A nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method and an extraction method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to a nucleic acid extraction device based on a membrane adsorption method and an extraction method thereof. The nucleic acid extraction device based on the membrane adsorption method comprises a shell and a filter test tube, a reagent tube assembly is arranged on the shell, the reagent tube assembly comprises a plurality of reagent tubes for storing reagents, one end of the plurality of reagent tubes is in communication with the inside of the filter test tube, a liquid adding opening is arranged on each of the plurality of reagent tubes, a pressure plug assembly is rotatably arranged on the shell, the pressure plug assembly can compress each reagent tube independently, and liquid in each reagent tube is compressed into the filter test tube. The nucleic acid extraction method based on the membrane adsorption method comprises the following steps: S1, adding a sample to be tested; S2, adding a plurality of eluents; S3, replacing a test test tube; S4, adding an eluent; and S5, detecting a nucleic acid value. The application has the effects of improving the efficiency of nucleic acid extraction and facilitating the operation of a staff member.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to a nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method and its extraction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, nucleic acid as a carrier of genetic information is located in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast and other organelles of eukaryotic cells or in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells (except for life without cell structure such as viruses). A variety of nucleic acid related technologies all need to obtain a nucleic acid solution with high purity first, that is, nucleic acid extraction, for example, medical nucleic acid detection technology, forensic DNA evidence identification technology, gene cloning technology, etc.

[0003] The method for nucleic acid extraction includes traditional liquid extraction and solid phase extraction. The traditional liquid extraction technology contains operations such as precipitation and centrifugation, which requires a large amount of biological samples, is complicated, time-consuming, low in efficiency, needs frequent manual operation by operators, and causes a threat to the health of operators due to the contact with chemical reagents. Therefore, the traditional liquid extraction technology has been gradually replaced by the solid phase extraction technology developed in recent years. The solid phase extraction technology mainly includes magnetic bead adsorption method and filter membrane adsorption method. The magnetic bead extraction technology uses nanotechnology to modify and surface modify the surface of superparamagnetic nanoparticles to prepare superparamagnetic silica nanomagnetic beads. The magnetic beads can specifically bind to nucleic acid molecules, and under the action of an external magnetic field, the nucleic acid molecules are separated from samples such as blood, animal tissues and pathogenic microorganisms. The magnetic bead adsorption method has high automation, high sensitivity and high efficiency, and is generally recognized by people. It is the main method for nucleic acid extraction at present. The filter membrane adsorption method uses the characteristics of special filter membrane materials (such as silica, diatomite and glass fiber) that can adsorb and release nucleic acid under special conditions to realize the extraction of nucleic acid from samples, and has the characteristics of simplicity, flexibility and rapid extraction.

[0004] In recent years, with the serious threat of sudden infectious diseases and the development of community medical model, the point-of-care testing (POCT) based on molecular diagnostic technology has developed rapidly. A simple, portable and efficient nucleic acid extraction device is the key to the on-site application of the detection system. At present, the magnetic bead extraction device needs to be frequently attracted and demagnetized, needs to be oscillated and cleaned for many times, has complicated steps, long extraction time, and must be heated to realize the extraction of nucleic acid. The structure is complex, the price is relatively high, and the number of samples extracted at one time needs to be matched with the instrument, otherwise it will cause waste of reagents and consumables, and has certain limitations on the use environment. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of nucleic acid extraction and facilitate the operation of the staff, the present application provides a nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method and its extraction method.

[0006] In a first aspect, the application provides a nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method comprises a shell and a filter test tube arranged on the shell, a reagent tube assembly is arranged on the shell, the reagent tube assembly comprises a plurality of reagent tubes for storing reagents, the plurality of reagent tubes are arranged on the shell, one end of the plurality of reagent tubes is in communication with the inside of the filter test tube, a liquid adding opening is arranged on each of the plurality of reagent tubes, a pressure plug assembly is rotatably arranged on the shell, the pressure plug assembly can compress each reagent tube and compress the liquid in each reagent tube into the filter test tube.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, in the application, a plurality of independently arranged reagent tubes and a filter test tube in communication with the plurality of reagent tubes are adopted, in the process of extracting a nucleic acid sample, sample liquid and a plurality of different types of eluent can be separately added to the corresponding reagent tubes, the liquid in each reagent tube is squeezed into the filter test tube by the pressure plug assembly, contamination between the reagent tubes is avoided, and the nucleic acid extraction device using the device has improved efficiency of nucleic acid extraction and is more convenient for the operator to operate.

