A geological information detection method and related equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a geological information detection method and related equipment. The method includes: using a transport unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to drop a plurality of target geophones into a target detection area; obtaining the actual positions of the above-mentioned target geophones through a relay UAV and constructing a target detection network; using the above-mentioned transport UAV to drop an air blast source at a target excitation point so that the above-mentioned target geophones obtain seismic detection waves, wherein the above-mentioned seismic detection waves are excited by the above-mentioned air blast source in the above-mentioned target area; based on the above-mentioned relay UAV, sending the above-mentioned seismic detection waves to a target detection device to obtain the geological information of the above-mentioned target detection area. This method can overcome the limitations of complex terrain and harsh environment, and can obtain the geological information of the target detection area in a remotely controlled manner. This method is simple, fast and has a low detection cost, and can be applied to the geological information detection work in complex environments, and has high engineering implementation value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the field of geological exploration. More specifically, the present invention relates to a geological information detection method and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the economic and social development in the areas surrounding the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, there are more and more alpine and deep-buried tunnel projects in this region. The area above the engineering axis is mostly covered by glaciers, with scarce vegetation and complex terrain. It is difficult for personnel and equipment to approach, and existing exploration methods are difficult to implement. In particular, geophysical exploration techniques cannot be applied, seriously restricting the progress of the project and the accuracy of the preliminary budget. Summary of the Invention

[0003] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the Summary of the Invention section, which will be further elaborated in the Detailed Description section. The Summary of the Invention section of the present invention does not mean to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor does it mean to attempt to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0004] In order to propose a convenient and effective geological detection method, the present invention proposes a geological information detection method, which includes:

[0005] Using a transport drone to drop a plurality of target geophones into the target detection area;

[0006] Obtaining the actual positions of the above target geophones through a relay drone and constructing a target detection network;

[0007] Using the above transport drone to drop an air blast source at the target excitation point so that the above target geophones obtain seismic detection waves, wherein the above seismic detection waves are excited by the above air blast source in the above target area;

[0008] Based on the above relay drone, sending the above seismic detection waves to a target detection device to obtain the geological information of the above target detection area.

[0009] Optionally, the above method further includes:

[0010] Obtaining the geotechnical sample information of the above target detection area;

[0011] Determining the first theoretical spacing of the above target geophones according to the above geotechnical sample information;

[0012] The above using a transport drone to drop a plurality of target geophones into the target detection area includes:

[0013] Based on the above first theoretical spacing, using a transport drone to drop a plurality of target geophones into the target detection area.

[0014] Optionally, the above method further includes:

[0015] Obtaining the terrain information of the above target detection area;

[0016] Determining the second theoretical spacing of the above target geophones according to the above terrain information;

[0017] The above-mentioned use of a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area includes:

[0018] Based on the above second theoretical spacing, using a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area.

[0019] Optionally, the above second theoretical spacing is greater than or equal to 20 meters and less than or equal to 100 meters.

[0020] Optionally, the above-mentioned obtaining the actual positions of the above target geophones by a relay drone and constructing a target detection network;

[0021] Using the above relay drone to send detection signals to each of the above target geophones so that each of the above target geophones generates a feedback signal;

[0022] The above relay drone determines the actual positions of each of the above target geophones based on the above feedback signals;

[0023] Construct a target detection network based on the actual positions of all target geophones.

[0024] Optionally, the above method further includes:

[0025] Detecting the grounding information of each of the above target geophones;

[0026] Determining the target geophones with the grounding information in the ungrounded state as invalid geophones.

[0027] Optionally, the above method further includes:

[0028] Determining the above target excitation point based on the above target detection network.

[0029] Optionally, the above-mentioned sending the above seismic detection wave to the target detection device by the above relay drone to obtain the geological information of the above target detection area includes:

[0030] Sending the above seismic detection wave to the target detection device based on the above relay drone;

[0031] The above target detection device uses reflection wave processing software to invert the seismic detection wave, obtains the seismic wave profile of the above target detection area, and combines existing geological data for geological interpretation to obtain the geological information of the above target detection area.

[0032] Optionally, the above method further includes: determining the above target detection area according to remote sensing images, topographic vegetation, regional geological data, and preliminary geological exploration data.

[0033] Optionally, the above target geophone includes a nodal full-angle single-component detector.

