Beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) can identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing for communications between the UE and a base station. In one example, the beam switching capability can indicate a number of beam switches for a plurality of slots of a transmission time interval. In another example, the capability can indicate a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both. The UE can determine one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for the identified beam switching capability. The parameters can explicitly or implicitly indicate the identified capability. The UE can also transmit the determined one or more parameter values to the base station and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability.

Description

[0001] Cross-referencing

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 008,580, filed April 10, 2020, entitled "Beam Switching Capability for Systems With High Subcarrier Spacing," and U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 225,890, filed April 8, 2021, entitled "Beam Switching Capability for Systems With High Subcarrier Spacing," each of which is assigned to the assignee of this application. Technical Field

[0003] The following generally relates to wireless communication, and in particular to beam switching capabilities for systems with high subcarrier spacing. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems can employ various technologies, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication from multiple communication devices, which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0005] Devices in wireless communication systems (such as UEs and base stations) can support beamforming to enhance communication reliability and efficiency by using directional signal transmission. These devices can switch between various directional beams during transmission periods, and the ability to switch efficiently between beams may be limited by the device hardware. Therefore, the base station can schedule communication for the UE to account for hardware limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing. Generally, the described techniques provide for enhanced beam switching capability reporting. A user equipment (UE) can identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, used for communications between the UE and a base station. In one example, the beam switching capability can indicate a number of beam switches for a plurality of slots of a transmission time interval. In another example, the capability can indicate a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both. The UE can determine one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for the identified beam switching capability. The parameters can explicitly or implicitly indicate the identified capability. The UE can also transmit the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in UE capability signaling and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability.

[0007] A method of wireless communication is described at a UE. The method can include identifying a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, used for communications between the UE and a base station, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval, determining one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for the identified beam switching capability, transmitting the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in UE capability signaling, and communicating with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability.

[0008] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions can be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, used for communications between the UE and a base station, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval, determine one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for the identified beam switching capability, transmit the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in UE capability signaling, and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability.

[0009] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include means for identifying a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE and a base station, the beam switch capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval, determining one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability for the identified beam switch capability, transmitting the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in UE capability signaling, and communicating with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0010] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to identify a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE and a base station, the beam switch capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval, determine one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability for the identified beam switch capability, transmit the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in UE capability signaling, and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0011] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, determining the one or more parameter values can include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a value of a first parameter indicating the number of beam switches, and determining a value of a second parameter indicating a number of slots in the set of slots, where the value of the first parameter and the value of the second parameter can be transmitted to the base station.

[0012] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, determining the one or more parameter values can include operations, features, means, or instructions for identifying a number of beam switches for the set of slots based on a reference subcarrier spacing, where the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on the reference subcarrier spacing.

[0013] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, a reference subcarrier spacing can be indicated by the one or more parameter values.

[0014] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, a reference subcarrier spacing can be a default reference subcarrier spacing.

[0015] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, determining the one or more parameter values can include operations, features, means, or instructions for identifying a number of beam switches for the set of slots based on a reference time duration, where the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on the reference time duration.

[0016] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the reference time duration can be indicated by the one or more parameter values.

[0017] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the reference time duration can be a default reference time duration.

[0018] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the reference time duration can be a time duration of 0.125 milliseconds.

[0019] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, transmitting the determined one or more parameter values can include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the determined one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0020] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting one or more parameter values indicating an identified beam switch capability for each subcarrier spacing in the set of subcarrier spacings in UE capability signaling.

[0021] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the transmission time interval can be a 1 millisecond subframe transmission time interval.

[0022] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the one or more parameter values indicate a number of receive beam switches, a number of transmit beam switches, or both.

[0023] A method of wireless communication at a UE is described. The method can include identifying a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communication between the UE and a base station, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, determining, for the identified beam switch capability, one or more parameter values indicative of the identified beam switch capability, transmitting, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values, and communicating with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0024] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions can be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to identify a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communication between the UE and a base station, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, determine, for the identified beam switch capability, one or more parameter values indicative of the identified beam switch capability, transmit, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values, and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0025] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include means for identifying a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communication between the UE and a base station, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, determining, for the identified beam switch capability, one or more parameter values indicative of the identified beam switch capability, transmitting, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values, and communicating with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0026] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to identify a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communication between the UE and a base station, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, determine, for the identified beam switch capability, one or more parameter values indicative of the identified beam switch capability, transmit, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values, and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0027] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the determined one or more parameter values can include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the determined one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0028] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, in the UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier spacing of the set of subcarrier spacings.

[0029] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more parameter values indicate a beam switching capability for a receive beam, a transmit beam, or both.

[0030] A method of wireless communication is described at a base station. The method can include identifying a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communication between the base station and a UE, receiving, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots, and communicating with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0031] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus can include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions can be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to identify a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communication between the base station and a UE, receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots, and communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0032] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus can include means for identifying a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communication between the base station and a UE, receiving, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots, and communicating with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0033] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications at a base station is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to identify a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between the base station and a UE, receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots, and communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0034] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, receiving the one or more parameter values can include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a value of a first parameter indicating the number of beam switches, and receiving a value of a second parameter indicating a number of slots in the set of slots, where the value of the first parameter and the value of the second parameter can be transmitted to the base station.

[0035] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for identifying the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on a reference subcarrier spacing, where the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on the reference subcarrier spacing.

[0036] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, the reference subcarrier spacing can be indicated by the one or more parameter values.

[0037] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, the reference subcarrier spacing can be a default reference subcarrier spacing.

[0038] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for identifying the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on a reference time duration, where the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on the reference time duration.

[0039] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, the reference time duration can be indicated by the one or more parameter values.

[0040] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, the reference time duration can be a default reference time duration.

[0041] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the reference time duration can be a time duration of 0.125 milliseconds.

[0042] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the one or more parameter values can include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0043] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, in the UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating an identified beam switch capability for each subcarrier spacing in the set of subcarrier spacings.

[0044] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the transmission time interval can be a subframe transmission time interval of 1 millisecond.

[0045] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more parameter values indicate a number of receive beam switches, a number of transmit beam switches, or both.

[0046] A method of wireless communication is described. The method can include identifying a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communication between a base station and a UE; receiving, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switch capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both; and communicating with the UE based on the indicated beam switch capability.

[0047] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus can include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions can be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to identify a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communication between a base station and a UE; receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switch capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both; and communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switch capability.

[0048] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus can include means for identifying a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between the base station and a UE, receiving, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, and communicating with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0049] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to identify a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between the base station and a UE, receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, and communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0050] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, receiving the one or more parameter values can include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0051] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, in the UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier spacing of the set of subcarrier spacings.

[0052] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the one or more parameter values indicate a beam switching capability for a receive beam, a transmit beam, or both.

[0053] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows can be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed conception and specific examples can be readily utilized as bases for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the disclosure. Such equivalent constructions are not to be regarded as a departure from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and their method of operation, together with associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is not intended as a definition of the limits of the claims.

[0054] While aspects and embodiments are described in this application by illustration to some examples, those skilled in the art will understand that additional implementations and use cases can come about in many different arrangements and scenarios. Innovations described herein can be implemented across many differing platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, packaging arrangements. For example, embodiments and / or uses can come about via integrated chip embodiments, and other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (Al)-enabled devices, etc.). Some examples can be or can not be specifically intended to be used in a particular industry, use case, or set of conditions. The scope of the innovations described herein can extend to these and other BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 An example of a process flow diagram that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0056] Figure 2 An example of a process flow diagram that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0057] Figure 3 An example of a process flow diagram that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0058] Figure 4 And Figure 5 A block diagram of a device that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0059] Figure 6A block diagram of a communications manager that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0060] Figure 7 A diagram of a system including a device that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0061] Figure 8 And Figure 9 A block diagram of a device that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0062] Figure 10 A block diagram of a communications manager that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0063] Figure 11 A diagram of a system including a device that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0064] Figures 12 to 15 A flow diagram illustrating a method that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] Devices of a wireless communications system can support beamforming to enhance reliability and efficiency using directional signal transmissions. For example, a base station and a user equipment (UE) can communicate using various beam pairs, and the devices can transition between beams during a transmission period. Hardware limitations of the UE can increase the overhead of beam switching. More specifically, analog beam switching for the UE can include decoding of control information, reprogramming of radio frequency software or firmware, retuning of a radio frequency front end, and the like. These procedures can result in beam switching delays. As such, a base station can account for UE beam switching delays when scheduling resources for communications between the UE and the base station.

