance welding, the protruding structure 21 can increase the contact resistance by reducing the contact area of ​​the welding interface, generate more resistance heat, and improve the welding efficiency and welding strength between the sandwich portion and the substrate 30.

[0405] like Figure 2 As shown, the sandwich portion may include an intermediate body 20, which can be applied under laser welding or resistance welding or other connection methods. The intermediate body 20 of the example is in the form of a layer, sheet or plate; the intermediate body 20 is not limited to a plane, and can be bent or otherwise adjusted along with the (surface shape, etc.) of the substrate 30, so that the intermediate body 20 and the substrate 30 fit better when connected. It is also possible to make local adjustments at a certain place of the intermediate body 20, such as increasing or decreasing the thickness or other dimensions at a certain place, adjusting a certain place to another shape, such as forming a regular or irregular hollow pattern at a certain place, and so on, for purposes such as improving structural strength, adapting to the shape of the substrate 30, facilitating connection with the first porous structure 10 or the substrate 30, improving electrical conductivity, and connecting to the outside.

[0406] Fig. 20 , Fig.21 The intermediate body 20 and the first porous structure 10 are partially fused with each other (symbol 20a schematically indicates the fusion of the top of the intermediate body 20 and the bottom of the first porous structure 10, and symbol 20b schematically indicates that both the top and the bottom of the intermediate body 20 are fused with the first porous structure 10, that is, the intermediate body 20 is arranged laterally near the bottom of the first porous structure 10; Fig. 20 , Fig.21 It also includes the raised structure 21 of the sandwich part (and the support part 70 of the insertion part), FIG. 20, Fig.21 can be connected to the substrate 30 through the protruding structure 21. Fig.21 It is also possible to connect the substrate 30 through the portion where the first porous structure 10 is below the intermediate body 20 .

[0407] The intermediate body 20 and the protruding structure 21 can be provided separately or simultaneously. When the intermediate body 20 or the protruding structure 21 is provided separately ( Figure 2 , Fig.17 ), the intermediate body 20 or the protruding structure 21 is pre-bonded to the bottom surface (the surface close to the substrate 30) of the first porous structure 10. When the arrangement is performed simultaneously, as Figure 3 , Figures 5 to 14 As shown, a protruding structure 21 protruding toward the substrate 30 can be formed on the bottom surface of the intermediate body 20 (the surface close to the substrate 30); the top surface of the intermediate body 20 (the surface away from the substrate 30) is pre-bonded to the bottom surface of the first porous structure 10. Figure 6As shown, when the intermediate body is the second porous structure 20', the protruding structure 21 is formed at the bottom of the second porous structure 20', and the two may be fused to a certain extent.

[0408] The present invention does not limit the number and shape of the protrusion structures 21, or the texture pattern formed on the surface of the first porous structure 10 or the intermediate body 20 by distributing a plurality of protrusion structures 21. Figure 4 An example of the distribution of the protrusion structure 21 is provided. For example, any protrusion structure 21 can be formed in the form of a point, a line, or a surface. When multiple protrusion structures 21 are provided, they can be evenly distributed; or the distribution position and density of the protrusion structure 21 can be specifically designed according to the shape of the welding interface or the requirements of the welding strength.

[0409] by Figure 3 , Fig.17 The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the protrusion structure 21 is not limited. It can be a shape that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, such as an arched shape, to reduce the contact area of ​​the welding interface during resistance welding. The protrusion structure in this example is a number of convex points protruding downward.

[0410] like Fig.19 As shown, in an example where the intermediate body 20 is provided separately, the top surface of the substrate 30 is provided with a substrate protrusion structure 202 protruding toward the bottom surface (direction) of the intermediate body 20. In the example of resistance welding, the substrate protrusion structure 202 can also increase the contact resistance between the intermediate body 20 and the substrate 30 by reducing the contact area of ​​the welding interface, thereby generating more resistance heat, improving welding efficiency and welding strength. The substrate protrusion structure 202 can be solid, or a high-density porous structure (density is higher than the first porous structure 10); the substrate protrusion structure 202 can be integrally formed with the substrate 30, or can be separately provided on the substrate 30 (combined with the substrate 30 before resistance welding), or the substrate protrusion structure 202 is formed on the top surface of a surface connection layer 202, and the bottom of the surface connection layer 202 is pre-connected (such as welded) to the top surface of the substrate 30. Except that the protrusion direction and the longitudinal cross-sectional shape are opposite, the structural arrangement of the base protrusion structure 202 can refer to the protrusion structure 21 of the interlayer part, and no detailed description is given.

[0411] When the accommodation space is provided by cooperating the first porous structure 10 with the sandwich part of the intermediate body, at least a part of the accommodation space is formed in the first porous structure 10. The accommodation space may extend to the sandwich part of the intermediate body in some directions: the positions of the sandwich part corresponding to these extending directions may not form notches, so that the sandwich part becomes the edge interface of the accommodation space in these directions (such as Fig.11The intermediate body 20 has its top surface in the corresponding gap as the edge interface of the bottom of the accommodation space 504); or the position corresponding to these extension directions on the interlayer part can also be formed with a notch, for example, a concave structure (not limited to a hole, a groove, etc.) is formed, so that the accommodation space can extend into the interlayer part, and another example is formed by forming a structure (not limited to a hole, a groove, etc.) that penetrates the interlayer part, so that the accommodation space can be further extended to the base 30 (such as Fig.12 The bottom of the accommodating space 509 passes through the intermediate body 20 and the protruding structure 21 and extends to a groove at the bottom of the base 30).

[0412] Similarly, in the example where the accommodation space extends to the base 30, the base 30 may have gaps or no gaps at positions corresponding to these extension directions, so that the base 30 becomes the edge interface of the accommodation space in these directions, or the base 30 may have recesses or through-hole structures formed at corresponding positions, so that the accommodation space may extend into the base 30 or even pass through the base 30. This may increase the volume of the accommodation space; if necessary, the contents may be fixed through the interlayer portion or the base 30.

[0413] The intermediate body 20 of the sandwich portion can serve as the edge interface of the receiving space close to the substrate 30 (eg Fig.11 , Fig.14 When the content or its external covering is a relatively stable entity in structure and form, the intermediate body 20 alone or in combination with other edge interfaces, or in combination with other parts of the connecting structure, fixes the content (or its covering) (such as bearing, connecting, tight fitting or limiting, etc.). Fig.14 The edge interface at the bottom of the accommodating space 514 is constructed by the intermediate body 20 within the corresponding range, and is used to support or connect the entity 61.

[0414] For example, for the intermediate body 20 within the range of the accommodation space, a recessed structure for extending the accommodation space can be formed by reducing the thickness of the upper surface of this portion of the intermediate body 20 .

[0415] The intermediate body 20 within the range of the accommodation space may be closed or provided with a passage or opening. The gap between adjacent protruding structures 21 within the range of the accommodation space may become a passage or opening for the accommodation space to communicate with the outside. Referring to the above embodiments, the passage or opening may be open or closed by a closing body (short-term or long-term). In addition to the closing bodies described in other embodiments, the portion cut off from the intermediate body 20 for opening a passage or opening may also be used as a closing body, which is used to implement the closure after the contents are placed.

[0416] For example, the intermediate body 20 may further form a limiting protrusion extending into the range of the accommodation space to contact the surface of the content (or its coating) to limit it; the surface of the content (or its coating) may further form a limiting depression to correspond to the limiting protrusion; or, the surface of the content (or its coating) forms a limiting protrusion extending outside the range of the accommodation space, and the intermediate body 20 forms a corresponding depression. The limiting protrusion or limiting depression of the intermediate body 20 can be set separately, or can be set in conjunction with the limiting protrusion or limiting depression of the first porous structure 10, so as to limit the surface of the content (or its coating) in different directions.

[0417] When the interlayer portion includes the protruding structure 21 alone (corresponding to the example without the intermediate body 20), the spacing distance between adjacent protruding structures 21 is reasonably set: in some examples, a portion of the content (or its coating) is embedded in the space between adjacent protruding structures 21, and can be fixed by the surrounding first porous structure 10, the base 30 between the protruding structures 21 and other components (such as Fig.17 ); or, in some examples, one or more protruding structures 21 support the solid container (or its encapsulation) from below ( Fig.18 The entity 61 on the left is supported by the protruding structure 21). Fig.18 In the middle of the receiving space 518, the protruding structure 211 of this example is connected to some extension bodies 520 so that it is within the range of the receiving space 518. A part of the substrate 30, the intermediate body (the part other than the protruding structure 21), the first porous structure 10 or another component provided may be used as the extension body 520, a part of the extension body 520 is connected to other components outside the corresponding receiving space 518 or adjacent to the receiving space 518 (here, the extension section 520 is connected to the first porous structure 10), and another part of the extension body 520 is connected to the protruding structure 211 and extends the protruding structure 211 to the range of the receiving space 518. Alternatively, another part of the physical edge interface at the bottom of the receiving space 518 may be supported by an adjacent protruding structure 212.

[0418] Considering that the raised structure 21 is provided to reduce the contact resistance, and the volume thereof may be relatively small, it is not necessary to provide a limiting protrusion or a limiting recess on the raised structure 21. In some examples, it is allowed to provide a limiting protrusion or a limiting recess on the surface (such as the top surface or the side surface) of the raised structure 21, or on other components that are extended and arranged based on the surface.

[0419] In some examples, some edge interfaces of the accommodating space are in the form of molded parts (see Example 1). For the convenience of description, the wall panels are taken as an example here. The wall panels can be supported by the interlayer portion of the intermediate body or connected to the interlayer portion; for example, the longitudinally arranged wall panels can be erected on the top surface of the intermediate body 20; for example, the transversely arranged wall panels can be stacked on the top surface of the intermediate body 20 (contacting or connecting with each other). For another example, the longitudinally or transversely arranged wall panels can be supported or connected by the upper surface of the raised structure 21 (such as Fig.18 The wall plate 519 on the right side stands on the corresponding protruding structure 21. In some examples, the wall plate may not have any connection or contact with the sandwich portion, and the first porous structure 10 (such as Fig.13 The edge interface 511, 513, etc. at the edge of the wall can also be a gap (such as Fig.14 edge interface 514, etc., and additional contents are arranged in the gap).

[0420] In this embodiment, for example, the intermediate body 20 or the protruding structure 21 of the sandwich portion, as well as the characteristics of the accommodation space or the contents related thereto, can be applied to other embodiments.

[0421] Embodiment 3

[0422] like Figure 22 to Figure 33 As shown, in this embodiment, the design of the accommodation space and the placement of the contents when a polymer material is provided at the porous structure are described.

[0423] When two components (such as between the substrate 30 and the porous structure, or between adjacent porous structures) are connected by injecting a polymer material, for example, a high-temperature molten polymer material is injected so that it penetrates into the surfaces of the two components to be connected at the same time (the surfaces of the two components to be connected are in contact or are not far apart); or, the polymer material is placed inside the surfaces of the two components to be connected and between the two, and then the two components and the polymer material are heated as a whole to melt the polymer material and penetrate into the surfaces of the two components to be connected at the same time.

[0424] For example, Fig. 22 , Fig.23 As shown, the first porous structure 10 and the substrate 30 are connected by the injected polymer material to form a polymer material intermediate layer 400. The first porous structure 10 of this example can be arranged separately (not forming a complex with the intermediate); or it can belong to a certain complex, which is a part of the first porous structure 10 in the complex that is in direct contact with the substrate 30 (not limited to the situation that the complex also contains the intermediate, or the first porous structure 10 and / or the intermediate are also connected to the substrate 30 by other means at the same time), which is not shown in the figure.

[0425] In the example where the sandwich part pre-combined with the first porous structure 10 itself uses the second porous structure 20', as Fig.25 , Fig.26 As shown, the second porous structure 20 ′ and the substrate 30 are connected by injected polymer material to form a polymer material intermediate layer 400 .

[0426] The substrate 30 connected to the first porous structure 10 or the second porous structure 20' by a polymer material may be solid. Optionally, the surface of the substrate 30 is rough or has pores. Alternatively, the substrate 30 connected to the first porous structure 10 or the second porous structure 20' by a polymer material is a third porous structure (with a higher density than the first porous structure 10) as a whole, or at least the surface of the substrate 30 is made into a third porous structure. In the above examples, at least part of the surface (such as the top surface) of the first porous structure 10 is exposed.

[0427] In some examples, it is assumed that the first porous structure 10 has been connected to the substrate 30, or the composite comprising the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate has been connected to the substrate 30 (eg, Fig.31 As shown, the first porous structure 10 is connected to the substrate 30 by the intermediate body 20c bonded to the bottom thereof); such a first porous structure 10 is also connected to the fourth porous structure 10' on certain other surfaces (such as the surface away from the substrate 30, the top surface in this case) by injected polymer material to form a polymer material intermediate layer 400.

[0428] The fourth porous structure 10' is independently provided, or the fourth porous structure 10' and the fifth porous structure 10" are pre-combined to form another composite (similar to the first porous structure 10 and the second porous structure 20' being pre-combined to form a composite), then, the fourth porous structure 10' has at least a portion of its surface (for example, on the side not connected to the first porous structure 10, in this case the top surface) exposed to the outside. The fourth porous structure 10' and the fifth porous structure 10" have different densities, and the density of each of the fourth porous structure 10' and the fifth porous structure 10" may be the same as the density of any one of the first porous structure 10, the second porous structure 20', and the third porous structure, or may be different from the density of these porous structures.

[0429] In various examples of this embodiment, polymer materials are injected to connect corresponding components, and a porous structure that can be exposed to the outside is formed on at least one side of the substrate 30. Taking the application of the connection structure to an orthopedic prosthesis as an example, the exposed porous structures (such as Fig.25The density design is more concerned with satisfying the effect of "bone ingrowth"; and each porous structure (such as the bottom of the first porous structure 10 connected to the substrate 30 in FIG. 25, or the exposed top surface of the fourth porous structure 10' in FIG. 31) has a porous structure with polymer materials injected into the pores on the surface. Fig.31 The fourth porous structure 10' is located at the bottom and the first porous structure 10' is connected to the top), and its density design is more concerned with how to facilitate the injection of polymer materials and the reliable connection of corresponding components.

[0430] In these examples of the present embodiment, by adding polymer materials, the thickness of the substrate 30 layer can be appropriately reduced, which can not only ensure the basic strength of the entire connection structure, but also improve the stress shielding phenomenon. The stress shielding phenomenon refers to: when two materials with different elastic moduli are subjected to force together, the one with a larger elastic modulus will bear more stress; the elastic modulus of the substrate 30 is much larger than that of the bone, so the bone bears less stress, which can lead to postoperative osteolysis in severe cases. Since the present invention adds a polymer material with an elastic modulus smaller than that of the substrate 30, the stress shielding phenomenon will be improved accordingly.

[0431] like Fig.28 , Fig.29 As shown, a spacer layer 401 may be further pre-arranged in the components to be connected, and the spacer layer 401 may prevent the polymer material on one side from flowing to the other side, and may prevent the injected polymer material from diffusing outside the set area. For example, the spacer layer 401 is arranged at the edge of the area in the connection component where the polymer material is to be injected. The spacer layer 401 may be arranged in a porous structure or at the boundary of adjacent porous structures. Fig.28 , Fig.29 The spacer layer 401, taking the separator as an example, is arranged at the edge of the area to be injected with the polymer material of the first porous structure 10. In order to prevent the polymer material from passing through, the spacer layer 401 can be solid, or a porous structure with a higher density (higher than the part to be connected where the spacer layer 401 is located), or other suitable materials. The spacer layer 401 can be integrally formed with the part to be connected, or can be arranged separately (it can be arranged before injecting the polymer material).

[0432] The injected polymer material and the portion of the two components connected by the polymer material are referred to as a polymer material intermediate layer 400. The connection structure of this embodiment includes at least one polymer material intermediate layer 400.

[0433] The location of the accommodation space can avoid the polymer intermediate layer 400 and be set at other porous structures that are not connected to the polymer intermediate layer 400, or at a location in the same porous structure that is not in contact with the polymer intermediate layer 400. Alternatively, it can be set at a location on the intermediate body or substrate 30 that is not in contact with the polymer intermediate layer 400.

