A vascular stent applicable to multiple narrow environments

Abstract

The present invention provides a vascular stent applicable to multiple stenosis environments, comprising a plurality of groups of vascular contact regions and plaque contact regions; the vascular contact regions and the plaque contact regions are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the stent, and are connected by connecting ribs between adjacent vascular contact regions and plaque contact regions. Both the plaque contact regions and the vascular contact regions respectively include multiple groups of support bodies, and each group of support bodies includes a plurality of support units. The support bodies in the plaque contact regions are connected by connecting ribs, and the support bodies in the vascular contact regions are connected by connecting ribs; the cross-section of the vascular contact region is circular; the plaque contact region includes an eccentric plaque contact region and / or a concentric plaque contact region, the cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact region is elliptical, and the cross-section of the concentric plaque contact region is circular. The present invention can be applied to multiple eccentric stenosis environments. The elliptical structure can improve the lumen area of the diseased site, and at the same time can reduce the stress on the blood vessel wall, reducing the risk of restenosis of the blood vessel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a vascular stent applicable to multiple stenosis environments. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the improvement of people's quality of life, the number of Chinese residents suffering from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases has remained high. When the blood vessel wall shows fibrous sclerosis or necrotic cells and emboli in the blood accumulate and adhere to the blood vessel wall, it will cause blood vessel stenosis, and in severe cases, it will lead to blood vessel obstruction and death. Therefore, the problem of blood vessel stenosis is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Currently, when there are multiple plaques in a section of blood vessel, the clinical treatment plan often chooses to implant multiple vascular stents successively, which not only increases the surgical difficulty and causes multiple injuries to the blood vessel, but also increases the risk of restenosis of the blood vessel after surgery. Although there are a small number of existing technologies that have proposed a new type of vascular stent for the disease of multiple blood vessel stenosis, this kind of stent only targets the concentric symmetric plaques of multiple stenosis in round and straight blood vessels. However, in many actual cases, the multiple stenosis plaques of patients are not all symmetric stenosis or concentric, that is, there are multiple eccentric stenosis plaques. If this kind of disease continues to use ordinary stents or existing stents, the diseased blood vessel after surgery often cannot achieve the effect of having a good lumen shape and lumen area. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above technical problems, one of the purposes of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a vascular stent applicable to multiple stenosis environments. The stent adopts a partition design, including multiple blood vessel contact areas and plaque contact areas, which reduces the damage to the blood vessel caused by multiple stent implantations.

[0004] One of the purposes of one embodiment of the present invention is that the eccentric plaque contact area of the stent of the present invention is designed into a structure with an elliptical cross-section along the circumferential direction, and the blood vessel contact area and the concentric plaque contact area are designed into structures with a traditional circular cross-section along the circumferential direction. It can be applied to multiple eccentric stenosis environments. Compared with the prior art, the elliptical structure can improve the lumen area of the diseased part, and at the same time can reduce the stress on the blood vessel wall, reducing the risk of blood vessel restenosis.

[0005] One of the purposes of one embodiment of the present invention is that the support unit of the plaque contact area of the stent of the present invention is designed into a closed-loop "8" type structure, and the inside of the support body is connected by I-shaped straight bar connecting ribs. Such a design improves the radial stiffness of the stent at multiple diseased sites, making the stent have good anchoring properties.

[0006] One of the objectives of one embodiment of the present invention is the targeted design of the eccentric plaque contact area and the concentric plaque contact area of the stent of the present invention, which can be clinically applied not only in multiple eccentric stenosis environments but also in multiple concentric stenosis environments, with strong adaptability, reducing the surgical difficulty, minimizing the damage to the vascular wall, and decreasing the incidence of thrombosis.

[0007] One of the objectives of one embodiment of the present invention is that the support units in the vascular contact area of the present invention are formed by a flexible structure, and the interiors of the supports are connected by "S"-shaped connecting ribs; the vascular contact area and the plaque contact area of the vascular stent are connected by "S"-shaped connecting ribs. This structural design endows the stent with good flexibility, reducing the damage to the blood vessel during stent implantation. Due to its good flexibility, in addition to being applicable to multiple stenoses in straight blood vessels, it can also be clinically applied to multiple stenoses in curved blood vessels.