[0066] The devices can operate in various frequency bands, and the subcarrier spacing used for communications can depend on the operating frequency band. For example, in high band operations in a new radio (NR) system (e.g., -60 GHz carrier frequencies or FR4 designs), the subcarrier spacing can be increased to limit or prevent phase noise. The subcarrier spacing can also inform the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol length and the cyclic prefix length that is located between adjacent symbols during a transmission duration. More specifically, as the subcarrier spacing increases, the OFDM symbol length and the cyclic prefix length can decrease (e.g., the OFDM symbol length and the cyclic prefix length are inversely proportional to the subcarrier spacing).

[0067] In some subcarrier spacings, the cyclic prefix duration can provide a guard period during which the UE can perform beam switching between symbol periods. However, for higher subcarrier spacings (and shorter OFDM symbol and cyclic prefix lengths), the cyclic prefix can not contain the beam switching delay. Thus, some additional time gap can be provided between symbols at higher subcarrier spacings (e.g., 960 kHz). The UE can report a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing, so that the base station can provide these time gaps when scheduling UE communications. The beam switching capability reported by the UE can indicate a number of beam switches that the UE can perform in one slot for a particular subcarrier spacing. According to some implementations, the capabilities that the UE can report are limited to 4, 7, and 14 beam switches per slot. However, these values can be too stringent for higher subcarrier spacings. For example, a subcarrier spacing of 960 kHz includes a slot length of 15.6 μβ, which the UE can not be able to perform a complete beam switch in. As such, the reported values can be insufficient.

[0068] The techniques described herein provide enhanced beam switching reporting capabilities. In one example, a UE can report a maximum number of beam switches (N) that the UE can make per a number of slots (M). The indicated number of beam switches (N) can be a number of transmit (Tx) beam changes or receive (Rx) beam changes, or both, and the number of slots can be greater than one. The UE can use these parameters to report values for N and M. In some examples, these values can be implicitly determined with reference to a reference subcarrier spacing or a reference time duration. The reporting techniques described herein can provide enhanced capabilities for reporting beam switching capabilities for higher subcarrier spacings.

[0069] Particular aspects of the subject matter described herein can be implemented to realize one or more advantages. The described techniques can support improved beamforming communication frameworks, reduced signaling overhead, increased reliability, and the like. As such, supported techniques can include improved network operations, and in some examples, can promote network efficiency and other benefits.

[0070] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communications system. Aspects of the disclosure are further described with respect to wireless communication systems and process flow diagrams illustrating capability reporting. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated and described by reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts related to beam switching capabilities for systems with high subcarrier spacings.

[0071] Figure 1An example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports beam switching capabilities for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communications system 100 can include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 can be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 can support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission critical) communications, low latency communications, communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0072] The base stations 105 can be dispersed throughout the geographic area 100 and can be

[0073] The UEs 115 can be dispersed throughout the geographic area 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile or both at different times. The UEs 115 can be devices in different forms Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein can be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment), as shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1

[0074] The base stations 105 can communicate with the core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, the base stations 105 can interface with the core network 130 through one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via an SI, N2, N3, or other interface). The base stations 105 can communicate with one another over the backhaul links 120 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or other interface) directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105), or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or both. In some examples, the backhaul links 120 can be or include one or more wireless links.

[0075] ​One or more of the base stations 105 described herein can include or can be referred to as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which can be referred to as a gNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology.

[0076] A UE 115 can include or can be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” can also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 can also include or can be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 can include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which can be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters or instruments, among other examples.

[0077] A UE 115 described herein can be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that can sometimes act as relays or can be stationary devices such as base stations 105, and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1

[0078] The UEs 115 and the base stations 105 can wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links 125 over one or more carriers. The term “carrier” can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources with a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication links 125. For example, a carrier used for a communication link 125 can include a portion of the radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that is operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel can carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 can support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 can be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation can be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers.

[0079] ​In some examples (e.g., in carrier aggregation configurations), a carrier can also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations of other carriers. A carrier can be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute radio frequency channel number (EARFCN)) and can be positioned based on a channel raster to facilitate discovery by UEs 115. Carriers can be operated in a standalone mode where initial acquisition and connection can be achieved via the carrier, or the carrier can be operated in a non-standalone mode where acquisition and connection can be achieved using a different carrier (e.g., a carrier of a different radio access technology).

[0080] The communication links 125 shown in wireless communication system 100 can include uplink transmissions from a UE 115 to a base station 105, or downlink transmissions from a base station 105 to a UE 115. Carriers can carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode), or can be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode).

[0081] A carrier can be associated with a particular bandwidth of radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples the carrier bandwidth can be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth can be one of a number of determined bandwidths for carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)). Devices of wireless communications system 100 (e.g., base stations 105, UEs 115, or both) can have hardware configurations that support communications over the particular carrier bandwidth, or can be configurable to support communications over one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, wireless communications system 100 can include base stations 105 or UEs 115 that support simultaneous communications via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 can be configured for operating over portions (e.g., sub-bands, BWPs) or all of a carrier bandwidth.

[0082] The signal waveform transmitted on the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as OFDM or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the code rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements the UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate the UE 115 can achieve. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and using multiple spatial layers can further improve the data rate or data integrity of communication with the UE 115.

[0083] One or more parameter designs for a carrier can be supported, where the parameter design may include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different parameter designs. In some examples, UE 115 can be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for UE 115 can be limited to one or more active BWPs.

[0084] The time interval of base station 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period T. s =1 / (Δf) max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, while N f This can represent the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of the communication resources can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0085] Each frame can include a plurality of sequentially numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot can have the same duration. In some examples, a frame can be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe can be further divided into a number of slots. Alternatively, each frame can include a variable number of slots, and the number of slots can depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each slot can include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, a slot can be further divided into a plurality of mini-slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period can contain one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating band.

[0086] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0087] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel can be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel can be defined by a number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search the control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates arranged in an aggregation level of one or more of a number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)). An aggregation level for a control channel candidate can refer to a number of control channel resources (e.g., CCEs) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. A search space set can include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specific search space sets configured for sending control information to a specific UE 115.

[0088] Each base station 105 can provide communication coverage for a respective geographic area 110 via one or more cells, e.g., a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term "cell" can refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a base station 105 (e.g., on a carrier) and can be associated with a identifier, such as a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID), or otherwise, used to distinguish from other cells that a neighbor. In some examples, the cell can also refer to a geographical area 110 over which a logical communication entity operates or a portion of the geographical area 110 (e.g., a sector). Such a cell can range in size from a small area (e.g., a structure, a subset of a structure) to a large area depending on various factors such as the capacity of the base station 105. For example, a cell can be or include a building, a subset of a building, or an outdoor space between or overlapping with geographical areas 110, among other examples.

[0089] Macro cells generally cover relatively large geographic areas (e.g., 100s of meters to 10s of kilometers in radius) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider. Small cell coverage areas (e.g., 10s of meters in radius) can be associated with a lower- powered base station 105 (e.g., a Home eNB (HeNB) or a femto or pico cell) and can provide restricted or controlled access by UEs 115, for example, for a closed subscription group or in an area in which a UE 115 is not allowed to camp. Base stations 105 can support one or multiple cells and can also support communication with a UE 115 using one or multiple component carriers.

[0090] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells, and different cells of the carrier can be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)) that can provide access for different types of devices.

[0091] In some examples, a base station 105 can be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving geographic coverage area 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 can be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communications system 100 can include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0092] The wireless communications system 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations 105 can have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 can be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations 105 can have different frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 can not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein can be used for synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0093] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, can be low cost or low complexity devices, and can provide for automated communication between machines or machines and humans (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC can refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a base station 105 without the need for human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC can include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that makes use of the information or presents the information to humans in interaction with the application program. Some UEs 115 can be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, health care monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.

