Subsea Wellhead Simulation Test Device and Testing Method for Deepwater Drilling in the Ocean

Abstract

The present invention discloses a subsea wellhead simulation test device and a test method for deep - water offshore drilling. The device includes: a kettle body, the chamber of which is used to fill with soil layers; earth pressure gauges, which are used to be distributed in the soil layers; a surface conductor, the bottom end of which is located in the soil layer and the top end is located above the soil layer; a subsea wellhead device, which is installed at the top end of the surface conductor; a riser, which is connected above the surface conductor through the subsea wellhead device; a tensioner, which is connected to the top end of the riser; a platform device, which is arranged on the tensioner; an experimental frame, which is erected around the kettle body; a push - pull motion device, which is used to simulate the marine environmental loads and the motion of the platform device; a height - adjusting mechanism, which is used to change the height position of the push - pull motion device; and a controller, which is electrically connected to the earth pressure gauges, the subsea wellhead device and the tensioner. The present invention can simulate the influence of the marine environmental loads on the subsea wellhead in deep water to reveal the variation law of the interaction between the deep - water surface conductor and the soil body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water, oil and gas drilling, and particularly relates to a subsea wellhead simulation test device and a test method for deepwater offshore drilling. Background Art

[0002] The description in this part only provides background information related to the disclosure of the present invention and does not constitute prior art.

[0003] With the increasing maturity of deepwater oil and gas development technology, offshore drilling is gradually moving towards deep water. The subsea wellhead is the basis for completing drilling operations, and its performance will directly affect the drilling operations of each well section subsequently implemented. Due to the influence of surface wind waves, ocean currents, etc. on deepwater drilling operations, after installing a blowout preventer and a riser on the wellhead, a great force will be exerted on the wellhead. In addition to the above-mentioned forces, the subsea wellhead composed of a conductor pipe and each layer of surface conductor pipes belongs to a multi-layer pipe system. The deepwater or marine environment is relatively harsh, the strength of the shallow seabed soil is low, the riser pipeline is relatively long, and the blowout preventer group is relatively heavy, all of which will pose severe challenges to the subsea wellhead. It can be said that the stability of the subsea wellhead is directly related to the progress of the entire offshore drilling process. Therefore, the stability problem of the subsea wellhead has become one of the key concerns in deepwater drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a subsea wellhead simulation test device and a test method for deepwater offshore drilling, which can simulate the influence of the subsea wellhead in deep water under ocean environmental loads, reveal the variation law of the interaction between the deepwater surface conductor and the soil body, and provide a basis for deepwater well construction technology. The technical solutions provided are as follows:

[0005] An embodiment of the present application discloses a subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling, including: a kettle body, the kettle body having a hollow chamber for filling a soil layer; earth pressure gauges for being distributed in the soil layer to monitor the pressure change in the soil layer; a surface conductor for being inserted into the soil layer, the surface conductor having a relative bottom end and a top end, the bottom end being located in the soil layer and the top end being located above the soil layer; a subsea wellhead device installed at the top end of the surface conductor; a riser connected above the surface conductor through the subsea wellhead device; a tensioner connected to the top end of the riser for simulating the top tension of the pipe string of a platform device; a platform device arranged on the tensioner; an experimental frame erected around the kettle body for providing support for the test device; a push-pull motion device for simulating ocean environmental loads and the motion of the platform device; a height adjustment mechanism for changing the height position of the push-pull motion device; and a controller electrically connected to the earth pressure gauges, the subsea wellhead device, and the tensioner.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the push-pull motion device includes: a first push-pull mechanism for simulating marine environmental loads, and a second push-pull mechanism for simulating platform motion. The first push-pull mechanism can apply a horizontal load to the riser; the second push-pull mechanism can drive the platform device to move horizontally.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling further includes: a power supply, and a first threaded rod and a second threaded rod for being installed on the test stand. One end of the first threaded rod is connected to the riser, and one end of the second threaded rod is connected to the platform device. The first push-pull mechanism includes a first gear, and the first gear meshes with the thread on the first threaded rod. The power supply drives the first gear to rotate, driving the first threaded rod to perform translational motion; the second push-pull mechanism includes a second gear, and the second gear meshes with the thread on the second threaded rod. The power supply drives the second gear to rotate, driving the second threaded rod to perform translational motion.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the first threaded rod is connected to the riser through an annular pipe clamp, and one end of the second threaded rod is connected to the platform device through an annular pipe clamp. During the translational motion of the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod, they drive the riser and the platform device to perform periodic motion in the horizontal direction, simulating the process of the riser being affected by marine environmental loads and the motion of the platform device.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the test stand includes a vertical beam extending along the height direction and a cross beam connecting the top ends of the vertical beams. An intermediate cross beam is further provided in the middle of the two vertical beams, and the end of the intermediate cross beam is arranged in the vertical beam through a movable joint. The first push-pull mechanism is installed on the intermediate cross beam.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a lifting joint is further provided in the vertical beam and below the movable joint.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the number of earth pressure gauges is multiple, and the multiple earth pressure gauges are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the surface conduit. In the radial direction, the earth pressure gauges are distributed from dense to sparse from the center to the periphery.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the test device further includes: a flexible joint, and the flexible joint is arranged between the subsea wellhead device and the riser.

