A test method and device for studying static lodging of power transformer windings

Abstract

The present application is applicable to the technical field of short-circuit resistance of power transformers, and provides a test method and device for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings. The test method for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings includes: determining the reference force according to the force acting on the windings when the transformer is short-circuited; performing an axial compression force lodging test on the full model winding based on the reference force; and determining the critical value of static lodging of transformer windings based on the axial compression force lodging test data. The present application can simulate the dynamic lodging test with static force, avoiding the difficulty of multi-physics field research, and has a high guiding value for industry research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of short-circuit resistance of power transformers, and in particular, relates to a test method and device for studying static lodging of power transformer windings. Background Art

[0002] The short-circuit fault at the outlet of power transformer has a certain randomness. Once the transformer is damaged, it will pose a huge threat to the reliability of the power grid. It has always been highly valued by domestic and foreign researchers, manufacturers and operation and maintenance units. The IEC60076-5, IEEE_C57.12 and GB1094.5 standards for the ability of transformers to withstand short circuits only stipulate the test process and the basis for qualified judgment. The appendix recommended specifications only regulate the allowable values, and the actual force and reliability theory judgment under short-circuit conditions are still under continuous research and improvement. On the one hand, the control of safety margin is affected by factors such as materials and processes; on the other hand, there are certain differences between simulation calculations and actual models. The high cost and high destructiveness of short-circuit tests determine that transformer short-circuit tests cannot be used as a research method, nor can they rely solely on simulation technology. Model-level experimental research must be strengthened. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the embodiment of the present application provides an experimental method for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings, which can simplify the complex manufacturing and multi-physical field relationship into a quantifiable judgment method.

[0004] This application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a test method for studying the static lodging of a power transformer winding, including: determining a reference force based on the force acting on the winding when the transformer is short-circuited; based on the reference force, performing an axial compression force lodging test on the full model winding; based on the axial compression force lodging test data, determining a critical value for the static lodging of the transformer winding.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the method also includes a step of preparing the full model winding, and the preparing the full model winding includes: generating N feature parameter group sets based on N feature parameters; wherein the full model winding is determined based on the N feature parameters, each feature parameter group set includes multiple feature parameter groups, the feature parameter group is composed of the N feature parameters, the parameter value of the first feature parameter in each feature parameter group in the same feature parameter group set is different, the first feature parameter is any feature parameter among the N feature parameters, and the first feature parameters corresponding to each feature parameter group set are different; multiple full model windings are prepared based on the multiple feature parameter groups, and at least three full model windings are prepared corresponding to each feature parameter group.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the axial compression force prostration test on the full model winding includes: loading the force on the full model winding multiple times; wherein, after each force loading, staying for a preset time to ensure that the full model winding reaches a steady state; during the force loading process, if it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or prostrated, the loading of the force is stopped.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the loading force includes: taking a preset proportional value of the reference force as a starting point, and increasing the force each time by a preset gradient value of the reference force; wherein the preset gradient is determined based on the amplitude of the reference force and the sensitivity of a measuring instrument.

[0009] In a possible implementation, if it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or falls over, the loading force is stopped, including: if the relationship between the loading force and the display force meets the first preset requirement, the loading force is stopped; or, if the display force meets the second preset requirement, the loading force is stopped; or, if the display force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement, the loading force is stopped; the force-displacement curve characterizes the relationship between the display force and the displacement change of the full model winding; wherein, the relationship between the loading force and the display force meets the first preset requirement when: the difference between the loading force and the current display force is greater than or equal to a first threshold value; the display force meets the second preset requirement when: the difference between the display force is greater than or equal to a second threshold value; the display force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement when: the display force changes with the displacement of the full model winding is greater than or equal to a third threshold value.

[0010] In a possible implementation, if it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or falls over, then the loading force is stopped, and it also includes: on the basis that the relationship between the loading force and the display force meets the first preset requirement, or the display force meets the second preset requirement, or the display force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement, combined with the winding sound and / or measurement data, determining whether to stop the loading force; the measurement data is data measured by a measuring instrument and characterizes the reduction in force of the full model winding.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the axial compression force prostration test data is: after the loading force is stopped, when the plurality of full model windings are deformed or prostrated as a whole or partially, the corresponding compression force data and the corresponding full model winding characteristic parameters.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the transformer winding static lodging critical value is the minimum value of the full model winding compression force data of each characteristic parameter group; and there are multiple transformer winding static lodging critical values.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: determining a lodging critical value reference standard for a characteristic parameter group corresponding to the full model winding based on a plurality of the transformer winding static lodging critical values ​​and the corresponding full model winding characteristic parameters.

