Device for group machining locking block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts on CNC milling machines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for group processing of locking block grooves of synchronizer gear holder parts on a CNC milling machine. The device comprises a positioning mechanism mounted on a rotary table of a machine tool indexing head, a clamping mechanism slidably connected to the cylinder body of the machine tool and connected to a piston rod, and a gear alignment mechanism disposed on the positioning mechanism. The positioning mechanism comprises a connector connected to the rotary table of the machine tool indexing head, the end of the connector being connected to a mandrel concentric with the machine tool indexing head turntable for receiving multiple groups of gear holders. One end of the mandrel connected to the machine tool indexing head is radially protruding and provided with a shoulder for supporting the end face of the gear holder. The clamping mechanism comprises a rotatable pressure pad for supporting the end face of the gear holder and rotating with the positioning mechanism. The gear alignment mechanism comprises an aligner for axially positioning the gear holder, the aligner being provided with a wedge-shaped ridge that can be pressed into the tooth groove of the gear holder. The reliable structural design satisfies the functions of single-clamping and group processing of gear holder locking block grooves on a CNC milling machine, while improving positioning accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing fixtures, in particular to a device for group processing locking block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts on a numerically controlled milling machine. Background Art

[0002] Since its introduction, synchronizers have been widely praised by riders. Transmissions with synchronizers offer numerous advantages, including easy shifting, flexible operation, and low noise. The lock ring inertia synchronizer, a widely used synchronizer, is primarily composed of a lock ring, a gear holder, a lock block, and a gear sleeve. During gear shifting, the shift handle operates the shift fork, pushing the gear sleeve to move. The gear sleeve then drives the lock block along the lock block groove. The lock block presses against the notch in the lock ring, creating friction between the lock ring and the front conical surface of the gear to be engaged, causing the gear sleeve to increase or decrease speed. When the lock ring and the gear ring to be engaged are instantly synchronized, the gear sleeve passes over the lock block and engages with the engaging teeth, completing the gear shift smoothly. The outer splines of the tooth adapter have three locking block grooves for accommodating the three locking blocks. The locking blocks are pushed outward by an annular spring into the grooves of the inner spline holes of the coupling sleeve. The inner end of the coupling sleeve has internal splines and three circumferential grooves that mate with the central protrusion of the locking blocks, allowing the locking blocks to move left and right through the coupling sleeve. This shows that the locking block grooves of the tooth adapter not only accommodate the locking blocks but also provide guidance for their movement.

[0003] When processing the locking block groove of the gear seat in the traditional way, multiple clampings are required to complete the processing of a part, which is inefficient, labor-intensive, costly, and inaccurate in positioning. Therefore, it is urgent to design a device for group processing the locking block groove of synchronizer gear seat parts on a CNC milling machine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems in the prior art that the gear seat locking block groove can only be processed in one piece, multiple clamping is required, and positioning is inaccurate, the present invention provides a device for group processing the locking block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts on a CNC milling machine.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical scheme: a device for group processing locking block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts on a CNC milling machine, a machine tool dividing head and a machine tool cylinder are fixedly installed on the workbench, the turntable of the machine tool dividing head is opposite and concentric with the cylinder body of the machine tool cylinder, and is characterized in that it includes a positioning mechanism installed on the turntable of the machine tool dividing head, a clamping mechanism slidably connected in the cylinder body of the machine tool cylinder and connected to the piston rod, and a gear alignment mechanism arranged on the positioning mechanism; the positioning mechanism includes a connector connected to the turntable of the machine tool dividing head, the end of the connector is connected to a spindle concentric with the turntable of the machine tool dividing head, for sleeved multiple groups of gear seats, one end of the spindle connected to the machine tool dividing head is radially protruding and provided with a shaft shoulder for supporting the end face of the gear seat; the clamping mechanism includes a rotatable pressure pad for supporting the end face of the gear seat and rotating with the positioning mechanism; the gear alignment mechanism includes an aligner for axial positioning of the gear seat, and the aligner is provided with a wedge-shaped ridge that can be pressed into the tooth groove of the gear seat.

