A gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device

Abstract

The present invention provides a wheel set axle box device for a gauge-changing locomotive, which relates to the technical field of locomotive production and manufacturing. The wheel set axle box device for a gauge-changing locomotive includes an axle box beam, an inner wall at the upper end of the axle box beam is provided with a locking frustum and a plurality of locking bosses arranged along the axial direction of the axle, and an outer wall at the lower end of the axle box beam is provided with a locking stop; an axle box body is arranged in the axle box beam, and a locking frustum groove is provided on the outer wall of the axle box body; a sliding mechanism is arranged outside the axle box body and penetrates through the wheel, and the sliding mechanism is provided with a plurality of locking card slots arranged along the axial direction of the axle and a locking groove arranged along the axial direction of the axle; the sliding mechanism is configured to drive the wheel to move along the axial direction of the axle, so that the locking frustum groove is selectively clamped with the locking frustum, at least one locking boss is selectively clamped with the corresponding locking card slot, and the locking stop is selectively clamped with one of the plurality of locking grooves. It has a large load-bearing capacity and meets the strength requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention generally relates to the technical field of locomotive production and manufacturing, and more specifically, to a variable gauge locomotive wheel set axle box device. Background Art

[0002] Since different countries around the world adopt different railway gauge systems. For example, the railways in China are standard gauge with a gauge of 1435 mm, while the railways in Russia and most countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia are wide gauge with a gauge of 1520 mm. During the process of cross-border intermodal transportation, when domestic passenger and freight railway vehicles run from standard gauge lines to wide gauge lines, they cannot pass directly and need to stop to replace the bogies that meet different gauge requirements.

[0003] In existing traditional locomotive wheel sets or EMU power wheel sets, the wheels and axles are assembled together by interference fit, so the inner distance of the wheel set remains unchanged and can only meet the operation requirements of one gauge. When passing through lines with different gauges, it is necessary to stop and return to the depot to replace the bogie that adapts to the new gauge before continuing the operation, which has many problems such as increased labor and material costs, long time consumption, and low operation efficiency.

[0004] Existing variable gauge wheel set technologies at home and abroad generally can only be adapted to EMUs or passenger locomotives with relatively small axle loads and tractive forces. Although the structure of the variable gauge mechanism can be designed to be relatively compact to reduce the difficulty of spatial layout, for high-power and large-axle-load locomotives, due to their large loads in all directions, all existing variable gauge mechanisms cannot meet their strength requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The variable gauge locomotive wheel set axle box device provided by the present invention can bear a relatively large load and can meet the strength usage requirements of high-power and large-axle-load locomotives.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a variable gauge locomotive wheel set axle box device, including an axle, wheels and an axle box assembly. The axle passes through the wheels and the axle box assembly. The axle box assembly includes:

[0007] An axle box girder, on the inner wall of the upper end of the axle box girder, there are provided a locking frustum and a plurality of locking bosses arranged along the axial direction of the axle. On the outer wall of the lower end of the axle box girder, there is provided a locking stop;

[0008] An axle box body, arranged inside the axle box girder, on the outer wall of the axle box body, there is provided a locking frustum groove;

[0009] A sliding mechanism, arranged outside the axle box body and passing through the wheels. The sliding mechanism is provided with a plurality of locking card slots arranged along the axial direction of the axle and a locking groove arranged along the axial direction of the axle;

[0010] Wherein, the sliding mechanism is configured to drive the wheel to move along the axial direction of the axle, so that the locking conical groove is selectively clamped to the locking conical platform, at least one of the locking bosses is selectively clamped to the corresponding locking card slot, and the locking stopper is selectively clamped to one of the plurality of locking grooves, so as to switch between an unlocking mode and a locking mode between the sliding mechanism and the axle box girder, for changing the gauge of the wheel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sliding mechanism includes:

[0012] A locking retaining ring, located between the axle box girder and the wheel, and a plurality of the locking card slots are arranged on a side of the locking retaining ring close to the axle box girder.

[0013] In some embodiments, it includes:

[0014] An axle box rear cover, arranged inside the axle box girder and between the axle box body and the locking retaining ring;

[0015] Wherein, the axle box rear cover is provided with a guiding groove, a force transmission bridge is arranged on a side of the locking retaining ring facing the axle box rear cover, the locking card slot is arranged on the force transmission bridge, and the guiding groove is used for limiting the force transmission bridge.

[0016] In some embodiments, a limiting groove is arranged on a side of the axle box body facing the force transmission bridge, and the limiting groove is used for limiting the force transmission bridge.

[0017] In some embodiments, it further includes:

[0018] A bearing seat, arranged between the locking retaining ring and the wheel and connected to the locking retaining ring;

[0019] A thrust bearing, sleeved outside the axle and arranged between the bearing seat and the axle.

[0020] In some embodiments, a force transmission support is arranged at a lower end of the bearing seat in a direction close to the axle box girder, and a plurality of the locking grooves are arranged on the force transmission support.

[0021] In some embodiments, the sliding mechanism further includes:

[0022] A sliding sleeve, passing through the wheel and abutting against the bearing seat, the axle passes through the sliding sleeve, and a spline groove is arranged on the axle;

[0023] A spline, arranged on an inner wall of the sliding sleeve and arranged in the spline groove.

[0024] In some of these embodiments, the sliding mechanism includes a needle roller assembly, and the needle roller assembly includes:

[0025] A needle roller cage disposed between the axle and the sliding sleeve;

[0026] Needle roller bodies disposed on the needle roller cage and between the needle roller cage and the sliding sleeve.

[0027] In some of these embodiments, the needle roller assembly further includes a limit seat sleeved on the outside of the axle and disposed between the axle and the needle roller cage for limiting the sliding sleeve.

