A dual-slant polarization antenna unit suitable for broadband high-power transmitting array

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual oblique polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array, and belongs to the technical field of broadband array antennas. It includes a wide-angle matching layer, a metal parasitic layer, a radiating part, a feeding part and a metal reflective cavity arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the radiating part is mainly composed of two dipoles; each dipole includes two opposite dipole arms; the feeding part includes a cylindrical support structure connected to the corresponding dipoles respectively; the cylindrical support structures are all cylindrical structures and the four cylindrical support structures are respectively connected directly below the inner corners of the dipole arms; the inner corners of the two dipole arms opposite to the same dipole are provided with through holes; the diameter of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical support structure, and a coaxial feed line is provided in one of the cylindrical support structures corresponding to the two dipoles respectively; the top of the coaxial feed line is connected to the other dipole arm of the same dipole through a coaxial probe. The present invention has a simple and compact structure, is easy to process, and is suitable for large-scale array formation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of broadband array antennas, and in particular to a dual-slant polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array. Background Art

[0002] In mobile communication systems, since the state change of terminal equipment will lead to uncertainty in polarization, base station equipment usually uses dual-slant polarization transceiver antennas to improve the stability of the transceiver link. In scattering communication systems, the use of polarization diversity can improve the reliability and confidentiality of communication. In the field of electronic countermeasures, the polarization characteristics of the target signal are unknown, and dual-polarization detection can detect the polarization characteristics of unknown signals. Dual-polarization interference can achieve flexible and variable interference polarization patterns and improve the interference effect. In radars for meteorological target detection, the use of dual-polarization radar systems makes it easier to determine the subtle features of the target, thereby improving the accuracy of weather forecasts. Therefore, dual-polarization antennas have broad application prospects in the fields of frequency reuse, integrated transceiver, polarization agility, and diversity. At the same time, in order to meet the increasing demand for higher information transmission rates, it is particularly urgent to design phased array antennas with larger working bandwidths. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a dual oblique polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array. The unit has a simple and compact structure, is easy to process, and is suitable for large-scale array formation.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A dual oblique polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array comprises a wide-angle matching layer, a metal parasitic layer, a radiation part, a feeding part and a metal reflection cavity arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0006] The radiation part is mainly composed of two orthogonal dipoles; each dipole includes two opposite dipole arms; both dipole arms are square ring structures;

[0007] The feeding part adopts a coaxial balun for feeding, and the coaxial balun also serves as a supporting structure of the radiation part and a quarter-wavelength impedance transformer for adjusting the working bandwidth.

[0008] Furthermore, extension branches vertically connected to the four dipole arms are provided directly below the outer corners of the four dipole arms.

[0009] Furthermore, the feeding part includes a cylindrical support structure respectively connected to the corresponding dipole arms; there are four cylindrical support structures in total, and the four cylindrical support structures are respectively connected directly below the inner corners of the dipole arms; the inner corners of the two opposite dipole arms of the same dipole are each provided with a through hole; the inner diameter of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical support structure, and the central axis of the through hole coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical support structure directly below it; a coaxial feed line is respectively provided in one of the cylindrical support structures corresponding to the two dipoles; the top end of the coaxial feed line is connected to the other dipole arm of the same dipole through a coaxial probe; the coaxial probes respectively corresponding to the two dipoles do not touch;

[0010] The bottom end of the cylindrical support structure with a coaxial feed line inside penetrates the bottom of the metal reflection cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the metal reflection cavity is a polygonal structure, which is symmetrically located directly below the radiation unit and is used to change the boundary conditions between adjacent units after the array is formed, thereby improving the impedance matching characteristics of high frequencies.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the metal reflection cavity is a metal base plate of the antenna, the outer contour of the metal reflection cavity is the same as the base plate, and four metal mounting holes are reserved.

[0013] Furthermore, there is a spacing between the metal parasitic layer and the radiation part, and there is a spacing between the metal parasitic layer and the wide-angle matching layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the four cylindrical support structures are an integrated structure, and the four cylindrical support structures are separated by a cross groove with depth.

