A multi-channel fan state detection device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-channel fan state detection device and method in the field of fan state detection technology, the device includes an MCU and several fan control modules; the fan control module includes an access state detection circuit, a start-stop control circuit, an operation state detection circuit and an operation state indication circuit; one end of the access state detection circuit is connected to the operation state indication circuit, and the other end is connected to the start-stop control circuit; one end of the operation state detection circuit is connected to the start-stop control circuit, and the other end is connected to the operation state indication circuit; the MCU is respectively connected to the start-stop control circuit, the operation state detection circuit and the operation state indication circuit. The advantages of the present invention are: greatly improving the reliability of fan operation and greatly reducing the power consumption of fan operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fan status detection, and in particular to a multi-channel fan status detection device and method. Background Art

[0002] A fan is a device used for heat dissipation. Various devices that generate a lot of heat during operation need to use fans for heat dissipation, such as power cabinets, chemical distribution cabinets and other equipment. When the fan cannot operate normally, it will directly affect the stability of the corresponding equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the operating status of the fan in real time.

[0003] However, traditionally, the operating status of the fan can only be checked manually and regularly, which has poor timeliness. When the fan malfunctions, the fan cannot be shut down in time, and the idle fan cannot be controlled to replace the faulty fan to reduce the impact of the faulty fan. When the ambient temperature is low, the fan cannot be shut down intelligently to reduce power consumption. It cannot be linked with the equipment. For example, when the fan is damaged, the relevant equipment cannot be informed to make corresponding adjustments to the output power.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a multi-channel fan status detection device and method to improve the fan operation reliability and reduce the fan operation power consumption has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-channel fan status detection device and method to improve the fan operation reliability and reduce the fan operation power consumption.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-channel fan status detection device, comprising an MCU and a plurality of fan control modules;

[0007] The fan control module includes a connection status detection circuit, a start-stop control circuit, an operation status detection circuit and an operation status indication circuit;

[0008] One end of the access status detection circuit is connected to the operation status indication circuit, and the other end is connected to the start-stop control circuit; one end of the operation status detection circuit is connected to the start-stop control circuit, and the other end is connected to the operation status indication circuit; the MCU is respectively connected to the start-stop control circuit, the operation status detection circuit and the operation status indication circuit.

[0009] Further, the access status detection circuit includes an optical coupler K1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a transistor Q1, a diode VD1, a diode VD2 and a fuse F1;

[0010] The emitter of the optical coupler K1 is connected to the operation status indication circuit, the positive input terminal is connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R1 and the collector of the transistor Q1, and the negative input terminal is connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R1 and the resistor R4; the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the resistor R2, and the emitter is connected to the input terminal of the diode VD1; the input terminal of the diode VD2 is connected to the output terminal of the diode VD1 and the resistor R3, and the output terminal is connected to the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the fuse F1; the fuse F1 is connected to the start-stop control circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the start-stop control circuit includes an optical coupler K2, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18 and a MOS tube Q5;

[0012] The collector of the optocoupler K2 is connected to the resistor R16 and the resistor R18, the emitter is grounded, the positive input terminal is connected to the resistor R17, and the negative input terminal is grounded; the resistor R17 is connected to the MCU; the gate of the MOS tube Q5 is connected to the resistor R18, the source is connected to the access status detection circuit, and the drain is connected to the operation status detection circuit.

[0013] Further, the operation status detection circuit includes a MOS tube Q4, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a wiring terminal J1;

[0014] The input end of the diode D2 is connected to the operation status indication circuit, and the output end is connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q4 and the output end of the diode D3; the gate of the MOS tube Q4 is connected to the resistor R14, the capacitor C4, the output end of the diode D4, the resistor R13 and the operation status indication circuit, and the source is connected to the resistor R14, the capacitor C4, the input end of the diode D4 and the resistor R15 and grounded; the pin 1 of the terminal J1 is connected to the start-stop control circuit, the pin 2 is connected to the resistor R11 and the resistor R13, and the pin 3 is grounded; one end of the resistor R12 is connected to the resistor R10, the capacitor C3 and the input end of the diode D3, and the other end is connected to the MCU.