[0009] Optionally, the pressure plug assembly comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of pressure blocks arranged at intervals on the rotating shaft, the pressure blocks are circular plate structures, the plurality of pressure blocks correspond to the plurality of reagent tubes one by one, a compression part and a communication part are arranged on the circumferential surface of each pressure block, the communication part is a groove arranged on the circumferential surface of the pressure block, the compression part is the remaining part of the circumferential surface of the pressure block except the groove, an opening is arranged at the end of the reagent tube away from the filter test tube, the circumferential surface of the pressure block is in sealing cooperation with the opening of the end of the reagent tube, the inside of the reagent tube can be in communication with the communication part, and the plurality of pressure blocks are arranged at intervals on the rotating shaft, so that the projections of the compression parts of the plurality of pressure blocks on a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft are combined into a circle.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the air in the reagent tube and the communication part can be compressed by the compression part of the pressure block arranged corresponding to each reagent tube, when the compression part abuts against the opening of the reagent tube, instantaneous pressure is generated, so that the liquid in the reagent tube is pressed into the filter test tube.

[0011] Optionally, an opening is arranged at the end of the filter test tube away from the opening, and a filter cotton is arranged at the end of the inside of the filter test tube close to the opening.

[0012] The filter cotton arranged in the filter test tube can wash away the waste liquid in the nucleic acid sample liquid, and leave the detection sample particles of the nucleic acid to be extracted in the filter cotton, so that the next detection operation can be performed, and the detection sample particles flow into other reagent tubes through the communication port.

[0013] Optionally, the filter test tube is provided with a detection test tube away from the opening end thereof.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, the detection test tube has the functions of convenient installation and quick removal, and the detection test tube can be a standard test tube for laboratory testing or a reagent cup independently used by each company, and has strong applicability.

[0015] Optionally, the opening end cover of the filter test tube is provided with a sealing cover, and the filter test tube is provided with a reagent adding port.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the sealing cover can prevent external pollution sources from entering the filter test tube through the opening of the filter test tube, causing inaccurate nucleic acid detection values; when the nucleic acid extraction sample is detected and more than three eluents need to be added, the excess eluent can be directly added to the filter test tube through the reagent adding port, avoiding the problem that the nucleic acid extraction detection cannot be normally performed due to too much eluent to be added, improving the applicability of the extraction device, and the extraction device can be used in hepatitis or DNA detection tests.

[0017] Optionally, rubber plugs are arranged on the liquid adding ports and the reagent adding port.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the rubber plugs can seal the through holes, and the rubber plugs arranged can prevent external pollution sources from entering the reagent tubes through the through holes, the liquid adding ports and the reagent adding port, and affect the final measurement data.

[0019] Optionally, the shaft is provided at one end with a driving member for driving the shaft to rotate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, the driving member arranged can provide a power source for the rotation of the shaft and the plurality of pressure blocks, so that the pressure blocks can squeeze the liquid in the corresponding reagent tubes into the filter test tube.

[0021] Optionally, the shaft is provided at one end with a driving member for driving the shaft to rotate.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the fixing member is arranged to prevent the rotation shaft from moving along the axial direction, and when the plurality of pressure blocks are sequentially rotated, the fixing member can prevent the rotation shaft from sliding out of the rotating groove with the pressure blocks, so that the plurality of pressure blocks and the plurality of reagent tubes are always tightly matched.

[0023] Optionally, the driving member and the shell are both provided with an indication mark for accurately installing the pressure block.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, the two indication marks can guide and indicate, and when the pressure plug assembly is installed into the rotating groove, the staff aligns the indication mark on the rotating disc with the indication mark on the shell, and then inserts and installs the rotation shaft and the pressure block into the rotating groove.

