A shield tail gap automatic measurement device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic shield tail clearance measurement device and method. The automatic measurement device is mounted on the inner wall of the shield tail and positioned within the gap formed between the shield tail and the segments. The shield tail is provided with at least one arcuate slot, along which the automatic measurement device moves to achieve real-time measurement of the gaps at different locations. The present invention not only improves the automation level and measurement accuracy of the automatic measurement device, extending its service life and facilitating operation, but also measures the minimum and true values ​​of the shield tail clearance, enabling real-time feedback of measurement data. This allows for immediate and accurate determination of the shield tail clearance value and timely adjustment of construction parameters to ensure segment assembly quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a shield tail clearance automatic measurement device and method. Background Art

[0002] The shield tail clearance refers to the relative space between the shield machine casing and the segments. If the shield tail clearance is poor, the segments will contact the shield machine casing, causing the segments to break and converge due to concentrated forces. Therefore, on-site workers must accurately determine the shield tail clearance value immediately and adjust construction parameters promptly to ensure the quality of segment assembly. Rapid and accurate shield tail clearance measurement has always been a key focus of scientific and technological research and development in the shield construction industry.

[0003] The traditional shield tail gap value is obtained by manually measuring the shield tail current ring segment with a steel ruler. Due to the limited construction environment of the shield tail, small activity space, and dense mechanical equipment, it not only affects the normal excavation assembly progress but also poses a major safety hazard to the measurement personnel. Based on this, in recent years, the automatic measurement technology of the shield tail gap has begun to be studied and has made some breakthroughs.

[0004] Currently, automatic shield tail gap measurement is divided into two main categories: physical contact and acoustic and optical acquisition. The latter is affected by the shield tail space environment, which is prone to dust and interference, resulting in poor measurement accuracy and low practicality. The former is not effectively used due to the small shield tail gap space, inconvenient installation, and direct contact between the device and the pipe segment, which is prone to damage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technical solution of a shield tail gap automatic measurement device and method to address the deficiencies in the prior art. The technical solution not only improves the automation level and measurement accuracy of the automatic measuring device, extends its service life, and makes it easy to operate, but also can measure the minimum value and true value of the shield tail gap, so that the measurement data can be fed back in real time, the shield tail gap value can be accurately obtained at the first time, and the construction parameters can be adjusted in time to ensure the quality of the pipe segment assembly. The measurement method has simple steps. Under the premise of solving the high construction risk and low efficiency of manual measurement of the shield tail gap, it can effectively deal with the problems of low measurement accuracy, easy damage, unchanged installation, and low automation level of common shield tail gap measurement devices.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A shield tail gap automatic measuring device is characterized in that: the automatic measuring device is arranged on the inner wall of the shield tail and is located in the gap formed between the shield tail and the pipe segment. At least one arc groove is provided on the shield tail. The automatic measuring device moves along the arc groove to realize real-time measurement of gaps at different positions. Through the design of the above structure, not only the automation level and measurement accuracy of the automatic measuring device can be improved, the service life can be extended, and the operation is easy, but also the minimum value and true value of the shield tail gap can be measured, so that the measurement data can be fed back in real time, and it is not affected by dust from the shield tail and mud and water on the inner wall of the shield tail. It can overcome harsh environments, accurately obtain the shield tail gap value at the first time, and adjust the construction parameters in time to ensure the assembly quality of the pipe segment.

[0008] Furthermore, the length of the arc groove is 2 / 3 of the outer circumference length of the shield tail, which facilitates the automatic measuring device to move along the arc groove and meet the measurement requirements of gaps at different positions.

[0009] Furthermore, the automatic measuring device includes a slider and a measuring mechanism. The measuring mechanism is arranged on the slider. The slider matches the arc groove and moves along the arc groove. The slider can drive the measuring mechanism to move along the arc groove according to the position of the gap measurement. When it moves to the required position, it can be fixed and then the gap measurement is performed by the measuring mechanism. It is flexible and convenient to use, highly reliable, and not prone to errors.