[0015] Further, the operation status indication circuit includes a MOS tube Q2, a MOS tube Q3, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a capacitor C2 and a light emitting diode D1;

[0016] The input end of the light emitting diode D1 is connected to the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 respectively, and the output end is grounded; one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q2 and the operation status detection circuit, and the other end is grounded;

[0017] The gate of the MOS tube Q3 is connected to the resistor R5 and the operation status detection circuit, the drain is connected to the resistor R8, and the source is connected to the resistor R5, the resistor R6, the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the access status detection circuit; the drain of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the resistor R9; one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the resistor R6 and the MCU, and the other end is grounded.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multi-channel fan status detection method, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step S10, connect the fan to the terminal J1, and the MCU starts the fan through the start-stop control module;

[0020] Step S20, when the operation status indication circuit detects that the fan is operating normally through the operation status detection circuit, the light emitting diode D1 is controlled to light up green;

[0021] Step S30, the MCU detects the operating status of the fan in real time through the operating status indication circuit and the operating status detection circuit, and shuts down the fan through the start-stop control module when the fan operates abnormally;

[0022] Step S40, the MCU periodically restarts the fan to verify whether the fan has returned to normal, and records the number of restarts, and triggers a fault alarm based on the number of restarts;

[0023] Step S50: Replace the fan based on the fault alarm and reset the restart times.

[0024] Furthermore, the step S10 is specifically as follows:

[0025] Connect the fan's FAN+ pin, FAN_RD pin, and FAN- pin to pins 1, 2, and 3 of terminal J1 respectively. The MCU starts the fan by turning on the MOS tube Q5 of the start-stop control module.

[0026] The step S20 is specifically as follows:

[0027] When the fan operates normally, a low level is output to the terminal J1 through the FAN_RD pin and transmitted to the gate of the MOS tube Q2. The source of the MOS tube Q2 is a high level and the gate is a low level, and then a high level is output through the drain, turning on the light-emitting device on the right side of the light-emitting diode D1 to light up the green light.

[0028] Furthermore, the step S30 is specifically as follows:

[0029] When the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a low level, it determines that the fan has poor contact with the terminal J1; when the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a high level and MCU_RD_IN is at a low level, it determines that the fan is operating normally; when the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a high level and MCU_RD_IN is at a high level, it determines that the fan is operating abnormally;

[0030] When the fan operates abnormally, the MCU turns off the fan by disconnecting the MOS tube Q5 of the start-stop control module.

[0031] Furthermore, the step S40 specifically includes:

[0032] Step S41, MCU sets a restart cycle and an alarm number threshold;

[0033] Step S42: The MCU controls the fan to restart periodically based on the restart cycle, and determines whether the fan has returned to normal by reading the MCU_FAN_IN signal and the MCU_RD_IN signal. If so, the fan is allowed to keep running; if not, the process proceeds to step S43:

[0034] Step S43, record the restart times of the fan, and determine whether the restart times are greater than the alarm times threshold. If so, trigger a fault alarm; if not, proceed to step S42.

[0035] Furthermore, the step S20 further includes:

[0036] The MCU obtains the operating temperature of the fan installation equipment, and controls the start and stop of each fan based on the operating temperature and a preset temperature threshold;

[0037] The step S30 further includes:

[0038] When a fan is shut down due to an operational abnormality, an idle fan is started to assist in heat dissipation or to reduce the output power of the equipment where the fan is installed.

[0039] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0040] 1. By setting the MCU to be connected with the start-stop control circuit, the operation status detection circuit and the operation status indication circuit respectively, the MCU can detect the operation status of the fan in real time through the operation status detection circuit and the operation status indication circuit, and indicate the operation status of the fan through the light-emitting diode D1 of the operation status indication circuit (the fan is not connected and the light is off, the fan is running normally and the light is red when the fan is running abnormally). When the fan is running abnormally, the fan can be shut down in time through the start-stop control circuit, and the idle fan can be started through the start-stop control circuit to replace the abnormal fan for heat dissipation, or the fan installation equipment can be notified by the MCU to reduce the output power to reduce the impact of the abnormal operation of the fan. The fan can also be actively shut down when the ambient temperature is low to reduce power consumption, which ultimately greatly improves the reliability of the fan operation and greatly reduces the power consumption of the fan operation.

[0041] 2. By setting the optocoupler K1 in the access status detection circuit, the high and low voltages are isolated to solve the incompatibility problem under different voltage working conditions.

[0042] 3. By setting diodes VD1 and VD2, when PVCC and GND_IN are reversely connected, diodes VD1 and VD2 will be in the cut-off state, thus playing a role in reverse connection protection.

[0043] 4. By setting the fuse F1, when pins 1 and 3 of the terminal J1 are short-circuited, the fuse F1 will be in a high resistance state for a short time, cutting off the current in the circuit and playing an overcurrent protection role. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Figure 1 The invention discloses a circuit principle block diagram of a multi-channel fan status detection device.