[0013] A testing method implemented by using the above-mentioned subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling includes:

[0014] Adjust the experimental stand to the first height and add soil into the kettle body;

[0015] Pre-bury the soil pressure gauges at the designated positions in the soil. After the surface conduits are lowered in place, let it stand for a period of time to allow the soil to regain stability, and record the readings of each soil pressure gauge at this time;

[0016] Start the first push-pull mechanism to make it move in the horizontal direction, so that the riser pipe is subjected to a horizontal load, obtain the change in the readings of the current soil pressure gauges, and determine the influence range and pressure change of the interaction between the surface conduit and the soil under the action of the marine environmental load;

[0017] And / or start the second push-pull mechanism to make it move in the horizontal direction, simulate the environmental load on the platform device on the sea surface, obtain the change in the readings of the current soil pressure gauges, and determine the influence range and pressure change of the interaction between the surface conduit and the soil when the platform device is subjected to the load.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the testing method further includes: changing the height positions of the first push-pull mechanism and / or the push-pull mechanism through the height adjustment mechanism, and repeating the above testing method.

[0019] The features and advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] Using the subsea wellhead simulation test device and testing method for deepwater offshore drilling provided in the embodiments of the present application, the height of the push-pull motion device can be adjusted through the height adjustment mechanism (including lifting joints and movable joints, etc.), so as to simulate the marine environmental loads at different depths. And burying soil pressure gauges in the soil can accurately monitor the change in soil pressure and the influence range caused by the load effect, providing a theoretical basis for the design and application of deepwater subsea drilling and well construction technology.

[0021] Referring to the following description and drawings, specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail, indicating the ways in which the principles of the present application can be adopted. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited in scope thereby.

[0022] Features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment can be used in the same or similar way in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or replace features in other embodiments.

[0023] It should be emphasized that the term "comprising / including" when used herein refers to the presence of features, whole things, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, whole things, steps or components. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of a subsea wellhead simulation test device for a new type of deep - sea drilling in the present application implementation manner;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first push - pull mechanism in the push - pull motion device provided by the present application implementation manner;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second push - pull mechanism in the push - pull motion device provided by the present application implementation manner;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the movable joint provided by the present application implementation manner;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the lifting joint provided by the present application implementation manner;

[0029] Figure 6 Flowchart of the steps of a test method implemented using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - sea drilling provided by the present application implementation manner;

[0030] Figure 7 Flowchart of the steps of another test method implemented using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - sea drilling provided by the present application implementation manner;

[0031] Figure 8 Flowchart of the steps of yet another test method implemented using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - sea drilling provided by the present application implementation manner.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Kettle body;

[0034] 2. Soil layer;

[0035] 3. Earth pressure gauge;

[0036] 4. Surface conductor;

[0037] 5. Lifting joint;

[0038] 6. Subsea wellhead device;

[0039] 7. Flexible joint;

[0040] 8. Riser;