[0008] Note that the recitation of these objectives does not preclude the existence of other objectives. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily achieve all of the above objectives. Objectives other than the above can be extracted from the descriptions in the specification, drawings, and claims.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A vascular stent applicable to multiple stenosis environments, comprising a plurality of groups of vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas;

[0011] The vascular contact areas and the plaque contact areas are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the stent. The adjacent vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas are connected by connecting ribs. The plaque contact areas and the vascular contact areas each include multiple groups of supports, and each group of supports includes multiple support units. The supports in the plaque contact areas are connected by connecting ribs, and the supports in the vascular contact areas are connected by connecting ribs;

[0012] The cross-section of the vascular contact area is circular; the plaque contact area includes an eccentric plaque contact area and / or a concentric plaque contact area. The cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact area is elliptical, and the cross-section of the concentric plaque contact area is circular.

[0013] In the above solution, the support unit in the plaque contact area is an "8"-shaped closed-loop structure.

[0014] In the above solution, the support unit in the vascular contact area is a "J"-shaped wave structure.

[0015] In the above solution, the adjacent vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas are connected by S-shaped connecting ribs; the supports in the plaque contact areas are connected by I-shaped straight rod connecting ribs, and the supports in the vascular contact areas are connected by S-shaped connecting ribs.

[0016] Furthermore, the width W2 of the I-shaped straight bar connecting rib between the support bodies in the plaque contact area is 1.1 - 1.3 times the width W1 of the S-shaped connecting rib between the support bodies in the blood vessel contact area. The width W3 of the S-shaped connecting rib between the plaque contact area and the blood vessel contact area is 1.1 - 1.2 times the width W1 of the S-shaped connecting rib between the support bodies in the blood vessel contact area. The width W4 of the support body in the blood vessel contact area is 0.7 - 0.9 times the width W5 of the support body in the plaque contact area.

[0017] In the above solution, the stent thicknesses of the blood vessel contact area and the plaque contact area are the same, both being 1.2 - 1.5 times the width W5 of the support body in the plaque contact area.

[0018] In the above solution, the ellipticity of the cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact area is 0.2 - 0.3.

[0019] In the above solution, the vascular stent is made of cobalt-chromium alloy, bioresorbable magnesium alloy or nickel-titanium alloy by 3D printing.

[0020] In the above solution, the adjacent groups of support bodies in the blood vessel contact area are mirror-symmetrically distributed.

[0021] In the above solution, the "ji"-shaped wave structure includes a three-quarter arc part in the middle and quarter-arc strip parts respectively connected to both ends of the arc.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] According to one aspect of the present invention, a vascular stent applicable to a multi-stenosis environment is provided. The stent adopts a partition design, including multiple blood vessel contact areas and plaque contact areas, reducing the damage to blood vessels caused by multiple stent implantations.

[0024] According to one aspect of the present invention, the support unit in the plaque contact area of the inventive stent is designed as a closed-loop "8"-shaped structure, and the support bodies are connected by I-shaped straight bar connecting ribs internally. Such a design improves the radial stiffness of the stent at multiple lesions, enabling the stent to have good anchoring properties.

[0025] According to one aspect of the present invention, the targeted design of the eccentric plaque contact area and the concentric plaque contact area of the inventive stent can be clinically applied not only in a multi-eccentric stenosis environment but also in a multi-concentric stenosis environment, with strong adaptability, reducing the surgical difficulty, minimizing the damage to the blood vessel wall, and reducing the incidence of thrombosis.

[0026] According to one aspect of the present invention, the eccentric plaque contact area of the stent of the present invention is designed to have an elliptical cross-sectional structure along the circumferential direction, and the blood vessel contact area and the concentric plaque contact area are designed to have a conventional circular cross-sectional structure along the circumferential direction. It can be applied to multiple eccentric stenosis environments. Compared with the prior art, the elliptical structure can improve the lumen area of the lesion site, reduce the stress on the blood vessel wall at the same time, and reduce the risk of restenosis.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present invention, the support unit of the blood vessel contact area of the present invention is composed of a flexible structure, and the inside of the support body is connected by an "S"-shaped connecting rib; the blood vessel contact area and the plaque contact area of the blood vessel stent are connected by an "S"-shaped connecting rib. This structural design enables the stent to have good flexibility and reduces the damage to the blood vessel during stent implantation. Due to its good flexibility, in addition to being applicable to multiple stenoses in straight blood vessels, it can also be clinically applied to multiple stenotic blood vessels at curved sites.

