A grassland no-till reseeding machine and its ditching device

Abstract

A no-till reseeding machine for grassland and its ditching device are disclosed. The no-till reseeding machine includes a ditching device comprising: a mounting frame; a longitudinal root-cutting mechanism including a root-cutting disc shaft and a root-cutting disc, the root-cutting disc shaft being mounted on the front end of a connecting plate; the root-cutting disc being connected to the root-cutting disc shaft via a bearing seat, the bearing seat being mounted on the root-cutting disc shaft and rotating relative to the root-cutting disc shaft; a furrow opener mounted on the connecting plate and located behind the root-cutting disc; a seed metering tube mounted on the mounting frame and located behind the furrow opener; and a soil-returning mechanism mounted on the mounting frame and located behind the seed metering tube, including a soil-returning roller and a contouring mechanism, the contouring mechanism being connected to the mounting frame and the soil-returning roller respectively; wherein the centerlines of the longitudinal root-cutting mechanism, the furrow opener, the seed metering tube, and the soil-returning mechanism are located in the same plane as the centerline of the mounting frame and are symmetrically arranged left and right; the longitudinal root-cutting mechanism, the furrow opener, the seed metering tube, and the soil-returning mechanism move together with the mounting frame and act sequentially on the same seed furrow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a ditching device for a seeder, and in particular to a grassland no-till reseeding machine and its multi-functional integrated ditching device. Background Technology

[0002] No-till reseeding is one of the key technologies for improving degraded grasslands. The performance of the furrowing device of the seeder has a significant impact on the reseeding effect. The furrowing device should be able to form seed furrows of uniform depth, stable structure, and easy compaction to reduce seed drying rate and improve the moisture retention capacity of the seed furrows; the furrowing process should minimize soil disturbance and avoid damaging the grassland soil environment.

[0003] Degraded grasslands have hard soil, low soil moisture content, and contain a large number of plant roots and rhizomes. Existing furrowing devices face significant operating resistance in this environment, making it difficult to form stable and uniformly deep furrows. This results in a high seed drying rate, uncontrollable sowing depth, and inconsistent compaction effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a grassland no-till reseeding machine and its ditching device, which addresses the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a trenching device, comprising:

[0006] Mounting frame, wherein a connecting plate is provided at the front of the mounting frame;

[0007] A longitudinal root cutting mechanism includes a root cutting disc shaft and a root cutting disc. The root cutting disc shaft is mounted on the front end of the connecting plate. The root cutting disc is connected to the root cutting disc shaft through a bearing seat. The bearing seat is mounted on the root cutting disc shaft and rotates relative to the root cutting disc shaft. The root cutting disc rotates with the bearing seat.

[0008] The trencher is mounted on the connecting plate and located behind the root cutting disc;

[0009] The seed metering pipe is mounted on the mounting frame by a fixing clip and is located behind the furrow opener;

[0010] The soil return mechanism is installed on the mounting frame and located behind the seed metering pipe. The soil return mechanism includes a soil return roller and a contouring mechanism. The contouring mechanism is connected to the mounting frame and the soil return roller respectively, and is used to adapt to changes in sowing depth and terrain, so that the soil return roller always rolls close to the ground.

[0011] The centerlines of the longitudinal root cutting mechanism, furrow opener, and soil return mechanism are located in the same plane as the centerline of the mounting frame; the longitudinal root cutting mechanism, furrow opener, seeding pipe, and soil return mechanism move together with the mounting frame and act sequentially on the same seed furrow.

[0012] In the aforementioned trenching device, the trencher includes a connecting handle, a transverse root-cutting blade, and a forming block. The connecting handle is mounted on the connecting plate. The forming block is mounted on the bottom of the connecting handle, and the width of the forming block is greater than the width of the connecting handle, forming an inverted T-shaped structure. The transverse root-cutting blade is mounted between the connecting handle and the forming block, and the two cutting edges of the transverse root-cutting blade are located outside the edge of the forming block.

[0013] In the aforementioned trenching device, the front ends of the connecting handle, the transverse root cutting blade, and the forming block are all provided with cutting edges, and the cutting edges of the connecting handle, the transverse root cutting blade, and the forming block are located on the same straight line.

[0014] In the aforementioned trenching device, the cutting edges of the connecting handle, the transverse root cutting blade, and the forming block are all 45 degrees.