[0094] Some UEs 115 can be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode where a UE 115 can support either transmission or reception, but not simultaneously with another UE 115) In some examples, a half-duplex communications mode can be used on a set of subframes arranged to support a reduced peak rate of a device, such as a machine type communication (MTC) device, or other similar devices. In some examples, other power conservation techniques for UEs 115 include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating over a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to a narrowband protocol type), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 can be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type, which is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a guardband of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.

[0095] The wireless communications system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) or mission critical communications. UEs 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or mission critical functions (e.g., mission critical function). Ultra-reliable communications can include private communication or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission critical services such as mission critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission critical video (MCVideo), or mission critical data (MCData). Support for mission critical functions can include prioritization of services, and mission critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission critical, and ultra-reliable low- latency can be used interchangeably herein.

[0096] In some examples, UEs 115 can also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communications can be within the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group can be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105, or be otherwise unserved by a base station 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications can utilize a one-to-many (1 :M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, a base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In other cases, D2D communications are carried out between the UEs 115 without the involvement of a base station 105.

[0097] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 can be an example of a communication channel, such as a sidelink communication channel, between vehicles (e.g., UEs 115). In some examples, vehicles can communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, or some combination of these. A vehicle can signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to a V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system can communicate with roadside infrastructure, such as roadside units, or with a network via one or more network nodes (e.g., base stations 105) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, or with both.

[0098] The core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC), which can include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by base stations 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets can be transferred through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity can be connected to the network

[0099] Some of the network devices, such as a base station 105, can include subcomponents such as an access network entity 140, which can be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 can communicate with UEs 115 through one or more other access network transmission entities 145, which can be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission / reception points (TRPs). Each access network transmission entity 145 can include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 can be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., a base station 105).

[0100] The wireless communications system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band, since the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. The UHF wave s can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves also tend to scatter less and diffract around obstacles, causing them to be useful for short-range, high capacity communications. Compared to the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz, the UHF waves have a smaller wavelength, which allows for more channels and thus a greater capacity. However, the smaller wavelength also allows the waves to be blocked by buildings and other environmental features. The ultra-high frequency (UHF) region is divided into subregions, including the super-high frequency (SHF) region, also known as the centimeter band, and the extremely high frequency (EHF) region, also known as the millimeter band.

[0101] The wireless communications system 100 can also operate in a super high frequency (SHF) region using frequency bands from 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter band, or in an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 can support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between UEs 115 and base stations 105, and EHF antennas of the respective devices can be even smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this can facilitate use of antenna arrays within a device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions can be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. Techniques disclosed herein can be employed across transmissions that use one or more different frequency regions, and designated frequency bands across these regions can vary depending on the particular region.

[0102] The wireless communications system 100 can utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 can employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed frequency band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band. When operating in unlicensed frequency

[0103] The base stations 105 or UEs 115 can be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a base station 105 or UE 115 can be co-located within one or more antenna assemblies or antenna panels. In some examples, the antennas associated with a base station 105 can be located at different geographic locations. A base station 105 can have antenna arrays that have a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station 105 can use for beamforming of communications to UEs 115. Likewise, a UE 115 can have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, antenna panels can support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via antenna ports.

[0104] The base stations 105 or UEs 115 can utilize MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase the spectral efficiency of communications between base stations 105 and UEs 115. Such techniques can be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, the multiple signals can be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a spatial stream, and can carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0105] Beamforming, which can also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a base station 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer a beam of energy in a specific direction, for example, to optimize or otherwise enhance communication between a base station 105 and a UE 115. Beamforming can be achieved by combining the signals communicated by antennas of a base station 105 or a UE 115 in a way that emphasizes (i.e., increases power in) a desired direction and suppresses (i.e., reduces or eliminates) other directions. This can be achieved by the adjustment of the phase, amplitude, and shape of the signals communicated by the antennas. For example, signals communicated by antennas of a base station 105 or a UE 115 can be made to add constructively in a desired direction, while suppressing the signals in other directions. The adjustment of the phase, amplitude, and shape of signals communicated by the antennas can be made by a beamforming network controlled by the processor 118 and / or 210. The beamforming network can apply the adjustments to signals communicated by the antennas based on a beamforming weight set associated with a desired direction.

[0106] The base stations 105 or UEs 115 can use beamforming techniques to transmit signals to each other over the air. For example, a base station 105 can use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with UEs 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) can be transmitted by a base station 105 multiple times in different directions. For example, the base station 105 can transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions, and receive a signal from a UE 115 in response to the transmitted signal. In some examples, the base station 105 can use the received signal to identify a beam direction for the base station 105 to use for later transmissions.

[0107] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, can be transmitted by a base station 105 in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as a UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction can be determined based on a signal that was transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 can receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the base station 105 in different directions, and can report to the base station 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality, or other acceptable signal quality.

[0108] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a base station 105 or a UE 115) can be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device can use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a base station 105 to a UE 115). A UE 115 can report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback can correspond to a configured number of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. A base station 105 can transmit reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)) that can be precoded or unprecoded. A UE 115 can provide feedback for beam selection, which can be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted in one or more directions by a base station 105, a UE 115 can employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmissions or receptions by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal in a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device).

[0109] A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) can try multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from base stations 105, such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device can try multiple receive directions by differentially rotating a receiving antenna array, by controlling different antenna subarrays to receive, by controlling different

[0110] The wireless communications system 100 can be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP -based. A Radio Link Control (RLC) layer can perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate over logical channels. A Medium Access Control (MAC) layer can perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both, to support retransmissions at the MAC layer, e.g., using a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) technique, to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer can provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a base station 105 or core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data. At the physical layer, transport channels can be mapped to physical channels.

[0111] The UEs 115 and the base stations 105 can support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. HARQ feedback is a technique

[0112] The wireless communications system 100 can support UE capability reporting. In some examples, a UE 115 can transmit a report to a base station 105 indicating a beam switching capability. The capability can indicate a number of beam switches that the UE 115 is capable of performing for a plurality of slots corresponding to a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE 115 and the base station 105. The number of beam switches and the number of the plurality of slots can be reported explicitly or implicitly with respect to a reference subcarrier spacing or a reference time duration. In some examples, the UE 115 can report a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with a subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for a subcarrier spacing, or both. The base station 105 can schedule communications with the UE 115 in accordance with the reported capability.

[0113] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communications system 200 can implement aspects of wireless communications system 100. For example, wireless communications system 200 can include UE 115-a and base station 105-a, which can be examples of the corresponding devices described with reference to Figure 1 Generally, wireless communications system 200 can illustrate an example of communications 205 between UE 115-a and base station 105-a.

[0114] Devices of the wireless communications system 200 can support beamforming to enhance reliability and efficiency using directional signal transmissions. In some examples, the base station 105-a can indicate one or more downlink beams 215 (e.g., via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state configured with quasi co-location (QCL) type-D properties in NR). For example, the base station 105-a can indicate the TCI state via downlink control information (DCI), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), or a medium access control layer control element (MAC-CE) message, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the UE 115-a can identify one or more QCL properties based on a default QCL assumption, for example, in a case where a scheduled offset between a scheduling PDCCH and a scheduled physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission fails to satisfy a threshold (e.g., the scheduled offset can be less than a threshold time duration). In such examples, the UE 115-a can identify QCL properties of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port for the PDSCH communication. As an illustrative example, the QCL properties of the DMRS port for the PDSCH communication can be the same as QCL properties of a lowest identified or identifier (ID) CORESET monitored in a most recent slot (e.g., a default TCI assumption). In some other examples, the scheduled offset can satisfy (e.g., be greater than or equal to) the threshold and the UE 115-a can determine the DMRS port of the PDSCH to be QCL with a reference signal (RS) in the indicated TCI state. In some examples, the threshold can vary (e.g., different thresholds can be used for cross-carrier scheduling).

[0115] The UE 115-a and the base station 105-a can perform communications 205 using various beam pairs, and the devices can transition between beams 215 during a transmission period (e.g., transition between beam 215-a and beam 215-b at the beginning of a delay 225-a). Hardware limitations of the UE 115-a can increase overhead associated with such beam switching. For example, analog beam switching for the UE 115-a can include decoding of control information, reprogramming of radio frequency software or firmware, retuning of a radio frequency front end, etc. These procedures can result in a beam switching delay 225. As such, the base station 105-a can account for the beam switching delay 225 when scheduling resources for the communications 205 between the UE 115-a and the base station 105-a. In some examples, the length of the beam switching delay 225 can be based on one or more factors. For example, if one or more parameters are preconfigured (e.g., the beam switching procedure can include a radio frequency front end delay, but can not include decoding of control information and reprogramming of radio frequency software or firmware), the delay 225 can be relatively short in duration.

