Ultrasonic Sensor and Vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor, which comprises: a probe core assembly, the probe core assembly including a probe core body and a housing, the housing being wrapped outside the probe core body, and from the first end to the second end, the cross-sectional area of at least a part of the housing gradually decreases; a decoupling ring, the decoupling ring being sleeved outside the housing, and a matching layer, the matching layer being disposed on the second end. Due to the trapezoidal front end of the housing, the area of the second end is smaller than that of the first end. Under the condition of the probe core body with the same outer diameter, it has a smaller contact area with the vehicle mounting surface, can increase the effective working area of the vibration damping pad on the vehicle mounting surface, thereby effectively reducing the interference of vehicle vibration to the detection signal, and is beneficial to improving the detection sensitivity. And the decoupling ring can further reduce the acoustic interference signal of the housing to the probe core body, thereby further improving the signal-to-noise ratio and ranging sensitivity, and improving the practicability of the ultrasonic sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted ultrasonic detection, and in particular to an ultrasonic sensor and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, ultrasonic detection technology has emerged. Ultrasonic sensors (ultrasonic transducers) can be used to detect close-range objects. The distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the object to be detected can be calculated by the time difference between the ultrasonic wave emitted and the object reflected after colliding with the object. For ultrasonic detection, the type and nature of the object to be detected are not subject to too many restrictions, including solids, liquids, or powders of various surface colors, transparency, and hardness, which can all be detected by ultrasonic sensors. Therefore, ultrasonic sensors are now widely used in parking radars (parking sensors), level detection (level sensors), multiple sheet detection (multiple sheet detection) and flow detection (flow meter) and other fields.

[0003] In traditional technology, vehicle-mounted ultrasonic ranging is mostly implemented by directly exposing the probe on the mounting enclosure to achieve ultrasonic emission and reception. The ultrasonic sensor directly contacts the air or liquid for emission and reception. However, when the ultrasonic sensor cannot directly contact and needs to meet the function of achieving a longer distance measurement, especially for penetrating steel plates, the conventional penetrating aluminum shell probe core has poor sensitivity when facing steel plates and cannot effectively penetrate. It also has a small bandwidth, a narrow scope of application, and poor practicality. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an ultrasonic sensor and a vehicle that can effectively improve the sensitivity and penetration of ultrasonic ranging, thereby improving practicality.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: an ultrasonic sensor, comprising: a core probe assembly, the core probe assembly comprising a core probe body and a shell, the shell being wrapped outside the core probe body, and along the length direction of the core probe assembly, the opposite ends of the shell are a first end and a second end respectively, from the first end to the second end, the cross-sectional area of ​​at least a part of the shell gradually decreases, and the second end is used to be arranged close to the vehicle mounting surface relative to the first end; a decoupling ring, the decoupling ring is sleeved outside the shell, and the decoupling ring is used to absorb interference signals; a matching layer, the matching layer is arranged on the second end, and the second end is used to interfere with the vehicle mounting surface through the matching layer.

[0006] In the above ultrasonic sensor, during the installation process, the decoupling ring is sleeved outside the housing, and then the second end of the probe core assembly is abutted against the vehicle mounting surface through the matching layer, for example, abutted against the vehicle door or bumper. During operation, when the driving device is started and at an appropriate driving frequency, the probe core body generates ultrasonic waves. Due to the trapezoidal front end of the housing, the area of the second end is smaller than that of the first end. With the same outer diameter of the probe core body, it has a smaller contact area with the vehicle mounting surface, which can increase the effective working area of the vibration damping pad on the vehicle mounting surface, thereby effectively reducing the interference of vehicle vibration on the detection signal and being beneficial to improving the detection sensitivity. And the decoupling ring can further reduce the acoustic interference signal of the housing to the probe core body, thereby further improving the signal-to-noise ratio and ranging sensitivity and enhancing the practicality of the ultrasonic sensor.

[0007] In one embodiment, the housing includes a first segment and a second segment. The first segment is connected to the second segment. Along the length direction of the probe core assembly, starting from the first end to the second end, the cross-section of the first segment remains unchanged, and the cross-sectional area of the second segment decreases. The cross-sectional area of the second end is smaller than that of the first end.

[0008] In one embodiment, the material of the housing is stainless steel, and the side wall thickness T2 of the first segment is greater than the bottom wall thickness T1 of the second segment.