[0014] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a test device for studying the static lodging of a power transformer winding, including: a reference force calculation module, used to determine the reference force according to the force acting on the winding when the transformer is short-circuited; a force loading module, used to perform an axial compression force lodging test on the full model winding based on the reference force; a critical value determination module, which determines the critical value of the static lodging of the transformer winding based on the axial compression force lodging test data.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method described in any one of the first aspects is implemented.

[0016] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in any one of the first aspects is implemented.

[0017] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a terminal device, enables the terminal device to execute any of the methods described in the first aspect above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, multiple sets of transformer windings are manufactured to complete the identification and extraction of key influencing parameters and complete more comprehensive data analysis. The dynamic lodging test can be simulated with static compression force, avoiding the difficulty of multi-physical field research, and has a high guiding value for industry research.

[0020] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a test device for studying static lodging of power transformer windings provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a test terminal device for studying the static lodging of a power transformer winding provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present application.

[0026] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification and appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0028] As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the term "if" can be interpreted as "when" or "uponce" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" can be interpreted as meaning "uponce it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "uponce [described condition or event] is detected" or "in response to detecting [described condition or event]", depending on the context.

[0029] In addition, in the description of the present application specification and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the specification of this application mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 The test method for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings is described in detail as follows:

[0033] In step 101, a reference force is determined according to the winding force when the transformer is short-circuited.

[0034] Exemplarily, the reference force F0 may have different values ​​according to different algorithms, but it is only a reference value, and the final winding lodging should be based on the specific value of the test.

[0035] Exemplarily, the reference force F0 is determined by the basic structural parameters of the transformer winding, relying on theoretical algorithms, or finite element simulation technology, or mature algorithms for judging the short-circuit resistance of transformers (algorithms that have been initially verified by experiments or recognized by the industry can be considered mature algorithms), and combined with the manufacturing process level of the transformer winding.

[0036] Specifically, F0 can be calculated using a theoretical algorithm or finite element simulation; F0 can also be calculated using the standard calculation formula in Appendix A.3.4 of the GB1094.5-2008 "Capacity of Power Transformers to Withstand Short Circuits" standard.

[0037] Specifically, the basic structural parameters of the above-mentioned transformer winding include but are not limited to: wire width, wire height, wire type, wire yield strength, average winding diameter, spacer material, spacer size and quantity, etc.; you can also refer to the specific parameters of the standard calculation formula in Appendix A.3.4 of GB1094.5.

[0038] Specifically, the manufacturing process level of the transformer winding also affects the winding's anti-lodging ability, such as whether the winding is secondary dried, whether the pads are densely processed, whether the wires are tied, etc.; the above situations should be properly considered in experimental research and algorithm conversion should be carried out; the conversion basis can be based on empirical data or theoretical deduction methods.

[0039] In step 102, based on the reference force, an axial compression force prostration test is performed on the full model winding.

[0040] The test method for studying the static lodging of the power transformer winding also includes the step of preparing a full model winding; preparing the full model winding includes:

[0041] Generate N characteristic parameter group sets based on N characteristic parameters; wherein the full model winding is determined based on the N characteristic parameters, each characteristic parameter group set includes multiple characteristic parameter groups, the characteristic parameter group is composed of N characteristic parameters, the parameter value of the first characteristic parameter in each characteristic parameter group in the same characteristic parameter group set is different, the first characteristic parameter is any characteristic parameter among the N characteristic parameters, and the first characteristic parameters corresponding to each characteristic parameter group set are different;

[0042] A plurality of full model windings are prepared based on a plurality of characteristic parameter groups, and at least three full model windings are prepared corresponding to each characteristic parameter group.

[0043] Specifically, this method can be used to study the static lodging level of windings under a specific working manufacturing level, and select different characteristic parameters to study the parameters with the highest weight affecting the lodging; considering the dispersion of the data, multiple groups of tests are carried out on more than three groups of identical windings. For example, when other conditions remain unchanged, the wire width is reduced or increased, the pad width is reduced or increased, etc., to form multiple groups of differentiated data.

[0044] Exemplarily, the full model winding should include a single winding structure during normal operation and short-circuit impact, including insulating cylinders, stays, wires, spacers and end insulation.

[0045] Specifically, considering the destructive nature of this test, the test is completed using windings that will be treated as scrap. This research work should be appropriately invested based on the research capabilities and research importance.

[0046] Among them, the axial compression force fall test is carried out on the full model winding, including:

[0047] The full model winding is loaded with force for multiple times; wherein, each time the force is loaded, it stays for a preset time to ensure that the full model winding reaches a steady state; during the process of loading the force, if it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or falls over, the loading of the force is stopped.

[0048] The loading force includes: taking a preset proportional value of a reference force as a starting point, and increasing the force each time by a preset gradient value of the reference force; wherein the preset gradient is determined according to the amplitude of the reference force and the sensitivity of a measuring instrument.