[0041] 9. Data line;

[0042] 10. Controller;

[0043] 11. Movable joint;

[0044] 12. Intermediate crossbeam;

[0045] 13. Experimental stand;

[0046] 14. Ring pipe clamp;

[0047] 15. Threaded joint;

[0048] 16. Platform device;

[0049] 17. Tensioner;

[0050] 18-1. First threaded rod;

[0051] 18-2. Second threaded rod;

[0052] 19. First gear;

[0053] 19-1. First push-pull mechanism;

[0054] 19-2. Second push-pull mechanism;

[0055] 20. Electric wire;

[0056] 21. Power supply;

[0057] 22. Second gear;

[0058] 23. Screw. Detailed implementation manners

[0059] Combined with the description of the accompanying drawings and the specific implementation manners of the present invention, the details of the present invention can be more clearly understood. However, the specific implementation manners of the present invention described herein are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and cannot be understood in any way as a limitation of the present invention. Under the teaching of the present invention, those skilled in the art can conceive any possible variations based on the present invention, and these should all be regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the communication inside two elements. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific situations. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manner.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the description of this application herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0061] As Figure 1 shown, the specification of this application provides a subsea wellhead simulation test device and a test method for deepwater offshore drilling. The subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling may include: a kettle body 1, earth pressure gauges 3, a conductor pipe 4, a subsea wellhead device 6, a riser 8, a tensioner 17, a platform device 16, an experimental frame 13, a push-pull motion device, a height adjustment mechanism, a controller 10, etc.

[0062] Among them, the kettle body 1 has a hollow chamber, and the chamber is used to fill the soil layer 2.

[0063] The earth pressure gauges 3 are used to be distributed in the soil layer 2 to monitor the pressure changes in the soil layer 2.

[0064] Specifically, the number of the earth pressure gauges 3 is multiple, and the earth pressure gauges 3 are evenly distributed in the soil layer 2 on both sides of the conductor pipe 4. The multiple earth pressure gauges 3 are evenly distributed along the axis direction of the conductor pipe 4 as a whole. In the radial direction, the earth pressure gauges 3 are distributed from the center to the periphery from dense to sparse.

[0065] The earth pressure gauges 3 are usually arranged at equal distances from the axis of the wellbore mainly to collect the vibration transmission of the pipe string. In theory, the earth pressure gauges 3 are arranged as densely as possible, but according to the theory, the influence is smaller the farther away from the axis. Therefore, the earth pressure gauges 3 can be arranged with the distance between the earth pressure gauges 3 from the center to the two sides changing from dense to sparse. The range of soil disturbance is mainly reflected by whether the readings of the earth pressure gauges 3 change and the magnitude of the change, so as to further evaluate the horizontal and vertical pipe-soil mechanical responses of the wellhead pipe string.

[0066] As Figure 1 shown, in a specific embodiment, the earth pressure gauges 3 can be distributed on both sides of the conductor pipe 4, with four columns and six rows of earth pressure gauges 3 on each side to ensure that the influence range of the pressure can be covered.

[0067] When the earth pressure gauges 3 monitor the pressure changes, if the reading of an earth pressure gauge 3 close to the conductor pipe 4 in a certain row changes while the reading of the adjacent lower row remains unchanged, it means that the vertical pressure influence range only reaches this row; if the reading of an earth pressure gauge 3 in a certain column changes while the reading of the adjacent lower column remains unchanged, it means that the horizontal pressure influence range only reaches this column, and the degree of soil disturbance can be judged by the magnitude of the change in the readings of the earth pressure gauges 3.

[0068] The surface conduit 4 is used to be lowered into the soil layer 2. Specifically, the surface conduit 4 has opposite bottom and top ends, the bottom end is located in the soil layer 2, and the top end is located above the soil layer 2. It should be noted that the surface conduit 4 described in this application is used to simulate the surface conduit in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field. Its specific shape and structure are the same as those of the surface conduit in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field, and its size can be proportionally reduced according to the surface conduit in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field.

