Antenna, communication device, electromagnetic wave radiation method

Abstract

The present application discloses an antenna, a communication device, and an electromagnetic wave radiation method, belonging to the field of communication technologies. The antenna includes a radiation structure (7) and a feeding structure (9); the feeding structure (9) is configured to feed the radiation structure (7) to enable the shaft portion (71) and the rod portion (72) to alternately radiate electromagnetic waves. Among them, the radiation structure (7) includes: a shaft portion (71) and a plurality of rod portions (72), the shaft portion (71) is connected to the rod portion (72), the plurality of rod portions (72) are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the shaft portion (71), and the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure (7) is greater than the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of free space; the shaft portion (71) is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion (71), and the rod portion (72) is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion (72). The antenna provided by the present application can radiate electromagnetic waves to different planes, thus enriching the functions of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and particularly to an antenna, a communication device, and an electromagnetic wave radiation method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of communication technologies, various communication devices have emerged in life, such as wireless routers, optical network terminals (ONTs), etc. These communication devices are equipped with antennas and can radiate electromagnetic waves outward through the antennas for communication.

[0003] The antennas in communication devices generally include: a feeding structure and metal wires (such as copper wires). Among them, the feeding structure is connected to the metal wires and is used to feed the metal wires. The middle region of the metal wires is spiral-shaped. When the feeding structure feeds the metal wires, the current phases of the upper and lower parts on both sides of the middle region of the metal wires are the same, so that these two parts can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the metal wires.

[0004] However, the functions of current antennas are relatively single. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an antenna, a communication device, and an electromagnetic wave radiation method, which can solve the problem that the functions of current antennas are relatively single. The technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an antenna is provided. The antenna includes a radiation structure and a feeding structure. Among them, the radiation structure includes: a shaft portion and a plurality of rod portions. The feeding structure is used to feed the radiation structure so that the shaft portion and the rod portions alternately radiate electromagnetic waves. The shaft portion is connected to the rod portions, and the connection between the shaft portion and the rod portions is located in the middle region of the rod portions. The plurality of rod portions are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the shaft portion. The plurality of rod portions are divided into multiple groups of rod portions arranged in sequence along the length direction of the shaft portion, and the arrangement modes of different groups of rod portions in the length direction of the shaft portion are the same. The electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure is greater than the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of free space. Both the shaft portion and the rod portions are conductors. The shaft portion is used to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion, and the rod portions are used to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portions.

[0007] According to the above content, it can be known that the antenna provided in the embodiments of this application has two working modes, namely, a first working mode in which the shaft portion radiates electromagnetic waves, and a second working mode in which the rod portions radiate electromagnetic waves. Moreover, the antenna can radiate electromagnetic waves to different planes in these two working modes, and the antenna can alternate between these two working modes, so as to alternately radiate electromagnetic waves to two planes.

[0008] In the first operating mode of the antenna, when the feeding structure feeds the radiating structure, the current direction on the shaft portion is parallel to the length direction of the shaft portion, and the current directions on the two portions of the rod portion located on both sides of the connection with the shaft portion are opposite to each other and are both parallel to the rod portion. At this time, the shaft portion can be regarded as a plurality of radiating units arranged in sequence along the length direction of the shaft portion, and the phases of the currents on these radiating units are the same, so that the shaft portion can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion. Moreover, the current directions on the two portions of the rod portion are opposite to each other, and there is a situation of mutual cancellation (such as complete cancellation). In this way, the influence of the rod portion on the electromagnetic waves radiated by the shaft portion is small.

[0009] In the second operating mode of the antenna, when the feeding structure feeds the radiating structure, the current direction on the rod portion close to the feeding structure is parallel to the length direction of the rod portion. This rod portion can be regarded as a plurality of radiating units arranged in sequence along the length direction of the rod portion, and the phases of the currents on these radiating units are the same, so that this rod portion can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion.

[0010] Moreover, when the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of a certain structure is greater than the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of free space, this structure is equivalent to a director, and the electromagnetic waves on this structure can be confined in this structure and propagate along this structure. Since the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiating structure is greater than the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of free space, therefore, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the rod portion close to the feeding structure can be confined in the radiating structure and propagate towards the rod portion far from the feeding structure. The rod portion far from the feeding structure can generate a current under the action of the electromagnetic waves and radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion. This process repeats until all the rod portions can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion. Moreover, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the multiple rod portions can be superimposed to increase the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna in the plane perpendicular to the rod portion.

[0011] In the second operating mode of the antenna, the potential differences at the connections between the shaft portion and each rod portion are relatively small. At this time, the current on the shaft portion is small (such as there is no current on the shaft portion). In this way, the influence of the shaft portion on the electromagnetic waves radiated by the rod portion is small.

[0012] Optionally, the multiple sets of rod portions are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction of the shaft portion; each set of rod portions includes m rod portions. When m > 1, the distance between the nth rod portion and the (n + 1)th rod portion in different sets of rod portions in the length direction of the shaft portion is the same, where m ≥ 1, n ≥ 1, and n + 1 ≤ m. It can be seen that the arrangement patterns of different sets of rod portions in the length direction of the shaft portion are the same, and the multiple rod portions in the radiation structure are arranged periodically in the length direction of the shaft portion. At this time, by designing the arrangement parameters of the rod portions, the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure can be made greater than that of free space. Among them, the arrangement parameters of the rod portions include: the lengths of the first part and the second part on both sides of the connection in the rod portion, the width of the rod portion in the length direction, and the distance between multiple rod portions in the length direction, etc.

[0013] When m = 1, each set of rod portions includes one rod portion. Since the multiple sets of rod portions are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction of the shaft portion, therefore, the multiple rod portions in the radiation structure are also arranged at equal intervals in this length direction.

[0014] When m > 1, the m rod portions 72 in each set of rod portions 72 can be arranged at equal intervals or non-equally spaced in the length direction of the shaft portion 71. Exemplarily, when m > 1, in the length direction of the shaft portion, the m rod portions are arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between adjacent rod portions among the m rod portions is equal to the distance between any two adjacent sets of rod portions; or, when m > 1, in the length direction of the shaft portion, the m rod portions are arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between adjacent rod portions among the m rod portions is not equal to the distance between any two adjacent sets of rod portions; or, when m > 1, the m rod portions are arranged non-equally spaced in the length direction of the shaft portion.

[0015] According to the above content, for the multiple rod portions in the radiation structure, these rod portions can be arranged at equal intervals or non-equally spaced in the length direction of the shaft portion.

[0016] Optionally, when m > 1, if the m rod portions are arranged non-equally spaced in the length direction of the shaft portion, then among the distances between adjacent rod portions in the length direction of the shaft portion of the multiple rod portions, the difference between any two of these distances is less than or equal to 1 / 3 of any one of these distances. Among them, the distance between adjacent rod portions in the length direction of the shaft portion refers to: the distance between the centers of adjacent rod portions in the length direction of the shaft portion.

[0017] Optionally, the distance range between adjacent rod portions in the length direction of the shaft portion is [λ / 100, λ / 50]. For example, this distance range is [0.6 mm, 1.2 mm]. Here, λ represents the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion. The operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion is equal to the product of the reciprocal of the operating frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion and the speed of light. The operating frequency of this electromagnetic wave can be the center frequency of the frequency band of this electromagnetic wave. Exemplarily, the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion can be from 5.1 gigahertz (GHz) to 6.5 GHz.

[0018] The frequency band of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft portion 71 can be the same as or different from the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion 72. For example, the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft portion 71 can be from 4.5 GHz to 6.5 GHz.

[0019] Optionally, the rod portion includes: a first part and a second part. The first part and the second part are located on both sides of the connection portion. The length difference between the first part and the second part is less than or equal to λ / 10. For example, this length difference can be less than or equal to 1 mm. Optionally, the lengths of the first part and the second part are equal.

[0020] When the length difference between the first part and the second part is less than or equal to λ / 10, the length difference between the first part and the second part is small. In the first operating mode of the above antenna, the currents on the first part and the second part cancel each other out to a high degree, so that the influence of the rod portion on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft portion is small.

