Liquid heavy metal purification device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of reactor, and particularly provides a liquid heavy metal purification device, aiming at solving the problems of inaccurate oxygen concentration measurement and slow regulation speed. For the purpose, the purification device comprises a container, a heat exchange assembly, an oxygen measurement and control assembly, a filter assembly, a driving pump and a warning assembly. The heat exchange assembly is arranged in a first area of the container and used for precipitating first impurities in the liquid heavy metal. The oxygen measurement and control assembly is arranged in a second area of the container and used for measuring and regulating the oxygen concentration. The filter assembly is arranged in a third area of the container. The driving pump is arranged in a fourth area of the container. The warning assembly is arranged on the driving pump and used for warning the impurity content according to the change of the content of second impurities in the liquid heavy metal. The purification device of the present application realizes accurate measurement and rapid regulation of the oxygen concentration by using the oxygen measurement and control assembly, and realizes impurity content warning according to the change of the solubility of the second impurities by using the warning assembly, thereby effectively ensuring the safe operation of the reactor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reactors, and particularly provides a liquid heavy metal purification device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Liquid heavy metal lead-based alloy has excellent neutron performance, thermal physical properties and chemical properties, and is an important candidate material for a coolant and a system functional material of an advanced nuclear energy system.

[0003] In the advanced nuclear energy system, liquid heavy metal is used as a coolant material and a functional material, and an important problem faced by the liquid heavy metal in use is that liquid heavy metal lead-based alloy continuously produces impurities due to various reasons, such as impurities produced by corrosion of structural materials, impurities introduced in lead alloy raw materials, sealing failure, maintenance, loading and unloading of raw materials, and neutron radiation activation products. Therefore, the liquid heavy metal needs to be purified.

[0004] In the purification process of the liquid heavy metal, the corrosion resistance of the reactor structural material can be improved to avoid impurities caused by corrosion. One of the methods for improving the corrosion resistance of the reactor structural material is to control the oxygen concentration in the liquid heavy metal, but the oxygen measurement and control device in the existing device has the problems of inaccurate oxygen concentration measurement results and slow oxygen concentration regulation speed.

[0005] Meanwhile, the existing liquid heavy metal purification device also does not have the function of impurity content early warning. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to solve the above technical problems, that is, to solve the problems of inaccurate oxygen concentration measurement and slow oxygen concentration regulation speed in the existing liquid heavy metal.

[0007] To this end, the present application provides a liquid heavy metal purification device, which comprises:

[0008] A container is configured to be sequentially communicated with a first region, a second region, a third region and a fourth region in the flow direction of the liquid heavy metal;

[0009] A heat exchange assembly is arranged in the first region and used for cooling treatment of the liquid heavy metal to precipitate first impurities in the liquid heavy metal;

[0010] An oxygen measurement and control assembly is arranged in the second region and used for measuring and regulating the oxygen concentration in the liquid heavy metal after the cooling treatment;

[0011] A filter assembly is arranged in the third region and used for filtering the first impurities;

[0012] a driving pump arranged in the fourth region and configured to deliver the filtered liquid heavy metal into the core;

[0013] a pre-warning component arranged at an outlet of the driving pump and configured to pre-warn according to a change in content of the second impurity in the liquid heavy metal.

[0014] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the oxygen measurement and control component comprises oxygen concentration sensors, pump oxygen units and a processor, the oxygen concentration sensors are multiple, and any adjacent oxygen concentration sensors have a three-dimensional space therebetween, and the oxygen concentration sensors are configured to measure oxygen concentration values in the liquid heavy metal.

[0015] The number of pump oxygen units is consistent with the number of oxygen concentration sensors, and multiple pump oxygen units are arranged in proximity to multiple oxygen concentration sensors in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0016] The processor is in communication connection with the oxygen concentration sensors and the pump oxygen units respectively, and the processor is configured to receive and process the oxygen concentration values, so as to control the pump oxygen units to pump oxygen into the liquid heavy metal when the oxygen concentration values are lower than an oxygen concentration preset threshold.

[0017] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the oxygen measurement and control component further comprises an oxygen reduction unit in communication connection with the processor, and the processor is further configured to control the oxygen reduction unit to reduce part of metal oxides in the liquid heavy metal when the oxygen concentration values are higher than the oxygen concentration preset threshold.

[0018] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the oxygen concentration sensors comprise ceramic tubes and collection units, and the ceramic tubes are inserted into the container.

