A highway subgrade settlement observation device and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of roadbed settlement observation equipment, and particularly relates to a highway roadbed settlement observation device and a use method thereof. In view of the poor protection effect of the existing settlement observation equipment, the settlement observation equipment is easily disturbed by the external environment, thereby affecting the observation data, and the observation needs to be manually observed, which is time-consuming and laborious and reduces the observation efficiency. The present application proposes the following scheme. The highway roadbed settlement observation device comprises a fixing plate, a mounting hole is formed in the top of the fixing plate, a protection seat is mounted in the mounting hole, a fixing groove is formed in the bottom of the protection seat, a control plate is slidingly mounted in the fixing groove, a settlement plate is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the control plate, and a rack is fixedly mounted on one side of the control plate. The present application has a reasonable structure and is convenient to operate. The settlement observation equipment has a good protection effect and is not disturbed by the external environment, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the observation data, and the observation can be automatically observed, which saves time and effort and improves the observation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of roadbed settlement monitoring equipment, and in particular to a highway roadbed settlement monitoring device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The roadbed is a structure formed by filling or excavation that directly supports the track. It is also called the substructure of the line. The roadbed is subjected to multiple loads over a long period of time and is prone to settlement. In order to ensure the safety of the road and vehicles, the settlement difference needs to be tested regularly. The allowable settlement difference varies depending on the road specifications. Ordinary rural roadbeds allow a larger settlement difference, while highway roadbeds and railway roadbeds allow a smaller settlement difference.

[0003] However, existing settlement monitoring equipment has poor protection and is easily affected by the external environment, which affects the monitoring data. In addition, it requires manual observation, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, reducing the efficiency of the monitoring.

[0004] While existing patented technologies for highway subgrade settlement monitoring devices can effectively monitor subgrade settlement by using a synchronous lifting plate that moves in sync with the subgrade, they cannot pinpoint the trend of settlement changes or the direction of the settlement source. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a highway subgrade settlement monitoring device and its usage method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A highway subgrade settlement monitoring device includes a fixed plate. The top of the fixed plate has a mounting hole, and a protective seat is installed within the mounting hole. The bottom of the protective seat has a fixing groove, and a first control plate is slidably installed within the fixing groove. A transverse settlement plate is hinged to the bottom of the first control plate. A rack is fixedly installed on one side of the first control plate. The same rotating rod is rotatably installed on the inner walls of both sides of the fixing groove. A gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod, and the rack meshes with the gear. Two worm gears are fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod. The protective seat has a fixing cavity, and the bottom inner wall of the fixing cavity has two rotating holes. A control rod is rotatably installed in each of the two rotating holes. A worm wheel is fixedly installed at the bottom end of each of the two control rods, and the worm wheel meshes with the corresponding worm gear. The top ends of both control rods extend into the fixing cavity and are fixedly installed with a first bevel gear. The device has two cams mounted on its movable side. A second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on one side of each cam, meshing with a corresponding first bevel gear. A movable plate is slidably mounted inside the fixed cavity. Both cams are in contact with the bottom of the movable plate. A groove is provided on the top of the movable plate, within which two connecting blocks are slidably supported. Rotating arms are rotatably connected to each connecting block. A second control plate is fixedly mounted inside the fixed cavity. Two moving holes are opened on the top of the second control plate, and adjusting rods are slidably mounted in each of the two moving holes. One end of each rotating arm is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding adjusting rod. Moving rods are fixedly mounted on the sides of the two adjusting rods that are far apart from each other. Detection plates are fixedly mounted on the sides of the two moving rods that are far apart from each other. Infrared distance sensors are fixedly mounted on the inner walls of both sides of the fixed cavity, and the detection plates are adapted to the corresponding infrared distance sensors.

[0008] Each of the connecting blocks contains a first magnetic block. Two through holes are formed in the first control plate. Two cylindrical vertical auxiliary rods are provided on the transverse settlement plate. The two vertical auxiliary rods pass through the nearest through hole. A flexible end is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical auxiliary rod and abuts against the bottom of the moving plate. A second magnetic block is embedded in the flexible end. The diameter of the through hole is much larger than the outer diameter of the vertical auxiliary rod.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting frame is fixedly installed on both sides of the protective base, and the same photovoltaic panel is fixedly installed on the two connecting frames.

[0010] Preferably, auxiliary grooves are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the fixing groove, and the two ends of the rotating rod are respectively rotatably installed in the two auxiliary grooves.

