A thermal energy storage device for photothermal power generation

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal energy storage device for photothermal power generation, belonging to the technical field of photothermal power generation, comprising a shell with an opening, wherein a first cavity is arranged inside the shell, and a plurality of placement racks for placing energy storage blocks are arranged in the first cavity, wherein the placement racks are detachably arranged on a height moving mechanism, wherein the height moving mechanism contacts the bottom surface or the top surface of the placement rack, and can drive the placement rack to move up to a position higher than the first cavity or move down to its initial position in the first cavity, and a heat energy input device connected to the first cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the shell, and the placement rack is arranged in the first cavity and can extend out of the first cavity or move down back into the first cavity under the action of the height moving mechanism, and the energy storage block is placed on the placement rack, so that when the energy storage block needs to be replaced, the placement rack is moved out to facilitate the replacement of the failed energy storage block, and is moved back into the first cavity after the replacement, so that the thermal energy storage device continues to work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photothermal power generation, and in particular to a thermal energy storage device for photothermal power generation. Background Art

[0002] Solar thermal power generation refers to the use of large-scale array parabolic or dish-shaped mirrors to collect solar thermal energy, provide steam through a heat exchange device, and combine with the process of traditional steam turbine generators to achieve the purpose of power generation. Solar thermal power generation is one of the important projects in the utilization of solar energy. As long as the solar energy is collected, the working fluid is heated, and the steam turbine generator is driven, electricity can be generated. When performing solar thermal power generation, if the received solar thermal energy is too much and cannot be used for power generation or storage, the excess heat energy will be wasted. The invention patent with application number 201580075779.6 and the invention patent with application number 201580074605.8 record that an energy storage element is arranged in the shell, and an active heat transfer and storage medium is arranged in the volume between the energy storage element and the shell. The energy storage device also includes a device for transporting heat energy to the thermal energy storage device and a device for discharging heat energy from the thermal energy storage device. Although this application can realize the input, output and storage of heat energy, it is not convenient to replace an energy storage element in the energy storage device if it fails.

[0003] In summary, the prior art lacks a thermal energy storage device that can store thermal energy and facilitate replacement of failed energy storage elements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects and shortcomings in the prior art and provide a thermal energy storage device for solar thermal power generation. A placement rack is arranged in the first cavity of the shell, and the placement rack is detachably arranged on a height movement mechanism. When the height movement mechanism drives the placement rack to move up to the first cavity at a high place, the staff can conveniently take out the placement rack and replace the faulty energy storage block. After the replacement is completed, the placement rack is driven down to its initial position in the first cavity by the height movement mechanism, so that the thermal energy storage device continues to work, thereby improving the convenience of replacing the energy storage block.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention provides a thermal energy storage device for photothermal power generation, comprising a shell with an opening, a first cavity being provided inside the shell, a plurality of placement racks for placing energy storage blocks being provided in the first cavity, the placement racks being detachably provided on a height moving mechanism, the height moving mechanism being in contact with the bottom surface or the top surface of the placement rack and being able to drive the placement rack to move upward to a position higher than the first cavity or downward to its initial position in the first cavity, and a thermal energy input device communicating with the first cavity being provided on the outer wall of the shell;

[0007] A plurality of collecting slots are arranged around the outer wall of the shell, and a foldable high-temperature protection mechanism is arranged in the collecting slots;

[0008] The high temperature protection mechanism comprises an electric push rod, a movable push rod and a movable baffle, one end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the shell, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rod of the movable push rod, one end of the movable push rod is rotatably connected to the shell, and the other end is rotatably connected to the movable baffle, under the drive of the electric push rod, the movable push rod pushes the movable baffle to move in a direction away from the collecting slot, and the shell is also provided with a temperature controller electrically connected to the electric push rod;

[0009] Preferably, the height moving mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism located at the lower part of the placement rack and a pressing mechanism located at the upper part of the placement rack;

[0010] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a first slide groove arranged on the outer wall of the shell, a first slider slidably arranged in the first slide groove, and a first spring connecting the first slide groove and the first slider; in the radial direction of the shell, the length of the first slider is greater than the length of the first slide groove, and the placement rack is detachably arranged on the portion of the first slider protruding from the first slide groove;