[0019] The collection units are arranged in the ceramic tubes and in communication connection with the processor, and the collection units are multiple, and any adjacent collection units have a three-dimensional space therebetween.

[0020] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the collection units comprise first electrodes, second electrodes and electrode leads, the first electrodes and the second electrodes are arranged side by side, the number of electrode leads is two, one end of one of the electrode leads is electrically connected to the first electrode, and the other end of the electrode lead is electrically connected to the processor, and one end of the other electrode lead is electrically connected to the second electrode, and the other end of the electrode lead is electrically connected to the processor.

[0021] The working states of the first electrodes and the second electrodes are different.

[0022] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the working state of the liquid heavy metal in the container comprises a steam supply state and a heat supply state, wherein in the steam supply state, the first electrode serves as a working electrode; and in the heat supply state, the second electrode serves as a working electrode.

[0023] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the first electrode comprises a platinum electrode, and the second electrode comprises a copper electrode.

[0024] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the heat exchange assembly is a U-shaped heat exchange pipeline, and a coolant with a temperature lower than that of the liquid heavy metal flows through the heat exchange pipeline.

[0025] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the filter assembly comprises a plurality of filter screens, the filter screens are arranged in a vertical direction and are spaced apart, and the pore size of the filter holes in the filter screens gradually decreases in the flow direction of the liquid heavy metal.

[0026] Each of the filter screens is connected to the container through a frame, and a plurality of support rods are arranged on each of the frames.

[0027] In the preferred technical scheme of the heat exchange device, the early warning assembly comprises a capillary tube, a heater, a blockage meter and a monitoring instrument, one end of the capillary tube is arranged at the outlet of the driving pump, a plurality of blockage orifice plates are arranged in the capillary tube and are spaced apart, and the blockage orifice plates are used to gather the second impurities.

[0028] The heater is arranged adjacent to the blockage orifice plates and is used to heat the blockage orifice plates, so that part of the second impurities are re-dissolved in the liquid heavy metal.

[0029] The blockage meter is connected to the other end of the capillary tube, and the blockage meter is used to represent the blockage state of the blockage orifice plates.

[0030] The monitoring instrument is electrically connected to the heater and is used to display the temperature value when the blockage orifice plates are heated, and to perform impurity content early warning according to the change of the content of the second impurities in the liquid heavy metal.

[0031] In the case of adopting the technical scheme, the liquid heavy metal purification device provided by the application is characterized in that, along the flow direction of the liquid heavy metal, the heat exchange assembly is used to perform cooling treatment on the liquid heavy metal in the first region, so that the first impurities in the liquid heavy metal are precipitated; then, the oxygen measurement and control assembly is used to accurately measure the oxygen concentration in different spatial dimensions of the liquid heavy metal after the cooling treatment, and simultaneously, the oxygen concentration in different spatial dimensions of the liquid heavy metal is rapidly regulated and controlled; then, the filtering assembly is used to filter the first impurities; finally, the driving pump is used to re-deliver the liquid heavy metal meeting the use requirements to the core, and in the delivery process, the pre-warning assembly performs impurity content pre-warning according to the change of the solubility content of the second impurities, so that the safe operation of the reactor is effectively ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid heavy metal purification device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an oxygen concentration sensor of a liquid heavy metal purification device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0035] Legend of reference signs:

[0036] 1, container; 11, first region; 12, second region; 13, third region; 14, fourth region; 101, shell; 102, head;

[0037] 2, heat exchange assembly;

[0038] 3, oxygen measurement and control assembly; 31, oxygen concentration sensor; 32, oxygen pumping unit; 33, processor; 34, oxygen reduction unit; 311, ceramic tube; 312, acquisition unit; 31a, first electrode; 31b, second electrode; 31c, electrode lead;

[0039] 4, filtering assembly; 41, filter screen; 42, frame; 43, support rod; 44, handle;

[0040] 5, driving pump; 51, pump body; 52, inlet; 53, outlet;

[0041] 6, pre-warning assembly; 61, capillary tube; 62, heater; 63, blockage meter; 64, monitoring instrument; 611, blockage orifice plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid heavy metal purification device, wherein the liquid heavy metal may include, but is not limited to, a liquid lead-based alloy. The following description uses a liquid lead-based alloy as an example. The liquid heavy metal purification device includes a container 1, a heat exchange component 2, an oxygen measurement and control component 3, a filter component 4, a drive pump 5, and an early warning component 6.

