Main circuit system and power supply method of rail vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a main circuit system and a power supply method for a rail vehicle. The system includes: a current collection device, the input end of the current collection device is used to connect with the power supply line of the rail vehicle; a high-voltage box, the high-voltage box includes a high-speed circuit breaker and a high-voltage busbar; one end of the high-speed circuit breaker is connected to the output end of the current collection device, and the other end of the high-speed circuit breaker is connected to the high-voltage busbar; a power battery, the output end of the power battery is connected to the high-voltage busbar, the power battery includes a contactor, and the contactor is used for power supply control of the power battery; an air-conditioning system, the input end of the air-conditioning system is connected to the high-voltage busbar; a traction converter unit, the input end of the traction converter unit is connected to the high-voltage busbar, and the output end of the traction converter unit is used to connect with the input end of the traction motor of the rail vehicle, and the traction converter unit is used to convert the current received from the high-voltage busbar. The present invention realizes the compatibility of two power supply modes of the power supply line and the power battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly to a main circuit system and a power supply method for a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic development, in order to solve traffic problems, as a new type of transportation tool, rail vehicles are gradually becoming a very important part of urban transportation.

[0003] At present, the power supply of the main circuit of rail vehicles mostly comes from power supply lines, namely catenaries and third rails. However, with the urban development, catenaries not only affect the integration with the urban landscape, but also may cause accidents such as vehicle parking due to adhesion of foreign objects to the catenary. The power supply line of the third-rail power supply needs to be installed on the ground throughout the line, with high requirements for security inspection and patrol. If not careful, it may cause casualties to pedestrians or staff.

[0004] Therefore, rail vehicles powered by power batteries came into being. However, due to the high procurement cost and heavy weight of power batteries, it is not suitable for vehicles to be equipped with high-capacity power batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a main circuit system and a power supply method for a rail vehicle, aiming to solve the defects in the prior art that the power supply by power supply lines is unsafe, and the power supply by power batteries has high cost and large weight, and to achieve the compatibility of two power supply modes, namely power supply lines and power batteries.

[0006] The present invention provides a main circuit system for a rail vehicle, comprising:

[0007] A current collection device, the input end of which is used to connect to the power supply line of the rail vehicle;

[0008] A high-voltage box, which includes a high-speed circuit breaker and a high-voltage busbar;

[0009] One end of the high-speed circuit breaker is connected to the output end of the current collection device, and the other end of the high-speed circuit breaker is connected to the high-voltage busbar;

[0010] A power battery, the output end of which is connected to the high-voltage busbar, and the power battery includes a contactor, which is used for power supply control of the power battery;

[0011] An air-conditioning system, the input end of which is connected to the high-voltage busbar;

[0012] A traction converter unit, the input end of which is connected to the high-voltage busbar, and the output end of which is used to connect to the input end of the traction motor of the rail vehicle, and the traction converter unit is used for converting the current received from the high-voltage busbar.

[0013] According to a main circuit system of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention, the high-voltage box further includes a three-position switch;

[0014] The lower port of the three-position switch is connected to one end of the high-speed circuit breaker;

[0015] The closing position of the three-position switch is connected to the output end of the current collector device;

[0016] The opening position of the three-position switch is used to be connected to an external depot socket of the high-voltage box;

[0017] The grounding position of the three-position switch is used for grounding.

[0018] According to a main circuit system of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention, it further includes an auxiliary inverter unit;

[0019] The input end of the auxiliary inverter unit is connected to the high-voltage busbar, and the output end of the auxiliary inverter unit is used to connect multiple electrical loads of the rail vehicle.

[0020] The present invention also provides a main circuit power supply method for a rail vehicle, which is applied to the main circuit system of any of the above-mentioned rail vehicles, and includes:

[0021] When there is a power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, close the high-speed circuit breaker, disconnect the contactor of the power battery, and supply power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power supply line;

[0022] When there is no power supply line in the current operating section, disconnect the high-speed circuit breaker, close the contactor of the power battery, and supply power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power battery.

[0023] According to a main circuit method of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention, it further includes:

[0024] When there is a power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, rotate the three-position switch to the closing position;

[0025] When there is no power supply line in the current operating section, rotate the three-position switch to the opening position.