[0025] In a second aspect, the application provides a nucleic acid extraction method based on a membrane adsorption method, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0026] A nucleic acid extraction method based on a membrane adsorption method includes the following steps:

[0027] S1: adding a sample to be tested, adding a nucleic acid detection liquid in the first reagent tube, and rotating the pressure block to make the detection liquid in the reagent tube flow into the filter tube;

[0028] S2: adding a plurality of eluents, adding an eluent in the second reagent tube, and rotating the corresponding pressure block to make the eluent in the second reagent tube be pressed into the filter tube, adding different kinds of eluents in the third reagent tube, and rotating the corresponding pressure block to make the eluent in the third reagent tube be pressed into the filter tube;

[0029] S3: replacing the test tube, after the liquid flowed into the filter tube in steps S1 and S2 is filtered by the filter cotton, the waste liquid flows into the test tube, and the sample to be detected is stored on the filter cotton, and then a new test tube is replaced;

[0030] S4: adding an eluent, adding a new eluent in the fourth reagent tube, and rotating the rotation shaft to make the corresponding pressure block press the new eluent into the filter tube, and then the sample to be detected contained in the filter cotton can be flowed into the new test tube after passing through the filter cotton;

[0031] S5: detecting the nucleic acid value, taking down the new test tube, and measuring the nucleic acid value of the sample to be tested.

[0032] By adopting the technical scheme, in the process of nucleic acid extraction detection, the method has the effect of quickly extracting nucleic acid, is convenient to operate, and can prevent pollution between the reagent tubes.

[0033] To sum up, the present application comprises at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] 1. In the embodiments of the present application, a plurality of independently arranged reagent tubes and a filter test tube communicating with the plurality of reagent tubes are adopted, in the process of nucleic acid sample extraction, sample liquid and a plurality of different types of eluent can be separately added to the corresponding reagent tubes, and the liquid in each reagent tube is squeezed into the filter test tube through the pressure plug assembly, so as to avoid pollution between the reagent tubes, and the nucleic acid extraction device using the device has improved efficiency of nucleic acid extraction, and is more convenient for the operator to operate;

[0035] 2. The nucleic acid extraction device uses the principle of compressed air to squeeze the blades or liquid in each reagent tube into the filter test tube, avoiding direct contact with the sample and chemical reagents;

[0036] 3. The nucleic acid extraction device in the scheme adopts disposable plastic consumables, which can prevent pollution, and the device can be used for the detection of hepatitis and DNA samples in addition to the extraction of nucleic acids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the extraction device embodied in the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 is the sectional view of the reagent tube assembly and the pressure plug assembly embodied in the embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the filter cotton embodied in the embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 is the cooperation schematic diagram of the sealing assembly and the communication part embodied in the embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the sealing assembly embodied in the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 1. housing; 11, mounting groove; 12, rotating groove; 2, reagent tube assembly; 21, reagent tube; 22, liquid inlet; 23, rubber plug; 3, pressure plug assembly; 31, rotating shaft; 32, pressure block; 321, compression part; 322, communication part; 33, driving piece; 34, indicating mark; 35, stepped shaft; 36, fastening screw; 4, filter test tube; 41, communication port; 42, filter cotton; 43, sealing cover; 44, agent inlet; 5, detection test tube; 6, sealing assembly; 61, sealing plate; 62, fixed cylinder; 63, spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be described in combination with the drawingsFigures 1-5 The application is described in further detail.

[0044] The application discloses a nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method comprises a rectangular shell 1, a reagent tube assembly 2, a pressure plug assembly 3 and a filter test tube 4 which are arranged in the shell 1, an installation groove 11 is arranged in the shell 1 and penetrates the width of the shell 1 at a position close to one end, a rotating groove 12 is arranged in the shell 1 and does not penetrate the width of the shell 1 at a position close to the other end, the installation groove 11 and the rotating groove 12 are parallel to each other, the cross sections of the installation groove 11 and the rotating groove 12 are circular, the filter test tube 4 is inserted into the installation groove 11, the pressure plug assembly 3 is arranged in the rotating groove 12, and the reagent tube assembly 2 is arranged between the filter test tube 4 and the pressure plug assembly 3.