[0045] The container 1 may include a shell 101 and a stack cover 102. Shell 101 is a hollow structure with an open top. It is used to store liquid lead-bismuth alloy and related structures such as the reactor. Stack cover 102 is detachably connected to shell 101 to seal the open top. Shell 101 is structured to sequentially connect a first region 11, a second region 12, a third region 13, and a fourth region 14 along the flow direction of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy.

[0046] The heat exchange assembly 2 is disposed within the first region 11 and is used to cool the liquid lead-bismuth alloy flowing through the first region 11, thereby precipitating first impurities in the liquid heavy metal. The first impurities may be metallic elements in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy. These metallic elements may be low-melting-point alkali metals in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy coolant, such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), or lithium (Li). Alternatively, these metallic elements may be low-melting-point alloys in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, such as lead-bismuth alloy (Pb-Bi). When the liquid lead-bismuth alloy flows through the heat exchange assembly 2, the lower temperature surrounding the heat exchange assembly 2 relative to the liquid lead-bismuth alloy reduces the solubility of certain metallic elements in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, causing these metallic elements to precipitate upon reaching saturation.

[0047] Reference Figure 1As shown, in one example, the heat exchange assembly 2 can include, but is not limited to, a U-shaped heat exchange pipe fixedly connected to the top cover 102. In another example, the heat exchange assembly 2 can also include a serpentine coil. In the heat exchange pipe, a coolant, such as cooling water, having a temperature lower than that of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy flows. By circulating the cooling water in the U-shaped heat exchange pipe or the serpentine coil, heat exchange between the cooling water and the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is performed, which improves the cooling efficiency, reduces the solubility of impurities in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, promotes the nucleation and crystallization of dissolved impurities, and finally precipitates the impurities from the liquid lead-bismuth alloy. The precipitated impurities have a small particle size, and thus the liquid lead-bismuth alloy cooled in the first region 11 becomes a suspension carrying a large amount of particulate impurities (i.e., first impurities).

[0048] The oxygen measurement and control assembly 3 is arranged in the second region 12. The oxygen measurement and control assembly 3 is configured to measure and control the oxygen concentration of the liquid heavy metal (such as the liquid lead-bismuth alloy carrying solid particulate matter) in different spatial dimensions. It should be noted that the different spatial dimensions of the liquid heavy metal can be understood as the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at different positions in the second region 12 along the axial direction or the circumferential direction. That is, the oxygen measurement and control assembly 3 can accurately measure the oxygen concentration of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at each position in the second region 12, and can quickly control the oxygen concentration at each position according to the measured concentration value.

[0049] The filter assembly 4 is arranged in the third region 13 and is configured to filter the liquid lead-bismuth alloy flowing from the second region 12 to the third region 13 to filter the first impurities, thereby performing a preliminary filtering and purifying process on the liquid lead-bismuth alloy.

[0050] The driving pump 5 is arranged in the fourth region 14. The driving pump 5 includes a pump body 51 and an inlet 52 and an outlet 53 arranged on the pump body 51. The pump body 51 is fixed to the top cover 102, the inlet 52 is arranged adjacent to the filter assembly 4, and is configured to suck the filtered liquid lead-bismuth alloy into the pump body 51. Under the driving of the motor in the pump body 51, the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the pump body 51 flows out from the outlet 53. The outlet 53 can be connected to an external pipeline, thereby conveying the liquid lead-bismuth alloy to the reactor core (not shown in the figure) for next use, thereby improving the recycling rate of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy.

[0051] The early warning assembly 6 is arranged on the outlet 53 of the driving pump 5. The early warning assembly 6 is configured to perform impurity content early warning according to the change in the solubility of the second impurities in the liquid heavy metal, thereby effectively monitoring the content of the impurities in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy.

[0052] It should be noted that the type of the first impurity and the type of the second impurity can be the same or different. For example, the material of the first impurity and the second impurity are both sodium or lead-bismuth alloy. For another example, the material of the first impurity can be sodium, and the material of the second impurity can be lead-bismuth alloy.

