Antenna element and antenna

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna element and antenna, comprising a radiating plate. Part of the radiating plate is bent downward to form multiple supporting portions and corresponding multiple first perforations. The area between two adjacent first perforations is bent downward to form multiple bent portions and corresponding multiple second perforations. The supporting portions provide both support and connection. The formation of the bent portions and second perforations on the radiating plate optimizes the isolation of the element and ensures that the cross-polarization ratio of the arrayed element meets conventional specifications without imposing boundary conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna vibrator and an antenna. Background Art

[0002] Sheet metal stamping vibrators are commonly used in 5G Massive MIMO (Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output) base station antennas. In the array composed of them, boundary conditions (such as metal sheets) need to be added to the sub-array to optimize the cross-polarization ratio, which cannot meet the lightweight requirements of the base station antenna structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an antenna element and an antenna, which can achieve the cross-polarization ratio of the array meeting conventional indicators without increasing boundary conditions.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna vibrator, which includes: a radiation plate, a portion of which is bent downward to form a plurality of support portions and a plurality of first hollow holes, and the radiation plate is bent downward in an area between two adjacent first hollow holes to form a plurality of bending portions and a plurality of second hollow holes.

[0005] Furthermore, the bent portion bends downward along an outer edge of the second hollow hole.

[0006] Furthermore, the height of the bent portion is greater than or equal to 0.045 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.085 center frequency wavelengths.

[0007] Furthermore, the radiation plate is square, and the side length of the radiation plate is greater than or equal to 0.32 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.42 center frequency wavelengths; the four first holes are evenly distributed on the diagonals of the radiation plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the second hole is an isosceles trapezoid, the lower base length of the second hole is greater than or equal to 0.07 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.13 center frequency wavelengths, and the height of the second hole is greater than or equal to 0.05 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.09 center frequency wavelengths.

[0009] Furthermore, the support portion is bent downward along an inner edge of the first hollow hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the support portion is bent to form a connecting portion.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the support portion is greater than or equal to 0.06 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.12 center frequency wavelengths.

[0012] Furthermore, the first hollow hole is rectangular, and the width of the first hollow hole is greater than or equal to 0.025 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.045 center frequency wavelengths.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, comprising: a feeder; the antenna element as described in the first aspect, the antenna element being electrically connected to the feeder via the support portion; and an antenna cover, the antenna cover being provided on the antenna element.

[0014] An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna element and antenna, comprising a radiating plate. Part of the radiating plate is bent downward to form multiple supporting portions and corresponding multiple first perforations. The area between two adjacent first perforations is bent downward to form multiple bent portions and corresponding multiple second perforations. The supporting portions provide both support and connection. The formation of the bent portions and second perforations on the radiating plate optimizes the isolation of the element and ensures that the cross-polarization ratio of the arrayed element meets conventional specifications without imposing boundary conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna element provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an antenna element provided in the first embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top view dimensions of an antenna element provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main dimensions of an antenna element provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of an antenna element provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of an antenna element provided in the second embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0022] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of an antenna provided in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 This is an exploded schematic diagram of an antenna provided in the third embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described below based on the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the detailed description of the present invention below, certain specific details are described in detail. Those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without these details. To avoid obscuring the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0025] Furthermore, persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustration purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0026] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, words like “include”, “comprising” and the like in the specification should be interpreted as including rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, as “including but not limited to”.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna element A provided in the first embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an antenna element A provided in the first embodiment of the present application from another perspective, as shown in FIG. Figure 1-2 As shown, the antenna vibrator A includes a radiation plate 1, which is used to transmit or receive communication signals. Furthermore, a portion of the radiation plate 1 is bent downward to form a plurality of support portions 11 and a plurality of first hollow holes 12. The support portion 11 supports and feeds the radiation plate 1. It should be noted that the antenna vibrator A in this embodiment is formed by stamping a sheet metal part (such as an aluminum sheet or a copper sheet). That is, after being stamped, the sheet metal part forms a flat-plate structure radiation plate 1 and a downward-bent support portion 11, and the first hollow hole 12 is a through hole on the radiation plate 1 corresponding to the support portion 11.

