A visual test bench and test method for proportionally enlarging the movement of carbon deposits in DPF channels
By amplifying the visual experimental bench of the carbon deposit layer motion in the DPF channel in equal proportion, the motion trajectory and distribution characteristics of the carbon deposit layer are studied, and the engine performance degradation caused by the blockage of the carbon deposit layer in DPF is solved, and targeted catalyst coating and Regeneration control strategy reduces fuel consumption and exhaust backpressure.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210967082.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The blockage of the carbon deposit layer in the diesel engine particle trap (DPF) leads to a decrease in engine power performance and fuel economy loss. Due to the small DPF channel, the movement of the internal carbon deposit layer is difficult to observe, making it difficult for research to control.
A visual experimental table for the movement of carbon deposited layer in the DPF channel is designed to simulate the internal environment of the DPF through DC fans, micro cameras, gas pressure differential testers and other equipment, and observe and record the movement trajectory and distribution characteristics of the carbon deposited layer. , explore the location, length and density of blocked segments, and provide catalyst coating and regeneration control strategies.
The problem of carbon deposit layer blockage has been effectively studied and solved, reducing engine fuel consumption and exhaust back pressure, and improving the capture and regeneration efficiency of DPF.
Smart Images
Figure CN115356077B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of engine exhaust purification, and in particular to a visual test bench and a test method for proportionally enlarging the movement of a carbon deposit layer in a DPF pore. Background Art
[0002] Diesel particulate filter (DPF) is the main technical means to control engine particulate emissions, and can capture more than 95% of particulate matter in engine exhaust. In the narrow and long channels of DPF, particulate matter is deposited on the porous medium wall due to drag, gravity and Brownian force, and as the capture process goes on, a carbon layer (soot cake) of various thicknesses and shapes is formed, which can easily block the DPF channels, causing a sharp increase in DPF back pressure, further reducing the engine's power performance and fuel economy.
[0003] Due to the influence of the high temperature of the exhaust flow inside the DPF, it is difficult to control the timing of the formation of a soot layer (soot cake) in the pores. The DPF particle capture process can be divided into a deep bed period, a transition period, and a soot layer period. The particles in the exhaust flow are affected by drag, gravity, and Brownian force, forming soot layers of varying thickness and shape during the soot layer period. In the narrow and long pores of the DPF, the deposited soot layer will move due to the influence of regeneration and exhaust flow, which can easily cause blockage in the front and middle sections of the pores, greatly reducing the remaining part of the channel where the exhaust gas flows into, resulting in a significant increase in the pressure drop of the entire post-treatment system, resulting in a loss of fuel economy for the engine, and reducing the effective storage capacity of soot over time. In addition, the deposition and distribution of the soot layer on the pore wall directly affect the capture and regeneration efficiency of the DPF. In addition, due to the small and narrow pores of the DPF, the movement of the soot layer inside is difficult to observe. Therefore, most researchers at home and abroad have resorted to the second best method, cutting some DPF samples and using microscopes and other equipment to observe the soot deposition process in the pores; some researchers have only analyzed the structure and thickness of the carbon deposit layer. Based on the above characteristics, it is extremely important to study the movement process and distribution characteristics of the carbon deposit layer in the pores. Summary of the invention
[0004] In response to the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a proportionally enlarged visualization test bench and test method for the movement of the carbon deposit layer in the DPF pores. By exploring the movement trajectory and distribution characteristics of the carbon deposit layers of different thicknesses, surface areas, and distribution forms in the pores, the process of the carbon deposit layer blocking the pores is studied, and key factors such as the position of the blocked section, the length of the blocked section, and the density of the blocked section are found. With the help of the present invention, the key problem of the carbon deposit layer blocking the pores can be found, which will provide direct technical support for preventing the premature failure of the DPF and reducing the increase in engine fuel consumption caused by the increase in exhaust back pressure.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: comprising a DC fan controller 1, a DC fan 2, an air intake pressure stabilizing box 3, a constricted pipe 4, a mass flow meter 5, a DPF equal-proportional enlarged model 6, a carbon deposit layer enlarged model 22, a miniature camera 7, a gas pressure difference tester 8, a terminal control computer 9, and a camera 10; wherein the DC fan controller 1 controls the air flow speed of the DC fan 2, the air outlet of the DC fan 2, the air intake pressure stabilizing box 3, the constricted pipe 4, the mass flow meter 5, and the DPF equal-proportional enlarged model 6 are connected in series in sequence, and the DPF The DPF housing 11 of the proportionally enlarged model 6 is made of transparent material, a series of miniature cameras 7 are arranged at equal intervals on the top of the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6, the outlet end plug of the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6 is made of transparent material, and a camera 10 is arranged on the outside thereof, and the outlet end of the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6 is connected to the detection port of the gas differential pressure tester 8, and the terminal control computer 9 receives data from the mass flow meter 5, the miniature camera 7, the camera 10 and the gas differential pressure tester 8 and controls them according to the signals, and displays the measurement data and image information at the same time.