[0053] In the liquid heavy metal purification device of this embodiment, the heat exchange component 2 is first used to cool the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the first region 11, so that the first impurity in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is precipitated; then, the oxygen measurement and control component 3 is used to accurately measure the oxygen concentration in different spatial dimensions of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy after the cooling treatment, and at the same time, the oxygen concentration in different spatial dimensions of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is quickly regulated; then, the first impurity is filtered by the filtering component 4; finally, the liquid heavy metal that meets the use requirements is re-delivered to the core by the driving pump 5. During the transportation process, the early warning component 6 issues an impurity content early warning based on the change in the solubility content of the second impurity, thereby effectively ensuring the safe operation of the reactor.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the oxygen measurement and control component 3 includes an oxygen concentration sensor 31 , an oxygen pump unit 32 and a processor 33 .

[0055] There are multiple oxygen concentration sensors 31, and a three-dimensional space exists between any two adjacent oxygen concentration sensors 31. It should be noted that this three-dimensional space can be understood as any two adjacent oxygen concentration sensors 31 being at different positions at the same horizontal height, and the two oxygen concentration sensors 31 only need to be spaced apart. Alternatively, any two adjacent oxygen concentration sensors 31 can be at different heights on the same vertical line and spaced apart. Alternatively, any two adjacent oxygen concentration sensors 31 can be at different horizontal heights and located on different vertical lines, where a vertical line can be understood as a straight line perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0056] It should be noted that oxygen is formed in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy through the dissolution and diffusion of oxygen in the atmosphere. The oxygen concentration is related to the depth of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy: the oxygen concentration decreases linearly with depth. Therefore, in this example, to accurately determine the oxygen concentration at different locations in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, a plurality of measurement points arranged in a matrix are provided within the second region 12. For example, M*N measurement points are provided within the second region 12 through which the liquid lead-bismuth alloy flows, each of which is equipped with an oxygen concentration sensor 31. This allows for real-time measurement of the oxygen concentration at each location in the second region 12, thereby improving the accuracy of oxygen concentration measurement in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy.

[0057] The oxygen concentration sensor 31 is used to measure the oxygen concentration value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in real time. That is, the oxygen concentration value at each position in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy can be quickly measured by using multiple oxygen concentration sensors 31 with three-dimensional space, so as to adapt to the pool reactor with a large fluid cross-sectional area, and effectively solve the problem that the oxygen concentration at different positions in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy cannot be obtained by the single-point oxygen measurement device in the prior art.

[0058] The number of pump oxygen units 32 is consistent with the number of oxygen concentration sensors 31, and the multiple pump oxygen units 32 correspond to and are arranged adjacent to the multiple oxygen concentration sensors 31. As shown in Figure 1 each oxygen concentration sensor 31, one pump oxygen unit 32 is arranged near each oxygen concentration sensor 31. The pump oxygen unit 32 can include but is not limited to an oxygen pump. The oxygen pump is used to supplement the oxygen concentration at the position where the oxygen pump is arranged.

[0059] The processor 33 is in communication connection with the oxygen concentration sensor 31 and the pump oxygen unit 32, respectively. The processor 33 is configured to receive the oxygen concentration value measured by the oxygen concentration sensor, and process the oxygen concentration value after receiving the oxygen concentration value, so as to control the pump oxygen unit to pump oxygen to the liquid heavy metal (i.e., the liquid lead-bismuth alloy) when the oxygen concentration value is lower than the preset oxygen concentration threshold value.

[0060] The processor 33 can include but is not limited to a programmable logic controller (PLC). The preset oxygen concentration threshold value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy can be pre-stored in the PLC. After the PLC receives each oxygen concentration value measured by the oxygen concentration sensor 31, the PLC compares each oxygen concentration value with the pre-stored oxygen concentration preset threshold value. The oxygen concentration preset threshold value is a range value, and the specific range is not limited herein. When the oxygen concentration value at any position is less than the oxygen concentration preset threshold value, the PLC issues a working instruction to the oxygen pump to control the oxygen pump to supplement the oxygen concentration at the corresponding position in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy until the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is within the oxygen concentration preset threshold value range.

[0061] In the embodiment, the oxygen concentration sensor 31 is used to measure the oxygen concentration value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in different spatial dimensions, and then the processor 33 acquires multiple oxygen concentration values and compares the multiple oxygen concentration values with the oxygen concentration preset threshold value pre-stored in the processor 33. When any oxygen concentration value is less than the oxygen concentration preset threshold value, the processor 33 controls the pump oxygen unit 32 to work and supplement the oxygen in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy. The pump oxygen unit 32 directly supplements oxygen by using the oxygen pump, which effectively improves the oxygen supplement efficiency, so as to realize the rapid regulation and control of the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy.