[0010] Furthermore, the measuring mechanism includes a cylinder body, a piston rod, a controller and a turbine flowmeter. The cylinder body is arranged in a slider, a cylinder sleeve is provided in the cylinder body, the piston rod is movably connected to the cylinder sleeve, and a cylinder seal is provided between the piston rod and the cylinder sleeve. The controller is arranged on one side of the cylinder body, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet are provided on the other side of the cylinder body. The oil inlet is connected to a turbine flowmeter, and the turbine flowmeter is provided with a flow display screen. The turbine flowmeter is connected to the controller through a pipeline protection tube, and directly contacts the pipe segment by extending the oil cylinder. The measurement accuracy is high and can effectively guide shield excavation and pipe segment assembly construction. The cylinder sleeve is made of brass and precision-processed to effectively ensure the wear resistance and self-lubrication of the cylinder sleeve. The piston rod automatically retracts after extending and completing the measurement, which improves the guidance and service life. The cylinder seal adopts a high-pressure wear-resistant seal to ensure the reliability of the seal and the accuracy of the measurement. At the same time, a high-precision turbine flowmeter is added at the position of the oil inlet to transmit the transmission flow value to the upper computer system. The upper computer system calculates the specific elongation of the piston rod through the ratio between the specific flow value and the cylinder diameter of the cylinder body, and obtains the specific value of the shield tail gap.

[0011] Furthermore, a contact sensor is provided at the end of the piston rod for sensing touch signals and feeding them back to the controller. The design of the contact sensor allows the piston rod to be pushed out gently. When the contact sensor collides with the inner wall of the pipe segment, a signal is generated. The controller controls the hydraulic oil to stop input and can read the corresponding data at the same time, greatly improving the measurement accuracy.

[0012] Furthermore, a power module and a wireless signal transceiver are provided in the slider, and both the power module and the wireless signal transceiver are electrically connected to the controller. The power module can use a battery to provide power, or it can be connected to an external power supply device through a wire through a support tube. The wireless signal transceiver is used for data transmission and control. A wireless remote control can be used manually to transmit a wireless signal to the controller to release or restore the upper computer interlock, and the transmitted signal can be controlled to extend or retract the piston rod, which is convenient for maintenance and use under special needs.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the slider is connected to the arc groove through a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a bevel gear set, a gear, a rack and a support wheel. The driving motor is located in the slider. The driving motor is connected to the gear through the bevel gear set. The gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the slider. The rack is distributed along the arc groove. The gear matches the rack. The support wheels are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the slider. The bevel gear set is driven to rotate by the driving motor, which in turn drives the gear to rotate. The reverse force of the rack can make the slider move along the arc groove to meet actual adjustment needs. The support wheel can support the slider to improve the stability and reliability of the slider when moving.

[0014] Material toggling mechanism, its both sides respectively have a cylinder pressure, and the cylinder pressure bar connects swing arm, and the swing arm end face has hook portion, and a bar passes position between the end of two swing arms and the hook portion.

[0015] Furthermore, the automatic measuring device also includes a wireless remote controller, which is provided with a remote controller display screen, a host computer interlocking key, a host computer interlocking release key, a cylinder extending key, a cylinder retracting key and an emergency stop key.

[0016] The measuring method of the automatic shield tail clearance measuring device as described above is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0017] 1) Connect the interface of the automatic measuring device to the host computer system of the shield machine through the PLC, and interlock it with the cutterhead to synchronize the extension and contraction of the cylinder with the rotation of the cutterhead;

[0018] 2) Determine the measuring position of the automatic measuring device according to the moving position of the shield machine, move the automatic measuring device along the arc groove on the outer circumference of the shield tail to the required position through the driving mechanism, and then fix it;

[0019] 3) The measuring mechanism is then activated, and the piston rod of the measuring mechanism drives the contact sensor to move, causing the contact sensor to touch the pipe segment and generate a signal feedback to the controller, causing the piston rod to stop extending. The vortex flowmeter transmits the flow value to the host computer system. The host computer system calculates the elongation of the cylinder through the ratio between the flow value and the cylinder diameter of the cylinder body, and obtains the shield tail clearance value;

[0020] 4) After the host computer system or wireless remote control receives the accumulated total flow value T, it calculates the piston rod extension length L = T / S, where S is the cylinder diameter of the cylinder body and L is the measured shield tail clearance value, and displays it through the host computer system or wireless remote control.

[0021] The measurement method has simple steps. It can effectively deal with the problems of low measurement accuracy, easy damage, unchanged installation and low degree of automation of common shield tail gap measurement devices, while solving the high construction risk and low efficiency of manual measurement of shield tail gap.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical solution:

[0023] 1. The present invention can not only improve the automation degree and measurement accuracy of the automatic measuring device, extend its service life, and facilitate operation, but also measure the minimum value and true value of the shield tail gap, so that the measurement data can be fed back in real time, without being affected by the dust at the shield tail and the mud and water on the inner wall of the shield tail. It can overcome the harsh environment, accurately obtain the shield tail gap value at the first time, and adjust the construction parameters in time to ensure the assembly quality of the pipe segments.