[0028] In some of these embodiments, the axle box girder is provided with an axle hole, and the locking frustum is disposed on the inner wall of the axle hole;

[0029] Wherein, along the radial direction of the axle, there is a clearance between the axle hole and the axle box body, and the axle hole is provided with a vertical portion for restricting the rotation of the axle box body.

[0030] One embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0031] For the variable gauge locomotive wheel set axle box device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging a locking frustum in the axle box girder, the axle box body is disposed in the axle box girder, and the outer wall of the axle box body is provided with a locking frustum groove, which is equivalent to locking on the side where the axial beam and the axle box body are close to each other through the locking frustum groove and the locking frustum, so as to achieve positioning and locking in the axial direction of the axle.

[0032] By arranging a plurality of locking bosses along the axial direction of the axle on the inner wall of the upper end of the axle box girder, and arranging a plurality of locking card slots along the axial direction of the axle on the sliding mechanism, at least one locking boss is selectively engaged with the corresponding locking card slot, which is equivalent to the upper end of the axle box girder and the side where the sliding mechanism is close to each other can be locked through the locking boss and the locking card slot, so as to achieve positioning and locking in the axial direction of the axle and realize gauge locking.

[0033] By arranging a locking stop on the outer wall of the lower end of the axle box girder, and arranging a locking groove along the axial direction of the axle on the sliding mechanism, the locking stop is selectively engaged with one of the plurality of locking grooves, which is equivalent to the lower end of the axle box girder and the side where the sliding mechanism is close to each other can be locked through the locking stop and the locking groove, so as to achieve positioning and locking in the axial direction of the axle and realize gauge locking.

[0034] Since both the upper end and the lower end of the axle box girder can cooperate with the sliding mechanism to transfer the axial force along the axle, it can bear a relatively large load and can meet the strength use requirements of high-power and large-axle-weight locomotives.

[0035] During the operation of a locomotive or vehicle, the locking tapered groove is clamped to the locking tapered platform, the locking boss is clamped to the locking groove, and the locking stop is clamped to the locking recess. This is equivalent to a triple clamping fit that jointly transmits the force acting along the axial direction of the axle, ensuring the load-bearing effect of the wheel. When the gauge of the locomotive or vehicle is switched, the sliding mechanism can drive the wheel to move along the axial direction of the axle to unlock the wheel. At this time, the locking tapered groove is no longer clamped to the locking tapered platform, the locking boss is no longer clamped to the locking groove, and the locking stop is no longer clamped to the locking recess, and the force acting along the axial direction of the axle cannot be transmitted, achieving the unloading effect of the wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] To better understand the present disclosure, reference may be made to the embodiments shown in the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and related elements may be omitted to emphasize and clearly illustrate the technical features of the present disclosure. Additionally, related elements or components may have different arrangements as known in the art. Furthermore, in the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar components in each drawing. By describing its exemplary embodiments in detail with reference to the drawings, the above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent.

[0037] Wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the axle of the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the wheel of the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 4 The sectional view of the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the axle box beam of the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the axle box body of the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the axle box bearing of the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0045] Figure 8The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of an axle ring in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a spacer ring in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of an end - shaft gland in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a rear axle - box cover in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 12 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a front axle - box cover in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 13 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a locking snap - ring in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 14 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a bearing housing in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 15 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a thrust bearing in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 16 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a sliding sleeve in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 17 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a sliding sleeve in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 18 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a needle cage and needle bodies in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 19 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a limit seat in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 20 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a load - bearing shoe in a gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle box device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Among them, the reference numerals are explained as follows:

[0059] 100. Axle box assembly; 200. Axle; 201. Spline groove; 300. Wheel;

[0060] 1. Axle box girder; 101. Locking frustum; 102. Axle hole; 103. Vertical part; 104. Locking boss; 105. Locking stop;

[0061] 2. Axle box body; 21. Locking tapered groove; 22. Limit groove;

[0062] 3. Sliding mechanism; 31. Sliding sleeve; 311. Wheel mounting interface; 312. Thrust bearing mounting interface; 314. Raceway; 33. Spline;

[0063] 34. Needle roller assembly; 341. Needle roller cage; 342. Needle roller body; 343. Limit seat;

[0064] 35. Bearing housing; 351. Force transmission support; 352. Locking groove;

[0065] 36. Locking retaining ring; 361. Force transmission bridge; 362. Locking groove;

[0066] 4. Axle box rear cover; 41. Guide groove; 6. Thrust bearing; 7. Axle box bearing; 8. Axle ring; 9. Spacer ring; 10. Load-bearing boot; 11. Axle end gland; 12. Axle box front cover; 121. Second end cover mounting interface. Detailed implementation manner

[0067] Next, the technical solutions in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The exemplary embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be understood that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0068] In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more; the term "and / or" includes any combination and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In particular, referring to "the / this" object or "one" object also aims to represent one of the possible multiple such objects.

[0069] Unless otherwise specified or stated, terms such as "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, an electrical connection, or a signal connection; "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0070] Furthermore, in the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. described in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described from the angles shown in the drawings and should not be construed as limiting the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. It should also be understood that in the context, when it is mentioned that an element or feature is connected "on", "under", or "inside", "outside" another element (one or more), it can not only be directly connected "on", "under", or "inside", "outside" another (one or more) element, but also be indirectly connected "on", "under", or "inside", "outside" another (one or more) element through an intermediate element.

[0071] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures denote like or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0072] This embodiment provides a gauge - changeable locomotive wheel - set axle - box device, as Figures 1 - 3 shown. The gauge - changeable locomotive wheel - set axle - box device includes an axle 200, wheels 300, and an axle - box assembly 100. The axle 200 passes through the wheels 300 and the axle - box assembly 100. The axle - box assembly 100 is used to change the gauge of the wheels 300 along the axial direction of the axle 200 to achieve the transformation of the inner - side distance of the wheel - set.