[0434] For example, Fig. 27 The accommodation space 413 is located at the first porous structure 10 where the polymer material intermediate layer 400 is not provided (the polymer material intermediate layer 400 is provided between the second porous structure 20' and the substrate 30). Fig.24 The accommodation space 410 is located in a region of the first porous structure 10 where the polymer intermediate layer 400 is not disposed (the polymer intermediate layer 400 is disposed between the bottom of the first porous structure 10 and the substrate 30 ). Fig.30 The accommodating space 416 is located in a region of the first porous structure 10 where the polymer intermediate layer 400 is not disposed (the polymer intermediate layer 400 is blocked on the other side by the spacer layer 401 ). Fig.31 The accommodation space 421 is located in a region of the fourth porous structure 10' where the polymer material intermediate layer 400 is not provided; Fig.32 The accommodating space 422 is located in the fourth porous structure 10' without the polymer material intermediate layer 400 (the polymer material intermediate layer 400 is disposed between the fifth porous structure 10" and the first porous structure 10).

[0435] In some examples, the polymer material layer or its spacer layer 401 is used to set the accommodation space and fix the contents. The accommodation space can be opened in the polymer material intermediate layer 400 in whole or in part. For example, a part of the accommodation space is located in the polymer material layer, and the accommodation space can extend to the component connected to the polymer material (such as a porous structure, a substrate 30, etc.), or extend to other components of the connection structure through the gap opened in the connected component, or further connect to the outside; or, the accommodation space can also be not extended and is located entirely in the polymer material layer.

[0436] For example, Fig.24 The accommodation space 411 is partially located in the polymer material intermediate layer 400 , and partially located in the connected first porous structure 10 ; the accommodation space 412 is entirely opened in the polymer material layer 400 . Fig.30 The accommodation space 418 is also entirely provided in the polymer material layer 400. Fig. 27 The accommodation space 415 is opened in the polymer material intermediate layer 400 and the first porous structure 10 and the substrate 30 connected thereto, and the accommodation space 415 is further connected to the external open space. Fig.31The accommodation space 419 is opened between the polymer material intermediate layer 400 and the first porous structure 10 and the fourth porous structure 10' connected thereto. The accommodation space 419 has the intermediate body 20c at the bottom of the first porous structure 10 as its bottom edge interface. Fig.32 The accommodating space 423 is opened in the polymer material intermediate layer 400 and the fourth porous structure 10' and the fifth porous structure 10" on one side thereof. Fig.33 The accommodating spaces 425, 425' and 426 are all opened in the polymer material intermediate layer 400 and the first porous structure 10 on one side thereof. The accommodating space 425 penetrates the intermediate body 20c and extends to the substrate 30; the accommodating space 425' does not extend to the substrate 30, but uses the intermediate body 20c as the bottom edge interface; the accommodating space 426 uses the intermediate body 20c as the bottom edge interface and the spacer layer 401 as the top edge interface.

[0437] If the placement and / or use of the contents are not affected, the contents can directly contact the polymer material or the spacer layer 401. The polymer material layer or its spacer layer 401 can be used to form an edge interface on one side of the accommodating space. When using the spacer layer 401, the accommodating space can be formed on the side where the spacer layer 401 is close to the polymer material, or on the other side away from the polymer material. The spacer layer 401 can be used alone or in combination with other component structures to fix the contents or their coating (bearing, connecting, tight fitting, limiting, etc.). If the polymer material layer has a suitable shape, it can also be used alone or in combination with other component structures to perform similar fixation on the contents or their coating (the polymer material can at least bear the contents).

[0438] Taking the polymer material intermediate layer 400 as an example of a side edge interface, see Fig.24 The accommodation space 411 (part of which is opened in the polymer material intermediate layer 400, and the polymer material intermediate layer 400 constitutes the bottom and side edge interfaces of the part), and the accommodation space 412 (with the polymer material intermediate layer 400 as the edge interfaces in multiple directions around it); Fig. 27 The accommodation space 414 (the accommodation space 414 is formed in the first porous structure 10 and the second porous structure 20', with the polymer material intermediate layer 400 as the edge interface at the bottom thereof), Fig. 27 The accommodation space 415 (partially penetrates the polymer material intermediate layer 400, and the polymer material intermediate layer 400 becomes the edge interface of the side of the penetration portion), Fig.30 The accommodation space 418 (opened in the polymer material intermediate layer 400 below the spacer layer 401, with the polymer material intermediate layer 400 as its peripheral edge interface in multiple directions), Fig.31 The storage space is 420 and Fig.32 The accommodating spaces 424 (each with the corresponding polymer material intermediate layer 400 as its bottom edge interface).

[0439] Taking the spacer layer 401 as an example of a side edge interface, see Fig.30 The accommodating space 417 has the spacer layer 401 as its bottom edge interface; the spacer layer 401 can also support the entity 61 placed thereon. Fig.31 The accommodation space 419 of FIG. 33 has the spacer layer 401 as its bottom edge interface. The accommodation space 426 of FIG. 33 has the spacer layer 401 as its top edge interface.

[0440] The range of the polymer material intermediate layer 400 or the spacer layer 401 corresponding to the accommodation space may be closed, or a channel or opening of the accommodation space may be provided on it. Fig.31 The arrow 71 at the receiving space 419 schematically represents a channel opened along the polymer material intermediate layer 400 and connected to the outside; Fig.32 The accommodating space 423 shown has an opening 72 connected to the pores of the surrounding fourth porous structure 10', thereby being connected to the outside or to other components; the accommodating space 424 is directly formed with an opening connected to the external space; Fig.33 Arrow 73 schematically indicates a channel opened along the substrate 30 and connected to the receiving space 425; arrow 74 schematically indicates a channel connected to the pores of the fourth porous structure 10' and passing through the polymer material intermediate layer 400 to connect to the receiving space 425'. The channel openings of other receiving spaces or the sealing bodies that close them are not marked in the figure.

[0441] For another example, a certain form of polymer material or spacer layer 401 can allow the contents to pass through the polymer material or spacer layer 401. Alternatively, a molded component or a filling body, or a closed body, can be made somewhere by injecting a polymer material or forming a spacer layer 401.

[0442] In this embodiment, for example, the injection of polymer materials, the polymer material intermediate layer 400 and the spacing layer 401, and the characteristics related to the containing space or the contained objects can be applied to other embodiments.

[0443] Embodiment 4

[0444] See also Figures 34 to 70 In this embodiment, the accommodation space and the contents are designed by providing a support part or by cooperating the support part with the first porous structure 10 (or the sandwich part of the intermediate body, or the substrate 30) and other components. One or more support parts each have at least a portion inserted into the first porous structure 10.

[0445] The preferred support portion is inserted roughly from the side of the first porous structure 10 away from the substrate 30 to the side close to the substrate 30. The insertion angle is not limited. Taking the direction shown in the figure as an example, it can be inserted vertically or with a certain inclination. When there are multiple support portions, their respective insertion angles can be the same or different, which can be set according to the actual application.

[0446] The support part can be used alone or in conjunction with other support parts or other component structures to fix the contents (such as bearing, connecting, tight fitting or limiting, etc.), but is not limited thereto. The enclosure of the contents or the edge interface of the entity of the containing space can be fixed in a similar manner, which will not be described one by one.

[0447] For example, the support portion can be connected to the contents; at least one side surface of the contents can be connected to one or more support portions. The support portion can carry the contents; one content can be carried by one or more support portions. Multiple support portions can carry or connect the contents from the same direction, or carry, connect, fit tightly or limit the contents from different directions. The support portion can also be set through the contents. The surface of the contents that is not carried or connected by the support portion can be suspended or fixed by other components such as the first porous structure 10, the intermediate interlayer portion or the substrate 30.

[0448] by Fig.34 For example, adjacent support portions 801 are tightly fitted to the entity 61 disposed therebetween; Fig.35 For example, the support portion 802 supports the physical edge interface of the accommodation space 427, and the accommodation space is a groove of the first porous structure 10 formed above the support portion 802; the support portion 803 cooperates with the substrate 30 and the first porous structure 10 to form the edge interface of the accommodation space 428 in all directions, and the support portion 803 also cooperates with another adjacent support portion 804, so that the physical edge interface of an accommodation space 429 is connected to the support portions 803 and 804; Fig.37 The support portion 808 is flush with the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and cooperates with the top surface of the first porous structure 10 to support an entity 61. The support portion 821 of FIG. 39 passes through the accommodation space 437. Fig.43 In the embodiment, the physical edge interface of the accommodating space 431 is located between adjacent supporting portions 812 (the supporting portions 812 may be tightly fitted or connected); Fig.44 The accommodating space 432 is located between adjacent supporting portions 813, and the physical edge interface of the accommodating space 432 is embedded in the supporting portion 813 (for example, the supporting portion 813 is provided with a notch, etc.); Fig.45The supporting parts 814 are generally provided at four corners of the physical edge interface of the accommodating space 433 for bearing.

[0449] In some examples, the volume of the support portion itself is large enough compared to the contents to be placed, or the support portion is hollow, and one or more accommodation spaces (such as Fig.38 The support portion 810 has a receiving space inside. Alternatively, the support portion itself may have some gaps or notches, which can be used to construct all or part of the receiving space, or to set other components that can fix the contents.

[0450] For example, Fig.44 The support portion 813 has a notch so that the edge interface of the corresponding side of the accommodating space 432 can extend into the interior of the support portion 813. Fig.47 The supporting parts 816 and 817 are each provided with a notch, and the two ends of a wall panel 991 are respectively embedded therein; in contrast, the wall panel 992 between the supporting parts 818 and 819 is not embedded in the interior of the two supporting parts 818 and 819; the wall panel 993 is connected to the outside of the supporting parts 816 and 818; and the wall panel 994 is connected between the other wall panels 991 and 992 that have been fixed by the supporting parts. Fig.47 These wall panels 991-994 respectively serve as edge interfaces in different directions of the accommodation space 435. The support portion 814 of FIG46 cooperates with a wall panel 99 in the opposite direction to set an edge interface of the accommodation space 434.

[0451] The accommodation space, gap or notch constructed based on the support part can be pre-designed and formed at the same time as the support part is manufactured, or can be formed through post-processing (it can be formed before placing the container, and is not limited to after the support part is manufactured, or after the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate form a complex, or after the complex is connected to the substrate 30).

[0452] Depending on the different ways of fixing the contents, the support portion may be an edge interface located in one or more directions of the accommodating space. A certain side edge interface may have one or more corresponding support portions (other edge sides may or may not have support portions). The spaces between adjacent support portions may not be closed, and may be connected to the first porous structure 10 next to it or further connected to the outside; or, adjacent support portions may be close to each other with no spaces between them; or, the spaces between adjacent support portions may be closed (for example, by forming wall panels, filling surfaces, polymer material layers, partitions, etc. as described in other embodiments, and are not limited thereto). Alternatively, when the support portion is large enough, the surface of a support portion in one or more directions (which may be an outer surface or an inner surface formed by opening a notch, etc.) is used as an edge interface of the accommodating space in one or more directions (such as Fig.48The side surface of the support portion 820 is used to form an edge interface in the corresponding direction of the accommodating space 436).

[0453] The passage or opening of the accommodation space can be opened at the edge interface where the support part is located (such as avoiding the support part itself), or the interval gap between adjacent support parts can be used as a passage or opening, or a certain part of the support part can be penetrated to directly form a passage or opening (penetration in the horizontal, vertical or other directions can be implemented separately or in combination). The passage or opening can be opened after the contents are placed, or closed by a closing body (short-term or long-term).

[0454] For example, Fig.38 The support portion 810 has an accommodation space therein, and an arrow 75 schematically indicates a passage connecting the first porous structure 10 and the outside. Fig.39 An arrow 76 schematically indicates a channel opened inside the support portion 821 , which communicates with the outside and the accommodating space 437 . Fig.40 The accommodation space 440 has the base 30 as the bottom edge interface, and the lower side of a support portion 823 close to it is used as part of the edge interface in the corresponding direction. The edge interface in this direction is also provided with an opening, which is connected to the pores of the first porous structure 10 below the support portion 823, and the opening is closed by the closing body 93; the accommodation space 441 also has the base as the bottom edge interface, and the accommodation space 441 does not contact the nearby support portion 824, etc., and the top of the accommodation space 441 has an opening connected to the outside through the corresponding gap 103 opened in the first porous structure 10; the opening is closed by the closing body 94. For another example, Fig.41 The accommodating space 442 has an opening at one side edge interface, which is connected to a gap 105 at the first porous structure 10. The gap 105 corresponds to the predetermined installation position of the support portion 826. After the contents are placed in the accommodating space 442, the support portion 826 is installed in place to completely fill the gap 105 and at the same time close the opening of the accommodating space 442 on this side.

[0455] The support portion may be in direct contact or connection with the first porous structure 10 around the insertion portion; or, the support portion is not in contact or connection with the first porous structure 10 around the insertion portion, but is inserted into a gap formed in the first porous structure 10; the gap may be pre-designed and formed when the first porous structure 10 is manufactured, or may be formed by post-processing (the timing of post-processing is not limited to after the first porous structure 10 is manufactured, or after the first porous structure 10 forms a composite with an intermediate, or after the composite is connected to the substrate 30). Fig.34 There is no gap between the support portion 801 and the first porous structure 10; Fig.36There is a gap 100 between the supporting portion 806 and the surrounding first porous structure 10 .

[0456] The structure, quantity, shape, size and arrangement position of the support part are not limited and can be determined according to the application. For example, the support part can be in the shape of a plate, strip, block, column, plug, etc., but not limited thereto; the cross section of the support part in the transverse (or longitudinal) direction can be a certain geometric shape, or an irregular shape; the cross-sectional shape and size of the same support part at different heights can be the same or different; a side surface of the support part can be a plane, an arc surface, any curve, or a combination of multiple shapes. A support part can be an integral component or a combination of multiple parts.

[0457] Assume that the cross section of the support portion of the other examples is circular, and Fig.47 A support portion 818 of a different shape and a square cross section is schematically provided; Fig.46 A support portion 815 is schematically provided, which has a semicircular cross section and a straight side corresponding to the accommodation interface 434; the support portion 815 can be manufactured with a semicircular cross section, or it can be formed into the shape through post-processing.

[0458] If the main purpose is to place the contents, the material of the support portion is not limited; the support portion itself can be integrally formed with the first porous structure 10, etc., or can be set up later (before placing the contents). In some examples, the support portion is made of a molten material that solidifies at the injected first porous structure 10.

[0459] Alternatively, in some preferred examples, the composite body is connected to the substrate 30 by resistance welding. In these examples, the support portion can be used as an insert portion of an intermediate body, which is arranged in the first porous structure 10 before welding to play the role of electrical limiting and / or enhancing current conduction.

[0460] A support column is now used as an example structure of a support part. The features of the support column described in each example can be applied to other support parts, and vice versa. The cross-sectional shape of the support column is not limited (it can be a geometric figure, a circle or a polygon, or an irregular shape). Each figure takes a cylinder as an example, and the directions described are all the directions shown in the figure.

[0461] In the example of resistance welding, the support portion can be used to limit the position of the electrode. Since the resistance welding electrode needs to be pressed against the workpiece to be welded while providing current, the surface of the workpiece is easily damaged due to the generated resistance heat or the applied pressure.

[0462] Considering that the first porous structure 10 itself has many pores in the connection structure, at least part of the surface of the first porous structure 10 is usually exposed to the outside, making it more susceptible to resistance heat or pressure; for example, the pores in the compressed part of the first porous structure 10 may become smaller, and the brackets or beams may break or shift, affecting the originally designed porous morphology of its surface and may also produce indentations; if the resistance heat is too high, it may also leave burn-like marks on the surface of the first porous structure 10.

[0463] Therefore, the following examples are mainly explained by using the support portion to limit the electrode (called the electrode 401 of the first polarity) on the side close to the first porous structure 10. The electrode 402 of the second polarity, for example, contacts the bottom surface of the substrate 30, or contacts other composite bodies connected to one side of the bottom surface of the substrate 30; and the density of the substrate 30 or the intermediate body is higher than that of the first porous structure 10, and there may be no surface exposed to the outside; therefore, the support portion can be set to limit the electrode 402 of the second polarity in a similar manner, or the electrode 402 of the second polarity may not be limited.

[0464] In the first example, Figure 52 to Figure 55 As shown, the top surface of the support portion 81 is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure 10, that is, the support portion 81 is buried in the first porous structure 10, and the first polarity electrode 401 is pressed against the top surface of the first porous structure 10, compressing the top surface of the first porous structure 10 downward by a certain distance (see Fig.52 If the electrode contacts the top surface of the support portion 81, it will be limited and will not move downward any further; that is, the top surface of the first porous structure 10 can still be substantially flush with the top surface of the support portion 81 after maximum compression (if it is not maximum compression, the top surface of the first porous structure 10 is still higher than the top surface of the support portion 81).