[0006] Preferably, the internal space of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6 is divided into multiple DPF exhaust channels 21 by arranging porous medium walls 12 horizontally and vertically, and DPF transparent plugs 13 are alternately arranged at the front and rear ends of each DPF exhaust channel 21. The DPF exhaust channel 21 on the upper right side of the front end of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6 is a carbon deposition layer layout channel 16, and a DPF transparent upper cover plate 14 is arranged on the top surface of the carbon deposition layer layout channel 16. DPF wall micropores 15 are evenly opened on the DPF transparent upper cover plate 14, and the porosity of the DPF wall micropores 15 is consistent with that of the porous medium wall 12. The micro cameras 7 are arranged above the DPF transparent upper cover plate 14 at equal intervals according to the length of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6.
[0007] Preferably, the DPF housing 11 , the DPF transparent plug 13 and the DPF transparent upper cover 14 are all made of a highly light-transmitting and low-reflective material.
[0008] Preferably, the porous medium wall 12 is made of silicon carbide or cordierite, or a material that can maintain the same permeability after being proportionally enlarged.
[0009] Preferably, according to the length of the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6, a series of miniature cameras 7 are mounted on the inner wall of the DPF housing 11 in a straight line and at equal distances, ensuring that the interior of the channel can be photographed without blind spots.
[0010] Preferably, the miniature camera 7 is a miniature camera with a fill light, and the camera 10 is a high-resolution camera.
[0011] Preferably, an air filter 17 is further provided between the DC fan 2 and the air intake pressure stabilizing box 3 .
[0012] Preferably, a laminar flow rectifier 18 is also provided at the front end of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6 .
[0013] Preferably, a rear fairing 19 is provided on the outlet end of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6 , and a back-pressure regulating valve 20 is provided at the rear end of the rear fairing 19 .
[0014] As a preferred embodiment, S1, the components and the airflow duct are connected and assembled, and the carbon deposition layer arrangement channel 16 in the DPF proportional enlarged model 6 is the formation area of the carbon deposition layer enlarged model 22 to be observed;
[0015] S2, triggering the DC fan controller 1 to control the DC fan 2 to maintain a specific constant speed through the terminal control computer 9. The continuous operation time of the DC fan 2 and the air flow speed can be set according to the test requirements;
[0016] S3, after the airflow of the DC fan 2 enters the air intake pressure regulating box 3, it flows into the DPF proportional amplification model through the mass flow meter 5. The terminal control computer 9 receives the signal of the mass flow meter 5 in real time and verifies it with the set value in real time. If the error is within 3%, it is determined that the DC fan is operating normally;
[0017] S4, as the carbon deposit layer enlarged model 22 is formed in the carbon deposit layer layout channel 16, the terminal control computer 9 controls the micro camera 7 and the camera 10 to continuously shoot and record, and at the same time receives the real-time image of the movement of the carbon deposit layer enlarged model 22 in the DPF proportional enlarged model 6, and saves the images taken by the micro camera 7 and the camera 10;
[0018] S5. The terminal control computer 9 triggers the DC fan controller 1 to stop the operation of the DC fan 2, and the experiment ends. The terminal control computer 9 receives the signal of the gas pressure difference tester 8 in real time, and performs early warning monitoring on the pressure at the same time. When the set threshold is exceeded, the control triggers the DC fan controller 1 to stop the operation of the DC fan 2 until the alarm is lifted.
[0019] Preferably, the carbon deposit layer enlarged model 22 is a model that approximates the actual shape of the carbon deposit layer by fitting the outer contour of the carbon deposit layer to a variety of basic shapes including triangles, squares, circles, and rectangles; for different groups of tests, the variable control method is used to set the shape, surface area, thickness, density of the carbon deposit layer and the distribution form of the carbon deposit layer in the pores one by one, and the blockage of the pores is determined according to the distribution position of the carbon deposit layer enlarged model 22.