[0029] Furthermore, combined Figure 1-2As shown, the radiator plate 1 is bent downward between two adjacent first holes 12 to form multiple bent portions 13 and multiple second holes 14. Similarly, the bent portions 13 are stamped from sheet metal, while the second holes 14 are through-holes on the radiator plate 1 corresponding to the bent portions 13. This allows the antenna element A to be integrally formed through stamping, resulting in simple and efficient processing and significantly reduced material costs.

[0030] It should be noted that antenna element A of this embodiment achieves optimized isolation through improvements to the radiating plate 1, namely, the stamped bend 13 and second perforations 14. This allows the cross-polarization ratio of the arrayed antenna element A to meet conventional specifications without adding boundary conditions. Furthermore, the provision of the first and second perforations 12 and 14 on the radiating plate 1 helps reduce the weight of antenna element A, thereby achieving lightweighting of both antenna element A and the antenna.

[0031] Combine Figure 1-2 As shown, in this embodiment, the bent portion 13 bends downward along the outer edge of the second perforation 14. In other words, the bent portion 13 is located on the outward side. In one embodiment, the bent portion 13 has a 90° bend angle, meaning that the bent portion 13 is perpendicular to the radiating plate 1. The provision of the bent portion 13 can increase the isolation of the antenna element A and optimize the array's cross-polarization ratio.

[0032] Combine Figure 4 As shown, the height L6 of the bend 13 is greater than or equal to 0.045 wavelengths of the center frequency and less than or equal to 0.085 wavelengths of the center frequency. It should be noted that antennas have a certain operating frequency range within which the antenna impedance is minimized and efficiency is maximized. The optimal point in the middle of the operating frequency range is the center operating frequency, and the center frequency wavelength refers to the wavelength of the center operating frequency. In one embodiment, the height L6 of the bend 13 is set to 0.065 wavelengths of the center frequency.

[0033] In this embodiment, the radiation plate 1 is square. That is, the antenna element A is formed by stamping a square sheet metal part. Figure 3As shown, the side length L1 of the radiation plate 1 is greater than or equal to 0.32 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.42 center frequency wavelengths. In one embodiment, the side length L1 of the radiation plate 1 is set to 0.37 center frequency wavelengths, that is, the antenna element A is stamped from a metal sheet with a side length L1 of 0.37 center frequency wavelengths, and the operating frequency relative bandwidth of the antenna element A is 14.3%. Furthermore, there are four first perforations 12, and they are all formed as rectangular through holes. The four first perforations 12 are evenly distributed at the diagonals of the radiation plate 1 and form a centrally symmetrical cross shape. Correspondingly, there are four second perforations 14, and they are evenly distributed in the area between the diagonals of the radiation plate 1. Similarly, the number of support portions 11 and bending portions 13 are both four.

[0034] As an optional embodiment, the radiating plate 1 can also be configured as another uniformly symmetrical shape, such as a regular polygon or a circle, to ensure the stability of the antenna phase center. Furthermore, the antenna element A is stamped from a thin metal sheet, meaning that the radiating plate 1 is a thin metal sheet, meeting the design requirements for a lightweight antenna.

[0035] Combine Figure 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the second hole 14 is an isosceles trapezoid, with the shorter upper base close to the center of the radiation plate 1 and the longer lower base close to the edge of the radiation plate 1, and the upper and lower bases are parallel to the adjacent sides of the radiation plate 1. On the other hand, the two waists of the second hole 14 are parallel to the adjacent diagonal lines, that is, the two waists are perpendicular to each other. Figure 3 As shown, the bottom base length L2 of the second perforation 14 is greater than or equal to 0.07 wavelengths of the center frequency and less than or equal to 0.13 wavelengths of the center frequency, while the height L3 of the second perforation 14 is greater than or equal to 0.05 wavelengths of the center frequency and less than or equal to 0.09 wavelengths of the center frequency. In one embodiment, the bottom base length L2 of the second perforation 14 is 0.1 wavelengths of the center frequency, and the height L3 is 0.07 wavelengths of the center frequency. It is easy to understand that the second perforation 14 can also be set to other shapes, and the shape of the bend portion 13 corresponds to the shape of the second perforation 14.