[0062] Referring to Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the oxygen control assembly further comprises an oxygen reduction unit 34. The oxygen reduction unit 34 is communicatively connected to the processor 33, wherein the processor 33 is further configured to issue a working instruction to the oxygen reduction unit 34 to reduce part of the metal oxides in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy when the real-time measured oxygen concentration value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is higher than the preset oxygen concentration threshold.

[0063] It should be noted that the oxygen reduction unit 34 can include but is not limited to a pump body for inputting a reducing gas (such as CO, H2, etc.) into the liquid lead-bismuth alloy to reduce the metal oxides to metal elements.

[0064] In the present embodiment, when the oxygen concentration sensor 31 measures that the oxygen concentration value in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is greater than the preset oxygen concentration threshold, the processor 33 controls the oxygen reduction unit 34 to input the reducing gas into the liquid lead-bismuth alloy to reduce the metal elements in the metal oxides in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy to metal elements, and the reducing gas reacts with oxygen elements to reduce the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy until the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is within the preset oxygen concentration threshold range, thereby realizing rapid regulation and control of the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy and effectively solving the problem of slow oxygen concentration regulation and control in the existing oxygen control device.

[0065] On the other hand, in combination with the above-mentioned embodiments, the cooperation between the oxygen concentration sensor 31, the pump oxygen unit 32, the processor 33 and the oxygen reduction unit 34 can realize effective control of the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the pool-type reactor, reduce the corrosion of the flow to the container 1, and thereby prolong the working period of the reactor.

[0066] Referring to Figure 1 and in combination with Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the oxygen concentration sensor 31 comprises a ceramic tube 311 and a collection unit 312. The ceramic tube 311 can be a hollow structure with an open top end and a closed bottom end. In one example, the ceramic tube 311 can be a yttria-stabilized zirconia solid electrolyte ceramic tube, i.e., a YSZ ceramic tube. The mass fraction of yttria is 4% to 12%. That is, the mass fraction of yttria can be 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, or 12%. For example, the mass fraction of yttria in the YSZ ceramic tube is 5%, and the YSZ ceramic tube with this doping ratio can still have good oxygen ion conduction ability and excellent electronic insulation performance at a low temperature of 150°C.

[0067] In the vertical direction, the upper end of the ceramic tube 311 can be fixed on the top cover 102, and the lower end of the ceramic tube 311 extends into the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the second area 12 to a predetermined depth. It should be noted that the predetermined depth can be 1 / 2-3 / 4 of the height of the ceramic tube 311, so as to facilitate the determination of the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy by the collection unit 312 in the ceramic tube 311.

[0068] The collection unit 312 is arranged in the ceramic tube 311 and is in communication connection with the processor 33. The number of the collection units 312 is multiple, and any adjacent collection units 312 have a three-dimensional space. It should be noted that the three-dimensional space can be understood as that any two adjacent collection units 312 can be at different positions at the same horizontal height, as long as the two collection units 312 are arranged at intervals. Alternatively, any two adjacent collection units 312 can be at different heights on the same vertical line and arranged at intervals. Alternatively, any two adjacent collection units 312 are at different horizontal heights and are on different vertical lines. The vertical line can be understood as a straight line perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0069] In one example, a plurality of points can be arranged in the ceramic tube 311, for example, M*N points can be arranged in the ceramic tube 311, and one collection unit 312 is arranged at each point. The oxygen concentration of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at the position of the collection unit 312 can be measured in real time and quickly, so as to effectively control the oxygen concentration parameters of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at each position.

[0070] Referring to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the collection unit 312 includes a first electrode 31a, a second electrode 31b, and an electrode lead 31c. The first electrode 31a and the second electrode 31b are arranged side by side, and each collection unit 312 includes two electrode leads 31c. One end of one of the electrode leads 31c is electrically connected to the first electrode 31a and the processor 33, and the other end of the electrode lead 31c is electrically connected to the second electrode 31b and the processor 33. The working states of the first electrode 31a and the second electrode 31b are different.

