A method for identifying household electrical appliances and an intelligent electricity meter

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for identifying household electrical appliances and an intelligent electric meter. The identification and analysis method includes: obtaining a power change sequence monitored during the occurrence of an electricity consumption event, as well as a corresponding time change sequence and electricity consumption change sequence of the power change sequence; determining several opening and closing events of the electrical appliance according to the power change sequence; calculating the electricity consumption duration, electricity consumption period and electricity consumption of each opening and closing event according to the time change sequence and the electricity consumption change sequence; using several opening and closing events of the electrical appliance within a preset time period to form an event set, and taking the evaluation index of each opening and closing event; constructing an event evaluation index matrix according to the event set and the evaluation index set of each opening and closing event, and comparing and analyzing the event evaluation index matrix with the data in the database to identify the electrical appliance types of each electrical appliance; this solution enhances the intelligent application of the electric meter and is conducive to improving the user's awareness of electricity consumption and power saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent electricity meter energy consumption monitoring, and in particular to a method for identifying household electrical appliances and an intelligent electricity meter. Background Art

[0002] An intelligent electricity meter is one of the basic devices for data collection in an intelligent power grid, undertaking the tasks of collecting, measuring, and transmitting original electrical energy data, and is the basis for realizing information integration, analysis and optimization, and information display.

[0003] Currently, most household electricity meters mainly focus on collecting and transmitting electricity quantity data, and it is impossible to classify, identify, and record the electricity consumption of different electrical appliances in the household. There is still room for further improvement in energy conservation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for identifying household electrical appliances and an intelligent electricity meter, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot classify and record different electrical appliances.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, a method for identifying household electrical appliances is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Obtain the power change sequence monitored during the occurrence of an electricity consumption event, as well as the corresponding time change sequence and electricity consumption change sequence of the power change sequence;

[0008] S2: Determine several opening and closing events of the electrical appliance according to the power change sequence, where the opening and closing event is the entire process of an electrical appliance from turning on to turning off;

[0009] S3: Calculate the electricity consumption duration, electricity consumption period, and electricity consumption of each opening and closing event according to the time change sequence and electricity consumption change sequence;

[0010] S4: Use several opening and closing events of the electrical appliance within a preset time period to form an event set, and use the voltage, current, power, electricity consumption duration, electricity consumption period, and electricity consumption of each opening and closing event as the evaluation indexes of the opening and closing event;

[0011] S5: Construct an event evaluation index matrix according to the event set and the evaluation index set of each opening and closing event, and compare and analyze the event evaluation index matrix with the data in the database to identify the electrical appliance types of each electrical appliance.

[0012] In the second aspect, an intelligent electricity meter applied to the method for identifying household electrical appliances is provided, which includes:

[0013] An identification module, which is used to identify the current, voltage and power of an electrical device, obtain the power change sequence monitored during the occurrence of an electrical event, and transmit the data to the data processing module;

[0014] An electricity meter module, which is used to obtain the electricity consumption change sequence corresponding to the power change sequence, and transmit the data to the data processing module;

[0015] A timing module, which is used to obtain the time change sequence corresponding to the power change sequence, and transmit the data to the data processing module;

[0016] A data processing module, which is used to receive the data from the identification module, the electricity meter module and the timing module, determine several opening and closing events of the electrical device according to the power change sequence, where the opening and closing event is the whole process of an electrical device from turning on to turning off; calculate the electricity consumption duration, electricity consumption period and electricity consumption of each opening and closing event according to the time change sequence and the electricity consumption change sequence; use several opening and closing events of the electrical device within a preset time period to form an event set, and use the voltage, current, power, electricity consumption duration, electricity consumption period and electricity consumption of each opening and closing event as the evaluation indexes of the opening and closing event; construct an event evaluation index matrix according to the event set and the evaluation index set of each opening and closing event, and compare and analyze the event evaluation index matrix with the data in the database to identify the electrical types of each electrical device;

[0017] A networking module, which is used to receive the data from the data processing module and transmit the data to a remote terminal through networking;

[0018] A power supply module, which is used to supply power to the identification module, the electricity meter module, the timing module, the data processing module and the networking module.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] This solution collects the electricity consumption information at different times, including electricity consumption power, electricity consumption, current, voltage, electricity consumption period and electricity consumption duration, establishes an algorithm model, compares and analyzes it with the data in the database, deduces the electrical types of each electrical device, records the electricity consumption information of each electrical device, and transmits the information to the Internet through the networking module, so that users can remotely know the specific situation of household electricity consumption through a mobile terminal; this solution enhances the intelligent application of the electricity meter and is conducive to improving users' awareness of electricity consumption and energy conservation. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for identifying household electrical devices.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a module diagram of an intelligent electricity meter. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art of this technology. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those ordinary skilled in the art of this technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 shows a flowchart of a method for identifying household electrical appliances; as Figure 1 shown, the method includes steps S1 to S5.