[0036] Combine Figure 1-2 As shown, in this embodiment, the support portion 11 bends downward along the inner edge of the first perforation 12. In other words, the support portion 11 is located on the inward side. In one embodiment, the bend angle of the support portion 11 is 90°, meaning that the support portion 11 and the radiating plate 1 are perpendicular to each other. As a result, after the antenna element A is connected to the feeder B via the support portion 11, the radiating plate 1 and the radome C remain parallel, thereby ensuring effective electromagnetic wave propagation.

[0037] Combine Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the lower end of the support portion 11 is bent inward to form a connecting portion 111, through which the antenna element A is electrically connected to the feeder B. In one embodiment, the bending angle of the connecting portion 111 is 90°, meaning that the connecting portion 111 is perpendicular to the support portion 11 and parallel to the radiating plate 1. As a result, after the antenna element A is electrically connected via the connecting portion 111, the radiating plate 1 and the radome C remain parallel, thereby ensuring effective electromagnetic wave propagation.

[0038] It should be noted that since there are four supporting parts 11, there are also four connecting parts 111. Therefore, the antenna element A is connected to the four feeding points on the feeding component B through the four connecting parts 111, that is, a four-point feeding method is adopted to ensure the stability of the antenna phase center.

[0039] Combine Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the height L5 of the support portion 11 is greater than or equal to 0.06 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.12 center frequency wavelengths. In one embodiment, the height L5 of the support portion 11 is 0.09 center frequency wavelengths.

[0040] Combine Figure 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first hollow hole 12 is rectangular, and its width is parallel to the adjacent side of the radiation plate 1. Figure 3 As shown, the width L4 of the first perforation 12 is greater than or equal to 0.025 wavelengths of the center frequency and less than or equal to 0.045 wavelengths of the center frequency. In one embodiment, the width L4 of the first perforation 12 is 0.035 wavelengths of the center frequency. It is easy to understand that the first perforation 12 can also be set to other shapes, and the shape of the support portion 11 corresponds to the shape of the first perforation 12.

[0041] The first embodiment of the present application achieves an improved design of the radiating surface of the antenna element A by providing a bending portion 13 on the radiating plate 1 of the antenna element A, thereby optimizing the isolation of the antenna element A and the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna element A after arraying, so that the cross-polarization ratio of the array meets conventional indicators without adding boundary conditions.

[0042] Combine Figure 5-6As shown, the second embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna vibrator A. Part of the structure of the antenna vibrator A is as described above and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the antenna vibrator A also includes multiple slots a and / or multiple corner portions b, that is, the antenna vibrator A can include a bending portion 13 and slots a at the same time, or can include a bending portion 13 and a corner portion b at the same time, or can include a bending portion 13, slots a, and corner portions b at the same time. Therefore, by providing slots a and / or corner portions b on the basis of providing a bending portion 13, the isolation of the antenna vibrator A and the array cross-polarization ratio can be further optimized.

[0043] Specifically, in one embodiment, antenna element A includes both a bend 13 and a slot a. The slot a is located in the central area of ​​the radiating plate 1, that is, within the inner area of ​​the plurality of first perforations 12. The number and distribution of the slots a match those of the first perforations 12. More specifically, each of the four first perforations 12 is rectangular, and the four slots a each include a main portion parallel to the width of the adjacent first perforations 12, and two symmetrical extensions extending outward from the ends of the main portion. It should be noted that the angle between the main portion and the extension of slot a is 135°. The width of slot a can be set as needed, while the length of slot a is greater than or equal to 0.05 wavelengths of the center frequency and less than or equal to 0.25 wavelengths of the center frequency. The length of the main portion of slot a is greater than or equal to 0.04 wavelengths of the center frequency and less than or equal to 0.06 wavelengths of the center frequency. Thus, by providing additional slots a, antenna element A further optimizes its isolation and array cross-polarization ratio.

[0044] In another embodiment, the antenna element A includes both a bending portion 13 and a corner portion b. It should be noted that, based on the fact that the antenna element A is stamped from a square sheet metal, the corner portion b is formed by stamping the four corners of the square. Furthermore, the bending direction and bending angle of the corner portion b are the same as those of the bending portion 13. On the other hand, the diagonal line of the radiation plate 1 is perpendicular to the plane where the corresponding corner portion b is located. In this embodiment, the height of the corner portion b is greater than or equal to 0.045 and less than or equal to 0.105. Therefore, the antenna element A further optimizes the isolation and array cross-polarization ratio of the antenna element A by providing the additional corner portion b.