[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:
[0021] The present invention can study the movement trajectory and distribution characteristics of carbon deposit layers of different thicknesses, different surface areas, and different distribution forms in the pores, explore factors such as the blockage section position, blockage section length, and blockage section density of the carbon deposit layer in the pores, and then take specific catalyst coating measures inside the pores in a targeted manner, or adopt different DPF regeneration control strategies to solve the pore blockage problem, and further reduce the problems of increased engine fuel consumption and decreased power caused by increased carrier back pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working system of the test bench of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the inlet end of the DPF isometric enlarged model of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the outlet end of the DPF equal-scale enlarged model of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a DPF isometric enlarged model of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the carbon deposition layer morphology and fitting primitives of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of carbon deposition layer elements of different shapes according to the present invention;
[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a combination of carbon deposition layer elements of different surface areas according to the present invention;
[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of carbon deposition layer elements of different thicknesses according to the present invention;
[0030] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the combination of carbon deposition layer elements in different distribution forms of the present invention;
[0031] The numbers in the figure are: DC fan controller 1; DC fan 2; air intake pressure stabilizing box 3; reduction pipe 4; mass flow meter 5; DPF proportional enlarged model 6; micro camera 7; gas pressure difference tester 8; terminal control computer 9; camera 10; DPF housing 11; porous medium wall 12; DPF transparent plug 13; DPF transparent upper cover 14; DPF wall micropores 15; carbon deposition layer layout channel 16; air filter 17; laminar rectifier 18; rear fairing 19; back pressure regulating valve 20; DPF exhaust channel 21; carbon deposition layer enlarged model 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clear, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by technicians.
[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The visual experiment platform and the experimental method for proportionally enlarging the movement of carbon deposits in DPF channels include a DC fan controller 1, a DC fan 2, an air intake pressure regulating box 3, a constricted pipe 4, a mass flow meter 5, a DPF proportionally enlarged model 6, a micro camera 7, a gas differential pressure tester 8, a terminal control computer 9, and a camera 10; wherein the DC fan controller 1 controls the air flow velocity of the DC fan 2, the air outlet of the DC fan 2, the air intake pressure regulating box 3, the constricted pipe 4, the mass flow meter 5, and the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6 are connected in series in sequence, the DPF housing 11 of the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6 is made of transparent material, a series of micro cameras 7 are arranged at equal intervals on the top of the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6, a camera 10 is arranged on the outer side of the outlet end of the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6, the outlet end of the DPF proportionally enlarged model 6 is connected to the detection port of the gas differential pressure tester 8, and the terminal control computer 9 receives the data of the mass flow meter 5, the micro camera 7, the camera 10 and the gas differential pressure tester 8 and displays them. Among them, the DC fan 2 is used to simulate the introduction of engine exhaust gas, and the intake pressure stabilizing box 3 is used to slow down or eliminate the air flow fluctuations from the DC fan, so as to ensure the stability of the supply air pressure. The constricted pipe 4 is used to perform secondary acceleration on the air flow in the intake pressure stabilizing box, and the mass flow meter 5 is used to measure the gas flow entering the front end of the DPF proportional enlargement model. The gas differential pressure tester 8 is used to detect the difference in wind pressure changes inside the DPF proportional enlargement model 6, which is easy to monitor the pressure drop inside the DPF proportional enlargement model 6 in real time. At the same time, when the wind pressure is detected to be greater than the set threshold due to blockage in the pipeline, the gas differential pressure tester 8 feeds back a signal to the terminal control computer 9, and the terminal control computer 9 controls the DC fan controller 1 to issue an action command to stop the operation of the DC fan 2 to ensure the safe operation of the test bench. The carbon deposit layer magnification model 22 is a model that fits the real carbon deposit layer into a variety of basic shapes including triangles, squares, circles, and rectangles; for different groups of tests, the variable control method is used to analyze the shape, surface area, thickness, density, and distribution of the carbon deposit layer in the pores one by one. After the carbon deposit layer moves with the airflow in the pores, the distribution of pore blockage is found. The micro camera 7 and the camera 10 are used to visualize the movement of the carbon deposit layer on the DPF proportional magnification model 6, that is, the shape, surface area, thickness, density, and movement of the carbon deposit layer to meet the test requirements.