[0011] Preferably, a frame cover is provided at the opening of the shell, and the pressing mechanism comprises a fixed top rod arranged on the inner wall of the frame cover and an extrusion ring plate located at the free end of the fixed top rod, and when the frame cover is closed on the shell, the extrusion ring plate contacts the top of the placement rack and drives the placement rack to move downward;

[0012] Preferably, the placement rack comprises a first fixing rod and a second fixing rod which are arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of layers of placement units which are arranged on the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod, wherein the plurality of layers of the placement units are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod, and the placement unit at the bottom end is detachably arranged on a portion where the first sliding block protrudes out of the first sliding groove, and when the frame cover is closed, the extrusion ring plate contacts the top end of the first fixing rod and / or the second fixing rod;

[0013] Preferably, the ends of the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod close to the extrusion ring plate are both provided with operating rings, and when the frame cover is closed, the operating rings are in contact with the extrusion ring plate;

[0014] Preferably, a second groove is provided on the top surface of the shell away from the opening, and an annular sealing airbag is provided in the second groove and is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the second groove after being inflated. A sealing extrusion ring is provided at a position of the frame cover corresponding to the inner ring of the sealing airbag, and the radial dimension of the sealing extrusion ring is not less than the diameter of the inner ring of the sealing airbag after being inflated.

[0015] Preferably, a heat output device and a discharge valve pipe are also provided on the outer wall of the shell, and the heat output device includes an input solenoid valve pipe and a pressure regulating solenoid valve. The interior of the shell is also provided with a second cavity located at the bottom of the placement rack for holding condensed water, and the discharge valve pipe is located at the lowest point of the shell and is connected to the second cavity.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention arranges the placement rack on the height moving mechanism, and drives the placement rack to move out of or into the first cavity through the height moving mechanism, so that when the energy storage block needs to be replaced, the placement rack is moved out of the first cavity, which is convenient for the staff to replace the failed energy storage block. After the replacement is completed, the placement rack is moved back into the first cavity through the height moving mechanism, so that the thermal energy storage device continues to work, thereby improving the convenience of replacing the energy storage block;

[0018] 2. The present invention improves the sealing effect of the shell by arranging a matching annular sealing airbag and a sealing extrusion ring at the contact position between the shell and the frame cover, thereby preventing energy leakage during use;

[0019] 3. The present invention provides a foldable high-temperature protection mechanism on the side wall of the shell. When the temperature is higher than the maximum temperature set by the temperature controller, the high-temperature protection mechanism unfolds to form a protection at a certain distance from the outer wall of the shell, thereby increasing the protection and safety of the thermal energy storage device during use and avoiding scalding of workers due to excessive shell temperature or adhesion of plastic objects to the outer wall of the shell and causing dirt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the thermal energy storage device;

[0022] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at D;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high temperature protection mechanism.

