Brush phase shifter

Abstract

A brush phase shifter includes a drive member, a gear assembly, a main printed circuit board, and a brush. The gear assembly includes a drive gear, a transmission gear, and a linkage gear. The drive gear is a bevel gear. The transmission gear includes a bevel gear portion and a cylindrical gear portion, the bevel gear portion having a large end and a small end, and the cylindrical gear portion is integrally formed at the large end of the bevel gear portion. The linkage gear is a cylindrical gear. The drive gear meshes with the bevel gear portion of the transmission gear, and the cylindrical gear portion of the transmission gear meshes with the linkage gear. The brush is fixedly connected to the linkage gear and is rotatably arranged on the main printed circuit board. The brush phase shifter of the present invention not only achieves precise control of phase changes and miniaturization, but is also suitable for multi-port antennas and optimizes the overall layout of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a brush phase shifter. Background Art

[0002] A brush phase shifter is a device that can adjust the phase of a wave. Any transmission medium will introduce a phase shift to the waves transmitted through it. Brush phase shifters are characterized by high phase shifting accuracy and are widely used in radar, missile attitude control, accelerators, communications, instrumentation, and even music. With the development of the mobile communications industry, electrically steerable antennas have become widely used to meet the needs of precise coverage and deployment costs. Brush phase shifters are the core component of electrically steerable antennas. These antennas can adjust the radiation beam angle by changing the phase of the brush phase shifter through a remotely controlled transmission system, thereby adjusting the network coverage area. Currently, there are various types of brush phase shifters for base station antennas, of which sector-shaped brush phase shifters are the most commonly used. Existing sector-shaped brush phase shifters include a drive module, a transmission module, and brushes. Because the transmission module in existing sector-shaped brush phase shifters includes a lead screw, which involves linear motion, then converts that linear motion into sector-shaped (a portion of a circle) motion of the brush to achieve phase control, existing sector-shaped brush phase shifters have the following disadvantages: The linear motion of the lead screw increases the longitudinal span of the transmission module. This not only results in long transmission distances and makes precise phase control difficult, but also occupies a large space, making it difficult to miniaturize. Consequently, the structural design of existing sector-shaped brush phase shifters is more complex, increasing the difficulty of overall antenna layout.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a brush phase shifter to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a brush phase shifter, which connects the driving part, the main printed circuit board and the brush into an integrated whole through a gear assembly. It can not only accurately control the phase change but also achieve miniaturization. It is also suitable for multi-port antennas and optimizes the overall layout of the antenna.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a brush phase shifter, comprising a driving member, a gear assembly, a main printed circuit board and a brush; the gear assembly comprises a driving gear, a transmission gear and a linkage gear, the driving gear is a bevel gear, the transmission gear comprises a bevel gear portion and a cylindrical gear portion, the bevel gear portion has a large end and a small end, the cylindrical gear portion is integrally formed at the large end of the bevel gear portion, the linkage gear is a cylindrical gear, the driving gear is meshed with the bevel gear portion of the transmission gear, and the cylindrical gear portion of the transmission gear is meshed with the linkage gear; the brush is fixedly connected to the linkage gear and is rotatably arranged on the main printed circuit board.

[0006] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the central axis of the driving gear extends in the front-to-back direction, and the transmission gear includes a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear. The first transmission gear and the second transmission gear have a total of two bevel gear parts and two cylindrical gear parts. The two cylindrical gear parts are arranged at intervals in the up and down directions perpendicular to the front-to-back direction. The two bevel gear parts are arranged face to face between the two cylindrical gear parts, and the two bevel gear parts are respectively engaged with the driving gear; driven by the driving gear, the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear rotate synchronously and in opposite directions.

[0007] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the linkage gear includes a first linkage gear and a second linkage gear, each of the linkage gears includes an outer wall surface with a circular cross-section, the outer wall surface of the first linkage gear is provided with a first tooth pattern portion and a second tooth pattern portion that are staggered up and down and distributed in parallel, the outer wall surface of the second linkage gear is provided with a third tooth pattern portion and a fourth tooth pattern portion that are staggered up and down and distributed in parallel, the projections of the first tooth pattern portion and the second tooth pattern portion on the cross-section of the first linkage gear are connected end to end to form a closed shape, and the projections of the third tooth pattern portion and the fourth tooth pattern portion on the cross-section of the second linkage gear are connected end to end to form a closed shape, so as to ensure that each of the linkage gears selectively engages with the two transmission gears but the two linkage gears cannot engage with the same transmission gear at the same time.