[0071] In the process of flowing, the temperature of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the high-temperature state decreases. The single oxygen concentration sensor used in the process of cooling the liquid lead-bismuth alloy leads to inaccurate measurement results of the oxygen concentration. Therefore, in this example, the first electrode 31a and the second electrode 31b are arranged in the acquisition unit 312 to quickly and accurately measure the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in different spatial dimensions. The first electrode 31a can be used to measure the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the high-temperature state, and the second electrode 31b can be used to measure the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the low-temperature state. Alternatively, the first electrode 31a can be used to measure the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the low-temperature state, and the second electrode 31b can be used to measure the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the high-temperature state. In this embodiment, the liquid lead-bismuth alloy with a temperature lower than about 200°C is defined as the low-temperature state, and the liquid lead-bismuth alloy with a temperature higher than 350°C is defined as the high-temperature state.

[0072] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the working state of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the container 1 includes a steam supply state and a heat supply state. In the steam supply state, the first electrode 31a serves as the working electrode. In the heat supply state, the second electrode 31b serves as the working electrode.

[0073] The first electrode 31a includes a platinum (Pt) electrode. When the reactor is used for steam supply, the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is in the steam supply state, and at this time, the working temperature of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is usually greater than 350°C. Therefore, the platinum (Pt) electrode can be used to quickly measure the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in cooperation with the ceramic tube 311.

[0074] The second electrode 31b includes a copper (Cu) electrode. When the reactor is used for heat supply, the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is in the heat supply state, and at this time, the working temperature of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is usually about 200°C. Therefore, the copper (Cu) electrode can be used to quickly measure the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in cooperation with the ceramic tube 311.

[0075] In order to adapt to the steam supply and heat supply states of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, in this embodiment, the platinum (Pt) electrode and the copper (Cu) electrode can be used to quickly and accurately measure the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at different temperatures, thereby improving the measurement efficiency.

[0076] Referring to Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the filter assembly 4 includes a filter screen 41. The filter screen 41 is multi-layered, with each layer arranged vertically and spaced apart. The filter screen 41 may be made of, but is not limited to, stainless steel. Along the flow direction of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, the pores (not shown) in the filter screen 41 decrease in size. That is, the pores in the filter screen 41 closest to the second region 12 have the largest pore size, the pores in the filter screen 41 next closest to the second region 12 have smaller pore sizes than the pores in the filter screen 41 upstream of it, and so on. The pores in the filter screen 41 closest to the fourth region 14 have the smallest pore size. This design allows for layer-by-layer filtration of first impurities carrying solid particles, achieving multi-stage purification of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, facilitating its subsequent recycling. It also effectively prevents solid particles from clogging the capillaries 61 in the fourth region 14.

[0077] Continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the liquid lead-bismuth alloy experiences significant impact during its flow. Therefore, in this example, a frame 42 is used to secure the filter 41 to the container 1. Furthermore, multiple support rods 43 are positioned along the sides of the frame 42. These support rods 43 are connected end-to-end to form a continuous "W"-shaped structure. Specifically, the frame 42 and support rods 43 secure the filter 41 to the stack cover 102.

[0078] A handle 44 is provided on the top of the frame 42 to facilitate the filter 41 to be released and pulled out from the stack top cover 102 , thereby facilitating the replacement operation of the filter 41 .

[0079] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the early warning component 6 includes a capillary tube 61 , a heater 62 , a blockage meter 63 and a monitoring instrument 64 .

[0080] One end of the capillary tube 61 is positioned at the outlet 53 of the drive pump 5. Multiple spaced-apart obstruction plates 611 are disposed within the capillary tube 61 to collect the second impurities. When the liquid lead-bismuth alloy flows into the capillary tube 61, the temperature of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy decreases as it flows through the capillary tube 61, as the diameter of the capillary tube 61 is significantly smaller than the longitudinal cross-section (a cross-section perpendicular to the flow direction) of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy within the container 1. As the liquid lead-bismuth alloy continues to flow through the capillary tube 61, the second impurities in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy are continuously precipitated at different obstruction plates 611.

[0081] It should be noted that the number of capillary tubes 61 can be at least two. One of the at least two capillary tubes 61 is arranged on the outlet 53 of the drive pump 5, and the other of the at least two capillary tubes 61 is arranged on the conveying pipe of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy. The two ends of the conveying pipe can be connected to the outlet 53 of the drive pump 5 and the reactor core (not shown in the figure), respectively.

[0082] The heater 62 is arranged adjacent to the blocking orifice plate 611, and the heater 62 is used to heat the blocking orifice plate 611 so that part of the second impurities are re-dissolved in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy. Alternatively, the second impurities are completely dissolved in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy to restore the flow of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the capillary tube 61. The heater 62 can include but is not limited to a heating rod.