[0025] The method for identifying household electrical appliances in this solution includes the following steps:

[0026] In step S1, obtain the power change sequence monitored during the occurrence of the power consumption event, as well as the corresponding time change sequence and power consumption change sequence of the power change sequence;

[0027] In step S2, determine several opening and closing events of the electrical appliance according to the power change sequence, where the opening and closing event is the entire process of an electrical appliance from turning on to turning off;

[0028] In step S3, calculate the power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption of each opening and closing event according to the time change sequence and power consumption change sequence;

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption of each opening and closing event includes:

[0030] S11: Use a wattmeter to detect the power change sequence (P0, P1, P2, P3...P j ), where P0 = 0, use a timing module to record the corresponding time change sequence (t1, t2, t3...t j ) when the power changes, and use an electricity meter to record the corresponding power consumption change sequence (w1, w2, w3...w j );

[0031] S12: Substitute all the power change values in the power change sequence into the formula:

[0032] R k+1 = P K - P K+1 , K = 0, 1, 2, 3 …… j - 1

[0033] S13: When R K+1 < 0, enter step S14; when R K+1 > 0, enter step S15;

[0034] S14: Determine all electricity consumption characteristics when R K+1 < 0 as those of newly added electrical equipment, mark the newly added electrical equipment as X L , record the starting time T of electricity consumption of the newly added electrical equipment L = t K+1 , the electricity consumption w at the starting time L = w K+1 and the electric power P L = P K+1 - P K , where L = 1, 2, 3 …… ;

[0035] S15: Determine all electricity consumption characteristics when R K+1 > 0 as the shutdown of unknown electrical equipment, mark the unknown electrical equipment as X C , record the ending time T of electricity consumption of each unknown electrical equipment C = t K+1 , the electricity consumption w at the ending time C = w K+1 , the electric power P C = P K - P K+1 , where C = 1, 2, 3 …… ;

[0036] S16: On the premise that the K value corresponding to P C is greater than the K value corresponding to P L , compare the electric power P C corresponding to several unknown electrical equipment X C with the electric power P L corresponding to several newly added electrical equipment X L :

[0037] When P C = P L , the shutdown electrical equipment is the newly added electrical equipment X L , the electricity consumption duration of X L is T C - T L , the electricity consumption period of X L is from T L to T C , the electricity consumption of X L is w C - w L ;

[0038] When P C ≠ P L , the shutdown electrical equipment is not the newly added electrical equipment X L .

[0039] In step S4, a number of opening and closing events of the electrical equipment within a preset time period are used to form an event set, and the voltage, current, power, power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption amount of each opening and closing event constitute the evaluation indexes of the opening and closing event;

[0040] In step S5, an event evaluation index matrix is constructed according to the event set and the evaluation index set of each opening and closing event, and the event evaluation index matrix is compared and analyzed with the data in the database to identify the electrical types of each electrical equipment.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the construction method of the database includes: the database consists of m electrical equipment in the home, and the electrical consumption information of the electrical equipment includes the sequence X=(X1, X2, X3... X m ), the rated voltage sequence U=(U1, U2, U3... U m ), the rated current sequence I=(I1, I2, I3... I m ), the rated power sequence P=(P1, P2, P3... P m ), the normal power consumption duration H=(H1, H2, H3... H m ), the normal power consumption period G=(G1, G2, G3... G m ), where the normal power consumption period is an interval, and the single power consumption amount W=(W1, W2, W3... W m ) of the electrical equipment. The voltage, current, power, power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption amount corresponding to each electrical equipment constitute the standard indexes of the electrical equipment.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the identification method of the electrical type of the electrical equipment includes:

[0043] S21: Call m known types of household electrical equipment X=(X1, X2, X3... X m ) in the database, and each household electrical equipment calls n standard indexes x={x1, x2... x n} to construct a device standard index matrix Q=(x ij ), m×n where x ij represents the jth standard index value of the ith device;

[0044] S22: Use k opening and closing events of the electrical equipment within a preset time period to form an event set Y=(Y1, Y2, Y3... Y k ), and each opening and closing event calls n evaluation indexes y={y1, y2... y n} corresponding to the n standard indexes to construct an event evaluation index matrix q=(y ij )k×n , where y ij represents the j-th evaluation index value of the i-th event;

[0045] S23: Use the full-sequence method to process x ij and y ij for extreme value normalization to obtain the normalized device standard index matrix Q1 = (a ij ) m×n and the event evaluation index matrix q1 = (b ij ) k×n , where the calculation formula of the full-sequence method is:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, are respectively the maximum and minimum values of the j-th standard index value among all electrical devices.

[0048] S24: Use the distance measure method to measure the distance d ij between the evaluation index b ij in the event evaluation index matrix and the standard index a ij in the standard index matrix, construct the distance matrix D = (d ij ) k×m of k opening and closing events and m household electrical devices, find the electrical device closest to each opening and closing event, and classify the electrical devices as the electrical types of the opening and closing events; where the calculation formula of the distance measure method is:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, z and Z are the minimum and maximum values of all standard index values, q j1 , q j2 are respectively the maximum and minimum values of the standard index value in the j-th device, and w(k) is the weight vector.

[0051] In the calculation formula of the distance measure method, the optimization method of the weight vector w(k) includes:

[0052] S241: Construct the optimization index function Q(e):

[0053] Q(e) = d d (e) / s d ();

[0054]

[0055] Among them, d d (e) represents the proximity between the event index and the closest device index; s d(e) represents the distance standard deviation between the event index and each device index; e is the projection direction of the optimization index function;

[0056] S242: Use a genetic algorithm that simulates the rules of biological survival of the fittest and the mechanism of chromosome information exchange within the population to solve the minimum value of the index function Q(e);

[0057] S243: Through the minimum value of the index function Q(e), inversely deduce the optimal projection direction of e and the optimized weight vector w(k).

[0058] After identifying the electrical appliance type, classify and count the electrical equipment. The classification and counting method is as follows: According to the length of the power consumption time of the electrical equipment and the magnitude of the power consumption of the electrical equipment, the electrical equipment is divided into

[0059] 1. High-power basic electrical appliances with long time periods, such as: refrigerators, etc.;

[0060] 2. Low-power basic electrical appliances with long time periods, such as: wifi routers, optical modems, etc.;

[0061] 3. High-power non-basic electrical appliances with short time periods, such as: microwave ovens, hair dryers, etc.;

[0062] 4. Low-power non-basic electrical appliances with short time periods, such as: electric lights, mobile phone chargers, etc.

[0063] In particular, users can independently register the information of household electrical equipment and store the equipment information in the database for convenient identification and analysis. At the same time, they can also manually identify a single electrical equipment.

[0064] Such as Figure 2 As shown, this solution also provides an intelligent electric meter applied to the household electrical equipment identification method, which includes:

[0065] An identification module, used to identify the current, voltage and power of the electrical equipment, obtain the power change sequence monitored during the occurrence of the electrical event, and transmit the data to the data processing module; among them, the identification module is equipped with a current relay, and during the power connection process, the current relay will detect and protect the current.

[0066] An electric meter module, used to obtain the power consumption change sequence corresponding to the power change sequence and transmit the data to the data processing module;

[0067] A timing module, used to obtain the time change sequence corresponding to the power change sequence and transmit the data to the data processing module;

[0068] A data processing module, used to receive the data of the identification module, the electric meter module and the timing module, and determine several opening and closing events of the electrical equipment according to the power change sequence, where the opening and closing event is the entire process of an electrical equipment from turning on to turning off;

[0069] According to the time change sequence and the power consumption change sequence, calculate the power consumption duration, power consumption period and power consumption of each opening and closing event; use a number of opening and closing events of electrical equipment within a preset time period to form an event set, and use the voltage, current, power, power consumption duration, power consumption period and power consumption of each opening and closing event to constitute the evaluation index of the opening and closing event.