[0008] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, when the cylindrical gear portion of the first transmission gear is engaged with the first toothed portion of the first linkage gear and the cylindrical gear portion of the second transmission gear is engaged with the fourth toothed portion of the second linkage gear, the cylindrical gear portion of the first transmission gear is separated from the third toothed portion of the second linkage gear and the cylindrical gear portion of the second transmission gear is separated from the second toothed portion of the first linkage gear; when the cylindrical gear portion of the first transmission gear is engaged with the third toothed portion of the second linkage gear and the cylindrical gear portion of the second transmission gear is engaged with the second toothed portion of the first linkage gear, the cylindrical gear portion of the first transmission gear is separated from the first toothed portion of the first linkage gear and the cylindrical gear portion of the second transmission gear is separated from the fourth toothed portion of the second linkage gear; driven by the two transmission gears, the first linkage gear and the second linkage gear also rotate synchronously and in opposite directions.

[0009] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, there is also a left-right direction, which is perpendicular to the front-back direction and the up-down direction. The main printed circuit board includes a first main printed circuit board and a second main printed circuit board that are axially symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction. The brush includes a first brush rotatably arranged on the first main printed circuit board and a second brush rotatably arranged on the second main printed circuit board. The first brush and the second brush are also axially symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction.

[0010] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a lining plate, which includes a top surface and a bottom surface arranged opposite to each other, the first main printed circuit board, the second main printed circuit board, the first brush and the second brush are mounted and positioned on the top surface of the lining plate, and the drive gear, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, the first linkage gear and the second linkage gear are mounted and positioned on the bottom surface of the lining plate; a pair of through holes are provided on the lining plate, and the first linkage gear and the second linkage gear can respectively be positioned on the first main printed circuit board and the second main printed circuit board through one of the through holes.

[0011] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the main printed circuit board also includes a third main printed circuit board and a fourth main printed circuit board arranged on the top surface of the lining plate, and the brush also includes a third brush rotatably arranged on the third main printed circuit board and a fourth brush rotatably arranged on the fourth main printed circuit board. A first rack, a second rack, a third linkage gear and a fourth linkage gear are also provided on the bottom surface of the lining plate. The first rack and the second rack are provided with teeth on opposite sides. The first linkage gear and the third linkage gear are respectively engaged with opposite sides of the first rack to drive the third brush to rotate on the third main printed circuit board. The second linkage gear and the fourth linkage gear are respectively engaged with opposite sides of the second rack to drive the fourth brush to rotate on the fourth main printed circuit board.

[0012] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a pin shaft, two pin buckles and an independently arranged card gasket with an opening; the pin shaft is provided with a groove arranged around the shaft, the card gasket is inserted into the groove and is positioned against one of the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear; each of the pin buckles includes two positioning parts arranged side by side, the end of each positioning part forms a hook, and a boss is provided at the central axis of each linkage gear, and the hook is engaged with the boss to limit the position.

[0013] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a bearing and two rubber rings, the bearing is arranged between the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear, and the rubber ring is located at the position of the through hole and is clamped between each of the linkage gears and the corresponding main printed circuit board.

[0014] As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the main printed circuit board includes an upper surface and a lower surface arranged in opposite directions, and the upper surface is provided with a primary transmission line; the brush includes a brush printed circuit board and a pressure block; the brush printed circuit board includes a top surface and a bottom surface arranged in opposite directions, the bottom surface faces the upper surface and is provided with a secondary transmission line to form an electrical coupling between the primary transmission line and the secondary transmission line; the pressure block and the brush printed circuit board are fixed together, and in addition to including a main body located above the top surface, the pressure block also includes at least one of a buckling portion and an elastic portion; the buckling portion bends from one end of the main body and extends to the lower surface of the main printed circuit board to buckle; and / or the elastic portion elastically presses the brush printed circuit board against the upper surface of the main printed circuit board.