[0046] Figure 2 The invention discloses a circuit diagram of a multi-channel fan status detection device.

[0047] Figure 3 It is a wiring diagram of the MCU of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 The present invention is a flow chart of a multi-channel fan status detection method.

[0049] Marking Description:

[0050] 100-a multi-channel fan status detection device, 1-MCU, 2-fan control module, 21-access status detection circuit, 22-start and stop control circuit, 23-operation status detection circuit, 24-operation status indication circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application has the following overall idea: MCU1 is set to be connected to the start-stop control circuit 22, the operation status detection circuit 23 and the operation status indication circuit 24 respectively, MCU1 detects the operation status of the fan in real time through the operation status detection circuit 23 and the operation status indication circuit 24, and indicates the operation status of the fan through the light-emitting diode D1 of the operation status indication circuit 24. When the fan operates abnormally, the fan is shut down through the start-stop control circuit 22, and an idle fan is started to replace the abnormally operating fan, or the fan installation equipment is notified through MCU1 to reduce the output power, and the fan is actively shut down when the ambient temperature is low, so as to improve the operating reliability of the fan and reduce the operating power consumption of the fan.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a preferred embodiment of a multi-channel fan state detection device of the present invention includes an MCU1 and a plurality of fan control modules 2; the MCU1 is used to detect the operating state of the fan, receive instructions from the host computer through the communication module, communicate with the fan installation equipment to obtain the operating temperature, and control the start and stop of the fan. In the specific implementation, it is sufficient to select an MCU1 that can realize this function from the prior art, and it is not limited to any model, such as the MCU1 of the STM32F103 series of ST Company, and the control program is well known to those skilled in the art, which can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor;

[0053] The fan control module 2 includes a connection status detection circuit 21, a start-stop control circuit 22, an operation status detection circuit 23 and an operation status indication circuit 24;

[0054] One end of the access status detection circuit 21 is connected to the operation status indication circuit 24, and the other end is connected to the start-stop control circuit 22; one end of the operation status detection circuit 23 is connected to the start-stop control circuit 22, and the other end is connected to the operation status indication circuit 24; the MCU1 is respectively connected to the start-stop control circuit 22, the operation status detection circuit 23 and the operation status indication circuit 24.

[0055] The access status detection circuit 21 includes an optical coupler K1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a transistor Q1, a diode VD1, a diode VD2 and a fuse F1; the fuse F1 is a self-recovering fuse;

[0056] The emitter of the optocoupler K1 is connected to the operation status indication circuit 24, the positive input terminal is connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R1 and the collector of the transistor Q1, and the negative input terminal is connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R1 and the resistor R4; the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the resistor R2, and the emitter is connected to the input terminal of the diode VD1; the input terminal of the diode VD2 is connected to the output terminal of the diode VD1 and the resistor R3, and the output terminal is connected to the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the fuse F1; the fuse F1 is connected to the start-stop control circuit 22.

[0057] The start-stop control circuit 22 includes an optical coupler K2, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18 and a MOS tube Q5;

[0058] The collector of the optocoupler K2 is connected to the resistor R16 and the resistor R18, the emitter is grounded, the positive input terminal is connected to the resistor R17, and the negative input terminal is grounded; the resistor R17 is connected to the MCU1; the gate of the MOS tube Q5 is connected to the resistor R18, the source is connected to the access status detection circuit 21, and the drain is connected to the operation status detection circuit 23.

[0059] The operation status detection circuit 23 includes a MOS tube Q4, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a wiring terminal J1; pins 1, 2, and 3 of the wiring terminal J1 are respectively used to connect the FAN+ pin, FAN_RD pin, and FAN- pin of the fan; the FAN+ pin is the positive electrode of the power supply, the FAN- pin is the negative electrode of the power supply, and the FAN_RD pin is the pin for the fan to output signals to the outside; only when pins 1 and 3 of the wiring terminal J1 are connected to the FAN+ pin and the FAN- pin of the fan, the wiring terminal J1 is turned on to form a loop;

[0060] The input end of the diode D2 is connected to the operation status indication circuit 24, and the output end is connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q4 and the output end of the diode D3; the gate of the MOS tube Q4 is connected to the resistor R14, the capacitor C4, the output end of the diode D4, the resistor R13 and the operation status indication circuit 24, and the source is connected to the resistor R14, the capacitor C4, the input end of the diode D4 and the resistor R15 and grounded; the pin 1 of the terminal J1 is connected to the start-stop control circuit 22, the pin 2 is connected to the resistor R11 and the resistor R13, and the pin 3 is grounded; one end of the resistor R12 is connected to the resistor R10, the capacitor C3 and the input end of the diode D3, and the other end is connected to the MCU1.