[0073] It should be specifically noted that the number of wheels 300 is two. The two wheels 300 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the axle 200. The two gauge - change devices are symmetrically arranged at the axle - end positions on both sides of the axle 200, without occupying the space inside the wheels 300, saving floor space, meeting the structural layout requirements of powered wheel - sets, especially high - power heavy - haul locomotive wheel - sets on the inner side, and at the same time meeting the gauge - change requirements of unpowered wheel - sets. At this time, the space inside the wheels 300 can be used to arrange drive devices such as motors, gearboxes, and journal boxes of powered wheel - sets, or can also be used to arrange disc brake devices of unpowered wheel - sets. The space layout is reasonable and the space utilization rate is high.

[0074] It is understandable that the most crucial part of the gauge conversion of a rail transit locomotive or vehicle is the switching of the inner distance between wheel pairs. The axle box assembly 100 is the most core component for the wheel pairs of a gauge-changing bogie to achieve the switching of the inner distance between wheel pairs and ensure accurate gauge change. By using the axle box assembly 100, the problem that different railway gauges in various countries hinder cross-border railway transportation can be solved, that is, by changing the inner distance between the wheels 300 to adapt to the railway gauges of other countries.

[0075] Existing gauge-changing locomotive wheel pairs can generally only be adapted to multiple unit trains or passenger locomotives with relatively small axle loads and tractive forces. Since the loads in all directions of high-power and large-axle-load locomotives are very large, the existing gauge-changing locomotive wheel pairs cannot meet the strength requirements due to their large loads in all directions.

[0076] To solve this problem, as Figures 4 - 6 shown, the axle box assembly 100 provided in this embodiment includes an axle box beam 1, an axle box body 2, and a sliding mechanism 3. The inner wall of the upper end of the axle box beam 1 is provided with a locking frustum 101 and a plurality of locking bosses 104 arranged along the axial direction of the axle 200. The outer wall of the lower end of the axle box beam 1 is provided with a locking stop 105. The axle box body 2 is arranged inside the axle box beam 1, and a locking frustum groove 21 is provided on the outer wall of the axle box body 2. The sliding mechanism 3 is arranged outside the axle box body 2 and penetrates through the wheel 300. The sliding mechanism 3 is provided with a plurality of locking card slots 362 arranged along the axial direction of the axle 200 and a locking groove 352 arranged along the axial direction of the axle 200. Among them, the sliding mechanism 3 is configured to drive the wheel 300 to move along the axial direction of the axle 200, so that the locking frustum groove 21 is selectively clamped to the locking frustum 101, at least one locking boss 104 is selectively clamped to the corresponding locking card slot 362, and the locking stop 105 is selectively clamped to one of the plurality of locking grooves 352, so that the sliding mechanism 3 and the axle box beam 1 are switched between an unlocking mode and a locking mode for changing the gauge of the wheel 300.

[0077] For the gauge-changing locomotive wheel pair axle box device provided in this embodiment, by providing a locking frustum 101 inside the axle box beam 1, the axle box body 2 is arranged inside the axle box beam 1, and a locking frustum groove 21 is provided on the outer wall of the axle box body 2, it is equivalent to locking on the side where the axial beam and the axle box body 2 are close to each other through the locking frustum groove 21 and the locking frustum 101, playing a role in positioning and locking along the axial direction of the axle 200.

[0078] On the inner wall of the upper end of the axle box girder 1, there are a plurality of locking bosses 104 arranged along the axial direction of the axle 200. The sliding mechanism 3 is provided with a plurality of locking slots 362 arranged along the axial direction of the axle 200. At least one locking boss 104 is selectively engaged with the corresponding locking slot 362. It is equivalent to that the upper end of the axle box girder 1 and the side of the sliding mechanism 3 close to each other can be locked by the locking boss 104 and the locking slot 362, so as to achieve positioning and locking along the axial direction of the axle 200 and realize gauge locking.

[0079] On the outer wall of the lower end of the axle box girder 1, there is a locking stop 105. The sliding mechanism 3 is provided with a locking groove 352 arranged along the axial direction of the axle 200. The locking stop 105 is selectively engaged with one of the plurality of locking grooves 352. It is equivalent to that the lower end of the axle box girder 1 and the side of the sliding mechanism 3 close to each other can be locked by the locking stop 105 and the locking groove 352, so as to achieve positioning and locking along the axial direction of the axle 200 and realize gauge locking.

[0080] Since both the upper end and the lower end of the axle box girder 1 can cooperate with the sliding mechanism 3 to transfer the axial force along the axle 200, it can bear a relatively large load and can meet the strength use requirements of high-power and large-axle-weight locomotives.

[0081] During the operation of the locomotive or vehicle, the locking cone groove 21 is engaged with the locking cone platform 101, the locking boss 104 is engaged with the locking slot 362, and the locking stop 105 is engaged with the locking groove 352. It is equivalent to triple engagement to jointly transfer the axial force along the axle 200 to ensure the bearing effect of the wheel 300; when the gauge of the locomotive or vehicle is switched, the sliding mechanism 3 can drive the wheel 300 to move along the axial direction of the axle 200 to unlock the wheel 300. At this time, the locking cone groove 21 is no longer engaged with the locking cone platform 101, the locking boss 104 is no longer engaged with the locking slot 362, and the locking stop 105 is no longer engaged with the locking groove 352, and the transfer of the axial force along the axle 200 cannot be realized, so as to achieve the unloading effect of the wheel 300.