[0015] Furthermore, the wide-angle matching layer is made of a FR4 dielectric substrate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention can improve the low-frequency impedance matching characteristics and expand the low-frequency working bandwidth by adjusting the extension branches at the end of the dipole arm. Adjusting the height and wall thickness of the metal reflection cavity can change the boundary conditions of the array element group, optimize the mutual coupling between the array elements, move the high-frequency resonance point out of the working frequency band, and improve the high-frequency impedance matching characteristics. In addition, the antenna radiator and the metal cavity of the present invention can be integrally processed and formed by metal milling technology, which is easy to manufacture and suitable for forming a large-scale transmitting array.

[0018] The final design shows that the antenna unit has good broadband characteristics when used as an array unit. The standing wave ratio is less than 3 within a bandwidth of 2 times or even wider, and it has good radiation performance and high gain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1It is a structural explosion diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A side view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a local structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cylindrical support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a standing wave curve in an array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is the array radiation pattern at 0.96 GHz of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is the array radiation pattern at 1.5 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is the array radiation pattern at 2 GHz of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 The figure is a structural diagram of the antenna array of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. wide-angle matching layer, 2. metal parasitic layer, 3. radiation part, 4. feeding part, 5. metal reflection cavity, 31. dipole arm, 32. through hole, 33. coaxial probe, 41. coaxial feed line, 42. cylindrical support structure, 43. cross slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0031] A dual oblique polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array comprises a wide-angle matching layer, a metal parasitic layer, a radiation part, a feeding part and a metal reflection cavity arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0032] The radiation part is mainly composed of two orthogonal dipoles; each dipole includes two opposite dipole arms; both dipole arms are square ring structures;

[0033] The feeding part comprises cylindrical support structures respectively connected to corresponding dipoles; there are four cylindrical support structures in total, all of which are cylindrical structures and are respectively connected directly below the inner corners of the dipole arms; through holes are provided at the inner corners of two opposite dipole arms of the same dipole; the diameter of the through hole is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical support structure, and the central axis of the through hole coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical support structure directly below it;

[0034] A coaxial feed line is provided in one of the cylindrical support structures corresponding to the two dipoles respectively; the top end of the coaxial feed line is connected to the other dipole arm of the same dipole through a coaxial probe; the coaxial probes corresponding to the two dipoles are not in contact;

[0035] The bottom end of the cylindrical support structure with a coaxial feed line inside penetrates the bottom of the metal reflection cavity.

[0036] Furthermore, extension branches vertically connected to the four dipole arms are provided directly below the outer corners of the four dipole arms.

[0037] Furthermore, the feeding part adopts a coaxial balun for feeding, and the coaxial balun also serves as a supporting structure of the radiation part and a quarter-wavelength impedance transformer for adjusting the working bandwidth.

[0038] Furthermore, the metal reflection cavity is a polygonal structure, which is symmetrically located directly below the radiation unit and is used to change the boundary conditions between adjacent units after the array is formed, thereby improving the impedance matching characteristics of high frequencies.

[0039] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the metal reflection cavity is a metal base plate of the antenna, the outer contour of the metal reflection cavity is the same as the base plate, and four metal mounting holes are reserved.

[0040] Furthermore, there is a spacing between the metal parasitic layer and the radiation part, and there is a spacing between the metal parasitic layer and the wide-angle matching layer.

[0041] Furthermore, the wide-angle matching layer is made of a FR4 dielectric substrate.

[0042] The following is a more specific embodiment:

[0043] This embodiment includes structures such as a radiation part, a feeding part, a metal parasitic layer, a wide-angle matching layer and a metal reflection cavity of the antenna unit, and the wide-angle matching layer, the metal parasitic layer, the radiation part, the feeding part and the metal reflection cavity are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0044] The wide-angle matching layer is made of a FR4 dielectric substrate with all the copper on both sides cleaned off, in order to improve the active standing wave when the array antenna is scanning at a large angle.

[0045] The metal parasitic layer is a square metal plate, which is used to improve the active standing wave during the normal radiation of the array antenna.

[0046] The radiation part is composed of two dipoles arranged symmetrically in a diamond shape, and each dipole arm is in a shape similar to a square ring. By adjusting the lateral size, thickness, hollow size and other parameters of the dipole arm, the impedance matching is optimized, the working bandwidth of the array antenna is expanded, and good radiation of electromagnetic waves is achieved.