[0116] In some examples, the delay 225 can be included in the duration of the cyclic prefix 230 (e.g., in NR FR2 with 120 kHz subcarrier spacing, etc.). For example, in the subcarrier spacing 210-a, the delay 225-a associated with the switch from the beam 215-a to the beam 215-b can be included in the cyclic prefix 230-b. In such examples, a device in the wireless communication system can refrain from implementing an additional switching gap (e.g., a longer time period allocated to switching beams, such as the guard time illustrated by the delay 225-b).

[0117] In some examples, devices of the wireless communication system 200 can operate in various frequency bands, and the subcarrier spacing 210 used for communication can depend on the operating frequency band. For example, in high band operations in NR systems (e.g., -60 GHz carrier frequencies or FR4 designs), the subcarrier spacing 210 can be increased to limit or prevent phase noise. As an illustrative example, a relatively higher subcarrier spacing 210-b can be 960 kHz, 1.92 MHz, 3.84 MHz, etc., although any subcarrier spacing 210 can be used. The subcarrier spacing 210 can also inform the length of the symbol 220 (e.g., OFDM symbol) and the length of the cyclic prefix 230 between adjacent symbols 220 in a transmission period. For example, as the subcarrier spacing 210 increases (e.g., to a relatively higher subcarrier spacing 210-b), the length of the symbol 220 and the length of the cyclic prefix 230 can decrease (e.g., the length of the symbol 220-d and the symbol 220-e, the length of the cyclic prefix 230-d and the cyclic prefix 230-e, or both, can be inversely proportional to the subcarrier spacing 210-b).

[0118] As illustrated in subcarrier spacing 210-a, the duration of the cyclic prefix 230 can provide a guard period in which the UE 115-a can perform a beam switch between symbols 220-a and 220-b. However, as illustrated in a relatively higher subcarrier spacing 210-b, in some examples, the cyclic prefix 230-e can not include a beam switch delay 225-b. Accordingly, some additional time gap can be provided between symbols 220-d and 220-e (e.g., an integer number of symbols 220 can be inserted between symbol 220-d and symbol 220-e in order to meet a time threshold for performing a beam switch from beam 215-c to beam 215-d). In some examples, the UE 115-a can report a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing 210, such that the base station 105-a can provide such time gaps when scheduling the UE 115-a with communication resources. The beam switch capability reported by the UE 115-a can indicate a number of beam switches that the UE 115-a can perform in one slot for a particular subcarrier spacing 210. For some subcarrier spacings, the UE 115-a can not be capable of performing a full beam switch in a slot. For example, for hardware that supports 4 or 7 beam switches for a slot with a 120 kHz subcarrier spacing, the same hardware can support 1 / 2 or 7 / 8 beam switches per slot in a 960 kHz subcarrier spacing. According to some implementations, the capabilities that a UE can report are limited to 4, 7, and 14 beam switches per slot. However, these values can be too stringent for higher subcarrier spacings, as described in the example above. Accordingly, implementations described herein can support smaller candidate values, such as 1 or 2 switches per several slots. Further, in addition to hardware limitations, switching beams can not be power efficient and can cause out-of-band emission issues.

[0119] The techniques described herein provide for enhanced capability reporting. UE 115-a can use UE capability signaling 240 to communicate one or more capability parameters 250. The one or more capability parameters 250 can indicate a number of beam switches (N) for a number of slots (M) of a transmission time interval for one or more subcarrier spacings. In some examples, the capability parameter 250 can explicitly indicate values of N and M as a pair of values (M, N). For example, UE 115-a can report any of the values {(1, 4), (1, 7), (1, 14)} as a capability. If UE 115-a reports (1, 4), the UE can perform four beam switches in one slot. These values can be examples for 120 kHz subcarrier spacing, but can also be reported for other subcarrier spacings. Further, for the same hardware capability, the values {(1, 4), (1, 7), (1, 14)} for 120 kHz can translate to {(8, 4), (8, 7), (8, 14)} for 960 kHz subcarrier spacing. It should be appreciated that other values for M and N are contemplated for various subcarrier spacings. UE 115-a can report a capability pair (M, N) for each subcarrier spacing supported by the UE. In some cases, the capability signaling can use RRC signaling and can be reported for a transmit beam, a receive beam, or both a transmit beam and a receive beam.

[0120] In some cases, instead of explicitly reporting values for M and N, the values can be implicit based on a reference subcarrier spacing. The reference subcarrier spacing can be determined as part of the beam switch capability (e.g., reported jointly) or defined / configured as a separate parameter of the one or more capability parameters 250. The reference subcarrier spacing can be separate for each subcarrier spacing or common for each subcarrier spacing supported by UE 115-a. As an example, if 120 kHz is used as the reference subcarrier spacing and the reported value for the number of beam switches (N) is one of {4, 7, 14} for 960 kHz subcarrier spacing, the reported value is translated to “every 8 slots” (M). The translation can be based on 1 slot in the reference subcarrier spacing being equivalent to 8 slots in the reported subcarrier spacing. As such, UE 115-a can report the value N without explicitly reporting M. Instead, M can be derived based on the reference subcarrier spacing, which can be a default value (e.g., configured at UE 115-a) or can be reported in the capability parameters 250. It should be appreciated that various combinations of reference subcarrier spacing and reported beam switch number can be used.

[0121] Further, instead of using a reference subcarrier spacing for indicating capabilities, UE 115-a can use a reference time duration. The reference time duration can be determined as part of the beam switching capability (e.g., reported jointly) or defined / configured as a separate parameter of one or more capability parameters 250. The reference time duration can be separate for each subcarrier spacing or common for each subcarrier spacing supported by UE 115-a. As an example, if 0.125 milliseconds is used as the reference time duration and the reported value for the number of beam switches (N) is one of {4, 7, 14} for a 960 kHz subcarrier spacing, the reported value is translated to “every 8 slots” (M). The translation can be based on 0.125 milliseconds equating to 8 slots in the reported subcarrier spacing. As such, UE 115-a can report the value N without explicitly reporting M. Instead, M can be derived based on the reference time duration, which can be a default value (e.g., configured at UE 115-a) or can be reported in the capability parameters 250. It should be understood that various combinations of reference time duration and reported beam switch number can be used. The reference time duration or reference subcarrier spacing technique can be used to report capabilities for transmit beams, receive beams, or both transmit and receive beams.

[0122] Further, to account for shorter slot / transmission durations in higher subcarrier spacing configurations, UE 115-a can report a minimum beam dwell time or beam switch delay as a capability parameter 250. The minimum beam dwell time can correspond to a minimum time duration (e.g., a threshold number of symbols) that UE 115-a should or will keep a beam together after a beam switch and before a next beam switch. The beam switch delay can correspond to a time duration that UE 115-a uses or needs to complete a beam switch operation. For example, if the reported value for the minimum beam dwell time or beam switch delay is K symbols for a subcarrier spacing, UE 115-a can not expect to perform another beam switch within K symbols after a previous beam switch. Additionally, if the minimum beam dwell time or beam switch delay report is used jointly with other enhanced beam switching capability parameters, such as M and N, the parameters can need to be consistent. For example, for reported values of M, N, and K, it can be required that K N < N slot(时隙) · M, where N slot is the total number of symbols per slot. These capabilities can be reported for transmit beams, receive beams, or both transmit and receive beams, and these capabilities can be reported for each subcarrier spacing supported by UE 115-a. The minimum beam dwell time and beam switch delay capabilities can be defined as part of the beam switching capability entity (reported jointly) or as separate UE capabilities (reported separately).

[0123] Based on the capability parameters 250 (such as explicit (M, N) pairs, N with a reference subcarrier spacing or a reference time duration, and / or minimum beam dwell time or beam switching delay) communicated to the base station 105-a using the UE capability signaling 240, the base station 105-a can schedule the communications 205. The communications can be scheduled such that the UE 115-a has sufficient time to perform beam switching between each slot or a number of slots. More specifically, the base station 105-a can employ one or more time gaps to schedule the communications 205 to account for the reported capabilities. These various parameters can be reported using explicit values, using indices corresponding to a lookup table, and / or the like.