[0069] The subsea wellhead device 6 is installed at the top end of the surface conduit. It should be noted that the subsea wellhead device 6 described in this application is used to simulate the subsea wellhead device in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field. Its specific shape and structure are the same as those of the subsea wellhead device in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field, and its size can be proportionally reduced according to the subsea wellhead device in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field.

[0070] The riser 8 is connected above the surface conduit 4 through the subsea wellhead device 6. It should be noted that the riser 8 described in this application is used to simulate the riser in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field. Its specific shape and structure are the same as those of the riser in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field, and its size can be proportionally reduced according to the riser in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field.

[0071] The test device further includes: a flexible joint 7. The flexible joint 7 is arranged between the subsea wellhead device 6 and the riser 8.

[0072] The tensioner 17 is connected to the top end of the riser 8 and is used to simulate the top tension of the pipe string of the platform device 16. Among them, the top end of the riser 8 and the tensioner 17 can be connected and installed through a threaded joint 15.

[0073] Specifically, the core component of the tensioner 17 is a spring. Through the tensioner 17, the pipe string (composed of the surface conduit 4, the subsea wellhead device 6, the riser 8, etc.) and the platform device 16 are connected. When in use, the tensioner 17 mainly composed of the spring is used to simulate the function of the heave compensation device to transmit the dynamic response of the platform movement.

[0074] The platform device 16 is arranged on the tensioner 17. It should be noted that the platform device 16 described in this application is used to simulate the platform device 16 in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field. Its specific shape and structure are the same as those of the platform device 16 in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field, or it can be simplified to a certain extent on the basis of the platform device 16 in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field. Its size can be proportionally reduced according to the riser in the actual deepwater oil and gas drilling field.

[0075] The experimental frame 13 is installed outside the kettle body 1 and is used to provide support for the test device. Specifically, the experimental frame 13 includes vertical beams extending in the height direction and cross beams connecting the tops of the vertical beams. Intermediate cross beams 12 are also provided in the middle of the two vertical beams. Among them, components such as the push-pull motion device can be installed on this experimental frame 13.

[0076] The push-pull motion device is used to simulate the marine environmental load and the movement of the platform device 16. Specifically, this push-pull motion device can achieve the following functions:

[0077] The drift motion of the platform under the action of marine environmental loads is simulated by the reciprocating motion of the rods in the push-pull motion device; the characteristics of the platform motion are simulated by parameters such as the motion amplitude and frequency of the rods in the push-pull motion device; the influence of the eccentric motion of the platform device 16 on the riser 8 and the subsea wellhead can be simulated by adjusting the initial position of the push-pull motion device.

[0078] In one embodiment, the push-pull motion device includes: a first push-pull mechanism 19-1 for simulating the marine environmental load and a second push-pull mechanism 19-2 for simulating the platform motion. The first push-pull mechanism 19-1 can apply a horizontal load to the riser 8; the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 can drive the platform device 16 to move horizontally.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 can make a reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction to simulate the marine environmental load. The second push-pull mechanism 19-2 can simulate the motion process of the platform device 16 on the sea surface. Specifically, the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 and the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 can achieve a reciprocating motion along the extending direction of the thread based on the form of the cooperation of the thread and the gear. Of course, the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 and the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 can also adopt other forms.

[0080] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 . The subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling further includes: a power supply 21, and a first threaded rod 18-1 and a second threaded rod 18-2 for being installed on the experimental frame 13. One end of the first threaded rod 18-1 is connected to the riser 8, and one end of the second threaded rod 18-2 is connected to the platform device 16. Among them, the power supply 21 can be connected to the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 and the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 respectively through the wire 20 to supply power to them.

[0081] As Figure 2As shown, the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 includes a first gear 19, which meshes with the threads on the first screw rod. The power source 21 drives the first gear 19 to rotate, driving the first screw rod 18-1 to translate.

[0082] When the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 is opened to simulate the action of ocean current load, this load will be transmitted to the subsea wellhead device 6 through the riser 8, causing the subsea wellhead device 6 to generate horizontal periodic motion, which is reflected as the pressure change of the soil around the pipe string. The horizontal range and depth of soil disturbance can be reflected by measuring the readings of the earth pressure gauges 3.