[0082] It can be understood that the number of the locking bosses 104, the locking slots 362 and the locking grooves 352 matches and adapts to the number of gauges. Specifically, if the number of gauges is two, the number of the locking bosses 104, the locking slots 362 and the locking grooves 352 is two. Among them, the two gauges can be respectively called wide gauge and narrow gauge. When in the wide gauge, the locking stop 105 is engaged with the inner locking groove 352, and the two locking bosses 104 are correspondingly engaged with the two locking slots 362; when in the narrow gauge, the locking stop 105 is engaged with the outer locking groove 352, and the inner locking boss 104 is correspondingly engaged with the corresponding locking slot 362.

[0083] In existing gauge - change mechanisms, generally complex unlocking or locking devices are provided. The axle - box assembly 100 needs to cooperate with the ground unlocking and locking tracks to complete unlocking and locking. The structure is complex, the gauge - change process is cumbersome, the reliability is poor, and situations where locking and unlocking cannot be achieved often occur. This places high requirements on the axle - box assembly 100 and has become a restricting factor hindering the development of gauge - change trains.

[0084] However, the axle - box assembly 100 provided in this embodiment simplifies the gauge - change process into three processes: wheel 300 unloading and unlocking, gauge switching, and wheel 300 loading and locking. This is equivalent to the wheel 300 unlocking and the wheel 300 unloading processes being synchronized and completed simultaneously, and the wheel 300 locking and the wheel 300 loading processes being synchronized and completed simultaneously. During the entire gauge - change process, there is no need to arrange unlocking tracks and locking tracks for the ground gauge - change device, and the complex unlocking and locking procedures during the gauge - change process are cancelled. This simplifies the gauge - change process and saves the design and manufacturing costs of the ground gauge - change device.

[0085] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the axle - box girder 1 is the main load - bearing component of the gauge - change machine wheel - set axle - box device, mainly bearing the locomotive load and transmitting lateral forces. A locking frustum 101 is provided on the inner ring of the axle - box girder 1, and the locking frustum 101 is clamped in the locking frustum groove 21 of the axle - box body 2 to achieve the locking and fixing between the axle - box girder 1 and the axle - box body 2.

[0086] Among them, the locking frustum 101 and the locking frustum groove 21 are conical structures. Under the combined action of the locking frustum 101 and the locking frustum groove 21, positioning in the axial direction of the axle 200 between the axle - box girder 1 and the axle - box body 2 is achieved, and axial acting forces are transmitted during the operation of the locomotive or vehicle.

[0087] It should be particularly noted that a first mounting interface and a second mounting interface are provided on the outside of the axle - box girder 1. The first mounting interface is used to mount the primary suspension device, and the second mounting interface is used to mount the axle - box tie rod. Among them, the first mounting interface can be adjusted according to the overall vehicle parameters and application requirements of the locomotive or vehicle. Double - side spring seats can be arranged, or the spring seats can be arranged on the top of the axle - box girder 1 to form a swing - arm type axle - box; a primary vertical shock absorber can also be arranged, or the primary vertical shock absorber can be arranged on the axle - box cover. The structural adjustment is flexible and diverse, and various axle - box forms and specifications on the market can be substituted.

[0088] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the axle - box girder 1 is provided with an axle hole 102, and the locking frustum 101 is arranged on the inner wall of the axle hole 102. Among them, along the radial direction of the axle 200, there is an active gap between the axle hole 102 and the axle - box body 2.

[0089] An axle hole 102 is provided in the axle box girder 1. The axle hole 102 is used to accommodate the axle housing 2 to provide an installation position for the axle housing 2. A moving gap is provided between the axle hole 102 and the axle housing 2 in the radial direction of the axle 200 to provide a movable space for the axle housing 2. Specifically, when the axle housing 2 moves in the radial direction of the axle 200 and away from the locking frustum 101, the locking cone groove 21 and the locking frustum 101 are disengaged from each other to realize the unloading process of the wheel 300; when the axle housing 2 moves in the radial direction of the axle 200 and towards the locking frustum 101, the locking cone groove 21 and the locking frustum 101 are engaged with each other to realize the loading process of the wheel 300.

[0090] In one embodiment, a vertical portion 103 is provided in the axle hole 102. The vertical portion 103 is used to limit the rotation of the axle housing 2.

[0091] A vertical portion 103 is provided through the axle hole 102. The axle hole 102 is not a circular hole structure. The axle hole 102 is similar to an oblong hole or a kidney-shaped hole structure. The vertical portion 103 can also be called a vertical rib or a force-transmitting limit rib, and has the following main functions: First, the vertical portion 103 plays a limiting role to prevent relative rotation between the axle box girder 1 and the axle housing 2, so as to ensure that the locking cone groove 21 and the corresponding locking frustum 101 will not cause the failure of the axle box assembly 100 due to phase change, so as to ensure the reliability of the axle box assembly 100; Second, during the operation of the locomotive or vehicle, the vertical portion 103 is used to transmit the acting force in the radial direction of the axle 200.

[0092] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 6 shown, the axle housing 2 is the main load-bearing component of the variable gauge locomotive wheel pair axle box device, which is the key part for mainly bearing the locomotive load and transmitting the lateral force. A locking cone groove 21 is provided on the upper part outside the axle housing 2. The locking cone groove 21 and the locking frustum 101 of the axle box girder 1 cooperate with each other to transmit the acting force in the axial direction of the axle 200. There is a resisting portion on the outside of the axle housing 2 that cooperates with the vertical portion 103 of the axle box girder 1 to transmit the acting force in the radial direction of the axle 200. Installation holes are provided inside the axle housing 2, and a first axle box installation interface and a second axle box installation interface are respectively provided on the two end faces of the axle housing 2.

[0093] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 7 shown, the variable gauge locomotive wheel pair axle box device further includes an axle box bearing 7. The axle box bearing 7 is arranged in the installation hole. The installation hole provides an installation position for the axle box bearing 7. The axle box bearing 7 is sleeved outside the axle 200 and arranged between the axle 200 and the axle housing 2 to ensure the smooth rotation of the axle 200 during the normal operation of the locomotive.