[0011] Preferably, two rotating grooves are formed on the inner wall of the fixed cavity, and rotating blocks are fixedly installed on one side of each of the two cams, with the rotating blocks rotatably installed in the corresponding rotating grooves.

[0012] Preferably, a square rod is fixedly installed inside the movable hole, and the adjusting rod has a square hole, with the square rod installed inside the square hole.

[0013] Preferably, the protective base has slots on both sides, and grooves on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting hole. Insert rods are slidably installed in the two grooves and installed in the corresponding slots. Threaded grooves are opened at the ends of the two insert rods that are far apart from each other. Lead rods are threadedly connected to the two threaded grooves. One end of the lead rod is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the corresponding groove. A third bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on both lead rods.

[0014] Preferably, a fixing hole is provided on the top inner wall of each of the two grooves, and a fixing rod is rotatably installed in each of the two fixing holes. A fourth bevel gear is fixedly installed at one end of each of the two fixing rods, and the fourth bevel gear meshes with the corresponding third bevel gear. A rotating plate is fixedly installed at the other end of each of the two fixing rods, and a rotating seat is slidably sleeved on each of the two rotating plates.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the rotating seat is provided with a connecting groove, the rotating plate is installed in the connecting groove, the top of the rotating plate is fixedly installed with a spring, the top end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove, the bottom of the rotating seat is fixedly installed with a locking block, the top of the fixing plate is provided with multiple locking slots, and the locking block is installed in one of the locking slots.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for using a highway subgrade settlement monitoring device, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Fix the fixing plate on the road surface, install the protective seat in the mounting hole so that the settlement plate is attached to the roadbed, pull the two rotating seats, the rotating seats drive the corresponding locking blocks to move, the locking blocks slide out of the locking slots, the locking blocks pull the corresponding springs, the springs undergo elastic deformation, and the rotation restriction of the rotating plate can be removed. Rotate the two rotating seats, the rotating seats drive the corresponding rotating plates to rotate, the rotating plates drive the corresponding fixing rods to rotate, the fixing rods drive the corresponding fourth bevel gears to rotate, and the fourth bevel gears drive the corresponding third bevel gears to rotate.

[0018] S2: The third bevel gear drives the corresponding lead screw to rotate, the lead screw drives the corresponding insertion rod to move, and the insertion rod is inserted into the corresponding slot to fix the position of the protective seat. Loosening the two rotating seats can limit the rotation of the rotating plate. Setting the observation structure in the protective seat can improve the protection effect. When the foundation settles, the foundation drives the settlement plate to move at the same time, the settlement plate drives the control plate to move, the control plate drives the rack to move, and the rack can drive the gear to rotate.

[0019] S3: The gear drives the rotating rod to rotate, the rotating rod drives the two worm gears to rotate, the worm gears drive the corresponding worm wheels to rotate, the worm wheels drive the corresponding control rod to rotate, the control rod drives the corresponding first bevel gear to rotate, the first bevel gear drives the corresponding second bevel gear to rotate, the second bevel gear drives the corresponding cam to rotate, the two cams can lift the moving plate, and the moving plate drives the connecting block to move at the same time.

[0020] S4: The connecting block drives the corresponding rotating arm to move and rotate, which in turn drives the corresponding adjusting rod to move. The adjusting rod drives the corresponding moving rod to move, and the moving rod drives the corresponding detection plate to move. The infrared distance sensor can detect and calculate the position of the detection plate after it moves, thus quickly obtaining the foundation settlement data. The photovoltaic panel can collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy to power the infrared distance sensor.

[0021] S5: During foundation settlement, as the settlement plate moves and descends, the settlement plate tilts due to the different degrees of foundation descent along its lateral extension. This tilt causes the two auxiliary vertical rods to move toward the same side, which in turn causes the two flexible ends on them to slide toward the same side at the bottom of the moving plate. This causes the connecting block to move and rotate the corresponding rotating arm. Since the two connecting blocks move in the same direction, the distance difference between the two detection plates and the nearest infrared distance sensor increases. The tilt direction of the settlement plate can be determined by this distance difference and the side with the larger distance, thus revealing the orientation of the settlement source.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. Therefore, the present invention uses two auxiliary vertical rods and a settlement plate 4 with a bottom hinged mounting, and the flexible material of the flexible end to enable the monitoring of the tilt direction in addition to the monitoring of the settlement amount, thereby realizing the settlement change trend and the location of the settlement source direction.