[0021] Optionally, the rod portion includes: a first part and a second part. The first part and the second part are located on both sides of the connection portion. The length ranges of both the first part and the second part are [λ / 8, λ / 4], where λ represents the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion.

[0022] Optionally, at at least one end of the shaft portion, the lengths of at least two of the rod portions decrease in the direction approaching the end of the shaft portion. The region where any one of the at least one end in the radiation structure can be arc-shaped, triangular or trapezoidal. When, at a certain end of the shaft portion, the lengths of at least two rod portions decrease in the direction approaching the end of the shaft portion, in the region where this end is located in the radiation structure, the electromagnetic waves radiated by multiple rod portions can match the electromagnetic wave momentum in free space, so as to effectively radiate the electromagnetic waves radiated by multiple rod portions from this end into free space. It can be seen that the antenna provided in this application can radiate a directional beam with an end-fire characteristic.

[0023] Optionally, the radiation structure satisfies at least one of the following: the shaft portion is perpendicular to the rod portion; and the length of the shaft portion is greater than the length of the rod portion. Of course, the shaft portion may not be perpendicular to the rod portion, and the length of the shaft portion may also be less than or equal to the length of the rod portion. This application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0024] Optionally, the feeding structure includes: a first feeding portion and a second feeding portion that are insulated from each other; the first feeding portion is used to couple and feed the radiation structure so that the shaft portion radiates electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion; the second feeding portion is used to couple and feed the radiation structure so that the rod portion radiates electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion. Exemplarily, the first feeding portion can radiate electromagnetic waves to the radiation structure to couple out a current on the shaft portion of the radiation structure, and radiate electromagnetic waves outward under the action of this current. The second feeding portion can radiate electromagnetic waves to the radiation structure to couple out a current on the rod portion of the radiation structure, and radiate electromagnetic waves outward under the action of this current.

[0025] Optionally, both the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion are strip-shaped. For example, both the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion can be strip-shaped conductors. The first feeding portion is perpendicular to the second feeding portion. When the first feeding portion is perpendicular to the second feeding portion, the feeding signals emitted by the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion are orthogonal to each other, the isolation degree between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is relatively high, and the mutual influence between these two feeding portions is relatively small.

[0026] Optionally, the first feeding portion is parallel to the shaft portion, and / or the second feeding portion is parallel to the rod portion. The first feeding portion may not be parallel to the shaft portion, and the second feeding portion may not be parallel to the rod portion. This application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0027] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the first feeding portion on the plane where the radiation structure is located at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the shaft portion on the plane where the radiation structure is located; and / or the orthographic projection of the second feeding portion on the plane where the radiation structure is located at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the plurality of rod portions on the plane where the radiation structure is located. Further, when the orthographic projection of the first feeding portion on this plane at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the shaft portion on this plane, the orthographic projection of the center line of the first feeding portion on this plane coincides with the orthographic projection of the center line of the shaft portion on this plane. Of course, the orthographic projection of the center line of the first feeding portion on this plane may not coincide with the orthographic projection of the center line of the shaft portion on this plane.

[0028] When at least part of the positive projection of the first feeding part and the shaft part on the plane where the radiation structure is located coincides, when the first feeding part couples and feeds the radiation structure, a relatively strong current can be coupled out on the shaft part. When at least part of the positive projection of the second feeding part and the plurality of rod parts on this plane overlaps, when the second feeding part couples and feeds the radiation structure, a relatively strong current can be coupled out on the rod parts.

[0029] Optionally, the length of the first feeding part is less than the length of the shaft part, and both the first feeding part and the second feeding part are close to one end of the shaft part. For example, one end of the first feeding part can be flush with one end of the shaft part. The length of the first feeding part can also be greater than or equal to the length of the shaft part.

[0030] Optionally, the length of the second feeding part can be less than the length of the rod part. The length of the second feeding part can also be greater than or equal to the length of the rod part, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0031] Optionally, in the length direction of the shaft part, there is a distance between the first feeding part and the second feeding part to try to widen the distance between these two feeding parts and reduce the mutual influence between these two feeding parts.

[0032] Optionally, the first feeding part and the second feeding part can be located on the same side of the radiation structure. Of course, the first feeding part and the second feeding part can also be located on different sides of the radiation structure, and the present application does not limit this.

[0033] Optionally, the positive projection of the second feeding part on the plane where the radiation structure is located can be located outside the positive projection of the shaft part on the plane where the radiation structure is located. The positive projection of the second feeding part on the plane where the radiation structure is located can also overlap with the positive projection of the shaft part on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located.

[0034] Optionally, the positive projection of the first feeding part on the plane where the radiation structure is located can be trapezoidal, and the positive projection of the second feeding part on the plane where the radiation structure is located can be rectangular. The positive projection of the first feeding part on the plane where the radiation structure is located can also be in other shapes (such as rectangular, oval, etc.), and the positive projection of the second feeding part on the plane where the radiation structure is located can also be in other shapes (such as trapezoidal, oval, etc.).

[0035] Optionally, in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation structure is located, the distance between the first feeding part and the shaft part is greater than the distance between the second feeding part and the shaft part. At this time, in this direction, the second feeding part is located between the first feeding part and the shaft part. In this direction, the distance between the first feeding part and the shaft part can also be less than or equal to the distance between the second feeding part and the shaft part, and the present application does not limit this.

[0036] Optionally, the distance between the first feeding part and the shaft part in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation structure is located is less than or equal to 0.2 times the operating wavelength of the shaft part. For example, this distance is equal to 15 mm; the distance between the second feeding part and the shaft part in this direction is less than or equal to 0.2 times the operating wavelength of the rod part, such as this distance being equal to 10 mm.

[0037] Optionally, the length of the first feeding part can be 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft part, and the length of the second feeding part can be 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod part. For example, the range of the lengths of the first feeding part and the second feeding part is both [10 mm, 14 mm].

[0038] Optionally, the feeding structure further includes: at least one grounding part; the at least one grounding part corresponds to at least one of the first feeding part and the second feeding part one by one, and the grounding part and the corresponding feeding part form a monopole. For example, the at least one grounding part includes: a first grounding part and a second grounding part. The first grounding part corresponds to the first feeding part and forms a monopole. The second grounding part corresponds to the second feeding part and forms another monopole.

[0039] It should be noted that a monopole is also called a monopole antenna. A monopole usually includes a ground plane and a metal strip mounted on the ground plane. The metal strip can radiate electromagnetic waves to the side of the ground plane where the metal strip is located, and due to the reflection of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the metal strip by the ground plane, the metal strip cannot radiate electromagnetic waves to the other side of the ground plane. It can be seen that the directivity of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the monopole is relatively strong, and since the monopole does not need to radiate electromagnetic waves to the other side of the ground plane when radiating electromagnetic waves outward, the power consumption of the monopole is relatively low. In this application, the grounding part is equivalent to the ground plane in the monopole, and the feeding part corresponding to the grounding part is equivalent to the metal strip in the monopole. When the grounding part and the corresponding feeding part form a monopole, the feeding part can effectively radiate electromagnetic waves to the radiation structure to couple and feed the radiation structure. Moreover, the feeding directivity of the feeding part is relatively strong and the power consumption is relatively low.

[0040] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the at least one grounding part on the plane where the radiation structure is located is located outside the orthographic projection of the radiation structure on the plane where the radiation structure is located. In this case, the radiation structure is located on one side of the grounding part, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the monopole formed by the grounding part and the corresponding feeding part can be mostly directed towards the radiation structure, so that the feeding part can effectively radiate electromagnetic waves to the radiation structure and improve the feeding efficiency of the feeding part to the radiation structure.

[0041] Optionally, the feeding structure further includes: a first connector and a second connector; the first connector is connected to both the first feeding portion and the first grounding portion, and is configured to feed power to the first feeding portion and the first grounding portion; the second connector is connected to both the second feeding portion and the second grounding portion, and is configured to feed power to the second feeding portion and the second grounding portion. Exemplarily, both the first connector 2 and the second structure 5 can be SubMiniature version A (SMA) connectors.