[0124] Figure 3 An example of a process flow 300 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow 300 can implement aspects of wireless communications system 100. Process flow 300 includes a base station 105-b and a UE 115-b, which can be examples of the corresponding devices of Figure 1 and 2 .

[0125] At 305, the UE 115-a can identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between the UE and a base station. In some examples, the beam switching capability can indicate a number of beam switches for a plurality of slots of a transmission time interval. In some examples, the beam switching capability can indicate a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both. The capability can be based on a hardware configuration of the UE 115-b.

[0126] At 310, the UE 115-b can determine one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for the identified beam switching capability. In one example, the UE 115-a can determine a value (e.g., N) indicating a number of beam switches the UE 115-a is capable of performing every second value (e.g., M), the second value indicating a number of slots. In another example, the UE 115-a can determine a number of beam switches relative to a reference subcarrier spacing or relative to a reference time duration. As such, the value N can be determined relative to a reference subcarrier spacing or a reference time duration. In other examples, the UE 115-a can determine a value indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both.

[0127] At 315, UE 115-b can transmit the determined one or more parameter values to base station 105-b in UE capability signaling. The UE capability signaling can be RRC signaling (e.g., the RRC signaling includes a UE capability report). As mentioned above, UE 115-a can transmit a pair of values (M, N), a value N relative to a reference subcarrier spacing or time duration, or a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with a subcarrier spacing or a beam switch time for a subcarrier spacing. In some cases, the one or more parameters are used to report a reference subcarrier spacing or a reference time duration. These parameters can be reported for each subcarrier spacing and for a transmit beam, a receive beam, or both a transmit beam and a receive beam.

[0128] At 320, UE 115-b communicates with the base station according to the identified beam switch capabilities. Base station 105-b can schedule communications based on the received capability parameters.

[0129] Figure 4 A block diagram 400 of a device 405 that supports beam switch capabilities for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 405 can be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 405 can include a receiver 410, a communications manager 415, and a transmitter 420. The device 405 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0130] The receiver 410 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switch capabilities for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 405. The receiver 410 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 720 described with reference to FIG. 7. The receiver 410 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. Figure 7

[0131] ​The communication manager 415 can identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, used for communications between a UE and a base station, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval, determine, for the identified beam switching capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability, transmit, to the base station, the determined one or more parameter values in a UE capability signaling, and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability. The communication manager 415 can also identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, used for communications between a UE and a base station, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, determine, for the identified beam switching capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability, transmit, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values, and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability. The communication manager 415 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 710 described herein.

[0132] The communication manager 415, or its sub-components, can be implemented in hardware, code (for example, software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 415, or its sub-components can be executed by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field- programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0133] The communication manager 415, or its sub-components, can be physically located at various positions, including being distributed so that functions of one or more components can be implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components. In some examples, the communication manager 415, or its sub-components, can be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the communication manager 415, or its sub-components, can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input / output (I / O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0134] The transmitter 420 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 405. In some examples, the transmitter 420 can be collocated with a receiver 410 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 420 can be an example of aspects of the transmitter 720 described with reference to FIG. 7. The transmitter 420 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. Figure 7 The receiver 410 can receive information such as packets, messages, and data ital, or control signals conveyed in a wireless manner. The receiver 410 can be configured to operate over a wireless medium. The receiver 410 can be a example of aspects of the receiver 710 described with reference to FIG. 7. The receiver 410 can be collocated with a transmitter 420 in a transceiver module. The receiver 410 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0135] In some examples, the communications manager 415 can be implemented as an integrated circuit or chipset for a mobile device modem, and the receiver 410 and transmitter 420 can be implemented as analog components (e.g., amplifiers, filters, antennas) coupled with the mobile device modem to enable wireless transmission and reception over one or more frequency bands.

[0136] The communications manager 415 as described herein can be implemented to realize one or more potential advantages. One implementation can allow the device 405 to more efficiently determine and convey beam switching capabilities. For example, the device 405 can identify a capability, report the capability, and communicate with a base station in accordance with the reported capability.

[0137] Based on implementing the capability reporting techniques as described herein, a processor of a UE 115 (e.g., controlling the receiver 410, transmitter 420, or transceiver 720 as described with reference to Figure 7 may improve reliability and reduce signaling overhead based on reporting of capabilities. That is, since the UE 115 can have enhanced capability reporting, the UE can be able to communicate with a base station in accordance with the capabilities.

[0138] Figure 5 A block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports beam switching capabilities for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 505 can be an example of aspects of a device 405 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 can include a receiver 510, a communications manager 515, and a transmitter 540. The device 505 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0139] The receiver 510 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switching capabilities for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 720 described with reference to Figure 7 The receiver 510 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0140] The communications manager 515 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 415 as described herein. The communications manager 515 can include a capability component 520, a capability parameter component 525, a capability interface 530, and a communication interface 535. The communications manager 515 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 710 described herein.

[0141] The capability component 520 can identify a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE and the base station, the beam switch capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval.

[0142] The capability parameter component 525 can determine, for the identified beam switch capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability.

[0143] The capability interface 530 can transmit the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in a UE capability signaling. The communication interface 535 can communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0144] The capability component 520 can identify a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE and the base station, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both.

[0145] The capability parameter component 525 can determine, for the identified beam switch capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability.

[0146] The capability interface 530 can transmit, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values. The communication interface 535 can communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0147] The transmitter 540 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 505. In some examples, the transmitter 540 can be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 540 can be an example of aspects of the transmitter 720 described with reference to FIG. 7. The transmitter 540 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. Figure 7

[0148] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 of a communications manager 605 that supports beam switch capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communications manager 605 can be an example of aspects of a communications manager 415, a communications manager 515, or a communications manager 710 described herein. The communications manager 605 can include a capability component 610, a capability parameter component 615, a capability interface 620, a communication interface 625, a beam switch number component 630, a number of slots component 635, a reference subcarrier spacing (SCS) component 640, and a reference time duration component 645. Each of these modules can communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0149] ​The capability component 610 can identify a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE and the base station, the beam switch capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval.

[0150] In some examples, the capability component 610 can identify a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE and the base station, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both.

[0151] In some cases, the transmission time interval is a 1 millisecond subframe transmission time interval. The capability parameter component 615 can determine, for the identified beam switch capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability.

[0152] In some examples, the capability parameter component 615 can determine, for the identified beam switch capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability. The capability interface 620 can transmit the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in UE capability signaling.

[0153] In some examples, the capability interface 620 can transmit an indication of the determined one or more parameter values to the base station. In some examples, the capability interface 620 can transmit the determined one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0154] In some examples, the capability interface 620 can transmit, in UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability for each subcarrier spacing of the set of subcarrier spacings. In some examples, the capability interface 620 can transmit the determined one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0155] In some examples, the capability interface 620 can transmit, in UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability for each subcarrier spacing of the set of subcarrier spacings. In some cases, the one or more parameter values indicate a number of receive beam switches, a number of transmit beam switches, or both.

[0156] In some cases, the one or more parameter values indicate a beam switch capability for a receive beam, a transmit beam, or both. The communication interface 625 can communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability.

[0157] In some examples, the communication interface 625 can communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability. The beam switch number component 630 can determine a value of a first parameter indicating a number of beam switches.

[0158] The number of slots component 635 can determine a value of a second parameter indicating a number of slots in the set of slots, where the value of the first parameter and the value of the second parameter are transmitted to the base station.

[0159] The reference SCS component 640 can identify a number of beam switches for the set of slots based on a reference subcarrier spacing, where the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on the reference subcarrier spacing.

[0160] In some cases, the reference subcarrier spacing is indicated by the one or more parameter values. In some cases, the reference subcarrier spacing is a default reference subcarrier spacing. In some cases, the reference subcarrier spacing is a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz.

[0161] The reference time duration component 645 can identify a number of beam switches for the set of slots based on a reference time duration, where the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on the reference time duration.

