Positioning measurement data reported via L1 or L2 signaling

Abstract

A technology for wireless communication is disclosed. In one aspect, a UE obtains measurement data associated with at least one PRS. The UE sends a first PSI report to a BS in a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data. The UE also sends a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 005,030, filed on April 3, 2020, entitled “POSITIONING MEASUREMENT DATA REPORTED VIA L1 OR L2 SIGNALING,” and U.S. Non-Provisional Application No. 17 / 158,217, filed on January 26, 2021, entitled “POSITIONING MEASUREMENT DATA REPORTED VIA L1 OR L2 SIGNALING,” both of which are assigned to the assignee of this application and are hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems have evolved over many generations, including first generation analog wireless telephone service (1G), second generation (2G) digital wireless telephone service (including temporary 2.5G networks), third generation (3G) high speed data, Internet-enabled wireless services, and fourth generation (4G) services (e.g., LTE or WiMax). Currently, many different types of wireless communication systems are used, including cellular and personal communications service (PCS) systems. Examples of known cellular systems include the cellular analog Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), and digital cellular systems based on code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), global system for mobile access (GSM) variants of TDMA, and the like.

[0005] The fifth generation (5G) wireless standard, called New Radio (NR), enables, among other improvements, higher data transfer speeds, a greater number of connections, and better coverage. According to the Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance, the 5G standard is designed to provide data rates of tens of megabits per second to each of tens of thousands of users and 1 gigabit per second to dozens of workers on an office floor. To support large wireless sensor deployments, hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections should be supported. Therefore, the spectral efficiency of 5G mobile communications should be significantly improved compared to the current 4G standard. In addition, signaling efficiency should be improved and latency should be significantly reduced compared to the current standard. Summary of the invention

[0006] A simplified summary related to one or more aspects disclosed herein is presented below. Therefore, the following summary should not be considered as a broad overview related to all expected aspects, nor should it be considered as identifying key or important elements related to all expected aspects, or delineating the scope associated with any particular aspect. Therefore, the sole purpose of the following summary is to present certain concepts related to one or more aspects related to the mechanisms disclosed herein in a simplified form prior to the detailed description presented below.

[0007] On the one hand, a method for operating a user equipment (UE) includes: obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); sending a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) in a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and sending a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0008] On the other hand, a method for operating a base station (BS) includes receiving a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) in a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS), and receiving a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0009] On the other hand, a user equipment (UE) includes: a component for obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); a component for sending a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) in a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and a component for sending a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0010] On the other hand, a base station (BS) includes: a component for receiving a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) in a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); and a component for receiving a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0011] On the other hand, a user equipment (UE) includes a memory, at least one transceiver, and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor being configured to obtain measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS), send a first PSI report to a base station (BS) in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, and send a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0012] On the other hand, a base station (BS) includes a memory, at least one transceiver, and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor being configured to receive a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) in a first PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); and receive a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0013] On the other hand, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions includes at least one instruction instructing a user equipment (UE) to obtain measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS), at least one instruction instructing the UE to send a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) in a first PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, and at least one instruction instructing the UE to send a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0014] On the other hand, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions includes at least one instruction instructing a base station (BS) to receive a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) in a first PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS), and at least one instruction instructing the BS to receive a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0015] Other objects and advantages associated with the aspects disclosed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the accompanying drawings and detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings are provided to aid in describing the various aspects of the disclosure and are provided solely for purposes of illustration of the aspects and not limitation thereof.

[0017] Figure 1

[0013] An exemplary wireless communication system in accordance with various aspects is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 2A and Figure 2B Example wireless network structures in accordance with various aspects are illustrated.

[0019] FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C is a simplified block diagram of several sample aspects of components that may be employed in a wireless communication node and configured to support communications as taught herein.

[0020] Figure 4A and Figure 4Bis a diagram illustrating an example of a frame structure and channels within the frame structure according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 5 Exemplary PRS configurations for cells supported by a wireless node are illustrated.

[0022] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A method of wireless communication according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the following description and related drawings, various aspects of the present disclosure are provided for various examples provided for illustrative purposes. Alternative aspects may be designed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, elements well known in the present disclosure will not be described in detail, or will be omitted to avoid blurring the relevant details of the present disclosure.

[0024] The words "exemplary" and / or "example" are used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" and / or "example" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Likewise, the term "aspects of the disclosure" does not require that all aspects of the disclosure include the discussed feature, advantage, or mode of operation.

[0025] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the information and signals described below may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and technologies. For example, depending in part on the specific application, in part on the desired design, in part on the corresponding technology, etc., the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips cited throughout the following description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0026] In addition, multiple aspects can be described in terms of, for example, a sequence of actions to be performed by elements of a computing device. It will be appreciated that the various actions described herein can be performed by a specific circuit (e.g., an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), by program instructions executed by one or more processors, or by a combination of the two. In addition, it can be considered that the (multiple) action sequences described herein are fully implemented in any form of non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a corresponding computer instruction set stored thereon, which, when executed, will cause or instruct the associated processor of the device to perform the functions described herein. Therefore, various aspects of the present disclosure can be implemented in several different forms, all of which are expected to be within the scope of the claimed subject matter. In addition, for each aspect described herein, the corresponding form of any such aspect can be described herein as, for example, "logic is configured to" perform the described actions.

[0027] As used herein, unless otherwise noted, the terms "user equipment" (UE) and "base station" (BS) are not intended to be specific or otherwise limited to any particular radio access technology (RAT). In general, a UE can be any wireless communication device (e.g., a mobile phone, a router, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a tracking device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, glasses, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) headsets, etc.), a vehicle (e.g., a car, a motorcycle, a bicycle, etc.), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, etc.) used by a user to communicate on a wireless communication network. A UE can be mobile or can be stationary (e.g., at certain times) and can communicate with a radio access network (RAN). As used herein, the term "UE" can be interchangeably referred to as an "access terminal" or "AT", "client device", "wireless device", "subscriber equipment", "subscriber terminal", "subscriber station", "user terminal" or "UT", "mobile terminal", "mobile station", or variations thereof. Typically, a UE can communicate with a core network via a RAN, and through the core network, the UE can connect to external networks such as the Internet and to other UEs. Of course, other mechanisms for the UE to connect to the core network and / or the Internet are also possible, such as through a wired access network, a wireless local area network (WLAN) network (eg, based on IEEE 802.11, etc.), and the like.

[0028] Depending on the network in which it is deployed, a base station may communicate with a UE according to one of several RATs, and may alternatively be referred to as an access point (AP), a network node, a NodeB, an evolved NodeB (eNB), a new radio (NR) Node B (also referred to as a gNB or gNodeB), etc. In addition, in some systems, a base station may provide only edge node signaling functions, while in other systems, a base station may provide additional control and / or network management functions. The communication link through which a UE may signal a base station is referred to as an uplink (UL) channel (e.g., a reverse traffic channel, a reverse control channel, an access channel, etc.). The communication link through which a base station may signal a UE is referred to as a downlink (DL) or forward link channel (e.g., a paging channel, a control channel, a broadcast channel, a forward traffic channel, etc.). As used herein, the term traffic channel (TCH) may refer to a UL / reverse or DL / forward traffic channel.

[0029] The term "base station" may refer to a single physical transmit-receive point (TRP) or to multiple physical TRPs that may or may not be co-located. For example, where the term "base station" refers to a single physical TRP, the physical TRP may be an antenna of the base station corresponding to the cell of the base station. Where the term "base station" refers to multiple co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRP may be an array of antennas of the base station (e.g., in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system or where the base station uses beamforming). Where the term "base station" refers to multiple non-co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRP may be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source via a transmission medium) or a remote radio head (RRH) (a remote base station connected to a serving base station). Alternatively, the non-co-located physical TRPs may be a serving base station that receives measurement reports from a UE and a neighbor base station whose reference RF signal the UE is measuring. Since a TRP is a point through which a base station transmits and receives wireless signals, as used herein, references to transmissions from a base station or receptions at a base station will be understood to refer to a specific TRP of a base station.

[0030] An "RF signal" includes an electromagnetic wave of a given frequency that transmits information through space between a transmitter and a receiver. As used herein, a transmitter may transmit a single "RF signal" or multiple "RF signals" to a receiver. However, due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels, a receiver may receive multiple "RF signals" corresponding to each transmitted RF signal. The same transmitted RF signal on different paths between a transmitter and a receiver may be referred to as a "multipath" RF signal.

[0031] According to various aspects, Figure 1 An exemplary wireless communication system 100 is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 (which may also be referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) may include various base stations 102 and various UEs 104. The base stations 102 may include macrocell base stations (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cell base stations (low-power cellular base stations). In one aspect, the macrocell base station may include an eNB (where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an LTE network), or a gNB (where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an NR network), or a combination of both, and the small cell base station may include a femtocell, a picocell, a microcell, etc.