[0034] And in this embodiment, the model parameters of the original DPF size and the DPF proportionally enlarged 10 times are as follows:
[0035] Table 1 Parameters of DPF pore model and carbon deposition layer model
[0036]
[0037] After the DPF and the carbon deposit layer are enlarged 10 times in proportion, the flow similarity conditions must be followed, including geometric similarity, motion similarity, and dynamic similarity.
[0038] Further preferably, the DPF proportional enlarged model 6 is divided into a plurality of DPF exhaust channels 21 by arranging porous medium walls 12 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and DPF transparent plugs 13 are alternately arranged at the front and rear ends of each DPF exhaust channel 21. In this example, the DPF exhaust channel 21 on the upper right side of the front end of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6 is a carbon deposition layer layout channel 16, which is open at the front end and DPF transparent plugs 13 are arranged at the rear end. Other DPF exhaust channels 21 are also provided with DPF transparent plugs 13 at one end and open at the other end, so that the exhaust gas can continuously change direction and flow in the internal space of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6, and the particles in the exhaust gas can be fully intercepted and accumulated by the porous medium walls 12 to form a carbon deposition layer enlarged model 22. At the same time, the camera 10 in this example is arranged directly opposite to the carbon deposition layer layout channel 16, so as to facilitate the amplification of the soot accumulation and soot layer movement that are originally difficult to observe, and facilitate the use of cameras for intuitive observation and research, providing strong support for the research and innovation of engine exhaust gas. Preferably, the porous medium wall 12 in this example is made of silicon carbide or cordierite, or a material that maintains the same permeability after being enlarged in equal proportion. In order to facilitate the camera to collect the image of the carbon deposit layer in the carbon deposit layer layout channel 16, the DPF housing 11, the DPF transparent plug 13, and the DPF transparent upper cover plate 14 are all made of high light transmittance and low reflection materials. The DPF transparent upper cover plate 14 is evenly provided with DPF wall micropores 15. The porosity of the DPF wall micropores 15 is consistent with that of the porous medium wall 12, so that it can flow gas together with the porous medium wall 12 without interfering with the normal flow and sedimentation of the gas. The micro camera 7 is arranged above the DPF transparent upper cover plate 14, and can clearly obtain the image of the carbon deposit layer in the carbon deposit layer layout channel 16. In this example, the micro camera 7 is a camera group arranged in a straight line and at equal distances. The camera is mounted on the inner wall of the DPF housing 11, and the length of the arrangement is the distance from the entrance to the exit of the DPF housing 11. It can linearly observe the change of carbon deposition on the porous medium wall 12 from the entrance to the exit, which is convenient for exploring the movement trajectory, time and other characteristics of the carbon deposition layer in the pores. In addition, the micro camera 7 is a micro camera with fill light, and the camera 10 is a high-resolution camera, which is convenient for clearly capturing the image of the carbon deposition layer magnified model 22, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the experiment.
[0039] Furthermore, an air filter 17 is provided between the DC fan 2 and the air intake pressure stabilizing box 3. A coarse filter mesh filtering structure is selected inside the air filter 17 to mainly filter out large particles of debris and eliminate the influence of unnecessary factors other than the test on the movement process of the carbon deposition layer.
[0040] Furthermore, a laminar flow rectifier 18 is also provided at the front end of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6, and the interior is a grid-shaped or circular hole-shaped air flow channel, which can evenly distribute the gas into the DPF proportional enlarged model 6, thereby improving the effect and accuracy of particle deposition in the test.
[0041] Further, a rear fairing 19 is provided on the outlet end of the DPF proportional enlarged model 6, and a back pressure regulating valve 20 is provided at the rear end of the rear fairing 19. The rear fairing 19 can collect the remaining exhaust gas discharged by the DPF proportional enlarged model 6, and discharge it through the back pressure regulating valve 20 for collection and treatment.
[0042] The above test bench adopts the following test steps:
[0043] S1. Complete the assembly of various components and airflow ducts.
[0044] S2, triggering the DC fan controller 1 to control the DC fan 2 to maintain a specific constant speed through the terminal control computer 9. The continuous operation time of the DC fan 2 and the air flow speed can be set according to the test requirements;
[0045] S3. After the airflow of the DC fan 2 enters the air intake pressure regulating box 3, it flows into the DPF proportional amplification model through the mass flow meter 5. The terminal control computer 9 receives the signal of the mass flow meter 5 in real time and calibrates it with the set value in real time. If the error is within 3%, it is determined that the DC fan is operating normally.