[0162] In some cases, the reference time duration is indicated by the one or more parameter values. In some cases, the reference time duration is a default reference time duration. In some cases, the reference time duration is a time duration of 0.125 milliseconds.

[0163] Figure 7 A diagram illustrating a system 700 including a device 705 that supports beam switch capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 705 can be an example of or include the components of device 405, device 505, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 can include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager 710, an I / O controller 715, a transceiver 720, an antenna 725, memory 730, and a processor 740. These components can be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 745).

[0164] The communication manager 710 can identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between a UE and a base station, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval, determine, for the identified beam switching capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability, transmit the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in a UE capability signaling, and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability. The communication manager 710 can also identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between a UE and a base station, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, determine, for the identified beam switching capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability, transmit, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values, and communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability.

[0165] The I / O controller 715 can manage input and output signals for the device 705. The I / O controller 715 can also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the I / O controller 715 can represent a physical connection or port to or another known operating system. In other cases, the I / O controller 715 can represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or similar devices. In some cases, the I / O controller 715 can be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user can interact with the device 705 via the I / O controller 715 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 715.

[0166] The transceiver 720 can communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 720 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 720 can also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas.

[0167] In some cases, the wireless device can include a single antenna 725. However, in some cases the device can have more than one antenna 725, which can be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0168] Memory 730 can include RAM and ROM. The memory 730 can store computer-readable, computer-executable code 735 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 730 can contain, among other computer-readable or computer- executable instructions, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which can control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0169] The processor 740 can include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general- purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 740 can be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, a memory controller can be integrated into the processor 740. The processor 740 can be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 730) to cause the device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing).

[0170] The code 735 can include instructions for implementing aspects of the present disclosure including instructions for support wireless communications. The code 735 can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 735 can not be directly executable by the processor 740 but can cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein.

[0171] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 can be an example of aspects of a base station 105 as described herein. The device 805 can include a receiver 810, a communications manager 815, and a transmitter 820. The device 805 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0172] The receiver 810 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1120 described with reference to FIG. 11. The receiver 810 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. Figure 11 The transmitter 820 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 820 can transmit information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). The

[0173] The communications manager 815 can identify a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communications between a base station and a UE, receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots, and communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability. The communications manager 815 can also identify a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communications between a base station and a UE, receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, and communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability. The communications manager 815 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1110 described herein.

[0174] The communications manager 815, or its sub-components, can be implemented in hardware, code (for example, software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 815, or its sub-components can be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0175] The communications manager 815, or its sub-components, can be physically located in various places in the apparatus including but not limited to centralized computing devices, decentralized computing devices, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an on-board computer, an off-board computer, a server computer, a destination computing device, a mobile computer, a networked computer, a workstation computer, a computer server, a handheld computer, a smartphone computer, a network router, a network bridge, a web appliance, a network switch, a network hub, a network bridge, a web server, a network server, a server computer, a device having one or more processors, or any combination thereof. In some examples, according to various aspects of the disclosure, the communications manager 815 or its sub-components can be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communications manager 815 or its sub-components can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input / output (I / O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0176] The transmitter 820 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 805. In some examples, the transmitter 820 can be collocated with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 820 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1120 described with reference to FIG. 11. The transmitter 820 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. Figure 11

[0177] Figure 9 ​A block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 905 can be an example of aspects of a device 805 or a base station 105 as described herein. The device 905 can include a receiver 910, a communications manager 915, and a transmitter 935. The device 905 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0178] The receiver 910 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1120 described with reference to Figure 11 The transmitter 935 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 905. In some examples, the transmitter 935 can be collocated with the receiver 910 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 935 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1120 described with reference to

[0179] The communications manager 915 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 815 as described herein. The communications manager 915 can include a SCS component 920, a capability interface 925, and a communication interface 930. The communications manager 915 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1110 described herein.

[0180] The SCS component 920 can identify a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between a base station and a UE. The capability interface 925 can receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots. The communication interface 930 can communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability. The SCS component 920 can identify a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between a base station and a UE.

[0181] The capability interface 925 can receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both. The communication interface 930 can communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0182] The transmitter 935 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 905. In some examples, the transmitter 935 can be collocated with the receiver 910 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 935 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1120 described with reference to Figure 11Examples of the described transceiver 1120. The transmitter 935 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0183] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 of a communications manager 1005 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communications manager 1005 can be an example of aspects of a communications manager 815, a communications manager 915, or a communications manager 1110 described herein. The communications manager 1005 can include a SCS component 1010, a capability interface 1015, a communication interface 1020, a beam switch number component 1025, a slot number component 1030, a reference SCS component 1035, a reference time duration component 1040, a capability component 1045, and a capability parameter component 1050. Each of these modules can communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0184] The SCS component 1010 can identify a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communications between a base station and a UE. In some examples, the SCS component 1010 can identify a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communications between a base station and a UE.

[0185] The capability interface 1015 can receive, from a UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots.

[0186] In some examples, the capability interface 1015 can receive, from a UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both. In some examples, the capability interface 1015 can receive the one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0187] In some examples, the capability interface 1015 can receive, in UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier spacing, of the set of subcarrier spacings. In some examples, the capability interface 1015 can receive the one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0188] In some examples, the capability interface 1015 can receive, in UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier spacing, of the set of subcarrier spacings.

[0189] The communication interface 1020 can communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0190] In some examples, the communication interface 1020 can communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0191] The beam switch number component 1025 can receive a first value of a first parameter indicating a number of beam switches.

[0192] The slot number component 1030 can receive a value of a second parameter indicating a number of slots in the set of slots, where the value of the first parameter and the value of the second parameter are transmitted to the base station.

[0193] The reference SCS component 1035 can identify a number of beam switches for the set of slots based on a reference subcarrier spacing, where the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on the reference subcarrier spacing. In some cases, the reference subcarrier spacing is indicated by the one or more parameter values. In some cases, the reference subcarrier spacing is a default reference subcarrier spacing. In some cases, the reference subcarrier spacing is a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz.

[0194] The reference time duration component 1040 can identify a number of beam switches for the set of slots based on a reference time duration, where the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the set of slots based on the reference time duration.

[0195] In some cases, the reference time duration is indicated by the one or more parameter values. In some cases, the reference time duration is a default reference time duration. In some cases, the reference time duration is a time duration of 0.125 milliseconds.

[0196] The capability component 1045 can receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both. In some cases, the transmission time interval is a subframe transmission time interval of 1 millisecond.

[0197] The capability parameter component 1050 can identify that the one or more parameter values indicate a number of receive beam switches, a number of transmit beam switches, or both.

[0198] In some cases, the one or more parameter values indicate a number of receive beam switches, a number of transmit beam switches, or both. In some cases, the one or more parameter values indicate a beam switching capability for a receive beam, a transmit beam, or both.

[0199] Figure 11 A diagram illustrating a system 1100 including a device 1105 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1105 can be an example of or include the components of device 805, device 905, or a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1105 can include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager 1110, a network communications manager 1115, a transceiver 1120, an antenna 1125, memory 1130, a processor 1140, and an inter-station communications manager 1145. These components can be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1150).

[0200] The communications manager 1110 can identify a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communications between a base station and a UE, receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots, and communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability. The communications manager 1110 can also identify a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communications between a base station and a UE, receive, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both, and communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0201] The network communications manager 1115 can manage communications with a core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1115 can manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115.

[0202] The transceiver 1120 can communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 1120 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1120 can also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas.

[0203] In some cases, the wireless device can include a single antenna 1125. However, in some cases the device can have more than one antenna 1125, which can be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0204] Memory 1130 can include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1130 can store computer-readable code 1135 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1140), cause the device to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1130 can include, for example, a BIOS, which can control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0205] Processor 1140 can include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general- purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1140 can be configured to operate a memory array. In some cases, a memory controller can be integrated into processor 1140. Processor 1140 can be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1130) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing).

[0206] Inter-station communications manager 1145 can manage communications with other base station 105, and can include a controller or scheduler for controlling

[0207] Code 1135 can include instructions for implementing aspects of the present disclosure including instructions for supporting wireless communications. Code 1135 can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, code 1135 can not be directly executable by the processor 1140 but can cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein.