[0061] The operation status indicating circuit 24 includes a MOS transistor Q2, a MOS transistor Q3, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a capacitor C2 and a light emitting diode D1; the light emitting device on the left side of the light emitting diode D1 is used to emit red light, and the light emitting device on the right side is used to emit green light;

[0062] The input end of the light emitting diode D1 is connected to the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 respectively, and the output end is grounded; one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q2 and the operation status detection circuit 23, and the other end is grounded;

[0063] The gate of the MOS tube Q3 is connected to the resistor R5 and the operation status detection circuit 23, the drain is connected to the resistor R8, and the source is connected to the resistor R5, the resistor R6, the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the access status detection circuit 21; the drain of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the resistor R9; one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the resistor R6 and the MCU1, and the other end is grounded.

[0064] The resistor R3 is an adjustable resistor, and the transistor Q1 is a PNP transistor.

[0065] The MOS tube Q4 is an NMOS tube.

[0066] The MOS transistor Q2 and the MOS transistor Q3 are both PMOS transistors.

[0067] A preferred embodiment of a multi-channel fan status detection method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0068] Step S10, connect the fan to the terminal J1, and the MCU starts the fan through the start-stop control module;

[0069] Step S20, when the operation status indication circuit detects that the fan is operating normally through the operation status detection circuit, the light emitting diode D1 is controlled to light up green;

[0070] Step S30, the MCU detects the operating status of the fan in real time through the operating status indication circuit and the operating status detection circuit, and shuts down the fan through the start-stop control module when the fan operates abnormally;

[0071] Step S40, the MCU periodically restarts the fan to verify whether the fan has returned to normal, and records the number of restarts, and triggers a fault alarm based on the number of restarts;

[0072] Step S50: Replace the fan based on the fault alarm and reset the restart times.

[0073] The step S10 is specifically as follows:

[0074] Connect the fan's FAN+ pin, FAN_RD pin, and FAN- pin to pins 1, 2, and 3 of terminal J1 respectively. The MCU starts the fan by turning on the MOS tube Q5 of the start-stop control module.

[0075] The step S20 is specifically as follows:

[0076] When the fan is running normally, a low level is output to pin 2 of terminal J1 through the FAN_RD pin, the level of TP3 is pulled down, and it is transmitted to the gate of MOS tube Q2. The source of MOS tube Q2 is a high level and the gate is a low level, and then a high level is output through the drain, turning on the light-emitting device on the right side of the light-emitting diode D1 to light up the green light.

[0077] The inside of the fan is an open-drain circuit. During normal operation, the MOS tube in the fan short-circuits the FAN_RD signal to the ground, thereby pulling the voltage of resistor R11 down to the ground. When the fan is blocked (operating abnormally), the MOS tube is turned off, and the FAN_RD signal will be pulled up to a high level by resistor R11.

[0078] The step S30 is specifically as follows:

[0079] When the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a low level, it determines that the fan has poor contact with the terminal J1; when the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a high level and MCU_RD_IN is at a low level, it determines that the fan is operating normally; when the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a high level and MCU_RD_IN is at a high level, it determines that the fan is operating abnormally;

[0080] When the fan operates abnormally, the MCU turns off the fan by disconnecting the MOS tube Q5 of the start-stop control module.

[0081] When the fan is not connected to the terminal J1 or the contact is poor, the terminal J1 is in an open circuit state and no loop is formed. The diodes VD1 and VD2 are in a cut-off state. The voltage drop between the base and emitter of the transistor Q1 is insufficient to conduct, and the optocoupler K1 is also in a cut-off state. The emitter of the optocoupler K1 outputs a low level to the operation status indication circuit, the light-emitting diode D1 is off, and the MCU_FAN_IN is a low level.

[0082] When the fan is blocked (operating abnormally), a high level is output to pin 2 of the wiring terminal J1 through the FAN_RD pin, the level of TP3 is pulled up and transmitted to the gate of the MOS tube Q4. The drain and gate of the MOS tube Q4 are both at high levels and cut off, and then a low level is output to the gate of the MOS tube Q3. The source of the MOS tube Q3 is at a high level and the gate is at a low level, and then a high level is output through the drain, turning on the light-emitting device on the left side of the light-emitting diode D1 to light up the red light; since the MOS tube Q4 is cut off at a low level, the diode D3 is turned on, and the MCU_RD_IN is at a high level.