[0027] Among them, 1. shell; 2. opening; 3. first cavity; 4. energy storage block; 5. placement rack; 6. first slide groove; 7. first slider; 71. lifting protrusion; 8. first spring; 9. frame cover; 10. fixed push rod; 11. extrusion ring plate; 12. first fixed rod; 13. second fixed rod; 14. placement unit; 15. operating ring; 16. placement groove; 17. heat dissipation hole; 18. second groove; 19. annular sealing airbag; 20. sealing extrusion ring; 21. collecting notch; 22. electric push rod; 23. movable push rod; 24. movable baffle; 25. temperature controller; 26. discharge valve pipe; 27. input solenoid valve pipe; 28. pressure regulating solenoid valve; 29. ​​second cavity; 30. delivery solenoid valve pipe; 31. snap buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects and shortcomings in the prior art and provide a thermal energy storage device for solar thermal power generation. A placement rack is arranged in the first cavity of the shell, and the placement rack is detachably arranged on a height movement mechanism. When the height movement mechanism drives the placement rack to move up to the first cavity at a high place, the staff can conveniently take out the placement rack and replace the faulty energy storage block. After the replacement is completed, the placement rack is driven down to its initial position in the first cavity by the height movement mechanism, so that the thermal energy storage device continues to work, thereby improving the convenience of replacing the energy storage block.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a thermal energy storage device for photothermal power generation, including a shell 1, the top of the shell 1 is provided with an opening 2, a first cavity 3 is provided inside, and a plurality of placement racks 5 for placing energy storage blocks 4 are provided inside the first cavity 3. The shell 1 can be a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylinder, and its first cavity 3 corresponds to a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylinder. When the shell 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, since the longitudinal cross-sectional dimensions at various locations are the same, multiple rows of placement racks 5 of the same size can be arranged side by side in the first cavity 3. When the shell 1 is a cylinder, since the longitudinal cross-sectional dimensions at various locations are different, multiple placement racks 5 matching the longitudinal cross-sectional dimensions at various locations need to be arranged, and are arranged in the first cavity 3 at positions matching the longitudinal cross-sectional dimensions at various locations. In order to improve production efficiency, the present invention preferably has the shell 1 as a rectangular parallelepiped; the placement rack 5 is detachable. It is placed on the height moving mechanism, which contacts the bottom or top surface of the placement rack 5 and can drive the placement rack 5 to move up to a position higher than the first cavity 3 or move down to its initial position in the first cavity 3. The placement rack 5 is located in the initial position in the first cavity 3, that is, when the placement rack 5 is completely located in the first cavity 3, its setting position in the first cavity 3. A heat energy input device connected to the first cavity 3 is provided on the outer wall of the shell 1. The heat energy input device is a conveying solenoid valve tube 30. The conveying solenoid valve tube 30 is connected to an external electric heating mechanism at one end away from the shell 1. The material used for the energy storage block 4 has the characteristics of high thermal capacity and long-term storage of thermal energy, and can store thermal energy for a long time, such as stone, brick and ceramic, etc. The material of the energy storage block 4 can be selected according to specific needs.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the height moving mechanism includes a lifting mechanism located at the lower part of the placement frame 5 and a pressing mechanism located at the upper part of the placement frame 5. The lifting mechanism includes a first slide groove 6 arranged on the outer wall of the shell 1, a first slider 7 slidably arranged in the first slide groove 6, and a first spring 8 connecting the first slide groove 6 and the first slider 7. The compression direction of the first spring 8 is parallel to the height direction of the shell 1. The material of the first spring 8 is spring steel. The elasticity and service life of the first spring 8 are increased by using spring steel material. In the radial direction of the shell 1, the length of the first slider 7 is greater than the length of the first slide groove 6. For the convenience of description, The portion of the first sliding block 7 that radially protrudes from the first sliding groove 6 is called a lifting protrusion 71, and the placement rack 5 is detachably arranged on the lifting protrusion 71. When the placement rack 5 is completely located in the first cavity 3, the pressing mechanism applies an extrusion force to the top of the placement rack 5, and the first spring 8 is in an extended state. When the placement rack 5 needs to be taken out, the pressing mechanism does not apply an extrusion force to the top of the placement rack 5, and the top of the placement rack 5 is in a free state. At this time, under the elastic force of the first spring 8, the top of the placement rack 5 is ejected from the first cavity 3, which makes it convenient for the staff to take out the placement rack 5 and replace the faulty energy storage block 4.