[0032] The base stations 102 may collectively form a RAN and connect to a core network 170 (e.g., an evolved packet core (EPC) or a next generation core (NGC)) via a backhaul link 122 and to one or more location servers 172 via the core network 170. The base stations 102 may perform, among other functions, functions related to one or more of: transmitting user data, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection establishment and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, RAN sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and device tracking, RAN information management (RIM), paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via EPC / NGC) over a backhaul link 134, which may be wired or wireless.

[0033] Base station 102 can communicate wirelessly with UE 104. Each of base stations 102 can provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographic coverage area 110. In one aspect, in each coverage area 110, one or more cells can be supported by base station 102. A "cell" is a logical communication entity used to communicate with a base station (e.g., through some frequency resources called carrier frequency, component carrier, carrier, frequency band, etc.), and can be associated with an identifier (e.g., physical cell identifier (PCI), virtual cell identifier (VCI)) used to distinguish cells operating on the same or different carrier frequencies. In some cases, different cells can be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., machine type communication (MTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) or other) that provide access to different types of UEs. Since a cell is supported by a specific base station, depending on the context, the term "cell" can refer to either or both of the logical communication entity and the base station that supports it. In some cases, the term "cell" can also refer to a geographic coverage area (e.g., sector) of a base station, where a carrier frequency can be detected and used for communication within certain parts of the geographic coverage area 110.

[0034] Although the geographic coverage areas 110 of adjacent macrocell base stations 102 may partially overlap (e.g., in a handover region), some of the geographic coverage areas 110 may be substantially overlapped by a larger geographic coverage area 110. For example, a small cell base station 102' may have a coverage area 110' that substantially overlaps with the coverage area 110 of one or more macrocell base stations 102. A network including small cells and macrocell base stations may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include a home eNB (HeNB), which may provide services to a restricted group referred to as a closed subscriber group (CSG).

[0035] The communication link 120 between the base station 102 and the UE 104 may include UL (also referred to as a reverse link) transmissions from the UE 104 to the base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as a forward link) transmissions from the base station 102 to the UE 104. The communication link 120 may use MIMO antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link 120 may be over one or more carrier frequencies. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric for DL ​​and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL ​​than for UL).

[0036] The wireless communication system 100 may also include a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) 150 that communicates with a WLAN station (STA) 152 in an unlicensed spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz) via a communication link 154. When communicating in the unlicensed spectrum, the WLAN STA 152 and / or the WLAN AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) or listen before talk (LBT) before communicating to determine whether the channel is available.

[0037] The small cell base station 102' can operate in licensed and / or unlicensed spectrum. When operating in the unlicensed spectrum, the small cell base station 102' can adopt LTE or NR technology and use the same 5GHz unlicensed spectrum used by the WLAN AP 150. The small cell base station 102' adopting LTE / 5G in the unlicensed spectrum can improve the coverage of the access network and / or increase its capacity. NR in the unlicensed spectrum can be referred to as NR-U. LTE in the unlicensed spectrum can be referred to as LTE-U, License Assisted Access (LAA) or MulteFire.

[0038] The wireless communication system 100 may also include a millimeter wave (mmW) base station 180, which can communicate with UE 182 at mmW frequencies and / or near mmW frequencies. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is part of RF in the electromagnetic spectrum. The range of EHF is 30GHz to 300GHz, and the wavelength is between 1 mm and 10 mm. The radio waves in this band can be called millimeter waves. Near mmW can be extended down to 3GHz frequencies with a wavelength of 100 mm. The super high frequency (SHF) band extends between 3GHz and 30GHz, which is also called centimeter waves. Communications using mmW / near mmW radio frequency bands have high path loss and relatively short range. The mmW base station 180 and UE 182 can utilize beamforming (transmitting and / or receiving) on ​​the mmW communication link 184 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range. In addition, it will be appreciated that in alternative configurations, one or more base stations 102 can also use mmW or near mmW and beamforming for transmission. Therefore, it will be appreciated that the foregoing description is merely an example, and should not be construed as limiting the various aspects disclosed herein.

[0039] Transmit beamforming is a technique for focusing an RF signal into a specific direction. Traditionally, when a network node (e.g., a base station) broadcasts an RF signal, it broadcasts the signal in all directions (omnidirectionally). With transmit beamforming, the network node determines where a given target device (e.g., a UE) is located (relative to the transmitting network node) and projects a stronger downlink RF signal in that specific direction, thereby providing a faster (in terms of data rate) and stronger RF signal to the (multiple) receiving devices. In order to change the directionality of the RF signal when it is transmitted, the network node can control the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signal at each of the one or more transmitters that are broadcasting the RF signal. For example, the network node can use an array of antennas (called a "phased array" or "antenna array") that produces beams of RF waves that can be "guided" to point to different directions without having to actually move the antennas. Specifically, the RF current from the transmitter is fed to each antenna in an accurate phase relationship so that the radio waves from different antennas are superimposed to increase the radiation in the desired direction while canceling to suppress the radiation in the undesired direction.

[0040] The transmit beams can be quasi-co-located, meaning that they appear to have the same parameters to the receiver (e.g., UE), regardless of whether the transmit antennas of the network nodes themselves are physically co-located. In NR, there are four types of quasi-co-located (QCL) relationships. Specifically, a given type of QCL relationship means that certain parameters about the second reference RF signal on the second beam can be derived from information about the source reference RF signal on the source beam. Therefore, if the source reference RF signal is QCL type A, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay and delay spread of the second reference RF signal sent on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL type B, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and Doppler spread of the second reference RF signal sent on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL type C, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and average delay of the second reference RF signal sent on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL type D, the receiver may use the source reference RF signal to estimate spatial reception parameters of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel.

[0041] In receive beamforming, a receiver uses a receive beam to amplify an RF signal detected on a given channel. For example, a receiver may increase a gain setting of an antenna array in a particular direction and / or adjust a phase setting of an antenna array in a particular direction to amplify (e.g., increase the gain level) RF signals received from that direction. Thus, when a receiver is considered to be beamforming in a direction, this means that the beam gain in that direction is high relative to beam gains along other directions, or that the beam gain in that direction is the highest compared to the beam gains in that direction of all other receive beams available to the receiver. This results in the RF signal received from that direction having a stronger received signal strength (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), etc.).

[0042] The receive beams may be spatially correlated. The spatial relationship means that the parameters of the transmit beam for the second reference signal may be derived from information about the receive beam for the first reference signal. For example, the UE may receive a reference downlink reference signal (e.g., a synchronization signal block (SSB)) from a base station using a particular receive beam. The UE may then form a transmit beam for transmitting an uplink reference signal (e.g., a sounding reference signal (SRS)) to the base station based on the parameters of the receive beam.

[0043] Note that a "downlink" beam can be either a transmit beam or a receive beam, depending on the entity forming the beam. For example, if the base station is forming a downlink beam to send a reference signal to the UE, the downlink beam is a transmit beam. However, if the UE is forming a downlink beam, it is a receive beam for receiving downlink reference signals. Similarly, an "uplink" beam can be either a transmit beam or a receive beam, depending on the entity forming the beam. For example, if the base station is forming an uplink beam, it is an uplink receive beam, and if the UE is forming an uplink beam, it is an uplink transmit beam.

[0044] In 5G, the spectrum in which wireless nodes (e.g., base stations 102 / 180, UEs 104 / 182) operate is divided into multiple frequency ranges, FR1 (from 450 to 6000 MHz), FR2 (from 24250 to 52600 MHz), FR3 (above 52600 MHz), and FR4 (between FR1 and FR2). In a multi-carrier system (such as 5G), one of the carrier frequencies is called the "primary carrier" or "anchor carrier" or "primary serving cell" or "PCell", and the remaining carrier frequencies are called "secondary carriers" or "secondary serving cells" or "SCells". In carrier aggregation, the anchor carrier is a carrier operating on the primary frequency (e.g., FR1) used by the UE 104 / 182 and the cell in which the UE 104 / 182 either performs an initial radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates an RRC connection re-establishment procedure. The primary carrier carries all common and UE-specific control channels and can be a carrier in a licensed frequency (however, this is not always the case). A secondary carrier is a carrier operating on a second frequency (e.g., FR2) that can be configured once an RRC connection is established between the UE 104 and the anchor carrier, and that can be used to provide additional radio resources. In some cases, the secondary carrier may be a carrier in an unlicensed frequency. The secondary carrier may contain only necessary signaling information and signals, such as those specific to the UE, which may not be present in the secondary carrier, because both the primary uplink and downlink carriers are typically UE-specific. This means that different UEs 104 / 182 in a cell may have different downlink primary carriers. This is also true for the uplink primary carrier. The network is able to change the primary carrier of any UE 104 / 182 at any time. For example, this is done to balance the load on different carriers. Since a "serving cell" (either a PCell or SCell) corresponds to a carrier frequency / component carrier on which some base stations are communicating, the terms "cell", "serving cell", "component carrier", "carrier frequency", etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0045] For example, still refer to Figure 1, one of the frequencies used by macrocell base station 102 may be an anchor carrier (or "PCell"), and the other frequencies used by macrocell base station 102 and / or mmW base station 180 may be secondary carriers ("SCells"). Simultaneous transmission and / or reception of multiple carriers enables UE 104 / 182 to significantly increase its data transmission and / or reception rate. For example, two 20 MHz aggregated carriers in a multi-carrier system will theoretically typically result in a two-fold increase in data rate (i.e., 40 MHz) compared to the data rate obtained by a single 20 MHz carrier.