[0006] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a top that can automatically retract and is concentric with the spindle. A tapered hole is provided at the center of the end of the spindle facing the clamping mechanism. Before the pressure pad presses the gear seat, the top is matched and connected with the tapered hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a pressure cylinder, which is sleeved in the cylinder body of the machine tool. One end of the pressure cylinder is connected to the piston rod, and the other end is sleeved on the rotatable shaft. The rotatable shaft and the pressure cylinder are connected through a bearing, and a pressure pad is provided on the side of the rotatable shaft facing the positioning mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the interior of the rotatable shaft is a through hole, the top tip is sleeved in the through hole, a plug is provided at the tail end of the through hole, a spring is provided between the tail of the top tip and the plug, and a hole is provided in the middle of the pressure pad for the top tip head to pass through.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the middle opening of the pressure pad is smaller than the diameter of the internal through hole of the rotatable shaft, and the outer periphery of the top is correspondingly arranged in a step shape, so that the pressure pad can limit the top body within the rotatable shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the pressure cylinder facing the positioning mechanism extends radially toward the center of the circle to form a limiting portion, and the shaft body of the rotatable shaft is at the limiting portion position and extends radially away from the center of the circle to form a blocking portion, and the limiting portion and the blocking portion are clearance-matched.

[0011] Furthermore, two bearings are provided on the shaft body of the rotatable shaft, one bearing is provided at the end position of the blocking part, and the other is provided on the shaft body of the rotatable shaft near the end position. A support sleeve is provided between the two bearings, and the two ends of the support sleeve respectively abut against the outer rings of the bearings on both sides. An end cover is provided at the tail end of the pressing cylinder, and the end cover is provided with a support ring, which abuts against the outer ring of the outer bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the limiting portion, and a dust ring is provided in the annular groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the plug is provided with an exhaust hole communicating with the outside world.

[0014] Furthermore, the tooth alignment mechanism includes a bracket, which is arranged on the connecting body. The aligner includes a mounting portion and a tooth alignment portion facing the central shaft. Matching protrusions and grooves are respectively provided on the mounting portion and the bracket, so that the aligner can be detachably connected, and a wedge-shaped ridge is provided on the tooth alignment portion facing the tooth seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the bracket is provided with an axially penetrating rectangular groove, and the mounting portion is provided with a rectangular boss that matches the groove.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a reliable structural design, which satisfies the function of clamping and machining the tooth seat locking block groove in groups on a CNC milling machine at one time, and has the advantages of simple operation, reduced labor intensity and cost, improved processing efficiency, and enhanced positioning accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a partial cutaway view of the front view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the middle clamping mechanism;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a front view of the aligner of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a side view of the aligner of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a front view of the bracket of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a side cutaway view of the stent of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 100-tooth seat, 101-machine tool dividing head, 102-machine tool cylinder, 110-positioning mechanism, 111-connector, 112-spindle, 113-shoulder, 120-pressing mechanism, 121-pressing cylinder, 122-rotatable shaft, 123-pressure pad, 124-bearing, 125-bearing, 126-support sleeve, 127-end cover, 128-limiting part, 129-blocking part, 130-tooth alignment mechanism, 131-aligner, 132-wedge-shaped ridge, 133-bracket, 134-mounting part, 135-tooth alignment part, 136-rectangular groove, 137-rectangular boss, 140-top, 141-spring, 142-plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for group machining locking block grooves for synchronizer gear adapter components on a CNC milling machine is shown. A machine tool indexing head 101 and a machine tool hydraulic cylinder 102 are fixedly mounted on a workbench. The turntable of the machine tool indexing head 101 is aligned and concentric with the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 102. A spindle 112 is screwed to a connector 111, which is then screwed to the machine tool indexing head 101, forming a positioning mechanism 110.

[0026] like Figure 2 The clamping mechanism 120 shown in the figure has a pressure cylinder 121 which is sleeved with the cylinder body of the machine tool cylinder 102, one end of the pressure cylinder 121 is connected to the end cover 127 by a screw, the end cover 127 is connected to the cylinder piston rod by a thread, the other end of the pressure cylinder 121 is sleeved with the rotatable shaft 122, and the pressure pad 123 is connected to the outer end of the rotatable shaft 122 by a screw. The rotatable shaft 122 and the pressure cylinder 121 are connected by a bearing sleeve, allowing the rotatable shaft 122 to rotate under force. The end of the pressure cylinder 121 facing the positioning mechanism 110 extends radially toward the center of the circle to form a limit portion 128. The shaft body of the rotatable shaft 122 is located at the limit portion 128 and extends radially away from the center of the circle to form a blocking portion 129. The limit portion 128 and the blocking portion 129 are loosely matched. The bearing 124 is located at the end of the blocking portion 129, and the bearing 125 is located near the end of the shaft body of the rotatable shaft 122. The two ends of the support sleeve 126 are respectively closely connected to the outer rings of the bearings 124 and 125. The end cover 127 is provided with a support ring that abuts the outer ring of the bearing 125, effectively limiting the position of the bearings 124 and 125. The inner wall of the limit portion 128 is also provided with an annular groove, and a dust ring is provided in the annular groove to prevent impurities from entering.