[0015] In the aforementioned trenching device, the connecting handle is fixed to the connecting plate by bolts and nuts, and the angle between the handle and the ground is 90°.

[0016] In the aforementioned trenching device, the bottom of the forming block is provided with multiple protruding ridges for breaking up and compacting the soil.

[0017] In the aforementioned trenching device, the transverse root-cutting blade has a gradually widening symmetrical structure. The left and right edges of the transverse root-cutting blade are sharpened and extend gradually from front to back. The angle between the blade extension direction and the forward direction of the transverse root-cutting blade is 8.5°.

[0018] In the aforementioned trenching device, the contouring mechanism includes a spring, a slider, a guide rail, a contouring rocker arm, and a contouring connecting rod. The backfill roller is mounted on one end of the contouring rocker arm and rotates around its own central axis. The other end of the contouring rocker arm is hinged to the mounting frame. One end of the contouring connecting rod is hinged to the contouring rocker arm. The other end of the contouring connecting rod is hinged to a connecting block and connected to the slider through the connecting block. The guide rail is mounted on the mounting frame via a guide rail fixing seat. The slider is mounted on the guide rail and slides along the guide rail. The spring is fitted on the guide rail, and both ends of the spring abut against the slider and the guide rail fixing seat, respectively.

[0019] In the aforementioned trenching device, the soil return roller is an hourglass-shaped structure with a radius that gradually decreases from the outer ends on both sides towards the center, and multiple grooves are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the soil return roller that is in direct contact with the soil.

[0020] To better achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention also provides a grassland no-till reseeding machine, which includes the aforementioned ditching device.

[0021] The technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] The trenching device of this invention is a multi-functional integrated structure that can complete three operations—root cutting, trenching, and backfilling—in one go. This reduces soil disturbance during trenching, creates a stable planting trench, improves the moisture retention capacity of the trench, and consequently increases seed germination rate and improves reseeding effectiveness.

[0023] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a trenching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the trenching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A bottom view;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a trencher structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a partial side view of a trencher according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the soil return mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, the attached reference numerals

[0031] 1 rack

[0032] 11 Fixed base

[0033] 2 mounting brackets

[0034] 21 connecting plate

[0035] 22 Fixing Clip

[0036] 3 rows of seed tubes

[0037] 4. Longitudinal root cutting mechanism

[0038] 41 Cutting Root Disc Shaft

[0039] 42 bearing housing

[0040] 43 Cutting Root Disc

[0041] 5 trenchers

[0042] 51 Connecting Handle

[0043] 52 transverse root cutting blades

[0044] 53 Molding Block

[0045] 54 cutting edge

[0046] 55 convex edge

[0047] 56 blade

[0048] 6 earthwork organization

[0049] 61 springs

[0050] 62 sliders

[0051] 63 guide rail

[0052] 64 guide rail mounting base

[0053] 65 return soil roller

[0054] 651 Groove

[0055] 66 contour joystick

[0056] 67-shaped connecting rod

[0057] 68 connecting blocks Detailed Implementation

[0058] The structural and working principles of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0059] See Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a ditching device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention addresses the problems of significant soil disturbance, uneven ditch depth, and poor moisture retention in the ditching process during degraded grassland reseeding operations. It provides a specialized multi-functional integrated grassland reseeding ditching device tailored to the soil conditions of degraded grasslands. This device can complete multiple tasks, including root cutting, ditching, and backfilling, in one operation. The ditching device can be installed on a no-till reseeder or a seeder. In this embodiment, the ditching device connects the fixing base 11 to the crossbeam of the frame 1 of the no-till reseeder or seeder using U-bolts. The fixing base 11 can be fixed to the mounting frame 2 through round holes on the mounting bracket 2 of the ditching device. The ditching device is located below the frame 1, at the bottom of the no-till reseeder, and in direct contact with the soil. During the operation of the no-till reseeding machine on grassland, the weight of the machine presses the bottom of the root-cutting disc 43 and the inverted T-shaped furrow opener 5 into the soil to perform root cutting and furrowing operations. The depth of penetration can be adjusted via the frame 1 according to operational needs. The soil-returning mechanism 6 is not pressed into the soil during operation; the soil-returning roller 65 remains in close contact with the ground under the action of the contouring mechanism. Since the composition, structure, relative positions, connections, and functions of other parts of the no-till reseeding machine are all mature existing technologies, they will not be described in detail here. Only the furrowing device of this invention will be described in detail below.