[0034] In summary, a geological information detection method proposed in an embodiment of the present application includes: using a transport drone to drop a plurality of target geophones into a target detection area; obtaining the actual positions of the above target geophones through a relay drone and constructing a target detection network; using the above transport drone to drop an air blast source at a target excitation point so that the above target geophones obtain seismic detection waves, where the above seismic detection waves are excited by the above air blast source in the above target area; based on the above relay drone, sending the above seismic detection waves to a target detection device to obtain the geological information of the above target detection area. The geological information measurement method proposed in the present application drops target geophones to a preset location through a transport drone, establishes communication with the target geophones through a relay drone and constructs a target detection network. Under the action of the air blast source dropped by the transport drone, the target geophones send the seismic detection waves collected from the target detection area to the relay drone, and are transmitted by the relay drone to the target detection device on the ground, and the target detection device analyzes and obtains the geological information of the target detection area. This method can overcome the limitations of complex terrain and harsh environment, and can obtain the geological information of the target detection area in a remotely controlled manner. This method is simple, fast and has a low detection cost, and can be applied to geological information detection work in complex environments, with high engineering implementation value.

[0035] For the geological information detection method of the present invention, other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description, and will also be understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] By reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to limit this specification. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a geological information detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a geological information detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3Schematic diagram of another geological information detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of yet another geological information detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The geological information measurement method proposed in the present application drops a target geophone to a preset location through a transport unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), establishes communication with the target geophone through a relay UAV and constructs a target detection network. Under the action of an air blast seismic source dropped by the transport UAV, the target geophone sends the seismic detection waves collected from the target detection area to the relay UAV, and the relay UAV transmits them to a target detection device on the ground. The target detection device analyzes and obtains the geological information of the target detection area. This method can overcome the limitations of complex terrain and harsh environment, and can obtain the geological information of the target detection area in a remotely controlled manner. This method is simple, fast and has a low detection cost, and can be applied to geological information detection work in complex environments, and has high engineering implementation value.

[0042] Terms such as "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily limit to those clearly listed steps or units, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these process, method, product or device. Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a schematic flowchart of a geological information detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application, and specifically may include:

[0044] S110. Use a transport UAV to drop a plurality of target geophones to a target detection area;

[0045] Exemplarily, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, it is a scene of tunneling in a snow mountain environment. Before excavation, it is necessary to measure the geological characteristics in the target detection area, that is, in the snow mountain. However, the traditional method of drilling measurement holes and installing detection sensors cannot meet the working requirements under the snow mountain environment. It is very difficult for personnel to reach the detection location, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of detection and affects the construction progress.

[0046] The method provided by the embodiment of the present application is to drop a plurality of target geophones at preset intervals to the target detection area through a transport drone, as Figure 3 shown. The drone 1 is a transport drone for dropping target geophones. The transport drone itself can be equipped with a mechanical structure capable of grasping the target geophone. After the transport drone reaches the designated position, control its mechanical structure to open, and the target geophone moves downward by gravity and inserts into the rock and soil in the target detection area.

[0047] S120. Obtain the actual positions of the above target geophones through a relay drone and construct a target detection network;

[0048] Exemplarily, as Figure 3 shown, the relay drone is a drone that can communicate with the target geophone and the detection device at the ground end. During the falling process of the target geophone, it may be affected by air currents, resulting in the target geophone not being able to accurately reach its designated location. At this time, if the target position is still used as the actual position of the target geophone, it will cause measurement errors and affect the measurement results. The method proposed by the embodiment of the present application, after dropping the target geophone, communicates with the target geophone through the relay drone to obtain the actual position of the target geophone, and constructs a target detection network according to the actual position of the target geophone.

[0049] S130. Use the above transport drone to drop an air blast source to the target excitation point so that the above target geophone obtains seismic detection waves, wherein the above seismic detection waves are excited by the above air blast source in the above target area;

[0050] Exemplarily, as Figure 3 described, the transport drone drops an air blast source to the target excitation point. The rock and soil in the target area will form seismic detection waves under the excitation of the air blast source. The target geophones distributed at different positions in the target area will receive the seismic detection waves excited by different air blast sources. The seismic detection waves can reflect the geological information of the target detection area after special processing.

[0051] S140. Based on the above relay drone, send the above seismic detection waves to the target detection device to obtain the geological information of the above target detection area.

[0052] Exemplarily, the target detector sends the acquired seismic detection wave to the relay UAV, and the relay UAV transmits the received seismic detection wave to the target measuring device on the ground. The target measuring device processes and analyzes the seismic detection wave, and then the corresponding geological information of the target detection can be obtained.

[0053] In summary, for the geological information measurement method proposed in this application, the transportation UAV is used to drop the target detector to the preset location, and communication is established with the target detector through the relay UAV to construct a target detection network. Under the action of the air blast source dropped by the transportation UAV, the target detector sends the seismic detection wave collected from the target detection area to the relay UAV, and the relay UAV transmits it to the target detection device on the ground. The target detection device analyzes and obtains the geological information of the target detection area. This method can overcome the limitations of complex terrain and harsh environment, and can obtain the geological information of the target detection area in a remotely controlled manner. This method is simple, fast and has a low detection cost, and can be applied to the geological information detection work in complex environments, with high engineering implementation value.