[0083] The step S40 specifically includes:

[0084] Step S41, MCU sets a restart cycle and an alarm number threshold;

[0085] Step S42: The MCU controls the fan to restart periodically based on the restart cycle, and determines whether the fan has returned to normal by reading the MCU_FAN_IN signal and the MCU_RD_IN signal. If so, the fan is allowed to keep running; if not, the process proceeds to step S43:

[0086] Step S43, record the restart times of the fan, and determine whether the restart times are greater than the alarm times threshold. If so, trigger a fault alarm; if not, proceed to step S42.

[0087] The step S20 further includes:

[0088] The MCU obtains the operating temperature of the fan installation equipment, and controls the start and stop of each fan based on the operating temperature and a preset temperature threshold; that is, the fan is started when the operating temperature is higher than the temperature threshold, and the fan is turned off when the operating temperature is lower than the temperature threshold;

[0089] The step S30 further includes:

[0090] When a fan is shut down due to an operational abnormality, an idle fan is started to assist in heat dissipation or to reduce the output power of the equipment where the fan is installed.

[0091] When starting idle fans, the fan control strategy can be combined. For example, if the current fan control strategy requires starting 10 fans and the number of fans actually working is 8, then it is necessary to start 2 more idle fans if conditions permit. When it is no longer possible to start 2 more idle fans, the MCU can control the output power of the fan installation equipment to drop to 80% of the previous value through the communication module.

[0092] In summary, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0093] 1. By setting the MCU to be connected with the start-stop control circuit, the operation status detection circuit and the operation status indication circuit respectively, the MCU can detect the operation status of the fan in real time through the operation status detection circuit and the operation status indication circuit, and indicate the operation status of the fan through the light-emitting diode D1 of the operation status indication circuit (the fan is not connected and the light is off, the fan is running normally and the light is red when the fan is running abnormally). When the fan is running abnormally, the fan can be shut down in time through the start-stop control circuit, and the idle fan can be started through the start-stop control circuit to replace the abnormal fan for heat dissipation, or the fan installation equipment can be notified by the MCU to reduce the output power to reduce the impact of the abnormal operation of the fan. The fan can also be actively shut down when the ambient temperature is low to reduce power consumption, which ultimately greatly improves the reliability of the fan operation and greatly reduces the power consumption of the fan operation.

[0094] 2. By setting the optocoupler K1 in the access status detection circuit, the high and low voltages are isolated to solve the incompatibility problem under different voltage working conditions.

[0095] 3. By setting diodes VD1 and VD2, when PVCC and GND_IN are reversely connected, diodes VD1 and VD2 will be in the cut-off state, thus playing a role in reverse connection protection.

[0096] 4. By setting the fuse F1, when pins 1 and 3 of the terminal J1 are short-circuited, the fuse F1 will be in a high resistance state for a short time, cutting off the current in the circuit and playing an overcurrent protection role.

[0097] Although the specific implementation modes of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation modes described are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel fan status detection device, Features: Includes an MCU and several fan control modules; The fan control module includes a connection status detection circuit, a start-stop control circuit, an operation status detection circuit and an operation status indication circuit; One end of the access status detection circuit is connected to the operation status indication circuit, and the other end is connected to the start-stop control circuit; one end of the operation status detection circuit is connected to the start-stop control circuit, and the other end is connected to the operation status indication circuit; the MCU is respectively connected to the start-stop control circuit, the operation status detection circuit and the operation status indication circuit; The access status detection circuit includes an optical coupler K1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a transistor Q1, a diode VD1, a diode VD2 and a fuse F1; The emitter of the optical coupler K1 is connected to the operation status indication circuit, the positive input terminal is connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R1 and the collector of the transistor Q1, and the negative input terminal is connected to the capacitor C1, the resistor R1 and the resistor R4; the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the resistor R2, and the emitter is connected to the input terminal of the diode VD1; the input terminal of the diode VD2 is connected to the output terminal of the diode VD1 and the resistor R3, and the output terminal is connected to the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the fuse F1; the fuse F1 is connected to the start-stop control circuit; The operation status detection circuit includes a MOS tube Q4, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a wiring terminal J1; The input end of the diode D2 is connected to the operation status indication circuit, and the output end is connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q4 and the output end of the diode D3; the gate of the MOS tube Q4 is connected to the resistor R14, the capacitor C4, the output end of the diode D4, the resistor R13 and the operation status indication circuit, and the source is connected to the resistor R14, the capacitor C4, the input end of the diode D4 and the resistor R15 and grounded; the pin 1 of the terminal J1 is connected to the start-stop control circuit, the pin 2 is connected to the resistor R11 and the resistor R13, and the pin 3 is grounded; one end of the resistor R12 is connected to the resistor R10, the capacitor C3 and the input end of the diode D3, and the other end is connected to the MCU.