[0015] Compared to the prior art, the brush phase shifter of the present invention integrates a drive element, a main printed circuit board (PCB), and brushes through a gear assembly. The gear assembly includes a drive gear, a transmission gear meshing with the drive gear, and a linkage gear meshing with the transmission gear. Specifically, the meshing rotation of multiple gears achieves precise control of phase changes. Furthermore, the gear assembly includes a drive bevel gear, two transmission gears arranged above and below, and two linkage gears meshing with the transmission gear on the left and right sides, respectively. The linkage gears are fixed to the brush PCB. Therefore, a single drive bevel gear can drive the upper and lower transmission gears to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The synchronous counter-rotation of the left and right linkage gears then achieves synchronous and counter-rotating fan-shaped (a portion of a circle) motion of the two brushes on the corresponding two main PCBs. The present invention is applicable to dual-port antennas, precisely controlling synchronous phase changes while miniaturizing the antenna structure. Furthermore, the present invention adds a linked "gear and rack" design meshing with the linkage gear, enabling a single motor to simultaneously control the phase shifting of multiple brushes, making it suitable for antennas with more ports, thereby further miniaturizing the antenna structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 1 is a schematic three-dimensional assembly diagram of a first embodiment of a brush phase shifter according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A plan view of the

[0018] Figure 3yes Figure 1 Bottom view of the plane;

[0019] Figure 4 is a partially exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the brush phase shifter according to the present invention from another angle;

[0020] Figure 5 is with Figure 3 A similar bottom plan view of the remaining parts after removing the separated body box;

[0021] Figure 6 It is along Figure 5 Cross-sectional view along line AA;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional assembly of the drive element, gear assembly, and brushes in the first embodiment of the brush phase shifter according to the present invention. To clearly illustrate the combined relationship between the three, the two main printed circuit boards sandwiched between the gear assembly and the brushes, as well as the backing plates mounted on the two main printed circuit boards, are not shown.

[0023] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the driving member, the driving gear and the transmission gear in combination;

[0024] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional decomposition of

[0025] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A three-dimensional exploded diagram from another angle;

[0026] Figure 11 yes Figure 8 A plan view of the

[0027] Figure 12 It is along Figure 11 Cross-sectional view of the midline BB and inverted upside down;

[0028] Figure 13 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brush and linkage gear combination. Similarly, the lining plate and two main printed circuit boards are not shown;

[0029] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional decomposition of

[0030] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 A three-dimensional exploded diagram from another angle;

[0031] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A three-dimensional exploded diagram of the middle brush from another angle;

[0032] Figure 17 yes Figure 13 Bottom view of the plane;

[0033] Figure 18 It is along Figure 17 Cross-sectional view of the center CC line and inverted upside down;

[0034] Figure 19 It is along Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the mid-DD line;

[0035] Figure 20 yes Figure 19 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of

[0036] Figure 21 is a schematic three-dimensional assembly diagram of the brush phase shifter embodiment 1 of the present invention from another angle;

[0037] Figure 22 yes Figure 21 A partial exploded schematic diagram of

[0038] Figure 23 It will Figure 22 A further exploded schematic diagram of two main printed circuit boards and a backing board to which the two main printed circuit boards are mounted;

[0039] Figure 24 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the brush phase shifter of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 25 It is a bottom plan view of the second embodiment of the brush phase shifter of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 25 The present invention relates to a brush phase shifter 100, comprising a driving member 1, a gear assembly 2, a main printed circuit board 3 and a brush 4. For ease of explanation, the brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention defines Figure 1 The up-down direction, left-right direction and front-back direction shown in are perpendicular to each other. The driving member 1 includes but is not limited to a stepper motor, which can achieve precise control of the drive. Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7The gear assembly 2 includes a drive gear 21, a transmission gear 22, and a linkage gear 23. The drive gear 21 is a bevel gear. The transmission gear 22 includes a bevel gear portion 2201 and a cylindrical gear portion 2202. The bevel gear portion 2201 has a large end and a small end, and the cylindrical gear portion 2202 is integrally formed at the large end of the bevel gear portion 2201. The linkage gear 23 is a cylindrical gear. The drive gear 21 meshes with the bevel gear portion 2201 of the transmission gear 22, and the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the transmission gear 22 meshes with the linkage gear 23. The brush 4 is fixedly connected to the linkage gear 23 and is rotatably disposed on the main printed circuit board 3. The present invention controls the sector-shaped (part of a circle) movement of the brush 4 on the main printed circuit board 3 by driving and transmitting through a driving member 1 and a gear assembly 2 including multiple gears (a driving gear 21, a transmission gear 22, and a linkage gear 23). Compared with the linear transmission method of a lead screw, the meshing rotation between the multiple gears improves the transmission efficiency, enhances the transmission stability, and realizes precise control of phase changes.