[0009] In one embodiment, the decoupling ring includes a first decoupling portion and a second decoupling portion. The first decoupling portion is connected to the second decoupling portion. The first decoupling portion is sleeved on the first segment, and the second decoupling portion is sleeved on a part of the second segment.

[0010] In one embodiment, the thickness of the decoupling ring is greater than 1 mm.

[0011] In one embodiment, the material of the decoupling ring is silicone rubber, and the Shore hardness range of the decoupling ring is 30HA to 55HA.

[0012] In one embodiment, the ratio D1 / D2 of the diameter D1 of the first end to the diameter D2 of the second end ranges from 0.40 to 0.80.

[0013] In one embodiment, the thickness range of the matching layer is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the density range of the matching layer is 700 kg / m 3 ~900 kg / m 3 .

[0015] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic sensor further includes a mounting housing sleeved outside the decoupling ring, and the mounting housing is used for mounting on a vehicle.

[0016] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic sensor further includes a vibration damping pad, and the vibration damping pad is used for connecting to a vehicle mounting surface.

[0017] A vehicle includes a vehicle mounting surface and the ultrasonic sensor according to any one of the above.

[0018] In the above vehicle, during the installation process, the decoupling ring is sleeved outside the housing, and then the second end of the probe core assembly is abutted against the vehicle mounting surface through the matching layer, for example, abutted against the door or bumper of the vehicle. When working, the driving device is started, and at an appropriate driving frequency, the probe core body generates ultrasonic waves. Due to the trapezoidal front end of the housing, the area of the second end is smaller than that of the first end. Under the probe core body with the same outer diameter, it has a smaller contact area with the vehicle mounting surface, which can increase the effective working area of the vibration damping pad on the vehicle mounting surface, thereby effectively reducing the interference of vehicle vibration on the detection signal and being beneficial to improving the detection sensitivity. And the decoupling ring can further reduce the acoustic interference signal of the housing on the probe core body, thereby further improving the signal-to-noise ratio and ranging sensitivity and enhancing the practicability of the ultrasonic sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ultrasonic sensor in one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of each component of the ultrasonic sensor in one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the probe core body in one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sensitivity comparison curve between the ultrasonic sensor and the conventional ultrasonic transducer at different driving frequencies.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 100. Ultrasonic sensor; 110. Core probe assembly; 111. Core probe body; 112. Shell; 1121. First segment; 1122. Second segment; 113. First end; 114. Second end; 120. Decoupling ring; 121. First decoupling part; 122. Second decoupling part; 130. Matching layer; 140. Mounting shell; 141. Mounting hole; 150. Anti-vibration pad; 160. Preload member; 200. Vehicle mounting surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "joined", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 which shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ultrasonic sensor 100 described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 which shows an exploded view of each component of the ultrasonic sensor 100 described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3The figure shows a schematic internal structure diagram of the probe core body 111 in an embodiment of the present invention. An ultrasonic sensor 100 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a probe core assembly 110, a decoupling ring 120, and a matching layer 130. The probe core assembly 110 includes a probe core body 111 and a housing 112. The housing 112 wraps around the probe core body 111. Along the length direction of the probe core assembly 110, the opposite ends of the housing 112 are a first end 113 and a second end 114 respectively. Starting from the first end 113 to the second end 114, the cross-sectional area of at least a part of the housing 112 gradually decreases. The second end 114 is arranged closer to the vehicle mounting surface 200 relative to the first end 113. The decoupling ring 120 is sleeved outside the housing 112, and the decoupling ring 120 is used to absorb interference signals. The matching layer 130 is arranged on the second end 114, and the second end 114 is used to be in contact and cooperate with the vehicle mounting surface 200 through the matching layer 130.

[0034] For the above ultrasonic sensor 100, during the installation process, the decoupling ring 120 is sleeved outside the housing 112, and then the second end 114 of the probe core assembly 110 is brought into contact with the vehicle mounting surface 200 through the matching layer 130, for example, in contact with the door or bumper of the vehicle. When working, the driving device is started. At an appropriate driving frequency, the probe core body 111 generates ultrasonic waves. Due to the trapezoidal front end of the housing 112, the area of the second end 114 is smaller than that of the first end 113. Under the condition of the same outer diameter of the probe core body 111, it has a smaller contact area with the vehicle mounting surface 200, which can increase the effective working area of the vibration damping pad 150 on the vehicle mounting surface 200, thereby effectively reducing the interference of vehicle vibration on the detection signal and being beneficial to improving the detection sensitivity. And the decoupling ring 120 can further reduce the acoustic interference signal of the housing 112 to the probe core body 111, thereby further improving the signal-to-noise ratio and ranging sensitivity and improving the practicability of the ultrasonic sensor 100.