[0047] The reagent tube assembly 2 comprises a plurality of reagent tubes 21 which are fixedly arranged in the shell 1, the plurality of reagent tubes 21 are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the width direction of the shell 1, the length direction of each reagent tube 21 is perpendicular to the length direction of the filter test tube 4, one end of each reagent tube 21 is in communication with the inside of the filter test tube 4, the plurality of reagent tubes 21 can be used to separately add the sample to be detected and a plurality of eluents into each reagent tube 21 in the process of nucleic acid detection, so as to avoid pollution between the reagent tubes 21; the end of each reagent tube 21 away from the filter test tube 4 is provided with an opening, the opening end of each reagent tube 21 is matched with the pressure plug assembly 3, the pressure plug assembly 3 is matched with the opening of the filter test tube 4, and the liquid in each reagent tube 21 is pressed into the filter test tube 4 by using the principle of compressed air; a liquid adding opening 22 is arranged on the peripheral surface of each reagent tube 21, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the shell 1 and correspond to the positions of the liquid adding openings 22, and rubber plugs 23 are arranged on the shell 1 and located at the positions of the through holes, the rubber plugs 23 can seal the through holes, and the rubber plugs 23 can prevent external pollution sources from entering the reagent tubes 21 through the through holes and the liquid adding openings 22, so as to affect the final measurement data; in the application, four reagent tubes 21 are taken as an example, the four reagent tubes 21 are arranged in the width direction of the shell 1 from the opening end of the filter test tube 4 in sequence, the first reagent tube 21 is a sample tube, and the second to fourth reagent tubes 21 are eluent adding tubes, in use, the nucleic acid sample to be extracted is added into the first reagent tube 21, and three different eluents are added into the second to fourth reagent tubes 21.

[0048] The pressure plug assembly 3 comprises a rotating shaft 31 arranged in the mounting groove 11, the rotating shaft 31 is coaxial with the mounting groove 11, and the rotating shaft 31 rotates relative to the mounting groove 11 along the axis of the rotating shaft 31, the end of the rotating shaft 31 away from the opening of the filter test tube 4 extends out of the rotating groove 12, a plurality of pressure blocks 32 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 31, four pressure blocks 32 are taken as an example in the embodiment of the application, the four pressure blocks 32 are matched with the four reagent tubes 21 one by one, the pressure block 32 is a circular plate structure, and the rotating shaft 31 passes through the center of the four pressure blocks 32 at the same time, the four pressure blocks 32 are parallel to each other, and the four pressure blocks 32 are uniformly spaced along the length direction of the rotating shaft 31, the peripheral surface of each pressure block 32 is tightly matched with the inner wall of the housing 1 at the position of the rotating groove 12, and the opening at the end of each reagent tube 21 is sealingly matched with the peripheral surface of each pressure block 32.

[0049] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The peripheral surface of each pressure block 32 is provided with a compression part 321 and a communication part 322, the communication part 322 is a groove opened on the peripheral surface of the pressure block 32 and in the shape of three-quarters of a ring, in the process of rotating the pressure block 32, the communication part 322 can be communicated with the inside of the reagent tube 21, the compression part 321 is the remaining part of the pressure block 32 except the groove, the compression parts 321 on the four pressure blocks 32 are rotationally staggered from the first reagent tube 21 to the fourth reagent tube 21 along the length direction of the rotating shaft 31, and the projections of the compression parts 321 on the four pressure blocks 32 on the vertical plane of the axis of the rotating shaft 31 can be combined into a circle; in use, the staff rotates the rotating shaft 31, thereby driving the four pressure blocks 32 to rotate, in the process of rotating the pressure block 32, the gas inside the communication part 322 and the reagent tube 21 is gradually compressed, when the compression part 321 of the pressure block 32 is rotationally matched with the opening at the end of the reagent tube 21, relying on the principle of gradually compressing the gas, the liquid in the reagent tube 21 can be squeezed into the filter test tube 4; after the nucleic acid sample to be extracted in the first reagent tube 21 is squeezed into the filter test tube 4, after rotating the rotating shaft 31 again in the same direction, the eluent in the second to fourth reagent tubes 21 can be sequentially squeezed into the filter test tube 4, the pressure plug assembly 3 arranged can squeeze the liquid in each individual reagent tube 21 into the filter test tube 4 by rotating the rotating shaft 31, has the effect of rapid operation, and can improve the efficiency of extracting nucleic acid detection values.