[0060] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a trenching device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2A bottom view. The furrowing device of the present invention is used for reseeding degraded grassland, comprising: a mounting frame 2, wherein a connecting plate 21 is provided at the front of the mounting frame 2; a longitudinal root cutting mechanism 4, including a root cutting disc shaft 41 and a root cutting disc 43, wherein the root cutting disc shaft 41 is mounted at the front end of the connecting plate 21; the root cutting disc 43 is connected to the root cutting disc shaft 41 through a bearing seat 42, located at the foremost end of the furrowing device, fixed on the bearing seat 42, and can rotate freely around the root cutting disc shaft 41; the bearing seat 42 is mounted on the root cutting disc shaft 41 and rotates relative to the root cutting disc shaft 41, and the root cutting disc 43 rotates with the bearing seat 42; a furrow opener 5, mounted on the connecting plate 21 and located behind the root cutting disc 43; and a seed metering pipe 3. The longitudinal root cutting mechanism 4, the furrow opener 5, the seed metering pipe 3, and the longitudinal root cutting mechanism 6 are all mounted on the mounting frame 2 by a fixing clip 22 and are located behind the furrow opener 5. The soil return mechanism 6 is mounted on the mounting frame 2 and is located behind the seed metering pipe 3. The soil return mechanism 6 includes a soil return roller 65 and a contouring mechanism. The contouring mechanism is connected to the mounting frame 2 and the soil return roller 65 respectively, and is used to adapt to changes in sowing depth and terrain, so that the soil return roller 65 always rolls close to the ground. The center lines of the longitudinal root cutting mechanism 4, the furrow opener 5, the seed metering pipe 3, and the soil return mechanism 6 are all located in the same plane as the center line of the mounting frame 2 and can be arranged symmetrically from left to right. The longitudinal root cutting mechanism 4, the furrow opener 5, the seed metering pipe 3, and the soil return mechanism 6 move together with the mounting frame 2 and act sequentially on the same seed furrow.

[0061] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the trencher 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5This is a partial side view of a trencher 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The trencher 5 of this embodiment includes a connecting handle 51, a transverse root-cutting blade 52, and a forming block 53. The connecting handle 51 is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 21 by bolts and nuts. The forming block 53 is mounted at the bottom of the connecting handle 51, and the width of the forming block 53 is greater than the width of the connecting handle 51, forming an inverted T-shaped structure. The transverse root-cutting blade 52 is mounted between the connecting handle 51 and the forming block 53, and the two cutting edges of the transverse root-cutting blade 52 are located outside the edge of the forming block 53. The front ends of the connecting handle 51, the transverse root-cutting blade 52, and the forming block 53 are all provided with cutting edges 54. After installation, the cutting edges 54 of the three are overlapped, that is, the cutting edges 54 of the connecting handle 51, the transverse root-cutting blade 52, and the forming block 53 are located on the same straight line. Preferably, the cutting edges 54 of the connecting handle 51, the transverse root-cutting blade 52, and the forming block 53 are all at a 45-degree angle. The connecting handle 51 can be fixed to the connecting plate 21 by bolts and nuts, and the angle with the ground is preferably 90°. The bottom of the forming block 53 is provided with multiple raised ridges 55 (i.e., raised stripes) for breaking up and compacting soil. The transverse root-cutting blade 52 has a gradually widening symmetrical structure. The left and right edges of the transverse root-cutting blade 52 are sharpened and gradually widen from front to back. The angle between the extension direction of the blade 56 of the transverse root-cutting blade 52 and the forward direction is preferably 8.5°, which can effectively reduce the forward resistance of the transverse root-cutting blade 52 and enhance the blade's sliding cutting effect.

[0062] During operation, the furrow opener 5 forms a seed furrow by compressing the soil along its path through the connecting handle 51. The forming block 53 can compress the soil on the sidewalls of the seed furrow to both sides, removing plant roots and stems around the seeds and reducing the survival pressure on the seeds. Its bottom ridge 55 can break up soil clods and compact the seed furrow. The two blades 56 of the transverse root-cutting blade 52 extend beyond the edge of the forming block 53, allowing it to cut off the roots and stems compressed by the forming block 53 during the forward movement. The forming block 53 provides fixed support for the transverse root-cutting blade 52, enhancing its bending resistance and extending its service life.