[0083] As Figure 3 shown, the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 includes a second gear 22, which meshes with the threads on the second screw rod. The power source 21 drives the second gear 22 to rotate, driving the second screw rod 18-2 to translate.

[0084] The horizontal movement of the platform device 16 is caused by the action of environmental loads. The movement of the platform device 16 will generate periodic horizontal forces on the pipe string. By simulating the movement of the platform device 16, it can represent the action of environmental external forces. The connection between the platform device 16 and the pipe string is a tensioner 17 mainly composed of springs. The movement of the platform device 16 will drive the springs to stretch, so that the force exerted by the movement of the platform device 16 on the pipe string can be simulated.

[0085] Among them, in a specific embodiment, one end of the first screw rod 18-1 is connected to the riser 8 through an annular pipe clamp 14, and one end of the second screw rod 18-2 is connected to the platform device 16 through an annular pipe clamp 14. During the translation process, the first screw rod 18-1 and the second screw rod 18-2 drive the riser 8 and the platform device 16 to perform periodic motion in the horizontal direction, simulating the process of the riser 8 being affected by ocean environmental loads and the movement of the platform device 16.

[0086] In this embodiment, the first screw rod 18-1 and the second screw rod 18-2 are respectively connected to the riser 8 and the platform device 16 through the annular pipe clamp 14. During the translation process, the first screw rod 18-1 and the second screw rod 18-2 will drive the riser 8 and the platform device 16 to perform periodic motion in the horizontal direction, thereby simulating the process of the riser 8 being affected by ocean environmental loads and the movement of the platform.

[0087] Among them, the annular pipe hoop 14 connected to the first threaded rod 18-1 is sleeved outside the riser 8. The inner diameter of the annular pipe hoop 14 is larger than the outer diameter of the riser 8, and the annular pipe hoop 14 can axially move relative to the riser 8 and move within a small range radially. The annular pipe hoop 14 connected to the second threaded rod 18-2 is sleeved outside the platform device 16. The inner diameter of the annular pipe hoop 14 is larger than the outer diameter of the platform device 16, and the annular pipe hoop 14 can axially move relative to the platform device 16 and move within a small range radially.

[0088] In this embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism is used to change the height position of the push-pull motion device. Among them, the height adjustment mechanism may include structures such as a movable joint 11 and a lifting joint 5.

[0089] Among them, the end of the middle cross beam 12 of the experimental frame 13 is arranged in the vertical beam through the movable joint 11, and the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 is installed on the middle cross beam 12. During use, by using the movable joint 11, the height of the middle cross beam 12 of the experimental frame 13 can be changed, thereby changing the height of the first push-pull mechanism 19-1. During use, adjust the movable joint 11 to make the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 at an appropriate height. Specifically, the specific position of the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 can be adjusted according to the simulated marine environment loads at different positions, such as the sea surface, the middle of the seabed, the bottom of the seabed, etc.

[0090] As Figure 4 shown, the movable joint 11 can be arranged on the experimental frame 13 by a detachable connection method. Specifically, the movable joint 11 can be fixed on the experimental frame 13 by means of screws 23, etc. To ensure the reliability of the connection of the movable joint 11, the number of the bolts can be two. Of course, the detachable connection method is not limited to the above examples, and it can also be other methods that are convenient for disassembly and installation.

[0091] In addition, a lifting joint 5 is also arranged in the vertical beam and below the movable joint 11. By using the lifting joint 5, the height of the entire experimental frame 13 can be changed.

[0092] As Figure 5 shown, the lifting joint 5 can also be arranged on the experimental frame 13 by a detachable connection method. Among them, the position of the vertical beam that cooperates with the lifting joint 5 can be divided into two sections, and the lifting joint 5 can be connected to the two ends of the two vertical beams by screws 23. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the experimental frame 13, the distance between the two ends of the two vertical beams can be adjusted through the lifting joint 5. Of course, the detachable connection method is not limited to the above examples, and it can also be other methods that are convenient for disassembly and installation.