[0035] Optionally, the vehicle mounting surface 200 can be located at positions such as the door, the surrounding part, the bumper, etc., and its material can be materials such as aluminum alloy, plastic, carbon fiber, steel plate, etc.

[0036] Among them, in order to further understand and illustrate the length direction of the probe core assembly 110, taking Figure 1 as an example, the length direction of the probe core assembly 110 is Figure 1 the direction indicated by any arrow on the straight line S1 in

[0037] It should be noted that from the first end 113 to the second end 114, the fact that the cross-sectional area of at least a part of the housing 112 gradually decreases should be understood as follows: the first end 113 and the second end 114 are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the housing 112. From the first end 113 to the second end 114, the cross-sectional area of the housing 112 can first remain unchanged and then decrease, or can gradually decrease to form a frustum shape, or can first remain unchanged, then decrease, and then remain unchanged.

[0038] Specifically, the driving frequency of the driving device for the probe core body 111 is 40KHz - 55KHz. Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is a schematic diagram of the sensitivity comparison curve between the ultrasonic sensor 100 and the conventional ultrasonic transducer at different driving frequencies. Among them, the curve S1 is the sensitivity curve of the conventional ultrasonic sensor, and S2 is the sensitivity curve of the ultrasonic sensor 100 in this embodiment. It can be seen from the comparison diagram that at the excitation frequency of 48KHz, both the conventional ultrasonic transducer and the ultrasonic sensor 100 of the present invention can reach the best sensitivity, and in the excitation frequency range of 44.80KHz - 51.06KHz, the ultrasonic sensor 100 of the present invention is greater than the conventional ultrasonic transducer. Moreover, the frequency bandwidth of the ultrasonic sensor 100 of the present invention is 5KHz, which is higher than the bandwidth of 2.8KHz of the conventional ultrasonic transducer, facilitating adaptation to different changing detection environments and improving the stability of sensitivity.

[0039] Furthermore, the frequency of the probe core body 111 is 3KHz - 6KHz higher than the driving frequency. That is, the frequency of the probe core body 111 is 43KHz - 61KHz. In this way, it is beneficial to compensate for the frequency deviation of the probe core assembly 110 when it is attached to the steel plate.

[0040] Specifically, the mechanical quality factor Qm of the probe core assembly 110 before installation is ≥80. In this way, it is beneficial to improve the working efficiency of the probe core body 111.

[0041] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the housing 112 includes a first segment 1121 and a second segment 1122. The first segment 1121 and the second segment 1122 are connected. Along the length direction of the core assembly 110, starting from the first end 113 to the second end 114, the cross-section of the first segment 1121 remains unchanged, the cross-sectional area of the second segment 1122 decreases, and the cross-sectional area of the second end 114 is smaller than that of the first end 113. The first end 113 is provided on the first segment 1121, and the second end 114 is provided on the second segment 1122. In this way, the first segment 1121 is cylindrical, the second segment 1122 is frustum-shaped, and the overall housing 112 is a combination of a cylinder and a frustum, which is beneficial to reducing the overall volume. Moreover, the area of the second segment 1122 decreases, which is beneficial to reducing the contact area compared with a conventional columnar core, improving the directivity, increasing the acting area of the vibration damping pad 150, and improving the vibration damping effect on the vehicle mounting surface 200, thereby improving the sensitivity of distance measurement.

[0042] In one embodiment, the housing 112 is made of stainless steel. For example, the housing 112 is made of 304 stainless steel (SUS304) or austenitic 316 stainless steel (SUS316). In this way, using stainless steel for the housing 112 can ensure the shielding effect, without the need for external treatment such as coating the core assembly 110, making the transmission of ultrasonic waves more direct. And it can reduce the height of the core, for example, from more than 9 mm in the conventional case to less than 8 mm, thereby reducing the occupation of the installation space. For the penetration of the steel plate, the ultrasonic transmission path of this core assembly 110 is: steel - matching layer 130 - coating - steel - coating - air, while the conventional one is: aluminum - coating - matching layer 130 - steel - air. In this way, it is beneficial to reduce the attenuation of the signal by the coating and improve the detection sensitivity.