[0465] In the second example, Figure 56-57 As shown, the top surface of the support portion 82 is flush with the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and the electrode 401 (or the electrode monomer 405) of the first polarity is pressed against the top surface of the support portion 82 and the first porous structure 10, and due to the limiting effect of the support portion 82, the electrode will not continue to move downward, that is, the top surface of the first porous structure 10 will not be collapsed.

[0466] In the third example, Figures 58 to 61 As shown, the top surface of the support portion 83 is higher than the top surface of the first porous structure 10, so the electrode 401 of the first polarity (or the electrode monomer 405) mainly contacts the top surface of the support portion 83 when pressed, and is limited by the support portion 83 and will not continue to move downward; in this way, the electrode 401 has no contact with the top surface of the first porous structure 10 and will not affect the top surface morphology of the first porous structure 10.

[0467] In the first and second examples, since the electrode 401 (or the electrode monomer 405) is still in conductive contact with the first porous structure 10, the support portion 81 or 82 can be made of either insulating material or conductive material; in the third example, the electrode 401 (or the electrode monomer 405) is not in conductive contact with the first porous structure 10, and the support portion 83 needs to be made of conductive material so that the current applied through the electrode 401 (or the electrode monomer 405) can be conducted through the support portion 83. The present invention utilizes the limiting function of the support portion 81 or 82 made of insulating material. The support portions 81, 82, and 83 made of conductive material can further enhance the current conduction.

[0468] Preferably, the density of the support portion is higher than that of the first porous structure 10. If the support portion is solid or a porous structure with a higher density, on the one hand, the structural strength is enhanced to effectively resist the force when the electrode is pressed. On the other hand, when such a support portion is a good conductor, compared with the first porous structure 10 with pores near it (the pores are poor conductors such as air), the resistance of the support portion itself is smaller and the conductivity is better. The current will preferentially choose to pass through the support portion to the interface where the composite and the substrate 30 are in contact; according to the above, the resistance heat Q is proportional to IR 2 If other structures remain unchanged, a good conductor support is used to reduce the resistance in the current conduction path, thereby increasing the current I in the loop and increasing the value of the resistance heat, thereby improving the efficiency and strength of the welding connection.

[0469] If the limiting function is mainly considered, in addition to designing the top surface height of the support part (see the first to third examples), other parts can be set arbitrarily as needed. Even if the support part of the good conductor is completely buried in the first porous structure 10, there are still first porous structures 10 above and below (such as Fig.34 The support portion 801 shown; Fig.41 The support portion 827, Fig.42 The support portion 830 has a smaller resistance than the surrounding first porous structure 10, and can guide the current to pass more efficiently.

[0470] Alternatively, the bottom of the supporting part of the good conductor can extend downward to the bottom of the first porous structure 10, contacting the interlayer part or the substrate 30, and conducting the current faster to the interface where the composite body and the substrate 30 are connected. For example, Fig.38 The support portion 811, Fig.39 The supporting parts 822 have their respective bottoms in contact with the substrate 30; Fig.52 , Fig.53 , Fig.55 The support portion 81, Fig.56 , Fig.57 The support portion 82, FIG. 58, Fig.59 The support parts 83 of each directly contact the sandwich part at the bottom (the sandwich parts in each figure have different shapes, including the intermediate body 20 and / or the protruding structure 21). Fig.54 The bottom of the support portion 81 extends to the bottom of the first porous structure 10 without direct contact with the interlayer portion (the protruding structure 21 ), but the current can be conducted through the first porous structure 10 .

[0471] The support portion can be inserted into the gap of the first porous structure 10 without contacting the surrounding first porous structure 10, so as to avoid the resistance heat being transferred to the surface of the surrounding first porous structure 10 and causing damage to it (such as Fig.36 The support portion 806 shown is separated by a gap 100 around it. The support portion can also be in contact with or connected to the surrounding first porous structure 10 to conduct current to the surrounding first porous structure 10 (e.g. Figures 52 to 61 wait).

[0472] According to the above formula, if the contact resistance R can be increased while the current I is increased, the resistance heat can be increased. The contact resistance R is closely related to the contact interface morphology of the workpiece to be welded (composite, substrate 30). To this end, in addition to separately setting a support portion of a good conductor, in some examples, the support portion and the interlayer portion of the intermediate body can be set together. For example, during resistance welding, the intermediate body includes the support portion and the intermediate body body 20, the support portion and the protruding structure 21, the support portion, the intermediate body body 20 and the protruding structure 21, and so on.

[0473] The support portion may be in contact with or not in contact with the intermediate body 20 (a protruding structure 21 may be provided below the intermediate body 20 or there may be no protruding structure 21); the number of the support portion and the protruding structure 21 may be the same or different, and the arrangement positions of the two may correspond to or stagger each other (the protruding structure 21 may be located below the intermediate body 20, or directly below the first porous structure 10), and the support portion may be in direct contact with or not in direct contact with the protruding structure 21. Preferably, the support portion is in direct conductive contact with the interlayer portion, and / or the electrode is in direct conductive contact with the support portion to avoid loss caused by current conduction through the first porous structure 10. Of course, in some examples, it is allowed that the current applied by the electrode is first conducted to the support portion through certain parts of the first porous structure 10, or the current obtained by the support portion is conducted to the interlayer portion or the substrate 30 through certain parts of the first porous structure 10.

[0474] For example, Fig.34 , Fig.35 , Figures 37 to 40 As shown, the support portion is not provided simultaneously with the interlayer portion; Fig.36 , Fig.41 , Fig.42 As shown, the support part and the interlayer part are provided at the same time. Fig.36 The sandwich portion includes an intermediate body 20 which is in direct contact with the support portions 805, 806, etc.; Fig.41 The sandwich portion includes the intermediate body 20 and the protruding structure 21, but neither of them is in contact with the support portion 827, etc.; Fig.42 The interlayer portion includes the intermediate body 20 and is not in contact with the support portion 830 and the like.

[0475] For example, Fig.52 , Fig.53 The sandwich parts all include the intermediate body 20 and the protruding structure 21, and the supporting parts 81 are in contact with the intermediate body 20, but Fig.52 The number of the supporting parts 81 is the same as that of the protruding structures 21 and corresponds one to one. Fig.53 The number and position of the middle support portions 81 do not correspond to the protruding structures 21 . Fig.54 , Fig.55 The interlayer parts all include a protruding structure 21, Fig.54 The supporting portion 81 does not correspond to the protruding structure 21 and they are not in direct contact with each other; Fig.55 The supporting portions 81 correspond to the protruding structures 21 one by one and are in contact with each other. Fig.56 , Fig.57 The interlayer parts include the intermediate body 20 and are in contact with the supporting part 82. Fig.58 , Fig.59 The interlayer portion includes an intermediate body 20 and a protruding structure 21 , and the supporting portions 83 are all in contact with the intermediate body 20 , and the number of the supporting portions 83 is the same as that of the protruding structure 21 and corresponds one to one. Fig.60 , Fig.61 The interlayer portion includes a protruding structure 21, and the supporting portion 83 corresponds to and is in direct contact with the protruding structure 21.

[0476] In an example, Fig.62As shown, the intermediate body includes an intermediate body main body 20, a plurality of support portions 80 connected to the upper surface of the intermediate body main body 20, and a plurality of protruding structures 21 (protruding toward the substrate 30) connected to the lower surface of the intermediate body main body 20. In this example, the electrode 402 of the second polarity contacts the lower surface of the substrate 30, and a pressure head 490 is provided on the top surface of the first porous structure 10; the pressure head 490 and the electrode 402 of the second polarity exert force to press the composite body to be connected and the substrate 30 between the two; the electrode 406 of the first polarity contacts the side area of ​​the first porous structure 10, and a current loop is formed between the first polarity electrode 406 and the second polarity electrode 402, for example, the current flowing out of the first polarity electrode 406 passes through the side area of ​​the first porous structure 10, and then passes through the support portion 80 and the intermediate body 20 near the side area, and is conducted to other parts of the intermediate body (such as the intermediate body 20 and the protruding structure 21 in the middle area, etc.), and then the composite body (such as the protruding structure 21) is welded and fixed to the substrate 30. Then, the support portion 80 corresponding to the middle area of ​​the first porous structure 10 is more used to limit the pressure head 490 (to avoid excessive downward pressure), and can also be used to conduct current when necessary. The current entering from the side has a smaller overall resistance on the path from the first polarity electrode 406 through the intermediate body (sandwich portion) to the substrate 30, thereby improving the current conduction effect. The first polarity electrode 406 located on the side has any shape, and can be a ring frame surrounding the side, or a flat plate electrode, or a single electrode.

[0477] A variation of the above example is to make the electrode of the first polarity directly contact at least one of the support portion 80, the intermediate body 20, and the protruding structure 21 located at the edge from the side, and conduct the current to the intermediate at other positions through the conductive parts at the edge, and then weld and fix the composite to the substrate 30; the side of the first porous structure 10 of this variation may not be exposed to the outside, and at least one of the support portion 80, the intermediate body 20, and the protruding structure 21 directly has an exposed surface located at the edge of the composite to make conductive contact with the electrode of the first polarity; or, the electrode of the first polarity can be inserted into the first porous structure 10 in the edge area to make conductive contact with at least one of the support portion 80, the intermediate body 20, and the protruding structure 21 located in the edge area. For example, Fig.63 The first polarity electrode 407 is inserted from the edge into the first porous structure 10 and contacts the leftmost support portion 80 and the protruding structure 21; the first polarity electrode 408 contacts the rightmost side of the intermediate body 20 and the first porous structure 10. The first polarity electrodes 407 and 408 schematically represent two electrodes of the same polarity.

[0478] Based on the above example and this variation, it can be understood that the side electrode can also be applied to situations where there is no supporting portion or the supporting portion is not conductive. As long as there are other intermediates (such as interlayer portions) that can directly contact the side electrode, or the side electrode can be conducted to other intermediates (such as interlayer portions) through the first porous structure 10 in the edge area, the current flow path can be shortened to a certain extent, thereby improving welding efficiency.

[0479] Another deformation situation, such as Fig.63 As shown, while the side electrodes are provided, the pressure head 490 is replaced by another electrode 401 of the first polarity ( Fig.62 ), the other electrode 401 of the first polarity simultaneously provides another current and applies pressure from the top surface of the first porous structure 10 to cooperate with the electrode 402 of the second polarity to compress the composite and the substrate 30.

[0480] The support portion itself can be integrally formed or pre-connected with the first porous structure 10 and / or the interlayer portion, or can be set later (at any time before welding); and in addition to fixing the contents (or its coating or containing space) in the state when it is manufactured or welded, in some examples, the support portion can also be processed after welding. For example, if the surface to be fixed of the contents is a plane, a portion of the side of the cylindrical support portion can be cut off to form a plane to increase the surface for fixing the contents; when the surface to be fixed of the contents is other shapes, a corresponding surface shape can be similarly processed for the support portion. For another example, after resistance welding, a notch is opened at a certain position of the support portion to fix the contents or to set a component that can fix the contents. If the notch is formed before resistance welding, the gap at the notch may affect the conductive effect of the support portion itself. For another example, after resistance welding, the support portion can even be opened, cut off or completely removed (such as Fig.41 One support portion is divided into two sections 825a and 825b, and section 825a is removed; Fig.42 The support portion 828 is removed as a whole), thereby leaving more area in the first porous structure 10 for designing the accommodation space and placing the contents, or directly placing the contents or fixing the contents in the space left by removing the support portion.

[0481] In this embodiment, the supporting portion and the accommodation space or the contents and their related characteristics may be applied in other embodiments.

[0482] Embodiment 5

[0483] In this embodiment, some variation examples of the supporting part, the first porous structure 10, the electrode, etc. are provided, so as to design the accommodation space and place the contents. The supporting column is still used as an example in the figure.

[0484] In the third example of the fourth embodiment, the top surface of the support portion is higher than the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (eg Fig.58 , 59 After the resistance welding is completed, the portion of the support portion that is higher than the top surface of the first porous structure 10 can be cut off to prevent the support portion from protruding from the product surface during subsequent use.

[0485] Alternatively, after resistance welding is completed, one or more of the support portions that are higher than the top surface of the first porous structure 10 may be retained (the raised portions of other support portions may be removed), and a corresponding nested structure (for example, an annular structure formed by adapting the cross-section of the support portion) may be formed on the container (or the solid edge of the coating or the accommodating space), so that the nested structure is sleeved on the corresponding support portion; the top surface of the support portion may be higher than, equal to, or lower than the top surface of the nested structure. The container in this example is located on the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (the portion next to the support portion), and is further supported or connected by the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (the top surface may maintain its original flush state or form a downward depression to place the container), or the container may be suspended in the air without contacting the top surface of the first porous structure 10. Fig.39 As shown, the accommodating space 438 has a solid edge interface, and the nested structure 481 is arranged to be sleeved on the portion of the adjacent supporting portion 822 that is higher than the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and the bottom of the accommodating space 438 is suspended in the air and does not contact the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (it can be understood that if the accommodating space 438 is located lower, its bottom can be supported by the top surface of the first porous structure 10).

[0486] With reference to the above, based on the first example or the second example of the fourth embodiment, the first porous structure 10 around the top of one or more supporting parts is removed to expose the top of the supporting part, and a nested structure for the contents (or the edge interface of the entity of the encapsulation body, the containing space, etc.) is placed on the top of the supporting part to fix the contents.

[0487] For example, Fig.36 The top of the support portion 805 is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and the support portion 805 itself is inserted into the gap 100 formed in the first porous structure 10, so that the accommodating space 430 has a solid edge interface. The nested structure 481 can utilize the gap 100 to be put on the top of the support portion 805, and a depression can be formed in the corresponding area on the top of the first porous structure 10 to support the accommodating space 430. Fig.38The support portion 811 is directly inserted into the first porous structure 10 (without surrounding spacing gaps), the top of the support portion 811 is lower than the top surface of the first porous structure 10, the top of the first porous structure 10 is removed in the corresponding area to form a recess, and the top of the support portion 811 is exposed, and a nested structure 481 set by an entity 61 is directly mounted on the top of the support portion 811, and the entity 61 itself is also supported by the first porous structure 10 in the recess.

[0488] Similarly, if the accommodation space corresponds to other heights of the support part (such as the bottom or middle section, etc.), the nested structure of the contents (or the coating, the physical edge interface of the accommodation space, etc.) can also be set at the corresponding position of the support part (the first porous structure 10 near the position is removed, and a channel or opening is connected to the vicinity of the position). If the nested structure is convenient to be set from the top or bottom of the support part, the nested structure can be made into a closed loop structure ( Fig.49 An example of a closed-loop nested structure 481 is provided); if it is sleeved at other heights of the support part, or it is inconvenient to sleeve it directly from the top or bottom, the nested structure can be made into a non-closed-loop structure (such as the nested structures on both sides form an outward arch, which is closely contacted with the cylindrical surface of the support part on both sides for fixing; Fig.50 An example of a non-closed loop nested structure 482 is provided. Fig.37 As shown, the first porous structure 10 between the lower parts of the support parts 807 and 708 is removed to form a gap 101 for placing the entity 61. The entity 61 is provided with a non-closed loop nesting structure 482, which can be in close contact with the support parts 807 and 808 on both sides to achieve fixation.

[0489] In some examples, after welding is completed, one or some of the supporting parts are completely or partially removed to leave a corresponding gap in the first porous structure 10, and a matching embedded structure (for example, a columnar, plug-shaped, block-shaped, plate-shaped, etc. and not limited thereto) is formed at the container (or the edge interface of the package, the entity of the container space, etc.), and the embedded structure can be embedded in the gap left by removing the supporting part, and the first porous structure 10 beside the gap is used to limit the embedded structure to prevent lateral sliding. If the embedded structure is tightly matched with the gap, the container, etc. is thereby fixed; if the two are not tightly matched, it can mainly play the aforementioned limiting role, and further cooperate with other components of the connection structure to fix the container, etc. For example, the contents may be located on the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (the portion next to the gap), may be further supported or connected by the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (the top surface may maintain its original flush state or form a downward depression to place the contents), or, the contents may be suspended in the air without contact with the top surface of the first porous structure 10.

[0490] For example, Fig.41 The supporting part is composed of two sections 825a and 825b, and the section 825a is removed to leave a gap 104, so that an embedded structure 483 provided at the bottom of the entity 61 can be inserted into the gap 104, so that the entity 61 can be fixed; Fig.42 The supporting portion 828 at one end is completely removed to leave a gap 106, and an embedded structure arranged at the bottom of the entity 61 is inserted into the gap 106, so that the entity 61 can be fixed. The entity 61 in these two examples can be inserted deep enough so that it is supported by the top surface of the first porous structure 10 at the same time; or, the entity 61 is fixed by the cooperation between the first porous structure 10 and the embedded structure at the gap 104 or 106 alone, and does not contact the top surface of the first porous structure 10.