[0026] According to a main circuit method of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention, it further includes:

[0027] When the rail vehicle is in a maintenance state, rotate the three-position switch to the grounding position.

[0028] According to a main circuit method of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention, it further includes:

[0029] When the rail vehicle is in the commissioning state, rotate the three-position switch to the off position, connect the off position to the external depot socket of the high-voltage box, insert the depot plug into the external depot socket, and supply power to the rail vehicle.

[0030] A main circuit method for a rail vehicle provided by the present invention further includes:

[0031] When there is a power supply line in the current operation section of the rail vehicle, supply power to the auxiliary inverter unit through the power supply line;

[0032] When there is no power supply line in the current operation section, supply power to the auxiliary inverter unit through the power battery.

[0033] According to a main circuit method for a rail vehicle provided by the present invention, the step of supplying power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power supply line includes:

[0034] When the rail vehicle is in the traction condition, the current of the power supply line flows through the high-speed circuit breaker to the high-voltage busbar, and the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system obtain electric energy through the high-voltage busbar;

[0035] When the rail vehicle is in the braking condition, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit flows through the high-voltage busbar and is then fed back into the power supply line to supply power to the air-conditioning system.

[0036] According to a main circuit method for a rail vehicle provided by the present invention, the step of supplying power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power battery includes:

[0037] When the rail vehicle is in the traction condition, the current of the power battery flows to the high-voltage busbar, and the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system obtain electric energy through the high-voltage busbar;

[0038] When the rail vehicle is in the braking condition, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit flows through the high-voltage busbar and is then fed back into the power battery to supply power to the air-conditioning system.

[0039] The main circuit system and power supply method for a rail vehicle provided by the present invention combine the power supply line and the power battery through the high-speed circuit breaker and the high-voltage busbar in the high-voltage box, enabling the main circuit of the rail vehicle to be compatible with two power supply modes: power supply line power supply and power battery power supply. It can use the power supply line method when there is a power supply line in the operation section and use the power battery for power supply when there is no power supply line in the operation section, improving power supply safety, eliminating the need for line transformation, and allowing for the arrangement of a power battery with a relatively small capacity, reducing costs and reducing the weight of the entire vehicle. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the main circuit system of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is another schematic structural diagram of the main circuit system of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is yet another schematic structural diagram of the main circuit system of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 is the schematic flow diagram of the main circuit power supply method of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The following will describe a main circuit system of a rail vehicle in conjunction with Figure 1 including:

[0047] A current collection device 2, the input end of the current collection device 2 is used to be connected to the power supply line 1 of the rail vehicle;

[0048] Optionally, the current collection device 2 includes a third rail and a current collector. Among them, the third rail is laid in the vehicle depot, and the third rail is connected to one end of the high-speed circuit breaker through the current collector.

[0049] Alternatively, the current collection device 2 includes an overhead catenary and a pantograph. The overhead catenary is laid in the vehicle depot, and the overhead catenary is connected to one end of the high-speed circuit breaker through the pantograph.

[0050] The current collection device 2 is connected to the power supply line 1, and the current of the power supply line 1 is introduced into the high-voltage busbar 303 through the high-speed circuit breaker 302.

[0051] High-voltage box 3, the high-voltage box 3 includes a high-speed circuit breaker 302 and a high-voltage busbar 303;

[0052] One end of the high-speed circuit breaker 302 is connected to the output end of the current collector device 2, and the other end of the high-speed circuit breaker 302 is connected to the high-voltage busbar 303;

[0053] A circuit breaker refers to a switching device that can close, carry, and interrupt the current under normal circuit conditions, and can also close, carry, and interrupt the current under abnormal circuit conditions within a specified time.

[0054] The high-speed circuit breaker 302, as the main circuit breaker of the train, is used for the power supply and protection of the main circuit. When the train starts, raises the pantograph, and closes the high-speed circuit breaker, it supplies high-voltage main current to the main circuit; when short circuit, overload, and grounding faults occur in the main circuit, the high-speed circuit breaker can quickly disconnect the high-voltage power supply current of the main circuit, thereby realizing the protection of the main circuit.

[0055] The high-voltage busbar 303 is used to connect the power supply and the load, that is, to connect the power supply line 1, the power battery 5, the traction converter unit 4, and the air-conditioning system 6.