[0047] For the feeding part, coaxial balun feeding is selected. The inner and outer conductors of the coaxial feed line are respectively connected to the two cylindrical supporting structures of the cross dipole, and also serve as a quarter-wavelength impedance transformer to adjust the working bandwidth and the supporting structure of the radiating part of the antenna unit.

[0048] The metal reflective cavity is a regular polygon that surrounds the feeding area and is symmetrically distributed below the radiating unit. Metal vias are opened on the edges to install and fix the antenna array elements. By introducing the metal reflective cavity, the boundary conditions between adjacent elements after the array can be changed, thereby improving the impedance matching characteristics of the high-frequency part within the working frequency band.

[0049] The end of the dipole arm of the radiation part is longitudinally extended with branches to improve the impedance matching characteristics of the low-frequency part within the working frequency band. The four cylindrical support structures are an integrated structure, and the four cylindrical support structures are separated by deep cross slots. By adding the cross slot structure, the impedance transformation matching process can be optimized and the matching characteristics within the working frequency band can be improved.

[0050] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The entire antenna unit includes a wide-angle matching layer 1, a metal parasitic layer 2, an antenna unit radiation part 3, a feeding part 4, and a metal reflection cavity 5. The antenna has an operating bandwidth of 0.96GHz-2GHz, a size of 105mm×105mm×90mm, and an array element spacing of 0.7λ. high The wide-angle matching layer 1 is a FR4 dielectric substrate with a thickness of 2 mm, the metal parasitic layer 2 is a metal flat plate with a thickness of 1 mm, the antenna radiation unit part 3 is 46.3 mm away from the bottom of the metal reflection cavity, and the height of the metal reflection cavity 5 is 37 mm.

[0051] The performance of the present invention is as follows:

[0052] Figure 5 1 is a standing wave curve actually measured in an array according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 8 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Array directional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Fig. 9 Array structure diagram of antenna array in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] from Figure 5 It can be seen that the antenna has an active standing wave ratio of less than 2.5 in the frequency band of 0.96GHz to 2GHz, and has good impedance matching characteristics. Figure 8 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that the antenna has good array radiation characteristics within the working frequency band and is suitable for use as an array element of a large-scale array. Fig. 9 .

[0056] The above is only one embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that any modifications and changes made without departing from the principle and concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-slant polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array, characterized in that: The method comprises arranging a wide-angle matching layer, a metal parasitic layer, a radiation part, a feeding part and a metal reflection cavity in sequence from top to bottom; The radiation part is mainly composed of two orthogonal dipoles; each dipole includes two opposite dipole arms; both dipole arms are square ring structures; The feeding part adopts a coaxial balun for feeding, and the coaxial balun also serves as a supporting structure of the radiation part and a quarter-wavelength impedance transformer for adjusting the working bandwidth; an extension branch vertically connected to the four dipole arms is provided directly below the outer corners; the feeding part includes a cylindrical support structure respectively connected to the corresponding dipole arms; there are four cylindrical support structures in total, and the four cylindrical support structures are respectively connected directly below the inner corners of the dipole arms; through holes are provided at the inner corners of the two opposite dipole arms of the same dipole; the inner diameter of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical support structure, and the central axis of the through hole coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical support structure directly below it; a coaxial feed line is provided in one of the cylindrical support structures corresponding to the two dipoles; the top end of the coaxial feed line is connected to the other dipole arm of the same dipole through a coaxial probe; the coaxial probes corresponding to the two dipoles are not in contact; The bottom end of the cylindrical support structure with a coaxial feed line inside penetrates the bottom of the metal reflection cavity.

2. A dual slant polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal reflection cavity is a polygonal structure, which is symmetrically located directly below the radiation units and is used to change the boundary conditions between adjacent units after the array is formed, thereby improving the impedance matching characteristics of high frequencies.

3. A dual slant polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the metal reflection cavity is the metal bottom plate of the antenna. The outer contour of the metal reflection cavity is the same as the bottom plate, and 4 metal mounting holes are reserved.

4. The dual slant polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a gap between the metal parasitic layer and the radiation part, and there is a gap between the metal parasitic layer and the wide-angle matching layer.

5. The dual-slant polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wide-angle matching layer is made of FR4 dielectric substrate.

6. The dual-slant polarization antenna unit suitable for a broadband high-power transmitting array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four cylindrical support structures are an integrated structure, and the four cylindrical support structures are separated by cross grooves with depth.

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