[0050] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2The end of the rotating shaft 31 extending out of the rotating groove 12 is provided with a driving member 33, which is a rotating disc vertically fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 31 and provided with anti-skid patterns on the circumferential surface of the rotating disc. When the staff needs to drive the four pressure blocks 32 to rotate, the rotating disc is rotated. Alternatively, the driving member 33 can be a slow-speed motor, and the output shaft of the slow-speed motor is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 31. When the four pressure blocks 32 need to be driven, the staff starts the slow-speed motor, and the slow-speed motor drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, thereby driving the four pressure blocks 32 to rotate. The driving mode of the slow-speed motor can avoid the problem of inaccurate rotation of the rotating shaft 31 by manual rotation, so that each pressure block 32 can accurately compress the gas in the reagent tube 21, and finally the liquid in the reagent tube 21 is squeezed into the filter test tube 4.

[0051] Further, the disc surface of the rotating disc away from the rotating shaft 31 and the surface of the shell 1 close to the rotating disc are both provided with an indicating mark 34. The two indicating marks 34 can play a guiding and indicating role. When the pressure plug assembly 3 is installed into the rotating groove 12, the staff aligns the indicating mark 34 on the rotating disc with the indicating mark 34 on the shell 1, and then inserts and installs the rotating shaft 31 and the pressure blocks 32 into the rotating groove 12. At this time, the first reagent tube 21 is accurately matched and installed with the first pressure block 32 on the rotating shaft 31. An annular angle value is arranged on the surface of the shell 1 facing the rotating disc and along the axis of the rotating shaft 31. The angle value can help the staff to accurately determine whether the pressure block 32 has been rotated to the correct position and whether the liquid in the reagent tube 21 has been squeezed into the filter test tube 4 after each rotation of the pressure block 32.

[0052] The end of the rotating shaft 31 away from the driving member 33 is fixedly connected with a stepped shaft 35 arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft 31. The end of the stepped shaft 35 penetrates out of the shell 1, and the end surface of the stepped shaft 35 away from the rotating shaft 31 is flush with the surface of the shell 1. When the rotating shaft 31 and the pressure blocks 32 are installed into the rotating groove 12, when the shaft end surface of the rotating shaft 31 abuts against the inner wall of the shell 1 inside the rotating groove 12 at one end, and when the shaft end surface of the stepped shaft 35 is flush with the surface of the shell 1, it is proved that the rotating shaft 31 and the pressure blocks 32 have been installed to the correct position. A fixing member is arranged on the shaft end surface of the stepped shaft 35 away from the rotating shaft 31. The fixing member is a fastening screw 36 threadedly connected to the end of the stepped shaft 35. The fastening screw 36 has the function of preventing the rotating shaft 31 from moving along the axis direction. When the four pressure blocks 32 are sequentially rotated, the fastening screw 36 can avoid the problem that the rotating shaft 31 with the pressure blocks 32 slides out of the rotating groove 12, so that the four pressure blocks 32 are always tightly matched with the four reagent tubes 21.