[0208] Figure 12 A method 1200 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown and described. Operations of method 1200 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1200 can be implemented by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1, 2, and 4-7. Figures 4 to 7The described communication manager performs. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control its functional elements to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE can perform various aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0209] At 1205, the UE can identify a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE and the base station, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots of a transmission time interval. The operations of 1205 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 can be performed by a capability component as described with reference to Figures 4 to 7

[0210] At 1210, the UE can determine one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for the identified beam switching capability. The operations of 1210 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 can be performed by a capability parameter component as described with reference to Figures 4 to 7

[0211] At 1215, the UE can transmit the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in UE capability signaling. The operations of 1215 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 can be performed by a capability interface as described with reference to Figures 4 to 7

[0212] At 1220, the UE can communicate with the base station according to the identified beam switching capability. The operations of 1220 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1220 can be performed by a communication interface as described with reference to Figures 4 to 7

[0213] Figure 13 A method 1300 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown. The operations of method 1300 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1300 can be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 4 to 7 The described communication manager performs. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control its functional elements to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE can perform various aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0214] ​​​​At 1305, the UE can identify a beam switch capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the UE and a base station, the beam switch capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switch operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switch time for the subcarrier spacing, or both. The operations of 1305 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 can be performed by a capability component as described with reference to Figures 4 to 7

[0215] At 1310, the UE can determine one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability for the identified beam switch capability. The operations of 1310 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 can be performed by a capability parameter component as described with reference to Figures 4 to 7

[0216] At 1315, the UE can transmit, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values. The operations of 1315 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 can be performed by a capability interface as described with reference to Figures 4 to 7

[0217] At 1320, the UE can communicate with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switch capability. The operations of 1320 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 can be performed by a communication interface as described with reference to Figure 14

[0218] Figures 8 to 11 A method 1400 that supports beam switch capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown that illustrates aspects in accordance with the present disclosure. The operations of method 1400 can be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1400 can be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11

[0219] At 1405, the base station can identify a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings used for communications between the base station and a UE. The operations of 1405 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 can be performed by a SCS component as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11

[0220] ​​​​​​At 1410, the base station can receive, from a UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a set of slots. The operations of 1410 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 can be performed by a capability interface as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 FIG. 19.

[0221] At 1415, the base station can communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability. The operations of 1415 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 can be performed by a communication interface as described with reference to Figure 15 FIG. 19.

[0222] Figures 8 to 11 A method 1500 that supports beam switching capability for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown and described. The operations of method 1500 can be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1500 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 FIG. 19. In some examples, a base station can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0223] At 1505, the base station can identify a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between the base station and a UE. The operations of 1505 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 can be performed by a SCS component as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 FIG. 19.

[0224] At 1510, the base station can receive, from a UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both. The operations of 1510 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 can be performed by a capability interface as described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 FIG. 19.

[0225] At 1515, the base station can communicate with the UE based on the indicated beam switching capability. The operations of 1515 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 can be performed by a communication interface as described with reference to ​ FIG. 19.

[0226] The following provides an overview of aspects of the disclosure:

[0227] Aspect 1 : A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: identifying a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between the UE and a base station, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a plurality of slots of a transmission time interval; determining one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for the identified beam switching capability; transmitting the determined one or more parameter values to the base station in a UE capability signaling; and communicating with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability.

[0228] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein determining the one or more parameter values comprises: determining a value of a first parameter indicating the number of beam switches; and determining a value of a second parameter indicating a number of slots of the plurality of slots, wherein the value of the first parameter and the value of the second parameter are transmitted to the base station.

[0229] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1-2, wherein determining the one or more parameter values comprises: identifying the number of beam switches for the plurality of slots based at least in part on a reference subcarrier spacing, wherein the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the plurality of slots based at least in part on the reference subcarrier spacing.

[0230] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein the reference subcarrier spacing is indicated by the one or more parameter values, or the reference subcarrier spacing is a default reference subcarrier spacing.

[0231] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1-2, wherein determining the one or more parameter values comprises: identifying the number of beam switches for the plurality of slots based at least in part on a reference time duration, wherein the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the plurality of slots based at least in part on the reference time duration.

[0232] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 5, wherein the reference time duration is indicated by the one or more parameter values, or the reference time duration is a default reference time duration.

[0233] Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 5-6, wherein the reference time duration is a time duration of 0.125 milliseconds.

[0234] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1-7, wherein transmitting the determined one or more parameter values comprises: transmitting the determined one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0235] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, further comprising: transmitting, in the UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for each of the set of subcarrier spacings.

[0236] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1 through 9, wherein the transmission time interval is a 1 millisecond subframe transmission time interval.

[0237] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein the one or more parameter values indicate a number of receive beam switches, a number of transmit beam switches, or both.

[0238] Aspect 12: A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising: identifying a beam switching capability for a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communications between the UE and a base station, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both; determining, for the identified beam switching capability, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability; transmitting, to the base station, an indication of the determined one or more parameter values; and communicating with the base station in accordance with the identified beam switching capability.

[0239] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein transmitting the determined one or more parameter values comprises: transmitting the determined one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0240] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 12 through 13, further comprising: transmitting, in the UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for each of the set of subcarrier spacings.

[0241] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 12 through 14, wherein the one or more parameter values indicate a beam switching capability for a receive beam, a transmit beam, or both.

[0242] Aspect 16: A method of wireless communication at a base station, comprising: identifying a subcarrier spacing, of a set of subcarrier spacings, for communications between the base station and a UE; receiving, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a number of beam switches for a plurality of slots; and communicating with the UE based at least in part on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0243] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein receiving the one or more parameter values comprises: receiving a first value of a first parameter indicating a number of beam switches; and receiving a value of a second parameter indicating a number of slots in the plurality of slots, wherein the value of the first parameter and the value of the second parameter are communicated to the base station.

[0244] Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 16-17, further comprising: identifying a number of beam switches for the plurality of slots based at least in part on a reference subcarrier spacing, wherein the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the plurality of slots based at least in part on the reference subcarrier spacing.

[0245] Aspect 19: The method of aspect 18, wherein the reference subcarrier spacing is indicated by the one or more parameter values, or the reference subcarrier spacing is a default reference subcarrier spacing.

[0246] Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 16-17, further comprising: identifying a number of beam switches for the plurality of slots based at least in part on a reference time duration, wherein the one or more parameter values indicate the number of beam switches for the plurality of slots based at least in part on the reference time duration.

[0247] Aspect 21: The method of aspect 20, wherein the reference time duration is indicated by the one or more parameter values, or the reference time duration is a default reference time duration.

[0248] Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 20-21, wherein the reference time duration is a time duration of 0.125 milliseconds.

[0249] Aspect 23: The method of any of aspects 16-22, wherein receiving the one or more parameter values comprises: receiving the one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0250] Aspect 24: The method of any of aspects 16-23, further comprising: receiving the one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switch capability for each subcarrier spacing in the set of subcarrier spacings in UE capability signaling.

[0251] Aspect 25: The method of any of aspects 16-24, wherein the transmission time interval is a subframe transmission time interval of 1 millisecond.

[0252] Aspect 26: The method of any of aspects 16-25, wherein the one or more parameter values indicate a number of receive beam switches, a number of transmit beam switches, or both.

[0253] Aspect 27: A method of wireless communication at a base station, comprising: identifying a subcarrier spacing of a set of subcarrier spacings for communications between the base station and a UE; receiving, from the UE, one or more parameter values indicating a beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations associated with the subcarrier spacing, or a beam switching time for the subcarrier spacing, or both; and communicating with the UE based at least in part on the indicated beam switching capability.

[0254] Aspect 28: The method of Aspect 27, wherein receiving the one or more parameter values comprises: receiving the one or more parameter values using radio resource control signaling.

[0255] Aspect 29: The method of any of Aspects 27-28, further comprising: receiving, in UE capability signaling, one or more parameter values indicating the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier spacing of the set of subcarrier spacings.

[0256] Aspect 30: The method of any of Aspects 27-29, wherein the one or more parameter values indicate a beam switching capability for a receive beam, a transmit beam, or both.

[0257] Aspect 31: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of Aspects 1-11.

[0258] Aspect 32: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any of Aspects 1-11.

[0259] Aspect 33: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of Aspects 1-11.