[0093] In this embodiment, the controller 10 is electrically connected to the earth pressure gauge 3, the subsea wellhead device 6, and the tensioner 17, and is used to receive data and send control instructions. Specifically, the controller 10 can be electrically connected to the earth pressure gauge 3, the subsea wellhead device 6, and the tensioner 17 through a data line 9, so as to receive data and send control instructions.

[0094] The height adjustment mechanism mainly composed of the lifting joint 5 and the moving joint in this application can adjust the height of the push-pull motion device, so as to simulate the marine environmental loads at different depths. Moreover, burying the earth pressure gauge 3 in the soil can accurately monitor the change of soil pressure and the influence range caused by the load effect, providing a theoretical basis for the design and application of deep-water subsea drilling and well construction technology. Specifically, the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep-water marine drilling provided by this application can achieve the following functions:

[0095] (1) Simulate the influence of platform device offset and periodic action on the pipe string.

[0096] (2) Simulate the influence of sea current loads at different water depths on the pipe string. For example, the loads on the upper, middle, and lower parts of the pipe string act on the pipe string respectively, and determine the difference in the influence of sea current loads at different water depths on the pipe string by disturbing the soil.

[0097] (3) Pioneeringly propose a research on the disturbance of the soil below the mud line of the deep-water subsea wellhead. This research can simulate and measure the disturbance of the soil.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 6 , based on the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep-water marine drilling provided in the above embodiment, this application embodiment also provides a test method implemented by using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep-water marine drilling. This test method can include the following steps:

[0099] Step S1: Adjust the experimental frame 13 to the first height, and add soil to the kettle body 1;

[0100] Step S2: Pre-bury the earth pressure gauge 3 at a specified position in the soil. After the surface conductor 4 is lowered in place, let it stand for a period of time to make the soil recover stability, and record the readings of each earth pressure gauge 3 at this time;

[0101] Step S3: Start the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 to make it move in the horizontal direction, so that the riser 8 is subjected to a horizontal load, obtain the change in the readings of the current earth pressure gauge 3, and determine the influence range and pressure change between the surface conductor 4 and the soil under the action of the marine environmental load;

[0102] Step S4: Activate the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 to make it move horizontally, simulate the environmental loads on the platform device 16 on the sea surface, obtain the change in the reading of the current earth pressure gauge 3, and determine the influence range and pressure change of the interaction between the surface conduit 4 and the soil mass when the platform device 16 is under load.

[0103] Furthermore, the testing method may further include: changing the height positions of the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 and / or the push-pull mechanism through the height adjustment mechanism, and repeating the steps of the above testing method.

[0104] During the specific test, install each part of each test device, adjust the experimental rack 13 to an appropriate height, and add the pre-prepared soil mass into the kettle body 1.

[0105] Pre-bury the earth pressure gauges 3 at designated positions in the soil mass. The earth pressure gauges 3 are evenly distributed on both sides of the surface conduit. For example, six rows and four columns can be distributed on each side to ensure that the earth pressure change range can be completely covered during the simulation test. After the surface conduit 4 is lowered into place, let it stand for a period of time to allow the soil mass to return to stability, and record the readings of each earth pressure gauge 3 at this time.

[0106] Adjust the movable joint 11 to make the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 at an appropriate height, and adjust it according to the simulated marine environmental loads at different positions (such as at the sea surface, 100 meters below the sea surface, 200 meters below the sea surface, etc.), such as at the sea surface, in the middle of the seabed, at the bottom of the seabed, etc. Turn on the power supply 21 switch to make it move horizontally. At this time, the first threaded rod 18-1 will drive the riser 8, so that the riser 8 is subjected to a horizontal load, resulting in the interaction force between the downhole conduit and the soil mass. Observe the change in the reading of the earth pressure gauge 3, and the influence range and pressure change of the interaction between the surface conduit 4 and the soil mass under the action of marine environmental loads at different positions can be obtained.