[0094] It should be specifically noted that the axle box bearing 7 can be a double-row tapered roller bearing, a double-row cylindrical roller bearing, or other bearings that play the same load-bearing role.

[0095] It should be specifically noted that during gauge conversion, the position of the axle box bearing 7 in the total assembly of the axle box 100 remains fixed, and the center line of the axle box bearing 7 always coincides with the load-bearing center of the axle box body 2 and the axle box girder 1, without uneven loading under various gauges, ensuring the service life and reliability of the axle box bearing 7. In addition, the selection of the axle box bearing 7 is relatively easy, and the axle box bearing 7 of existing locomotives or vehicles can be selected without the need for re-development, obtaining materials locally, and saving production costs.

[0096] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figures 8 - 10 shown, the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set axle box device further includes an axle collar 8, a spacer ring 9, and an axle end gland 11. The axle collar 8 is arranged on the side of the axle box bearing 7 close to the sliding mechanism 3 and abuts against the inner ring of the axle box bearing 7. The spacer ring 9 is arranged on the side of the axle box bearing 7 far from the sliding mechanism 3 and abuts against the inner ring of the axle box bearing 7. The axle end gland 11 is arranged at the end of the axle 200 and presses against the spacer ring 9.

[0097] In other words, the axle collar 8 and the spacer ring 9 are respectively arranged at both ends of the axle box bearing 7, playing a role in limiting both ends of the axle box bearing 7. At the same time, the axle collar 8 and the spacer ring 9 abut against the inner ring of the axle box bearing 7, playing a role in fixing the inner ring of the axle box bearing 7. By arranging the axle end gland 11 at the end of the axle 200 and pressing against the spacer ring 9, at this time, both ends of the spacer ring 9 respectively abut against the axle box bearing 7 and the axle end gland 11 to realize the limitation of the spacer ring 9, and the axle end gland 11 is used to fix the spacer ring 9, thereby realizing the fixation of the inner ring of the axle box bearing 7.

[0098] It should be specifically noted that the spacer ring 9, the axle collar 8, and the axle box bearing 7 can be assembled into one body or arranged separately.

[0099] It should be specifically noted that in some embodiments, the axle collar 8 or the spacer ring 9 may not be provided, that is, the axle collar 8 or the spacer ring 9 is integrated into the axle box bearing 7 at the same time to form an integral structure, which not only ensures the limiting effect but also reduces the parts assembly links.

[0100] It should be specifically noted that the axle end gland 11 and the axle 200 can be connected by bolts, that is, the bolts respectively pass through the axle end gland 11 and the axle 200, and the axle end gland 11 is used to fix the axle box bearing 7.

[0101] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figures 11 - 12As shown in the figure, the axle box device of the gauge-changing locomotive wheel set further includes an axle box rear cover 4 and an axle box front cover 12. The axle box rear cover 4 is arranged inside the axle box beam 1 and at one end of the axle box body 2 close to the sliding mechanism 3, that is, the axle box rear cover 4 is installed at the first axle box installation interface of the axle box body 2. The axle box front cover 12 is partially arranged inside the axle box beam 1 and at one end of the axle box body 2 away from the sliding mechanism 3, and the axle box front cover 12 is installed at the second axle box installation interface of the axle box body 2. Among them, the axle box rear cover 4 and the axle box front cover 12 respectively abut against the outer ring of the axle box bearing 7, playing a role in fixing the outer ring of the axle box bearing 7.

[0102] It should be particularly noted that a first end cover installation interface is provided on the end face of the axle box front cover 12, and the first end cover installation interface is used to install a grounding device or an axle end speed sensor. If necessary, a second end cover installation interface 121 can also be provided on the end face of the axle box front cover 12, and the second end cover installation interface 121 is used to install a primary vertical shock absorber.

[0103] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 13 shown, the sliding mechanism 3 includes a locking retaining ring 36. The locking retaining ring 36 is located between the axle box beam 1 and the wheel 300, and a plurality of locking slots 362 are provided on the side of the locking retaining ring 36 close to the axle box beam 1. By the locking retaining ring 36 being located between the axle box beam 1 and the wheel 300, the locking retaining ring 36 and the axle box beam 1 cooperate with each other to play a locking role.

[0104] Specifically, when the locomotive or vehicle is running, the locking slots 362 of the locking retaining ring 36 are engaged with the locking bosses 104 of the axle box beam 1 to lock the wheel 300; when the gauge of the locomotive or vehicle is switched, the locking slots 362 of the locking retaining ring 36 and the locking bosses 104 of the axle box beam 1 are disengaged from each other to unlock the wheel 300; if it is necessary to switch to a wide gauge, the two locking bosses 104 are correspondingly engaged with the two locking slots 362; when it is necessary to switch to a narrow gauge, the inner locking boss 104 is correspondingly engaged with the outer locking slot 362, which can ensure the force in the axial direction of the axle 200 while meeting the locking of two different gauge states.

[0105] In one embodiment, the axle box rear cover 4 is arranged inside the axle box beam 1 and between the axle box body 2 and the locking retaining ring 36. Among them, the axle box rear cover 4 is provided with a guiding groove 41, and a force transmission bridge 361 (as Figure 13 shown) is provided on the side of the locking retaining ring 36 facing the axle box rear cover 4. The locking slots 362 are arranged on the force transmission bridge 361, and the guiding groove 41 is used to limit the force transmission bridge 361.