[0024] 2. The present invention has a reasonable structure and is easy to operate. The settlement observation device has a good protective effect and will not be affected by the external environment, ensuring the accuracy of the observation data. It can also conduct automatic observation, saving time and effort and improving the observation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective base, control board, rack, rotating rod, and gear proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of part A of the structure proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of part B of the structure proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the C part structure proposed in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Fixed plate; 2. Protective seat; 3. First control plate; 4. Settling plate; 5. Rack; 6. Rotating rod; 7. Gear; 8. Worm gear; 9. Fixed cavity; 10. Control rod; 11. Worm wheel; 12. First bevel gear; 13. Cam; 14. Second bevel gear; 15. Moving plate; 16. Connecting block; 17. Rotating arm; 18. Second control plate; 19. Adjusting rod; 20. Moving rod; 21. Detection plate; 22. Infrared distance sensor; 23. Photovoltaic panel; 24. Slot; 25. Insert rod; 26. Lead screw; 27. Third bevel gear; 28. Fixed rod; 29. ​​Fourth bevel gear; 30. Rotating plate; 31. Spring; 32. Rotating seat; 33. Locking block. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a,” and similar terms do not indicate a limitation of quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one.

[0033] Reference Figure 1-5A highway subgrade settlement monitoring device includes a fixed plate 1. The top of the fixed plate 1 has an installation hole, and a protective seat 2 is installed inside the installation hole. The bottom of the protective seat 2 has a fixing groove, and a first control plate 3 is slidably installed inside the fixing groove. A transverse settlement plate 4 is hinged to the bottom of the first control plate 3. A rack 5 is fixedly installed on one side of the first control plate 3. A rotating rod 6 is rotatably installed on the inner walls of both sides of the fixing groove. A gear 7 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod 6, and the rack 5 meshes with the gear 7. Two worm gears 8 are fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod 6. A fixed cavity 9 is provided on the protective seat 2. Two rotating holes are provided on the bottom inner wall of the fixed cavity 9, and control rods 10 are rotatably installed in each of the two rotating holes. Worm gears 11 are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of both control rods 10, and the worm gears 11 mesh with the corresponding worm gears 8. The top ends of both control rods 10 extend into the fixed cavity 9 and are fixedly installed with first bevel gears 12. Two cams 13 are rotatably installed inside the fixed cavity 9. A second bevel gear 14 is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two cams 13. The second bevel gear 14 meshes with the corresponding first bevel gear 12. A movable plate 15 is slidably installed in the fixed cavity 9. Both cams 13 are in contact with the bottom of the movable plate 15. A groove is provided on the top of the movable plate 15. Two connecting blocks 16 are slidably supported in the groove. Rotating arms 17 are rotatably connected to the two connecting blocks 16. A second control plate 18 is fixedly installed in the fixed cavity 9. Two moving holes are opened on the top of the second control plate 18. Adjusting rods 19 are slidably installed in the two moving holes. One end of the rotating arm 17 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding adjusting rod 19. Moving rods 20 are fixedly installed on the side of the two adjusting rods 19 that are far apart from each other. Detection plates 21 are fixedly installed on the side of the two moving rods 20 that are far apart from each other. Infrared distance sensors 22 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the fixed cavity 9. The detection plates 21 are adapted to the corresponding infrared distance sensors 22.

[0034] Each of the connecting blocks 16 contains a first magnetic block. Two through holes are formed in the first control plate 3. Two cylindrical vertical auxiliary rods are provided on the transverse settlement plate 4. The two vertical auxiliary rods pass through the nearest through hole. A flexible end is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical auxiliary rod and abuts against the bottom of the moving plate 15. A second magnetic block is embedded in the flexible end. The diameter of the through hole is much larger than the outer diameter of the vertical auxiliary rod.

[0035] In this embodiment, connecting frames are fixedly installed on both sides of the protective base 2, and the same photovoltaic panel 23 is fixedly installed on the two connecting frames.

[0036] In this embodiment, auxiliary slots are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the fixed slot, and the two ends of the rotating rod 6 are respectively rotatably installed in the two auxiliary slots.

[0037] In this embodiment, two rotating grooves are provided on the inner wall of the fixed cavity 9. A rotating block is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two cams 13. The rotating block is rotatably installed in the corresponding rotating groove. When the cam 13 rotates, it can drive the rotating block to rotate in the rotating groove, thereby raising the position of the cam 13 when it rotates.

[0038] In this embodiment, a square rod is fixedly installed inside the movable hole, and a square hole is opened on the adjusting rod 19, with the square rod installed inside the square hole.