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a frame cover 9 is provided at the opening of the shell 1, and the pressing mechanism includes a fixed top rod 10 arranged on the inner wall of the frame cover 9 and an extrusion ring plate 11 located at the free end of the fixed top rod 10. The fixed top rod 10 and the extrusion ring plate 11 are located near the side wall of the shell 1, and they are just above the highest point of the placement rack 5. When the frame cover 9 is closed on the shell 1, the fixed top rod 10 applies a downward driving force to the placement rack 5 through the extrusion ring plate 11, and presses the placement rack 5 back into the first cavity 3. When the frame cover 9 is removed, the downward driving force applied to the top of the placement rack 5 disappears, and the placement rack 5 pops out under the elastic force of the first spring 8. The first cavity 3 is convenient for the staff to take out the placement rack 5 and replace the faulty energy storage block 4; the fixed top rod 10 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the frame cover 9, and its fixed connection method can be one of bonding, threaded connection, clamping, etc. The extrusion ring plate 11 is an annular structure, which is connected to the fixed top rod 10 by interference fit. The material of the extrusion ring plate 11 is one of high temperature and high pressure resistant plastics or rubbers to reduce the bumps caused by the contact between the extrusion ring plate 11 and the placement rack 5; the outer wall of the frame cover 9 in contact with the shell 1 is provided with a latch buckle 31, and the frame cover 9 is fixed to the shell 1 by the latch buckle 31.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the placement rack 5 includes a first fixing rod 12, a second fixing rod 13 and a plurality of layers of placement units 14 arranged on the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13. The plurality of layers of placement units 14 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13. The placement unit 14 located at the bottom end is detachably arranged on the top protrusion 71. The frame cover 9 is provided with a fixed top rod 10 and an extrusion ring plate 11 at positions corresponding to the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13. In order to increase the contact area between the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13, an operating ring 15 is provided at one end of the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13 close to the extrusion ring plate 11. When the frame cover 9 is closed on the shell 1, the extrusion ring plate 11 is in direct contact with the operating ring 15. The placement unit 14 is provided with a plurality of placement grooves 16 for placing the energy storage block 4. The energy storage block 4 is directly placed in the placement groove 1 6, a through heat dissipation hole 17 is provided in the placement groove 16, and the diameter of the heat dissipation hole 17 is smaller than the length L1 of the placement groove 16, wherein a plurality of placement grooves 16 can be arranged at intervals on a long strip of plate-like structure, or a plurality of small plate-like structures can be spliced ​​at a certain distance to form a plurality of placement grooves 16. When the latter is adopted, a high-strength steel bar can be arranged between the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13, and then a plurality of small plate-like structures can be placed on the steel bar; the connection method between the placement unit 14 and the top protrusion 71 can be to place the plate-like structure of the placement unit 14 directly on the top protrusion 71, or to set a second slide groove parallel to the height direction of the shell 1 on the top protrusion 71, and the plate-like structure of the placement unit 14 can be slidably arranged in the second slide groove. In order to facilitate the overall removal of the placement rack 5, the second slide groove is set as a through groove here;After the placement unit 14 is arranged on the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13, its axial position is fixed and will not change. Specifically, the first through hole and the second through hole can be opened on the plate-like structure at both ends of the placement unit 14 that are in contact with the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13 respectively. For the convenience of processing and manufacturing, the diameters of the first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13 in the present invention are the same, and the corresponding sizes of the first through hole and the second through hole are also the same. For the convenience of description, the first fixing rod 12 and the first through hole matched therewith are described as an example below. The second fixing rod 13 and the second through hole matched therewith have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged on the first fixing rod 12. Two limiting protrusions, before the placement unit 14 is sleeved, a limiting ring is sleeved on the first fixing rod 12, and the single-side distance between the limiting protrusion and the axis of the first fixing rod 12 is set to be smaller than the radius of the through hole on the plate-like structure, the inner diameter of the limiting ring is the same as the diameter of the first fixing rod 12, and the outer diameter is larger than the distance between the two limiting protrusions, so that the placement unit 14 located in the lower layer can pass through the limiting protrusion and be smoothly sleeved on the first fixing rod 12, while the limiting ring is clamped on the limiting protrusion and supports the placement unit 14 located thereon, so as to prevent the axial position of each layer of placement unit 14 on the first fixing rod 12 from changing, squeezing the energy storage block 4, and causing damage to the energy storage block 4. ;