[0491] The embedding structure in the above example is generally arranged longitudinally; in another example, a transverse embedding structure may be provided on the entity and inserted into the gap or notch of the support portion, the pores of the first porous structure 10, etc., to fix the entity. Fig.40 The accommodation space 439 has a solid edge interface, and the embedded structures 483 are respectively arranged on both sides and inserted into the adjacent supporting parts 823; the accommodation space 439 is also supported by the top surface of the first porous structure 10. Fig.51 An example of a transverse embedded structure 483 is shown. It can be understood that similar Fig.37 In the example, the nested structure 482 of the entity 61 is replaced with a horizontal embedded structure (the support portion 807 needs to have a corresponding notch for insertion), and the entity 61 can also be fixed.

[0492] In some examples, the support part is inserted into the gap formed at the first porous structure 10, and there is a gap between the support part and the first porous structure 10 around it; a nested structure matching the support part is formed at the container (or the edge interface of the package, the entity of the container space, etc.), or an embedded structure matching the gap is formed (for example, a hollow cylinder); after completing the resistance welding, the nested structure of the container, etc. can be put on the support part, or the embedded structure can be inserted into the gap. If the nesting or embedding is a tight fit, the container, etc. can be fixed thereby; otherwise, it can be fixed by cooperating with other parts of the connection structure (such as the support part, the first porous structure 10, etc.). For example, the container can be located on the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (next to the support part), and is further supported or connected by the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (the top surface can maintain the original flush state or form a downward depression to place the container), or the container, etc. can also be suspended without contacting the top surface of the first porous structure 10.

[0493] For example, Fig.42The bottom of a solid body 61 is provided with an integrated nesting structure and embedding structure 484, which is inserted into a gap 107 around the top of a support portion 829 and is simultaneously covered on the top of the support portion 829; the top of the support portion 829 is originally lower than the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and a portion of the first porous structure 10 around the top of the support portion 829 is removed to form the gap 107. It can be understood that similar to the support portion 806 of FIG. 36 itself is inserted into a gap 100 in the first porous structure 10, the integrated nesting structure and embedding structure can also be inserted into the gap 100, and the solid body is fixed by the support portion 806 (or the first porous structure 10 around it, etc.).

[0494] In addition, although Figures 37 to 40 , Figures 49 to 51 The nested structures 481, 482 and embedded structures 483 are shown to be located on both sides of the entity 61 or the accommodating space, but the actual number or position of the nested structures 481, 482 or embedded structures 483 is not limited. For example, an entity has a larger number of nested structures 481, 482 and embedded structures 483 in more directions to match more support parts for fixation at the same time. Or, sometimes, an entity has fewer nested structures or embedded structures, which can also be fixed by the support parts alone or by the support parts and the surrounding first porous structure 10. Similarly, although Fig.41 , Fig.42 The figures show an embedded structure, or an integrated nested structure and an embedded structure of an entity, but the number or position of the embedded structures, integrated nested structures and embedded structures provided for each entity or each accommodating space are not limited; when an entity or a accommodating space has a larger number of embedded structures, or integrated nested structures and embedded structures in more directions, each of them can correspond to a supporting part one by one, or at least one supporting part can match one of the embedded structures, or integrated nested structures and embedded structures.

[0495] In some examples of implementing resistance welding, the first polarity electrode near one side of the first porous structure 10 includes one or more electrode monomers. The electrode monomers can be inserted into the gap formed in the first porous structure 10, and directly contact the intermediate sandwich portion (such as the intermediate body 20, the protruding structure 21, the intermediate body 20 with the protruding structure 21, etc.) exposed in the gap; or, the gap is not directly connected to the sandwich portion, but a part of the first porous structure 10 is still left at the bottom of the gap, and the electrode monomer is in direct contact with this part of the first porous structure 10 (not shown), so that the current is conducted to the sandwich portion of the intermediate through this part of the first porous structure 10. The electrode monomer can be in contact with the first porous structure 10 next to the gap where it is inserted, or it can be separated by a spacer gap or an insulator.

[0496] like Fig.64 , Fig.66 As shown, a plurality of monomers 409 of the first polarity electrode are respectively inserted into the gaps in the first porous structure 10, and then directly contact the top surface of the intermediate body 20; Fig.69 As shown, the electrode 401 of the first polarity is a large flat electrode, which contacts a plurality of conductive media 4011 at the same time. Each conductive medium 4011 is inserted into the gap in the first porous structure 10, and then directly contacts the top surface of the intermediate body 20 ( Fig.64 , Fig.69 The intermediate body 20 has a raised structure 21, Fig.66 The intermediate body 20 has no raised structure 21).

[0497] Alternatively, the monomer of the electrode can also be inserted into the gap formed in the support part, and directly conductively contact with the support part (the top surface of the support part can be higher or lower than or equal to the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and the gap of the support part is recessed downward from the top surface of the support part). The intermediate of this example can only include the support part, or can also include the support part and the interlayer part (such as the intermediate body 20, the protruding structure 21, and the intermediate body 20 with the protruding structure 21). It is allowed that part of the first porous structure 10 exists between the support part and the interlayer part, or between the support part and the substrate 30. More preferably, the support part and the interlayer part are in direct conductive contact to conduct current.

[0498] like Fig.67 The multiple monomers 409 of the electrode are respectively inserted into the recesses at the top of the support portion 831 and directly contact the support portion 831; Fig.70 As shown, the electrode 401 of the first polarity is a large flat electrode, which contacts a plurality of conductive media 4011 at the same time. Each conductive medium 4011 is inserted into the recess at the top of the support portion 831 and directly contacts the support portion 831 ( Fig.70 The intermediate body 20 has a raised structure 21, Fig.67 The intermediate body 20 has no raised structure 21).

[0499] In the above examples, the current may not pass through (or pass less through) the first porous structure 10, thereby improving the conductivity and avoiding damage to the first porous structure 10 exposed to the outside. After the resistance welding is completed, the inserted electrode monomer 409 or the conductive medium 4011 is removed, leaving the gap 108 ( Fig.65 ) or the gap 110 ( Fig.68); these gaps 108 or 110 can be directly used as a receiving space to place the contents; or, these gaps 108 or 110 can be used to set an embedded structure (e.g. Fig.65 , Fig.68 The bottom of the accommodation space 443 is provided with an embedded structure 483 which is inserted into the gaps 108 and 110 respectively. If the embedded structure is a tight fit, the contents can be fixed therein; otherwise, the contents can be fixed by cooperating with the first porous structure 10 or the supporting part next to the gap. For example, the contents can be located on the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and can be further supported or connected by the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (the top surface can maintain the original flush state or form a downward depression to place the contents), or the contents can be suspended in the air without contacting the top surface of the first porous structure 10.

[0500] Although the example is described as the electrode monomer being inserted from the top, it is understandable that if the electrode monomer is inserted from other directions (such as the side) into the first porous structure 10 or into the gap of the support portion (opened laterally), resistance welding and utilizing the gap to set up the container or its embedded structure are also achievable.

[0501] The modified examples in this embodiment and the characteristics of the accommodation space or the contents related thereto may be applied to other embodiments.

[0502] Embodiment 6

[0503] like Figure 71 to Figure 85 As shown, in this embodiment, some examples are provided for using the support portion to set up other components, and thereby designing a receiving space and placing the contents.

[0504] The supporting part 80 in the figure still takes the supporting column as an example. The supporting part 80 corresponds to and contacts the protruding structure 21 of the interlayer part, and the interlayer part also includes the intermediate body 20.

[0505] A coupling body 981 or an extension body 982 may be provided on the support portion 80 to construct an edge interface of the accommodation space, or directly used to fix (carry, connect, fit tightly or limit, etc.) the contents (or its encapsulation). The two ends of each coupling body 981 are respectively connected to two support portions 80. One end of each extension body 982 is connected to the support portion 80, and the other end may extend to other components (such as the first porous structure 10) or the other end may be open.

[0506] For example, Fig.71 The coupling body 981 is connected to the lower part of the support part 80 and is substantially flush with the intermediate body 21 of the sandwich part. The top surface of the coupling body 981 becomes the edge interface of the bottom of the accommodation space 459. For example, Fig.72The connecting body 981 is connected to the upper part of the supporting part 80, higher than the intermediate body 21, and a pocket-shaped receiving space 460 is formed below the connecting body 981, and the connecting body 981 becomes the edge interface of the top. Fig.73 One end of the extension body 982 is connected to the lower part of a left support part 80, and the other end is open (a portion of the first porous structure 10 is left between the other support part 80 on the right); an accommodating space 461 is formed between the two support parts 80, a portion of which is located above the extension body 982, and the other portion laterally exceeds the range of the extension body 982 and is opened in the first porous structure 10 between the extension body 982 and the right support part 80; the extension body 982 is basically flush with the intermediate body 20.

[0507] The connecting body 981 or the extension body 982 may also be in contact or connected with other parts of the connecting structure, such as the first porous structure 10 for support from below; or, the connecting body 981 or the extension body 982 may be suspended, for example, the first porous structure 10 at the corresponding position is removed, and the connecting body 981 or the extension body 982 is not in contact with the first porous structure 10 (but is fixed by the connected support part 80).

[0508] like Fig.74 As shown, one side of the middle support portion 80 is connected to an extension body 982a, and the other side is provided with a notch to connect an extension body 982b; the two extension bodies 982a and 982b are located at different heights, and their top surfaces respectively become the edge interfaces of the bottom of the accommodating spaces 462 and 463, and the top openings of the accommodating spaces 462 and 463 are connected to the external space; the accommodating space 463 also uses the middle support portion 80 as the edge interface on one side; the accommodating space 462 is not adjacent to the support portion 80; the extension body 982a is suspended below, and the left end can abut against a bracket end of the first porous structure 10; a portion of the first porous structure 10 is left below the extension body 982b to support it; the interlayer portion of this example does not have an intermediate body.

[0509] The shape, size and quantity of the connecting body 981 or the extension body 982 are not limited, and can be plate-shaped, strip-shaped, rod-shaped, etc.; if it does not affect the placement or use of the contents, or if a channel or opening of the storage space is formed thereby, the connecting body 981 / extension body 982 can be hollowed out, or there can be a gap between adjacent connecting bodies 981 / extension bodies 982 corresponding to the same edge interface.

[0510] One coupling body 981 (or extension body 982) can correspond to a side edge interface of the accommodation space, covering all or part of the area of ​​the side edge interface; or, multiple coupling bodies 981 (or extension bodies 982) can correspond to a side edge interface of the accommodation space at the same time, and cooperate to cover all or part of the area corresponding to the side edge interface (multiple coupling bodies 981 / extension bodies 982 covering a part of the area can be arranged with intervals, or close to each other without intervals). The coupling body 981 and the extension body 982 can be set at the same time or at different times; they can be located at the same side edge interface or at different edge interfaces; they can be connected to the same support portion 80 or to different support portions 80.

[0511] For example, the two support parts 80 respectively connected to the two ends of the coupling body 981 can be located at two adjacent or opposite edge interfaces in the accommodation space. One or more coupling bodies 981 can be arranged between two adjacent support parts 80. For example, for the two extension bodies 982 at the same edge interface of the accommodation space, they can be arranged opposite to each other at the same height or at different heights, and the ends of the two extension bodies 982 that are not connected to the support parts 80 can be close to each other or have a spacing distance.

[0512] For example, Fig.82 The connecting body 981c shown is a sheet body, corresponding to the edge interface of a certain direction of the accommodation space, and each side of the left and right sides thereof is connected to two supporting parts respectively. Fig.83 The shown connecting bodies 981d and 981e are in strip shape, each with one end connected to the same supporting portion, and the two connecting bodies 981d and 981e are located at different heights; the extension body 982c is in strip shape, which is at the same height as the connecting body 981e, is spaced apart from each other, and are located together at the edge interface on the same side of the accommodating space.

[0513] The connecting body 981 / extension body 982 may be formed integrally with the support portion 80, or the connecting body 981 / extension body 982 may be an additional component (either formed separately and then connected to the support portion 80, or provided before fixing the contents, etc.). The wall panels, filling surfaces, polymer material layers, partitions, etc. described in other embodiments may be used as the connecting body 981 / extension body 982. If provided before resistance welding is performed, the connecting body 981 / extension body 982 is preferably made of a conductive material (such as a solid or high-density porous structure).

[0514] An example of a holding space, such as Fig.72As shown, it includes: a connector 981, surrounding (on both sides or above) support parts 80, and the intermediate body 20 within the accommodating space is provided with a notch; the connector 981 is located above the notch. The support part 80 is inserted into the first porous structure 10 and connected to the intermediate body 20 adjacent to the accommodating space, and the connector 981 separates the first porous structure 10 above. In this way, a accommodating space 460 with a pocket structure is formed between the connector 981, the support part 80, and the substrate below the notch of the intermediate body 20 (not shown in the figure). Fig.76 As shown, the container (entity 61) can be tightly matched with the surrounding support part 80; or, the container (entity 61) can be carried by the base 30 below the notch of the intermediate body 20; or, the container is fixedly connected to at least one side of the components (such as the coupling body 981, the support part 80, the base 30), and the arrangement of the container is not limited to these examples. The notch opened in the intermediate body 20 can be used as a channel or opening of the accommodation space 460; the channel or opening can also be opened in other positions (such as the coupling body 981, the support part 80, etc.).

[0515] An example of a holding space, such as Fig.75 As shown, it includes: a coupling body 981, supporting parts 80 around (on both sides or above), and a notch is provided in the intermediate body 20 within the range of the accommodation space 464, and an extension body 982 is formed in the notch. The supporting part 80 is inserted into the first porous structure 10 and connected to the intermediate body 20 adjacent to the accommodation space. The coupling body 981 is arranged above the notch of the intermediate body 20 and the extension body 982 to separate the first porous structure 10 above. In this way, a pocket structure with a closed bottom is formed between the coupling body 981, the supporting part 80, and the intermediate body 20 with the extension body 982, which serves as the accommodation space 464.

[0516] The extension body 982 of this example can be constructed by a part of the intermediate body 20; it can also be an additional component, and its material, thickness, height from the base 30, etc. can be the same or different from those of the intermediate body 20. Fig.75 The extension bodies 982 on the left and right sides shown in the figure can be different parts of the same extension body (a ring-shaped extension body 982d as shown in FIG. 84); or they can be two independent extension bodies (such as Fig.85 The extension bodies 982e) shown are each connected to the support portion 80 on a corresponding side, and the material, thickness, height from the base 30, etc. of the two extension bodies can be the same or different.

[0517] After the container of suitable shape and size is placed in the storage space, the edge of the container can be supported by the extension body 982 to prevent it from falling, and it can also be further fixedly connected with the extension body 982 when necessary ( Fig.77An example is also shown in which the entity 61 is clamped between the extensions 982 on both sides). Other parts of the contents may not be in contact with the base 30, the coupling 981, the support portion 80, etc. below the notch of the intermediate body 20; or, the contents may be carried by the base 30 (or by both the base 30 and the extension 982); or, the contents may be further connected to one or more of the base 30, the coupling 981, and the support portion 80, and the arrangement of the contents is not limited to these examples. The notch provided in the intermediate body 20 may serve as a passage or opening of the accommodation space; the passage or opening may also be provided at other locations (such as the coupling 981, the support portion 80, the extension, etc.).

[0518] For example, Fig.78 The accommodating space 465 shown is formed through the upper connecting body 981, the supporting part 80, the intermediate body 20 with a notch and an extension body 982, to form a pocket structure similar to a closed bottom; the connecting body 981 is provided with a plurality of through holes 78, which can be connected to the first porous structure 10 above the connecting body 981 and then connected to the external open space.

[0519] An example of a holding space, such as Fig.79 As shown, it includes: a first coupling body 981a at the top, a supporting part 80 around (on both sides or above), and a second coupling body 981b at the bottom. The supporting part 80 is inserted into the first porous structure 10 and connected to the intermediate body 20 next to the accommodating space. The first coupling body 981a separates the first porous structure 10 at the top. The second coupling body 981b can be a part of the intermediate body 20, or a component independent of the intermediate body 20. The two ends of the second coupling body 981b are respectively connected to the supporting parts 80 on both sides. If it is an independently formed component, the material, thickness, height from the substrate 30, etc. of the second coupling body 981b can be the same as or different from the intermediate body 20. The contents placed in the storage space can be supported by the second connecting body 981b, and can be fixedly connected to the second connecting body 981b when necessary; the other parts of the contents may not be in contact with the first connecting body 981a and the support part 80, or may be further connected to the first connecting body 981a and / or the support part 80.