[0042] Optionally, the antenna further includes: a controller, which can control the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion to alternately feed power to the radiation structure. Further, the controller can include: a control portion and a switch, and the control portion is connected to the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion through the switch. The control portion in the controller can control the switch to conduct the connection between the control portion and the first feeding portion, and provide a feeding signal to the first feeding portion; the control portion can also control the switch to conduct the connection between the control portion and the second feeding portion, and provide a feeding signal to the second feeding portion. It can be seen that the control portion can control the switch to alternately conduct the connection between the control portion and the two feeding portions, so as to alternately provide feeding signals to the two feeding portions.

[0043] Optionally, the antenna further includes: an adjustment structure; the adjustment structure is configured to adjust the relative position between the second feeding portion and the radiation structure in the length direction of the shaft portion. Since the relative position between the second feeding portion and the radiation structure in the length direction can be adjusted, and this relative position is related to the intensity of the electromagnetic waves radiated on both sides of the antenna in this direction, the intensity of the electromagnetic waves radiated on both sides of the antenna in this direction can also be adjusted.

[0044] Optionally, the antenna further includes: an insulating substrate; the radiation structure is located on the insulating substrate; the feeding structure is located on the side of the radiation structure away from the insulating substrate, or the feeding structure is located on the side of the insulating substrate away from the radiation structure. The length of the insulating substrate in the length direction of the shaft portion can be 1.96 times of λ, such as 107 mm; the length of the insulating substrate in the length direction of the rod portion can be 0.29 times of λ, such as 16 mm. It can be seen that the antenna provided in this application has a small size. When manufacturing the radiation structure, a metal layer can be formed on the insulating substrate, and then the metal layer can be patterned to obtain the radiation structure.

[0045] In a second aspect, a method for electromagnetic wave radiation is provided, which is used for an antenna, and the antenna can be the antenna described in any design of the first aspect. The method includes: the feeding structure feeds power to the radiation structure, so that the shaft portion and the rod portion alternately radiate electromagnetic waves; wherein, the shaft portion is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion, and the rod portion is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion.

[0046] Optionally, the feeding structure feeds the radiation structure, including: the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion alternately feeding the radiation structure by coupling.

[0047] Optionally, the antenna includes: a controller connected to the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion; before the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion alternately feed the radiation structure by coupling, the method further includes: the controller alternately providing feeding signals to the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion; the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion alternately feeding the radiation structure by coupling includes: the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion feeding the radiation structure by coupling according to the received feeding signals.

[0048] Optionally, the antenna further includes: an adjustment structure, and the method further includes: before the feeding structure feeds the radiation structure, the adjustment structure adjusts the relative position of the second feeding portion and the radiation structure in the length direction of the shaft portion.

[0049] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided, and the communication device includes the antenna designed in any one of the first aspect.

[0050] The technical effects brought by any one of the design manners in the second aspect and the third aspect can refer to the technical effects brought by the corresponding design manners in the first aspect, which will not be elaborated here. Description of the Drawings

[0051] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an antenna composed of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of another antenna composed of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of another antenna composed of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of another antenna composed of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of another antenna composed of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of another antenna composed of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the upper surface of the PCB in another antenna composed of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the lower surface of the PCB in the antenna composed of another antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 9 Front view of an antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 10 One provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 9 Side view of the antenna shown;

[0061] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the electromagnetic waves radiated by an antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application in two working modes;

[0062] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the working principle of an antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application in the first working mode;

[0063] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the working principle of an antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application in the second working mode;

[0065] Figure 15 Another schematic diagram of the polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the grouping situation of the rod part provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 17 Another schematic diagram of the grouping situation of the rod part provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the isolation degree between the first feeding part and the second feeding part provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of a monopole provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the return loss of an antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0071] To make the principle and technical solutions of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] Communication devices are ubiquitous in our lives. For example, wireless routers and ONTs commonly used in households, etc. The communication device can be a communication device of any communication standard, such as a wireless (WiFi) device, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0073] The communication device has an antenna and can radiate electromagnetic waves outward through the antenna for communication. Most current antennas use arrayed dipole antennas. This antenna consists of a linear array of multiple antenna elements each approximately half a wavelength in length. This antenna can radiate electromagnetic waves in a plane perpendicular to the arrangement direction of these antenna elements. Among them, the wavelength is the operating wavelength of the antenna, and the operating wavelength is the product of the reciprocal of the operating frequency of the antenna and the speed of light. The antenna can radiate electromagnetic waves within a frequency band (this frequency band corresponds to a waveband of electromagnetic waves), and the operating frequency of the antenna is the center frequency of the frequency band of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna.

[0074] Generally, the more the number of array elements (i.e., the aforementioned antenna elements) in the linear array, the higher the gain of the antenna.

[0075] As Figure 1 shown, the half-power beamwidth of the electromagnetic waves radiated by an antenna including two antenna elements is approximately 32 degrees, and the gain of this antenna is approximately 5.15 dBi (a unit of antenna gain).

[0076] As Figure 2 shown, the half-power beamwidth of the electromagnetic waves radiated by an antenna including four antenna elements is approximately 15 degrees, and the gain of this antenna is approximately 8.15 dBi.

[0077] As Figure 3 shown, the half-power beamwidth of the electromagnetic waves radiated by an antenna including eight antenna elements is approximately 7 degrees, and the gain of this antenna is approximately 11.15 dBi.

[0078] However, as Figure 4 shown, the half-power beamwidth of the electromagnetic waves radiated by an antenna including one antenna element is relatively wide (approximately 78 degrees), and the gain of this antenna is relatively low (approximately 2.15 dBi). Therefore, antennas generally do not adopt this method of including one antenna element, but rather adopt the method of forming a linear array of multiple antenna elements.

[0079] Currently, there are various antennas that adopt the method of forming a linear array of multiple antenna elements. Several of these antennas will be briefly introduced below.

[0080] (1) The structure of the first antenna can be as Figure 5 shown. Please refer to Figure 5, the antenna includes: a feeding structure 01 and copper wires 02. The feeding structure 01 generally includes a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) and a Radio Frequency cable (RF cable) ( Figure 5 the PCB and the RF cable are not shown in

[0081] ), and the RF cable is connected to the copper wires 02 through the PCB for feeding the copper wires 02. The middle area of the copper wires 02 is spiral, and the upper and lower parts on both sides of the middle area of the copper wires 02 can be regarded as two antenna units.

[0082] (2) The structure of the second antenna can be as shown in Figure 6 , please refer to Figure 6 , the antenna includes: a feeding structure 10, a PCB 11, and a plurality of radiation elements 12 arranged on the PCB 11 ( Figure 6 three radiation elements are shown in

[0083] ), and these radiation elements can be regarded as a plurality of antenna units.

[0084] Please continue to refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 each radiation element 12 in Figure 6 includes two dipoles with different lengths (such as the dipole 121 and the dipole 122 in Figure 6 ), and the lengths of these two dipoles are different. Therefore, when these two dipoles are fed by the feeding structure, two frequencies of electromagnetic waves can be excited. In this way, the antenna shown in

[0085] (3) The structure of the third antenna can be as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , where Figure 7 and Figure 8 respectively show the upper surface and the lower surface of the PCB in the antenna. The antenna includes: a first feeding structure 201, a second feeding structure 202 and a PCB 21, and three first radiation elements 22 arranged on the upper surface of the PCB 21 (as shown in Figure 7 ), and two second radiation elements 23 arranged on the lower surface of the PCB 21 (as shown in Figure 8As shown). The three first radiation elements 22 can be regarded as three antenna elements, and the two second radiation elements 23 can be regarded as two antenna elements.

[0086] The first feeding structure 201 can feed each first radiation element 22, and the excitation signals applied by the first feeding structure 201 to different first radiation elements 22 are the same, so that the phases of the currents on different first radiation elements 22 are the same. In this way, these first radiation elements 22 can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first radiation elements 22.

[0087] The second feeding structure 202 can feed each second radiation element 23, and the excitation signals applied by the second feeding structure 202 to different second radiation elements 23 are the same, so that the phases of the currents on different second radiation elements 23 are the same. In this way, these second radiation elements 23 can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the second radiation elements 23.

[0088] Moreover, the frequencies of the electromagnetic waves radiated outward by the first radiation elements 22 and the second radiation elements 23 are different. In this way, Figure 3 the antenna shown can radiate electromagnetic waves of two frequencies to a plane perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first radiation elements 22.