[0028] Note that the description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. One aspect of the present invention does not necessarily have to have all of the above effects. Effects other than the above can be obviously seen and extracted from the descriptions in the specification, drawings, claims, etc. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the circumferentially unfolded planar structure of the blood vessel stent according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a multiple eccentric stenosis lesion site with both eccentric plaques and concentric plaques according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a partially enlarged view of the detailed structure of the plaque contact area according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a partially enlarged view of the detailed structure of the blood vessel contact area according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged view of the detailed structure of the connection of the blood vessel stent according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the blood vessel stent according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 is Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of the blood vessel contact area A-A of the blood vessel stent in

[0036] Figure 8 is Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of the eccentric plaque contact area B-B of the blood vessel stent in

[0037] Figure 9 is Figure 6 The C-C cross-sectional view of the concentric plaque contact area of the vascular stent in

[0038] Figure 10 The combined effect diagram of the vascular stent of Embodiment 1 of the present invention and the multiple eccentric stenosis sites.

[0039] Figure 11 The schematic diagram of the multiple eccentric stenosis lesion site with only eccentric plaques in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 12 The schematic diagram of the circumferentially expanded planar structure of the vascular stent in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 13 The overall structure schematic diagram of the vascular stent in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 14 The cross-sectional view of the blood vessel contact area of the vascular stent in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 15 The cross-sectional view of the eccentric plaque contact area of the vascular stent in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 16 The combined effect diagram of the vascular stent of Embodiment 2 of the present invention and the multiple eccentric stenosis sites.

[0045] In the figure: 1 - First plaque area, 2 - Vessel wall, 3 - Second plaque area, 4 - Third plaque area, 5 - First support of the first vessel contact area, 6 - First vessel contact area, 7 - Second support of the first vessel contact area, 8 - First support of the first plaque contact area, 9 - Second support of the first plaque contact area, 10 - First plaque contact area, 11 - Third support of the first plaque contact area, 12 - First support of the second vessel contact area, 13 - Second support of the second vessel contact area, 14 - Second vessel contact area, 15 - Third support of the second vessel contact area, 16 - First support of the second plaque contact area, 17 - Second support of the second plaque contact area, 18 - Second plaque contact area, 19 - Third support of the second plaque contact area, 20 - First support of the third vessel contact area, 21 - Third vessel contact area, 22 - Second support of the third vessel contact area, 23 - First support of the third plaque contact area, 24 - Second support of the third plaque contact area, 25 - Third plaque contact area, 26 - Third support of the third plaque contact area, 27 - First support of the fourth vessel contact area, 28 - Fourth vessel contact area, 29 - Second support of the fourth vessel contact area, 30 - First connecting rib inside the first vessel contact area, 31 - First connecting rib between the first vessel contact area and the first plaque contact area, 32 - First connecting rib inside the first plaque contact area, 33 - Second connecting rib inside the first plaque contact area, 34 - First connecting rib between the first plaque contact area and the second vessel contact area, 35 - First connecting rib inside the second vessel contact area, 36 - Second connecting rib inside the second vessel contact area, 37 - First connecting rib between the second vessel contact area and the second plaque contact area, 38 - First connecting rib inside the second plaque contact area, 39 - Second connecting rib inside the second plaque contact area, 40 - First connecting rib between the second plaque contact area and the third vessel contact, 41 - First connecting rib inside the third vessel contact area, 42 - First connecting rib between the third vessel contact area and the third plaque contact area, 43 - First connecting rib inside the third plaque contact area, 44 - Second connecting rib inside the third plaque contact area, 45 - First connecting rib between the third plaque contact area and the fourth vessel contact area, 46 - First connecting rib inside the fourth vessel contact area, 47 - Support unit of the plaque contact area, 48 - Support unit of the vessel contact area, W1 - Width of the connecting rib inside the vessel contact area, W2 - Width of the connecting rib between the plaque contact areas, W3 - Width of the connecting rib between the plaque contact area and the vessel contact area, W4 - Width of the support of the vessel contact area, W5 - Width of the support of the plaque contact area, 49 - First plaque area, 50 - Second plaque area, 51 - First support of the first vessel contact area, 52 - First vessel contact area, 53 - Second support of the first vessel contact area, 54 - First support of the first plaque contact area, 55 - Second support of the first plaque contact area56 - The first plaque contact area, 57 - The third support of the first plaque contact area, 58 - The first support of the second blood vessel contact area, 59 - The second support of the second blood vessel contact area, 60 - The second blood vessel contact area, 61 - The third support of the second blood vessel contact area, 62 - The first support of the second plaque contact area, 63 - The second support of the second plaque contact area, 64 - The second plaque contact area, 65 - The third support of the second plaque contact area, 66 - The first support of the third blood vessel contact area, 67 - The third blood vessel contact area, 68 - The second support of the third blood vessel contact area, 69 - The first connecting rib inside the first blood vessel contact area, 70 - The first connecting rib between the first blood vessel contact area and the first plaque contact area, 71 - The first connecting rib inside the first plaque contact area, 72 - The second connecting rib inside the first plaque contact area, 73 - The first connecting rib between the first plaque contact area and the second blood vessel contact area, 74 - The first connecting rib inside the second blood vessel contact area, 75 - The second connecting rib inside the second blood vessel contact area, 76 - The first connecting rib between the second blood vessel contact area and the second plaque contact area, 77 - The first connecting rib inside the second plaque contact area, 78 - The second connecting rib inside the second plaque contact area, 79 - The first connecting rib between the second plaque contact area and the third blood vessel contact, 80 - The first connecting rib inside the third blood vessel contact area., Detailed implementation mode