[0520] For example, Fig.79 , Fig.80The accommodating spaces 466 and 467 shown in the figure each include a first connecting body 981a, a supporting portion 80, and a second connecting body 981b; the first connecting body 981a is provided with a plurality of through holes 78, which can be connected to the first porous structure 10 above the connecting body 981 and then to the external open space; the second connecting body 981b is provided with a plurality of through holes 79, which can be connected to the gap below the second connecting body 981b, and then to the gap between the protruding structure 21 and the base 30. Fig.79 The through hole 79 is open, Fig.80 The through hole 79 is closed by the closing body 95. For another example, Fig.81 The accommodating space 468 shown includes a first connecting body 981a, a supporting portion 80, and a second connecting body 981b; the first connecting body 981a is provided with a plurality of through holes 78, which can be connected to the first porous structure 10 above the connecting body 981 and then to the external open space, and the through holes 78 are closed by the closing body 96; the second connecting body 981b has no through holes.

[0521] In the above examples, in addition to forming the channel or opening of the accommodating space in a certain connecting body 981 / extension body 982 (or support portion 80), it is also possible to not install a certain connecting body 981 / extension body 982 (or support portion 80) to its designed position first, leaving the designed position as a channel or opening for the storage object to be placed, and then install the connecting body 981 / extension body 982 (or support portion 80) in place to close the channel or opening.

[0522] For the above Fig.72 , Fig.75 , Fig.79 There are three examples, the support part 80 corresponds to at least two sides of the accommodation space, such as the left and right directions shown in the figure (each side has at least one); the edge interface corresponding to the front / rear direction of the paper may have one or more support parts 80, or there may be no support part 80. According to the different requirements for the closure of the accommodation space, the shape and use of the contents, or the connection requirements, the adjacent support parts 80 (such as each side of the left, right, front, and rear) may be connected with other connecting bodies 981 and / or extension bodies 982, or there may be no connecting body 981 or extension body 982 and directly face the first porous structure 10 outside the range of the accommodation space (even in some examples, it can be connected to the external open space, or to the intermediate body 20 or substrate 30 adjacent to a side of the accommodation space).

[0523] For the above Fig.72 , Fig.75 , Fig.79In the three examples, the distance between the upper coupling body 981 (or the first coupling body 981a) and the base 30 and the lower extension body 982 (or the second coupling body 981b) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the contents (when placed). The figure is illustrated by taking the base 30, the extension body 982, and the second coupling body 981b as an example of bearing at the bottom of the contents. If the entire structure has a change in orientation (for example, the orientation difference between production and use, or the orientation change during use), the component structures in other directions (the upper coupling body 981 / the first coupling body 981a, the support part 80, the first porous structure 10 around, etc.) can also fix the contents alone or in combination (such as bearing, connecting, tight fitting or limiting, etc.). Some orientations that are not in contact with or connected to the contents can be open, and on the basis of ensuring that the contents can be fixed, a part of the contents is allowed to exceed these open boundaries (that is, exceed certain boundary ranges of the containing space).

[0524] In this embodiment, the support portion 80 with the connecting body 981 or the extending body 982, and the accommodating space or the properties related thereto, can be applied in other embodiments.

[0525] Embodiment 7

[0526] like Figures 86 to 93 As shown, in this embodiment, some deformation examples of the intermediate body and its application in resistance welding are provided, and the accommodation space is designed and the contents are placed accordingly.

[0527] When laser welding is performed, the welding position between the intermediate body of the composite and the substrate 30 is not specifically limited, and at least one pair of contact surfaces can be selected for welding according to application requirements. The intermediate body 20 of the example includes a bottom, which can be of any shape and size, and is a porous structure or solid body with a density higher than that of the first porous structure 10. Figure 2 The bottom of the intermediate body 20 is in the shape of a thin sheet or a thin plate as a whole; the bottom of the intermediate body 20 is welded and fixed to the top surface of the substrate 30. Alternatively, in some examples, the intermediate body 20 includes a bottom, and extends to at least one side above the bottom to form the periphery of the intermediate body 20; the bottom and the periphery of the intermediate body 20 may have the same or different shapes, sizes (such as thickness), densities, etc.; preferably, the densities of the bottom and the periphery of the intermediate body 20 are higher than the density of the first porous structure 10 (it is a porous structure or a solid body with a higher density).

[0528] Fig.86The case where a recess is provided on the substrate 30 is shown, and the composite of the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate body 20 is embedded in the recess, and the bottom 20a and the periphery 20b of the intermediate body 20 are in contact with the top surface 30a and the side 30b of the recess of the substrate 30, and are welded and fixed at these contact surfaces (symbol 40 schematically indicates that the two are welded). Of course, the present invention does not limit the shape, size or position of the recess on the substrate 30; nor is it limited to other examples, where only the intermediate body 20 and a part of the contact surface of the substrate 30 or its recess are welded and fixed (and no welding is performed between other contact surfaces); for example, only the bottom 20a of the intermediate body 20 is welded with the top surface 30a of the recess of the substrate 30, or only the periphery 20b of the intermediate body 20 is welded with the side 30b of the recess. For another example, in some examples, the composite body may have both a portion embedded in the recess and a portion contacting a non-recessed position of the substrate 30 (such as a portion contacting the surface 33 of the substrate 30 next to the recess opening). These contact portions of the composite body may all be welded to corresponding positions of the substrate 30 or only some of them may be welded to corresponding positions of the substrate 30.

[0529] exist Fig.86 Based on the example, the following structural changes can be made: Fig.86 The side edge 30 b of the recess of the middle base 30 is substantially perpendicular to the top surface 30 a of the recess; the periphery 20 b of the intermediate body 20 is also substantially perpendicular to the bottom 20 a. Fig.87 All sides (two sides in the figure) of the concave portion of the middle base 30 are inclined slopes 321; Figure 5 Part of the side edges of the recessed portion of the middle base 30 are inclined surfaces 321 (in the figure, one side of the recessed portion is an inclined surface, and the other side edge is substantially perpendicular to the top surface of the recessed portion). Figure 4 or Figure 5 In the figure, the inclined side of the recessed portion of the base 30 indicates that a set angle is formed between the side of the recessed portion of the base 30 and the top surface of the recessed portion; the angle is preferably an acute angle; the recessed portion (cross section) is a trapezoid that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and the further away from the top surface of the recessed portion, the smaller the opening of the recess.

[0530] To this end, the periphery of the intermediate body 20 is also correspondingly configured as an inclined slope 221, which also has a set angle (preferably an acute angle) with the bottom of the intermediate body 20; therefore, when the composite of the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate body 20 is embedded in the concave portion, the inclined periphery (slope 221) of the intermediate body 20 can match the inclined side edge (slope 321) of the concave portion of the base 30; the bottom and periphery of the intermediate body 20 are in contact with the top surface and side edge of the concave portion of the base 30, and are welded and fixed on these contact surfaces. The present invention does not specifically limit the location, welding position, shape (such as changing to a curved surface, arc surface, etc.), size, etc. of the contact surface between the intermediate body 20 and the base 30 (or its concave portion), and can be designed according to actual application conditions.

[0531] exist Fig.86 Based on the example, the following structural changes can be made: Fig.92 or Fig.93 In the example, a buckle structure is provided between the contact surface of the concave portion of the base 30 and the intermediate body 20. FIG92 shows that each side edge of the concave portion of the base 30 and each side periphery of the intermediate body 20 (shown as two sides) are provided with a buckle structure; Fig.93 It is shown that a buckle structure is provided on part of the side of the concave part of the base 30 and part of the periphery of the intermediate body 20 (one side has the buckle structure, but the other side does not). The buckle structure is, for example, a limit opening 322 is provided on the side of the concave part, such as a concave hole or a groove; accordingly, a limit protrusion 222 is provided on the periphery of the intermediate body 20, such as a pin or a strip, which can be embedded in the limit opening 322 at the corresponding position. When the composite of the first porous structure 10 and the intermediate body 20 is embedded in the concave part, the intermediate body 20 and the concave part of the base 30 are positioned by the buckle structure, and the bottom and periphery of the intermediate body 20 are in contact with the top surface and side of the concave part of the base 30, and are respectively welded and fixed at these contact surfaces.

[0532] Fig.92 or Fig.93The limiting protrusion 222 in the buckle structure shown is generally extended laterally outward from the bottom of the intermediate body 20, and is basically located at the junction of the periphery and the bottom of the intermediate body 20 (the corresponding position of the limiting opening 322 on the base 30); in other examples, the protrusion in the buckle structure can be formed at other positions around the intermediate body 20 and / or the bottom of the intermediate body 20 (the limiting opening is set at the corresponding position on the base 30), not limited to the junction of the periphery and the bottom. Alternatively, under the premise of not affecting the embedding of the composite, the protrusion in the buckle structure can also be formed on the top surface and / or side of the base 30 (the limiting opening is set at the corresponding position on the intermediate body 20). Therefore, the present invention does not specifically limit the components, positions, shapes, sizes, etc. of the buckle structure, and can be designed according to actual application conditions.

[0533] The inclined surface structure and the snap-fit ​​structure of the contact part between the concave part of the base 30 and the intermediate body 20 in the above-mentioned examples can be set separately or in combination. These structures are collectively referred to as positioning structures, which are mainly used to ensure that the base 30 and the intermediate body 20 can be closely attached to each other without displacement when welding them; and after welding is completed, they can also play an auxiliary fixing role.

[0534] In this embodiment, the positioning structures such as the inclined surface or the limit opening at the contact surface of the substrate 30 can be formed together when the substrate 30 body is formed by a molding process, or can be formed by machining means after the substrate 30 body is formed. The intermediate body 20 is preferably pre-connected or integrally formed with the first porous structure 10. The positioning structures such as the inclined surface or the limit protrusion at the contact surface of the intermediate body 20 are preferably integrally formed with other parts of the intermediate body 20, and are made by 3D printing or other processes (but not limited to some examples, after the intermediate body 20 body is formed, a certain machining means is used to form structures such as inclined surfaces or protrusions).

[0535] When the above-mentioned connection structures are used to set up the accommodation space, Fig.89 , Fig.90 , Fig.91As shown, at least a portion of each of the accommodating spaces 444 to 449 is provided in the first porous structure 10 (the accommodating space 449 is completely formed in the first porous structure 10 and is not in direct contact with the intermediate body 20 or the substrate 30). In some examples, the bottom or periphery of the intermediate body 20 on the side adjacent to the first porous structure 10 can serve as the edge interface of the accommodating space alone or in combination; the bottom or periphery of the intermediate body 20 can maintain the shape when it is manufactured or laser welded (such as the intermediate body 20 adjacent to the accommodating spaces 444 and 448), or the bottom or periphery of the intermediate body 20 can be processed (such as forming a notch therein to expand the accommodating space, etc., such as the intermediate body 20 adjacent to the accommodating spaces 445 and 447).

[0536] In some examples, the notch formed at a bottom or periphery of the intermediate body 20 is not through-through, and the edge interface of the accommodating space in the corresponding direction is located inside the intermediate body 20; or, the bottom or periphery of the intermediate body 20 is through-through, and the edge interface of the accommodating space is further extended to the top surface or side of the recessed portion of the base 30 (such as the intermediate body 20 adjacent to the accommodating space 446).

[0537] When the bottom or periphery of the intermediate body 20 is used as an edge interface, or when the top surface or side edge of the concave portion of the base 30 is used as an edge interface, the contained object or its encapsulation can be fixed (carrying, connecting, tight fitting, limiting, etc.) alone or in combination with the edge interface in other directions. The channel or opening of the accommodating space can be opened at the bottom or periphery of the intermediate body 20, the top surface or side edge of the concave portion of the base 30, etc. (for example, Fig.89 The arrow 77 schematically represents a channel that runs from the side 30b of the base 30 through the periphery 20b of the intermediate body 20 and connects to the accommodating space 444).

[0538] The aforementioned accommodation space or the channel / opening therein may be arranged to avoid the location of the positioning structure (corresponding inclined surface on the contact surface or matching protrusion and limit opening, etc.). Alternatively, if it does not affect the use of other positioning structures, it may be allowed to arrange the aforementioned accommodation space or the channel / opening therein at a part of the positioning structure. Alternatively, if the positioning structure mainly plays a role in the welding process, if the accommodation space or the channel / opening therein is arranged after welding, the location of the positioning structure may not be avoided, or the positioning structure may be further used to arrange the edge interface of the accommodation space or to open the channel or opening of the accommodation space.

[0539] In this embodiment, the structure in which the bottom / periphery of the intermediate body 20 cooperates with the top surface or side of the recessed portion of the base 30, and the characteristics of the accommodation space or the contents related thereto, can be applied to other embodiments.

[0540] Embodiment 8

[0541] like Figures 94 to 113 As shown, in this embodiment, some examples of the intermediate body in the form of an anchor point and its application in resistance welding are provided, and the accommodation space is designed and the contents are placed accordingly.

[0542] For the aforementioned embodiment seven, the intermediate roughly includes a bottom (or includes a bottom and a periphery at the same time), and the bottom is roughly in the shape of a thin sheet or a thin plate; the shape and size of an intermediate (or a plurality of intermediates combined) can be basically consistent with the shape and size of the connection area on the substrate; the connection area between the intermediate and the substrate is welded, so that the first porous structure that forms a composite with the intermediate covers the connection area of ​​the substrate, constituting an exposed surface at the connection area.

[0543] The main difference from Example 7 is that in Example 8, in the connection structure between the first porous structure and the substrate, the intermediate between the first porous structure and the substrate is in the form of an anchor point, and the first porous structure and the plurality of anchor points form a composite body, and the composite body is connected to the substrate by welding the anchor points and the substrate. In this embodiment, the anchor point can be solid, or a porous structure with a higher density than the first porous structure.

[0544] <Freestanding anchor structure>

[0545] Fig.94 It is a top view when an independent anchor structure is set, and the intermediate bodies in the form of anchors are independent of each other and are distributed in the first porous structure 10, which is called an independent anchor structure 200; Figure 95 to Figure 97 There are three examples, corresponding to Fig.94 The side view along the AA direction is shown. In the example, a substrate 30 with a recess is used, and the composite of the independent anchor structure 200 or 210 and the first porous structure 10 is embedded in the recess of the substrate 30 (other types of substrates 30 may be used to connect with the composite of this example).

[0546] Fig.95 Each of the illustrated independent anchor structures 200 comprises a bottom portion, and the top of the bottom portion of each independent anchor structure 200 is separated to leave a gap 113 , in which the first porous structure 10 is not formed. Fig.96 Each of the illustrated independent anchor structures 200 comprises a bottom portion, and no space is left above the bottom portion of each independent anchor structure 200 , which is filled with the first porous structure 10 . Fig.95 Or the bottom of each independent anchor structure 200 shown in Figure 96 is welded and fixed to the corresponding position of the top surface of the recessed portion of the base 30 (the symbol 40 in the figure schematically indicates that the connection between the two parts is welding), so as to achieve a reliable connection between the composite and the base 30.

[0547] Fig.97 Each independent anchor structure 210 shown includes a bottom and a periphery; the height of the side of the recessed portion of the base 30 and the height of the periphery of the independent anchor structure 210 may be equal or unequal (e.g., the periphery of the anchor does not exceed the height of the side of the recessed portion). In this example, a gap 114 is left above the bottom of the anchor and in the space surrounded by the periphery, and the first porous structure 10 is not formed; welding is performed in the gap 114 to weld and fix the bottom of each independent anchor structure 210 to the corresponding position of the top surface of the recessed portion of the base 30, so as to achieve a reliable connection between the composite and the base 30. When the periphery or bottom of the independent anchor structure 210 corresponds to a certain edge interface of the accommodation space, it is allowed to open a channel or opening thereto.

[0548] Preferably, Figure 95 to Figure 97 The examples all use laser welding ( Fig.97 The freestanding anchor structure 210 including the perimeter shown can also be used for resistance welding). After welding is completed, Fig.95 or Fig.97 The reserved spaces 113 and 114 can be used as storage spaces to place items. Fig.99 The independent anchor point 200 on the left side is shown to support the entity 61 placed in the gap 113 , and the gap 113 is further expanded above the independent anchor point 200 in the middle to form a receiving space 453 . Fig.98 It is shown that a plurality of independent anchor points 200 are supporting an entity 61 , and the first porous structure 10 above the independent anchor points 200 forms a recessed space for placing the entity 61 . Fig.100 FIG. 4 shows an example in which the accommodation space 455 is completely formed in the first porous structure 10. For another example, Fig.101 The left gap 114 contains scattered contents, and the middle gap 114 is embedded with a solid body 61 (the solid body 61 may partially protrude beyond the top surface of the first porous structure 10); the periphery of the middle and right independent anchor structures 210 may directly become the edge interface of a containing space 451 therebetween.