[0056] Power battery 5, the output end of the power battery 5 is connected to the high-voltage busbar 303, and the power battery 5 includes a contactor, and the contactor is used for power supply control of the power battery;

[0057] A contactor is a voltage-controlled switching device, which is arranged inside the power battery and is used to control whether the power battery supplies power.

[0058] Optionally, the voltage range of the power battery is 500 to 900V, and the rated voltage of the power battery is 750V.

[0059] The power battery 5 also includes a DC (Direct Current) / DC converter, and the power battery is connected to the high-voltage busbar through the DC / DC converter.

[0060] The DC / DC converter is used to convert the direct current provided by the power battery into the direct current required by the air-conditioning system and the traction converter unit. That is to say, the DC / DC converter can realize both step-up conversion and step-down conversion.

[0061] For example, the rated voltage of the power battery is 750V, and the voltage required by the traction unit is 500V. Under the traction condition, the DC / DC converter needs to convert the 750V voltage provided by the power battery into the 500V required by the traction converter unit, so that the power battery can supply energy to the traction converter unit.

[0062] Air-conditioning system 6, the input end of the air-conditioning system 6 is connected to the high-voltage busbar 303;

[0063] Optionally, the air conditioning system 6 adopts a direct current high-voltage powered air conditioner. The direct current high-voltage powered air conditioner is internally equipped with an inverter and can be directly connected to the high-voltage busbar 303 in the high-voltage box 3 to obtain electric energy from the high-voltage busbar 303. This power supply method avoids the problems of high power of other auxiliary equipment, such as the auxiliary inverter unit, and large size and weight of the equipment when the air conditioning system uses 380V alternating current.

[0064] The traction converter unit 4, the input end of the traction converter unit 4 is connected to the high-voltage busbar 303, the output end of the traction converter unit 4 is used to be connected to the input end of the traction motor of the rail vehicle, and the traction converter unit 4 is used to convert the current received from the high-voltage busbar.

[0065] The traction converter unit 4 can convert the high-voltage direct current received from the high-voltage busbar 303 into three-phase alternating current required by the traction motor, and can also convert the three-phase alternating current of the traction motor into direct current to supply power to the air conditioning system. That is to say, the traction converter unit 4 can realize both AC (Alternating Current) / DC conversion and DC / AC conversion.

[0066] For example, if the input voltage of the traction converter unit is 500V and the voltage required by the traction motor is 380V three-phase alternating current, then under the traction condition, the traction converter unit needs to convert 500V direct current into 380V three-phase alternating current so that the traction motor can work; under the braking condition, the traction converter unit needs to convert 380V three-phase alternating current into high-voltage direct current to supply power to the air conditioning system.

[0067] In this embodiment, through the high-speed circuit breaker and the high-voltage busbar in the high-voltage box, the power supply line and the power battery are combined, so that the main circuit of the rail vehicle is compatible with two power supply modes: power supply line power supply and power battery power supply. When there is a power supply line in the operation section, the power supply line mode can be used for power supply, and when there is no power supply line in the operation section, the power battery can be used for power supply, improving the power supply safety, without the need for line transformation, and a power battery with a smaller power can be arranged, reducing costs and reducing the weight of the whole vehicle.

[0068] On the basis of the above embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the high-voltage box of this embodiment further includes a three-position switch 301;

[0069] The lower port of the three-position switch 301 is connected to one end of the high-speed circuit breaker 302;

[0070] The closing position of the three-position switch 301 is connected to the output end of the current collector device 2;

[0071] The opening position of the three-position switch 301 is used to connect to the external depot socket of the high-voltage box 3;

[0072] The grounding position of the three-position switch is used for grounding.

[0073] Among them, the closing position of the three-position switch 301 is connected to the current collection device 2, which is the working position when the rail vehicle is running; the opening position of the three-position switch 301 is connected to the external depot socket of the high-voltage box 3 for the external power supply debugging of the vehicle; the grounding position of the three-position switch 301 is connected to the grounding point to ensure the grounding safety of the vehicle during vehicle maintenance.

[0074] In this embodiment, by using the three-position switch, the main circuit of the rail vehicle is applicable to different power supply modes and different application scenarios of the rail vehicle, improving the safety of the rail vehicle and the applicability of the main circuit.