[0042] Example 1 ( Figures 1 to 23 ):

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7 , the central axis of the driving gear 21 extends in the front-to-back direction. In embodiment 1, the transmission gear 22 includes a first transmission gear 221 and a second transmission gear 222. Since each of the transmission gears 22 includes a bevel gear portion 2201 and a cylindrical gear portion 2202, the first transmission gear 221 and the second transmission gear 222 have a total of two bevel gear portions 2201 and two cylindrical gear portions 2202. The two cylindrical gear portions 2202 are arranged at intervals in the up and down direction perpendicular to the front-to-back direction. The two bevel gear portions 2201 are arranged face to face between the two cylindrical gear portions 2202, so that the two bevel gear portions 2201 can engage with the driving gear 21 at the same time. Driven by the driving gear 21, the first transmission gear 221 and the second transmission gear 222 rotate synchronously and in opposite directions.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 15The linkage gear 23 includes a first linkage gear 231 and a second linkage gear 232. Each linkage gear 23 includes an outer wall surface with a circular cross-section. The outer wall surface of the first linkage gear 231 is provided with a first toothed portion 2301 and a second toothed portion 2302, which are vertically offset and distributed in parallel. The outer wall surface of the second linkage gear 232 is provided with a third toothed portion 2303 and a fourth toothed portion 2304, which are vertically offset and distributed in parallel. The projections of the first toothed portion 2301 and the second toothed portion 2302 on the cross-section of the first linkage gear 231 are connected end to end to form a closed shape. The projections of the third toothed portion 2303 and the fourth toothed portion 2304 on the cross-section of the second linkage gear 232 are connected end to end to form a closed shape. In other words, embodiment 1 ensures that each linkage gear 23 selectively meshes with two transmission gears 22, but the two linkage gears 23 cannot mesh with the same transmission gear 22 simultaneously.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 When the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the first transmission gear 221 is engaged with the first toothed portion 2301 of the first linkage gear 231 and the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the second transmission gear 222 is engaged with the fourth toothed portion 2304 of the second linkage gear 232, the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the first transmission gear 221 is separated from the third toothed portion 2303 of the second linkage gear 232 and the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the second transmission gear 222 is separated from the second toothed portion 2302 of the first linkage gear 231. When the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the first transmission gear 221 meshes with the third toothed portion 2303 of the second interlocking gear 232 and the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the second transmission gear 222 meshes with the second toothed portion 2302 of the first interlocking gear 231, the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the first transmission gear 221 separates from the first toothed portion 2301 of the first interlocking gear 231 and the cylindrical gear portion 2202 of the second transmission gear 222 separates from the fourth toothed portion 2304 of the second interlocking gear 232. Driven by the two transmission gears 22 (the first transmission gear 221 and the second transmission gear 222), the first interlocking gear 231 and the second interlocking gear 232 also rotate synchronously and in opposite directions.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 5 、 Figures 7 to 9, the driving gear 21 has a first central axis extending along the front-to-back direction; the transmission gear 22 has a second central axis, and the second central axis extends in the up-down direction perpendicular to the first central axis; the linkage gear 23 has a third central axis, and the third central axis extends in the up-down direction parallel to the second central axis. The driving member 1 of Example 1 drives the driving gear 21 to rotate around the first central axis, the transmission gear 22 rotates around the second central axis under the drive of the driving gear 21, and the linkage gear 23 rotates around the third central axis under the drive of the transmission gear 22. Specifically, the second central axis is the common axis of the first transmission gear 221 and the second transmission gear 222, and the third central axes are two parallel axes. The first transmission gear 221 and the second transmission gear 222 rotate synchronously and in opposite directions around the second central axis under the drive of the driving gear 21. The first linkage gear 231 rotates around one of the third central axes driven by the first transmission gear 221, and the second linkage gear 232 rotates around the other of the third central axes driven by the second transmission gear 222. Therefore, the first linkage gear 231 and the second linkage gear 232 also rotate synchronously and in opposite directions. For example: Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the case where the driving gear 21 rotates in the direction D1 around the first central axis, the first transmission gear 221 rotates in the direction D2 around the second central axis, and the second transmission gear 222 rotates in the direction D3 around the second central axis; Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the embodiment, since the first transmission gear 221 rotates in the direction D2 around the second center axis, the first linkage gear 231 rotates in the direction D4, and since the second transmission gear 222 rotates in the direction D3 around the second center axis, the second linkage gear 232 rotates in the direction D5.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 12 Since the first transmission gear 221 and the second transmission gear 222 are connected in reverse rotation, the brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention is further provided with a bearing 5 located between the first transmission gear 221 and the second transmission gear 222 for reducing friction; please refer to Figure 15 and Figure 18Because the linkage gear 23 also rotates relative to the main printed circuit board 3, the brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention further includes a rubber ring 13 positioned between the linkage gear 23 and the main printed circuit board 3. This rubber ring 13 utilizes its inherent elasticity to compensate for clearance, ensuring a tight fit between the main printed circuit board 3 and the brush printed circuit board 45 described below, ensuring effective coupling. Furthermore, the rubber ring 13 isolates the main printed circuit board 3 and the linkage gear 23, preventing rigid contact, reducing the contact surface, and minimizing rotational wear. Optionally, a single bearing 5 is provided; when two linkage gears 23 are provided, two rubber rings 13 are also provided.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 16 、 Figures 19 to 23 The main printed circuit board 3 includes an upper surface 301 and a lower surface 302 disposed opposite each other. The upper surface 301 is provided with a primary transmission line (unnumbered). The brush 4 includes a brush printed circuit board 45 and a pressure block 46. The brush printed circuit board 45 includes a top surface 451 and a bottom surface 452 disposed opposite each other. The bottom surface 452 faces the upper surface 301 and is provided with a secondary transmission line (unnumbered) to form an electrical coupling between the primary and secondary transmission lines. The pressure block 46 and the brush printed circuit board 45 are fixed together. In the first embodiment, the pressure block 46 includes a main body 461 located above the top surface 451, a snap-fit ​​portion 462, and an elastic portion 463. The snap-fit ​​portion 462 bends from one end of the main body 461 and extends to snap-fit ​​with the lower surface 302 of the main printed circuit board 3. The elastic portion 463 elastically presses the brush printed circuit board 45 against the upper surface 301 of the main printed circuit board 3. The snap-fit ​​portion 462 snaps the distal end of the pivoting end against the other side of the main PCB 3, ensuring that the brush 4 and the main PCB 3 are not easily separated during rotation. The elastic portion 463 provides a downward retaining force to the brush PCB 45, ensuring the stability of the electrical coupling between the secondary transmission circuit of the brush PCB 45 and the primary transmission circuit of the main PCB 3. It should be emphasized that the brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention can optionally include either the snap-fit ​​portion 462 or the elastic portion 463; that is, both the snap-fit ​​portion 462 and the elastic portion 463 are not required.