[0043] Further, please refer to Figure 3 , the side wall thickness T2 of the first segment 1121 is greater than the bottom wall thickness T1 of the second segment 1122. In this way, the vibration of the piezoelectric vibrator in the core body 111 can be better suppressed, which is beneficial to improving the directivity and detection sensitivity of the detection waveform.

[0044] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3, the decoupling ring 120 includes a first decoupling portion 121 and a second decoupling portion 122. The first decoupling portion 121 is connected to the second decoupling portion 122. The first decoupling portion 121 is sleeved on the first segment 1121, and the second decoupling portion 122 is sleeved on a part of the second segment 1122. In this way, it is beneficial to increase the wrapping area of the decoupling ring 120 around the housing 112, thereby improving the decoupling effect, reducing external interference to the probe core assembly 110, absorbing more acoustic interference signals, and improving the signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity.

[0045] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 , the thickness of the decoupling ring 120 is greater than 1 mm. The material of the decoupling ring 120 is silicone rubber, and the Shore hardness range of the decoupling ring 120 is 30HA - 55HA. In this way, it is beneficial to improve the shielding effect and at the same time extend the service life of the decoupling ring 120.

[0046] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the ratio D1 / D2 of the diameter D1 of the first end 113 to the diameter D2 of the second end 114 ranges from 0.40 to 0.80. In this way, it is beneficial to obtain a better detection angle range and improve the measurement effect.

[0047] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the thickness range of the matching layer 130 is 0.2 mm - 0.5 mm. Specifically, adhesive portions are provided on both sides of the matching layer 130, and it has stable high and low temperature performance. The density range of the matching layer 130 is 700 kg / m 3 ~900 kg / m 3 . For example, the matching layer 130 is a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. The 90° peel adhesion of the matching layer 130 to stainless steel is greater than 230 N / 100 mm, and the acoustic impedance is greater than 6.7 Mkg / m 2 / s. The pressure-sensitive tape is a special type of tape made by coating a special adhesive (pressure-sensitive adhesive) on a strip-shaped substrate. It consists of a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a substrate, a primer, a backside treatment agent, etc. The pressure-sensitive adhesive is the most important component of the pressure-sensitive tape. Its function is to make the tape have pressure-sensitive adhesion characteristics. Therefore, it can ensure the coupling effect between the second end 114 of the probe core assembly 110 and the vehicle mounting surface 200, and can also improve the connection stability of the ultrasonic sensor 100 on the vehicle mounting surface 200, improving the installation reliability and service quality.

[0048] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the ultrasonic sensor 100 further includes a mounting housing 140, the mounting housing 140 is sleeved outside the decoupling ring 120, and the mounting housing 140 is used to be mounted on a vehicle. In this way, it is convenient to install the ultrasonic sensor 100 at different mounting positions on the vehicle, improving the installation convenience and installation stability.

[0049] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the ultrasonic sensor 100 further includes a vibration damping pad 150, and the vibration damping pad 150 is used to be connected to the vehicle mounting surface 200. In this way, through the suppression effect of the vibration damping pad 150, the influence of the vehicle's own vibration on the ultrasonic sensor 100 can be suppressed, improving the detection sensitivity of the ultrasonic sensor 100. For this ultrasonic sensor 100, under the condition of the probe core body 111 with the same size signal, compared with the traditional cylindrical housing, the contact area with the vehicle mounting surface 200 is reduced, so that the coverage area of the vibration damping pad 150 per unit area can be expanded, thereby improving the vibration suppression effect.

[0050] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the vibration damping pad 150 uses butyl rubber damping material, with a density in the range of 1.4 - 1.8 g / cm 3 , the damping factor is greater than 0.2, and the thickness range is 2.5 - 4.0 mm. The air permeability of butyl rubber damping material is the lowest among hydrocarbon rubbers and there is little difference even at high temperatures. The chemical unsaturation of butyl rubber is low, making its heat resistance and oxidation resistance better than other general rubbers, and it has excellent heat aging performance. It can be exposed to sunlight and oxygen for a long time without damage and has excellent weather resistance. Compared with highly unsaturated rubbers, butyl rubber has particularly good ozone resistance, and its ozone resistance is more than 10 times higher than that of natural rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber. It can resist acids, alkalis and polar solvents. The electrical insulation and corona resistance of butyl rubber are better than those of general synthetic rubbers. The volume resistance can reach more than 1016 Ω·cm, which is 10 - 100 times higher than that of general rubbers. The dielectric constant at 1 kHz is 2 - 3, and the power factor (100 Hz) is 0.0026. The water permeability of butyl rubber is extremely low, and it has excellent water resistance. Its water absorption rate at room temperature is 10 - 15 times lower than that of other rubbers. Butyl rubber has good shock absorption performance in the temperature range of -30°C to +50°C and still has flexibility at -73°C. There are round holes opened in it to cooperate with the installation of the housing 112 on the vehicle mounting surface 200. The size of the round holes should be such that it does not interfere with the outer wall of the probe core.