[0075] On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment further includes an auxiliary inverter unit;

[0076] The input end of the auxiliary inverter unit is connected to the high-voltage busbar, and the output end of the auxiliary inverter unit is used to connect to multiple electrical loads of the rail vehicle.

[0077] Optionally, the auxiliary inverter unit converts the high-voltage direct current obtained from the high-voltage busbar into alternating current to supply energy to multiple electrical loads. The electrical loads can be vehicle electrical equipment such as fans, batteries, lighting equipment, and electric heaters, and the electrical loads are connected in parallel.

[0078] The auxiliary inverter unit can use hard-switching technology or soft-switching technology to achieve isolated DC / AC conversion, or other power conversion technologies to achieve isolated DC / AC conversion.

[0079] Figure 3 For the complete structural schematic diagram of the main circuit of the rail vehicle, the power supply line 1 is connected to the current collection device 2, and the high-voltage box 3 includes a three-position switch 301, a high-speed circuit breaker 302, and a high-voltage busbar 303.

[0080] The current collection device 2 is connected to the closing position 3011 of the three-position switch 301 in the high-voltage box 3. The opening position 3012 of the three-position switch 301 is connected to the depot socket, and the grounding position 3013 is grounded. The lower port of the three-position switch 301 is connected to the high-speed circuit breaker 302, and the lower port of the high-speed circuit breaker 302 is connected to the high-voltage busbar 303.

[0081] The traction converter unit 4, the power battery 5, the air-conditioning system 6, and the auxiliary inverter unit 7 are connected to the high-voltage busbar 303, and the traction motor 8 is connected to the traction converter unit 4.

[0082] The main circuit power supply method of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention will be described below. The main circuit power supply method of the rail vehicle described below can be referred to in correspondence with the main circuit system of the rail vehicle described above.

[0083] As Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, a main circuit power supply method for a rail vehicle, which is applied to the main circuit system of any of the above-mentioned rail vehicles, includes:

[0084] Step 401, when there is a power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle, close the high-speed circuit breaker, disconnect the contactor of the power battery, and supply power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power supply line;

[0085] Determine the current running section of the rail vehicle according to the position of the rail vehicle. The position of the rail vehicle can be obtained by transponder positioning.

[0086] Judge whether there is a power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle. If there is a power supply line in the current running section, use the power supply line for power supply.

[0087] By closing the high-speed circuit breaker and disconnecting the contactor of the power battery, the current of the power supply line flows through the high-speed circuit breaker to the high-voltage busbar, supplying power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system, while the power battery does not supply power.

[0088] Step 402, when there is no power supply line in the current running section, disconnect the high-speed circuit breaker, close the contactor of the power battery, and supply power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power battery.

[0089] If there is no power supply line in the current running section, use the power battery for power supply.

[0090] By disconnecting the high-speed circuit breaker and closing the contactor of the power battery, the current of the power battery flows through the contactor to the high-voltage busbar, supplying power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system, while the power supply line does not supply power.

[0091] In this embodiment, when there is a power supply line in the running section, the power supply line method is used for power supply. When there is no power supply line in the running section, the power battery is used for power supply. It is compatible with two power supply modes of power supply line power supply and power battery power supply, which can improve power supply safety, does not require line transformation, and can arrange power batteries with a smaller capacity, reducing costs and reducing the weight of the whole vehicle.

[0092] Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further includes:

[0093] When there is a power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle, rotate the three-position switch to the closing position;

[0094] When a three - position switch is connected to the main circuit, when there is a power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, rotate the three - position switch to the closing position, the high - speed circuit breaker closes, and the contactor in the power battery disconnects, and the electric energy is provided by the power supply line.

[0095] When there is no power supply line in the current operating section, rotate the three - position switch to the opening position.

[0096] When a three - position switch is connected to the main circuit, when there is no power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, rotate the three - position switch to the opening position, the high - speed circuit breaker disconnects, and the contactor in the power battery closes, and the electric energy is provided by the power battery.

[0097] In this embodiment, by using the three - position switch, the main circuit of the rail vehicle is applicable to different power supply modes and different application scenarios of the rail vehicle, improving the safety of the rail vehicle and the applicability of the main circuit.