[0089] However, at present, these several types of antennas mainly radiate electromagnetic waves to one plane, so the functions of these antennas are relatively single.

[0090] Moreover, even for the electromagnetic waves that the antenna can radiate in other directions, according to the principle of energy conservation, the higher the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna in one direction, the lower the gain of the electromagnetic waves that the antenna can radiate in other directions. Therefore, when the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the antenna elements have a high gain (such as 5 dBi), the antenna cannot radiate electromagnetic waves with a high gain in this arrangement direction. For example, the gain of this electromagnetic wave is -15 dBi.

[0091] In addition, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, many family houses are multi-story structures. In this way, users in the family not only have communication requirements in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction. For example, for a two-story house, when the router is installed on the first floor, when the user is moving on the first floor, they hope to be able to connect to the router to access the Internet; when the user is moving on the second floor, they also hope to be able to connect to the router to access the Internet.

[0092] However, current antennas can only radiate electromagnetic waves in one plane, and this plane is often a horizontal plane, which results in the shortcoming that current antennas cannot radiate electromagnetic waves with strong gain in the vertical direction. When users are active on the second floor, they often cannot connect to the router and thus cannot access the Internet.

[0093] An antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application has the ability to radiate electromagnetic waves in two different planes. Therefore, the functions of the antenna are enriched. In this way, the antenna can meet the communication requirements of users in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0094] Exemplarily, Figure 9 is the front view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 10 is Figure 9 the side view of the antenna shown in. Please combine Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the antenna includes a radiation structure 7 and a feeding structure 9.

[0095] The radiation structure 7 includes: a shaft portion 71 and a plurality of rod portions 72. Both the shaft portion 71 and the rod portions 72 are conductors. The shaft portion 71 is connected to the rod portions 72, and the connection portion 721 between the shaft portion 71 and the rod portions 72 is located in the middle region of the rod portions 72. At this time, the rod portions 72 include a first portion 722 and a second portion 723 on both sides of the connection portion 721. The plurality of rod portions 72 are arranged in sequence along the length direction A of the shaft portion 71. The electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure is greater than the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of free space.

[0096] The feeding structure 9 is used to feed the radiation structure 7 so that the shaft portion 71 and the rod portions 72 alternately radiate electromagnetic waves; wherein, the shaft portion 71 is used to radiate electromagnetic waves in a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion 71, and the rod portions 72 are used to radiate electromagnetic waves in a plane perpendicular to the rod portions 72.

[0097] It should be noted that in the radiation structure 7, the shaft portion 71 is mainly used to radiate electromagnetic waves in a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion 71, and the shaft portion 71 can also be used to radiate electromagnetic waves in other directions not parallel to this plane. Correspondingly, the rod portions 72 are mainly used to radiate electromagnetic waves in a plane perpendicular to the rod portions 72, and the rod portions 72 can also be used to radiate electromagnetic waves in other directions not parallel to this plane.

[0098] Optionally, the length direction of the shaft portion 71 in the radiation structure 7 can be parallel to the gravity direction so that the shaft portion 71 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the horizontal plane. The length direction of the rod portions 72 in the radiation structure 7 can be perpendicular to the gravity direction so that the rod portions 72 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the plane in the vertical direction.

[0099] According to the above content, it can be known that the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application has two working modes, namely, the first working mode (also called the even-mode) in which the shaft portion 71 radiates electromagnetic waves, and the second working mode (odd-mode) in which the rod portion 72 radiates electromagnetic waves. Moreover, the antenna can radiate electromagnetic waves to different planes in these two working modes. For example, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna in these two working modes can be as Figure 11 shown. The feeding structure 9 in the antenna can feed the radiation structure 7 so that the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application alternates between the first working mode and the second working mode.

[0100] (1) In the first working mode of the antenna, as Figure 12 shown, when the feeding structure 9 feeds the radiation structure 7, the current direction F1 on the shaft portion 71 is parallel to the length direction A of the shaft portion 71, and the current directions on the two parts (referred to as the first part 722 and the second part 723) of the rod portion 72 located on both sides of the connection 721 with the shaft portion 71 are opposite, and both are parallel to the rod portion 72. For example, the current direction F2 on the first part 722 is to the left, and the current direction F3 on the second part 723 is to the right. At this time, the shaft portion 71 can be regarded as a plurality of radiation units arranged in sequence along the length direction of the shaft portion 71, and the phases of the currents on these radiation units are the same, so that the shaft portion 71 can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion 71. It should be noted that Figure 12 only schematically shows Figure 9 the shaft portion 71 and the rod portion 72 in the radiation structure in Figure 12 and the radiation structure in Figure 9 is different from the radiation structure in

[0101] Moreover, the current directions on the first part 722 and the second part 723 of the rod portion 72 are opposite, and there is a situation of mutual cancellation (for example, the currents on the first part 722 and the second part 723 are completely cancelled), so that the influence of the rod portion 72 on the radiation of electromagnetic waves by the shaft portion 71 is relatively small.

[0102] For example, Figure 13 is a polarization direction diagram of an electromagnetic wave provided in the embodiment of the present application. This polarization direction diagram is the polarization direction diagram of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion 71 in the first working mode at φ = 0° in the spherical coordinate system. As Figure 13 shown, when the working frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft portion 71 is 5.5 GHz, 5.5 GHz or 5.9 GHz, the main beam of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna basically points to the direction of θ = 90° in the spherical coordinate system, and the antenna mainly radiates electromagnetic waves in the direction perpendicular to the shaft portion 71. Moreover, it can be seen from Figure 13 that the gain of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna in the first working mode is relatively high.

[0103] (2) In the second operating mode of the antenna, as Figure 14 shown, when the feeding structure 9 feeds the radiation structure 7, the current direction on the rod portion 72 close to the feeding structure 9 is parallel to the length direction of the rod portion 72. For example, Figure 14 in the first part 722 and the second part 723 of the rod portion 72 in Figure 14

[0104] Figure 14 , the current directions F2 on the first part 722 and the second part 723 of the rod portion 72 are both to the right. These rod portions 72 can be regarded as a plurality of radiation units arranged in sequence along the length direction of the rod portion 72, and the phases of the currents on these radiation units are the same, so that the rod portion 72 can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion 72.

[0105] Moreover, when the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of a certain structure is greater than that of free space, this structure is equivalent to a director, and the electromagnetic waves on this structure can be confined in this structure and propagate along this structure. Since the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure 7 is greater than that of free space, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the rod portion 72 close to the feeding structure 9 can be confined in the radiation structure 7 and propagate to the rod portion 72 away from the feeding structure 9. The rod portion 72 away from the feeding structure 9 can generate a current under the action of these electromagnetic waves and radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion 72. This process repeats until all the rod portions 72 can radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion 72. Moreover, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the multiple rod portions 72 can be superimposed to increase the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna in the plane perpendicular to the rod portion 72.

[0106] Exemplarily, Figure 15 is another polarization direction diagram of electromagnetic waves provided by the embodiment of the present application. This polarization direction diagram is the polarization direction diagram of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion 72 in the spherical coordinate system when φ = 0°. As Figure 15 shown, when the operating frequencies of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the rod portion 72 are 5.5 GHz, 5.5 GHz or 5.9 GHz, the main beam of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna basically points to the direction of θ = 0° in the spherical coordinate system, and the antenna mainly radiates electromagnetic waves in the direction perpendicular to the rod portion 72. Moreover, Figure 15 it can be seen that the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna in the second operating mode is relatively high.

[0107] In the embodiments of the present application, the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure 7 is greater than that of free space, and the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves is negatively correlated with the electromagnetic wave propagation constant. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of the radiation structure 7 is less than that of free space, and the radiation structure 7 has the characteristics of slow wave transmission. Optionally, the radiation structure 7 can be implemented by a Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SSPPs) structure. The SSPPs structure has a strong field confinement effect, and electromagnetic waves can be confined to the SSPPs structure for transmission to achieve the function of the radiation structure 7.