[0053] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 andFigure 3 , the filter tube 4 is located inside the installation groove 11 away from the opening end thereof, and the filter tube 4 is provided with a communication port 41 in the shape of a necked opening away from the opening end thereof, the detection test tube 5 is installed inside the installation groove 11 and close to the end of the communication port 41 of the filter tube 4, the detection test tube 5 can be clamped to the installation groove 11, the clamped detection test tube 5 has the effect of convenient installation and quick removal, the detection test tube 5 can be a standard test tube for laboratory testing or a reagent cup independently used by each company, and has strong applicability; the filter cotton 42 is fixedly connected to the position inside the filter tube 4 and close to one end of the communication port 41, the filter cotton 42 is made of specific silicon grease material, and after the liquid in the first reagent tube 21, the second reagent tube 21 and the third reagent tube 21 is sequentially squeezed into the filter tube 4, the filter cotton 42 can wash away the waste liquid in the nucleic acid sample liquid, and leave the detection sample particles to be extracted nucleic acid into the filter cotton 42, so as to perform the next detection operation.

[0054] Further, the sealing cover 43 is arranged on the opening end cover of the filter tube 4, the sealing cover 43 can prevent the external pollution source from entering the filter tube 4 through the opening of the filter tube 4, so as to cause the inaccuracy of the nucleic acid detection value; the additive port 44 is arranged on the wall of the filter tube 4, and the through hole corresponding to the additive port 44 is arranged on the shell 1, the through hole structure at the additive port 44 is the same as the through hole structure at the liquid adding port 22, and the rubber plug 23 is also installed on the through hole at the additive port 44, when the detection of the nucleic acid extraction sample is performed and more than three elution liquids need to be added, the excess elution liquid can be directly added into the filter tube 4 through the additive port 44, so as to avoid the nucleic acid extraction detection cannot be normally performed due to the excessive elution liquid to be added, the applicability of the extraction device is improved, and the extraction device can be used in the test of hepatitis or DNA detection.

[0055] The position inside each reagent tube 21 and close to both ends is a stepped structure, when the nucleic acid sample to be extracted or multiple types of elution liquid is added into the reagent tube 21, the stepped structure inside the reagent tube 21 can prevent the liquid added into each reagent tube 21 from automatically flowing into the flow-through part on the pressure block 32, so as to avoid the waste of the nucleic acid extraction detection sample or multiple types of elution liquid; the shell 1 can be made of transparent material, when the material of the shell 1 is transparent material, the pressure plug assembly 3 can be more conveniently and quickly installed on the shell 1 by directly observing.

[0056] The implementation principle of the embodiment 1 is that: the detection sample of the nucleic acid to be extracted and the multiple types of eluent are sequentially added into each reagent tube 21, and the detection sample of the nucleic acid to be extracted and the multiple types of eluent can also be added into each reagent tube 21 in the form of capsules, then the rotation of the pressure block 32 is driven, and the gas in the communication part 322 and each reagent tube 21 is compressed in the process of rotation of the pressure block 32, so that the liquid or sample in each reagent tube 21 is squeezed into the filter test tube 4, and the sample and the eluent in the form of capsules can be squeezed by the pressure of the pressure block 32, so that the two are squeezed to flow into the filter test tube 4.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] With reference to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the sealing assembly 6 is arranged inside each reagent tube 21 and towards one end of the corresponding pressure block 32, the sealing assembly 6 comprises a sealing plate 61 which is slidably arranged inside the reagent tube 21, one end of the sealing plate 61 can extend from the inside of the reagent tube 21 and penetrate into the communication part 322 of the pressure block 32, a fixed cylinder 62 is fixedly connected inside the reagent tube 21, the fixed cylinder 62 is hollow inside and open towards one end of the pressure block 32, one end of the sealing plate 61 can be slidably fitted inside the fixed cylinder 62, a spring 63 is arranged inside the fixed cylinder 62, one end of the spring 63 is fixedly connected with the end of the sealing plate 61, and the other end of the spring 63 is fixedly connected with the end of the fixed cylinder 62 which is away from the pressure block 32, under the action of the elasticity of the spring 63, the end of the sealing plate 61 can always abut on the groove bottom peripheral surface of the pressure block 32 at the communication part 322, and the end and both sides of the sealing plate 61 are tightly fitted with the communication part 322, when the pressure block 32 rotates to compress the gas, the sealing plate 61 arranged between the reagent tube 21 and the communication part 322 can form a sealed structure, so as to improve the effect of compressing the gas in the process of rotation of the pressure block 32.