[0106] Specifically, an extension portion is provided on the side of the rear cover 4 of the axle box facing the sliding mechanism 3, and a guiding groove 41 is provided on the extension portion. A force transmission bridge 361 is provided on the side of the locking retaining ring 36 facing the rear cover 4 of the axle box, and the guiding groove 41 is used to limit the force transmission bridge 361. While the guiding groove 41 provides a receiving space for the force transmission bridge 361, it also functions to limit the force transmission bridge 361. By using the guiding groove 41, the rotation of the locking retaining ring 36 can be restricted, ensuring that the entire axle box assembly 100 performs precise actions during the gauge change process and guaranteeing the reliability of the gauge change. At the same time, a plurality of locking slots 362 are provided on the force transmission bridge 361 along the axial direction of the axle 200, enabling the locking slots 362 of the locking retaining ring 36 to be docked with the locking bosses 104 of the axle box girder 1 to achieve the unlocking and locking functions of the wheel 300.

[0107] It should be specifically noted that after the wheel 300 is unlocked, the axle box body 2 and the rear cover 4 of the axle box do not rotate, so that the locking retaining ring 36 located in the guiding groove 41 of the rear cover 4 of the axle box also does not rotate, thereby ensuring that the locking tapered groove 21 and the corresponding locking tapered boss 101 will not cause the failure of the axle box assembly 100 due to phase change.

[0108] In one embodiment, a limiting groove 22 is provided on the side of the axle box body 2 facing the force transmission bridge 361 (as Figure 7 ), and the limiting groove 22 is used to limit the force transmission bridge 361.

[0109] By providing the limiting groove 22 on the side of the axle box body 2 facing the force transmission bridge 361, a mechanical limiting function is achieved. When the increase in the inner distance of the wheel 300 is too large, the force transmission bridge 361 of the locking retaining ring 36 contacts the limiting groove 22 to achieve limiting, avoiding the situation of the wheel 300 slipping or being difficult to lock due to excessive lateral displacement of the wheel 300 during the gauge change process. The limiting groove 22 can leave a moving space for the force transmission bridge 361 of the locking retaining ring 36 in the wide gauge state and axially limit the locking retaining ring 36 during the gauge change process from narrow gauge to wide gauge, preventing the locking structure from being misaligned due to excessive displacement.

[0110] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and as Figures 14 - 15 shown, the gauge-changing bogie wheel pair axle box device further includes a bearing seat 35 and a thrust bearing 6. The bearing seat 35 is disposed between the locking retaining ring 36 and the wheel 300 and is connected to the locking retaining ring 36. The thrust bearing 6 is sleeved outside the axle 200 and is disposed between the bearing seat 35 and the axle 200.

[0111] It is arranged between the locking retaining ring 36 and the wheel 300 through the bearing seat 35 and connected to the locking retaining ring 36. The locking retaining ring 36 and the bearing seat 35 cooperate to complete the transmission of the acting force in the axial direction of the axle 200. In addition, the bearing seat 35 is used to mount the thrust bearing 6 to provide a mounting position for the thrust bearing 6. Among them, the thrust bearing 6 can specifically be a double-direction thrust ball bearing, which is used to decouple the rotational movement of the wheel 300 and the movement in the axial direction of the axle 200, and finally only transmit the acting force in the axial direction of the axle 200 received by the wheel 300 to the axle box girder 1 through the locking retaining ring 36 and the bearing seat 35.

[0112] In one embodiment, a force transmission support 351 is arranged at the lower end of the bearing seat 35 in the direction close to the axle box girder 1, and a plurality of locking grooves 352 are arranged on the force transmission support 351.

[0113] By arranging a plurality of locking grooves 352 in the axial direction of the axle 200 on the force transmission support 351, it can cooperate with the locking stop 105 of the axle box girder 1 to lock the gauge and transmit the acting force in the axial direction of the axle 200.

[0114] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and as Figures 16 - 17 shown, the sliding mechanism 3 includes a sliding sleeve 31 and a spline 33. The sliding sleeve 31 is inserted through the wheel 300 and abuts against the bearing seat 35. The axle 200 is inserted through the sliding sleeve 31, and a spline groove 201 is arranged on the axle 200; the spline 33 is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 31 and arranged in the spline groove 201.

[0115] Among them, the sliding sleeve 31 is the main sliding and torque transmission mechanism. By inserting the sliding sleeve 31 through the wheel 300, the sliding sleeve 31 can drive the wheel 300 to move in the axial direction of the axle 200 to realize the process of track change of the wheel 300. Specifically, a wheel mounting interface 311 is arranged on the outside of the sliding sleeve 31, and the wheel mounting interface 311 is used to mount the wheel 300. A thrust bearing mounting interface 312 is arranged on the outside of the sliding sleeve 31, and the thrust bearing mounting interface 312 is used to mount the thrust bearing 6.

[0116] By arranging a spline groove 201 on the axle 200, the spline groove 201 is used to accommodate the spline 33. By arranging the spline 33 on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 31 and arranging it in the spline groove 201, the spline 33 plays a role in transmitting torque during normal operation and also ensures the smoothness of sliding during the track change process.

[0117] It should be particularly noted that the sliding sleeve 31 needs to be processed through special processes to make the sliding sleeve 31 meet the strength requirements, and the sliding sleeve 31 can be replaced in a timely manner according to the usage situation, and the replacement cost is relatively low.

[0118] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 18 shown, the sliding mechanism 3 further includes a needle roller assembly 34. The needle roller assembly 34 includes a needle roller cage 341 and needle roller bodies 342. The needle roller cage 341 is disposed between the axle 200 and the sliding sleeve 31. The needle roller bodies 342 are disposed on the needle roller cage 341 and between the needle roller cage 341 and the sliding sleeve 31.