[0039] In this embodiment, slots 24 are provided on both sides of the protective base 2, and grooves are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting hole. Insert rods 25 are slidably installed in the two grooves. Insert rods 25 are installed in the corresponding slots 24. Threaded grooves are provided at the ends of the two insert rods 25 that are far apart from each other. Lead rods 26 are threadedly connected to the two threaded grooves. One end of the lead rod 26 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the corresponding groove. A third bevel gear 27 is fixedly sleeved on both lead rods 26.

[0040] In this embodiment, a fixing hole is provided on the top inner wall of each of the two grooves, and a fixing rod 28 is rotatably installed in each of the two fixing holes. A fourth bevel gear 29 is fixedly installed at one end of each of the two fixing rods 28. The fourth bevel gear 29 meshes with the corresponding third bevel gear 27. A rotating plate 30 is fixedly installed at the other end of each of the two fixing rods 28, and a rotating seat 32 is slidably sleeved on each of the two rotating plates 30.

[0041] In this embodiment, a connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the rotating seat 32, the rotating plate 30 is installed in the connecting groove, a spring 31 is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating plate 30, the top end of the spring 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove, a locking block 33 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating seat 32, and multiple locking slots are provided at the top of the fixing plate 1, with the locking block 33 installed in one of the locking slots.

[0042] This embodiment also provides a method for using a highway subgrade settlement monitoring device, including the following steps:

[0043] S1: Fix the fixing plate 1 on the road surface and install the protective seat 2 in the mounting hole so that the settlement plate 4 is attached to the roadbed. Pull the two rotating seats 32. The rotating seats 32 drive the corresponding locking blocks 33 to move. The locking blocks 33 slide out of the slots and pull the corresponding spring 31. The spring 31 undergoes elastic deformation, which can remove the rotation restriction of the rotating plate 30. Rotate the two rotating seats 32. The rotating seats 32 drive the corresponding rotating plate 30 to rotate. The rotating plate 30 drives the corresponding fixing rod 28 to rotate. The fixing rod 28 drives the corresponding fourth bevel gear 29 to rotate. The fourth bevel gear 29 drives the corresponding third bevel gear 27 to rotate.

[0044] S2: The third bevel gear 27 drives the corresponding lead screw 26 to rotate, the lead screw 26 drives the corresponding insertion rod 25 to move, the insertion rod 25 is inserted into the corresponding slot 24, and the position of the protective seat 2 can be fixed. Loosening the two rotating seats 32 can limit the rotation of the rotating plate 30. Setting the observation structure in the protective seat 2 can improve the protection effect. When the foundation settles, the foundation drives the settlement plate 4 to move at the same time. The settlement plate 4 drives the first control plate 3 to move. The first control plate 3 drives the rack 5 to move. The rack 5 can drive the gear 7 to rotate.

[0045] S3: Gear 7 drives rotating rod 6 to rotate, rotating rod 6 drives two worm gears 8 to rotate, worm gears 8 drive corresponding worm wheels 11 to rotate, worm wheels 11 drive corresponding control rod 10 to rotate, control rod 10 drives corresponding first bevel gear 12 to rotate, first bevel gear 12 drives corresponding second bevel gear 14 to rotate, second bevel gear 14 drives corresponding cam 13 to rotate, the two cams 13 can lift the moving plate 15, and the moving plate 15 drives the connecting block 16 to move at the same time;

[0046] S4: Connecting block 16 drives the corresponding rotating arm 17 to move and rotate, so that the rotating arm 17 drives the corresponding adjusting rod 19 to move, the adjusting rod 19 drives the corresponding moving rod 20 to move, the moving rod 20 drives the corresponding detection plate 21 to move, the infrared distance sensor 22 can detect and calculate the position of the detection plate 21 after it moves, so as to quickly obtain the foundation settlement data, and the photovoltaic panel 23 can collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy to supply the infrared distance sensor 22.

[0047] S5: During foundation settlement, as the settlement plate 4 moves and descends, the first control plate 3 moves. Due to the different degrees of foundation descent along the lateral extension direction of the settlement plate 4, the settlement plate 4 tilts. This tilt causes the two auxiliary vertical rods to move towards the same side, thereby causing the two flexible ends on them to slide towards the same side at the bottom of the moving plate 15. This causes the connecting block 16 to be magnetically attracted and move in the same direction within the chute. The connecting block 16 drives the corresponding rotating arm 17 to move and rotate. Since the two connecting blocks 16 move in the same direction, the two detection plates 21 are aligned with the nearest... The distance difference between the infrared distance sensors 22 increases, and the tilt direction of the settlement plate 4 can be determined by this distance difference and the side with the larger distance, that is, the orientation of the location of the settlement source can be known. If it is uniform settlement, the distance difference between the two detection plates 21 and the nearest infrared distance sensor 22 is zero and the output values ​​of the two infrared distance sensors 22 are the same. The flexible end design of the top of the auxiliary vertical rod allows the two auxiliary vertical rods to still be able to abut the bottom of the moving plate 15 at the same time when the settlement plate 4 is tilted. Rollers can also be added to the flexible end to make the movement at the bottom of the moving plate 15 smoother.