[0098] Based on the above - mentioned embodiment, this embodiment further includes: when the rail vehicle is in the overhaul and maintenance state, rotate the three - position switch to the grounding position.

[0099] When the rail vehicle needs to be overhauled and maintained in the depot, rotating the three - position switch to the grounding position can release the residual current and voltage of the rail vehicle to the ground, and prevent the staff from accidentally closing the power battery contactor operation, resulting in the power battery supplying power externally, thus ensuring the safety of the overhaul and maintenance personnel.

[0100] Based on the above - mentioned embodiment, this embodiment further includes:

[0101] When the rail vehicle is in the commissioning state, rotate the three - position switch to the opening position, connect the opening position to the external depot - use socket of the high - voltage box, insert the depot - use plug into the external depot - use socket to supply power to the rail vehicle.

[0102] When the rail vehicle needs high - voltage power supply for commissioning, rotate the three - position switch to the opening position. The opening position is connected to the depot - use socket. Insert the workshop depot - use plug into the depot - use socket to supply power to the rail vehicle, improving the applicability of the main circuit.

[0103] Based on the above - mentioned embodiment, this embodiment further includes:

[0104] When there is a power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, supply power to the auxiliary inverter unit through the power supply line;

[0105] When an auxiliary inverter unit is connected to the main circuit of a rail vehicle, if there is a power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, then under traction conditions, the power supply line supplies power to the traction converter unit, the air conditioning system, and the auxiliary inverter unit; under braking conditions, the regenerative energy flow of the traction converter unit supplies power to the air conditioning system and the auxiliary inverter unit.

[0106] In the case where there is no power supply line in the current operating section, the power battery supplies power to the auxiliary inverter unit.

[0107] If there is no power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, then under traction conditions, the power battery supplies power to the traction converter unit, the air conditioning system, and the auxiliary inverter unit; under braking conditions, the regenerative energy flow of the traction converter unit supplies power to the air conditioning system and the auxiliary inverter unit.

[0108] In this embodiment, by connecting an auxiliary inverter unit to the main circuit, power is supplied to multiple electrical loads; at the same time, under braking conditions, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit is recovered and reused, avoiding being absorbed and wasted by the braking resistor.

[0109] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the step of supplying power to the traction converter unit and the air conditioning system through the power supply line includes:

[0110] When the rail vehicle is under traction conditions, the current of the power supply line flows through the high-speed circuit breaker to the high-voltage busbar, and the traction converter unit and the air conditioning system obtain electrical energy through the high-voltage busbar.

[0111] When the rail vehicle is under traction conditions, the train runs normally.

[0112] When there is a power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, under traction conditions, the current direction is from the power supply line through the high-speed circuit breaker to the high-voltage busbar, and then from the high-voltage busbar to the traction converter unit and the air conditioning system. The traction converter unit, the air conditioning system, and the auxiliary inverter unit all obtain electrical energy through the power supply line.

[0113] When the rail vehicle is under braking conditions, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit flows through the high-voltage busbar and is then fed back into the power supply line to supply power to the air conditioning system.

[0114] The rail vehicle brakes when stopping or in an emergency. When there is a power supply line in the current operating section of the rail vehicle, under braking conditions, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit flows through the high-voltage busbar and is then fed back into the power supply line to supply power to the air conditioning system and the auxiliary inverter unit.

[0115] In this embodiment, different power supply methods are adopted to supply power to the main circuit of the rail vehicle under traction conditions and braking conditions. Under traction conditions, power is supplied by a power source; under braking conditions, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit is recovered and reused, avoiding being absorbed and wasted by the braking resistor, and improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0116] Based on the above embodiments, the step of supplying power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system by the power battery in this embodiment includes:

[0117] When the rail vehicle is in the traction condition, the current of the power battery flows to the high-voltage busbar, and the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system obtain electrical energy through the high-voltage busbar.

[0118] When the rail vehicle is in the traction condition, the train runs normally.

[0119] When there is no power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle, under traction conditions, the current direction is from the power battery through the contactor to the high-voltage busbar, and then from the high-voltage busbar to the traction converter unit, the air-conditioning system and the auxiliary inverter unit. The traction converter unit, the air-conditioning system and the auxiliary inverter unit all obtain electrical energy through the power battery.