[0046] The wireless communication system 100 may also include one or more UEs (such as UE 190) that are indirectly connected to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) or peer-to-peer (P2P) links. Figure 1 In the example of FIG. 1 , UE 190 has a D2D P2P link 192 with one of UEs 104 connected to one of base stations 102 (e.g., through which UE 190 can indirectly obtain cellular connectivity) and a D2D P2P link 194 with a WLAN STA 152 connected to a WLAN AP 150 (through which UE 190 can indirectly obtain WLAN-based Internet connectivity). In the example, D2D P2P links 192 and 194 can be provided by LTE Direct (LTE-D), WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), Any well-known D2D RAT such as .

[0047] The wireless communication system 100 may also include a UE 164 that may communicate with the macrocell base station 102 over the communication link 120 and / or with the mmW base station 180 over the mmW communication link 184. For example, the macrocell base station 102 may support a PCell and one or more SCells for the UE 164, and the mmW base station 180 may support one or more SCells for the UE 164.

[0048] According to various aspects, Figure 2AAn example wireless network structure 200 is illustrated. For example, the NGC 210 (also referred to as "5GC") can be functionally viewed as a control plane function 214 (e.g., UE registration, authentication, network access, gateway selection, etc.) and a user plane function 212 (e.g., UE gateway function, access data network, IP routing, etc.), which operate in coordination to form a core network. The user plane interface (NG-U) 213 and the control plane interface (NG-C) 215 connect the gNB 222 to the NGC 210, and in particular the control plane function 214 and the user plane function 212. In an additional configuration, the eNB 224 can also be connected to the NGC 210 via the NG-C 215 to the control plane function 214 and the NG-U 213 to the user plane function 212. In addition, the eNB 224 can communicate directly with the gNB 222 via the backhaul connection 223. In some configurations, the new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNBs 222, while other configurations include one or more of the eNBs 224 and the gNBs 222. The gNB 222 or the eNB 224 may communicate with the UE 204 (e.g., Figure 1 210 to provide location assistance for UE 204. The location server 230 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively may each correspond to a single server. The location server 230 may be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 204, which may be connected to the location server 230 via the core network, the NGC 210, and / or via the Internet (not shown). In addition, the location server 230 may be integrated into a component of the core network, or alternatively may be external to the core network.

[0049] According to various aspects, Figure 2BAnother example wireless network structure 250 is illustrated. For example, the NGC 260 (also referred to as "5GC") can be functionally viewed as a control plane function provided by an access and mobility management function (AMF) / user plane function (UPF) 264, and a user plane function provided by a session management function (SMF) 262, which operate in conjunction to form a core network (i.e., the NGC 260). The user plane interface 263 and the control plane interface 265 connect the eNB 224 to the NGC 260, and specifically to the SMF 262 and the AMF / UPF 264, respectively. In an additional configuration, the gNB 222 may also be connected to the NGC 260 via a control plane interface 265 to the AMF / UPF 264 and a user plane interface 263 to the SMF 262. In addition, the eNB 224 may communicate directly with the gNB 222 via a backhaul connection 223 with or without a gNB direct connection to the NGC 260. In some configurations, the new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNBs 222, while other configurations include one or more of both eNBs 224 and gNBs 222. The gNB 222 or the eNB 224 may communicate with the UE 204 (e.g., Figure 1 The base station of the new RAN 220 communicates with the AMF side of the AMF / UPF 264 via the N2 interface, and communicates with the UPF side of the AMF / UPF 264 via the N3 interface.

[0050] The functions of AMF include registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful interception, transmission of session management (SM) messages between UE 204 and SMF 262, transparent proxy service for routing SM messages, access authentication and access authorization, transmission of short message service (SMS) messages between UE 204 and short message service function (SMSF) (not shown), and security anchor function (SEAF). AMF also interacts with authentication server function (AUSF) (not shown) and UE 204, and receives intermediate keys created as a result of the UE 204 authentication process. In the case of authentication based on UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) User Identity Module (USIM), AMF retrieves security materials from AUSF. The functions of AMF also include security context management (SCM). SCM receives keys from SEAF that it uses to derive access network specific keys. The functions of AMF also include location service management for regulatory services, transmission of location service messages between UE 204 and location management function (LMF) 270 and between new RAN 220 and LMF 270, EPS bearer identifier allocation for interworking with Evolved Packet System (EPS), and UE 204 mobility event notification. In addition, AMF also supports functions for non-3GPP access networks.

[0051] The functions of the UPF include acting as an anchor point for intra / inter-RAT mobility (when applicable), acting as an external protocol data unit (PDU) session point for interconnection to a data network (not shown), providing packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection, user plane policy rule enforcement (e.g., gating, redirection, traffic steering), lawful interception (user plane collection), traffic usage reporting, Quality of Service (QoS) processing for the user plane (e.g., UL / DL rate enforcement, reflective QoS marking in DL), UL traffic verification (mapping of service data flows (SDFs) to QoS flows), transport level packet marking in UL and DL, DL packet buffering and DL data notification triggering, and issuing and forwarding one or more "end markers" to the source RAN node.

[0052] The functions of SMF 262 include session management, UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane functions, configuration of traffic steering on UPF for routing traffic to the appropriate destination, control of part of policy implementation and QoS, and downlink data notification. The interface through which SMF 262 communicates with the AMF side of AMF / UPF 264 is called the N11 interface.

[0053] Another optional aspect may include an LMF 270 that can communicate with the NGC 260 to provide location assistance for the UE 204. The LMF 270 can be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively each LMF 270 can correspond to a single server. The LMF 270 can be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 204 that can connect to the LMF 270 via the core network NGC 260 and / or via the Internet (not shown).

[0054] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C Several example components (represented by corresponding boxes) are illustrated that may be incorporated into a UE 302 (which may correspond to any UE described herein), a base station 304 (which may correspond to any base station described herein), and a network entity 306 (which may correspond to or include any network function described herein, including a location server 230 and an LMF 270) to support the file transfer operations taught herein. It will be understood that in different implementations, these components may be implemented in different types of devices (e.g., in an ASIC, in a system on a chip (SoC), etc.). The components shown may also be incorporated into other devices in a communication system. For example, other devices in the system may include components similar to those described as providing similar functionality. Likewise, a given device may include one or more of the components. For example, a device may include multiple transceiver components that enable the device to operate on multiple carriers and / or communicate via different technologies.

[0055] UE 302 and base station 304 each include a wireless wide area network (WWAN) transceiver 310 and 350, respectively, configured to communicate via one or more wireless communication networks (not shown) (such as NR network, LTE network, GSM network, etc.). WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 can be connected to one or more antennas 316 and 356, respectively, for communicating with other network nodes (such as other UEs, access points, base stations (e.g., eNBs, gNBs), etc.) via at least one designated RAT (e.g., NR, LTE, GSM, etc.) over a wireless communication medium of interest (e.g., a certain set of time / frequency resources in a specific spectrum). Depending on the designated RAT, WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 can be configured differently for sending and encoding signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.), respectively, and conversely for receiving and decoding signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.), respectively. Specifically, transceivers 310 and 350 include one or more transmitters 314 and 354, respectively, for transmitting and encoding signals 318 and 358, respectively, and one or more receivers 312 and 352, respectively, for receiving and decoding signals 318 and 358, respectively.

[0056] At least in some cases, UE 302 and base station 304 also include wireless local area network (WLAN) transceivers 320 and 360, respectively. WLAN transceivers 320 and 360 can be connected to one or more antennas 326 and 366, respectively, for communicating via at least one designated RAT (e.g., WiFi, LTE-D, The WLAN transceivers 320 and 360 may be configured to transmit and encode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.) and to receive and decode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.) respectively, depending on the specified RAT. Specifically, the transceivers 320 and 360 include one or more transmitters 324 and 364 for transmitting and encoding signals 328 and 368, respectively, and one or more receivers 322 and 362 for receiving and decoding signals 328 and 368, respectively.

[0057] The transceiver circuitry including the transmitter and the receiver may include an integrated device (e.g., a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit implemented as a single communication device) in some implementations, may include a separate transmitter device and a separate receiver device in some implementations, or may be implemented in other ways in other implementations. In one aspect, the transmitter may include or be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 336, and 376), such as an antenna array described herein that allows the corresponding device to perform transmit "beamforming." Similarly, the receiver may include or be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 336, and 376), such as an antenna array described herein that allows the corresponding device to perform receive beamforming. In one aspect, the transmitter and receiver may share the same multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 336, and 376) so that the corresponding device can only receive or transmit at a given time, but not simultaneously. The wireless communication device of apparatus 302 and / or 304 (eg, one or both of transceivers 310 and 320 and / or 350 and 360 ) may also include a network listening module (NLM) or the like for performing various measurements.