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] The vascular stent applicable to multiple narrow environments in the present invention includes several groups of vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas; the vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the stent, and adjacent vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas are connected by S-shaped connecting ribs. Both the plaque contact areas and the vascular contact areas respectively include multiple groups of support bodies, each group of support bodies includes multiple support units, the support bodies in the plaque contact areas are connected by connecting ribs, and the support bodies in the vascular contact areas are connected by connecting ribs.

[0050] The cross-section of the vascular contact area is circular; the plaque contact area includes an eccentric plaque contact area and / or a concentric plaque contact area. The cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact area is elliptical, and the cross-section of the concentric plaque contact area is circular.

[0051] The support unit 47 in the plaque contact area is an "8"-shaped closed-loop structure and has rigidity.

[0052] The support unit 48 in the vascular contact area is a "Ji"-shaped wave structure and has flexibility.

[0053] The support bodies in the plaque contact areas are connected by I-shaped straight rod connecting ribs, and the support bodies in the vascular contact areas are connected by S-shaped connecting ribs.

[0054] The width W2 of the I-shaped straight rod connecting ribs between the support bodies in the plaque contact areas is 1.1 - 1.3 times the width W1 of the S-shaped connecting ribs between the support bodies in the vascular contact areas. The width W3 of the S-shaped connecting ribs between the plaque contact area and the vascular contact area is 1.1 - 1.2 times the width W1 of the S-shaped connecting ribs between the support bodies in the vascular contact areas. The width W4 of the support bodies in the vascular contact area is 0.7 - 0.9 times the width W5 of the support bodies in the plaque contact area, so that the radial support performance of the plaque contact area is better.

[0055] The stent thickness of the vascular contact area and the plaque contact area is the same and is 1.2 - 1.5 times the width W5 of the support bodies in the plaque contact area, so that the stress in the plaque contact area is greater than that in the vascular contact area. Increasing the width of the support bodies in the plaque contact area can increase the support ability of the plaque contact area.

[0056] The ellipticity of the cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact area is 0.2 to 0.3, and the elliptical plaque contact area is mounted along the long axis of the ellipse and in contact with the eccentric plaque.

[0057] The vascular stent is a tubular structure made of cobalt-chromium alloy, biodegradable magnesium alloy or nickel-titanium alloy by 3D printing, which is a cylinder, an elliptic cylinder, or a mixture of both.

[0058] The adjacent groups of supports inside the vascular contact area are symmetrically distributed in a mirror image, and the axial stability and anchoring of the stent are better.

[0059] The "J"-shaped wave structure includes an arc part in the middle and strip parts respectively connected to both ends of the arc; the shape of the arc part is a three-quarter arc, and the shape of the strip part is a quarter arc.

[0060] Preferably, the number of the supports is determined according to the length of the stent.

[0061] Preferably, the length of the vascular contact area and the length of the plaque contact area are determined by the imaging data obtained clinically, and the actual length is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of supports.

[0062] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the plaque contact area of the vascular stent depends on the type of the stenotic plaque in the blood vessel. If it is eccentric stenosis, the cross-sectional structure of the eccentric plaque contact area of the stent is elliptical; if it is symmetric concentric stenosis, the cross-sectional structure of the concentric plaque contact area of the stent is circular.