[0045] In another embodiment, the antenna element includes a bend 13, a slot a, and a corner portion b. The structural features of the slot a and corner portion b are described above and will not be repeated here. It is easy to understand that the addition of the slot a and corner portion b further optimizes the isolation and array cross-polarization ratio of antenna element A.

[0046] The second embodiment of the present application achieves an improved design of the radiating surface of the antenna element A by adding a gap a and / or a corner portion b on the basis of the existing bending portion 13, thereby further optimizing the isolation of the antenna element A and the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna element A after arraying, so that the cross-polarization ratio of the array meets conventional indicators without adding boundary conditions.

[0047] Combine Figure 7-8 As shown, the third embodiment of the present application provides an antenna comprising an antenna element A, a power feeder B, a radome C, and a reflector. The structure of antenna element A is as described above and will not be repeated here. Antenna element A is electrically connected to power feeder B via a connection portion 111 on a support portion 11, and radome C is disposed over antenna element A.

[0048] Specifically, the feeder B comprises a circuit board with a feed circuit on the side facing the antenna element A. The connection portion of the antenna element A is connected to the feed point of the feed circuit via fully automated reflow soldering (surface mount soldering) or other methods, saving assembly labor and time. The radome C is made of materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), providing encapsulation and protection.

[0049] The third embodiment of the present application achieves an improved design of the radiation surface of the antenna element A by providing a bending portion 13 on the antenna element A, or adding a gap a and / or a corner portion b thereon, thereby optimizing the isolation of the antenna element A and the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna element A after arraying, so that the cross-polarization ratio of the array meets conventional indicators without adding boundary conditions.

[0050] The present application provides an antenna element and antenna, each comprising a radiating plate. A portion of the radiating plate is bent downward to form multiple supporting portions and corresponding multiple first perforations. The area between two adjacent first perforations is bent downward to form multiple bent portions and corresponding multiple second perforations. The supporting portions provide both support and connection. The formation of the bent portions and second perforations on the radiating plate optimizes the isolation of the element and ensures that the cross-polarization ratio of the arrayed element meets conventional specifications without imposing boundary conditions.

[0051] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna element, characterized in that: The antenna element (A) includes: A radiation plate (1), wherein a portion of the radiation plate (1) is bent downward to form a plurality of support portions (11) and a plurality of first hollow holes (12), and the radiation plate (1) is bent downward in an area between two adjacent first hollow holes (12) to form a plurality of bent portions (13) and a plurality of second hollow holes (14); The second hollow hole (14) is trapezoidal, with a shorter upper base close to the center of the radiation plate (1) and a longer lower base close to the edge of the radiation plate (1), and the shape of the bent portion (13) matches the shape of the second hollow hole (14); The bending portion (13) bends downward along the outer edge of the second hollow hole (14); The support portion (11) is bent downward along the inner edge of the first hollow hole (12).

2. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the bending portion (13) is greater than or equal to 0.045 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.085 center frequency wavelengths.

3. The antenna element according to claim 1, wherein: The radiation plate (1) is a square, and the side length of the radiation plate (1) is greater than or equal to 0.32 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.42 center frequency wavelengths; The four first hollow holes (12) are evenly distributed on the diagonal lines of the radiation plate (1).

4. The antenna element according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second hollow hole (14) is an isosceles trapezoid, the length of the lower base of the second hollow hole (14) is greater than or equal to 0.07 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.13 center frequency wavelengths, and the height of the second hollow hole (14) is greater than or equal to 0.05 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.09 center frequency wavelengths.

5. The antenna element according to claim 1, wherein: The lower end of the support portion (11) is bent to form a connecting portion (111).

6. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the support portion (11) is greater than or equal to 0.06 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.12 center frequency wavelengths.

7. The antenna element according to claim 1, wherein: The first hollow hole (12) is rectangular, and the width of the first hollow hole (12) is greater than or equal to 0.025 center frequency wavelengths and less than or equal to 0.045 center frequency wavelengths.

8. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises: Feeder (B); The antenna element (A) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the antenna element (A) is electrically connected to the feeding element (B) via the supporting portion (11); and A radome (C) is provided to cover the antenna element (A).

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