[0058] At least in some cases, the device 302 and the base station 304 may also include satellite positioning system (SPS) receivers 330 and 370. The SPS receivers 330 and 370 may be connected to one or more antennas 336 and 376, respectively, for receiving SPS signals 338 and 378, such as global positioning system (GPS) signals, global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) signals, Galileo signals, Beidou signals, Indian regional navigation satellite system (NAVIC), Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), etc. The SPS receivers 330 and 370 may include any suitable hardware and / or software for receiving and processing the SPS signals 338 and 378, respectively. The SPS receivers 330 and 370 request information and operations from other systems as appropriate, and perform calculations necessary to determine the location of the device 302 and the base station 304 using measurements obtained by any suitable SPS algorithm.

[0059] The base station 304 and the network entity 306 each include at least one network interface 380 and 390, respectively, for communicating with other network entities. For example, the network interfaces 380 and 390 (e.g., one or more network access ports) can be configured to communicate with one or more network entities via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. In some aspects, the network interfaces 380 and 390 can be implemented as transceivers configured to support wired or wireless signal communication. The communication can involve, for example, sending and receiving messages, parameters, or other types of information.

[0060] The apparatuses 302, 304, and 306 also include other components that can be used with the operations disclosed herein. The UE 302 includes processor circuitry that implements a processing system 332 for providing processing functionality. The base station 304 includes a processing system 384 for providing processing functionality. The network entity 306 includes a processing system 394 for providing processing functionality. In one aspect, the processing systems 332, 384, and 394 can include, for example, one or more general-purpose processors, multi-core processors, ASICs, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices or processing circuits.

[0061] The apparatuses 302, 304, and 306 respectively include memory circuitry (e.g., each including a memory device) that implements memory components 340, 386, and 396 for maintaining information (e.g., information indicating reserved resources, thresholds, parameters, etc.). In some cases, the apparatuses 302, 304, and 306 can respectively include PRS measurement modules 342 and 388. The PRS measurement modules 342 and 388 can be hardware circuits that are respectively part of the processing systems 332, 384, and 394 or are respectively coupled to the processing systems 332, 384, and 394, which, when executed, cause the apparatuses 302, 304, and 306 to perform the functions described herein. Alternatively, the PRS measurement modules 342 and 388 can be memory modules (as FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C shown) respectively stored in the memory components 340, 386, and 396, which, when executed by the processing systems 332, 384, and 394, cause the apparatuses 302, 304, and 306 to perform the functions described herein.

[0062] The UE 302 can include one or more sensors 344 coupled to the processing system 332 to provide movement and / or orientation information independent of movement data derived from signals received by the WWAN transceiver 310, WLAN transceiver 320, and / or GPS receiver 330. As an example, the (one or more) sensors 344 can include accelerometers (e.g., microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices), gyroscopes, geomagnetic sensors (e.g., compasses), altimeters (e.g., barometric pressure altimeters), and / or other types of movement detection sensors. Additionally, the (one or more) sensors 344 can include multiple different types of devices and combine their outputs to provide movement information. For example, the (one or more) sensors 344 can use a combination of a multi-axis accelerometer and an orientation sensor to provide the function of calculating positions in a 2D and / or 3D coordinate system.

[0063] In addition, UE 302 includes a user interface 346 for providing indications to the user (e.g., audible and / or visual indications) and / or receiving user input (e.g., when the user activates a detection device (such as a keyboard, touch screen, microphone, etc.)). Although not shown, devices 304 and 306 may also include a user interface.

[0064] Referring to the processing system 384 in more detail, in the downlink, IP packets from the network entity 306 may be provided to the processing system 384. The processing system 384 may implement the functions of the RRC layer, the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. The processing system 384 can provide RRC layer functions associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., master information block (MIB), system information block (SIB)), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-RAT mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functions associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity checking), and switching support functions; RLC layer functions associated with transmission of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functions associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, scheduling information reporting, error correction, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0065] The transmitter 354 and the receiver 352 implement layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, including the physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transmission channel, forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding of the transmission channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. The transmitter 354 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols can then be split into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time domain and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. The channel estimate from the channel estimator may be used to determine the coding and modulation schemes, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback sent by the UE 302. Each spatial stream may then be provided to one or more different antennas 356. The transmitter 354 may modulate an RF carrier with a corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0066] At the UE 302, the receiver 312 receives the signal through its respective (multiple) antennas 316. The receiver 312 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to the processing system 332. The transmitter 314 and the receiver 312 implement layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. The receiver 312 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 302. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 302, they can be combined into a single OFDM symbol stream by the receiver 312. The receiver 312 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain using a fast Fourier transform (FFT). The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier and the reference signal are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation point sent by the base station 304. These soft decisions can be based on channel estimates calculated by a channel estimator. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally sent by the base station 304 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the processing system 332, which implements the layer 3 and layer 2 functions.

[0067] In the UL, the processing system 332 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the core network. The processing system 332 is also responsible for error detection.

[0068] Similar to the functions described in conjunction with the DL transmission of the base station 304, the processing system 332 provides RRC layer functions associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functions associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity checking); RLC layer functions associated with transmission of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functions associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs to transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority processing, and logical channel priority.

[0069] The transmitter 314 may select an appropriate coding and modulation scheme and facilitate spatial processing using channel estimates derived by a channel estimator from a reference signal or feedback sent by the base station 304. The spatial streams generated by the transmitter 314 may be provided to different antennas 316. The transmitter 314 may modulate an RF carrier with the corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0070] UL transmissions are processed at base station 304 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver functionality at UE 302. Receiver 352 receives the signal through its corresponding antenna(s) 356. Receiver 352 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to processing system 384.

[0071] In the UL, the processing system 384 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 302. The IP packets from the processing system 384 may be provided to the core network. The processing system 384 is also responsible for error detection.

[0072] For convenience, devices 302, 304 and / or 306 are FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C 1 and 2. The block diagram of FIG. 1 is shown to include various components that can be configured according to various examples described herein. However, it will be understood that the blocks shown can have different functions in different designs.

[0073] The various components of devices 302, 304, and 306 may communicate with each other via data buses 334, 382, ​​and 392, respectively. FIG. 3A to FIG. 3CThe components of can be implemented in various ways. In some implementations, FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C The components may be implemented in one or more circuits, such as one or more processors and / or one or more ASICs (which may include one or more processors). Here, each circuit may use and / or incorporate at least one memory component to store information or executable code used by the circuit to provide the function. For example, some or all of the functions represented by blocks 310 to 346 may be implemented by the processor and (multiple) memory components of UE 302 (e.g., by executing appropriate codes and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). Similarly, some or all of the functions represented by blocks 350 to 388 may be implemented by the processor and (multiple) memory components of base station 304 (e.g., by executing appropriate codes and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). Similarly, some or all of the functions represented by blocks 390 to 396 may be implemented by the processor and (multiple) memory components of network entity 306 (e.g., by executing appropriate codes and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor components). For simplicity, various operations, behaviors and / or functions are described herein as being performed by "UE", "by base station", "by positioning entity", etc. However, it will be understood that these operations, behaviors and / or functions may actually be performed by specific components or combinations of components of the UE, base station, positioning entity, etc., such as processing systems 332, 384, 394, transceivers 310, 320, 350 and 360, memory components 340, 386 and 396, PRS measurement modules 342 and 388, etc.

[0074] Figure 4A is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of a DL frame structure in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 4B is a diagram 430 illustrating an example of channels within a DL frame structure in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0075] LTE, and in some cases NR, use OFDM on the downlink and single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the uplink. However, unlike LTE, NR can also choose to use OFDM on the uplink as well. OFDM and SC-FDM divide the system bandwidth into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly called tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. In general, modulation symbols are sent in the frequency domain using OFDM and in the time domain using SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers can be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) can depend on the system bandwidth. For example, the spacing of the subcarriers can be 15kHz, and the minimum resource allocation (resource block) can be 12 subcarriers (or 180kHz). Therefore, for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 megahertz (MHz), the nominal FFT size can be equal to 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048, respectively. The system bandwidth can also be divided into subbands. For example, a subband may cover 1.08 MHz (ie, 6 resource blocks), and there may be 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 subbands for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 MHz, respectively.

[0076] LTE supports a single digital scheme (subcarrier spacing, symbol length, etc.). In contrast, NR can support multiple digital schemes, for example, 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, 120kHz, and 204kHz or larger subcarrier spacing may be available. Table 1 provided below lists some different parameters of different NR digital schemes.

[0077]

[0078] Table 1

[0079] exist Figure 4A and Figure 4B In the example of , a 15kHz digital scheme is used. Therefore, in the time domain, a frame (e.g. 10ms) is divided into 10 equally sized subframes, each 1ms, and each subframe includes one time slot. Figure 4A and Figure 4B , time is represented horizontally (eg, on the X-axis), where time increases from left to right, and frequency is represented vertically (eg, on the Y-axis), where frequency increases (or decreases) from bottom to top.