[0063] See Figure 6 , Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the soil return mechanism 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the contouring mechanism includes a spring 61, a slider 62, a guide rail 63, a contouring rocker arm 66, and a contouring connecting rod 67. The soil return roller 65 is installed on one end of the contouring rocker arm 66 and rotates around its own central axis; the other end of the contouring rocker arm 66 is hinged to the mounting frame 2; one end of the contouring connecting rod 67 is hinged to the contouring rocker arm 66; the other end of the contouring connecting rod 67 is hinged to a connecting block 68 and connected to the slider 62 through the connecting block 68. The connecting block 68 and the slider 62 are connected by a thread; the guide rail 63 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 2 through a guide rail fixing seat 64; the slider 62 is installed on the guide rail 63 and slides along the axial direction of the guide rail 63. During the sliding process, it acts on the spring 61 to extend and retract along the axial direction of the guide rail 63. The spring 61 is fitted on the guide rail 63, and the two ends of the spring 61 abut against the slider 62 and the guide rail fixing seat 64, respectively. The soil return roller 65 is preferably an hourglass-shaped structure with a radius that gradually decreases from the outer ends on both sides to the center. Multiple grooves 651 are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the soil return roller 65 that are in direct contact with the soil.

[0064] During operation, the soil return roller 65 rolls forward close to the ground, gathering soil along the path towards the center of the hourglass structure and filling the seed furrow. The soil return mechanism 6 can adapt to changes in sowing depth and terrain. When the ground is raised or the sowing depth increases, the soil return roller 65 drives the contour rocker arm 66 to swing backward, pushing the slider 62 to move backward, increasing the compression of the spring 61 and increasing the pressure on the slider 62; when the ground is sunken or the sowing depth decreases, the spring 61 pushes the slider 62 forward, and the contour rocker arm 66 swings downward, keeping the soil return roller 65 close to the ground at all times.

[0065] The root-cutting disc 43, the inverted T-shaped furrow opener 5, the seed-discharging pipe 3, and the soil-returning mechanism 6 of the furrowing device of the present invention are arranged in the same plane and move together with the mounting frame 2, acting sequentially on the same seed furrow. First, the root-cutting disc 43 cuts off the plant roots and stems on the furrowing path, forming a narrower furrow; then, the inverted T-shaped furrow opener 5 furrows a second time along the root-cutting furrow to form a structurally stable seed furrow; then, the seeds are discharged from the seed-discharging pipe 3 located behind the inverted T-shaped furrow opener 5 and fall into the seed furrow; finally, the soil-returning mechanism 6 backfills the soil that was squeezed out of the ground during the furrowing process into the seed furrow to bury the seeds. The transverse root-cutting blade 52 and the forming block 53 at the bottom can remove the plant roots and stems around the seeds, refine and compact the soil at the bottom of the seed trench, and provide a suitable environment for seed growth. The root-cutting components include two types: root-cutting disc 43 and transverse root-cutting blade 52. The root-cutting disc 43 cuts roots vertically to the ground, which can effectively prevent the machine from getting tangled in grass, enhance the soil-breaking ability of the trenching device, and reduce the operating resistance of the inverted T-shaped trencher 5. The transverse root-cutting blade 52 installed on the inverted T-shaped trencher 5 cuts roots horizontally parallel to the ground, which can reduce the inhibitory effect of the original plants on seed germination. The soil-returning mechanism 6 adopts a rocker-slider structure to achieve contouring, which can adapt to changes in terrain and adjustments to the trenching depth. When the ground protrudes or the sowing depth increases, the soil return roller 65, installed at one end of the contour rocker 66, drives the contour rocker 66 upward, pushing the slider 62 backward. The spring 61 is compressed, increasing the thrust of the spring 61 on the slider 62. When the ground sinks or the sowing depth decreases, the spring 61 pushes the contour rocker 66 downward, keeping the soil return roller 65 pressed firmly against the ground. The soil return roller 65 is hourglass-shaped, and during its rolling forward, it can gather soil towards the center, allowing the soil to fall into the seed furrow and bury the seeds. The soil return mechanism 6 can initially level the soil around the seed furrow before compaction and use the fine soil generated during furrowing to initially bury the seeds, thereby improving the compaction effect, making the soil around the seeds denser, and improving the moisture retention capacity of the seed furrow.