[0108] Further, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , when the radiation structure 7 includes a shaft portion 71 and a plurality of rod portions 72, the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure 7 can be made greater than that of free space by arranging the plurality of rod portions 72 in a certain periodic arrangement along the length direction A of the shaft portion 71 and designing the arrangement parameters of the rod portions 72. Among them, the arrangement parameters of the rod portion 72 include: the lengths of the first portion 722 and the second portion 723 in the rod portion 72, the width of the rod portion 72 in the length direction A, and the spacing between the plurality of rod portions 72 in the length direction A, etc.

[0109] It should be noted that when the plurality of rod portions 72 are arranged in a certain periodic arrangement along the length direction A of the shaft portion 71, the plurality of rod portions 72 can be divided into multiple groups of rod portions 72 arranged in sequence along the length direction A of the shaft portion 71, and the arrangement manners of different groups of rod portions 72 in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71 are the same. For example, the multiple groups of rod portions 72 are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71. Each group of rod portions 72 includes m rod portions 72. When m > 1, the spacing between the nth rod portion 72 and the (n + 1)th rod portion 72 in different groups of rod portions 72 in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71 is the same. Among them, m ≥ 1, n ≥ 1, and n + 1 ≤ m.

[0110] When m = 1, each group of rod portions 72 includes one rod portion 72. Since the multiple groups of rod portions 72 are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71, the multiple rod portions 72 in the radiation structure 7 are also arranged at equal intervals in this length direction A. For example, Figure 9 the multiple rod portions 72 in are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71, and the spacing between the rod portions 72 is B ( Figure 9 the spacing B is not marked in). At this time, it can be considered that each group of rod portions 72 includes 1 rod portion 72, these groups of rod portions 72 are arranged at equal intervals in the direction A, and the spacing between any adjacent two groups of rod portions 72 in the length direction A is B.

[0111] When m > 1, the m rod parts 72 in each group of rod parts 72 can be arranged at equal intervals or at unequal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the shaft part 71.

[0112] Exemplarily, in the longitudinal direction A of the shaft part 71, these m rod parts 72 are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between adjacent rod parts 72 among the m rod parts 72 is equal to the interval between any adjacent two groups of rod parts 72. For example, for Figure 9 the multiple rod parts 72 shown, it can be considered that each group of rod parts 72 includes multiple rod parts 72 (such as 3 rod parts 72). The interval between any two adjacent rod parts among these 3 rod parts in the longitudinal direction A is B, and moreover, the interval between any adjacent two groups of rod parts 72 in the longitudinal direction A is B. Also, the interval between the first rod part 72 and the second rod part 72 in each group of rod parts 72 in the longitudinal direction A of the shaft part 71 is B, and the interval between the second rod part 72 and the third rod part 72 in each group of rod parts 72 in the longitudinal direction A of the shaft part 71 is B.

[0113] Also exemplarily, in the longitudinal direction of the shaft part 71, the m rod parts 72 are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between adjacent rod parts 72 among the m rod parts 72 is not equal to the interval between any adjacent two groups of rod parts 72. For example, as Figure 16 shown, the radiation structure 7 includes 9 rod parts 72. These 9 rod parts 72 are divided into 3 groups of rod parts 72, and each group of rod parts 72 includes 3 rod parts 72. The 3 groups of rod parts 72 are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction A of the shaft part 71. For example, the interval between every two adjacent groups of rod parts 72 is B, that is, the interval between the last rod part 72 of the previous group of rod parts 72 and the first rod part 72 of the next group of rod parts 72 is B. Among the 3 rod parts 72 in each group of rod parts 72, the interval between the first rod part 72 and the second rod part 72 is 1.05*B, and the interval between the second rod part 72 and the third rod part 72 is 1.05*B.

[0114] Also exemplarily, the m rod parts 72 are arranged at unequal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the shaft part 71. For example, as Figure 17 shown, the radiation structure 7 includes 15 rod parts 72. These 15 rod parts 72 are divided into 3 groups of rod parts 72, and each group of rod parts 72 includes 5 rod parts 72. The interval between every two adjacent groups of rod parts 72 is B. Among the 5 rod parts 72 in each group of rod parts 72, the interval between the first rod part 72 and the second rod part 72 is 1.05*B, the interval between the second rod part 72 and the third rod part 72 is 1.04*B, the interval between the third rod part 72 and the fourth rod part 72 is 1.03*B, and the interval between the fourth rod part 72 and the fifth rod part 72 is 1.02*B.

[0115] According to the above content, for the multiple rod parts 72 in the radiation structure 7, these rod parts 72 can be arranged at equal intervals or at unequal intervals in the longitudinal direction A of the shaft part 71.

[0116] Optionally, when multiple rod portions 72 in the radiation structure 7 are arranged at unequal intervals in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71, among the distances between adjacent rod portions 72 in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71, the difference between any two distances is less than or equal to 1 / 3 of any one distance. For example, the difference between any two distances is less than or equal to 0.2 mm. Herein, the distance between adjacent rod portions 72 in the length direction A refers to the distance between the centers of adjacent rod portions 72 in the length direction A.

[0117] Optionally, whether the multiple rod portions 72 in the radiation structure 7 are arranged at equal intervals or unequal intervals in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71, the distance range between adjacent rod portions 72 in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71 can be [λ / 100, λ / 50]. For example, the distance range is [0.6 mm, 1.2 mm]. λ represents the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion 72, and this operating wavelength is equal to the product of the reciprocal of the operating frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion 72 and the speed of light. The operating frequency of the electromagnetic wave can be the center frequency of the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave. By way of example, the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion 72 can be from 5.1 GHz to 6.5 GHz. Further, the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft portion 71 can be the same as or different from the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion 72. For example, the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft portion 71 can be from 4.5 GHz to 6.5 GHz.

[0118] When the distance range between adjacent rod portions 72 in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71 is [λ / 100, λ / 50], the multiple rod portions 72 in the radiation structure 7 are relatively close to each other, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the multiple rod portions 72 can be effectively superimposed, thereby reducing the energy loss of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the multiple rod portions 72 and improving the gain of the antenna.

[0119] Optionally, please continue to refer to Figure 9 , the rod portion 72 includes: a first portion 722 and a second portion 723. The first portion 722 and the second portion 723 are located on both sides of the connection portion 721 (the connection portion between the rod portion 72 and the shaft portion 71), and the length difference between the first portion 722 and the second portion 723 is less than or equal to λ / 10. For example, this length difference can be less than or equal to 1 mm. Optionally, the first portion 722 and the second portion 723 have equal lengths.

[0120] When the length difference between the first portion 722 and the second portion 723 is less than or equal to λ / 10, the length difference between the first portion 722 and the second portion 723 is relatively small. In the first operating mode of the above antenna, the degree of cancellation of the currents on the first portion 722 and the second portion 723 is relatively high, so that the influence of the rod portion 72 on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft portion 71 is relatively small.

[0121] Optionally, the lengths of both the first part 722 and the second part 723 can be in the range of [λ / 8, λ / 4]. For example, the length range can be [6 mm, 10 mm].

[0122] Please continue to refer to Figure 9 , at at least one end of the shaft portion 71, the lengths of at least two rod portions 72 (such as 2 to 50 rod portions 72) decrease in the direction approaching the end of the shaft portion 71. In the embodiment of the present application, taking Figure 9 as an example, at one end of the shaft portion 71 away from the radiation structure 9, the lengths of 11 rod portions 72 decrease in the direction approaching the end of the shaft portion 71. The region where any one end of the at least one end in the radiation structure 7 is located can be arc-shaped, triangular or trapezoidal, Figure 9 taking the arc shape as an example.

[0123] When, at a certain end of the shaft portion 71, the lengths of at least two rod portions 72 decrease in the direction approaching the end of the shaft portion 71, in the region where the end is located in the radiation structure 7, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the plurality of rod portions 72 can match the electromagnetic wave momentum in free space, so as to effectively radiate the electromagnetic waves radiated by the plurality of rod portions 72 from this end into free space. It can be seen that the antenna provided by the present application can radiate a directional beam with end-fire characteristics.