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, a second groove 18 is provided on the top surface of the shell 1 away from the opening, and an annular sealing airbag 19 is provided in the second groove 18, which is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the second groove 18 after inflation. A sealing extrusion ring 20 is provided at a position corresponding to the inner ring of the frame cover 9 and the annular sealing airbag 19. The radial dimension of the sealing extrusion ring 20 is not less than the diameter of the inner ring of the annular sealing airbag 19 after inflation, so that the sealing extrusion ring 20 is in close contact with the inflated annular sealing airbag 19 to play a sealing role. In the present invention, the above-mentioned sealing structure is preferably provided at the position where each side wall of the shell 1 contacts the frame cover 9 to improve the sealing effect of the shell 1 and prevent energy leakage during use. The annular sealing airbag 19 is made of synthetic silicone material, so that the strength and life of the annular sealing airbag 19 during use are increased by the silicone material.

[0037] like Figure 6As shown, a collecting slot 21 is arranged around the outer wall of the shell 1, and a foldable high-temperature protection mechanism is arranged in the collecting slot 21. The high-temperature protection mechanism includes an electric push rod 22, a movable push rod 23 and a movable baffle 24. One end of the electric push rod 22 is rotatably connected to the shell 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rod of the movable push rod 23. One end of the movable push rod 23 is rotatably connected to the shell 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the movable baffle 24. The shell 1 is also provided with a temperature controller 25 electrically connected to the electric push rod 22. When the temperature monitored by the temperature controller 25 exceeds the maximum temperature set by the temperature controller 25, the temperature controller 25 controls the electric push rod 22 to turn on the temperature controller 25. The movable push rod 22 extends, and under the push of the electric push rod 22, the movable push rod 23 drives the movable baffle 24 to move away from the shell 1 until the movable push rod 23 is perpendicular to the side wall of the shell 1. At this time, the movable baffle 24 moves to the farthest distance from the outer wall of the shell 1. The present invention preferably provides the above-mentioned high-temperature protection mechanism on each side wall of the shell 1, so that protection is provided on all sides of the shell 1, thereby increasing the protection and safety of the thermal energy storage device during use, and avoiding scalding of the staff due to the excessive temperature of the shell 1 or adhesion of plastic objects, causing them to adhere to the outer wall of the shell 1 and cause dirt.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a heat output device and a discharge valve pipe 26 are also provided on the outer wall of the shell 1. The heat output device includes an input solenoid valve pipe 27 and a pressure regulating solenoid valve 28, the upper ends of which are connected to the external liquid storage mechanism. A connecting pipe is provided at the upper end of the pressure regulating solenoid valve 28. The interior of the shell 1 is also provided with a second cavity 29 located at the lower part of the placement unit 14 at the bottom end and used to hold condensed water. The bottom end of the second cavity 29 is an inverted hopper structure. The discharge valve pipe 26 is located at the bottom of the shell 1 and is connected to the second cavity 29 for discharging condensed water in the shell 1.

[0039] The working principle of heat storage and output: when storing heat, start the delivery solenoid valve tube 30 to deliver heat energy to the inside of the shell 1. When the heat energy inside the shell 1 increases, the heat heats the energy storage block 4 placed on the upper end of the placement rack 5, and the heat is stored in the energy storage block 4 for a long time. When the stored heat energy is needed to generate electricity, start the input solenoid valve tube 27 to deliver external liquid water to the inside of the shell 1. When the liquid water contacts the outside of the energy storage block 4, the energy storage block 4 emits a large amount of hot steam, and the hot steam is delivered to the outside through the pressure regulating solenoid valve 28, thereby driving the power generation mechanism to generate electricity.