[0059] Further, the compression part 321 on the pressure block 32 and towards one side of the rotation direction of the pressure block 32 is arranged as an inclined slope, when the compression part 321 of the pressure block 32 rotates to the sealing plate 61, the slope on the compression part 321 can compress the sealing plate 61 into the fixed cylinder 62, so as not to affect the normal rotation of the pressure block 32.

[0060] The implementation principle of embodiment 2 is that a sealed space can be formed between the inside of the reagent tube 21, the sealing plate 61, and the communication part 322 of the pressure block 32, at this time, when the pressure block 32 is rotated, the air between the three can be gradually compressed, and when the compression part 321 is rotated to the port of the reagent tube 21, the liquid in the reagent tube 21 can be squeezed into the filter test tube 4 by instantaneous pressure.

[0061] Embodiment 3

[0062] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that each reagent tube 21 is provided with a squeezing part integrally formed with the reagent tube 21 at the end of the pressure block 32, the squeezing part is made of rubber material, the squeezing part separates the inside of each reagent tube 21 from the communication part 322 of the pressure block 32, avoiding communication between the two, and the squeezing part on the reagent tube 21 can extend into the communication part 322 on the pressure block 32, the squeezing part forms a sealed space inside the reagent tube 21, which can prevent the liquid inside the reagent tube 21 from flowing out, and also makes it more convenient to compress the gas inside the reagent tube 21; the side of the compression part 321 of the pressure block 32 and the direction of rotation of the pressure block 32 is also provided with the same slope as in embodiment two, when the pressure block 32 is rotated in the process, the compression part 321 is rotated to the part in contact with the squeezing part, and then the pressure block 32 is continuously rotated, the squeezing part is compressed, thereby compressing the gas inside the reagent tube 21 and squeezing the liquid inside into the filter test tube 4.

[0063] The implementation principle of embodiment 3 is that the nucleic acid sample to be detected and different types of eluent are added to each reagent tube 21 during use, the compression part 321 on the pressure block 32 is used to compress the squeezing part, thereby squeezing the liquid in each reagent tube 21 into the filter test tube 4.

[0064] The nucleic acid extraction method based on the membrane adsorption method is also disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the nucleic acid extraction method based on the membrane adsorption method comprises the following steps:

[0065] S1: adding a sample to be tested, when it is necessary to detect a nucleic acid sample, the staff adds a nucleic acid liquid or a sample in the form of a capsule to the first reagent tube 21 (sample tube), and then rotates the rotating shaft 31 to drive the pressure block 32 corresponding to the first reagent tube 21, so that the compression part 321 on the pressure block 32 compresses the gas inside the first reagent tube 21, and the nucleic acid sample to be detected inside the first reagent tube 21 is squeezed into the filter test tube 4.

[0066] S2: adding two eluents, adding eluent A in the second reagent tube 21 in turn, then rotating the pressure block 32 corresponding to the second reagent tube 21, so that the gas in the second reagent tube 21 is compressed, thereby extruding the eluent A into the filter test tube 4; adding eluent B in the third reagent tube 21, then rotating the pressure block 32 corresponding to the third reagent tube 21, so that the gas in the third reagent tube 21 is compressed, thereby extruding the eluent B into the filter test tube 4.

[0067] S3: replacing the detection test tube 5, after the mixture of three liquids flowing into the filter test tube 4 in steps S1 and S2 is chemically reacted, the waste liquid will flow into the detection test tube 5, the sample to be detected will be stored on the filter cotton 42, then the detection test tube 5 storing the waste liquid is replaced, a new detection test tube 5 is replaced and installed on the shell 1.

[0068] S4: adding eluent again, adding new eluent C in the fourth reagent tube 21, and rotating the rotating shaft 31 again, so that the pressure block 32 corresponding to the fourth reagent tube 21 is rotated, then the gas in the fourth reagent tube 21 is compressed, thereby extruding the liquid in the eluent C into the filter test tube 4, the eluent C extruded into the filter test tube 4 can react with the nucleic acid sample to be detected on the filter cotton 42, and then flow into the new detection test tube 5 together.