[0549] Fig.95 or Fig.97 For example, these gaps 113 and 114 can also be used to set an embedded structure formed at the container (or its encapsulation, the edge interface of the entity of the accommodating space, etc.) (see Example 5 for coordination; Fig.99 The embedded structure 483 at the bottom of the solid edge interface of the accommodation space 454 is inserted into the gap 113 on the right side; Fig.101The embedded structure 483 at the bottom of the edge interface of the receiving space 452 is inserted into the gap 114 on the right side. If the embedding is a tight fit, the entity such as the content can be fixed thereby; otherwise, the first porous structure 10 beside the gap 113 or 114 or the periphery of the anchor point or the side of the substrate 30 can be matched to fix the entity such as the content. For example, the content can be located on the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and can be further supported or connected by the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (the top surface can maintain the original flush state or form a downward depression to place the content), or the entity such as the content can also be suspended in the air without contacting the top surface of the first porous structure 10. Fig.96 There is no pre-formed gap in the structure, but it is possible that a portion of the bracket / beam located above the independent anchor structure 200 is cut off during laser welding to form a similar Fig.95 The gap 113 is formed, or the first porous structure 10 above the independent anchor structure 200 is directly removed after welding to form a similar Fig.95 The gap 113 is used to place the contents or fix the embedded structure.

[0550] The independent anchor structures 200 and 210 in the above-mentioned examples are not arranged at the edge of the composite body; the first porous structure 10 at the edge is located between the periphery of the corresponding independent anchor structures 210 and the side of the concave portion of the substrate 30, and directly contacts the side of the concave portion of the substrate 30 (the contact between the two can be maintained only ( Fig.97 ); or in some examples, the welding between the anchor point and the substrate 30 is still the main method, and a welding point is added between the first porous structure 10 and the side of the concave portion of the substrate 30). Fig.97 As a variation example, the anchor point can be set to the edge of the composite body, so that the periphery of the independent anchor point structure 210 closer to the edge directly contacts the side of the concave portion of the base 30; or welding points can be added to the periphery of the independent anchor point structure 210 and the side of the concave portion of the base 30; or, a matching inclined surface and / or snap-fit ​​positioning structure can be further provided between the two. Then, based on the periphery of the independent anchor point structure 210 and the side of the concave portion of the base 30, the contents of setting the accommodation space and the contents, and opening the channel / opening can also refer to the structure of the bottom / periphery of the intermediate body matching with the top surface or side of the concave portion of the base described in Example 7.

[0551] <Linked anchor structure>

[0552] For the above-mentioned independent anchor structure, several intermediate bodies in the form of anchors are independent of each other and form a complex with the first porous structure; the shape and size of a complex (or a combination of multiple complexes) can be basically consistent with the shape and size of the connection area on the substrate; the independent anchor structure is welded to the corresponding points of the connection area of ​​the substrate, so that the composite covers the connection area of ​​the substrate, (mainly with the first porous structure) forming an exposed surface of the connection area.

[0553] In the connection structure between the first porous structure and the substrate in this example, the intermediate body between the first porous structure and the substrate uses a connected anchor structure, that is, it includes multiple anchors, and each anchor is connected to at least one other anchor through a connecting body. The first porous structure, the anchor and their connecting body form a composite body, and the composite body is connected to the substrate by welding the anchor and the substrate.

[0554] The material of the connector and the anchor point is consistent, and the shape can be the same or different; the anchor point can be solid, or a porous structure with a higher density than the first porous structure; the connector between the anchor points can be solid, or a porous structure with a higher density than the first porous structure; when the anchor point and the connector are both porous structures, the density of the two can be consistent or inconsistent. The anchor point and the connector are preferably integrally formed by 3D printing or other methods; but not limited to some examples, the two are formed separately (assisted by machining) and then combined together.

[0555] Fig.102 It is a top view of a connected anchor structure, where a plurality of anchors 220 and a connecting body 250 connecting some of the anchors 220 are located in the first porous structure 10. The shape (such as strips or sheets, etc., regular or irregular) and size of the connecting body 250 are not limited; the anchors 220 connected to each other by the connecting body 250 can be adjacent or non-adjacent.

[0556] Figure 103 to Figure 107 are five examples of linked anchor structures, corresponding to Fig.102 The side view along the AA direction is shown. In the example, a substrate 30 with a concave portion is used, and the composite of the connecting anchor structure and the first porous structure 10 is embedded in the concave portion of the substrate 30 (other types of substrates 30 may be used to connect with the composite of this example).

[0557] Fig.103 or Fig.104In the illustrated connecting anchor structure, welding is performed at intervals, and the positions of the welding points correspond to the anchors 220, and the connecting body 250 is between the anchors 220 (the anchors 220 and the connecting body 250 in these two examples may have the same shape and are extensions of the same component). That is, the bottom of each anchor 220 is welded and fixed to the corresponding position of the top surface of the concave portion of the substrate 30, so as to realize a reliable connection between the composite body and the substrate 30. Among them, a first porous structure 10 is formed above the connecting body 250; Fig.13 A gap 115 is left above each anchor point 220, and there is no first porous structure 10 in the gap 115; Fig.104 There is no space above each anchor point 220 , which is filled with the first porous structure 10 .

[0558] Figures 105 to 107 The anchor points shown are of a different morphology than the linker itself. Fig.105 Each anchor point 230 in includes a bottom and a periphery, and each link includes a bottom 251 (in contrast, Fig.103 Or the anchor point 220 and the coupling body 250 of FIG. 104 each include a bottom); the bottom of some anchor points 230 is connected to the bottom 251 of the corresponding coupling body. The height of the side of the recessed portion of the substrate 30 and the height of the periphery of the anchor point 230 may be equal or unequal (e.g., the periphery of the anchor point 230 does not exceed the height of the side of the recessed portion). In this example, a gap 116 is left above the bottom of the anchor point 230 and in the space surrounded by the periphery, and the first porous structure 10 is not formed; welding is performed in the gap 116 to weld and fix the bottom of each anchor point 230 to the corresponding position of the top surface of the recessed portion of the substrate 30, thereby realizing a reliable connection between the composite body (first porous structure 10) and the substrate 30.

[0559] Then, based on Figure 103 to Figure 105 For example, by forming a gap 115 or 116 above the anchor point 230 in advance or later, after welding, the gap 115 or 116 can be used as a receiving space to place the contents. Alternatively, these gaps 115 or 116 are used to set an embedded structure formed at the contents (or its encapsulation, the edge interface of the entity of the receiving space, etc.) (see Example 5; and see Fig.99 , Fig.101The example of arranging the contents in the gap 113 or 146 shown in the figure). If the embedding is a tight fit, the contents can be fixed therein; otherwise, the contents can be fixed by the first porous structure 10 near the gap 115 or 116 or the periphery of the anchor point or the side of the substrate 30. For example, the contents can be located on the top surface of the first porous structure 10, and can be further supported or connected by the top surface of the first porous structure 10 (the top surface can maintain the original flush state or form a downward depression to place the contents), or the contents can be suspended in the air without contacting the top surface of the first porous structure 10.

[0560] For example, Fig.109 As shown, some anchor points 220 may be connected to the top of the coupling body 250 , for example, the gap 115 may be enlarged to construct a receiving space 457 . Fig.110 As shown, the accommodating space 458 is partially opened in the first porous structure 10, and the lower part passes through the coupling body 250 and extends to the groove at the base; alternatively, the coupling body 250 can directly support the entity 61 above. Fig.111 As shown, the periphery of a left anchor point 230 is removed to form a gap on the bottom 251 of the connecting body between the anchor point 230 and the adjacent anchor point to construct a receiving space 456, and the left periphery of a middle anchor point 230 serves as the edge interface on the right side of the receiving space 456, and the receiving space 456 is connected to the external open space.

[0561] Fig.106 or Fig.107 Each connecting part includes a bottom 251 and a side wall 252 set on its bottom 251; each anchor point 240 includes a bottom. The bottom of some anchor points 240 is connected to the bottom 251 of the corresponding connecting body (it can be a lateral extension of a part). The height of the side edge of the recessed portion of the base 30 and the height of the side wall 252 of the connecting body can be equal or unequal (for example, the side wall 252 of the connecting body does not exceed the height of the side edge of the recessed portion). The side walls 252 of different connecting bodies can have the same or different heights (see Fig.106 , Fig.107 ). In this example, there is no gap above the bottom of the anchor point 240, which is filled with the first porous structure 10 (it is not limited to using anchor points with gaps above the bottom in other examples not shown); the bottom of each anchor point 240 is welded and fixed to the corresponding position of the top surface of the concave portion of the substrate 30 to achieve a reliable connection between the composite and the substrate 30.

[0562] Then, the side wall 252 of the connecting portion can be used as a side edge interface of the accommodation space (such as Fig.108The side wall 252 of the connection portion is used to connect the entity 61); the bottom 251 of the connection portion, alone or together with the anchor point 240 connected thereto, can also serve as a side edge interface of the accommodation space. The edge interface can be used alone or in conjunction with other edge interfaces of the accommodation space, or in conjunction with other components (the first porous structure 10, the substrate 30, other intermediates, etc.) to fix (carry, connect, fit tightly or limit) the contents. For example, Fig.112 The side walls 252 of the middle connecting body have the same height and are all lower than the top surface of the first porous structure 10 , so the space here is used to place the entity 61 and support it from the top of the side wall 252 .

[0563] Preferably, each example uses laser welding (and Fig.105 The anchor points shown include the surrounding Fig.106 or Fig.107 The connecting part including the side wall can also be used for resistance welding). When the periphery or bottom of the anchor point, the bottom or side wall of the connecting part corresponds to a certain edge interface of the accommodation space, it is allowed to open a channel or opening thereon (such as Fig.109 Arrow 78' schematically indicates a passage from the outside through the base and the connecting portion 250 and then connected to the accommodating space 457; Fig.113 An opening 78" is provided in the side wall 252 of the coupling portion.

[0564] Figure 103 to Figure 107 In the example, the connecting anchor structure is not arranged at the edge of the composite; the first porous structure 10 at the edge is located between the side of the recessed portion of the substrate 30 and some corresponding connecting anchor structures (such as the periphery of the anchor 230 or the side wall 252 of the connecting body); the first porous structure 10 at the edge is directly in contact with the side of the recessed portion of the substrate 30 (only the contact between the two can be maintained; or in some examples, the welding of the anchor and the substrate 30 is still the main method, and welding points are added between the first porous structure 10 and the side wall of the recessed portion of the substrate 30).

[0565] As a variation, in some other examples, at least part of the anchor points and / or at least part of the coupling bodies of the coupling anchor structure can be set to the edge of the composite body; when the anchor point with a periphery / coupling body with a side wall is at the edge, the periphery of the anchor point / side wall of the coupling body can directly contact the side wall of the base recess; or, welding points can be added between the periphery of the anchor point / side wall of the coupling body and the side edge of the base recess, or, matching inclined surfaces and / or snaps and other positioning structures can be further set between the periphery of the anchor point / side wall of the coupling body and the side edge of the base recess (see Example 1). In addition, the combined anchor structures in the illustrations are all located at the bottom of the composite body, and in some examples, several combined anchor structures can be set at the periphery of the composite body (such as contacting the side edge of the base recess) individually or in combination.

[0566] Then, based on the anchor with periphery / connecting body with side walls and the side of the base recess of the connecting anchor structure, the accommodating space and the contents are set, and the channels / openings are opened. The structure of the bottom / periphery of the intermediate body and the top surface or side of the base recess described in Example 7 can also be referred to.

[0567] In this embodiment, the independent anchor structure or the coupled anchor structure, and the characteristics of the accommodation space or the contents related thereto, can be applied in other embodiments.

[0568] Embodiment 9

[0569] The contents in this embodiment are sensors, and the storage space can use any of the structures and arrangements described in the above embodiments. The type and use of sensors are not limited; for example, they are mechanical sensors, molecular sensors, chemical sensors, biochemical sensors, etc. The descriptions of the selection of sensor types and modules, the structural arrangement of the storage space, and the design of the channels in this embodiment are all illustrative and not limiting.

[0570] Cooperate Fig.75 , Fig.114 As shown, a pocket-like structure with a closed bottom is formed between the coupling body 981 , the supporting portion 80 , the intermediate body 20 with the notch and the extension body 982 , serving as an accommodating space 464 ; the sensor 500 is placed in the accommodating space 464 .

[0571] In the embodiments, when the connection structure of connecting the substrate and the composite body including the first porous structure and the intermediate body is used to form a prosthesis implanted in the human body, the sensor may preferably be a temperature sensor to obtain the human body temperature near the implantation site. When the prosthesis is infected, the temperature will increase, and the temperature change can be detected by the temperature sensor to issue a prompt.

[0572] The sensor may be equipped with an energy storage element (such as a battery) to maintain its power supply during standby and / or use. Alternatively, the sensor may have a power receiving coil and necessary auxiliary elements (for conversion, transmission, etc.), which cooperate with an external power transmission coil to obtain power through wireless charging technology and transmit it to the energy storage element or the core sensing element of the sensor through the line.

[0573] Alternatively, the sensor is connected to a conductive cable, which can be inserted into the pores of the first porous structure; alternatively, the conductive cable can be inserted between the raised structures under the intermediate body; alternatively, one or more of the intermediate body, the support portion, and the coupling body can be provided with a channel or opening for the conductive cable to be inserted; alternatively, a channel or opening can also be provided on the substrate for the conductive cable to be inserted. The channel on the intermediate body and / or the substrate can be in the form of an unclosed groove, or can be a pipe with openings only at the input and output ends. The above methods can be used in combination according to the actual arrangement of the conductive cables.

[0574] The input end of the conductive cable may be connected to an energy storage power supply device, which may be located at the base, at another accommodation space, or may be a device implanted in the body alone, or may be a device located outside the body; or, the input end of the conductive cable may be formed with an interface, which is located on the body surface and is connected to an external power source when charging or power is required. In addition to power supply, the arrangement of the above cables can also be analogized to the arrangement of signal transmission cables, and the two cables and their channels may be independent of each other or shared. This embodiment can be further expanded to the case where the contents are various other electrical devices.

[0575] The accommodation space is provided with channels or openings communicating with the outside, and the sensor probe can be directed toward some of the channels or openings. Fig.78 , Fig.115 As shown, a pocket structure similar to a bottom with a closing is formed between the coupling 981, the support 80, the intermediate body 20 with a notch and the extension 982, as a receiving space 465; the sensor 500 itself can be left in the receiving space 465, so that its probe 553 can extend out of the receiving space 465 through the channel or opening, so as to conveniently approach the measured part to collect detection information. The sensor 500 of this example can be placed in the receiving space 465 through the notch at the intermediate body 20, carried by the extension 982 inside the notch of the intermediate body 20, and fixed by several support parts 80 at the receiving space 465, the coupling 981 between the support parts 80, and the extension 982 at the notch (may be in other directions, such as the front and back of the paper, etc., and the first porous structure 10 is also used for matching and fixing). The coupling 981 is provided with several through holes 78 connected to the outside, and the probe 553 of the sensor 500 extends from the through hole 78 and is inserted into the first porous structure 10 above the receiving space 456. The sensor 500 of this example transmits signals and electrical energy through a cable 555, which is arranged in the gap between the protruding structure 21 below the intermediate body 20 and the base 30, and is connected to the sensor 500 after passing through the notch of the intermediate body 20. Fig.116As shown, the cable 555 can also be arranged through the groove 301 opened on the surface of the substrate 30, and connected to the sensor 500 after passing through the notch at the intermediate body 20. This is also applicable in examples where the intermediate body 20 is not provided with a protruding structure 21 or in examples where the protruding structure 21 is very close to the substrate 30 after welding.

[0576] In another example, with Fig.78 , Fig.117 As shown, a pocket structure with a closed bottom is formed between the coupling body 981, the support part 80, the intermediate body 20 with a notch and the extension body 982, as a receiving space 465; the sensor is provided with a wireless charging module 551 connected with its core sensing detection module 500', which is placed in the receiving space 465 together or separately through the notch at the intermediate body 20, and is carried by the extension body 982 inside the notch of the intermediate body 20, and is fixed by the support part 80 at the receiving space 465, the coupling body 981 between the support parts 80, and the extension body 982 at the notch (it may also be fixed in other directions by the first porous structure 10); the sensor is provided with an antenna 552, which is connected to the wireless charging module 551 and / or the sensing detection module 500' to transmit electrical energy and / or signals. The antenna 552 and the probe 553 of the sensor extend out from a plurality of through holes 78 opened on the coupling body 981. The exemplary wireless charging module 551 can perform wireless charging and information transmission based on NFC (Near Field Communication) technology. Fig.118 As shown, an electromagnetic signal trigger switch 554 (such as a Hall switch, etc.) can be further configured in the accommodation space to convert the obtained magnetic induction signal into a corresponding electrical signal, thereby controlling the operation of the sensor by receiving external instructions. The sensor detection module 500', the wireless charging module 551, the electromagnetic signal trigger switch 554, etc. can be independent devices or packaged as one.