[0080] A resource grid can be used to represent time slots, each of which includes one or more time-concurrent resource blocks (RBs) (also called physical RBs (PRBs)) in the frequency domain. The resource grid is further divided into multiple resource elements (REs). An RE can correspond to one symbol length in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain. Figure 4A and Figure 4B In the digital scheme of , for a normal cyclic prefix, an RB can contain 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and 7 consecutive symbols in the time domain (for DL, OFDM symbols; for UL, SC-FDMA symbols), a total of 84 REs. For an extended cyclic prefix, an RB can contain 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and 6 consecutive symbols in the time domain, a total of 72 REs. The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0081] like Figure 4A As shown, some REs carry DL reference (pilot) signals (DL-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. DL-RS may include a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), with exemplary locations at Figure 4A are marked with an "R".

[0082] Figure 4B An example of various channels within a DL subframe of a frame is illustrated. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DL control information (DCI) within one or more control channel elements (CCEs), each CCE comprising nine RE groups (REGs), each REG comprising four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol. The DCI carries information about UL resource allocations (persistent and non-persistent) and a description of the DL data sent to the UE. Multiple (e.g., up to 8) DCIs can be configured in the PDCCH, and these DCIs can have one of a variety of formats. For example, there are different DCI formats for UL scheduling, non-MIMO DL scheduling, MIMO DL scheduling, and UL power control.

[0083] The UE uses the primary synchronization signal (PSS) to determine the subframe / symbol timing and the physical layer identity. The UE uses the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) to determine the physical layer cell identity group number and the radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine the PCI. Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the aforementioned DL-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying the MIB can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form an SSB (also called SS / PBCH). The MIB provides multiple RBs and a system frame number (SFN) in the DL system bandwidth. The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information that is not transmitted over the PBCH, such as system information blocks (SIBs) and paging messages.

[0084] In some cases, Figure 4A The DL RS shown in may be a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS). Figure 5 An exemplary PRS configuration 500 for a cell supported by a wireless node, such as base station 102, is illustrated. Figure 5 shows how to use the system frame number (SFN), cell-specific subframe offset (Δ PRS )552 and PRS period (T PRS ) 520 to determine the PRS positioning timing. Typically, the cell-specific PRS subframe configuration is determined by a “PRS configuration index” included in the observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) assistance data. PRS PRS period (T PRS )520 and cell-specific subframe offset (Δ PRS ) is based on PRS configuration index I PRS As shown in Table 2 below.

[0085]

[0086] Table 2

[0087] The PRS configuration is defined with reference to the SFN of the cell that transmits the PRS. PRS In the first subframe of a downlink subframe, a PRS instance may satisfy:

[0088]

[0089] Where n f is 0≤n f SFN ≤ 1023, n s is 0≤n s n≤19 f The timeslot number within the defined radio frame, T PRS is the PRS period 520, Δ PRSIt is the cell-specific subframe offset 552.

[0090] like Figure 5 As shown, the cell-specific subframe offset Δ PRS 552 may be defined according to the number of subframes transmitted from the beginning of system frame number 0 (time slot 'number 0', denoted as time slot 550) to the beginning of the first (subsequent) PRS positioning opportunity. Figure 5 In the example of FIG. 5 , the consecutive positioning subframes (N ) in each of the consecutive PRS positioning opportunities 518 a, 518 b, and 518 c are PRS ) is equal to 4. That is, each shaded block representing PRS positioning opportunities 518a, 518b, and 518c represents four subframes.

[0091] In some aspects, when a UE receives a PRS configuration index I in the OTDOA assistance data for a particular cell, PRS When the UE can use Table 2 to determine the PRS period T PRS 520 and PRS subframe offset Δ PRS . The UE may then determine the radio frame, subframe, and time slot when scheduling PRS in the cell (e.g., using equation (1)). The OTDOA assistance data may be determined, for example, by a location server (e.g., location server 230, LMF 270) and include assistance data for a reference cell and multiple neighboring cells supported by various base stations.

[0092] Typically, the PRS opportunities from all cells in the network using the same frequency are aligned in time and may have a fixed known time offset (e.g., cell-specific subframe offset 552) relative to other cells in the network using different frequencies. In a SFN synchronous network, all wireless nodes (e.g., base stations 102) may be aligned on frame boundaries and system frame numbers. Thus, in a SFN synchronous network, all cells supported by various wireless nodes may use the same PRS configuration index for any specific frequency of PRS transmission. On the other hand, in a SFN asynchronous network, various wireless nodes may be aligned on frame boundaries instead of system frame numbers. Thus, in a SFN asynchronous network, the PRS configuration index for each cell may be individually configured by the network so that the PRS opportunities are aligned in time.

[0093] If the UE can obtain the cell timing (e.g., SFN) of at least one of the cells (e.g., the reference cell or the serving cell), the UE can determine the timing of the PRS opportunities of the reference cell and the neighboring cells for OTDOA positioning. The UE can then derive the timing of other cells based on the assumption that, for example, the PRS opportunities from different cells overlap.

[0094] 3GPP Release 16 introduces various NR positioning aspects aimed at improving the position accuracy of positioning schemes involving (multiple) measurements associated with one or more UL or DL ​​PRS (e.g., higher bandwidth (BW), FR2 beam scanning, angle-based measurements such as angle of arrival (AoA) and angle of departure (AoD) measurements, multi-cell round trip time (RTT) measurements, etc.). If latency reduction is a priority, UE-based positioning techniques (e.g., DL-only techniques without UL position measurement reporting) are typically used. However, if latency is less important, UE-assisted positioning techniques can be used, whereby UE-measured data is reported to a network entity (e.g., location server 230, LMF 270, etc.). By implementing the LMF in the RAN, the latency associated with UE-assisted positioning techniques can be reduced to a certain extent.

[0095] Layer 3 (L3) signaling (e.g., RRC or Position Positioning Protocol (LPP)) is typically used to transmit reports including location-based data associated with UE-assisted positioning techniques. Compared to Layer 1 (L1 or PHY layer) signaling or Layer 2 (L2 or MAC layer) signaling, L3 signaling is associated with relatively high latency (e.g., above 100 ms). In some cases, lower latency (e.g., less than 100 ms, less than 10 ms, etc.) between the UE and the RAN for location-based reporting may be desired. In such cases, L3 signaling may not be able to achieve these lower latency levels. L3 signaling for positioning measurements may include any combination of the following:

[0096] ●One or more TOA, TDOA, RSRP or Rx-Tx measurements,

[0097] ● one or more AoA / AoD (e.g. currently only gNB->LMF is agreed to report DL AoA and UL AoD) measurements,

[0098] ● One or more multipath reporting measurements, e.g., per-path ToA, RSRP, AoA / AoD (e.g., currently only per-path ToA is allowed in LTE)

[0099] ● One or more motion states (e.g., walking, driving, etc.) and trajectories (e.g., currently for a UE), and / or

[0100] ●One or more report quality indicators.

[0101] L1 and L2 signaling are not currently used in association with PRS-based reporting. However, L1 and L2 signaling are currently used in some systems to transmit CSI reports (e.g., reports of channel quality indication (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), layer indicator (LIS), L1-RSRP, etc.). CSI reports may include a set of fields in a predefined order (e.g., defined by the relevant standard). A single UL transmission (e.g., on PUSCH or PUCCH) may include multiple reports (referred to herein as "sub-reports", which are arranged according to a predefined priority (e.g., defined by the relevant standard)). In some designs, the predefined order may be based on the associated sub-report periodicity (e.g., aperiodic / semi-persistent / periodic (A / SP / P) on PUSCH / PUCCH), measurement type (e.g., L1-RSRP or non-), serving cell index (e.g., in the case of carrier aggregation (CA)), and reportconfigID. With 2-part CSI reporting, part 1 of all reports are grouped together, part 2 is grouped separately, and each group is encoded separately (e.g., part 1 payload size is fixed based on configuration parameters, while part 2 size is variable and depends on configuration parameters and associated part 1 content). A number of coded bits / symbols to be output after coding and rate matching are calculated based on a number of input bits and beta factors according to the relevant standards. A link (e.g., time offset) is defined between the measured RS instance and the corresponding report.

[0102] Embodiments are directed to CSI-like reporting of PRS-based measurement data using L1 and L2 signaling. Such an approach provides various technical advantages over L3 signaling techniques for reporting PRS-based measurement data, such as reduced latency, faster determination of UE location estimates, etc. Figure 6-Figure 7 These embodiments are described.

[0103] Figure 6 An exemplary process 600 of wireless communication according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In one aspect, process 600 may be performed by a UE, such as Figure 3A UE 302.

[0104] At 610, the UE obtains (e.g., via at least one transceiver) measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS). In one example, the measurement data may be associated with a single measurement of at least one PRS, or alternatively associated with a group of measurements of at least one PRS. Various criteria for grouping PRS measurements together will be described in more detail below. In one aspect, operation 610 may be performed by (multiple) receivers 312, WWAN transceiver 310, processing system 332, memory 340, PRS measurement module 342, (multiple) sensor 344, etc.