[0048] Therefore, the present invention uses two auxiliary vertical rods and a settlement plate 4 with a bottom hinged mounting, and a flexible material for the flexible end, which enables the monitoring of the tilt direction in addition to the monitoring of the settlement amount, thereby realizing the settlement change trend and the location of the settlement source direction.

[0049] The technological advancements of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: the invention has a reasonable structure and is easy to operate. The settlement observation device has good protection and is not affected by the external environment, ensuring the accuracy of the observation data. It can also conduct automatic observations, saving time and effort and improving observation efficiency.

Claims

1. A highway subgrade settlement monitoring device, comprising a fixing plate (1), characterized in that, The top of the fixing plate (1) has an installation hole, and a protective seat (2) is installed in the installation hole. The bottom of the protective seat (2) has a fixing groove, and a first control plate (3) is slidably installed in the fixing groove. A transverse settling plate (4) is hinged to the bottom of the first control plate (3). A rack (5) is fixedly installed on one side of the first control plate (3). The same rotating rod (6) is rotatably installed on the inner walls of both sides of the fixing groove. A gear (7) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod (6). The rack (5) meshes with the gear (7). Two worm gears (8) are fixedly mounted on the sleeve. A fixed cavity (9) is provided on the protective seat (2). Two rotating holes are provided on the bottom inner wall of the fixed cavity (9). A control rod (10) is rotatably installed in each of the two rotating holes. A worm wheel (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of each of the two control rods (10). The worm wheel (11) meshes with the corresponding worm gear (8). The top ends of each of the two control rods (10) extend into the fixed cavity (9) and are fixedly installed with a first bevel gear (12). Two cams (13) are rotatably installed in the fixed cavity (9). A second bevel gear (14) is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed cavity (9). The second bevel gear (14) meshes with the corresponding first bevel gear (12). A movable plate (15) is slidably installed in the fixed cavity (9). Both cams (13) are in contact with the bottom of the movable plate (15). A groove is provided on the top of the movable plate (15). Two connecting blocks (16) are slidably supported in the groove. A rotating arm (17) is rotatably connected to each of the two connecting blocks (16). A second control plate (18) is fixedly installed in the fixed cavity (9). Two movable holes are provided on the top of the plate (18). An adjusting rod (19) is slidably installed in each of the two movable holes. One end of the rotating arm (17) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding adjusting rod (19). A movable rod (20) is fixedly installed on the side of the two adjusting rods (19) that are far apart from each other. A detection plate (21) is fixedly installed on the side of the two movable rods (20) that are far apart from each other. An infrared distance sensor (22) is fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the fixed cavity (9). The detection plate (21) is adapted to the corresponding infrared distance sensor (22). Each of the connecting blocks (16) contains a first magnetic block. Two through holes are provided in the body of the first control plate (3). Two cylindrical vertical auxiliary rods are provided on the body of the transverse settlement plate (4). The two vertical auxiliary rods pass through one of the nearest through holes. A flexible end is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical auxiliary rod and abuts against the bottom of the moving plate (15). A second magnetic block is embedded in the flexible end. The diameter of the through hole is much larger than the outer diameter of the vertical auxiliary rod.

2. The highway subgrade settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the protective base (2) are fixedly installed with connecting frames, and the same photovoltaic panel (23) is fixedly installed on the two connecting frames.

3. The highway subgrade settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Auxiliary slots are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the fixed slot, and the two ends of the rotating rod (6) are respectively rotatably installed in the two auxiliary slots.

4. The highway subgrade settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two rotating grooves are provided on the inner wall of the fixed cavity (9), and rotating blocks are fixedly installed on one side of each of the two cams (13), and the rotating blocks are rotatably installed in the corresponding rotating grooves.

5. A highway subgrade settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A square rod is fixedly installed inside the movable hole, and a square hole is opened on the adjusting rod (19), and the square rod is installed in the square hole.