[0024] 2. The oil cylinder is extended to directly contact the pipe segment, with high measurement accuracy, which can effectively guide the shield excavation and pipe segment assembly construction. The cylinder liner is made of brass precision processing, which effectively guarantees the wear resistance and self-lubrication of the cylinder liner. The piston rod automatically retracts after extending and completing the measurement, which improves the guidance and service life. The oil cylinder seal adopts high-pressure wear-resistant seal to ensure the reliability of the seal and the accuracy of the measurement. At the same time, a high-precision turbine flowmeter is added at the oil inlet to transmit the transmission flow value to the upper computer system. The upper computer system calculates the specific elongation of the piston rod through the ratio between the specific flow value and the cylinder diameter of the cylinder body, and obtains the specific value of the shield tail gap.

[0025] 3. The design of the support tube and the limiting wheel can make the slider move along the guide groove, improving the stability and reliability of the slider during movement. At the same time, the pipelines connecting the oil inlet and outlet can be connected to the external oil supply equipment through the support tube, ensuring that the measuring mechanism can work stably and reducing measurement errors. The roller can reduce friction. When the slider moves to the desired position, the hydraulic cylinder drives the telescopic rod to extend, which can squeeze the side wall of the guide groove to fix the slider. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an automatic measuring device in a shield tail gap automatic measuring device and method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the working of the automatic measuring device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic measuring device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection between the driving mechanism and the slider in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection of the limiting mechanism in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless remote control in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 The figure is a flow chart of the automatic measurement method of the shield tail gap in the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1-automatic measuring device; 101-slider; 102-support wheel; 103-gear; 104-support tube; 105-limiting wheel; 106-piston rod; 107-cylinder sleeve; 108-cylinder seal; 109-controller; 110-oil inlet; 111-oil outlet; 112-turbine flowmeter; 113-flow display screen; 114-pipeline protection tube; 115-bevel gear set; 116-drive motor; 117-wireless signal transceiver; 118-cylinder body; 119-power module; 120-contact sensor; 121-annular groove; 122-roller; 123-telescopic rod; 124-hydraulic cylinder;

[0036] 2- shield tail; 201- arc groove; 202- guide groove; 203- rack;

[0037] 3-Wireless remote control; 301-Remote control display screen; 302-Upper computer interlock key; 303-Upper computer interlock release key; 304-Cylinder extend key; 305-Cylinder retract key; 306-Emergency stop key. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and so on, in the description and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar items and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 7 The figure shows an automatic measurement device for the gap between the shield tail 2 according to the present invention. The automatic measurement device 1 is mounted on the inner wall of the shield tail 2 and located within the gap formed between the shield tail 2 and the segment. The shield tail 2 is provided with at least one arcuate groove 201, preferably two arcuate grooves 201. The length of the arcuate groove 201 is two-thirds of the outer circumference of the shield tail 2, facilitating the movement of the automatic measurement device 1 along the arcuate groove 201 to meet the measurement requirements of gaps at different locations. The automatic measurement device 1 moves along the arcuate groove 201 to achieve real-time measurement of gaps at different locations. This structural design not only improves the automation level and measurement accuracy of the automatic measurement device 1, extending its service life and facilitating operation, but also enables the measurement of the minimum and true values ​​of the gap between the shield tail 2, enabling real-time feedback of measurement data. The device is unaffected by dust from the shield tail 2 or excessive mud and water on the inner wall of the shield tail 2, facilitating the accurate and immediate measurement of the gap between the shield tail 2 and the segment assembly. This allows for the timely adjustment of construction parameters to ensure the quality of segment assembly.

[0042] The automatic measuring device 1 includes a slider 101 and a measuring mechanism. The measuring mechanism is arranged on the slider 101. The slider 101 matches the arc groove 201 and moves along the arc groove 201. The slider 101 can drive the measuring mechanism to move along the arc groove 201 according to the position of the gap measurement. When it moves to the desired position, it can be fixed and then the gap measurement is performed by the measuring mechanism. It is flexible and convenient to use, highly reliable, and not prone to errors.