[0046] S4. As the carbon deposit layer enlarged model 22 is formed in the carbon deposit layer layout channel 16, the terminal control computer 9 controls the micro camera 7 and the camera 10 to continuously shoot and record, while receiving the real-time image of the movement of the carbon deposit layer enlarged model 22 in the DPF proportional enlarged model 6, and saving the images taken by the micro camera 7 and the camera 10.
[0047] S5. The terminal control computer 9 triggers the DC fan controller 1 to stop the operation of the DC fan 2, and the experiment ends. The terminal control computer 9 receives the signal of the gas pressure difference tester 8 in real time, and performs early warning monitoring on the pressure at the same time. When the set threshold is exceeded, the control triggers the DC fan controller 1 to stop the operation of the DC fan 2 until the alarm is lifted.
[0048] Furthermore, the carbon deposit layer enlarged model 22 is a model that approximates the outer contour of the real carbon deposit layer by fitting it into a variety of basic shapes including triangles, squares, circles, rectangles, etc.; for different groups of experiments, the variable control method is used to set the shape, surface area, thickness, density of the carbon deposit layer and the distribution form of the carbon deposit layer in the pores one by one.
[0049] The carbon deposit layer magnification model 22 is magnified in the same manner according to the actual carbon deposit layer morphology, and the carbon deposit layer is arranged in the following positions in the pores:
[0050] 1) According to the actual carbon deposition layer morphology, the carbon deposition layer primitives are fitted into different shapes, such as square, circle, triangle, rectangle or mixed shapes. Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.
[0051] 2) Combination of carbon deposit layer elements of different sizes, the outer size of the carbon deposit layer ranges from 0.5mm to 7mm, such as Figure 7 shown.
[0052] 3) Combination of carbon deposit layer elements with different thicknesses, the thickness of the carbon deposit layer is 0.3mm~2mm. Figure 8 shown.
[0053] 4) Combinations of carbon deposition layer primitives with different distribution forms, including uniform distribution, linear increase, linear decrease, concave, and convex. Fig. 9 shown.
[0054] Finally, the blockage of the pores can be easily ascertained based on the combined shapes and distribution positions of the carbon deposit layer primitives of the carbon deposit layer magnification model 22 .
[0055] In summary, by using the above-mentioned method and test bench, it is possible to study the movement trajectory, time and other characteristics of the carbon deposit layer in different states in the pores, explore factors such as the position, blockage length, and blockage density of the carbon deposit layer blocking the pores, and then take specific catalyst coating measures inside the pores in a targeted manner, or solve the pore blockage problem by controlling the DPF carrier temperature and air flow velocity, and further reduce the problem of increased engine fuel consumption caused by increased carrier back pressure.
[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A visual test bench for proportionally enlarging the movement of carbon deposits in DPF channels, characterized by: The invention comprises a DC fan controller (1), a DC fan (2), an air intake pressure regulating box (3), a constricted pipe (4), a mass flow meter (5), a DPF equal-proportion enlarged model (6), a carbon deposit layer enlarged model (22), a micro camera (7), a gas pressure difference tester (8), a terminal control computer (9), and a camera (10); wherein the DC fan controller (1) controls the air flow speed of the DC fan (2); the air outlet of the DC fan (2), the air intake pressure regulating box (3), the constricted pipe (4), the mass flow meter (5), and the DPF equal-proportion enlarged model (6) are sequentially connected in series. The DPF housing (11) of the DPF equal-proportional enlarged model (6) is transparent, a series of miniature cameras (7) are arranged at equal intervals on the top of the DPF equal-proportional enlarged model (6), a camera (10) is arranged on the outer side of the outlet end of the DPF equal-proportional enlarged model (6), the outlet end of the DPF equal-proportional enlarged model (6) is connected to the detection port of the gas differential pressure tester (8), the terminal control computer (9) receives data from the mass flow meter (5), the miniature camera (7), the camera (10) and the gas differential pressure tester (8) and controls according to the signals, and displays the measurement data and image information at the same time; The DPF equal-proportional enlarged model (6) has its internal space divided into a plurality of DPF exhaust channels (21) by arranging porous medium walls (12) in the horizontal and vertical directions. DPF transparent plugs (13) are alternately arranged at the front and rear ends of each DPF exhaust channel (21). The DPF exhaust channel (21) at the upper right side of the front end of the DPF equal-proportional enlarged model (6) is a carbon deposition layer arrangement channel (16). The carbon deposition layer arrangement channel (16) is a formation area of the carbon deposition layer enlarged model (22) to be observed. A DPF transparent upper cover plate (14) is arranged on the top surface of the carbon deposit layer layout channel (16), and DPF wall micropores (15) are evenly opened on the DPF transparent upper cover plate (14), and the porosity of the DPF wall micropores (15) is consistent with that of the porous medium wall (12). Miniature cameras (7) are arranged above the DPF transparent upper cover plate (14) at equal intervals according to the length of the DPF proportional enlarged model (6), and the cameras (10) are arranged directly opposite to the carbon deposit layer layout channel (16); During operation, the exhaust gas continuously changes direction and circulates in the internal space of the DPF proportional enlarged model (6), and particles in the exhaust gas are intercepted and accumulated by the porous medium wall surface (12), forming a carbon deposit layer enlarged model (22) within the carbon deposit layer layout channel (16).