6. A highway subgrade settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective base (2) has slots (24) on both sides, and grooves on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting hole. Insert rods (25) are slidably installed in the two grooves. Insert rods (25) are installed in the corresponding slots (24). Threaded grooves are opened at the ends of the two insert rods (25) that are far apart from each other. Threaded rods (26) are threaded into the two threaded grooves. One end of the threaded rod (26) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the corresponding groove. A third bevel gear (27) is fixedly sleeved on both threaded rods (26).

7. A highway subgrade settlement monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Fixing holes are provided on the top inner walls of the two grooves. Fixing rods (28) are rotatably installed in the two fixing holes. A fourth bevel gear (29) is fixedly installed at one end of the two fixing rods (28). The fourth bevel gear (29) meshes with the corresponding third bevel gear (27). A rotating plate (30) is fixedly installed at the other end of the two fixing rods (28). A rotating seat (32) is slidably sleeved on the two rotating plates (30).

8. A highway subgrade settlement monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the rotating seat (32) is provided with a connecting groove, the rotating plate (30) is installed in the connecting groove, the top of the rotating plate (30) is fixedly installed with a spring (31), the top end of the spring (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove, the bottom of the rotating seat (32) is fixedly installed with a locking block (33), the top of the fixing plate (1) is provided with multiple locking slots, and the locking block (33) is installed in one of the locking slots.

9. A method of using the highway subgrade settlement monitoring device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Fix the fixing plate (1) on the road surface and install the protective seat (2) in the mounting hole so that the settlement plate (4) is attached to the roadbed. Pull the two rotating seats (32), the rotating seats (32) drive the corresponding locking block (33) to move, the locking block (33) slides out of the slot, the locking block (33) pulls the corresponding spring (31), the spring (31) undergoes elastic deformation, and the rotation restriction of the rotating plate (30) can be removed. Rotate the two rotating seats (32), the rotating seats (32) drive the corresponding rotating plate (30) to rotate, the rotating plate (30) drives the corresponding fixing rod (28) to rotate, the fixing rod (28) drives the corresponding fourth bevel gear (29) to rotate, and the fourth bevel gear (29) drives the corresponding third bevel gear (27) to rotate. S2: The third bevel gear (27) drives the corresponding lead screw (26) to rotate, the lead screw (26) drives the corresponding insert rod (25) to move, the insert rod (25) is inserted into the corresponding slot (24), and the position of the protective seat (2) can be fixed. Loosening the two rotating seats (32) can limit the rotation of the rotating plate (30). Setting the observation structure in the protective seat (2) can improve the protection effect. When the foundation settles, the foundation drives the settlement plate (4) to move at the same time. The settlement plate (4) drives the first control plate (3) to move. The first control plate (3) drives the rack (5) to move. The rack (5) can drive the gear (7) to rotate. S3: Gear (7) drives rotating rod (6) to rotate, rotating rod (6) drives two worm gears (8) to rotate, worm gears (8) drive corresponding worm wheels (11) to rotate, worm wheels (11) drive corresponding control rod (10) to rotate, control rod (10) drives corresponding first bevel gear (12) to rotate, first bevel gear (12) drives corresponding second bevel gear (14) to rotate, second bevel gear (14) drives corresponding cam (13) to rotate, two cams (13) can lift moving plate (15), moving plate (15) while driving connecting block (16) to move; S4: The connecting block (16) drives the corresponding rotating arm (17) to move and rotate, so that the rotating arm (17) drives the corresponding adjusting rod (19) to move, the adjusting rod (19) drives the corresponding moving rod (20) to move, the moving rod (20) drives the corresponding detection plate (21) to move, the infrared distance sensor (22) can detect and calculate the position of the detection plate (21) after it moves, so as to quickly obtain the foundation settlement data, and the photovoltaic panel (23) can collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy to supply the infrared distance sensor (22) for use; S5: When the foundation settles, the settlement plate (4) moves and descends while the first control plate (3) moves. Due to the different degrees of foundation descent in the lateral extension direction of the settlement plate (4), the settlement plate (4) tilts. This tilt causes the two auxiliary vertical rods to move toward the same side, thereby causing the two flexible ends on them to slide toward the same side at the bottom of the moving plate (15). This causes the connecting block (16) to move and rotate the corresponding rotating arm (17). Since the two connecting blocks (16) move in the same direction, the distance difference between the two detection plates (21) and the nearest infrared distance sensor (22) increases. The tilt direction of the settlement plate (4) can be determined by this distance difference and the side with the larger distance, that is, the orientation of the location of the settlement source can be known.

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