[0069] S5: detecting the mixed reaction nucleic acid sample, taking the liquid flowing into the new detection test tube 5 in S4 from the shell 1, and taking it to a special instrument to detect the nucleic acid value.

[0070] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1) and a filter tube (4) disposed on the housing (1). The housing (1) is provided with a reagent tube assembly (2). The reagent tube assembly (2) includes multiple reagent tubes (21) for storing reagents. The multiple reagent tubes (21) are arranged on the housing (1), and one end of the multiple reagent tubes (21) is connected to the inside of the filter tube (4). Each of the multiple reagent tubes (21) is provided with a liquid inlet (22). A pressure plug assembly (3) is rotatably disposed on the housing (1). The pressure plug assembly (3) can compress each reagent tube (21) individually and compress the liquid in each reagent tube (21) into the filter tube (4). The pressure plug assembly (3) includes a rotating shaft (31) and multiple pressure blocks (32) spaced apart on the rotating shaft (31). The pressure blocks (32) are circular plate-shaped structures, and each pressure block (32) corresponds to a multiple reagent tube (21). Each pressure block (32) has a compression part (321) and a connecting part (322) on its circumferential surface. The connecting part (322) is a groove formed on the circumferential surface of the pressure block (32), and the compression part (321) is a pressure... The remaining part of the pressure block (32) circumference, excluding the groove, has an opening at the end of the reagent tube (21) away from the filter tube (4). The circumference of the pressure block (32) is sealed to the opening at the end of the reagent tube (21), and the inside of the reagent tube (21) can communicate with the connecting part (322). Multiple pressure blocks (32) are staggered in sequence on the rotating shaft (31), so that the projection of the compression part (321) of multiple pressure blocks (32) on the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (31) is combined into a circle.

2. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter tube (4) has a connecting port (41) at the end away from its opening, and a filter cotton (42) is installed inside the filter tube (4) and at the end near the connecting port (41).

3. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter tube (4) has a test tube (5) at the end away from its opening.

4. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter tube (4) has a sealing cap (43) at the open end and an adder port (44) on the filter tube (4).

5. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the liquid inlet (22) and reagent inlet (44) is covered with a rubber stopper (23).

6. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft (31) is provided with a driving component (33) for driving the rotating shaft (31) to rotate.

7. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing member is provided at the end of the rotating shaft (31) away from the driving member (33), and the fixing member is used to limit the position of the pressure block (32) on the outer shell (1) along the axis of the rotating shaft (31).

8. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the drive unit (33) and the housing (1) are provided with an indicator (34) for accurately installing the pressure block (32).

9. A nucleic acid extraction method based on membrane adsorption, used in the nucleic acid extraction apparatus based on membrane adsorption as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Add the sample to be tested. Add the nucleic acid test liquid to the first of the multiple reagent tubes (21), and then rotate the pressure block (32) to make the test liquid in the reagent tube (21) flow into the filter tube (4); S2: Add multiple eluents. Add eluents to the second reagent tube (21) and rotate the corresponding pressure block (32) so that the eluent in the second reagent tube (21) can be pressed into the filter tube (4). Add different kinds of eluents to the third reagent tube (21) and rotate the corresponding pressure block (32) so that the eluent in the third reagent tube (21) can be pressed into the filter tube (4). S3: Replace the test tube (5). The liquid that flows into the filter tube (4) in steps S1 and S2 is filtered by the filter cotton (42), and the waste liquid flows into the test tube (5). The sample to be tested will be stored on the filter cotton (42), and then a new test tube (5) is replaced. S4: Add eluent. Add new eluent to the fourth reagent tube (21) and rotate the shaft (31) so that the corresponding pressure block (32) pressurizes the new eluent into the filter tube (4). After passing through the filter cotton (42), the sample to be tested contained in the filter cotton (42) can flow into the new test tube (5). S5: Detect nucleic acid value, remove a new test tube (5), and measure the nucleic acid value of the sample to be tested.

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