[0119] It can be understood that the needle roller cage 341 and the needle roller bodies 342 are the main components that bear the loads in the radial direction of the axle 200 between the wheel 300 and the axle 200, such as the mass of each suspension system, the vertical impact force between the wheel and the rail, etc. By disposing the needle roller cage 341 between the axle 200 and the sliding sleeve 31, the needle roller cage 341 provides a bearing position for the needle roller bodies 342. Correspondingly, a raceway 314 (as Figure 17 shown) is provided inside the sliding sleeve 31 to provide an accommodation space for the needle roller bodies 342. Under the mutual cooperation of the needle roller cage 341 and the needle roller bodies 342, it can move along the axial direction of the axle 200 with the wheel 300 during gauge change, ensuring that the center of the needle roller cage 341 always coincides with the rolling circle of the tread of the wheel 300, so that the entire needle roller assembly 34 is not eccentrically loaded and there is no jamming when the wheel 300 slides, further ensuring the smoothness of the sliding mechanism 3 during the gauge change process.

[0120] It should be particularly noted that the needle roller assembly 34 bears the loads in the radial direction of the axle 200. Compared with a sliding bearing, it occupies less space and reduces the risk of wheel 300 jamming during gauge change. However, according to the requirements of the technical solution, in some other embodiments, the needle roller assembly 34 can also be replaced with a sliding bearing.

[0121] It should be particularly noted that in some other embodiments, the needle roller assembly 34 can also be replaced by a needle roller bearing or a sliding bearing.

[0122] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 19 shown, the needle roller assembly 34 further includes a limit seat 343. The limit seat 343 is sleeved outside the axle 200 and disposed between the axle 200 and the needle roller cage 341. The limit seat 343 is mainly used to bear the loads in the radial direction of the axle 200 transmitted by the needle roller assembly 34. One end face of the limit seat 343 can play a limiting role during gauge change, and the other end face can be used to limit the sealing ring of the axle box of the locomotive.

[0123] It should be particularly noted that when the reduction of the inner gauge of the wheel 300 is too large, the sliding sleeve 31 contacts the end face of the limit seat 343 to achieve the limiting function. By adopting this mechanical limiting method, the situation that the gauge change amount of the wheel 300 is too large during the gauge change process is avoided.

[0124] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 20 shown, the gauge - changeable locomotive wheel - set axle - box device further includes a load - bearing shoe 10. The load - bearing shoe 10 is arranged at the lower part of the axle - box girder 1. The load - bearing shoe 10 and the axle - box girder 1 are fastened together by bolts. The main function of the load - bearing shoe 10 is to bear the load in the radial direction of the axle 200 when the gauge of the locomotive or vehicle is changed.

[0125] It should be specifically noted that the load - bearing shoe 10 can be structurally adjusted and replaced according to the interface requirements of the ground gauge - change device.

[0126] The working process of the gauge - changeable locomotive wheel - set axle - box device provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0127] 1. After the locomotive or vehicle enters the unloading area of the ground gauge - change device, the load - bearing shoe 10 arranged at the lower part of the axle - box girder 1 contacts the load - bearing rail of the ground gauge - change device, and the wheel 300 gradually sinks along the sinking rail of the ground gauge - change device. All components of the gauge - changeable locomotive wheel - set axle - box device except the axle - box girder 1 sink together with the wheel 300. At this time, the locking frustum 101 of the axle - box girder 1 and the locking frustum groove 21 of the axle - box body 2, the locking boss 104 of the axle - box girder 1 and the locking groove 362 of the locking retaining ring 36, and the locking groove 352 of the bearing housing 35 and the locking stop 105 of the axle - box girder 1 are gradually disengaged until the lower half - arc of the inner circle of the axle - box body 2 contacts the axle - box girder 1, that is, the unloading is completed. At this time, the load - bearing shoe 10 at the lower part of the axle - box girder 1 bears all the vehicle loads, the wheel 300 is completely unloaded, and the locking frustum 101 of the axle - box girder 1 and the locking frustum groove 21 of the axle - box body 2 are completely disengaged, that is, the wheel 300 is unlocked while being unloaded;

[0128] 2. When the locomotive or vehicle reaches the gauge - change area, the wheel 300 is laterally moved to the fixed gauge under the action of the guide rail, and the slip sleeve 31 drives the thrust bearing 6, the locking retaining ring 36, and the bearing housing 35 to move synchronously. The locking frustum 101 of the axle - box girder 1 and the locking frustum groove 21 of the axle - box body 2, the locking boss 104 of the axle - box girder 1 and the locking groove 362 of the locking retaining ring 36, and the locking groove 352 of the bearing housing 35 and the locking stop 105 of the axle - box girder 1 correspond to each other again;

[0129] In order to prevent the wheel 300 from slipping or having difficulty in locking due to excessive lateral movement of the wheel 300 during the gauge - change process, the present invention has a mechanical limit function, that is, when the increase in the inside distance of the wheel 300 is too large, the force - transmitting bridge 361 of the locking retaining ring 36 contacts the limit groove 22 of the axle - box body 2 to achieve limit; when the decrease in the inside distance of the wheel 300 is too large, the slip sleeve 31 contacts the end face of the limit seat 343 to achieve limit.

[0130] 3. When the locomotive or vehicle arrives at the loading area, the tread of the wheel 300 begins to travel upward along the ascending track of the ground axle box assembly 100. The locking frustum 101 of the axle box girder 1 and the locking tapered groove 21 of the axle box body 2, the locking boss 104 of the axle box girder 1 and the locking card slot 362 of the locking retaining ring 36, and the locking groove 352 of the bearing seat 35 and the locking stop 105 of the axle box girder 1 complete the locking of the wheel 300 simultaneously while the wheel 300 bears the load.

[0131] It can be understood that for the variable gauge locomotive wheel pair axle box device provided in this embodiment, the loads in the radial direction of the axle 200, the axial direction of the axle 200, and the torsional moment between the wheel 300 and the axle 200 are fully decoupled. The radial load along the axle 200 is borne by the needle roller assembly 34, the axial load along the axle 200 is borne by the axle box bearing 7, the thrust ball bearing, and the locking assembly, and the torque is transmitted by the sliding sleeve 31 and the spline 33 of the sliding mechanism 3.