[0063] The present invention can design the stent according to the clinical medical imaging data, and realize the adjustment of the length of the plaque area of the stent and the determination of the ellipticity of the stent in the eccentric plaque area.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] As Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the site of multiple eccentric stenosis lesions of blood vessels in Example 1. Due to the accumulation and attachment of lipids and calcium such as necrotic cells and emboli in the blood on the blood vessel wall, multiple blood vessel plaques are formed. It can be seen from the figure that there are three consecutive stenotic plaques. The first plaque 1 and the third plaque 4 are both eccentric plaques and are respectively distributed on both sides of the blood vessel, while the second plaque 3 is a symmetric concentric plaque.

[0066] As Figure 1 Shown, the vascular stent applicable to the multiple stenosis environment is, from left end to right end along the axis: the first vascular contact area 6, the first plaque contact area 10, the second vascular contact area 14, the second plaque contact area 18, the third vascular contact area 21, the third plaque contact area 25, the fourth vascular contact area 28.

[0067] According to this embodiment, preferably, the first plaque contact area 10, the second plaque contact area 18, and the third plaque contact area 25 each include three sets of support bodies, and each set of support bodies includes six support units.

[0068] According to this embodiment, preferably, the first blood vessel contact area 6 includes two sets of support bodies, and each set of support bodies includes eight support units; the second blood vessel contact area 14 includes three sets of support bodies, and each set of support bodies includes eight support units; the third blood vessel contact area 21 includes two sets of support bodies, and each set of support bodies includes eight support units; the fourth blood vessel contact area 28 includes two sets of support bodies, and each set of support bodies includes eight support units.

[0069] According to this embodiment, preferably, the adjacent sets of support bodies within the first blood vessel contact area 6, the second blood vessel contact area 14, the third blood vessel contact area 21, and the fourth blood vessel contact area 28 are all mirror-symmetrically distributed, and the axial stability and anchoring of the stent are better.

[0070] Specifically, the arrangement from the left end to the right end along the axis is as follows: the first support 5 of the first blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 30 inside the first blood vessel contact area, the second support 7 of the first blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 31 between the first blood vessel contact area and the first plaque contact area, the first support 8 of the first plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 32 inside the first plaque contact area, the second support 9 of the first plaque contact area, the second connecting rib 33 inside the first plaque contact area, the third support 11 of the first plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 34 between the first plaque contact area and the second blood vessel contact area, the first support 12 of the second blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 35 inside the second blood vessel contact area, the second support 13 of the second blood vessel contact area, the second connecting rib 36 inside the second blood vessel contact area, the third support 15 of the second blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 37 between the second blood vessel contact area and the second plaque contact area, the first support 16 of the second plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 38 inside the second plaque contact area, the second support 17 of the second plaque contact area, the second connecting rib 39 inside the second plaque contact area, the third support 19 of the second plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 40 between the second plaque contact area and the third blood vessel contact, the first support 20 of the third blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 41 inside the third blood vessel contact area, the second support 22 of the third blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 42 between the third blood vessel contact area and the third plaque contact area, the first support 23 of the third plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 43 inside the third plaque contact area, the second support 24 of the third plaque contact area, the second connecting rib 44 inside the third plaque contact area, the third support 26 of the third plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 45 between the third plaque contact area and the fourth blood vessel contact area, the first support 27 of the fourth blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 46 inside the fourth blood vessel contact area, and the second support 29 of the fourth blood vessel contact area.

[0071] Such as Figure 3 , 4, as shown in Figures 5, are partial enlarged views of the structure of the connection details of the vascular stent of the present invention. The width W2 of the connecting ribs inside the plaque contact area of the vascular stent is 1.1 - 1.3 times the width W1 of the connecting ribs inside the blood vessel contact area, and the width W3 of the connecting ribs between the plaque contact area and the blood vessel contact area is 1.1 - 1.2 times the width W1 of the connecting ribs inside the blood vessel contact area. The width W4 of the support body in the blood vessel contact area of the vascular stent is 0.7 - 0.9 times the width W5 of the support body in the plaque contact area. Moreover, the number of each group of "I"-shaped connecting ribs inside the plaque contact area of the vascular stent is greater than the number of each group of "S"-shaped connecting ribs inside the blood vessel contact area. Such a design of the structural parameters enables the vascular stent to balance the radial stiffness and flexibility as a whole. The numerical value of the width W5 of the support unit in the plaque contact area of the stent can be designed according to the degree of blood vessel stenosis. The higher the degree of stenosis, the larger the plaque, and the wider the selected support unit width. This enables the stent to have sufficient radial support performance in the plaque area. The support unit in the blood vessel contact area of the vascular stent is composed of a flexible structure, and the inside of the support body is connected by "S"-shaped connecting ribs; the blood vessel contact area and the plaque contact area of the vascular stent are connected by "S"-shaped connecting ribs. These structural designs make the stent structure more stable, have good flexibility, and can reduce the damage to the blood vessel during stent implantation. Due to the excellent flexibility of the stent of the present invention, in addition to being applicable to straight blood vessels, the stent can also be clinically applied to multiply stenosed blood vessels at the bend.