[0054] In some examples, the above method further includes:

[0055] Obtain the geotechnical sample information of the above target detection area;

[0056] Determine the first theoretical spacing of the above target detector according to the above geotechnical sample information;

[0057] The above use of the transportation UAV to drop multiple target detectors to the target detection area includes:

[0058] Based on the above first theoretical spacing, use the transportation UAV to drop multiple target detectors to the target detection area.

[0059] Exemplarily, before using the transportation UAV to drop the target detector, a section of the area that is easy to measure can be selected to obtain the geotechnical sample information of the target detection area, initially obtain the geotechnical characteristics of the target detection area, and estimate the theoretical spacing of the target detector based on the pre-acquired geotechnical characteristics to obtain the first theoretical detection spacing, and control the transportation UAV to drop the target detector to the target detection area according to the first theoretical spacing.

[0060] In summary, for the geotechnical information measurement method proposed in the embodiment of this application, before using the transportation UAV to drop the target detector, according to the pre-acquired geotechnical sample information, estimate the first theoretical spacing of the target detector, which can avoid the reduction of the measurement result accuracy due to too sparse dropping distance and avoid the cost waste caused by too dense dropping distance.

[0061] In some examples, the above method further includes:

[0062] Obtain the terrain information of the above-mentioned target detection area;

[0063] Determine the second theoretical spacing of the above-mentioned target geophones according to the above terrain information;

[0064] The above use of a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area includes:

[0065] Based on the above second theoretical spacing, use a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area.

[0066] Exemplarily, the terrain information of different target detection areas will also affect the detection results. If the terrain is relatively steep, it is necessary to reduce the distance between the target geophones to fully characterize the characteristics in the direction of geological thickness. If the terrain is relatively flat, the distance between the target geophones can be appropriately increased to reduce the number of target geophones dropped.

[0067] In summary, for the rock and soil information measurement method proposed in the embodiments of the present application, before using a transport drone to drop target geophones, according to the pre-known terrain information, estimate the second theoretical spacing of the target geophones, which can avoid the measurement result accuracy from being reduced due to too sparse dropping distance and avoid cost waste caused by too dense dropping distance.

[0068] In some examples, the above second theoretical spacing is greater than or equal to 20 meters and less than or equal to 100 meters.

[0069] Exemplarily, considering that large accumulation layer landslides, rock landslides, broken rock landslides, hard rock toppling collapses, sliding collapses, rainstorm-induced debris flows, glacial lake outburst debris flows, collapses, debris flows and thermokarst slides and other geological disasters are prone to occur in alpine regions. Combining measurement experience, it is more suitable to control the spacing between geophones within 20 meters to 100 meters.

[0070] In some examples, the above use a relay drone to obtain the actual positions of the above target geophones and construct a target detection network;

[0071] Use the above relay drone to send detection signals to each of the above target geophones so that each of the above target geophones generates a feedback signal;

[0072] The above relay drone determines the actual position of each of the above target geophones based on the above feedback signal;

[0073] Construct a target detection network based on the actual positions of all target geophones.

[0074] Exemplarily, in the process of constructing a target detection network using relay drones, the relay drones send detection signals. After receiving the detection signals, the target detectors generate feedback signals, which include the actual position information of the target detectors. The actual position information includes longitude and latitude information and altitude information. The relay drones construct a target detection network based on the actual positions feedback by each target detector.

[0075] In some examples, the above method further includes:

[0076] Detecting the grounding information of each of the above target detectors;

[0077] Determining the target detectors with ungrounded grounding information as invalid detectors.

[0078] Exemplarily, after the transport drone drops the target detector, a communication connection can be established between the relay drone and the target drone to obtain the grounding information of the target detector. The target detector is provided with a grounding detection device. In the state of good contact with the ground, it feeds back the information of good grounding. If the target detector is not grounded or has poor grounding, it feeds back the information of ungrounded. The target detector corresponding to the ungrounded information is determined as an invalid detector, and the measurement result thereof is not used to determine the geological information.

[0079] In summary, the geological information measurement method proposed in this embodiment detects the grounding information of the target detector, and removes the signals received by the target detector with poor grounding, so as to avoid the influence of invalid seismic detection waves on the measurement result of geological information.

[0080] In some examples, the above method further includes:

[0081] Determining the above target excitation points based on the above target detection network.

[0082] Exemplarily, after constructing the target detection network, a reasonable target excitation point is determined according to the actual distance between the target detectors, the number of target detectors per unit distance, and the power of the air blast source.