[0049] For example, starting from 30% F0, the test is loaded at 5% F0, and each loading is completed for a preset time to ensure that a steady state is reached. Each additional force is selected according to a preset ratio, selected according to the amplitude of the reference force F0 and the sensitivity of the measuring instrument, preferably at an interval of 5%, and other ratios can also be selected. The gradient difference of the loading force can be adjusted according to research needs.

[0050] Exemplarily, multiple force loadings are performed, and the time of each force loading should not be too fast. The time of the force loading can be adjusted according to the changes in the windings and the sound during the compression process.

[0051] Among them, if it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or falls over, the loading force is stopped, including: if the relationship between the loading force and the display force meets the first preset requirement, the loading force is stopped; or, if the display force meets the second preset requirement, the loading force is stopped; or, if the display force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement, the loading force is stopped; the force-displacement curve represents the relationship between the display force and the displacement change of the full model winding.

[0052] Among them, the relationship between the loading force and the display force meets the first preset requirement: the difference between the loading force and the current display force is greater than or equal to the first threshold; the display force meets the second preset requirement: the difference in the display force is greater than or equal to the second threshold; the display force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement: the change in the display force with the displacement of the full model winding is greater than or equal to the third threshold.

[0053] Among them, if it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or falls over, the loading force is stopped, which also includes: on the basis that the relationship between the loading force and the displayed force meets the first preset requirement, or the displayed force meets the second preset requirement, or the displayed force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement, combined with the winding sound and / or measurement data, determining whether to stop the loading force; the measurement data is data obtained by measuring instruments and characterizing the reduction in force of the full model winding.

[0054] For example, the winding lodging relationship is determined based on the relationship between the force and the reaction force. When the winding coil lodging occurs, the reaction force will decrease rapidly.

[0055] For example, the measuring instrument may be a pressure measuring instrument with a pointer, and the collapse is determined by observing the force displayed by the pointer; a digital pressure measuring instrument may be selected, and if the displayed force decreases when the force is applied, it is determined that the wire cake has collapsed.

[0056] For example, transformer winding lodging phenomena include internal conductor lodging, single coil lodging and overall winding lodging. The internal conductor lodging is difficult to observe and can be judged with the aid of sound measurement or other measuring instruments, while the latter two lodging phenomena can be directly observed. Alternatively, other measurement methods can be used to increase the accuracy of the test.

[0057] Exemplarily, as long as there is a second auxiliary result that can prove that the force on the measuring instrument is reduced, it is determined that the winding has fallen.

[0058] In step 103, based on the axial compression force prostration test data, the transformer winding static prostration critical value is determined.

[0059] The axial compression force prostration test data are: the corresponding compression force data and the corresponding full model winding characteristic parameters when the whole or part of the multiple full model windings are deformed or prostrated after the loading force is stopped.

[0060] Among them, the critical value of static lodging of the transformer winding is the minimum value of the full model winding compression force data of each characteristic parameter group; there are multiple critical values ​​of static lodging of the transformer winding.

[0061] For example, since the winding collapse process lags slightly behind the loading force, the entire test process should be performed slowly.

[0062] Among them, the experimental method for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings also includes: determining the lodging critical value reference standard of the corresponding characteristic parameter group of the full model winding based on multiple transformer winding static lodging critical values ​​and corresponding full model winding characteristic parameters.

[0063] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] Corresponding to the test method for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings described in the above embodiment, Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a test device for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown.

[0065] See also Figure 2 The test device for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings in the embodiment of the present application may include a reference force calculation module 201, a force loading module 202, and a critical value determination module 203.

[0066] The reference force calculation module 201 is used to determine the reference force according to the winding force when the transformer is short-circuited. The force loading module 202 is used to perform an axial compression force fallover test on the full model winding based on the reference force. The critical value determination module 203 is used to determine the static fallover critical value of the transformer winding based on the axial compression force fallover test data.

[0067] The present application also provides a terminal device, see Figure 3 The terminal device 300 may include: at least one processor 310 and a memory 320. The memory 320 stores a computer program that can be run on the at least one processor 310. When the processor 310 executes the computer program, the steps in any of the above method embodiments are implemented, for example Figure 1 Steps 101 to 103 in the illustrated embodiment. Alternatively, when the processor 310 executes the computer program, the functions of each module / unit in the above-mentioned device embodiments are implemented, for example Figure 2 Functions of modules 201 to 203 are shown.

[0068] Exemplarily, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules / units, one or more modules / units are stored in the memory 320, and executed by the processor 310 to complete the present application. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program segments that can complete specific functions, and the program segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program in the terminal device 300.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 It is only an example of a terminal device and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device. It may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components, such as input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0070] The processor 310 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0071] The memory 320 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device, or an external storage device of the terminal device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. The memory 320 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal device. The memory 320 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0072] The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, the bus in the drawings of the present application is not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0073] The test method for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to terminal devices such as computers, tablet computers, laptops, netbooks, personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any restrictions on the specific type of terminal devices.