[0049] By physically (mechanically) rotating brush 4 above main printed circuit board 3, the location at which the subcomponents of the RF (Radio Frequency) signal are capacitively coupled back to main printed circuit board 3 can be changed. This, in turn, changes the length of the corresponding transmission path of each subcomponent of the RF signal from brush 4 to the associated radiating element. These changes in path length will result in a phase shift of the corresponding subcomponent of the RF signal. The operating principle of brush 4 described above is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be further described in detail in this disclosure.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 23 In the first embodiment of the brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention, the main printed circuit board 3 includes a first main printed circuit board 31 and a second main printed circuit board 32, arranged axially symmetrically in the left-right direction. The brushes 4 include a first brush 41 rotatably mounted on the first main printed circuit board 31 and a second brush 42 rotatably mounted on the second main printed circuit board 32. The first brush 41 and the second brush 42 are also axially symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction. With this arrangement, the brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention can ensure synchronous phase shifting to control phase shift accuracy.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 23 The brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention further includes a backing plate 7. The backing plate 7 includes a top surface 71 and a bottom surface 72 disposed opposite each other. The first main printed circuit board 31, the second main printed circuit board 32, the first brush 41, and the second brush 42 are mounted and positioned on the top surface 71 of the backing plate 7. The drive gear 21, the first transmission gear 221, the second transmission gear 222, the first linkage gear 231, and the second linkage gear 232 are mounted and positioned on the bottom surface 72 of the backing plate 7. Specifically, the backing plate 7 is provided with a pair of through-holes 70, through which the first linkage gear 231 and the second linkage gear 232 can respectively connect and position on the first main printed circuit board 31 and the second main printed circuit board 32. Corresponding to the pair of through-holes 70, each main printed circuit board 3 also has a hole 30. With this arrangement, the drive portion and the signal transmission portion of the brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention are located on opposite sides of the backing plate 7, preventing mutual interference.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 5 to 18It is particularly important to note that the present invention further includes a pin shaft 6, two pin buckles 8, and an independently provided card gasket 12 with an opening (unnumbered). The pin shaft 6 and the card gasket 12 are used together to position and connect the first transmission gear 221, the bearing 5, and the second transmission gear 222. Each of the pin buckles 8 is used to position and connect the main printed circuit board 3, the brush 4, and the linkage gear 23 to the lining plate 7 from the upper and lower sides. Specifically, the main printed circuit board 3 and the brush 4 are located above the lining plate 7, and the linkage gear 23 is located below the lining plate 7.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 7 to 12 The pin shaft 6 includes a base plate 61 and a positioning column 62 extending from the base plate 61. The positioning column 62 is provided with a groove 620 arranged around the shaft. After the pin shaft 6 passes through the first transmission gear 221, the bearing 5, and the second transmission gear 222 in sequence, the base plate 61 abuts against the first transmission gear 221, and the locking washer 12 is snapped into the groove 620 and abuts against the second transmission gear 222 for positioning. Of course, the pin shaft 6 can also be reversed by first passing through the second transmission gear 222 and then through the first transmission gear 221. In this case, the base plate 61 abuts against the second transmission gear 222, and the locking washer 12 is snapped into the groove 620 and abuts against the first transmission gear 221 for positioning.