[0124] Optionally, in the radiation structure 7, the shaft portion 71 can be perpendicular to the rod portion 72, and the length of the shaft portion 71 can be greater than the length of the rod portion 72. Of course, the shaft portion 71 can also be not perpendicular to the rod portion 72, and the length of the shaft portion 71 can also be less than or equal to the length of the rod portion 72. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0125] Optionally, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: an insulating substrate 8; the radiation structure 7 is located on the insulating substrate 8, and the feeding structure 9 is located on the side of the insulating substrate 8 away from the radiation structure 7. Figure 9 and Figure 10 the feeding structure 9 in

[0126] Example, please refer to Figure 9 , the length Z1 of the insulating substrate 8 in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71 can be 1.96 times of λ, such as Z1 being equal to 107 mm; the length Z2 of the insulating substrate 8 in the length direction of the rod portion 72 can be 0.29 times of λ, such as Z2 being equal to 16 mm. It can be seen that the size of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application is small.

[0127] When manufacturing the radiation structure 7, a metal layer can be formed on the insulating substrate 8, and then the metal layer is patterned to obtain the radiation structure 7.

[0128] The above content explains the radiation structure 7 in the antenna. The following content will explain the feeding structure 9 in the antenna.

[0129] The feeding structure 9 in the embodiment of the present application is used to feed the radiation structure 7 so that the antenna can switch between the above-mentioned first working mode and the second working mode. Exemplarily, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the feeding structure 9 may include: a first feeding part 1 and a second feeding part 4 that are insulated from each other.

[0130] The first feeding part 1 is used to feed the radiation structure 7 so that the shaft part 71 radiates electromagnetic waves, and the second feeding part 4 is used to feed the radiation structure 7 so that the rod part 72 radiates electromagnetic waves. The first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 can alternately feed the radiation structure 7 so that the shaft part 71 and the rod part 72 alternately radiate electromagnetic waves. Exemplarily, the first feeding part 1 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the radiation structure 7 so that a current is coupled out on the shaft part 71 in the radiation structure 7, and the electromagnetic waves are radiated outward under the action of this current. The second feeding part 4 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the radiation structure 7 so that a current is coupled out on the rod part 72 in the radiation structure 7, and the electromagnetic waves are radiated outward under the action of this current.

[0131] Both the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 can be strip-shaped conductors, and the first feeding part 1 is perpendicular to the second feeding part 4. When the first feeding part 1 is perpendicular to the second feeding part 4, the feeding signals emitted by the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 2 are orthogonal to each other, and the isolation degree between the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 is relatively high, and the mutual influence between these two feeding parts is relatively small. Exemplarily, Figure 18 shows the parameter S21 (unit: decibel (dB)) of the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 when radiating electromagnetic waves of different frequencies. The absolute value of S21 is the isolation degree between the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4. From Figure 18 it can be seen that the isolation degree between the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 is greater than 15 dB.

[0132] The first feeding part 1 can be parallel to the shaft part 71, and the second feeding part 4 can be parallel to the rod part 72. The first feeding part 1 may not be parallel to the shaft part 71 either, and the second feeding part 4 may not be parallel to the rod part 72 either. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this. When the first feeding part 1 is parallel to the shaft part 71, when the first feeding part 1 couples and feeds the radiation structure 7, a relatively strong current can be coupled out on the shaft part 71. When the second feeding part 4 is parallel to the rod part 72, when the second feeding part 4 couples and feeds the radiation structure 7, a relatively strong current can be coupled out on the rod part 72.

[0133] The orthographic projection of the first feeding part 1 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located can at least partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the shaft part 71 on this plane; the orthographic projection of the second feeding part 4 on this plane can at least partially overlap with the orthographic projections of the plurality of rod parts 72 on this plane. Further, when the orthographic projection of the first feeding part 1 on this plane at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the shaft part 71 on this plane, the orthographic projection of the center line of the first feeding part 1 on this plane coincides with the orthographic projection of the center line of the shaft part 71 on this plane. Of course, the orthographic projection of the center line of the first feeding part 1 on this plane and the orthographic projection of the center line of the shaft part 71 on this plane may also not coincide.

[0134] In the case where the orthographic projections of the first feeding part 1 and the shaft part 71 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located at least partially coincide, when the first feeding part 1 couples and feeds power to the radiation structure 7, a relatively strong current can be coupled out on the shaft part 71. In the case where the orthographic projections of the second feeding part 4 and the plurality of rod parts 72 on this plane at least partially overlap, when the second feeding part 4 couples and feeds power to the radiation structure 7, a relatively strong current can be coupled out on the rod parts 72.

[0135] Please continue to refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The length of the first feeding part 1 can be less than the length of the shaft part 71, and both the first feeding part 71 and the second feeding part 72 are close to one end of the shaft part 71. For example, one end of the first feeding part 1 can be flush with one end of the shaft part 71. The length of the first feeding part 1 can also be greater than or equal to the length of the shaft part 71. The length of the second feeding part 4 can be less than the length of the rod part 72. The length of the second feeding part 4 can also be greater than or equal to the length of the rod part 72, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0136] In the length direction A of the shaft part 71, there is a spacing between the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 to try to increase the distance between these two feeding parts and reduce the mutual influence between these two feeding parts.

[0137] The first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 can be located on the same side of the radiation structure 7. Of course, the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 can also be located on different sides of the radiation structure 7, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0138] The orthographic projection of the second feeding part 4 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located can be located outside the orthographic projection of the shaft part 71 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located. The orthographic projection of the second feeding part 4 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located can also overlap with the orthographic projection of the shaft part 71 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located.

[0139] Please continue to refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10, the orthographic projection of the first feeding portion 1 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located may be trapezoidal, and the orthographic projection of the second feeding portion 4 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located may be rectangular. The orthographic projection of the first feeding portion 1 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located may also be in other shapes (such as rectangular, elliptical, etc.), and the orthographic projection of the second feeding portion 4 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located may also be in other shapes (such as trapezoidal, elliptical, etc.).

[0140] Please refer to Figure 10 , in the direction C perpendicular to the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located, the distance between the first feeding portion 1 and the shaft portion 71 is greater than the distance between the second feeding portion 4 and the shaft portion 71. At this time, in this direction C, the second feeding portion 4 is located between the first feeding portion 1 and the shaft portion 71. In this direction, the distance between the first feeding portion 1 and the shaft portion 71 may also be less than or equal to the distance between the second feeding portion 4 and the shaft portion 71, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0141] Optionally, please continue to refer to Figure 10 , the distance h1 between the first feeding portion 1 and the shaft portion 71 in this direction C is less than or equal to 0.2 times the operating wavelength of the shaft portion 71. For example, the distance h1 is equal to 15 millimeters; the distance h2 between the second feeding portion 4 and the shaft portion 71 in this direction C is less than or equal to 0.2 times the operating wavelength of the rod portion 72, such as the distance h2 is equal to 10 millimeters.

[0142] The length L1 of the first feeding portion 1 may be 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the shaft portion 71, and the length L2 of the second feeding portion 4 may be 1 / 4 of the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion 72. For example, when the lengths of both the first feeding portion 1 and the second feeding portion 4 are in the range of [10 mm, 14 mm], the frequency bands of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the shaft portion 71 and the rod portion 72 may both be from 5.1 GHz to 5.9 GHz.

[0143] Furthermore, the feeding structure 9 further includes: at least one grounding portion. The at least one grounding portion corresponds to at least one of the first feeding portion 1 and the second feeding portion 4 one by one, and the grounding portion and the corresponding feeding portion form a monopole. For example, please continue to refer to Figure 9 , the at least one grounding portion includes: a first grounding portion 3 and a second grounding portion 6. The first grounding portion 3 corresponds to the first feeding portion 1 and forms a monopole. The second grounding portion 6 corresponds to the second feeding portion 4 and forms another monopole. Both the first grounding portion 3 and the second grounding portion 6 may be aluminum plates or copper plates with a thickness of 1 millimeter (or other thicknesses), etc. Of course, the feeding structure 9 may also include only one of the first feeding portion 3 and the second feeding portion 6.

[0144] It should be noted that a monopole is also called a monopole antenna, such as Figure 19As shown, a monopole generally includes a ground plane 1401 and a metal strip 1402 mounted on the ground plane 1401. The metal strip 1402 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the side of the ground plane 1401 where the metal strip 1402 is located. And under the reflection of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the metal strip 1402 by the ground plane 1401, the metal strip 1402 cannot radiate electromagnetic waves to the other side of the ground plane 1401. It can be seen that the monopole has a strong directivity in radiating electromagnetic waves. And since the monopole does not need to radiate electromagnetic waves to the other side of the ground plane when radiating electromagnetic waves outward, the power consumption of the monopole is low.