[0043] The measuring mechanism includes a cylinder body 118, a piston rod 106, a controller 109 and a turbine flowmeter 112. The cylinder body 118 is arranged in the slider 101, and a cylinder sleeve 107 is arranged in the cylinder body 118. The piston rod 106 is movably connected to the cylinder sleeve 107. A cylinder seal 108 is provided between the piston rod 106 and the cylinder sleeve 107. The controller 109 is arranged on one side of the cylinder body 118, and an oil inlet 110 and an oil outlet 111 are provided on the other side of the cylinder body 118. The oil inlet 110 is connected to the turbine flowmeter 112, and the turbine flowmeter 112 is provided with a flow display screen 113. The turbine flowmeter 112 is connected to the controller 109 through a pipeline protection tube 114, and the oil cylinder is extended directly. It is in contact with the pipe segment, with high measurement accuracy, which can effectively guide the shield excavation and pipe segment assembly construction. The cylinder liner 107 is made of brass and precision-processed to effectively ensure the wear resistance and self-lubrication of the cylinder liner 107. The piston rod 106 automatically retracts after extending and completing the measurement, which improves the guidance and service life. The cylinder seal 108 adopts a high-pressure wear-resistant seal to ensure the reliability of the seal and the accuracy of the measurement. At the same time, a high-precision turbine flowmeter 112 is added at the position of the oil inlet 110 to transmit the transmission flow value to the upper computer system. The upper computer system calculates the specific elongation of the piston rod 106 through the ratio between the specific flow value and the cylinder diameter of the cylinder body 118, and obtains the specific value of the shield tail 2 gap.

[0044] A contact sensor 120 is provided at the end of the piston rod 106 for sensing touch signals and feeding them back to the controller 109. The design of the contact sensor 120 allows the piston rod 106 to be gently pushed out. When the contact sensor 120 collides with the inner wall of the pipe segment, a signal is generated. The controller 109 controls the hydraulic oil to stop input and can read the corresponding data at the same time, greatly improving the measurement accuracy.

[0045] A power module 119 and a wireless signal transceiver 117 are provided in the slider 101. Both the power module 119 and the wireless signal transceiver 117 are electrically connected to the controller 109. The power module 119 can use a battery to provide power, or it can be connected to an external power supply device through a wire through the support tube 104. The wireless signal transceiver 117 is used for data transmission and control. The wireless remote controller 3 can be used manually to transmit a wireless signal to the controller 109 to release or restore the upper computer interlock, and the transmission signal can be controlled to control the piston rod 106 to extend or retract, which is convenient for maintenance and use under special needs.

[0046] The bottom of the slider 101 is connected to the arc groove 201 through a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a driving motor 116, a bevel gear set 115, a gear 103, a rack 203 and a support wheel 102. The driving motor 116 is located in the slider 101. The driving motor 116 is connected to the gear 103 through the bevel gear set 115. The gear 103 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the slider 101. The rack 203 is distributed along the arc groove 201. The gear 103 matches the rack 203. The support wheels 102 are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the slider 101. The bevel gear set 115 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 116, which in turn can drive the gear 103 to rotate. The reverse force of the rack 203 can make the slider 101 move along the arc groove 201 to meet actual adjustment needs. The support wheel 102 can support the slider 101 to improve the stability and reliability of the slider 101 when it moves.

[0047] The side of the slider 101 is connected to the arc groove 201 through a limiting mechanism. The limiting mechanism includes a support tube 104, a limiting wheel 105 and a clamping assembly. The support tube 104 is fixed to both sides of the slider 101. The limiting wheel 105 is fixed to the support tube 104. An annular groove 121 is provided on the limiting wheel 105. A guide groove 202 is symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the arc groove 201. The guide groove 202 matches the annular groove 121. A roller 122 is provided on the annular groove 121. The roller 122 is supported on the guide groove 202. The clamping assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 124 and a telescopic rod 123. The hydraulic cylinder 124 is provided on the slider 101 and is connected to the slider 101 through the piston rod 106. To the limiting wheel 105, and pass through the limiting wheel 105 to press against the side wall of the guide groove 202. The design of the support tube 104 and the limiting wheel 105 can make the slider 101 move along the guide groove 202, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the slider 101 when moving. At the same time, the pipeline connecting the oil inlet 110 and the oil outlet 111 can be connected to the external oil supply equipment through the support tube 104, ensuring that the measuring mechanism can work stably and reduce measurement errors. The roller 122 can reduce friction. When the slider 101 moves to the desired position, the telescopic rod 123 is extended by the hydraulic cylinder 124, which can squeeze the side wall of the guide groove 202 to fix the slider 101.