[0027] The rotatable shaft 122 has a through hole, which is sleeved with the top 140. The rear end of the rotatable shaft 122 is connected to the plug 142 via a threaded connection. The plug 142 has an exhaust hole in the middle that is connected to the outside world. The pressure pad 123 has a hole in the middle for the head of the top 140 to pass through. A spring 141 is set between the tail of the top 140 and the plug 142. One end of the spring 141 presses against the plug 142, and the other end presses against the tail of the top 140, realizing the function of the top 13 floating under force and automatically retracting. The diameter of the opening in the middle of the pressure pad 123 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole in the rotatable shaft 122. The outer periphery of the top 140 is correspondingly set into a stepped shape, so that the pressure pad 123 can confine the main body of the top 140 within the rotatable shaft 122.

[0028] The gear alignment mechanism 130 includes a bracket 133 and an aligner 131. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the aligner 131 includes a mounting portion 134 and a tooth portion 135. The mounting portion 134 is provided with a rectangular boss 137, and the tooth portion 135 is provided with a wedge-shaped ridge 132. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the bracket 133 has a U-shaped structure and is provided with a through-going rectangular groove 136. The connector 111 is provided with a single rounded groove. The single rounded boss provided on the bracket 133 is tightly inserted into the single rounded groove of the connector 111. The connection is then tightened by screws, so that the axial centerline of the bracket 133 is parallel to the axial centerline of the connector 111. The rectangular boss 137 on the aligner 131 is tightly inserted into the rectangular groove 136 on the bracket 133, so that the axial centerline of the aligner 131 is parallel to the axial centerline of the bracket 133. The wedge-shaped ridge 132 has a V-shaped surface structure. The V-shaped surface structure presses against the tooth groove of the component without gap, so that the teeth of multiple components can be aligned.

[0029] In the device of the present invention, the tooth alignment mechanism 130 aligns the teeth of multiple gear holders 100, the clamping mechanism 120 clamps the gear holder 100 under the action of the machine tool cylinder 102, and the positioning mechanism 110 drives the gear holder 100 to rotate under the action of the machine tool dividing head 101, thereby realizing the function of clamping and processing the locking block groove of gear holder parts in groups on a CNC milling machine at one time.

[0030] The specific working principle of the positioning mechanism 110 is as follows: the gear seat parts are passed on the core shaft 112, and the teeth of the gear seat parts are first aligned by the gear mechanism 130, and then the axial and radial positioning of the gear seat parts is achieved through the squeezing of the clamping mechanism 120.

[0031] The specific operating principle of the clamping mechanism 120 is as follows: the machine tool cylinder 102 pushes and pulls the pressure cylinder 121, driving the clamping mechanism 120 to move left and right, achieving the clamping and loosening functions. The rotatable shaft 122 and the pressure cylinder 121 are connected by a bearing. When the part is in the clamped state and the machine tool indexing head 101 drives the part to rotate, the bearing enables the rotatable shaft 122 and the part to rotate.

[0032] The specific working principle of the gear alignment mechanism 130 is as follows: the gear seat parts are passed on the main shaft 112, and the rectangular boss 137 on the aligner 131 is tightly embedded in the rectangular groove 136 on the bracket 133. At the same time, the wedge-shaped ridges 132 on the aligner 131 press the two sides of the tooth grooves of each part on the main shaft 112. In the process of the wedge-shaped ridges 132 being squeezed downward, the teeth of multiple parts are aligned.

[0033] During use, first, the gear holder is inserted onto the spindle 112, and the rectangular boss 137 on the aligner 131 is tightly inserted into the rectangular groove 136 on the bracket 133. At the same time, the wedge-shaped ridges 132 on the aligner 131 press against both sides of the tooth grooves of each component on the spindle 112. During the downward squeezing process of the V-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped ridges 132, the teeth of multiple components are aligned. Then, the machine tool cylinder 102 pushes the pressing cylinder 121 toward the spindle 112. During the movement, the top 140 and the pressure pad 123 associated with the pressing cylinder 121 also move, pressing the spindle 112 and the component respectively. Under the pressing action of the top 140 on the center hole of the spindle 112, the concentricity of the spindle 112 and the machine tool dividing head 101 is improved, ensuring the consistency of the locking block groove of the processed component. Under the squeezing of the pressure pad 123 and the end face of the component, the axial and radial positioning of multiple components is achieved. Finally, as the turntable of the machine tool dividing head 101 drives the connector 111 to rotate, the parts associated with the connector 111 also rotate accordingly, realizing the processing of multiple equally divided locking block grooves of the parts, reducing the number of part clamping times, and improving the part processing efficiency.