[0070] Construct an event evaluation index matrix according to the event set and the evaluation index set of each opening and closing event, compare and analyze the event evaluation index matrix with the data in the database, and identify the electrical appliance types of each electrical equipment.

[0071] The networking module is used to receive the data of the data processing module and transmit the data to the remote terminal through networking.

[0072] The power supply module is used to supply power to the identification module, the electric meter module, the timing module, the data processing module and the networking module.

[0073] In implementation, this solution preferably puts the data collected at this time into the area to be analyzed for further preprocessing when multiple different electrical equipment are using electricity at the same time; match the power consumption duration transmitted by the timing module, the different usage durations of different equipment at the same time and the change of the total current and voltage with the existing equipment information data, and summarize and record them in the power consumption data of the corresponding equipment type.

[0074] In summary, this solution enhances the intelligent application of the electric meter, can automatically identify the electrical appliance types of electrical equipment, record their power consumption data, and then transmit the information of the electrical equipment to the Internet through the networking module, enabling users to remotely know the specific situation of household electricity consumption through a mobile terminal, which is beneficial to improving users' awareness of electricity consumption and power saving.

Claims

1. A method for identifying household electrical appliances, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the power change sequence monitored during the occurrence of the power consumption event, as well as the corresponding time change sequence and power consumption change sequence of the power change sequence; S2: Determine several opening and closing events of the electrical equipment according to the power change sequence, where the opening and closing event is the entire process of an electrical equipment from being turned on to being turned off; S3: Calculate the power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption of each opening and closing event according to the time change sequence and power consumption change sequence; S4: Use several opening and closing events of the electrical equipment within a preset time period to form an event set, and construct the evaluation indicators of the opening and closing event with the voltage, current, power, power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption of each opening and closing event; S5: Construct an event evaluation index matrix according to the event set and the evaluation index set of each opening and closing event, and compare and analyze the event evaluation index matrix with the data in the database to identify the electrical types of each electrical equipment; The method for obtaining the power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption of each opening and closing event includes: S11: Use a wattmeter to detect the power change sequence (P0, P1, P2, P3... P j ), where P0 = 0, use a timing module to record the corresponding time change sequence (t1, t2, t3... t j ) when the power changes, and use an electricity meter to record the corresponding electricity consumption change sequence (w1, w2, w3... w j ); S12: Substitute all the power change values in the power change sequence into the formula respectively: R K+1 = P K - P K+1 where K = 0, 1, 2, 3... j - 1 S13: When R K+1 < 0, go to step S14; when R K+1 > 0, go to step S15; S14: Set all the electricity consumption characteristics when R K+1 <0 as the electricity consumption characteristics of newly added electrical equipment, mark the newly added electrical equipment as X L , record the starting time T of electricity consumption of the newly added electrical equipment L = t K+1 , the electricity consumption w at the starting time L = w K+1 and the electric power P L = P K+1 -P K , where L = 1, 2, 3...; S15: Determine that the power consumption characteristics of all R K+1 > 0 are for unknown electrical equipment being turned off, mark the unknown electrical equipment as X C , record the power consumption end time T of each unknown electrical equipment C = t K+1 , the power consumption w at the end time C = w K+1 , the power P C = P K - P K+1 , where C = 1, 2, 3...; S16: When the K value corresponding to P C is greater than the K value corresponding to P L , compare the power consumption P C corresponding to a number of unknown electrical equipment X C with the power consumption P L corresponding to a number of newly added electrical equipment X L : When P C = P L , the powered-off electrical device is the newly added electrical device X L , X L 's power consumption duration is T C -T L , X L 's power consumption period is from T L to T C , X L 's power consumption is w C -w L ; When P C ≠ P L , the turned-off electrical device is not the newly added electrical device X L ; The database consists of m electrical devices in a household. The electricity consumption information of the electrical devices includes the sequence X of the electrical devices = (X1, X2, X3... X m ), the rated voltage sequence U of the electrical devices = (U1, U2, U3... U m ), the rated current sequence I of the electrical devices = (I1, I2, I3... I m ), the rated power sequence P of the electrical devices = (P1, P2, P3... P m ), the normal electricity consumption duration H = (H1, H2, H3... H m ), the normal electricity consumption period G = (G1, G2, G3... G m ), where the normal electricity consumption period is an interval, and the single electricity consumption W of the electrical devices = (W1, W2, W3... W m ). The voltage, current, power, electricity consumption duration, electricity consumption period, and electricity consumption of each electrical device constitute the standard indicators of the electrical device; The method for identifying the electrical type of the electrical equipment includes: S21: Invoke m household electrical appliances X = (X1, X2, X3... X m ) of known types in the database. Each household electrical appliance invokes n standard indicators x = {x1, x2... x n}, and construct a device standard indicator matrix Q = (x ij ), m×n where x ij represents the j-th standard indicator value of the i-th device; S22: Take the start and stop events of the electric equipment within the preset time period as k events, and form an event set Y=(Y1, Y2, Y3...Y k ), each opening and closing event calls n evaluation indicators y={y1,y2……y n }, construct the event evaluation index matrix as q = (y ij ) k×n , where y ij represents the jth evaluation index value of the i-th event; S23: Use the full sequence method for x ij and y ij to perform extreme value normalization processing to obtain the normalized device standard index matrix Q1 = (a ij ) m×n and the event evaluation index matrix q1 = (b ij ) k×n ; S24: Measure the evaluation index b in the event evaluation index matrix using the distance measure method ij and the standard index a in the standard index matrix ij for the distance d ij , construct the distance matrix D=(d ij ) k×m for k opening and closing events and m household electrical appliances, find the electrical appliance type of the electrical equipment closest to each opening and closing event as the electrical equipment of the opening and closing event, and classify the electrical equipment 2. The method for identifying household electrical appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula of the full sequence method in step S23 is: In the formula, are respectively the maximum and minimum values among the j-th standard index values of all electrical equipment.