[0048] The automatic measuring device 1 further comprises a wireless remote controller 3 , which is provided with a remote controller display screen 301 , a host computer interlock key 302 , a host computer interlock release key 303 , a cylinder extend key 304 , a cylinder retract key 305 and an emergency stop key 306 .

[0049] As mentioned above, a measurement method of the shield tail gap automatic measurement device (such as Figure 8 ), comprising the following steps:

[0050] 1) The interface of the automatic measuring device 1 is connected to the host computer system of the shield machine through the PLC, and is interlocked with the cutterhead so that the extension and contraction of the cylinder is synchronized with the rotation of the cutterhead;

[0051] 2) Determine the measuring position of the automatic measuring device 1 according to the moving position of the shield machine, move the automatic measuring device 1 along the arc groove 201 on the outer circumference of the shield tail 2 to the desired position through the driving mechanism, and then fix it;

[0052] 3) The measuring mechanism is then activated, and the piston rod 106 of the measuring mechanism drives the contact sensor 120 to move, causing the contact sensor 120 to contact the pipe segment, and generates a signal feedback to the controller 109, causing the piston rod 106 to stop extending. The vortex flowmeter transmits the flow value to the host computer system. The host computer system calculates the elongation of the oil cylinder based on the ratio between the flow value and the cylinder diameter of the cylinder body 118, and obtains the shield tail 2 clearance value;

[0053] 4) After receiving the accumulated total flow value T, the host computer system or wireless remote controller 3 calculates the extended length of the piston rod 106 L=T / S, where S is the cylinder diameter of the cylinder body 118 and L is the measured shield tail 2 clearance value, and displays it through the host computer system or wireless remote controller 3.

[0054] The measurement method has simple steps. It can effectively deal with the problems of low measurement accuracy, easy damage, unchanged installation and low degree of automation of common shield tail 2 gap measurement devices, while solving the high construction risk and low efficiency of manual measurement of shield tail 2 gap.

[0055] The present invention is controlled in two ways:

[0056] 1. Automatic control

[0057] 1. When the shield machine switches to assembly mode, the host computer system simultaneously transmits a signal to the shield tail 2 gap automatic measuring device 1, controlling the piston rod 106 in the measuring mechanism embedded in the inner wall of the shield tail 2 to automatically retract between the inner wall of the shield tail 2 and the segment;

[0058] 2. When the shield machine cutterhead changes from a rotating state to a stopped state, the host computer system simultaneously transmits a signal to the shield tail 2 gap automatic measuring device 1, controlling the piston rod 106 in the measuring mechanism embedded in the inner wall of the shield tail 2 to automatically extend between the inner wall of the shield tail 2 and the pipe segment. The turbine flowmeter 112 on the oil inlet 110 starts to accumulate and count, and the flow display screen 113 on the turbine flowmeter 112 displays the instantaneous flow rate and the accumulated flow rate values.

[0059] 3. The piston rod 106 is fully extended until it contacts the shield tail 2 segment, causing the contact sensor 120 to touch the segment;

[0060] 4. The accumulated total flow value T during the extension of the piston rod 106, recorded on the flow display screen 113 of the turbine flowmeter 112 on the oil inlet 110 of the hydraulic cylinder, is transmitted to the controller 109 of the automatic gap measuring device 1 of the shield tail 2 through the PLC connection line pre-buried in the pipeline protection tube 114, and then transmitted to the host computer central system;

[0061] 5. After receiving the accumulated total flow value T, the host computer system calculates the extended length L of the piston rod 106 = T / S based on the known cylinder diameter S of the cylinder body 118. The length L is the measured shield tail 2 clearance value.

[0062] 6. The host computer system displays the measured shield tail 2 gap value L on the host computer screen.

[0063] 2. Manual Control

[0064] 1. A wireless signal transceiver 117 is installed in the shield tail 2 gap automatic measurement device 1;

[0065] 2. When manual control of the piston rod 106 is required to extend or retract, the configured wireless remote controller 3 can be used to send a wireless signal to the control system to release the interlock with the cutter head;

[0066] 3. Manually press the cylinder extension button 304 using the wireless remote controller 3. The wireless remote controller 3 sends a wireless signal, which is received by the controller 109 of the shield tail 2 gap automatic measurement device 1. After receiving the information, the measurement system controls the piston rod 106 to extend;

[0067] 4. The piston rod 106 is fully extended until it contacts the shield tail 2 segment, causing the contact sensor 120 to touch the segment;

[0068] 5. The accumulated total flow value T during the extension of the piston rod 106, recorded on the flow display screen 113 of the turbine flow meter 112 at the oil inlet 110 of the hydraulic cylinder, is transmitted to the controller 109 of the automatic shield tail 2 clearance measuring device 1 via the PLC connection line. The controller 109 transmits a wireless signal to the wireless remote controller 3. After receiving the signal, the built-in calculation system of the wireless remote controller 3 calculates the extension length L of the piston rod 106 = T / S based on the known cylinder diameter S of the cylinder body 118. The length L is the measured shield tail 2 clearance value.