[0072] As Figure 6 shown, is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vascular stent of Embodiment 1, including multiple groups of plaque contact areas and blood vessel contact areas. The blood vessel contact areas and the plaque contact areas are arranged axially in an alternating manner. The stent from the left end to the right end along the axis is: the first blood vessel contact area 6, the first plaque contact area 10, the second blood vessel contact area 14, the second plaque contact area 18, the third blood vessel contact area 21, the third plaque contact area 25, and the fourth blood vessel contact area 28. As Figure 6 , the cross-sections in the A-A, B-B, and C-C directions are respectively as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, taking the cross-section A-A of the first blood vessel contact area of the stent as an example, the cross-section along the circumferential direction of the blood vessel contact area of the blood vessel stent is a conventional circular cross-section, that is, the cross-sections of the first blood vessel contact area 6, the second blood vessel contact area 14, the third blood vessel contact area 21, and the fourth blood vessel contact area 28 are all circular cross-sections; taking the cross-section B-B of the first plaque contact area of the stent as an example, the cross-section along the circumferential direction of the eccentric plaque contact area of the blood vessel stent is an elliptical cross-section, that is, the cross-sections of the first plaque contact area 10 and the third plaque contact area 25 are elliptical cross-sections; taking the cross-section C-C of the second plaque contact area of the stent as an example, the cross-section along the circumferential direction of the concentric plaque contact area of the blood vessel stent is a conventional circular cross-section, that is, the cross-section of the second plaque contact area 18 is a circular cross-section. The ellipticity of the stent eccentric plaque contact area is between 0.2 and 0.3 Among them, the long axis is in contact with the plaque, and the specific value of the ellipticity is determined based on clinical medical imaging data. The imaging data can show the stenosis degree of the multiple non-uniform stenoses at the diseased blood vessel. According to the different stenosis degrees, a smaller ellipticity is selected for mild eccentric stenosis, while a larger ellipticity is selected for severe eccentric stenosis. The elliptical structural design is applied to the blood vessel lesions with multiple eccentric stenoses. Its elliptical structure can maximize the improvement of the lumen area at the diseased site through the coupling effect with the eccentric plaque of the stenosis, and at the same time, it can reduce the stress on the blood vessel wall, reduce the risk of blood vessel restenosis, and improve the safety factor of the stent.

[0073] Such as Figure 10As shown, it is the combined effect diagram of the vascular stent and the multiple eccentric stenosis site in Embodiment 1. The vascular stent is delivered to the lesion site through a delivery device. After the compressed vascular stent is delivered to the lesion site through a catheter, it should be noted that when the interventional doctor locates the stent, the stent needs to be installed and positioned along the long axis direction of the elliptical cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact area and in contact with the lesion eccentric plaque. After positioning, the catheter is withdrawn to release and rebound the self-expanding stent until the diseased blood vessel is expanded. Among them, the first plaque contact area 10, the second plaque contact area 18, and the third plaque contact area 25 are combined with the first plaque area 1, the second plaque area 3, and the third plaque area 4 respectively after the stent is expanded. The length of the blood vessel contact area and the plaque contact area of the stent depends on the image data obtained clinically, and their actual lengths are adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of support bodies. Among them, the lengths of the first plaque contact area 10, the second plaque contact area 18, and the third plaque contact area 25 of the vascular stent are slightly longer than the plaque length. The first blood vessel contact area 6, the second blood vessel contact area 14, the third blood vessel contact area 21, and the fourth blood vessel contact area 28 do not contact the plaque after expansion. Among them, the lengths of the first blood vessel contact area 6 and the fourth blood vessel contact area 28 are slightly shorter than the stent lengths of the first plaque contact area 10, the second plaque contact area 18, and the third plaque contact area 25. The stent lengths of the second blood vessel contact area 14 and the third blood vessel contact area 21 are determined by the distance between the first plaque area 6 and the second plaque area 18 and the distance between the second plaque area 18 and the third plaque area 25 respectively. The support unit 47 of the plaque contact area of the vascular stent is designed as a closed-loop "8" structure, and the inside of the support bodies is connected by an "I"-shaped connecting rib. Such a design improves the radial stiffness of the stent at multiple lesions and enables the stent to have good anchoring properties.