3. The method for identifying household electrical appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula of the distance measure method in step S24 is: where z and Z are the minimum and maximum values among all standard index values, and q j1 and q j2 are the maximum and minimum values of the standard index value in the j-th device respectively, and w(k) is the weight vector.

4. The method for identifying household electrical appliances according to claim 3, characterized in that, The optimization method of the weight vector w(k) includes: S241: Construct an optimization index function Q(e): Q(e) = d d (e) / s d (e); where d d (e) represents the proximity of the event metric to the closest device metric; s d (e) represents the standard deviation of the distances of the event metric to each device metric; e is the projection direction of the optimization metric function; S242: Use the genetic algorithm to solve the minimum value of the index function Q(e); S243: Through the minimum value of the index function Q(e), inversely deduce the best projection direction of e and the optimized weight vector w(k).

5. The method for identifying household electrical appliances according to claim 1, wherein, The method for classifying electrical equipment includes: Classify the electrical equipment into long-duration high-power basic electrical appliances, long-duration low-power basic electrical appliances, short-duration high-power non-basic electrical appliances, and short-duration low-power non-basic electrical appliances according to the length of the power consumption time of the electrical equipment and the magnitude of the power consumption of the electrical equipment.

6. An intelligent electricity meter applied to the method for identifying household electrical appliances according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, It includes: An identification module, which is used to identify the current, voltage, and power of the electrical equipment, obtain the power change sequence monitored during the occurrence of the power consumption event, and transmit the data to the data processing module; A meter module, which is used to obtain the power consumption change sequence corresponding to the power change sequence and transmit the data to the data processing module; A timing module, which is used to obtain the time change sequence corresponding to the power change sequence and transmit the data to the data processing module; A data processing module, which is used to receive the data of the identification module, the meter module, and the timing module, determine several opening and closing events of the electrical equipment according to the power change sequence, where the opening and closing event is the entire process of an electrical equipment from being turned on to being turned off; Calculate the power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption of each opening and closing event according to the time change sequence and power consumption change sequence; Use several opening and closing events of the electrical equipment within a preset time period to form an event set, and construct the evaluation indicators of the opening and closing event with the voltage, current, power, power consumption duration, power consumption period, and power consumption of each opening and closing event; Construct an event evaluation index matrix according to the event set and the evaluation index set of each opening and closing event, and compare and analyze the event evaluation index matrix with the data in the database to identify the electrical types of each electrical equipment; A networking module, which is used to receive data from the data processing module and transmit the data over the network to a remote terminal; A power supply module, which is used to supply power to the identification module, the electricity meter module, the timing module, the data processing module, and the networking module.

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