[0577] In this embodiment, the sensor and the containing space in which it is located, as well as the substrate, the intermediate body, the first porous structure and other related features in the connecting structure can be applied in other embodiments.

[0578] Embodiment 10

[0579] The contents in this embodiment are drugs. The types of drugs are not limited, and the uses are not limited. In the above examples, the structures and arrangements of the storage spaces with channels or openings connected to the outside can be applied in this embodiment. The description of the drug form, the structural arrangement of the storage space, and the design of the channels in this embodiment are all schematic and not limiting.

[0580] The example connection structure is a prosthesis implanted in the human body, which can prevent or treat infection around the prosthesis by placing drugs in the accommodation space. The channel or opening opened in the accommodation space is used to insert drugs into the accommodation space and / or to release drugs; the input channel and output channel (output port and input port) of the drug can be independent of each other or shared. The direction, position and size of each channel / opening can be determined according to the actual application without limitation.

[0581] For example, the accommodation space includes a support portion and a connection body between the support portions; Fig.79 As shown, the connecting body includes a first connecting body 981a located at the top, a second connecting body 981b located at the bottom (the second connecting body 981b is independent or part of the intermediate body), and several other connecting bodies connected to the support part 80 in other directions (such as front, back, left, right, etc. on the paper).

[0582] For example, the drug delivery channel / output port can be provided on the first coupling body 981a, such as a plurality of through holes 78 on the first coupling body 981a, and the released drug diffuses through the first porous structure 10 above the first coupling body 981a and is delivered to the human body part that is closely integrated with the first porous structure 10. Of course, depending on the application, the drug delivery channel / output port can also be provided on the second coupling body 981b, such as a plurality of through holes 79 on the second coupling body 981b (released in the direction of the intermediate body 20 and the substrate 30), or provided on the support part 80 or other coupling bodies (released in other directions).

[0583] For example, the input channel / input port of the drug can be provided on the first coupling body 981a or the second coupling body 981b, such as a plurality of through holes 78 or 79 on the corresponding coupling body; the input channel / input port can also be provided on the support portion 80 or other coupling bodies as needed. In some examples, the through hole 78 on the first coupling body 981a serves as both an input channel / input port and an output channel / output port (see FIG. 81). In some examples, a delivery channel (such as a groove or a pipe form) is further provided on the substrate 30, and the outlet of the delivery channel is connected to the input channel / input port on the second coupling body 981b, so that the drug enters the accommodation space through the delivery channel of the substrate 30 and the input channel / input port of the second coupling body 981b.

[0584] like Fig.119 , Fig.120As shown, the plurality of through holes formed on the second coupling body 981b are injection holes 793 for drugs, and the plurality of through holes on the first coupling body 981a are release holes 784 for drugs; a groove 301 is formed on the base 30, which is connected to the outside and the injection holes 793, respectively. After the prosthesis is implanted in the human body, the drug 565 is transported through the groove 301 of the base 30 as appropriate, and the drug 565 is transported into the accommodation space through the injection holes 793 of the second coupling body 981b, and the drug 565 is then output to the first porous structure 10 above the first coupling body 981a through the release holes 784 of the first coupling body 981a, and diffused to the human body part combined with it.

[0585] in, Fig.119 A spacing gap is also formed between the protruding structure 21 and the substrate 30. In some cases, the above-mentioned spacing gap corresponding to the second coupling body 981b can be used as an intermediate channel connecting the groove 301 and the injection hole 793 (then the groove 301 can be a top surface of the left half closed, until the groove 301 is provided with an output port on the top surface at the spacing gap corresponding to the second coupling body 981b); FIG. 120 is applicable to an example in which the intermediate body 20 is not provided with a protruding structure 21 or an example in which the protruding structure 21 is very small from the substrate 30 after welding, then the drug 565 delivered through the groove 301 of the substrate 30 is directly connected to the injection hole 793 of the second coupling body 981b (then the groove 301 can be a top surface of the left half closed, until the groove 301 is provided with an output port on the top surface at the spacing gap corresponding to the second coupling body 981b; or, after welding, the intermediate body 20 is tightly fitted with the substrate 30, and the intermediate body 20 is used to connect the drug 565 to the injection hole 793 of the second coupling body 981b. The top surface opening of the left half of the groove 301 of the substrate 20 is closed until the groove 301 extends to the spacing gap corresponding to the second connector 981b, and the drug 565 is output through the opening of the top surface of the groove 301).

[0586] If the drug needs to be released continuously within a short time after insertion, the accommodation space may be open, and the output channel / output port for release is always connected. Alternatively, if the drug is not released immediately after insertion, the accommodation space needs to be relatively closed, and both the input channel / input port and the output channel / output port can be closed. For example, the opening of the input channel is closed after the drug is delivered (the closure can be temporary or permanent), and the opening of the output channel can be temporarily closed and opened to release the drug when in use.

[0587] The closure body used for closure is, for example, a plug, a plug body, a film, or other structures. The closure body can be made of the same material as the components (connecting body, supporting part, intermediate body, etc.) beside the channel opening (thickness, etc. can be similar); the closure body itself can also be a part of these components, which is divided to form the channel opening, and then used to close the opening after the drug is placed. Alternatively, the material, thickness, etc. of the closure body can also be unrelated to the components beside the opening, and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0588] For example, Fig.121 , Fig.122 As shown, an injection hole 791 is formed on the second connecting body 981b and is closed by an injection hole plug 792; before the prosthesis is implanted into the human body, the needle of the syringe is inserted into the injection hole plug 792 to enter the accommodating space and inject the drug 565, and the several through holes on the first connecting body 981a are sustained-release holes 781, through which the drug 565 can be continuously output to the first porous structure 10 above the first connecting body 981a and diffuse to the part of the human body combined with it.

[0589] In some preferred examples, the closing body can be made of a material that can be triggered to open automatically after certain conditions are met. The triggering conditions can be a certain temperature change, a certain pressure change, a certain humidity change, etc., for example, these changes are caused by infection around the prosthesis, or by doctors and others artificially adjusting the relevant conditions around the prosthesis, etc.); or, the material of the closing body can be degraded by itself after a certain period of time; or, the material of the closing body can react with a certain substance to open the closed opening (the substance that triggers the reaction is, for example, generated by the lesions around the prosthesis itself, or it can be injected by a doctor when drug release is needed), thereby controlling the release of drugs according to the different needs of actual applications.

[0590] like Fig.123 , Fig.124 As shown, an injection hole 782 is formed on the first coupling body 981a, which serves as both an input port and an output port and can be closed by a slow-release plug 783; there is no channel or opening on the second coupling body 981b. Before the prosthesis is implanted in the human body, the needle of the syringe is passed through the injection hole 782, enters the accommodation space and injects the drug 565, depending on the situation. The slow-release plug 783 can be applied after the drug 565 is injected, or it can be applied before the injection and passed through by the needle. The slow-release plug 783 itself is made of a material that can be triggered to open automatically when conditions are met, so that the drug 565 can be released as needed.

[0591] For example, the drug may be placed after the complex and the accommodation space therein are formed (assuming that the properties of the drug will not be affected by the connection between the complex and the substrate). Alternatively, the drug may be placed after the complex is connected to the substrate. Alternatively, it may be decided whether to place the drug as needed during the surgery for implanting the prosthesis. Assuming that the opening position of the input channel of the accommodation space or the entrance of the transmission channel on the substrate is relatively fixed, or can be located by auxiliary detection means, the physician can use a syringe or the like to inject the drug into the opening of the input channel or the entrance of the transmission channel, and inject the drug into the accommodation space. Then, for example, after the prosthesis implantation surgery, it may also be determined as needed whether to place the drug or to replenish the released drug. The release of the drug is used to treat lesions such as infection around the prosthesis. The rate of drug release can be controlled by designing the shape, number, caliber, etc. of the output channel / output port.

[0592] The inserted drug can be liquid; it can be determined whether the containing space needs to be closed according to the release requirements. The inserted drug can also be solid, and it can also be determined whether the containing space needs to be closed according to the release requirements. Assuming that its size when inserted is larger than the opening diameter of the output channel, it will not be released immediately after insertion. For example, when certain conditions are met (such as melting when exposed to heat, liquid, etc., degradation after a long time, etc.), the solid form of the drug will change (the particle size becomes smaller or turns into liquid, etc.) and can be output from the output port to act on the parts around the prosthesis. Alternatively, the drug (liquid, powder, etc.) can also be coated externally by a coating (such as a capsule, shell, etc.) to form a relatively stable entity, then the setting of its containing space or channel / opening can refer to the structures recorded in the above embodiments, then the coating needs to be made of a material that can be opened automatically when certain conditions are met, such as temperature / pressure / humidity changes, melting when exposed to liquid, reaction with certain substances, long-term degradation, etc., or the coating itself has a through release channel, and then releases the drug through the release channel or open boundary of the containing space.

[0593] In combination with the contents of the ninth embodiment and the tenth embodiment, in some examples, a sensor and a drug can be set in the same accommodation space of the prosthesis, and the two can be set in different accommodation spaces or in the same accommodation space. Then, when it is determined that the drug needs to be released according to a certain state information detected by the sensor, the drug is released using the various methods described above.

[0594] Among them, the device used to judge the status information, such as a processor, can be integrated with the sensor or set separately, and the power supply method can refer to the power supply method of the sensor; the processor can be set in the same accommodation space as the sensor or the drug, or in different accommodation spaces, or can be set outside the body; the processor and the sensor can be connected by a cable, or information can be transmitted by wireless transmission or other methods.

[0595] After it is determined that release is necessary, the drug release can be performed manually. Alternatively, some trigger devices can be further provided at the prosthesis to release the drug. The trigger device can be located in the storage space where the drug is located, or in another adjacent storage space, or arranged somewhere outside the storage space where the drug is located. The action of the trigger device can act on the enclosure itself to open the passage or opening of the storage space, or can change certain states around the storage space, the enclosure or the drug, so that the trigger conditions for the enclosure to trigger opening and the drug to release automatically are met. For example, after it is determined that the drug needs to be released, a processor, a sensor or an in vitro device, etc., (via a cable or wirelessly) gives an instruction to the trigger device to drive the trigger device to act.

[0596] Alternatively, the release of the drug can be timed. For example, a timer is used to count (or count down), and when the specified time is reached, an instruction is sent to the trigger device to drive the trigger device to operate and release the drug. The timing includes a specified time point and / or a specified time interval, which can be set arbitrarily according to the specific application needs. For example, the drug is released at several specific time points every day; for another example, the time interval between each two drug releases can be set to be the same or different; there is no restriction on the unit of the time interval, which can be a certain number of minutes, hours, days, months, years, etc. The timer or timing device can be independent (a device located inside or outside the body), or it can be implemented by a module built into the processor. Similarly, the sensor can be controlled to start detection at a certain time, and based on the detection results, it is determined whether the drug release needs to be triggered.

[0597] For example, the trigger device can puncture the film used for the sealing body, the capsule wrapping the drug, etc.; or, the trigger device can remove the sealing body (and can reliably fix the removed sealing body), or push the sealing body into the containing space (the sealing body to be pushed in is not easy to leave the containing space, or does not affect the drug release and subsequent use of the prosthesis), so that the channel / opening opens; or, the trigger device can change the temperature, pressure, humidity and other conditions around the sealing body or the drug, or can spray a certain liquid or transport a certain substance that can react with the sealing body or the drug to meet the conditions for triggering the opening of the sealing body or the drug coating, or change the shape of the drug itself to make it suitable for release.

[0598] For another example, drugs that need to be released in stages at different times can be located in different storage spaces, or in different locations separated in the same storage space, or wrapped in corresponding packages; each time the specified time arrives, the trigger device opens the corresponding storage space or package. The trigger device used for each triggering can be the same or different. The trigger device can be disposable or reusable.

[0599] In this embodiment, the drug and its placement and release in the containing space, the sensor and the substrate, intermediate, first porous structure and other related features in the connecting structure can be applied in other embodiments.

[0600] Embodiment 11

[0601] This embodiment provides an artificial implant prosthesis, preferably an orthopedic prosthesis; any one or more connection structures in the above-mentioned embodiments one to eight and their respective variant examples can be used, and the sensors or drugs described in embodiment nine or embodiment ten can be arranged in the accommodating spaces of these connection structures.

[0602] In a preferred example, the main body of the prosthesis corresponds to the substrate in the connecting structure, and at least a portion of the surface of the prosthesis main body serves as a connecting area, connected to a composite body comprising an intermediate and a first porous structure, and through the connection between the composite body and the substrate (preferably welding), at least a portion of the surface of the first porous structure becomes the exposed surface of the prosthesis.

[0603] In a connection structure, a connection area can be set on the substrate, or multiple connection areas that are connected or separated can be set; the structure of the intermediate at each connection area can be the same or different, the connection structure between the complex and the substrate can be the same or different, and the structure of the accommodation space or the contents can be the same or different.

[0604] <Artificial Hip Joint>

[0605] Take the artificial hip joint as an example. The artificial hip joint includes a femoral stem, a femoral ball head (not shown), an acetabular cup, and a liner (not shown), all of which are prostheses made of medical materials that can be implanted in the human body, such as metal materials such as titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, ceramics, polymers such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, but not limited thereto.

[0606] Such as 125~ Fig.126 As shown, the femoral stem 600 includes a head, a neck, and a stem body, which can be integrated or assembled, and are usually made of metal materials. The lower part of the stem body is inserted into the femoral medullary cavity. On the surface of the stem body, for example, a porous structure is formed on the surface of the upper part of the stem body; the lower part of the stem body can have a smooth surface. Figure 127-128 As shown, the acetabular cup 700 in some examples is partially spherical (such as hemispherical) dome-shaped and connected to the acetabular socket. The acetabular cup 700 is usually made of metal material. The outer peripheral surface of the acetabular cup 700 is preferably a porous structure.

[0607] Based on the structures and methods of the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 8 or their variant examples, the handle body 630 of the femoral stem corresponds to the base in the connection structure; the composite body including the intermediate body 620 and the first porous structure 610 is formed as a handle body shell 650 in this example, which covers the connection area of ​​the handle body 630 (proximal end), and the first porous structure 610 covers the connection area on the base by welding the composite body and the base (the handle body 630), thereby forming a porous structure on the surface of the femoral stem. Symbol 640 in the figure schematically indicates that the components are connected by welding. The handle body 630 and the handle body shell 650 (or the intermediate body 620 contained therein) are adapted to each other at the contact and connection parts.

[0608] In this example, the connection area of ​​the femoral stem 600 corresponds to the handle body 630, including the partial surfaces of the upper part (proximal end) of the handle body 630 corresponding to the inner side, rear side, outer side, and front side. The handle body shell 650 includes two shell pieces 650-1 and 650-2, one of which corresponds to a part of the inner surface, the rear surface, and the outer surface of the upper part of the handle body 630; the other shell piece 650-2 corresponds to the remaining part of the inner surface, the front surface, and the remaining part of the outer surface of the upper part of the handle body 630. After the two shell pieces 650-1 and 650-2 are closed, they are respectively in contact with and welded to the corresponding positions of the connection area of ​​the upper part of the handle body 630.

[0609] The porous structure of the outer peripheral surface of the acetabular cup can be similarly realized using the structures and methods of the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 8 or their variant examples. At the acetabular cup 700, the cup body 730 corresponds to the substrate in the connection structure; the composite body including the intermediate body 720 and the first porous structure 710 is formed on the outside of the cup body 730 and covers the connection area of ​​the cup body 730. By welding the composite body and the substrate (cup body 730), the first porous structure 710 covers the connection area on the cup body 730, and the porous structure on the outer peripheral surface of the acetabular cup 700 is obtained. Symbol 740 in the figure schematically indicates that the components are connected by welding. The cup body 730 of the acetabular cup 700 is adapted to the composite body (or the intermediate body 720 contained therein) at the contact and connection parts.