[0083] In some examples, the above-mentioned sending the above seismic detection wave to the target detection device by the above relay drone to obtain the geological information of the above target detection area includes:

[0084] Sending the above seismic detection wave to the target detection device based on the above relay drone;

[0085] The above target detection device uses reflection wave processing software to invert the seismic detection wave, obtains the seismic wave profile of the above target detection area, and combines the existing geological data for geological interpretation to obtain the geological information of the above target detection area.

[0086] Exemplarily, the relay UAV sends the seismic detection waves collected by the target geophone to the target detection device. The target detection device performs calculation and inversion based on the seismic detection waves collected by different target geophones, and combines the geological data obtained from seismic exploration for geological interpretation to obtain the geological information of the target detection area, which is used as the guiding data for tunnel excavation.

[0087] In some examples, the above method further includes: determining the above target detection area according to remote sensing images, terrain vegetation, regional geological data and preliminary geological exploration data.

[0088] Exemplarily, according to remote sensing images, terrain vegetation, regional geological data and preliminary geological exploration data, the preliminary geological characteristics of the current area can be well estimated, and it is possible to preliminarily judge whether geological disasters may occur in this area and preliminarily judge the stability of the geology. If after preliminary analysis, the geology of this part is relatively stable, it will not be detected. If the risk degree of geological disasters is relatively high, this area will be used as the target detection area, and the method introduced in the above embodiments will be used to measure the geological information of it.

[0089] Remote sensing geological information refers to various geological information related to mineralization obtained by remotely detecting geological bodies from satellites or airplanes using remote sensing instruments without directly contacting the geological bodies. It mainly includes information reflecting the spatial form and distribution characteristics of geological bodies, spectral characteristic information of geological bodies in different bands of electromagnetic waves, and information on the change of the reflection or radiation ability of geological bodies to electromagnetic waves over time, etc. The growth situation of vegetation can also indirectly characterize geological characteristics, and different vegetation has different adaptabilities to different rock and soil conditions.

[0090] In summary, the geological information detection method provided by the embodiments of the present application can preliminarily determine the target detection area through remote sensing images, terrain vegetation, regional geological data and preliminary geological exploration data, which can reduce the area of the target detection area and save the detection cost.

[0091] In some examples, the above target geophone includes a nodal full-angle single-component detector.

[0092] Exemplarily, each nodal full-angle single-component detector is equipped with a GPS itself. Multiple nodal full-angle single-component detectors can continuously collect seismic data and incorporate more accurate time and position information, which is beneficial for later data separation, and a wireless communication technology is adopted to establish a good connection with the relay UAV.

[0093] In some examples, the designed length of the physical detection line in the target detection area is 2 km, which is the slope distance, not the horizontal distance. The spacing between the target geophones is 50 m, and a total of 40 are set; the spacing between the air blast sources is 350 m, and there are at least 6 source excitation points. The detection depth can reach 1000 m, and the spatial resolution is about 50 m.

[0094] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A geological information detection method, characterized in that, it includes: Using a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area; Obtaining the actual positions of the target geophones through a relay drone and constructing a target detection network; Using the transport drone to drop an air blast source at the target excitation point so that the target geophones obtain seismic detection waves, where the seismic detection waves are excited by the air blast source in the target detection area; Based on the relay drone, sending the seismic detection waves to a target detection device to obtain the geological information of the target detection area; The obtaining the actual positions of the target geophones through a relay drone and constructing a target detection network; Using the relay drone to send detection signals to each of the target geophones so that each of the target geophones generates a feedback signal; The relay drone determining the actual position of each of the target geophones based on the feedback signal; Constructing a target detection network based on the actual positions of all the target geophones; The based on the relay drone sending the seismic detection waves to a target detection device to obtain the geological information of the target detection area includes: Based on the relay drone, sending the seismic detection waves to a target detection device; The target detection device uses reflection wave processing software to invert the seismic detection waves, obtains the seismic wave profile of the target detection area, and combines existing geological data for geological interpretation to obtain the geological information of the target detection area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, it further includes: Obtaining the geotechnical sample information of the target detection area; Determining the first theoretical spacing of the target geophones according to the geotechnical sample information; The using a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area includes: Based on the first theoretical spacing, using a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, it further includes: Obtaining the topographic information of the target detection area; Determining the second theoretical spacing of the target geophones according to the topographic information; The using a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area includes: Based on the second theoretical spacing, using a transport drone to drop multiple target geophones into the target detection area.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the second theoretical spacing is greater than or equal to 20 meters and less than or equal to 100 meters.

5. The method according to claim 1, also includes: Detecting the grounding information of each of the target geophones; Determining the target geophones with ungrounded grounding information as invalid geophones.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, it further includes: Determining the target excitation point based on the target detection network.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, it further includes: Determining the target detection area according to remote sensing images, topographic vegetation, regional geological data and previous geological exploration data.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the target geophone includes a nodal full-angle single-component detector.

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