[0120] When the rail vehicle is in the braking condition, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit flows through the high-voltage busbar and is then fed back into the power battery to supply power to the air-conditioning system.

[0121] The rail vehicle brakes when stopping or in an emergency. When there is no power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle, under braking conditions, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit flows through the high-voltage busbar and is then fed back into the power battery to supply power to the air-conditioning system and the auxiliary inverter unit.

[0122] In this embodiment, different power supply methods are adopted to supply power to the main circuit of the rail vehicle under traction conditions and braking conditions. Under traction conditions, power is supplied by a power source; under braking conditions, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit is recovered and reused, avoiding being absorbed and wasted by the braking resistor, and improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0123] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main circuit system of an orbital vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising: A current collector device, the input end of which is used to connect to the power supply line of the rail vehicle; A high-voltage box, which includes a high-speed circuit breaker and a high-voltage busbar; One end of the high-speed circuit breaker is connected to the output end of the current collector device, and the other end of the high-speed circuit breaker is connected to the high-voltage busbar; A power battery, the output end of which is connected to the high-voltage busbar. The power battery includes a contactor for power supply control of the power battery; An air-conditioning system, the input end of which is connected to the high-voltage busbar; A traction converter unit, the input end of which is connected to the high-voltage busbar, and the output end of which is used to connect to the input end of the traction motor of the rail vehicle. The traction converter unit is used to convert the current received from the high-voltage busbar; The high-voltage box further includes a three-position switch; The lower port of the three-position switch is connected to one end of the high-speed circuit breaker; The closing position of the three-position switch is connected to the output end of the current collector device; The opening position of the three-position switch is used to connect to the external depot-use socket of the high-voltage box; The grounding position of the three-position switch is used for grounding; When there is a power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle, the high-speed circuit breaker is closed, and the contactor of the power battery is disconnected, and the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system are powered by the power supply line; When there is no power supply line in the current running section, the high-speed circuit breaker is disconnected, and the contactor of the power battery is closed, and the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system are powered by the power battery.

2. The main circuit system of the rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes an auxiliary inverter unit; The input end of the auxiliary inverter unit is connected to the high-voltage busbar, and the output end of the auxiliary inverter unit is used to connect to multiple electrical loads of the rail vehicle.

3. A main circuit power supply method for an orbital vehicle, characterized in that, The main circuit system applied to the rail vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: When there is a power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle, close the high-speed circuit breaker, disconnect the contactor of the power battery, and power the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power supply line; When there is no power supply line in the current running section, disconnect the high-speed circuit breaker, close the contactor of the power battery, and power the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power battery.

4. The main circuit power supply method for a rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, It further includes: When there is a power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle, rotate the three-position switch to the closing position; When there is no power supply line in the current running section, rotate the three-position switch to the opening position.

5. The main circuit power supply method for a rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that It further includes: When the rail vehicle is in the overhaul and maintenance state, rotate the three-position switch to the grounding position.

6. The main circuit power supply method for a rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, It further includes: When the rail vehicle is in the debugging state, rotate the three-position switch to the opening position, connect the opening position to the external depot-use socket of the high-voltage box, insert the depot-use plug into the external depot-use socket, and power the rail vehicle.

7. The main circuit power supply method for a rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, It further includes: When there is a power supply line in the current running section of the rail vehicle, power the auxiliary inverter unit through the power supply line; When there is no power supply line in the current operating section, the power battery supplies power to the auxiliary inverter unit.

8. The main circuit power supply method for an orbital vehicle according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The step of supplying power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power supply line includes: When the rail vehicle is in the traction mode, the current of the power supply line flows through the high-speed circuit breaker to the high-voltage busbar, and the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system obtain electric energy through the high-voltage busbar; When the rail vehicle is in the braking mode, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit flows through the high-voltage busbar and is then fed back into the power supply line to supply power to the air-conditioning system.

9. The main circuit power supply method for an orbital vehicle according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The step of supplying power to the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system through the power battery includes: When the rail vehicle is in the traction mode, the current of the power battery flows to the high-voltage busbar, and the traction converter unit and the air-conditioning system obtain electric energy through the high-voltage busbar; When the rail vehicle is in the braking mode, the regenerative energy of the traction converter unit flows through the high-voltage busbar and is then fed back into the power battery to supply power to the air-conditioning system.

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