[0040] The working principle of replacing the placement rack 5 is as follows: after placing the placement rack 5 inside the shell 1, the frame cover 9 is installed on the upper end of the shell 1, and the frame cover 9 is fixed to the shell 1 by the latch buckle 31. At this time, the fixed top rod 10 drives the extrusion ring plate 11 to move downward, so that the bottom end of the extrusion ring plate 11 contacts and squeezes the upper end of the operating ring 15, drives the placement rack 5 to move downward, and drives the first slider 7 to move toward the lower end of the first slide groove 6, stretching the first spring 8. When it is necessary to replace the energy storage block 4 placed on the placement rack 5, directly press the latch buckle 31 to remove the frame cover 9, so that the placement rack 5 loses its restraining force, and the first slider 7 is driven to move upward by the first spring 8 in a stretched state, thereby driving the placement rack 5 to move upward until the top of the placement rack 5 extends out of the first cavity 3. At this time, the placement rack 5 can be easily taken out and the faulty energy storage block 4 can be replaced.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] The lifting mechanism and the pressing mechanism in the present invention can also be an electric push rod. When the electric push rod is used as a lifting mechanism, it is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the second cavity 29. Its setting position is such that when the electric push rod is extended, the push rod contacts the plate-like structure at the bottom end of the placement rack 5, and when the electric push rod is extended to the limit state, it can push the placement rack 5 partially out of the first cavity 3. In order to improve its service life, the present invention uses an electric push rod with a high waterproof level; when the electric push rod is used as a pressing mechanism, it is fixedly arranged on the frame cover 9, and its setting position is the same as the first cavity 3. The first fixing rod 12 and the second fixing rod 13 are arranged at opposite positions. When the placement rack 5 is taken out, the electric push rod contracts to cancel the restraining force applied to the placement rack 5. When the placement rack 5 is put back into the first cavity 3, the electric push rod extends to apply a downward driving force to the placement rack 5. In addition, a control switch electrically connected to the electric push rod is required to be provided on the shell 1, which is used to control the extension or shortening of the electric push rod according to demand, so as to realize the placement rack 5 being pushed out of the first cavity 3 or pressed down into the first cavity 3. The remaining structure is the same as that of the first embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0043] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A thermal energy storage device for solar thermal power generation, characterized in that: It comprises a shell with an opening, wherein a first cavity is provided inside the shell, wherein a plurality of placement racks for placing energy storage blocks are provided in the first cavity, wherein the placement racks are detachably arranged on a height moving mechanism, wherein the height moving mechanism contacts the bottom surface or the top surface of the placement racks and can drive the placement racks to move upward to a position higher than the first cavity or downward to an initial position thereof in the first cavity, and wherein a heat energy input device communicating with the first cavity is provided on an outer wall of the shell; The height moving mechanism includes a lifting mechanism located at the lower part of the placing rack and a pressing mechanism located at the upper part of the placing rack; The lifting mechanism comprises a first slide groove arranged on the outer wall of the shell, a first slider slidably arranged in the first slide groove, and a first spring connecting the first slide groove and the first slider. In the radial direction of the shell, the length of the first slider is greater than the length of the first slide groove, and the placement rack is detachably arranged on the part of the first slider protruding from the first slide groove; A frame cover is provided at the opening of the shell, and the pressing mechanism includes a fixed top rod arranged on the inner wall of the frame cover and an extrusion ring plate located at the free end of the fixed top rod. When the frame cover is closed on the shell, the extrusion ring plate contacts the top of the placement rack and drives the placement rack to move downward; The placement rack includes a first fixed rod and a second fixed rod that are relatively arranged, and a plurality of layers of placement units arranged on the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod. The plurality of layers of the placement units are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod. The placement unit located at the bottom end is detachably arranged on the portion where the first sliding block protrudes from the first sliding groove. When the frame cover is closed, the extrusion ring plate contacts the top end of the first fixed rod and / or the second fixed rod.

2. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod close to the extrusion ring plate are both provided with operating rings. When the frame cover is closed, the operating rings are in contact with the extrusion ring plate.

3. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second groove is provided on the top surface of the shell away from the opening, and an annular sealing airbag is provided in the second groove, which is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the second groove after inflation. A sealing extrusion ring is provided at a position of the frame cover corresponding to the inner ring of the sealing airbag, and the radial dimension of the sealing extrusion ring is not less than the diameter of the inner ring of the sealing airbag after inflation.

4. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of collecting slots are arranged around the outer wall of the shell, and a foldable high-temperature protection mechanism is arranged in the collecting slots.

5. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high temperature protection mechanism includes an electric push rod, a movable push rod and a movable baffle. One end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the shell, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rod of the movable push rod. One end of the movable push rod is rotatably connected to the shell, and the other end is rotatably connected to the movable baffle. Under the drive of the electric push rod, the movable push rod pushes the movable baffle to move in a direction away from the collecting slot. A temperature controller electrically connected to the electric push rod is also provided on the shell.

6. The thermal energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat output device and a discharge valve pipe are also provided on the outer wall of the shell. The heat output device includes an input solenoid valve pipe and a pressure regulating solenoid valve. The interior of the shell is also provided with a second cavity located at the bottom of the placement rack for holding condensed water. The discharge valve pipe is located at the lowest point of the shell and is connected to the second cavity.

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