2. The proportionally enlarged DPF channel carbon deposit layer movement visualization test bench according to claim 1 is characterized by: The DPF housing (11), the DPF transparent plug (13) and the DPF transparent upper cover plate (14) are all made of highly light-transmitting and low-reflective materials.
3. The proportionally enlarged DPF channel carbon deposit movement visualization test bench according to claim 2 is characterized by: The porous medium wall (12) is made of silicon carbide or cordierite, or a material that can maintain the same permeability after being scaled up in the same proportion.
4. The proportionally enlarged DPF channel carbon deposit layer movement visualization test bench according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: According to the length of the DPF proportionally enlarged model (6), a series of miniature cameras (7) are mounted on the inner wall of the DPF housing (11) in a straight line and at equal distances.
5. The proportionally enlarged DPF channel carbon deposit movement visualization test bench according to claim 4 is characterized by: The miniature camera (7) is a miniature camera with a fill light, and the camera (10) is a high-resolution camera.
6. The proportionally enlarged DPF channel carbon deposit movement visualization test bench according to claim 1 is characterized by: A rear fairing (19) is arranged on the outlet end of the DPF equal-scale enlarged model (6), and a back-pressure regulating valve (20) is arranged at the rear end of the rear fairing (19).
7. A test method based on the test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following test steps were used: S1. After all components and airflow ducts are connected, the carbon deposit layer layout channel (16) in the DPF proportional enlarged model (6) is the formation area of the carbon deposit layer enlarged model (22) to be observed; S2, triggering the DC fan controller (1) to control the DC fan (2) to maintain a constant speed through the terminal control computer (9), the continuous operation time of the DC fan (2) and the air flow speed can be set according to the test requirements; S3, after the airflow of the DC fan (2) enters the air intake pressure regulating box (3), it flows into the DPF proportional amplification model through the mass flow meter (5), and the terminal control computer (9) receives the signal of the mass flow meter (5) in real time, and verifies it with the set value in real time. If the error is within 3%, it is determined that the DC fan is operating normally; S4, as the carbon deposit layer enlarged model (22) is formed in the carbon deposit layer layout channel (16), the terminal control computer (9) controls the micro camera (7) and the camera (10) to continuously shoot and record, and at the same time receives real-time images of the movement of the carbon deposit layer enlarged model (22), and saves the images shot by the micro camera (7) and the camera (10); S5, the terminal control computer (9) triggers the DC fan controller (1) to stop the operation of the DC fan (2), and a set of experiments is completed; the terminal control computer (9) receives the signal from the gas pressure difference tester (8) in real time, and at the same time performs early warning monitoring of the pressure. When the pressure exceeds the set threshold, the control triggers the DC fan controller (1) to stop the operation of the DC fan (2) until the alarm is lifted.
8. The test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The contour of the carbon deposit layer in its actual form on the carbon deposit layer enlarged model (22) is fitted into a model composed of a variety of basic shapes including triangles, squares, circles, and rectangles; for different groups of experiments, the variable control method is used to set the shape, surface area, thickness, density, and distribution of the carbon deposit layer in the pores one by one, and the blockage of the pores is determined based on the distribution of the carbon deposit layer enlarged model (22).