[0610] The entire outer surface of the cup body 730 can be used as a connection area, and an integral composite body can be arranged to contact and weld with the corresponding connection area. The entire outer surface of the cup body 730 can also be divided into multiple independent connection areas (three areas in this example); multiple composite bodies (each of which can be in sheet or other shapes, adapted to the dome-shaped acetabular cup 700; the intermediate body 720 can be arranged separately), and these composite bodies are respectively in contact with the corresponding connection areas on the cup body 730 and welded and fixed. Among them, the exposed outer layer of each composite body is all or most of the first porous structure 710.

[0611] <Intervertebral fusion cage>

[0612] like Fig.129 As shown, in the example intervertebral fusion device 8000, the fusion device body includes an upper end face and a lower end face (corresponding to the inner and outer directions of the paper), which will contact two vertebrae respectively after implantation; the upper and lower end faces are connected to form side walls surrounding them; the upper and lower end faces are provided with one or more through holes 8010 running longitudinally therethrough, which can be used to implant autologous bones or bone substitutes, etc.; the side walls can also be provided with transverse through holes (not shown in the figure) to connect with surrounding bone tissue, etc.

[0613] The fusion device body plays a major role in mechanical support; in order to promote bone ingrowth and accelerate the bony fusion between the upper and lower vertebrae and the fusion device, the first porous structure 8100 can preferably cover the upper and lower end surfaces of the fusion device body; or, at least a portion of the outer surface of the side wall of the fusion device body, and / or at least a portion of the inner surface of the side wall (surrounding the longitudinal / transverse through hole) can also be covered with the first porous structure 8100. The present invention can make the porous structure 8100 on the surface of the intervertebral fusion device 8000 cover a larger area without affecting the structure or strength of the fusion device body itself.

[0614] To this end, the structures and methods of the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 8 or their modified examples can be similarly used in the intervertebral fusion device 8000, where the device body corresponds to the substrate in the connection structure; the complex body including the intermediate body and the first porous structure 8100 covers the connection area of ​​the device body (such as the upper / lower end surface, etc. mentioned above), and the porous structure covers the connection area on the device body through the connection between the complex body and the substrate, thereby obtaining a porous structure exposed on the surface of the device body. Symbol 8400 in the figure schematically indicates that the components are connected by welding. The device body and the complex body (or the intermediate body contained therein) are adapted to each other at the contact and connection parts.

[0615] <Artificial knee joint>

[0616] Take the artificial knee joint as an example. The artificial knee joint prosthesis includes the femoral condyle, the tibial plateau (usually made of metal materials), the pad arranged between the two (can be made of materials such as polyethylene), and the patellar prosthesis (usually made of metal materials). The femoral condyle is connected to the distal end of the femur, and the tibial plateau is connected to the proximal end of the tibia. The lower part of the pad contacts the upper surface of the tibial plateau, and the outer convex surface of the femoral condyle contacts the upper part of the pad and the articular surface of the patellar prosthesis, which can realize flexion, extension, sliding, rotation and other activities within the specified range.

[0617] See also Fig.130 In the femoral condyle 900 shown, the outer convex surface of the femoral condyle body 930 is usually smoother to reduce the friction loss between it and the pad; and the femoral condyle body 930 will match and contact the osteotomy section formed at the distal end of the femur on its inner concave surface. Therefore, it is preferred to form a porous structure on the inner concave surface of the femoral condyle body 930 to help the trabeculae exposed in the osteotomy section grow into the pores, achieve close bonding...

Claims

1. A prosthesis with an accommodation space, characterized in that: Include: The main body of the prosthesis, which serves as the base; The first porous structure or the complex in which it is located is connected to the substrate; The first porous structure or the complex in which it is located is provided with a receiving space, or the substrate is provided with a receiving space, or the substrate and the first porous structure or the complex in which it is located are provided with a receiving space in cooperation with each other; The accommodation space is provided with a passage or opening that can connect the inside and outside of the accommodation space; The contents can enter or exit the containing space through the passage or opening; or the containing space for placing the contents can transmit electrical energy, information, or set substances through the passage or opening; Before the contents are placed in the storage space, the channel or opening is open or opened from a closed state; after the contents are placed in the storage space, the channel or opening is at least partially open or is closed and waiting to be opened later or is closed and no longer opened.

2. The prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that The composite comprises a first porous structure and an intermediate pre-connected or integrally formed therewith; the density of the substrate and the density of the intermediate are both higher than the density of the first porous structure; The intermediate comprises at least one of the following: an intermediate body covering at least a portion of the surface of the second side of the first porous structure; A plurality of protruding structures are distributed on the surface of the second side of the first porous structure, or on the surface of the second side of the intermediate body; the protruding structures protrude toward the direction where the substrate is located; A plurality of support parts; each support part has at least a part of the structure located in the first porous structure; the first end of the support part is close to the first side of the first porous structure, and exceeds or does not exceed the surface of the first side of the first porous structure; the second end of the support part is close to the second side of the first porous structure; wherein the first side is the side away from the substrate, and the second side is the side close to the substrate; A plurality of anchor points, wherein the anchor points are distributed on the second side of the first porous structure; The coupling body is connected between at least one pair of supporting parts, or between the bodies of at least one pair of anchor points.

3. The prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that At least one first component of the prosthesis, maintaining the shape of the first component when it is manufactured or processed on this basis, or maintaining the shape of the first component when the first porous structure or composite is connected to the substrate or processed on this basis, used alone or in conjunction with the second component to achieve at least one of the following: forming at least a portion of the receiving space; forming at least a portion of the edge interface of the receiving space; A passage or opening forming a receiving space; forming a passage or opening communicating with the receiving space; forming a channel or an opening to communicate with the channel or the opening provided in the second component; forming an exposed surface of the prosthesis, wherein the exposed surface is exposed to an external open space; forming a passage or opening communicating with an external open space; forming a closing body for closing the passage or opening of the receiving space; Fixing the entity; wherein the entity includes the entity's container, or the entity's enclosure that covers the container from the outside, or the edge interface of the entity in the accommodating space; The passage or opening of the accommodation space is directly connected to other accommodation spaces, or an external open space, or an exposed surface of the prosthesis; or, it is connected to other accommodation spaces, or an external open space, or an exposed surface of the prosthesis by connecting to one or more passages or openings provided in the second component; the external open space includes the corresponding human body part where the prosthesis is implanted; The first component comprises one or more of the following components: a first porous structure, an intermediate, a substrate, and a component additionally provided to the prosthesis; the second component is one or more of the following components matched with the first component: a first porous structure, an intermediate, a substrate, and a component additionally provided to the prosthesis; The components additionally provided to the prosthesis include a shaped part and / or a filling body; The molding component is connected to the first porous structure, the intermediate body or the base at a position adjacent to the accommodation space, or is connected to the filling body, or is connected to other molding components other than the current molding component; The filling body includes a filling surface formed by solidification of a molten substance at a designated location of the prosthesis, which can connect a portion of the support or beam at the first porous structure and adjacent to the accommodating space; the filling surface is separately arranged at the first porous structure, or connected to an intermediate, or a substrate, or a molded component, or other filling bodies other than the current filling body; the molten substance is a polymer material or a material that is the same as or has similar properties to the first porous structure, the intermediate, or the substrate; similar properties include similar electrical conductivity or similar density.

4. The prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that At least one of the first components is configured to form a receiving space, or a part of the receiving space, or a passage or opening of the receiving space, or to connect the component with the receiving space or an external open space by removing a part of the first component; the removed part, after being reset to its original position, serves as a closed body to close the passage or opening of the receiving space; Alternatively, at least one of the first components is adjacent to the accommodating space at a preset position on the prosthesis, and is connected to the accommodating space or serves as a channel or opening of the accommodating space; after the first component is installed in place at the preset position, the channel or opening is closed through the portion adjacent to the accommodating space.

5. The prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that Closures used to close passages or openings, made of any of the following materials: Materials that can be triggered to open automatically when the state of their environment changes; Materials that can react with a set substance to trigger opening; Materials that degrade over a set time frame; Materials that allow the passage of drugs; Materials that allow for sustained release of drugs; Dissolvable materials; Polymer materials; The same material as the first porous structure or intermediate or substrate; A material having similar properties to the first porous structure or intermediate or substrate.

6. The prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that The contained object is a solid object that can be fixed by a third part of the prosthesis alone or by a plurality of third parts, or is wrapped by a solid covering body and then placed in the containing space or fixed by a third part of the prosthesis, or is placed in the containing space with a solid edge interface on at least one side; Wherein, the encapsulation body enclosing the contents is made of any of the following materials; Materials that can be triggered to open automatically when the state of their environment changes; Materials that can react with a set substance to trigger opening; Materials that degrade over a set time frame; Materials that allow the passage of drugs; Materials that allow for sustained release of drugs; Dissolvable materials; The third component comprises one or more of the following components: a first porous structure, an intermediate body, a substrate, a component additionally provided to the connection structure; the component additionally provided to the prosthesis comprises a forming component and / or a filling body.

7. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The contents include sensors and / or drugs; The sensor detects at least one state of the surrounding environment, the inside or outside of the prosthesis, or detects a set substance; the detection probe or detection surface of the sensor is located on the exposed surface of the prosthesis, or faces a channel or opening that can be directly or indirectly connected to the exposed surface of the prosthesis, or extends from the channel or opening of the accommodation space, or is located in the accommodation space; The drug is delivered to the accommodation space before, during, or after prosthesis implantation; The setting substance reaches the containing space for placing the drug and / or the containing space for placing the sensor earlier or later than the drug, or at the same time as the drug; the setting substance is artificially input, or is generated by itself in the environment where the prosthesis is located, or is applied by a trigger device; The setting substance is directly transported from the external open space, the exposed surface of the prosthesis, or other accommodation spaces, or is transported through a channel or opening provided by the first component alone or provided by the first component and the second component in cooperation, to the accommodation space for placing the drug and / or the accommodation space for placing the sensor; The first component comprises one or more of the following components: a first porous structure, an intermediate body, a substrate, and a component additionally provided to the prosthesis; the second component comprises one or more of the following components: a first porous structure, an intermediate body, a substrate, and a component additionally provided to the prosthesis; The components additionally provided to the prosthesis include shaped parts and / or filling bodies.

8. The prosthesis according to claim 7, characterized in that Devices provided for the prosthesis, including sensors; The device further comprises any one of the following or any combination thereof: A processor, used for analyzing detection data of the sensor; Electromagnetic signal trigger switch, used to receive magnetic induction signals corresponding to external instructions and convert them into electrical signals to control sensors or other controlled devices; A timer or timer controls the drug release time or sensor detection time by timing or timing; A trigger device, used to open a passage or opening of a containing space, or to change the state of the environment, or to transform the form of a drug, or to apply a set substance, or to remove a coating that wraps the contained object; the trigger device is driven to act by receiving an instruction from a sensor, or a processor, or an electromagnetic signal trigger switch, or an external device, or a timer, or a timer; the trigger device is disposable or allows repeated use; Among them, the device can be integrated with other devices, or be arranged in the same or different accommodation space as the drug or other devices, or be arranged on a substrate or a first porous structure or a complex outside the accommodation space, or be an independent implant device outside the prosthesis, or be arranged outside the human body where the prosthesis is implanted; information is transmitted between devices by wired or wireless means.

9. The prosthesis according to claim 8, characterized in that The device further comprises any one of the following or any combination thereof: The wireless charging module obtains electrical energy from devices outside the prosthesis or the human body in a wireless manner, and supplies power to other electrical devices or energy storage elements in a wired or wireless manner; An electric energy storage element obtains electric energy from a device or a wireless charging module outside the prosthesis or the human body for storage through wired or wireless means, and supplies power to other electric devices through wired or wireless means with the stored electric energy; Antennas or coils for transmitting power and / or information wirelessly between devices within a prosthesis, between devices within a prosthesis and outside the body, or between devices near a prosthesis and outside the body; In a wired manner, a cable for transmitting electrical energy and / or information is arranged in a channel of the accommodating space, and / or is arranged in a channel that is provided by the first component alone or in cooperation with the first component and the second component and is connected to the channel or opening of the accommodating space; the cable is connected between devices in the prosthesis, or between devices inside and outside the prosthesis, or one end is connected to a device located in the prosthesis, and the other end is connected to an interface located on the body surface.

10. The prosthesis according to claim 9, characterized in that A channel for routing cables or for delivering drugs or set substances, including at least one of the following: When the intermediate of the complex includes protruding structures, the spacing gaps between adjacent protruding structures serve as channels; When a substrate protrusion structure is provided on a surface of the substrate facing the first porous structure or the composite, the intervals between adjacent substrate protrusion structures are used as channels; When the intermediate of the composite includes an intermediate body, the channel provided at the intermediate body includes a pipe formed inside the intermediate body, or a first groove formed on a surface of the intermediate body close to the substrate, and at least a portion of the first groove is open toward the direction where the substrate is located; The channel provided at the substrate includes a pipe formed inside the substrate, or a second groove formed on the surface of the substrate close to the first porous structure or the composite thereof, and at least a portion of the second groove is open toward the direction where the first porous structure or the composite thereof is located; The first groove and the second groove are not provided at the same time; or, when the first groove and the second groove are provided at the same time, the two grooves are staggered with each other, or the two grooves are interlocked with each other to form a channel.

11. The prosthesis according to claim 3, characterized in that The first component of the prosthesis or the second component matched with the first component further comprises a polymer material intermediate layer and a spacer layer; The polymer material intermediate layer is located between the first side of the first porous structure and a fourth porous structure, and is used to connect the two; the fourth porous structure or another complex in which it is located forms an exposed surface of the prosthesis; Alternatively, the polymer material intermediate layer is located between the second side of the first porous structure or complex and the substrate or another porous structure on the substrate, and is used to connect the first porous structure or complex to the substrate; The molten polymer material penetrates into the part to be connected, and the solidified polymer material and the part where it is located form the polymer material intermediate layer. The spacer layer is used to limit the injection and penetration position of the polymer material.

12. The prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 11, characterized in that: The prosthesis is any of the following: Femoral stem, acetabular cup, intervertebral fusion cage, femoral condyle, tibial plateau, spinal prosthesis, ankle joint, shoulder joint, elbow joint, finger joint, toe joint, intervertebral facet joint, mandibular joint, wrist joint, artificial tooth root.

13. The prosthesis according to claim 7, characterized in that The prosthesis is any of the following: Femoral stem, acetabular cup, intervertebral fusion cage, femoral condyle, tibial plateau, spinal prosthesis, ankle joint, shoulder joint, elbow joint, finger joint, toe joint, intervertebral facet joint, mandibular joint, wrist joint, artificial tooth root.

14. A method for assembling a prosthesis, characterized in that: Used for assembling the prosthesis with accommodating space as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13; The method comprises: Prepare the prosthesis body as a base; preparing a first porous structure or composite; connecting a substrate to a first porous structure or composite; The first porous structure or the complex in which it is located is provided with a receiving space, or the substrate is provided with a receiving space, or the substrate and the first porous structure or the complex in which it is located are provided with a receiving space in cooperation with each other; The composite comprises a first porous structure and an intermediate body which are pre-connected or integrally formed; the density of the intermediate body and the density of the substrate are both higher than the density of the first porous structure; The storage space is provided with a passage or an opening that can connect the inside and the outside of the storage space; the contents can enter the storage space or come out of the storage space through the passage or the opening, or transmit electrical energy, information, or set substances to the storage space for placing the contents through the passage or the opening; Before the contents are placed in the storage space, the channel or opening is open or opened from a closed state; after the contents are placed in the storage space, the channel or opening is at least partially open or is closed and waiting to be opened later or is closed and no longer opened.

15. The assembly method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The substrate and the first porous structure or composite body are connected by laser welding or resistance welding; The accommodation space is formed before, during, or after the first porous structure or composite is connected to the substrate; the contents are placed in the accommodation space; The edge interface of the accommodation space, or the channel or opening of the accommodation space, or the closing body for closing the channel or opening, is formed together with the accommodation space or the component for setting the accommodation space at the prosthesis, or is formed by reprocessing the component for setting the accommodation space at the prosthesis after the substrate is connected to the first porous structure or the composite body; The component for setting up the accommodation space at the prosthesis includes one or more of the following components: a first porous structure, an intermediate body, a substrate, and another component set up on the prosthesis; the another component set up on the prosthesis includes a forming component and / or a filling body.

16. The assembly method according to claim 14, characterized in that: A first porous structure or substrate, which supports or connects the contents; The first porous structure or complex has a receiving space or a part of the space formed on a side close to the substrate before or during connection with the substrate; After the substrate is connected to the first porous structure or complex, the substrate serves as the edge interface on one side of the accommodation space, or a partial space at the first porous structure or complex cooperates with another partial space opened at the substrate to form a complete accommodation space; so that the carried or connected contents can be placed in the accommodation space.

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