[0105] At 620, the UE sends (e.g., via at least one transceiver) a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) in a first PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurement values ​​associated with at least one PRS based on measurement data. In an example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be similar to part 1 of a CSI-like PRS-based measurement scenario. In an example, the first set of measurement values ​​may include one or more specific or individual values, one or more value ranges, or a combination thereof. In one aspect, operation 620 may be performed by transmitter(s) 314, WWAN transceiver 310, processing system 332, memory 340, PRS measurement module 342, etc.

[0106] At 630, the UE sends (e.g., via at least one transceiver) a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurement values ​​associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurement values ​​being refined from the first set of measurement values. In an example, the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be similar to part 2 of a CSI-like PRS-based measurement scenario. In an example, the second set of measurement values ​​may include one or more specific or individual values ​​(e.g., Rx-Tx timing offset, etc.). One or more value ranges or combinations thereof. In one aspect, operation 620 may be performed by transmitter(s) 314, WWAN transceiver 310, processing system 332, memory 340, PRS measurement module 342, etc.

[0107] Figure 7 An exemplary process 700 for wireless communication according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In one aspect, process 700 may be performed by a BS, such as Figure 3B BS 304.

[0108] At 710, the BS receives (e.g., via at least one transceiver) a first PSI report from a user equipment (UE) in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurement values ​​associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS). In one example, the measurement data may be associated with a single measurement of at least one PRS, or alternatively associated with a set of measurements of at least one PRS. Various criteria for grouping PRS measurements together will be described in more detail below. In one example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be similar to part 1 of a CSI-like PRS-based measurement scenario. In one example, the first set of measurement values ​​may include one or more specific or individual values, one or more value ranges, or a combination thereof. In one aspect, operation 710 may be performed by (multiple) receivers 352, WWAN transceiver 350, processing system 384, memory 386, PRS measurement module 388, etc.

[0109] At 720, the BS receives (e.g., via at least one transceiver) a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurement values ​​associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurement values ​​being refined from the first set of measurement values. In an example, the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be similar to part 2 of a CSI-like PRS-based measurement scenario. In an example, the second set of measurement values ​​may include one or more specific or individual values, one or more value ranges, or a combination thereof. In one aspect, operation 720 may be performed by receiver(s) 352, WWAN transceiver 350, processing system 384, memory 386, PRS measurement module 388, etc.

[0110] refer to Figure 6-Figure 7 In some designs, a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be used to report relatively “coarse” measurement data for a particular PRS(s) in a relatively short amount of time (low latency), while a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be used to report refined (e.g., more accurate, more granular, narrower range, etc.) measurement data for those same PRS(s), albeit with more delay or latency.

[0111] refer to Figure 6-Figure 7 As described above, in some designs, the measurement data may be associated with a set of measurements of at least one PRS. In some designs, the set of measurements may be grouped based on one or more of the following:

[0112] The measurement type (e.g., timing measurement, signal quality measurement such as RSRP, etc.),

[0113] Positioning technology,

[0114] ● Whether the measurement is related to the earliest time of arrival (TOA) or multipath,

[0115] Positioning Frequency Layer (PFL),

[0116] Transmit Receive Point (TRP) (e.g., RSTD, RSRP, Rx-Tx, quality metrics, etc. for a specific TRP or group of TRPs),

[0117] Frequency range (FR) (e.g. if measurements are derived using PRS / SRS in FR1, then one report maps, if some PRS / SRS are configured in FR2, then these FR2 measurements may map to a different report),

[0118] ● Reference signal type (e.g., one report mapping for PRS-based measurements and another report mapping for TRS-based or SSB-based measurements), or

[0119] Any combination of them

[0120] refer to Figure 6-Figure 7 In some designs, a first L1 or L2 PSI report may include a set of measurement values ​​for a larger group of measurement types than a second L1 or L2 PSI report. In one example, a first L1 or L2 PSI report may include measurement values ​​associated with all timing measurements, and multiple second L1 or L2 PSI reports, each including a subset of these timing measurements, may be associated with the first L1 or L2 PSI report (e.g., one for RSTD, one for Rx-Tx, etc.). In another example, a first L1 or L2 PSI report may include measurement values ​​associated with all RSTDs of a PFL, and an associated second L1 or L2 PSI report may include a subset of these measurement values ​​(e.g., RSTD of a PFL for a particular TRP).

[0121] refer to Figure 6-Figure 7 In some designs, the first measurement value set and the second measurement value set may be explicitly indicated (or included) in respective L1 or L2 PSI reports. In other designs, the first measurement value set and the second measurement value set may be indicated via an index that references a predefined table known to both the UE and the BS.

[0122] refer to Figure 6-Figure 7In some designs, the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements are associated with a first measurement type (e.g., TOA, TDOA, RSRP or Rx-Tx measurement, AoA / AoD, multipath, motion state, quality indication, etc.). In one example, the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity (e.g., a first quality level, such as a first step length), and the second set of measurements is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity (e.g., a second step length smaller than the first step length). In another example, the first set of measurements is associated with a first range (e.g., a relatively wide / rough range), and the second set of measurements is associated with a second range narrower than the first range (e.g., a narrower range is more precise than a wider range). In a specific example, the first granularity and / or the first range can be based on a conventional granularity / range for associations from Rel. 16 for corresponding measurement types.

[0123] In some designs, the second granularity and / or the second range may be based on the first PSI report. In some designs, the second granularity may be specified according to a minimum value, a maximum value, a step size, a linear scale, or a logarithmic scale relative to the first granularity in the first PSI report. In some designs, the second range may be specified according to a minimum value and a maximum value relative to the first range in the first PSI report. In some designs, the minimum value and / or the maximum value (e.g., in a corresponding mapping table) may be in a linear domain, while in other designs, the minimum value and / or the maximum value may be in a logarithmic domain (e.g., dB). In one example, if the first PSI report indicates an RSTD range from [-100, 100] nsec with a step size of 10 nsec, the second PSI report may indicate a refined RSTD range of [-20, 20] with a step size of 1 nsec. In one example, the first PSI report may include a third measurement value set associated with at least one PRS based on measurement data, the third measurement value set being associated with a second measurement type. In this case, the second granularity and / or the second range may be dynamically configured based on the third measurement value set. In a specific example, the second measurement type may correspond to a speed measurement of the UE. In this case, in response to the speed measurement being above a speed threshold, a second granularity (e.g., for RSTD, RSRP, Rx-Tx, quality metric measurement, etc.) may be set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity and / or a second range (e.g., for RSTD, RSRP, Rx-Tx, quality metric measurement, etc.) may be set to a narrower range relative to the default granularity. In other words, if the UE moves relatively quickly, the delayed second PSI report has a lower relative priority, and therefore obtaining a more accurate position estimate (e.g., by maximizing its corresponding granularity and / or minimizing its corresponding range) has a lower importance. However, if the UE is stationary or moves relatively slowly, the delayed second PSI report has a higher relative priority, and therefore obtaining a more accurate position estimate (e.g., maximizing its corresponding granularity and / or minimizing its corresponding range) has a higher importance. In other designs, by default, the first PSI report may have a higher priority than the second PSI report.

[0124] In other designs, the second granularity and / or the second range may be independent of the first PSI report. For example, if there is no side information to assist the positioning determination of the UE, the network may only configure two independent PSI report mappings with different granularity / ranges. In this case, in terms of positioning robustness, the question of how to handle the relative priority of the first and second PSI reports arises. In some designs, by default, the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report. This arrangement is conducive to obtaining a meaningful (although less accurate) positioning estimate in a reasonable amount of time. In other designs, the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report may be determined dynamically. In one example, the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information. In another example, the historical PSI report information may indicate that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold time period, and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report. In a specific example, at least one measurement value may be associated with the speed of the UE. Therefore, if the UE is moving quickly (speed is above a threshold), the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report. Alternatively, in one example, if the UE is stationary or moving slowly (speed is below a threshold), the first PSI report may be associated with a lower priority than the second PSI report. In one example, a PSI report type associated with a higher priority may be assigned more L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunities aperiodically or periodically (i.e., may be sent more frequently). In another example, a PSI report type associated with a higher priority may be sent earlier than a PSI report type associated with a lower priority. For example, if the PUSCH payload size is not suitable for two PSI reports, the UE may report a PSI report with a higher priority and postpone a PSI report with a lower priority to the next PSI reporting opportunity. From a signaling perspective, the UE may indicate whether a particular PSI report corresponds to a first L1 or L2 PSI report or a second L1 or L2 PSI report (e.g., each is a different PSI report type). In another example, a PSI report type associated with a higher priority may be triggered differently from a PSI report type associated with a lower priority. For example, a PSI reporting type with a higher priority may be triggered via DCI (eg, low latency, on-demand reporting), while a PSI reporting type with a lower priority may be scheduled periodically (eg, with relatively low periodicity).