[0107] Turn on the switch of the second push-pull mechanism 19-2, and the power supply 21 supplies power to the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 to make it also move horizontally, thereby simulating the translational process of the platform to explore the influence of the platform movement on the subsea wellhead, and thus simulating the environmental loads on the platform on the sea surface. Observe the change in the reading of the earth pressure gauge 3 at this time, and the influence range and pressure change of the interaction between the surface conduit 4 and the soil mass when the platform is under load can be obtained.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 7 , based on the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling provided in the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present application also provides a testing method implemented by using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling, and the testing method may include the following steps:

[0109] Step S1: Adjust the experimental rack 13 to the first height and add soil into the kettle body 1;

[0110] Step S2: Pre-bury the earth pressure gauge 3 at a specified position in the soil. After the surface conduit 4 is lowered in place, let it stand for a period of time to allow the soil to regain stability, and record the readings of each earth pressure gauge 3 at this time;

[0111] Step S3: Start the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 and make it move in the horizontal direction, so that the riser 8 is subjected to a horizontal load, obtain the change in the readings of the current earth pressure gauge 3, and determine the influence range and pressure change between the surface conduit 4 and the soil under the action of the marine environmental load.

[0112] In this embodiment, the difference from the above embodiment is that, according to the actual simulation test requirements, only the first push-pull mechanism 19-1 can be started to make it move in the horizontal direction, so that the riser 8 is subjected to a horizontal load, obtain the change in the readings of the current earth pressure gauge 3, and determine the influence range and pressure change between the surface conduit 4 and the soil under the action of the marine environmental load.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 8 , based on the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling provided in the above embodiment, the present application embodiment also provides a test method implemented by using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deepwater offshore drilling, and this test method may include the following steps:

[0114] Step S1: Adjust the experimental rack 13 to the first height and add soil into the kettle body 1;

[0115] Step S2: Pre-bury the earth pressure gauge 3 at a specified position in the soil. After the surface conduit 4 is lowered in place, let it stand for a period of time to allow the soil to regain stability, and record the readings of each earth pressure gauge 3 at this time;

[0116] Step S4: Start the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 and make it move in the horizontal direction to simulate the environmental load received by the platform device 16 on the sea surface, obtain the change in the readings of the current earth pressure gauge 3, and determine the influence range and pressure change between the surface conduit 4 and the soil when the platform device 16 is subjected to the load.

[0117] In this embodiment, the difference from the above embodiment is that, according to the actual simulation test requirements, only the second push-pull mechanism 19-2 can be used to make it move in the horizontal direction to simulate the environmental load received by the platform device 16 on the sea surface, obtain the change in the readings of the current earth pressure gauge 3, and determine the influence range and pressure change between the surface conduit 4 and the soil when the platform device 16 is subjected to the load.

[0118] Any numerical value recited herein includes all values from the lower value to the upper value in increments of one unit therebetween provided that there is a separation of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if a value for a component quantity or process variable (such as temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is recited as being from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, it is intended that values such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32, etc. are also expressly recited in this specification. For values less than 1, one unit is suitably considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1. These are merely examples of what is intended to be specifically recited, and all possible combinations of numerical values between the lowest value and the highest value are to be considered to be expressly recited in this specification in a similar manner.

[0119] Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges include the endpoints and all numbers therebetween. The term “about” or “approximate” used in connection with a range is to be construed in a manner appropriate to the two endpoints of that range. Thus, “about 20 to 30” is intended to cover “about 20 to about 30”, including at least the recited endpoints.

[0120] All articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “consisting essentially of” describing a combination shall include the identified elements, ingredients, components or steps as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe combinations of elements, ingredients, components or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of these elements, ingredients, components or steps. By use of the term “may” herein, it is intended that anything described as “may” include is optional.

[0121] A plurality of elements, ingredients, components or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, ingredient, component or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, ingredient, component or step may be separated into discrete plural elements, ingredients, components or steps. The disclosure of “a” or “an” to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.

[0122] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. Many embodiments and many applications beyond the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Accordingly, the scope of the present teachings should not be determined with reference to the above description, but should be determined with reference to the appended claims and the full scope of equivalents to which those claims are entitled. For the sake of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and published disclosures, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be considered that the inventors did not consider that subject matter to be part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

[0123] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts among the embodiments, reference may be made to each other.