[0132] It can be understood that for the variable gauge locomotive wheel pair axle box device provided in this embodiment, there are only three steps in the entire gauge change process: wheel 300 unloading, gauge transformation, and wheel 300 loading. The unlocking of the wheel 300 is synchronized with the wheel 300 unloading process and is completed simultaneously. The locking of the wheel 300 is synchronized with the wheel 300 loading process and is completed simultaneously. Moreover, the entire gauge change process does not require the ground gauge change device to arrange unlocking tracks and locking tracks, reducing the design difficulty of the ground gauge change device, simplifying the gauge change process, and saving manufacturing and design costs.

[0133] It should be noted here that the variable gauge locomotive wheel pair axle box device shown in the drawings and described in this specification is only an example of applying the principles of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art should clearly understand that the principles of the present invention are not limited to any details or any components of the devices shown in the drawings or described in the specification.

[0134] It should be understood that the present invention does not limit its application to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components proposed in this specification. The present invention can have other embodiments and can be implemented and executed in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more separate features mentioned or apparent in the text and / or drawings. All these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the present invention. The embodiments described in this specification illustrate the best mode known for implementing the present invention and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present invention.

[0135] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the inventive concept disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following the general principles of the present disclosure and including known or customary technical means in the technical field not disclosed herein. The specification and example embodiments are only considered exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the appended claims.

[0136] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of protection of the present disclosure is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle - box device, comprising an axle (200), wheels (300) and an axle - box assembly (100). The axle (200) passes through the wheels (300) and the axle - box assembly (100). Characterized in that: The axle - box assembly (100) includes: An axle - box girder (1). On the inner wall at the upper end of the axle - box girder (1), there are a locking frustum (101) and a plurality of locking bosses (104) arranged along the axial direction of the axle (200). On the outer wall at the lower end of the axle - box girder (1), there is a locking stop (105). An axle - box body (2) is arranged inside the axle - box girder (1). On the outer wall of the axle - box body (2), there is a locking frustum groove (21). A sliding mechanism (3) is arranged outside the axle - box body (2) and passes through the wheels (300). The sliding mechanism (3) is provided with a plurality of locking card slots (362) arranged along the axial direction of the axle (200) and locking grooves (352) arranged along the axial direction of the axle (200). Wherein, the sliding mechanism (3) is configured to drive the wheels (300) to move along the axial direction of the axle (200), so that the locking frustum groove (21) selectively engages with the locking frustum (101), at least one of the locking bosses (104) selectively engages with the corresponding locking card slot (362), and the locking stop (105) selectively engages with one of the plurality of locking grooves (352), so as to switch between an unlocking mode and a locking mode between the sliding mechanism (3) and the axle - box girder (1) for changing the gauge of the wheels (300). The sliding mechanism (3) includes: A locking retaining ring (36), located between the axle - box girder (1) and the wheels (300). A plurality of locking card slots (362) are arranged on the side of the locking retaining ring (36) close to the axle - box girder (1). The gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle - box device further includes: A bearing seat (35), arranged between the locking retaining ring (36) and the wheels (300) and connected to the locking retaining ring (36). A thrust bearing (6), sleeved outside the axle (200) and arranged between the bearing seat (35) and the axle (200). At the lower end of the bearing seat (35), a force - transmitting support (351) is arranged in the direction close to the axle - box girder (1). A plurality of locking grooves (352) are arranged on the force - transmitting support (351).

2. The gauge - changing locomotive wheel - set axle - box device according to claim 1, Characterized in that: It includes: An axle - box rear cover (4), arranged inside the axle - box girder (1) and between the axle - box body (2) and the locking retaining ring (36). Wherein, the axle - box rear cover (4) is provided with a guiding groove (41). On the side of the locking retaining ring (36) facing the axle - box rear cover (4), there is a force - transmitting bridge (361). The locking card slots (362) are arranged on the force - transmitting bridge (361). The guiding groove (41) is used to limit the force - transmitting bridge (361).

3. The axle box device of the gauge - changeable locomotive wheel set according to claim 2, characterized in that, a limiting groove (22) is arranged on one side of the axle box body (2) facing the force - transmission bridge (361), and the limiting groove (22) is used for limiting the force - transmission bridge (361).

4. The axle box device of the gauge - changeable locomotive wheel set according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sliding mechanism (3) further includes: a sliding sleeve (31), which is inserted through the wheel (300) and abuts against the bearing seat (35), the axle (200) is inserted through the sliding sleeve (31), and a spline groove (201) is arranged on the axle (200); a spline (33), which is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (31) and is arranged in the spline groove (201).

5. The axle box device of the gauge - changeable locomotive wheel set according to claim 4, characterized in that, the sliding mechanism (3) includes a needle roller assembly (34), and the needle roller assembly (34) includes: a needle roller cage (341), which is arranged between the axle (200) and the sliding sleeve (31); needle roller bodies (342), which are arranged on the needle roller cage (341) and are arranged between the needle roller cage (341) and the sliding sleeve (31).

6. The axle box device of the gauge - changeable locomotive wheel set according to claim 5, characterized in that, the needle roller assembly (34) further includes a limit seat (343), the limit seat (343) is sleeved outside the axle (200) and is arranged between the axle (200) and the needle roller cage (341) for limiting the sliding sleeve (31).

7. The axle box device of the gauge - changeable locomotive wheel set according to any one of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that, the axle box girder (1) is provided with an axle hole (102), and the locking frustum (101) is arranged on the inner wall of the axle hole (102); wherein, along the radial direction of the axle (200), an activity gap is arranged between the axle hole (102) and the axle box body (2), and the axle hole (102) is provided with a vertical part (103), and the vertical part (103) is used for restricting the rotation of the axle box body (2).

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