[0145] In the embodiments of the present application, the grounding part is equivalent to the ground plane in the monopole, and the corresponding feeding part of the grounding part is equivalent to the metal strip in the monopole. When a monopole is formed by the grounding part and the corresponding feeding part, the feeding part can effectively radiate electromagnetic waves to the radiation structure 7 to couple and feed the radiation structure 7. And the feeding directivity of the feeding part is strong and the power consumption is low.

[0146] Optionally, the orthographic projection of at least one of the above-mentioned grounding parts on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located is located outside the orthographic projection of the radiation structure 7 on the plane where the radiation structure 7 is located. In this case, the radiation structure 7 is located on one side of the grounding part, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the monopole composed of the grounding part and the corresponding feeding part can be radiated to the radiation structure 7 more, so that the feeding part can effectively radiate electromagnetic waves to the radiation structure 7 and improve the feeding efficiency of the feeding part to the radiation structure 7.

[0147] In addition, the first grounding part 3 and the second grounding part 6 can also play a role in impedance matching to a certain extent. In this way, after the feeding structure 9 where the first grounding part 3 and the second grounding part 6 are located feeds the radiation structure 7, the return loss of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the central part 71 of the radiation structure 7 is small, and the return loss of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the rod part 72 is also small. By way of example, Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the return loss provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 20 shown, when the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave Y1 radiated by the central part 71 is from 4.8 GHz to 6.5 GHz, the return loss of the electromagnetic wave Y1 radiated by the central part 71 is generally below -10 dB; when the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave Y2 radiated by the rod part 72 is from 5.1 GHz to 6.5 GHz, the return loss of the electromagnetic wave Y2 radiated by the rod part 72 is generally below -10 dB. It can be seen that the return losses of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the central part 71 and the rod part 72 are both small.

[0148] Optionally, please continue to refer to Figure 9 , the feeding structure 9 further includes: a first connector 2 and a second connector 5; the first connector 2 is connected to both the first feeding part 1 and the first grounding part 3 ( Figure 9(The connection relationship between the first connector 2 and the first feeding part 1 is not shown in the figure), and is used to feed the first feeding part 1 and the first grounding part 3; the second connector 5 is connected to both the second feeding part 4 and the second grounding part 6( Figure 9 (The connection relationship between the second connector 5 and the second feeding part 2 is not shown in the figure), and is used to feed the second feeding part 4 and the second grounding part 6. Exemplarily, both the first connector 2 and the second structure 5 can be SMA connectors.

[0149] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the feeding structure 9 includes: the first feeding part 1, the first connector 2, the first grounding part 3, the second feeding part 4, the second connector 5, and the second grounding part 6 as an example. Optionally, the feeding structure 9 can also have other implementation manners.

[0150] For example, the feeding structure 9 includes the first feeding part 1, does not include the second feeding part 4, and can also include a moving unit. The first feeding part 1 can feed the radiation structure 7 at Figure 9 the first position where the first feeding part 1 is located in the figure, so that the shaft part 71 radiates electromagnetic waves. The moving unit can drive the first feeding part 1 to move from the above first position to Figure 9 the second position where the second feeding part 4 is located in the figure. At this time, the first feeding part 1 is also used to feed the radiation structure 7, so that the rod part 72 radiates electromagnetic waves.

[0151] In the embodiments of the present application, the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 can alternately feed the radiation structure 7, so that the shaft part 71 and the rod part 72 alternately radiate electromagnetic waves, so that the antenna can switch between the above first working mode and the second working mode. Optionally, the antenna further includes: a controller (not shown in the drawings), and the controller can control the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 to alternately feed the radiation structure 7.

[0152] Exemplarily, the controller is connected to the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4, and is used to alternately provide feeding signals to the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4; each feeding part in the first feeding part 1 and the second feeding part 4 is used to feed the radiation structure 7 according to the received feeding signal.

[0153] Further, the controller can include: a control part and a switch, and the control part is connected to the first feeding part and the second feeding part through the switch. The control part in the controller can control the switch to conduct the connection between the control part and the first feeding part, and provide a feeding signal to the first feeding part; the control part can also control the switch to conduct the connection between the control part and the second feeding part, and provide a feeding signal to the second feeding part. It can be seen that the control part can control the switch to alternately conduct the connection between the control part and the two feeding parts to realize alternately providing feeding signals to the two feeding parts.

[0154] When the above feeding structure includes a first connector and a second connector, the control unit can connect the first connector and the second connector through a switch, and further connect the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit. When the controller provides a feeding signal to the first feeding unit, it can control the switch to conduct the connection between the control unit and the first connector; when providing a feeding signal to the second feeding unit, it controls the switch to conduct the connection between the control unit and the second connector.

[0155] Optionally, the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: an adjustment structure (not shown in the drawings); the adjustment structure is used to adjust the relative position between the second feeding unit 4 and the radiation structure 7 in the length direction A of the shaft portion 71. Since the relative position between the second feeding unit 4 and the radiation structure 7 in the length direction A can be adjusted, and this relative position is related to the intensity of the electromagnetic waves radiated on both sides of the antenna in this direction A, the intensity of the electromagnetic waves radiated on both sides of the antenna in this direction A can also be adjusted.

[0156] Optionally, the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: a housing (not shown in the drawings), and at least part of the structure of the antenna except the housing can be located inside the housing. For example, the above-mentioned radiation structure 7 and feeding structure 9 are both located inside the housing, and the feeding structure 9 can be fixed on the inner surface of the housing.

[0157] According to the above content, the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can radiate electromagnetic waves to two different planes, so as to meet the communication requirements of the family in the horizontal and vertical directions, and is applicable to multi-story houses. Moreover, the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application has a relatively high gain of the radiated electromagnetic waves, a small size, and a simple structure and is easy to process.

[0158] Based on the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, and this communication device includes any one of the antennas provided in the embodiment of the present application. This communication device can be any communication device with an antenna, such as a wireless router, an ONT, etc.

[0159] The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application has a corresponding electromagnetic wave radiation method. Exemplarily, the electromagnetic wave radiation method of the antenna may include:

[0160] The feeding structure feeds the radiation structure so that the shaft portion and the rod portion alternately radiate electromagnetic waves; wherein, the shaft portion is used to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion, and the rod portion is used to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portion.

[0161] Optionally, the feeding structure includes: a first feeding part and a second feeding part that are insulated from each other; the first feeding part is used to couple and feed the radiation structure so that the shaft part radiates electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft part; the second feeding part is used to couple and feed the radiation structure so that the rod part radiates electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod part. When the feeding structure feeds the radiation structure, the first feeding part and the second feeding part in the feeding structure can alternately couple and feed the radiation structure so that the shaft part and the rod part in the radiation structure alternately radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0162] Optionally, the antenna includes: a controller, and the controller is connected to the first feeding part and the second feeding part; these two feeding parts can alternately couple and feed the radiation structure under the control of the controller. For example, before the first feeding part and the second feeding part alternately couple and feed the radiation structure, the controller can alternately provide feeding signals to the first feeding part and the second feeding part. At this time, the first feeding part and the second feeding part can couple and feed the radiation structure according to the received feeding signals to achieve that the first feeding part and the second feeding part alternately couple and feed the radiation structure.

[0163] Furthermore, the controller may include: a control part and a switch, and the control part is connected to the first feeding part and the second feeding part through the switch. The control part in the controller can control the switch to conduct the connection between the control part and the first feeding part and provide a feeding signal to the first feeding part; the control part can also control the switch to conduct the connection between the control part and the second feeding part and provide a feeding signal to the second feeding part. It can be seen that the control part can control the switch to alternately conduct the connection between the control part and the two feeding parts to achieve alternately providing feeding signals to the two feeding parts.

[0164] Optionally, the antenna further includes: an adjustment structure, and the adjustment structure can adjust the relative position of the second feeding part and the radiation structure in the length direction of the shaft part. Since the relative position of the second feeding part and the radiation structure in the length direction of the shaft part can be adjusted, and this relative position is related to the intensity of the electromagnetic waves radiated on both sides of the antenna in this direction, the intensity of the electromagnetic waves radiated on both sides of the antenna in this direction can also be adjusted. Before the feeding structure feeds the radiation structure, the adjustment structure can adjust the relative position of the second feeding part and the radiation structure in the length direction of the shaft part according to requirements to adjust the intensity of the electromagnetic waves radiated on both sides of the antenna in this direction.