[0074] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the steps in each embodiment of the above-mentioned test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings.

[0075] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal implements the steps in each embodiment of the above-mentioned test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings.

[0076] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, which can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can at least include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code to the camera / terminal device, recording medium, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, RandomAccess Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium. For example, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media cannot be electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0078] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0079] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / network equipment and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / network equipment embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0080] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0081] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings, characterized in that: include: Determine the reference force according to the winding force when the transformer is short-circuited; Based on the reference force, an axial compression force prostration test is performed on the full model winding; The method further comprises the step of preparing the full model winding, wherein the preparing the full model winding comprises: Generate N characteristic parameter group sets based on N characteristic parameters; wherein the full model winding is determined based on the N characteristic parameters, each characteristic parameter group set includes multiple characteristic parameter groups, the characteristic parameter group is composed of the N characteristic parameters, the parameter value of the first characteristic parameter in each characteristic parameter group in the same characteristic parameter group set is different, the first characteristic parameter is any characteristic parameter of the N characteristic parameters, and the first characteristic parameters corresponding to each characteristic parameter group set are different; prepare multiple full model windings based on the multiple characteristic parameter groups, and prepare at least three full model windings corresponding to each characteristic parameter group; The axial compression force prostration test of the full model winding comprises: applying force to the full model winding multiple times; wherein, after each force application, the winding stays for a preset time to ensure that the full model winding reaches a steady state; during the force application process, if it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or prostrated, the force application is stopped; Based on the axial compression force lodging test data, the critical value of static lodging of the transformer winding is determined.

2. The test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The loading force includes: Taking the preset proportional value of the reference force as the starting point, the force is increased each time according to the preset gradient value of the reference force; The preset gradient is determined according to the amplitude of the reference force and the sensitivity of the measuring instrument.

3. The test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: If it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or falls over, stopping the loading force includes: If the relationship between the loading force and the display force meets the first preset requirement, the loading force is stopped; or, If the displayed force meets the second preset requirement, then stop loading the force; or, If the displayed force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement, then stop loading the force; the force-displacement curve represents the relationship between the displayed force and the displacement change of the full model winding; The relationship between the loading force and the display force satisfies a first preset requirement when: the difference between the loading force and the current display force is greater than or equal to a first threshold; The display force meets the second preset requirement when: the difference of the display force is greater than or equal to a second threshold; The displayed force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement that: the change value of the displayed force along with the displacement of the full model winding is greater than or equal to a third threshold value.

4. The test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: If it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or collapsed, then the loading force is stopped, and further includes: On the basis that the relationship between the loading force and the displayed force meets the first preset requirement, or the displayed force meets the second preset requirement, or the displayed force-displacement curve meets the third preset requirement, combined with the winding sound and / or measurement data, determine whether to stop the loading force; the measurement data is data measured by a measuring instrument and characterizes the reduction in force of the full model winding.

5. The test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The axial compression force prostration test data are: after the loading force is stopped, when the multiple full model windings are deformed or prostrated as a whole or partially, the corresponding compression force data and the corresponding full model winding characteristic parameters.

6. The test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transformer winding static lodging critical value is the minimum value of the full model winding compression force data of each characteristic parameter group; there are multiple transformer winding static lodging critical values.

7. The test method for studying static lodging of power transformer windings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: According to the plurality of static lodging critical values ​​of the transformer windings and the corresponding characteristic parameters of the full model windings, a lodging critical value reference standard of the corresponding characteristic parameter group of the full model windings is determined.

8. A test device for studying the static lodging of power transformer windings, characterized in that: include: A reference force calculation module is used to determine the reference force according to the winding force when the transformer is short-circuited; A force loading module, used for performing an axial compression force lodging test on the full model winding based on the reference force; The preparation of the full model winding comprises: generating N characteristic parameter group sets based on N characteristic parameters; wherein the full model winding is determined based on the N characteristic parameters, each characteristic parameter group set comprises a plurality of characteristic parameter groups, the characteristic parameter group is composed of the N characteristic parameters, the parameter value of the first characteristic parameter in each characteristic parameter group in the same characteristic parameter group set is different, the first characteristic parameter is any characteristic parameter of the N characteristic parameters, and the first characteristic parameters corresponding to each characteristic parameter group set are different; a plurality of full model windings are prepared based on the plurality of characteristic parameter groups, and at least three full model windings are prepared corresponding to each characteristic parameter group; The axial compression force prostration test of the full model winding comprises: applying force to the full model winding multiple times; wherein, after each force application, the winding stays for a preset time to ensure that the full model winding reaches a steady state; during the force application process, if it is determined that the full model winding is deformed or prostrated, the force application is stopped; The critical value determination module determines the static lodging critical value of the transformer winding based on the axial compression force lodging test data.

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