[0074] Embodiment 2

[0075] As Figure 11 shown is the schematic diagram of the multiple eccentric stenosis lesion site of blood vessels in Embodiment 2. It can be seen from the figure that both plaques are eccentric plaques and are distributed on both sides of the blood vessel, that is, this blood vessel lesion is called multiple non-uniform stenosis or multiple eccentric stenosis.

[0076] As Figure 12As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the circumferential expansion of the vascular stent in Embodiment 2. The arrangement of the internal structure of the vascular stent along the axial direction from the left end to the right end is as follows: the first support 51 in the first blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 69 inside the first blood vessel contact area, the second support 53 in the first blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 70 between the first blood vessel contact area and the first plaque contact area, the first support 54 in the first plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 71 inside the first plaque contact area, the second support 55 in the first plaque contact area, the second connecting rib 72 inside the first plaque contact area, the third support 57 in the first plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 73 between the first plaque contact area and the second blood vessel contact area, the first support 58 in the second blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 74 inside the second blood vessel contact area, the second support 59 in the second blood vessel contact area, the second connecting rib 75 inside the second blood vessel contact area, the third support 61 in the second blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 76 between the second blood vessel contact area and the second plaque contact area, the first support 62 in the second plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 77 inside the second plaque contact area, the second support 63 in the second plaque contact area, the second connecting rib 78 inside the second plaque contact area, the third support 65 in the second plaque contact area, the first connecting rib 79 between the second plaque contact area and the third blood vessel contact, the first support 66 in the third blood vessel contact area, the first connecting rib 80 inside the third blood vessel contact area, and the second support 68 in the third blood vessel contact area.

[0077] As Figure 13 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vascular stent in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The stent along the axial direction from the left end to the right end is respectively: the first blood vessel contact area 52, the first plaque contact area 56, the second blood vessel contact area 60, the second plaque contact area 64, and the third blood vessel contact area 67. As Figure 13 shown, the cross-sections in the D-D and E-E directions are respectively as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown. Taking the cross-sectional shapes of the first blood vessel contact area 52 and the first plaque contact area 56 as examples respectively, the plaque contact areas of the vascular stent are all elliptical cross-sectional structures along the circumferential direction, that is, the cross-sections of the first plaque contact area 56 and the second plaque contact area 64 are both elliptical cross-sections; the blood vessel contact areas of the stent are circular cross-sections along the circumferential direction, that is, the cross-sections of the first blood vessel contact area 52, the second blood vessel contact area 60, and the third blood vessel contact area 67 are all circular cross-sections. The ellipticity of the stent plaque contact area is between 0.2 and 0.3 The specific value of the ellipticity is determined based on clinical medical imaging data.

[0078] As Figure 16As shown, it is the effect diagram of the blood vessel stent of Embodiment 2 combined with a multi-eccentric stenosis site. The elliptical plaque contact area of the blood vessel stent is installed in contact with the eccentric plaque along the long axis direction of the ellipse. Among them, the first plaque contact area 56 and the second plaque contact area 64 are respectively combined with the first plaque area 49 and the second plaque area 50 after the stent expands. The lengths of the first plaque contact area 56 and the second plaque contact area 64 should be slightly longer than the plaque length. The first blood vessel contact area 52, the second blood vessel contact area 60, and the third blood vessel contact area 67 do not contact the plaque after expansion. The lengths of the blood vessel contact area and the plaque contact area of the stent depend on the image data obtained by clinical measurement, and their actual lengths are adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of support bodies. Among them, the lengths of the first blood vessel contact area 52 and the third blood vessel contact area 67 are slightly shorter than the lengths of the first plaque contact area 56 and the second plaque contact area 64 of the stent, and the length of the third blood vessel contact area 60 of the stent is determined by the distance between the first plaque area 56 and the second plaque area 64.