[0066] This invention uses a root-cutting disc 43 to break the soil and cut roots, reducing the operating resistance of the furrow opener 5 and preventing the machine from getting entangled in weeds. The inverted T-shaped furrow opener 5 forms a structurally stable seed furrow based on the root-cutting trenches. The inverted T-shaped furrow opener 5 has a narrow furrow width, low operating resistance, and minimal soil disturbance, while simultaneously performing root cutting, soil breaking, and soil compaction functions, providing a suitable seed furrow environment for seed growth. After sowing, the soil-returning mechanism 6 performs soil-returning operations, refilling the seed furrow with the fine soil squeezed out during root cutting and furrow opening to bury the seeds. This ensures that the seeds are surrounded by fine soil, improving the effectiveness of compaction and preventing soil voids caused by insufficient compaction, thereby enhancing the moisture retention capacity of the seed furrow. This trenching device can complete multiple operations such as root cutting, trenching, and backfilling in one go. It helps to solve the problems of significant soil disturbance, uneven trenching depth, and poor moisture retention capacity of existing trenching devices when used for reseeding degraded grasslands. It can improve the reseeding effect and increase the reseeding efficiency, and has high practical value in degraded grassland improvement operations.

[0067] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A trenching device, characterized in that, include: Mounting frame, wherein a connecting plate is provided at the front of the mounting frame; A longitudinal root cutting mechanism includes a root cutting disc shaft and a root cutting disc. The root cutting disc shaft is mounted on the front end of the connecting plate. The root cutting disc is connected to the root cutting disc shaft through a bearing seat. The bearing seat is mounted on the root cutting disc shaft and rotates relative to the root cutting disc shaft. The root cutting disc rotates with the bearing seat. The trencher is mounted on the connecting plate and located behind the root cutting disc; The seed metering pipe is mounted on the mounting frame by a fixing clip and is located behind the furrow opener; The soil return mechanism is installed on the mounting frame and located behind the seed metering pipe. The soil return mechanism includes a soil return roller and a contouring mechanism. The contouring mechanism is connected to the mounting frame and the soil return roller respectively, and is used to adapt to changes in sowing depth and terrain, so that the soil return roller always rolls close to the ground. The centerlines of the longitudinal root cutting mechanism, furrow opener, and soil return mechanism are located in the same plane as the centerline of the mounting frame; the longitudinal root cutting mechanism, furrow opener, seed metering pipe, and soil return mechanism move together with the mounting frame and act sequentially on the same seed furrow. The trencher includes a connecting handle, a transverse root-cutting blade, and a forming block. The connecting handle is fixed to the connecting plate by bolts and nuts, and forms a 90° angle with the ground. The forming block is installed at the bottom of the connecting handle, and the width of the forming block is greater than the width of the connecting handle, forming an inverted T-shaped structure. The bottom of the forming block has multiple parallel protruding ridges for breaking up and compacting soil. The transverse root-cutting blade is installed between the connecting handle and the forming block, and the two cutting edges of the transverse root-cutting blade are located outside the edge of the forming block.

2. The trenching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting handle, the transverse root cutting blade, and the forming block are all provided with cutting edges at their front ends, and the cutting edges of the connecting handle, the transverse root cutting blade, and the forming block are located on the same straight line.

3. The trenching device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cutting edges of the connecting handle, the transverse root cutting blade, and the forming block are all 45 degrees.

4. The trenching device as described in claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The transverse root cutting blade has a gradually widening symmetrical structure. The left and right edges of the transverse root cutting blade are sharpened and extend gradually from front to back. The angle between the extension direction of the blade and the forward direction is 8.5°.

5. The trenching device as described in claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The contouring mechanism includes a spring, a slider, a guide rail, a contouring rocker arm, and a contouring connecting rod. The soil return roller is mounted on one end of the contouring rocker arm and rotates around its own central axis. The other end of the contouring rocker arm is hinged to the mounting frame. One end of the contouring connecting rod is hinged to the contouring rocker arm. The other end of the contouring connecting rod is hinged to a connecting block and connected to the slider through the connecting block. The guide rail is mounted on the mounting frame through a guide rail fixing seat. The slider is mounted on the guide rail and slides along the guide rail. The spring is fitted on the guide rail, and both ends of the spring abut against the slider and the guide rail fixing seat, respectively.

6. The trenching device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The soil return roller has an hourglass-shaped structure with a radius that gradually decreases from the outer ends on both sides towards the center. Multiple grooves are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the soil return roller that is in direct contact with the soil.

7. A no-till reseeding machine for grasslands, characterized in that, Includes the trenching device according to any one of claims 1-6.

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