[0054] Please refer to Figures 13 to 18 Each of the pin buckles 8 includes a base 81 and a pair of positioning portions 82 extending from the base 81. The positioning portions 82 include two spaced apart side by side, namely a first positioning portion 821 and a second positioning portion 822, with a gap 80 formed between them. A hook 820 is formed at the end of each positioning portion 82, and a boss 230 is provided on each of the linkage gears 23. After the pin buckle 8 passes through the first pivot hole 460 of the pressure block 46, the second pivot hole 450 of the brush printed circuit board 45, the through hole 70 of the lining plate 7, the hole 30 of the main printed circuit board 3, the annular cavity of the rubber ring 13 and the central axis of the linkage gear 23 in sequence, the base 81 rests on the pressure block 46, and the hook 820 engages with the boss 230 to limit the position and prevent separation. A connecting arm 4600 is disposed within the first pivot hole 460, with both ends connected to the main body 461. When the pin 8 passes through the first pivot hole 460 of the pressure block 46, the first positioning portion 821 and the second positioning portion 822 are located on either side of the connecting arm 4600. Therefore, the linkage gear 23 can drive the pressure block 46, thereby driving the brush printed circuit board 45.

[0055] The present invention also includes a control module (not shown) and at least two control lines (not shown). Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 23 The liner 7 is provided with an elongated slot 700. The driver 1 is housed within a housing 11, which is embedded within the elongated slot 700 to ensure stability. The driver 1, the drive gear 21, the first transmission gear 221, the second transmission gear 222, the first linkage gear 231, the second linkage gear 232, the first main printed circuit board 31, the second main printed circuit board 32, the first brush 41, and the second brush 42 are all mounted on the liner 7 to form an integrated whole. After integration, each brush phase shifter 100 can be electrically connected to the control module via a control line. This eliminates the need for traditional mechanical connections between the control module and the multiple brush phase shifters 100 it controls, significantly reducing occupied space and enabling a more flexible layout.