[0125] refer to Figure 6-Figure 7In some designs, the second PSI report may include reference information relating the second set of measurement values ​​to the first set of measurement values. For example, the reference information may include a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

[0126] refer to Figure 6-Figure 7 In some designs, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically. For example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol. In some designs, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first period, and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is also scheduled according to the first period. In other words, the first and second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunities have the same periodicity. In this case, the first and second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunities may be offset from each other by a given timeslot offset, which may be predefined or dynamically configured (e.g., via RRC signaling, etc.). In any of the above examples in which the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically, in some designs, a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol may be used to facilitate periodic scheduling.

[0127] In an alternative example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first period, and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second period. In some designs, the first period is longer than the second period, so that the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is less relative to the second first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity. In one example, in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is below a threshold (e.g., the speed of the UE is below a speed threshold, indicating that a static UE may benefit more from a second L1 or L2 report over time), the first period may be set to be longer than the second period. In other designs, the second period may be longer than the first period. For example, in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold (e.g., the speed of the UE is greater than or equal to a speed threshold, indicating that a UE in motion may benefit from a lower latency, lower accuracy first L1 or L2 report rather than a higher accuracy, higher latency second L1 or L2 report), the second period is set to be longer than the first period.

[0128] refer to Figure 6-Figure 7 In some designs, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled aperiodically. In one example, the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity may be triggered on demand via downlink control information (DCI) communications associated with different offsets.

[0129] In the above detailed description, it can be seen that different features are combined together in the examples. This disclosure should not be understood as an exemplary clause having more features than those explicitly mentioned in each clause. On the contrary, various aspects of the present disclosure may include less than all the features of the disclosed single example clause. Therefore, the following clauses should be deemed to be included in the specification, where each clause itself can serve as a separate example. Although each dependent clause can be referenced in a clause in a specific combination with one of the other clauses, the (multiple) aspects of the dependent clause are not limited to the specific combination. It should be understood that other example clauses may also include a combination of the (multiple) aspects of the dependent clause with the subject matter of any other dependent clause or independent clause, or any combination of any features with other dependent clauses and independent clauses. Various aspects disclosed herein explicitly include these combinations, unless it is explicitly expressed or it can be easily inferred that a specific combination is not intended (e.g., contradictory aspects, such as defining an element as an insulator and a conductor). In addition, it is also intended that various aspects of the clause may be included in any other independent clause, even if the clause is not directly dependent on the independent clause.

[0130] Examples of implementations are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0131] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that any of a variety of different technologies and techniques may be used to represent information and signals. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the specification above may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0132] Clause 1. A method of operating a user equipment (UE), comprising: obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); sending a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report to a base station (BS) in a first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and sending a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0133] Clause 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the measurement data is associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS.

[0134] Clause 3. A method as described in any of clauses 1 to 2, wherein the measurement data is associated with a set of measurements of the at least one PRS.

[0135] Clause 4. A method according to clause 3, wherein the group of measurements is grouped based on one or more of: measurement type, positioning technology, whether the measurement is associated with earliest arrival time (TOA) or multipath, positioning frequency layer (PFL), transmit receive point (TRP), frequency range (FR), reference signal type, or any combination thereof.

[0136] Clause 5. The method of any of clauses 1 to 4, wherein the first set of measurement values ​​and the second set of measurement values ​​are associated with a first measurement type.

[0137] Clause 6. A method according to clause 5, wherein the first set of measurement values ​​is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and wherein the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

[0138] Clause 7. The method of clause 6, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is independent of the first PSI report.

[0139] Clause 8. The method of Clause 7, wherein the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

[0140] Clause 9. The method of any one of clauses 7 to 8, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined.

[0141] Clause 10. The method of clause 9, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI reporting information.

[0142] Clause 11. The method of clause 10, wherein the historical PSI reporting information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold period of time, and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report.

[0143] Clause 12. A method according to any one of clauses 10 to 11, wherein the historical PSI reporting information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been above a threshold for at least a threshold period of time, and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

[0144] Clause 13. The method of any one of clauses 6 to 12, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is based on the first PSI report.

[0145] Clause 14. A method according to clause 13, wherein the first PSI report also includes a third set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, wherein the third set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second measurement type, and wherein the second granularity and / or the second range are dynamically configured based on the third set of measurement values.

[0146] Clause 15. The method of clause 14, wherein the second measurement type comprises a speed measurement of the UE.

[0147] Clause 16. The method of clause 15, wherein, in response to the speed measurement being above a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to a default range.

[0148] Clause 17. A method as described in any of clauses 1 to 16, wherein the second PSI report includes reference information relating the second set of measurement values ​​to the first set of measurement values.

[0149] Clause 18. A method according to any one of clauses 19 to 17, wherein the reference information comprises a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

[0150] Clause 19. The method of any of clauses 1 to 18, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically.

[0151] Clause 20. The method of clause 19, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity, and wherein the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first periodicity.

[0152] Clause 21. The method of any of clauses 19 to 20, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity, and wherein the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second periodicity.

[0153] Clause 22. The method of clause 21, wherein the first period is longer than the second period.

[0154] Clause 23. The method of clause 22, wherein, in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is below a threshold, the first period is set to be longer than the second period.

[0155] Clause 24. The method of any one of clauses 21 to 23, wherein the second period is longer than the first period.

[0156] Clause 25. The method of clause 24, wherein, in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold, the second period is set to be longer than the first period.

[0157] Clause 26. The method of any of clauses 1 to 25, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol.

[0158] Clause 27. The method of any of clauses 1 to 26, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is triggered aperiodically.

[0159] Clause 28. The method of clause 27, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on-demand via downlink control information (DCI) communications associated with different offsets.

[0160] Clause 29. A method of operating a base station (BS), comprising: receiving a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) in a first PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); and receiving a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set.

[0161] Clause 30. The method of Clause 29, wherein the measurement data is associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS.

[0162] Clause 31. The method of any of clauses 29 to 30, wherein the measurement data is associated with a set of measurements of the at least one PRS.

[0163] Clause 32. A method as described in clause 31, wherein the group of measurements is grouped based on one or more of: measurement type, positioning technology, whether the measurement is associated with earliest arrival time (TOA) or multipath, positioning frequency layer (PFL), transmit receive point (TRP), frequency range (FR), reference signal type, or any combination thereof.

[0164] Clause 33. The method of any of clauses 29 to 32, wherein the first set of measurement values ​​and the second set of measurement values ​​are associated with a first measurement type.

[0165] Clause 34. A method according to clause 33, wherein the first set of measurement values ​​is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and wherein the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

[0166] Clause 35. The method of clause 34, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is independent of the first PSI report.

[0167] Clause 36. The method of clause 35, wherein the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

[0168] Clause 37. The method of any one of clauses 35 to 36, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is determined dynamically.

[0169] Clause 38. The method of clause 37, wherein the priority of the first PSI report and the second PSI report is dynamically determined based on historical PSI reporting information.

[0170] Clause 39. The method of clause 38, wherein the historical PSI reporting information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold period of time, and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report.

[0171] Clause 40. A method according to any of clauses 38 to 39, wherein the historical PSI reporting information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been above a threshold for at least a threshold period of time, and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

[0172] Clause 41. The method of any one of clauses 34 to 40, wherein the second granularity and / or the second range is based on the first PSI report.

[0173] Clause 42. A method according to clause 41, wherein the first PSI report also includes a third set of measurement values ​​associated with at least one PRS based on the measurement data, wherein the third set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second measurement type, and wherein the second granularity and / or the second range are dynamically configured based on the third set of measurement values.

[0174] Clause 43. The method of clause 42, wherein the second measurement type comprises a speed measurement of the UE.

[0175] Clause 44. The method of clause 43, wherein, in response to the speed measurement being above a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity, and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to a default range.

[0176] Clause 45. The method of any of clauses 29 to 44, wherein the second PSI report comprises reference information relating the second set of measurement values ​​to the first set of measurement values.

[0177] Clause 46. The method of clause 45, wherein the reference information comprises a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

[0178] Clause 47. The method of any of clauses 29 to 46, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically.

[0179] Clause 48. The method of clause 47, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity, and wherein the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first periodicity.

[0180] Clause 49. The method of any of clauses 47 to 48, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a first periodicity, and wherein the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second periodicity.

[0181] Clause 50. The method of clause 49, wherein the first period is longer than the second period.

[0182] Clause 51. The method of clause 50, wherein the first period is set longer than the second period in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is below a threshold.

[0183] Clause 52. The method of any one of clauses 48 to 51, wherein the second period is longer than the first period.

[0184] Clause 53. The method of clause 52, wherein the second period is set to be longer than the first period in response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold.

[0185] Clause 54. The method of any of clauses 29 to 53, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol.

[0186] Clause 55. The method of any of clauses 29 to 54, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is triggered aperiodically.

[0187] Clause 56. The method of clause 55, wherein the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on-demand via downlink control information (DCI) communications associated with different offsets.

[0188] Clause 57. An apparatus comprising a memory and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the at least one processor configured to perform the method of any of clauses 1 to 56.

[0189] Clause 58. An apparatus comprising means for performing the method of any one of clauses 1 to 56.

[0190] Clause 59. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions comprising at least one instruction for causing a computer or a processor to perform the method of any one of clauses 1 to 56.