[0124] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. However, the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing method implemented by using a subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - water offshore drilling, characterized in that, the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - water offshore drilling includes: a kettle body, the kettle body has a hollow chamber, and the chamber is used to fill with soil layer; earth pressure gauges, which are used to be distributed in the soil layer to monitor the pressure change in the soil layer; surface conduits, which are used to be inserted into the soil layer, the surface conduits have opposite bottom ends and top ends, the bottom ends are located in the soil layer, and the top ends are located above the soil layer; a subsea wellhead device, which is installed at the top end of the surface conduit; a riser, which is connected above the surface conduit through the subsea wellhead device; a tensioner, which is connected to the top end of the riser and is used to simulate the top tension of the string of the platform device; a platform device, which is arranged on the tensioner; an experimental frame, which is erected around the kettle body and is used to provide support for the test device; a push - pull motion device, which is used to simulate the marine environmental load and the motion of the platform device; a height - adjusting mechanism, which is used to change the height position of the push - pull motion device; a controller, which is electrically connected to the earth pressure gauges, the subsea wellhead device and the tensioner, the push - pull motion device includes: a first push - pull mechanism for simulating the marine environmental load and a second push - pull mechanism for simulating the platform motion, the first push - pull mechanism can apply a horizontal load to the riser; the second push - pull mechanism can drive the platform device to move horizontally; the core component of the tensioner is a spring, the height - adjusting mechanism includes: a movable joint and a lifting joint, the experimental frame includes a vertical beam extending along the height direction and a cross beam connecting the top ends of the vertical beams, and an intermediate cross beam is also arranged in the middle of the two vertical beams, the end of the intermediate cross beam is arranged in the vertical beam through the movable joint, and the first push - pull mechanism is installed on the intermediate cross beam; the lifting joint is arranged in the vertical beam and is located below the movable joint, the testing method includes: Adjust the experimental frame to the first height and add soil into the kettle body; Pre - bury the earth pressure gauges at the specified positions in the soil body, insert the surface conduits in place and let it stand for a period of time to make the soil body recover stability, and record the readings of each earth pressure gauge at this time; Start the first push - pull mechanism to make it move in the horizontal direction, so that the riser is subjected to a horizontal load, obtain the change in the readings of the current earth pressure gauges, and determine the influence range and pressure change of the interaction between the surface conduit and the soil body under the action of the marine environmental load; Start the second push - pull mechanism to make it move in the horizontal direction to simulate the environmental load on the platform device on the sea surface, obtain the change in the readings of the current earth pressure gauges, and determine the influence range and pressure change of the interaction between the surface conduit and the soil body when the platform device is subjected to the load; Through the height - adjusting mechanism, change the height positions of the first push - pull mechanism and / or the second push - pull mechanism, and repeat the above - mentioned testing method.

2. The testing method implemented by using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - water offshore drilling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - water offshore drilling further includes: a power supply, a first threaded rod and a second threaded rod for being installed on the test stand. One end of the first threaded rod is connected to the riser, and one end of the second threaded rod is connected to the platform device. The first push - pull mechanism includes a first gear, which meshes with the thread on the first threaded rod. The power supply drives the first gear to rotate, driving the first threaded rod to translate. The second push - pull mechanism includes a second gear, which meshes with the thread on the second threaded rod. The power supply drives the second gear to rotate, driving the second threaded rod to translate.

3. The test method implemented using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - water offshore drilling according to claim 2, wherein, One end of the first threaded rod is connected to the riser through an annular pipe clamp, and one end of the second threaded rod is connected to the platform device through an annular pipe clamp. During the translation process, the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod drive the riser and the platform device to perform periodic motion in the horizontal direction, simulating the process of the riser being affected by marine environmental loads and the movement of the platform device.

4. The test method implemented using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - water offshore drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The number of the earth pressure gauges is multiple. The multiple earth pressure gauges are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the surface conductor. In the radial direction, the earth pressure gauges are distributed from dense to sparse from the center to the periphery.

5. The test method implemented using the subsea wellhead simulation test device for deep - water offshore drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The test device further includes: a flexible joint, which is arranged between the subsea wellhead device and the riser.

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