[0056] In the first embodiment of the present invention, a single driver 1 simultaneously controls two brushes 4 (one-to-two) to perform bilaterally symmetrical phase shifting, thereby ensuring synchronous phase shifting. The driver 1, gear assembly 2, main printed circuit board 3, and brushes 4 are integrated and mounted on a liner 7 to form the brush phase shifter 100 of the present invention. The control module and at least two integrated brush phase shifters 100 can be connected in a one-to-one correspondence via at least two control lines. The use of control lines significantly reduces space usage and provides a more flexible layout, offering significant advantages for multi-port and miniaturized independent electrically adjustable antennas. The integrated design reduces product cost and assembly difficulty, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0057] Example 2 ( Figure 24 and Figure 25) has the same main structure as that of the first embodiment, except that: the main printed circuit board 3 further includes a third main printed circuit board 33 and a fourth main printed circuit board 34 mounted on the backing plate 7; the brush 4 further includes a third brush 43 rotatably mounted on the third main printed circuit board 33 and a fourth brush 44 rotatably mounted on the fourth main printed circuit board 34; and the backing plate 7 is further provided with a first rack 91, a second rack 92, a third linkage gear 233, and a fourth linkage gear 234. The first rack 91 and the second rack 92 are each provided with teeth on opposite sides. The first linkage gear 231 and the third linkage gear 233 respectively mesh with opposite sides of the first rack 91 to drive the third brush 43 to rotate on the third main printed circuit board 33; the second linkage gear 232 and the fourth linkage gear 234 respectively mesh with opposite sides of the second rack 92 to drive the fourth brush 44 to rotate on the fourth main printed circuit board 34. Therefore, based on the first embodiment, the present invention adds a linked "gear and rack" design, allowing a single driver 1 to control multiple brushes 4. Specifically, the second embodiment of the present invention enables a single driver 1 to simultaneously control four brushes 4 (one-to-four) for phase shifting. Therefore, compared to the first embodiment, the second embodiment can be used for antennas with more ports, further reducing the space occupied.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. The understanding of this specification should be based on technical personnel in the relevant technical field. For example, the description of directions such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", and "down" has been described in detail in this specification with reference to the above embodiments. However, ordinary technical personnel in the field should understand that technical personnel in the relevant technical field can still modify or replace the present invention with equivalents, and all technical solutions and improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brush phase shifter, characterized in that: The invention comprises a driving member (1), a gear assembly (2), a main printed circuit board (3) and a brush (4); the gear assembly (2) comprises a driving gear (21), a transmission gear (22) and a linkage gear (23); the driving gear (21) is a bevel gear; the transmission gear (22) comprises a bevel gear portion (2201) and a column gear portion (2202); the bevel gear portion (2201) has a large end and a small end; the column gear portion (2202) is integrally formed at the large end of the bevel gear portion (2201); the linkage gear (23) is a column gear; the driving gear (21) meshes with the bevel gear portion (2201) of the transmission gear (22); and the column gear portion (2202) of the transmission gear (22) is engaged with the drive gear (21). 202) is meshed with the linkage gear (23); the brush (4) is fixedly connected to the linkage gear (23) and is rotatably arranged on the main printed circuit board (3); the transmission gear (22) includes a first transmission gear (221) and a second transmission gear (222); driven by the driving gear (21), the first transmission gear (221) and the second transmission gear (222) rotate synchronously and in opposite directions; the linkage gear (23) includes a first linkage gear (231) and a second linkage gear (232); each linkage gear (23) selectively meshes with two transmission gears (22), and the two linkage gears (23) cannot mesh with the same transmission gear (22) at the same time.

2. The brush phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that The central axis of the driving gear (21) extends in the front-to-back direction, and the first transmission gear (221) and the second transmission gear (222) have two bevel gear parts (2201) and two column gear parts (2202) in total. The two column gear parts (2202) are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction perpendicular to the front-to-back direction, and the two bevel gear parts (2201) are arranged face to face between the two column gear parts (2202). The two bevel gear parts (2201) are respectively engaged with the driving gear (21).

3. The brush phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the linkage gears (23) includes an outer wall surface with a circular cross section. The outer wall surface of the first linkage gear (231) is provided with a first toothed portion (2301) and a second toothed portion (2302) that are staggered up and down and distributed in parallel. The outer wall surface of the second linkage gear (232) is provided with a third toothed portion (2303) and a fourth toothed portion (2304) that are staggered up and down and distributed in parallel. The projections of the first toothed portion (2301) and the second toothed portion (2302) on the cross section of the first linkage gear (231) are connected end to end to form a closed shape. The projections of the third toothed portion (2303) and the fourth toothed portion (2304) on the cross section of the second linkage gear (232) are connected end to end to form a closed shape. The first linkage gear (231) and the second linkage gear (232) cannot mesh with the first transmission gear (221) at the same time, and the first linkage gear (231) and the second linkage gear (232) cannot mesh with the second transmission gear (222) at the same time.

4. The brush phase shifter according to claim 3, characterized in that When the cylindrical gear portion (2202) of the first transmission gear (221) is meshed with the first toothed portion (2301) of the first linkage gear (231) and the cylindrical gear portion (2202) of the second transmission gear (222) is meshed with the fourth toothed portion (2304) of the second linkage gear (232), the cylindrical gear portion (2202) of the first transmission gear (221) is separated from the third toothed portion (2303) of the second linkage gear (232) and the cylindrical gear portion (2202) of the second transmission gear (222) is separated from the second toothed portion (2302) of the first linkage gear (231); the cylindrical gear portion (2202) of the first transmission gear (221) is meshed with the first toothed portion (2301) of the first linkage gear (231). When the third toothed portion (2303) of the second linkage gear (232) is engaged and the cylindrical gear portion (2202) of the second transmission gear (222) is engaged with the second toothed portion (2302) of the first linkage gear (231), the cylindrical gear portion (2202) of the first transmission gear (221) is separated from the first toothed portion (2301) of the first linkage gear (231) and the cylindrical gear portion (2202) of the second transmission gear (222) is separated from the fourth toothed portion (2304) of the second linkage gear (232); driven by the two transmission gears (22), the first linkage gear (231) and the second linkage gear (232) also rotate synchronously and in opposite directions.