Claims

1. A device for group processing of lock block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts on a CNC milling machine, wherein a machine tool indexing head (101) and a machine tool oil cylinder (102) are fixedly mounted on a workbench, and the turntable of the machine tool indexing head (101) and the cylinder body of the machine tool oil cylinder (102) are opposite and concentric, and characterized in that: It comprises a positioning mechanism (110) mounted on a rotary table of a machine tool indexing head (101), a pressing mechanism (120) slidably connected to a cylinder body of a machine tool oil cylinder (102) and connected to a piston rod, and a tooth alignment mechanism (130) arranged on the positioning mechanism; The positioning mechanism (110) includes a connecting body (111) connected to a rotating disk of a machine tool dividing head (101), an end of the connecting body (111) being connected to a spindle (112) concentric with the rotating disk of the machine tool dividing head (101) and being used for sleeve-engaging multiple sets of gear seats (100), and one end of the spindle (112) connected to the machine tool dividing head (101) being radially protruding and provided with a shaft shoulder (113) for supporting an end surface of the gear seat (100); The pressing mechanism (120) includes a rotatable pressing pad (123) for pressing against the end surface of the gear seat (100) and rotating with the positioning mechanism (110); The pressing mechanism (120) includes a tip (140) that is automatically retractable and concentric with the mandrel (112). The mandrel (112) is provided with a tapered hole at the center of the end portion facing the pressing mechanism (120). Before the pressure pad (123) presses against the gear seat (100), the tip (140) is engaged with the tapered hole. The pressing mechanism (120) includes a pressing cylinder (121), the pressing cylinder (121) is sleeved in the cylinder body of the machine tool oil cylinder (102), one end of the pressing cylinder (121) is connected to the piston rod, and the other end is sleeved on the rotatable shaft (122), the rotatable shaft (122) and the pressing cylinder (121) are connected through a bearing, and a pressure pad (123) is provided on the side of the rotatable shaft (122) facing the positioning mechanism (110); The interior of the rotatable shaft (122) is a through hole, the top tip (140) is sleeved in the through hole, a plug (142) is provided at the tail end of the through hole, a spring (141) is provided between the tail end of the top tip (140) and the plug (142), and a hole is provided in the middle of the pressure pad (123) for the head of the top tip (140) to pass through; The tooth alignment mechanism (130) comprises an aligner (131) for axially positioning the tooth seat (100), wherein the aligner is provided with a wedge-shaped ridge (132) that can be pressed into the tooth groove of the tooth seat (100).

2. The device for group processing locking block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts on a CNC milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the middle opening of the pressure pad (123) is smaller than the diameter of the internal through hole of the rotatable shaft (122), and the outer periphery of the top (140) is correspondingly set into a step shape, so that the pressure pad (123) can limit the main body of the top (140) within the rotatable shaft (122).

3. The device for machining the locking block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts in groups on a CNC milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end portion of the pressing cylinder (121) facing the positioning mechanism (110) extends radially toward the center of the circle to form a limiting portion (128). The shaft body of the rotatable shaft (122) is located at the limiting portion (128) and extends radially away from the center of the circle to form a blocking portion (129). The limiting portion (128) and the blocking portion (129) are clearance-matched.

4. The device for machining the locking block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts in groups on a CNC milling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two bearings are provided on the shaft body of the rotatable shaft (122), one bearing being provided at the end position of the blocking portion (129), and the other being provided at the shaft body of the rotatable shaft (122) near the end position, a support sleeve (126) being provided between the two bearings, and both ends of the support sleeve (126) respectively abut against the outer rings of the bearings on both sides, an end cover (127) being provided at the tail end of the pressure cylinder (121), and the end cover (127) being provided with a support ring, and the support ring abuts against the outer ring of the outer bearing.

5. The device for machining lock block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts in groups on a CNC milling machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: An annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the limiting portion (128), and a dust ring is provided in the annular groove.

6. The device for machining the locking block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts in groups on a CNC milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth alignment mechanism (130) includes a bracket (133), which is arranged on the connecting body (111). The aligner (131) includes a mounting portion (134) and a tooth alignment portion (135) facing the side of the spindle (112). Matching protrusions and grooves are respectively provided on the mounting portion (134) and the bracket (133), so that the aligner (131) can be detachably connected. A wedge-shaped ridge (132) is provided on the tooth alignment portion (135) facing the side of the tooth seat (100).

7. The device for machining lock block grooves of synchronizer gear seat parts in groups on a CNC milling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bracket (133) is provided with an axially penetrating rectangular groove (136), and the mounting portion (134) is provided with a matching rectangular boss (137).

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