[0260] Aspect 34: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of Aspects 12-15.

[0261] Aspect 35: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any of Aspects 12-15.

[0262] Aspect 36: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 12 through 15.

[0263] Aspect 37: An apparatus comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method of any of aspects 16 through 26.

[0264] Aspect 38: An apparatus comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 16 through 26.

[0265] Aspect 39: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 16 through 26.

[0266] Aspect 40: An apparatus comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method of any of aspects 27 through 30.

[0267] Aspect 41: An apparatus comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 27 through 30.

[0268] Aspect 42: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 27 through 30.

[0269] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods can be combined.

[0270] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system can be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology can be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques can be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and others.

[0271] Information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that can be referenced throughout the description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0272] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein can be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0273] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions can also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0274] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0275] As used herein, including in the claims “or” as used in a list of items (for example, a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of’ or “one or more of’) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” can be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on.”

[0276] In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to items of like functionality. In addition, the various features of the figures can be identified, where appropriate, with a letter or number that appears in italics and follows a description of the item in the first paragraph of the respective section that the item appears in. If only the first reference numeral is used in the description, the description can apply to any one, or combination, of the similar components identified with the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second, or subsequent, reference numerals.

[0277] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration,” and not “preferred” over other examples. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0278] The description herein is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: Identifies the beam switching capability for a subcarrier interval in the subcarrier interval set used for communication between the UE and the network entity, the beam switching capability indicating the number of beam switches for multiple time slots within a transmission time interval; For the identified beam switching capability, determine one or more parameter values ​​indicating the identified beam switching capability, wherein the one or more parameter values ​​include a first parameter value indicating the number of beam switching and a second parameter value indicating the number of time slots in the plurality of time slots; In the UE capability signaling, one or more determined parameter values ​​are transmitted to the network entity; as well as Communicate with the network entity based on the identified beam switching capability.

2. The method as described in claim 1, wherein, Determining the one or more parameter values ​​includes: The number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots is identified at least in part based on a reference subcarrier spacing, wherein one or more parameter values ​​are at least in part based on the reference subcarrier spacing to indicate the number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots.

3. The method as described in claim 2, wherein, The reference subcarrier spacing is indicated by one or more parameter values, or the reference subcarrier spacing is a default reference subcarrier spacing.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Determining the one or more parameter values ​​includes: The number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots is identified at least in part based on a reference time duration, wherein one or more parameter values ​​indicate the number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots at least in part based on the reference time duration.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The reference time duration is indicated by one or more parameter values, or the reference time duration is a default reference time duration.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein, The reference time duration is 0.125 milliseconds.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The transmission of one or more parameter values ​​determined includes: Radio resource control signaling is used to transmit one or more of the determined parameter values.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: The UE capability signaling transmits one or more parameter values ​​indicating the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier interval in the set of subcarrier intervals.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, The transmission time interval is a 1-millisecond subframe transmission time interval.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein, The one or more parameter values ​​indicate the number of receive beam switching, the number of transmit beam switching, or both.

11. A method for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising: The subcarrier spacing in the subcarrier spacing set is used for communication between the network entity and the user equipment (UE); Receive one or more parameter values, the one or more parameter values ​​indicating the beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating the number of beam switches for a plurality of time slots within a transmission time interval, wherein the one or more parameter values ​​include a first parameter value indicating the number of beam switches and a second parameter value indicating the number of time slots in the plurality of time slots; and The communication with the UE is based at least in part on the indicated beam switching capability.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: The number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots is identified at least in part based on a reference subcarrier spacing, wherein one or more parameter values ​​are at least in part based on the reference subcarrier spacing to indicate the number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The reference subcarrier spacing is indicated by one or more parameter values, or the reference subcarrier spacing is a default reference subcarrier spacing.

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising: The number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots is identified at least in part based on a reference time duration, wherein one or more parameter values ​​indicate the number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots at least in part based on the reference time duration.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The reference time duration is indicated by one or more parameter values, or the reference time duration is a default reference time duration.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein, The reference time duration is 0.125 milliseconds.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein, Receiving one or more parameter values ​​includes: The one or more parameter values ​​are received using radio resource control signaling.

18. The method of claim 11, further comprising: Receive one or more parameter values ​​in the UE capability signaling that indicate the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier interval in the set of subcarrier intervals.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein, The transmission time interval is a 1-millisecond subframe transmission time interval.

20. The method of claim 11, wherein, The one or more parameter values ​​indicate the number of receive beam switching, the number of transmit beam switching, or both.

21. An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising: processor; A memory coupled to the processor, wherein instructions are stored, which can be executed by the processor to cause the device to: Identifies the beam switching capability for a subcarrier interval in the subcarrier interval set used for communication between the UE and the network entity, the beam switching capability indicating the number of beam switches for multiple time slots within a transmission time interval; For the identified beam switching capability, determine one or more parameter values ​​indicating the identified beam switching capability, wherein the one or more parameter values ​​include a first parameter value indicating the number of beam switching and a second parameter value indicating the number of time slots in the plurality of time slots; In the UE capability signaling, one or more determined parameter values ​​are transmitted to the network entity; as well as Communicate with the network entity based on the identified beam switching capability.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein, Instructions for causing the device to determine the values ​​of the one or more parameters include instructions for causing the device to perform the following operations: The number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots is identified at least in part based on a reference subcarrier spacing, wherein one or more parameter values ​​are at least in part based on the reference subcarrier spacing to indicate the number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein, The reference subcarrier spacing is indicated by one or more parameter values, or the reference subcarrier spacing is a default reference subcarrier spacing.

24. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein, Instructions for causing the device to determine the values ​​of the one or more parameters include instructions for causing the device to perform the following operations: The number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots is identified at least in part based on a reference time duration, wherein one or more parameter values ​​indicate the number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots at least in part based on the reference time duration.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein, The reference time duration is indicated by one or more parameter values, or the reference time duration is a default reference time duration.

26. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein, The reference time duration is 0.125 milliseconds.

27. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein, Instructions for causing the device to transmit one or more determined parameter values ​​include instructions for causing the device to perform the following operations: Radio resource control signaling is used to transmit one or more of the determined parameter values.

28. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The UE capability signaling transmits one or more parameter values ​​indicating the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier interval in the set of subcarrier intervals.

29. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein, The transmission time interval is a 1-millisecond subframe transmission time interval.

30. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein, The one or more parameter values ​​indicate the number of receive beam switching, the number of transmit beam switching, or both.

31. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, the apparatus comprising: processor; A memory coupled to the processor, wherein instructions are stored, which can be executed by the processor to cause the device to: The subcarrier spacing in the subcarrier spacing set is used for communication between the network entity and the user equipment (UE); Receive one or more parameter values, the one or more parameter values ​​indicating the beam switching capability of the UE corresponding to the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating the number of beam switches for a plurality of time slots within a transmission time interval, wherein the one or more parameter values ​​include a first parameter value indicating the number of beam switches and a second parameter value indicating the number of time slots in the plurality of time slots; and The communication with the UE is based at least in part on the indicated beam switching capability.

32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots is identified at least in part based on a reference subcarrier spacing, wherein one or more parameter values ​​are at least in part based on the reference subcarrier spacing to indicate the number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots.

33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein, The reference subcarrier spacing is indicated by one or more parameter values, or the reference subcarrier spacing is a default reference subcarrier spacing.

34. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: The number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots is identified at least in part based on a reference time duration, wherein one or more parameter values ​​indicate the number of beam switching for the plurality of time slots at least in part based on the reference time duration.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein, The reference time duration is indicated by one or more parameter values, or the reference time duration is a default reference time duration.

36. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein, The reference time duration is 0.125 milliseconds.

37. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein, Instructions for causing the device to receive the one or more parameter values ​​include instructions for causing the device to perform the following operations: The one or more parameter values ​​are received using radio resource control signaling.

38. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Receive one or more parameter values ​​in the UE capability signaling that indicate the identified beam switching capability for each subcarrier interval in the set of subcarrier intervals.

39. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein, The transmission time interval is a 1-millisecond subframe transmission time interval.

40. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein, The one or more parameter values ​​indicate the number of receive beam switching, the number of transmit beam switching, or both.

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