5. The brush phase shifter according to claim 3, characterized in that The invention also has a left-right direction, the left-right direction is perpendicular to the front-back direction and the up-down direction, the main printed circuit board (3) includes a first main printed circuit board (31) and a second main printed circuit board (32) which are arranged axially symmetrically in the left-right direction, the brush (4) includes a first brush (41) rotatably arranged on the first main printed circuit board (31) and a second brush (42) rotatably arranged on the second main printed circuit board (32), and the first brush (41) and the second brush (42) are also arranged axially symmetrically in the left-right direction.

6. The brush phase shifter according to claim 5, characterized in that The invention also includes a lining plate (7), wherein the lining plate (7) includes a top surface (71) and a bottom surface (72) arranged in opposite directions; the first main printed circuit board (31), the second main printed circuit board (32), the first brush (41) and the second brush (42) are mounted and positioned on the top surface (71) of the lining plate (7); the driving gear (21), the first transmission gear (221), the second transmission gear (222), the first linkage gear (231) and the second linkage gear (232) are mounted and positioned on the bottom surface (72) of the lining plate (7); and a pair of through holes (70) are provided on the lining plate (7); the first linkage gear (231) and the second linkage gear (232) can be positioned on the first main printed circuit board (31) and the second main printed circuit board (32) respectively through one of the through holes (70).

7. The brush phase shifter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main printed circuit board (3) further comprises a third main printed circuit board (33) and a fourth main printed circuit board (34) provided on the top surface (71) of the lining plate (7); the brush (4) further comprises a third brush (43) rotatably provided on the third main printed circuit board (33) and a fourth brush (44) rotatably provided on the fourth main printed circuit board (34); a first rack (91), a second rack (92), a third linkage gear (233) and a fourth linkage gear (234) are further provided on the bottom surface (72) of the lining plate (7); The first rack (91) and the second rack (92) are provided with tooth patterns on opposite sides. The first linkage gear (231) and the third linkage gear (233) are respectively engaged with opposite sides of the first rack (91) to drive the third brush (43) to rotate on the third main printed circuit board (33). The second linkage gear (232) and the fourth linkage gear (234) are respectively engaged with opposite sides of the second rack (92) to drive the fourth brush (44) to rotate on the fourth main printed circuit board (34).

8. The brush phase shifter according to claim 6, characterized in that It also includes a pin shaft (6), two pin buckles (8) and an independently provided card gasket (12) with an opening; The pin shaft (6) is provided with a groove (620) arranged around the shaft, and the clamping washer (12) is clamped into the groove (620) and is positioned against one of the first transmission gear (221) and the second transmission gear (222); Each of the pin buckles (8) comprises two positioning portions (82) spaced apart and arranged side by side, a hook (820) is formed at the end of each of the positioning portions (82), a boss (230) is provided at the central axis of each of the linkage gears (23), and the hook (820) is engaged with the boss (230) to limit the position.

9. The brush phase shifter according to claim 8, characterized in that It also includes a bearing (5) and two rubber rings (13), wherein the bearing (5) is arranged between the first transmission gear (221) and the second transmission gear (222), and the rubber ring (13) is located at the position of the through hole (70) and is clamped between each linkage gear (23) and the corresponding main printed circuit board (3).

10. The brush phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that The main printed circuit board (3) includes an upper surface (301) and a lower surface (302) disposed opposite to each other, and the upper surface (301) is provided with a primary transmission line; the brush (4) includes a brush printed circuit board (45) and a pressing block (46); the brush printed circuit board (45) includes a top surface (451) and a bottom surface (452) disposed opposite to each other, and the bottom surface (452) faces the upper surface (301) and is provided with a secondary transmission line to form an electrical coupling between the primary transmission line and the secondary transmission line; the pressing block (46) and the brush printed circuit board (45) are fixed together, and the pressing block (46) includes, in addition to a main body (461) located above the top surface (451), at least one of a buckling portion (462) and an elastic portion (463); The buckling portion (462) is bent and extended from one end of the main body portion (461) to the lower surface (302) of the main printed circuit board (3) for buckling; And / or, the elastic portion (463) elastically presses the brush printed circuit board (45) against the upper surface (301) of the main printed circuit board (3).

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