[0165] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined. The term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0166] The method embodiments, antenna embodiments, communication device embodiments and other different types of embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application can be referred to each other, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitations in this regard. The order of operations of the method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application can be adjusted appropriately, and the operations can also be increased or decreased accordingly according to the situation. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application can easily think of a changed method, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0167] In the corresponding embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed antennas and communication devices can be implemented in other constitutive manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.

[0168] As mentioned above, the above are only optional implementation manners of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a radiation structure (7) and a feeding structure (9); The radiation structure (7) includes: a shaft portion (71) and a plurality of rod portions (72); wherein, the shaft portion (71) is connected to the rod portions (72), and the connection portion (721) between the shaft portion (71) and the rod portions (72) is located in the middle region of the rod portions (72); the plurality of rod portions (72) are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the shaft portion (71), the plurality of rod portions (72) are divided into multiple groups of rod portions (72) arranged in sequence along the length direction of the shaft portion (71), and the arrangement modes of different groups of rod portions (72) in the length direction of the shaft portion (71) are the same; the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure (7) is greater than the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of free space; both the shaft portion (71) and the rod portions (72) are conductors; The feeding structure (9) is used to feed the radiation structure (7) so that the shaft portion (71) and the rod portions (72) alternately radiate electromagnetic waves; wherein, the shaft portion (71) is used to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion (71), and the rod portions (72) are used to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod portions (72).

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The multiple groups of rod portions (72) are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction of the shaft portion (71); Each group of rod portions (72) includes m rod portions (72). When m>1, the distance between the nth rod portion (72) and the (n + 1)th rod portion (72) in different groups of rod portions (72) in the length direction of the shaft portion (71) is the same, m≥1, n≥1, n + 1≤m.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, When m>2, in the length direction of the shaft portion (71), the m rod portions (72) are arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between adjacent rod portions (72) among the m rod portions (72) is equal to the distance between any adjacent two groups of rod portions (72); Or, when m>2, in the length direction of the shaft portion (71), the m rod portions (72) are arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between adjacent rod portions (72) among the m rod portions (72) is not equal to the distance between any adjacent two groups of rod portions (72); Or, when m>2, the m rod portions (72) are arranged non-equidistantly in the length direction of the shaft portion (71).

4. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein When m>2, the m rod portions (72) are arranged non-equidistantly in the length direction of the shaft portion (71). Among the distances between adjacent rod portions in the length direction of the shaft portion (71) of the plurality of rod portions, the difference between any two of the distances is less than or equal to 1 / 3 of any one of the distances.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The distance range between adjacent rod portions (72) in the length direction of the shaft portion (71) is [λ / 100, λ / 50], where λ represents the working wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion (72).

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The rod portion (72) includes: a first portion (722) and a second portion (723), the first portion (722) and the second portion (723) are located on both sides of the connection portion (721), and the length difference between the first portion (722) and the second portion (723) is less than or equal to λ / 10, where λ represents the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion (72).

7. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein, The lengths of the first portion (722) and the second portion (723) are equal.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The rod portion (72) includes: a first portion (722) and a second portion (723), the first portion (722) and the second portion (723) are located on both sides of the connection portion (721), and the length ranges of both the first portion (722) and the second portion (723) are [λ / 8, λ / 4], where λ represents the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the rod portion (72).

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that At at least one end of the shaft portion (71), the lengths of at least two of the rod portions (72) decrease in the direction approaching the end of the shaft portion (71).

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The radiation structure (7) satisfies at least one of the following: The shaft portion (71) is perpendicular to the rod portion (72); Moreover, the length of the shaft portion (71) is greater than the length of the rod portion (72).

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The feeding structure (9) includes: a first feeding portion (1) and a second feeding portion (4) that are insulated from each other; The first feeding portion (1) is used to couple-feed the radiation structure (7) so that the shaft portion (71) radiates electromagnetic waves in a plane perpendicular to the shaft portion (71); The second feeding portion (4) is used to couple-feed the radiation structure (7) so that the rod portion (72) radiates electromagnetic waves in a plane perpendicular to the rod portion (72).

12. The antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that, Both the first feeding portion (1) and the second feeding portion (4) are strip-shaped, and the first feeding portion (1) is perpendicular to the second feeding portion (4).

13. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein, The first feeding portion (1) is parallel to the shaft portion (71), and / or the second feeding portion (4) is parallel to the rod portion (72).

14. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein The orthographic projection of the first feeding portion (1) on the plane where the radiation structure is located at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the shaft portion (71) on the plane where the radiation structure is located; And / or, the orthographic projection of the second feeding portion (4) on the plane where the radiation structure is located at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the plurality of rod portions (72) on the plane where the radiation structure is located.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the center line of the first feeding portion (1) on the plane where the radiation structure is located coincides with the orthographic projection of the center line of the shaft portion (71) on the plane where the radiation structure is located.

16. The antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that, The feeding structure (9) further includes: at least one grounding portion; The at least one grounding portion corresponds to at least one of the first feeding portion (1) and the second feeding portion (4), and the grounding portion and the corresponding feeding portion form a monopole.

17. The antenna according to claim 16, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the at least one grounding portion on the plane where the radiation structure is located is located outside the orthographic projection of the radiation structure (7) on the plane where the radiation structure is located.

18. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein The antenna further includes: a controller; The controller is connected to the first feeding part (1) and the second feeding part (4), and is configured to alternately provide feeding signals to the first feeding part (1) and the second feeding part (4); The first feeding part (1) and the second feeding part (4) are configured to couple and feed the radiation structure according to the received feeding signals.

19. The antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that, The antenna further includes: an adjustment structure; The adjustment structure is configured to adjust the relative position between the second feeding part (4) and the radiation structure (7) in the length direction of the shaft part (71).

20. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The antenna further includes: an insulating substrate (8); The radiation structure (7) is located on the insulating substrate (8); The feeding structure (9) is located on the side of the radiation structure (7) away from the insulating substrate (8), or the feeding structure (9) is located on the side of the insulating substrate (8) away from the radiation structure (7).

21. An electromagnetic wave radiation method, characterized in that, For an antenna, the antenna includes: a radiation structure and a feeding structure, the radiation structure includes: a shaft part and a plurality of rod parts; the shaft part is connected to the rod parts, and the connection part between the shaft part and the rod parts is located in the middle area of the rod parts; the plurality of rod parts are divided into multiple groups of rod parts arranged in sequence along the length direction of the shaft part, and the arrangement modes of different groups of rod parts in the length direction of the shaft part are the same; the electromagnetic wave propagation constant of the radiation structure is greater than that of free space; both the shaft part and the rod parts are conductors; The method includes: The feeding structure feeds the radiation structure so that the shaft part and the rod parts alternately radiate electromagnetic waves; wherein, the shaft part is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft part, and the rod part is configured to radiate electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod part.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein The feeding structure includes: a first feeding part and a second feeding part that are insulated from each other; the first feeding part is configured to couple and feed the radiation structure so that the shaft part radiates electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the shaft part; the second feeding part is configured to couple and feed the radiation structure so that the rod part radiates electromagnetic waves to a plane perpendicular to the rod part; The feeding structure feeding the radiation structure includes: The first feeding part and the second feeding part alternately couple and feed the radiation structure.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The antenna includes: a controller, and the controller is connected to the first feeding part and the second feeding part; Before the first feeding part and the second feeding part alternately couple and feed the radiation structure, the method further includes: The controller alternately provides feeding signals to the first feeding part and the second feeding part; The first feeding part and the second feeding part alternately coupling and feeding the radiation structure includes: The first feeding part and the second feeding part couple and feed the radiation structure according to the received feeding signals.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The antenna further includes: an adjustment structure, and before the feeding structure feeds the radiation structure, the method further includes: The adjustment structure adjusts the relative position between the second feeding part and the radiation structure in the length direction of the shaft part.

25. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes: the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

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