[0191] In addition, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits and algorithmic steps described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits and steps have been generally described above in terms of their functions. Whether this functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on specific applications and the design constraints imposed on the entire system. The technician can implement the described functions in various ways for each specific application, but this implementation decision should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0192] The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or executed with a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0193] The methods, sequences and / or algorithms described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software module may reside in a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the prior art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. In an alternative, the storage medium may be integrated with the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal (e.g., UE). In an alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside in a user terminal as discrete components.

[0194] In one or more exemplary aspects, the functions described can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions can be stored on or sent by a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Computer-readable media include storage media and communication media, which include any media that can facilitate the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available media that a computer can access. As an example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer. Moreover, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave), coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) are all included in the definition of the medium. As used herein, disk and disc include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc, wherein disk usually reproduces data magnetically, while disc reproduces data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0195] Although the foregoing disclosure illustrates illustrative aspects of the present disclosure, it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the method claims according to the various aspects of the disclosure described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. In addition, unless explicitly stated to be limited to the singular, although elements of the present disclosure are described or claimed in the singular, the plural is also intended.

Claims

1. A method for operating a user equipment UE, include: Obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); sending a first PSI report to a base station BS in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) reporting opportunity, wherein the first PSI report indicates a first set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; as well as sending a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set, wherein the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and Therein, the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

2. The method according to claim 1, in, The measurement data is associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS.

3. The method according to claim 1, in, The measurement data is associated with a set of measurements of the at least one PRS.

4. The method according to claim 3, in, The set of measurements is grouped based on one or more of: Measurement type, Positioning technology, Whether the measurement is related to the earliest arrival time TOA or multipath, Positioning frequency layer PFL, Send receiving point TRP, Frequency range FR, Reference signal type, or Any combination of them.

5. The method according to claim 1, in, The first set of measurement values ​​and the second set of measurement values ​​are associated with a first measurement type.

6. The method according to claim 1, in, The second granularity and / or the second range are independent of the first PSI report.

7. The method according to claim 6, in, The first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

8. The method according to claim 6, in, The priorities of the first PSI report and the second PSI report are dynamically determined.

9. The method according to claim 8, in, The priorities of the first PSI report and the second PSI report are dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information.

10. The method according to claim 9, in, The historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold period of time, and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report.

11. The method according to claim 9, in, The historical PSI reporting information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been above a threshold for at least a threshold period of time, and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

12. The method according to claim 1, in, The second granularity and / or the second range are based on the first PSI report.

13. The method according to claim 12, in, The first PSI report further includes a third set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, The third measurement value set is associated with the second measurement type, and The second granularity and / or the second range are dynamically configured based on the third measurement value set.

14. The method according to claim 13, in, The second measurement type includes a speed measurement of the UE.

15. The method according to claim 14, in, In response to the speed measurement being above a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity, and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to a default range.

16. The method according to claim 1, in, The second PSI report includes reference information correlating the second set of measurement values ​​with the first set of measurement values.

17. The method according to claim 16, in, The reference information includes a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

18. The method according to claim 1, in, The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically.

19. The method according to claim 18, in, scheduling the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity according to a first period, and The second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first period.

20. The method according to claim 18, in, scheduling the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity according to a first period, and The second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second period.

21. The method according to claim 20, in, The first period is longer than the second period.

22. The method according to claim 21, in, In response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is below a threshold, the first period is set to be longer than the second period.

23. The method according to claim 20, in, The second period is longer than the first period.

24. The method according to claim 23, in, In response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold, the second period is set to be longer than the first period.

25. The method according to claim 1, in, The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling SPS protocol.

26. The method according to claim 1, in, The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is triggered aperiodically.

27. The method according to claim 26, in, The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on demand via downlink control information DCI communication associated with different offsets.

28. A method of operating a base station BS, include: receiving a first positioning state information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first measurement value set associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); and receiving a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurement values ​​being refined from the first set of measurement values, wherein the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and Therein, the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

29. The method according to claim 28, in, The measurement data is associated with a single measurement of the at least one PRS.

30. The method according to claim 28, in, The measurement data is associated with a set of measurements of the at least one PRS.

31. The method according to claim 30, in, The set of measurements is grouped based on one or more of: Measurement type, Positioning technology, Whether the measurement is related to the earliest arrival time TOA or multipath, Positioning frequency layer PFL, Send receiving point TRP, Frequency range FR, Reference signal type, or Any combination of them.

32. The method according to claim 28, in, The first set of measurement values ​​and the second set of measurement values ​​are associated with a first measurement type.

33. The method according to claim 28, in, The second granularity and / or the second range are independent of the first PSI report.

34. The method according to claim 33, in, The first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

35. The method according to claim 33, in, The priorities of the first PSI report and the second PSI report are dynamically determined.

36. The method according to claim 35, in, The priorities of the first PSI report and the second PSI report are dynamically determined based on historical PSI report information.

37. The method according to claim 36, in, The historical PSI report information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been below a threshold for at least a threshold period of time, and the second PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the first PSI report.

38. The method according to claim 36, in, The historical PSI reporting information indicates that at least one measurement value associated with the UE has been above a threshold for at least a threshold period of time, and the first PSI report is associated with a higher priority than the second PSI report.

39. The method according to claim 28, in, The second granularity and / or the second range are based on the first PSI report.

40. The method according to claim 39, in, The first PSI report further includes a third set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, The third measurement value set is associated with the second measurement type, and The second granularity and / or the second range are dynamically configured based on the third measurement value set.

41. The method according to claim 40, in, The second measurement type includes a speed measurement of the UE.

42. The method according to claim 41, in, In response to the speed measurement being above a speed threshold, the second granularity is set to a higher granularity relative to a default granularity, and / or the second range is set to a narrower range relative to a default range.

43. The method according to claim 28, in, The second PSI report includes reference information correlating the second set of measurement values ​​with the first set of measurement values.

44. The method according to claim 43, in, The reference information includes a time index, a report identifier, or a combination thereof.

45. The method according to claim 28, in, The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled periodically.

46. ​​The method according to claim 45, in, scheduling the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity according to a first period, and The second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to the first period.

47. The method according to claim 45, in, scheduling the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity according to a first period, and The second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is scheduled according to a second period.

48. The method according to claim 47, in, The first period is longer than the second period.

49. The method according to claim 48, in, In response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is below a threshold, the first period is set to be longer than the second period.

50. The method according to claim 47, in, The second period is longer than the first period.

51. The method according to claim 50, in, In response to detecting that at least one measurement value associated with the UE is greater than or equal to a threshold, the second period is set to be longer than the first period.

52. The method according to claim 28, in, The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are scheduled according to a semi-persistent scheduling SPS protocol.

53. The method according to claim 28, in, The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and / or the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity is triggered aperiodically.

54. The method according to claim 53, in, The first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity and the second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity are triggered on demand via downlink control information DCI communication associated with different offsets.

55. A user equipment UE, include: Means for obtaining measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal PRS; means for sending a first PSI report to a base station BS in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information, PSI, reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; as well as means for sending a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurement values ​​being refined from the first set of measurement values, wherein the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and Therein, the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

56. A base station BS, include: means for receiving a first PSI report from a user equipment UE in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurement values ​​associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); as well as means for receiving a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurement values ​​being refined from the first set of measurement values, wherein the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and Therein, the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

57. A user equipment UE, include: Memory; at least one transceiver; as well as at least one processor, communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor configured to: obtaining, via the at least one transceiver, measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); sending, via the at least one transceiver, a first PSI report to a base station BS in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and sending, via the at least one transceiver, a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurement values ​​being refined from the first set of measurement values, wherein the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and Therein, the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

58. A base station BS, include: Memory; at least one transceiver; as well as at least one processor, communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor configured to: Receiving, via the at least one transceiver, a first positioning state information (PSI) report from a user equipment (UE) in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurement values ​​associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal (PRS); as well as receiving, via the at least one transceiver, a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second set of measurement values ​​being refined from the first set of measurement values, wherein the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and Therein, the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

59. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions include: at least one instruction instructing a user equipment UE to obtain measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal PRS; at least one instruction instructing the UE to send a first PSI report to a base station BS in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information (PSI) reporting opportunity, wherein the first PSI report indicates a first set of measurement values ​​associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data; and at least one instruction instructing the UE to send a second PSI report to the BS in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set, wherein the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and Therein, the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

60. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions include: at least one instruction instructing a base station BS to receive a first PSI report from a user equipment UE in a first L1 or L2 positioning state information PSI reporting opportunity, the first PSI report indicating a first set of measurement values ​​associated with measurement data associated with at least one positioning reference signal PRS; and at least one instruction instructing the BS to receive a second PSI report from the UE in a second L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity after the first L1 or L2 PSI reporting opportunity, the second PSI report indicating a second measurement value set associated with the at least one PRS based on the measurement data, the second measurement value set being refined from the first measurement value set, wherein the first set of measurements is associated with a first granularity and / or a first range, and Therein, the second set of measurement values ​​is associated with a second granularity higher than the first granularity and / or a second range narrower than the first range.

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