[0079] The blood vessel stent of the present invention applicable to a multi-stenosis environment is not limited to the disease conditions of two or three local stenoses in the blood vessel. The distribution positions and quantities of the stent blood vessel contact area structure and the plaque contact area structure can be customized according to the actual distribution of the number of local stenoses in the blood vessel.

[0080] The blood vessel stent of the present invention applicable to a multi-stenosis environment adopts a partition design. The stent is formed by staggered connection of several groups of blood vessel contact areas and plaque contact areas. The cross-section of the blood vessel contact area of the stent is circular. The plaque contact area of the stent can be divided into an eccentric plaque contact area and a concentric plaque contact area. The cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact area of the blood vessel stent is elliptical, and the cross-section of the concentric plaque contact area of the blood vessel stent is circular. Its elliptical structure design can improve the lumen area of the diseased blood vessel, and at the same time can reduce the stress of the blood vessel media layer, reducing the risk of blood vessel restenosis. The support body unit of the plaque contact area of the stent is composed of a closed-loop "8"-shaped rigid support body unit, and the interiors of the support bodies are connected by "I"-shaped connecting ribs, which can improve the radial stiffness of the stent, so that the stent has good anchoring and wall attachment properties. The support body of the blood vessel contact area of the blood vessel stent is composed of a flexible support body unit, and the interiors of the support bodies are connected by "S"-shaped connecting ribs. The blood vessel contact area and the plaque contact area of the blood vessel stent are also connected by "S"-shaped connecting ribs, which makes the stent have good flexibility and can reduce the damage to the blood vessel caused by stent implantation. In addition to being applicable to multiple stenoses in straight blood vessels, this stent can also be clinically applied to multiple stenoses in curved blood vessels.

[0081] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0082] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of the feasible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vascular stent applicable to multiple narrow environments, characterized in that, It includes several groups of vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas; The vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the stent. The adjacent vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas are connected by connecting ribs. Both the plaque contact areas and the vascular contact areas respectively include multiple groups of support bodies. Each group of support bodies includes multiple support units. The support bodies in the plaque contact areas are connected by connecting ribs, and the support bodies in the vascular contact areas are connected by connecting ribs; The cross-section of the vascular contact area is circular; the plaque contact area includes an eccentric plaque contact area and / or a concentric plaque contact area. The cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact area is elliptical, and the cross-section of the concentric plaque contact area is circular; The support unit (47) of the plaque contact area is an "8"-shaped closed-loop structure; The support unit (48) of the vascular contact area is a "ji"-shaped wave structure; the "ji"-shaped wave structure includes a three-quarter circular arc part in the middle and quarter-circular arc strip parts respectively connected to both ends of the arc.

2. The vascular stent applicable to a multi-narrow environment according to claim 1, wherein The adjacent vascular contact areas and plaque contact areas are connected by an S-shaped connecting rib; the support bodies in the plaque contact areas are connected by an I-shaped straight rod connecting rib, and the support bodies in the vascular contact areas are connected by an S-shaped connecting rib.

3. The vascular stent applicable to a multi-narrow environment according to claim 2, wherein The width W2 of the I-shaped straight rod connecting rib between the support bodies in the plaque contact area is 1.1 - 1.3 times the width W1 of the S-shaped connecting rib between the support bodies in the vascular contact area. The width W3 of the S-shaped connecting rib between the plaque contact area and the vascular contact area is 1.1 - 1.2 times the width W1 of the S-shaped connecting rib between the support bodies in the vascular contact area. The width W4 of the support body in the vascular contact area is 0.7 - 0.9 times the width W5 of the support body in the plaque contact area.

4. The vascular stent applicable to a multi-narrow environment according to claim 1, wherein The stent thickness of the vascular contact area and the plaque contact area is the same, and is 1.2 - 1.5 times the width W5 of the support body in the plaque contact area.

5. The vascular stent applicable to multiple narrow environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ellipticity of the cross-section of the eccentric plaque contact area is 0.2 - 0.

3.

6. The vascular stent applicable to multiple narrow environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vascular stent is made of cobalt-chromium alloy or bioresorbable magnesium alloy or nickel-titanium alloy by 3D printing.

7. The vascular stent applicable to a multi-narrow environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent groups of support bodies inside the vascular contact area are symmetrically distributed in a mirror image.

Images