2. A multi-channel fan status detection device as claimed in claim 1, Features: The start-stop control circuit includes an optical coupler K2, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18 and a MOS tube Q5; The collector of the optocoupler K2 is connected to the resistor R16 and the resistor R18, the emitter is grounded, the positive input terminal is connected to the resistor R17, and the negative input terminal is grounded; the resistor R17 is connected to the MCU; the gate of the MOS tube Q5 is connected to the resistor R18, the source is connected to the access status detection circuit, and the drain is connected to the operation status detection circuit.

3. A multi-channel fan status detection device as claimed in claim 1, Features: The operation status indication circuit includes a MOS tube Q2, a MOS tube Q3, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a capacitor C2 and a light emitting diode D1; The input end of the light emitting diode D1 is connected to the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 respectively, and the output end is grounded; one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q2 and the operation status detection circuit, and the other end is grounded; The gate of the MOS tube Q3 is connected to the resistor R5 and the operation status detection circuit, the drain is connected to the resistor R8, and the source is connected to the resistor R5, the resistor R6, the source of the MOS tube Q2 and the access status detection circuit; the drain of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the resistor R9; one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the resistor R6 and the MCU, and the other end is grounded.

4. A multi-channel fan status detection method, Features: The method requires the use of a detection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: Step S10, connect the fan to the terminal J1, and the MCU starts the fan through the start-stop control module; Step S20, when the operation status indication circuit detects that the fan is operating normally through the operation status detection circuit, the light emitting diode D1 is controlled to light up green; Step S30, the MCU detects the operating status of the fan in real time through the operating status indication circuit and the operating status detection circuit, and shuts down the fan through the start-stop control module when the fan operates abnormally; Step S40, the MCU periodically restarts the fan to verify whether the fan has returned to normal, and records the number of restarts, and triggers a fault alarm based on the number of restarts; Step S50: Replace the fan based on the fault alarm and reset the restart times.

5. A multi-channel fan status detection method as claimed in claim 4, Features: The step S10 is specifically as follows: Connect the fan's FAN+ pin, FAN_RD pin, and FAN- pin to pins 1, 2, and 3 of terminal J1 respectively. The MCU starts the fan by turning on the MOS tube Q5 of the start-stop control module. The step S20 is specifically as follows: When the fan operates normally, a low level is output to the terminal J1 through the FAN_RD pin and transmitted to the gate of the MOS tube Q2. The source of the MOS tube Q2 is a high level and the gate is a low level, and then a high level is output through the drain, turning on the light-emitting device on the right side of the light-emitting diode D1 to light up the green light.

6. A multi-channel fan status detection method as claimed in claim 4, Features: The step S30 is specifically as follows: When the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a low level, it determines that the fan has poor contact with the terminal J1; when the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a high level and MCU_RD_IN is at a low level, it determines that the fan is operating normally; when the MCU detects that MCU_FAN_IN is at a high level and MCU_RD_IN is at a high level, it determines that the fan is operating abnormally; When the fan operates abnormally, the MCU turns off the fan by disconnecting the MOS tube Q5 of the start-stop control module.

7. A multi-channel fan status detection method as claimed in claim 4, Features: The step S40 specifically includes: Step S41, MCU sets a restart cycle and an alarm number threshold; Step S42: The MCU controls the fan to restart periodically based on the restart cycle, and determines whether the fan has returned to normal by reading the MCU_FAN_IN signal and the MCU_RD_IN signal. If so, the fan is allowed to keep running; if not, the process proceeds to step S43: Step S43, record the restart times of the fan, and determine whether the restart times are greater than the alarm times threshold. If so, trigger a fault alarm; if not, proceed to step S42.

8. A multi-channel fan status detection method as claimed in claim 4, Features: The step S20 further includes: The MCU obtains the operating temperature of the fan installation equipment, and controls the start and stop of each fan based on the operating temperature and a preset temperature threshold; The step S30 further includes: When a fan is shut down due to an operational abnormality, an idle fan is started to assist in heat dissipation or to reduce the output power of the equipment where the fan is installed.

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