[0069] 6. The wireless remote controller 3 displays the measured shield tail 2 clearance value L on the remote controller display screen 301.

[0070] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent replacements, or modifications based on the present invention to achieve substantially the same technical effects are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tail gap automatic measurement device, characterized by: The automatic measuring device is arranged on the inner wall of the shield tail and is located in the gap formed between the shield tail and the pipe segment. The shield tail is provided with at least one arc-shaped groove. The automatic measuring device moves along the arc-shaped groove to realize real-time measurement of the gaps at different positions; the automatic measuring device includes a slider and a measuring mechanism, the measuring mechanism is arranged on the slider, the slider matches the arc-shaped groove, and moves along the arc-shaped groove; the measuring mechanism includes a cylinder body, a piston rod, a controller and a turbine flowmeter, the cylinder body is arranged in the slider, a cylinder sleeve is provided in the cylinder body, the piston rod is movably connected to the cylinder sleeve, and a cylinder seal is provided between the piston rod and the cylinder sleeve, the controller is arranged on one side of the cylinder body, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet are provided on the other side of the cylinder body, the oil inlet is connected to the turbine flowmeter, the turbine flowmeter is provided with a flow display screen, and the turbine flowmeter is connected to the controller through a pipeline protection tube.

2. The automatic shield tail clearance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the arc groove is 2 / 3 of the outer circumference length of the shield tail.

3. The automatic shield tail clearance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A contact sensor is provided at the end of the piston rod for sensing a touch signal and feeding it back to the controller.

4. The automatic shield tail clearance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power module and a wireless signal transceiver are provided in the slider, and both the power module and the wireless signal transceiver are electrically connected to the controller.

5. The automatic shield tail clearance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the slider is connected to the arc groove through a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a bevel gear set, a gear, a rack and a support wheel. The driving motor is located in the slider, and the driving motor is connected to the gear through the bevel gear set. The gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the slider, the rack is distributed along the arc groove, the gear matches the rack, and the support wheels are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the slider.

6. The automatic shield tail clearance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the slider is connected to the arc groove through a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism includes a support tube, a limiting wheel and a clamping assembly. The support tube is fixed on both sides of the slider, and the limiting wheel is fixed on the support tube. An annular groove is provided on the limiting wheel, and guide grooves are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the arc groove. The guide grooves match the annular grooves, and rollers are provided on the annular groove. The rollers are supported on the guide grooves. The clamping assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder and a telescopic rod. The hydraulic cylinder is provided on the slider, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the limiting wheel through the piston rod, and passes through the limiting wheel to press against the side wall of the guide groove.

7. The automatic shield tail clearance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic measuring device also includes a wireless remote controller, which is provided with a remote controller display screen, a host computer interlocking key, a host computer interlocking release key, a cylinder extending key, a cylinder retracting key and an emergency stop key.

8. A measuring method for a shield tail gap automatic measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) Connect the interface of the automatic measuring device to the host computer system of the shield machine through the PLC, and interlock it with the cutterhead to synchronize the extension and retraction of the cylinder with the rotation of the cutterhead; 2) Determine the measuring position of the automatic measuring device according to the moving position of the shield machine, move the automatic measuring device along the arc groove on the outer circumference of the shield tail to the required position through the driving mechanism, and then fix it; 3) The measuring mechanism is then activated, and the piston rod of the measuring mechanism drives the contact sensor to move, causing the contact sensor to touch the pipe segment and generate a signal feedback to the controller, causing the piston rod to stop extending. The vortex flowmeter transmits the flow value to the host computer system. The host computer system calculates the elongation of the cylinder based on the ratio between the flow value and the cylinder diameter, and obtains the shield tail clearance value; 4) After the host computer system or wireless remote control receives the accumulated total flow value T, it calculates the piston rod extension length L=T / S, where S is the cylinder diameter of the cylinder body and L is the measured shield tail clearance value, and displays it through the host computer system or wireless remote control.

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