[0051] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1, the ultrasonic transducer 100 further includes a pre-tightening member 170. The mounting housing 140 is provided with a mounting hole 141. The probe core assembly 110 is disposed in the mounting hole 141, and the pre-tightening member 170 is tightly fitted with the mounting housing 140. Thus, through the tightening action of 170, the clamping stability of the probe core assembly 110 in the mounting housing 140 can be improved, and further the overall structural stability of the ultrasonic transducer 110 can be improved.

[0052] In one embodiment, a vehicle (not shown in the figure), the vehicle includes a vehicle mounting surface 200 and the ultrasonic sensor 100 described in any one of the above.

[0053] For the above vehicle, during the installation process, the decoupling ring 120 is sleeved outside the housing 112, and then the second end 114 of the probe core assembly 110 abuts against the vehicle mounting surface 200 through the matching layer 130, for example, abuts against the door or bumper of the vehicle. When working, the driving device is started, and at an appropriate driving frequency, the probe core body 111 generates ultrasonic waves. Due to the trapezoidal front end of the housing 112, the area of the second end 114 is smaller than the area of the first end 113. Under the probe core body 111 with the same outer diameter, it has a smaller contact area with the vehicle mounting surface 200, which can increase the effective working area of the vibration damping pad 150 on the vehicle mounting surface 200, thereby effectively reducing the interference of vehicle vibration on the detection signal and being beneficial to improving the detection sensitivity. And the decoupling ring 120 can further reduce the acoustic interference signal of the housing 112 on the probe core body 111, thereby further improving the signal-to-noise ratio and ranging sensitivity and improving the practicability of the ultrasonic sensor 100.

[0054] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0055] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic sensor, characterized in that, The ultrasonic sensor comprises: A core probe assembly, the core probe assembly comprising a core probe body and a shell, the shell being wrapped around the core probe body, and along the length direction of the core probe assembly, the two opposite ends of the shell are respectively a first end and a second end, and from the first end to the second end, the cross-sectional area of ​​at least a portion of the shell gradually decreases, and the second end is used to be arranged close to a vehicle mounting surface relative to the first end; A decoupling ring, which is sleeved outside the housing and is used to absorb interference signals; a matching layer, the matching layer being disposed on the second end, the second end being used to interfere with and cooperate with a vehicle mounting surface through the matching layer; The shell includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment is connected to the second segment, and along the length direction of the core probe assembly, from the first end to the second end, the cross-section of the first segment remains unchanged, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second segment decreases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second end is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first end; the side wall thickness T2 of the first segment is greater than the bottom wall thickness T1 of the second segment.

2. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell is made of stainless steel.

3. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein, The decoupling ring includes a first decoupling portion and a second decoupling portion, the first decoupling portion is connected to the second decoupling portion, the first decoupling portion is sleeved on the first segment, and the second decoupling portion is sleeved on a portion of the second segment.

4. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the decoupling ring is greater than 1 mm; and / or, The decoupling ring is made of silicone rubber, and the Shore hardness range of the decoupling ring is 30HA~55HA.

5. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio D1 / D2 of the diameter D1 of the first end to the diameter D2 of the second end is in the range of 0.40 to 0.

80.

6. The ultrasonic sensor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The thickness of the matching layer is in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm; and / or, The density range of the matching layer is 700 kg / m 3 ~900 kg / m 3 .

7. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 6, wherein, The ultrasonic sensor further comprises a mounting shell, wherein the mounting shell is sleeved outside the decoupling ring, and the mounting shell is used for being mounted on a vehicle.

8. The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic sensor further comprises an anti-vibration pad, and the anti-vibration pad is used to be connected to a vehicle mounting surface.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle comprises a vehicle mounting surface and the ultrasonic sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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