[0083] The blocking meter 63 is connected to the other end of the capillary tube 61, and the blocking meter 63 is used to represent the blocking state of the blocking orifice plate 611.

[0084] The monitoring instrument 64 is electrically connected to the heater 62, and the monitoring instrument 64 is used to display the temperature value when the blocking orifice plate 611 is heated, and to give an impurity content warning according to the change of the content of the second impurities in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy according to the temperature value.

[0085] In the embodiment, the liquid lead-bismuth alloy enters the capillary tube 61 from the outlet 53 of the drive pump 5 or from the conveying pipe, and the temperature of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy continuously decreases during the flow in the capillary tube 61, so that the second impurities in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy continuously precipitate at different blocking orifice plates 611. When the accumulation of the second impurities in the blocking orifice plate 611 causes the sodium flow in the blocking meter 63 to decrease, the blocking meter 63 displays the blocking state of the blocking orifice plate 611. Then, the heater 62 is used to heat the blocking orifice plate 611, and part or all of the second impurities are continuously re-dissolved in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, and the liquid lead-bismuth alloy returns to the normal flow state. At this time, the temperature of the blocking orifice plate 611 in the capillary tube 61 is higher than that in the normal state. Therefore, the change of the content of the second impurities can be determined by the temperature of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the normal flow state or the flow rate change in the capillary tube 61, so that the impurity content warning can be realized for the steep rise of the impurity content in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy.

[0086] It should be noted that in one example, the warning assembly 6 can further include a cooler (not shown in the figure) and a cooling air duct (not shown in the figure). The cooler can include but is not limited to a fan lamp, and the cooling air duct is arranged adjacent to the capillary tube 61, and the air outlet of the cooling air duct is directly opposite to the capillary tube 61 or the blocking orifice plate 611, and is used to assist the rapid cooling of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy flowing in the capillary tube 61.

[0087] Reference Figures 1 to 2As shown, the use process of the liquid heavy metal purification device of the embodiment is as follows:

[0088] The liquid lead-bismuth alloy flowing out of the core is cooled and cooled by the heat exchange assembly 2 when flowing through the first region 11, so as to realize the cooling of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy and reduce the solubility of the first impurities, thereby promoting the nucleation and precipitation of the first impurities.

[0089] Then, the liquid lead-bismuth alloy after heat exchange treatment flows through the second region 12, passes through the matrix arranged oxygen concentration sensor 31, and the first electrode 31a and the second electrode 31b arranged in a matrix in the oxygen concentration sensor 31, so as to realize the rapid and accurate measurement of the oxygen concentration of different spatial dimensions in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy at different temperatures (i.e. steam state or heat supply state) in the second region 12. The detection signal of the measured oxygen concentration value is transmitted to the processor 33 through the electrode lead 31c, and the processor 33 analyzes the measured oxygen concentration value and controls the oxygen concentration in the liquid lead-bismuth alloy. When the measured oxygen concentration value at any position is lower than the preset threshold range of the oxygen concentration, the processor 33 issues an instruction to the oxygen pump unit 32 to control the oxygen pump unit 32 to perform oxygen supplementing treatment on the above position, so that the oxygen concentration of the position is within the preset threshold range of the oxygen concentration. When the measured oxygen concentration value at any position is higher than the preset threshold range of the oxygen concentration, the processor 33 controls the oxygen reduction unit 34 to work to reduce the oxygen concentration value of the position, and the oxygen concentration of the position is within the preset threshold range of the oxygen concentration.

[0090] The liquid lead-bismuth alloy after oxygen concentration control flows from the second region 12 to the third region 13, and is filtered step by step by the filtering assembly 4 (i.e. the multi-layer filter screen 41), so as to effectively improve the filtering effect on the first impurities and prevent the first impurities from affecting the early warning assembly 6 downstream.

[0091] The liquid lead-bismuth alloy after filtering flows from the third region 13 to the fourth region 14, and the filtered liquid lead-bismuth alloy is transported to the core by the driving pump 5 for recycling. During the transportation of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, the cooperation between the capillary tube 61, the heater 62, the blockage meter 63 and the monitoring instrument 64 in the early warning assembly 6 is used to realize the early warning of the impurity content of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, so as to effectively ensure the safe operation of the reactor and improve the service life of the reactor.

[0092] So far, the technical scheme of the present application has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but those skilled in the art can easily understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or replacements to the related technical features without departing from the principles of the present application, and the technical scheme after the changes or replacements will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A liquid heavy metal purification device, characterized in that: include: A container, wherein along the flow direction of the liquid heavy metal, the container is structured to have a first area, a second area, a third area and a fourth area that are sequentially connected; a heat exchange component disposed in the first region and configured to cool the liquid heavy metal so as to precipitate first impurities in the liquid heavy metal; an oxygen measurement and control component disposed in the second area and configured to measure and control the oxygen concentration in different spatial dimensions of the cooled liquid heavy metal, the oxygen measurement and control component comprising an oxygen concentration sensor, an oxygen pumping unit, and a processor, the oxygen concentration sensor being configured to measure the oxygen concentration value in the liquid heavy metal, the processor being communicatively connected to the oxygen concentration sensor and the oxygen pumping unit, respectively, the processor being configured to receive and process the oxygen concentration value, so as to control the oxygen pumping unit to pump oxygen into the liquid heavy metal when the oxygen concentration value is lower than a preset oxygen concentration threshold; a filter assembly, the filter assembly being disposed in the third area and configured to filter the first impurities; a driving pump, the driving pump being disposed in the fourth area and being used to transport the filtered liquid heavy metal into the core; an early warning component, the early warning component being arranged at the outlet of the driving pump to provide an early warning of impurity content according to a change in the content of a second impurity in the liquid heavy metal; In which, the oxygen concentration sensor includes a ceramic tube and a collection unit, the ceramic tube is inserted into the container, the collection unit is arranged in the ceramic tube and is communicatively connected to the processor, the collection unit includes a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrode lead, the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged side by side; the number of the electrode leads is two, the two ends of one of the electrode leads are electrically connected to the first electrode and the processor, and the two ends of the other electrode lead are electrically connected to the second electrode and the processor, and the working states of the first electrode and the second electrode are different.

2. The liquid heavy metal purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple oxygen concentration sensors, and there is a three-dimensional space between any adjacent oxygen concentration sensors; The number of the oxygen pumping units is consistent with the number of the oxygen concentration sensors, and the plurality of oxygen pumping units correspond to the plurality of oxygen concentration sensors in a one-to-one manner and are arranged adjacent to each other.

3. The liquid heavy metal purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxygen measurement and control component also includes an oxygen reduction unit, which is communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the processor is further configured to control the oxygen reduction unit to reduce part of the metal oxides in the liquid heavy metal when the oxygen concentration value is higher than a preset oxygen concentration threshold.

4. The liquid heavy metal purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple collection units, and there is a three-dimensional space between any adjacent collection units.

5. The liquid heavy metal purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working states of the liquid heavy metal in the container include a steam supply state and a heat supply state, wherein in the steam supply state, the first electrode serves as a working electrode; and in the heat supply state, the second electrode serves as a working electrode.

6. The liquid heavy metal purification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first electrode includes a platinum electrode, and the second electrode includes a copper electrode.

7. The liquid heavy metal purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange component is a U-shaped heat exchange pipe, and a coolant with a temperature lower than that of the liquid heavy metal flows through the heat exchange pipe.

8. The liquid heavy metal purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly includes a filter screen, which is multi-layered and spaced apart in a vertical direction, and the apertures of the filter holes in the filter screen decrease step by step along the flow direction of the liquid heavy metal; Each layer of the filter screen is connected to the container via a frame, and each frame is provided with a plurality of support rods.

9. The liquid heavy metal purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early warning component includes a capillary tube, a heater, a blockage meter, and a monitoring instrument. One end of the capillary tube is arranged on the outlet of the driving pump. A plurality of blocking orifice plates are arranged at intervals in the capillary tube. The blocking orifice plates are used to collect the second impurities. The heater is disposed adjacent to the blocking orifice plate and is used to heat the blocking orifice plate so as to redissolve a portion of the second impurities in the liquid heavy metal; The blockage meter is connected to the other end of the capillary tube, wherein the blockage meter is used to characterize the blockage state of the blocking orifice plate; The monitoring instrument is electrically connected to the heater and is used to digitally display the temperature value of the blocked orifice plate when it is heated, and to provide an impurity content warning based on the change in the content of the second impurity in the liquid heavy metal.

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