A device for measuring a tritium adsorption coefficient

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of measurement device of tritium adsorption coefficient, including experimental cavity, with the adsorption cavity and absorption device being connected with experimental cavity, and with the exhaust cavity being connected with adsorption cavity, with tritium-containing solution temporary storage tank being connected with absorption device, monitoring instrument is arranged between the experimental cavity, adsorption cavity and exhaust cavity, valve is arranged between each connecting component.The present application indirectly calculates the adsorption coefficient of unit volume, unit surface area experimental cavity in the material to be measured under different temperature, tritium concentration conditions by weighing the weight change of silica gel and other adsorption materials in adsorption cavity.It has practical significance for studying the adsorption coefficient of material itself, the anti-tritium penetration effect of surface coating material.The experimental device can be widely used to measure the adsorption coefficient of tritiated water, organic tritium in material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radiation protection, and specifically relates to a device for measuring the tritium adsorption coefficient. Background Technology

[0002] Tritium, also known as superheavy hydrogen, is an isotope of hydrogen, with the element symbol T or 3H. Its atomic nucleus consists of one proton and two neutrons, and it is radioactive, undergoing beta decay with a half-life of 12.43 years and an atomic weight of 3.016u. Tritium exists in extremely small amounts in nature and is usually produced from nuclear reactions, primarily used in thermonuclear reactions. Tritium contamination has three main characteristics: ① Rapid isotopic exchange: Tritium has a strong affinity and adsorption capacity, varying depending on the material. ② Strong penetrability: Tritium can not only adsorb onto materials it comes into contact with but also penetrate into them. ③ "Transferability": Surfaces severely contaminated with tritium will become contaminated again shortly after cleaning. Tritium, once released into the air, diffuses rapidly and adsorbs quickly into the pores of building surfaces, causing radiation damage to steel reinforcement and other structural components. Therefore, a device is needed that can quantify the adsorption coefficients of tritized water and organic tritium per unit volume and surface area in porous materials such as concrete, under different concentrations. This device can also be used to measure the tritium penetration prevention effect of surface coatings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device for measuring the tritium adsorption coefficient. This device can conveniently, quickly, and accurately measure the tritium adsorption coefficient in materials such as tritized water and organic tritium.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A device for measuring the tritium adsorption coefficient includes an experimental chamber, an adsorption chamber and an absorption device connected to the experimental chamber, a tail gas chamber connected to the adsorption chamber, and a temporary storage tank for a tritium-containing solution connected to the absorption device. Monitoring instruments are installed between the experimental chamber, the adsorption chamber and the tail gas chamber, and valves are installed between each connecting component.

[0006] Furthermore, the experimental chamber is used to place the test material in a tritium concentration environment that meets the experimental requirements. The experimental chamber is equipped with a temperature control device to adjust the ambient temperature during the sample test and to heat the test material, thereby discharging tritized water and organic tritium into the adsorption chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the absorption device is used to remove excess tritium-containing test gas. The absorption device is used in conjunction with the experimental chamber to prepare a tritium concentration environment that meets the experimental requirements.

[0008] Furthermore, the adsorption chamber is filled and sealed with tritium adsorption material to absorb the tritium adsorbed by the material in the adsorption chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the exhaust gas chamber is filled with tritium adsorption material to remove tritium from the exhaust gas.

[0010] Furthermore, the tritium-containing solution temporary storage tank uses materials such as tritium-containing water and tritium-containing organic matter of a certain concentration to generate a tritium-containing test gas of a certain concentration.

[0011] Furthermore, the tritium adsorption material is silica gel or polyacrylamide.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring instruments include pressure measuring instruments, flow measuring instruments, and humidity measuring instruments.

[0013] The advantage of this invention is that the device described in this invention can be used to conveniently, quickly and accurately measure the tritium adsorption coefficient in materials such as tritized water and organic tritium. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a tritium adsorption coefficient measuring device according to the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram, P represents a pressure measuring instrument, F represents a flow measuring instrument, and H represents a humidity measuring instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for measuring the tritium adsorption coefficient includes an experimental chamber, an adsorption chamber and an absorption device connected to the experimental chamber, a tail gas chamber connected to the adsorption chamber, and a tritium-containing solution temporary storage tank connected to the absorption device. Monitoring instruments are installed between the experimental chamber, the adsorption chamber, and the tail gas chamber, and valves are installed between each connecting component.

[0018] The experimental chamber is used to place the test material in a tritium concentration environment that meets the experimental requirements. The experimental chamber is equipped with a temperature control device to regulate the ambient temperature during sample testing and to heat the test material, while tritized water and organic tritium are discharged into the adsorption chamber.

[0019] The absorption device is used to remove excess tritium-containing test gas. The absorption device is used in conjunction with the experimental chamber to prepare a tritium concentration environment that meets the experimental requirements.

[0020] The adsorption chamber is filled and sealed with adsorption materials such as silica gel to absorb tritium adsorbed by the materials in the adsorption chamber.

[0021] The exhaust gas chamber is filled with adsorbent materials such as silica gel to remove tritium from the exhaust gas.

[0022] The aforementioned tritium-containing solution temporary storage tank uses 10 6 Bq / m 3 ~10 12 Bq / m 3 Materials containing tritium-containing water, tritium-containing organic matter, etc. Used to generate 10 4 Bq / m 3 ~10 10 Bq / m 3 The tritium-containing test gas.

[0023] The innovation of this invention lies in the fact that the temperature of the test material is adjusted by a temperature control device, the concentration of tritium gas in the test is adjusted by a tritium-containing solution storage tank, and the mass of tritium adsorbed by the gas in tritized water or organic tritium solution after passing through the sample can be measured in real time and accurately. Then, the adsorption coefficient of the test material can be calculated based on the weight change of the adsorption chamber before and after the experiment.

[0024] Application examples of this invention:

[0025] The measurement method of the tritium adsorption coefficient measuring device of the present invention is as follows:

[0026] Before the experiment, the sealing of the apparatus should be checked first. The operating pressure is 10. 5 Helium leak detection was performed to ensure that the internal pressure change of the test apparatus was ≤2% for 24 hours.

[0027] The metering chamber of this experimental apparatus is filled with adsorbent materials such as silica gel or polyacrylamide. The adsorption coefficient is determined by measuring the change in weight within the metering chamber and using the following adsorption coefficient formula.

[0028] This device measures the change in weight of the test material before and after adsorption using a gravimetric method, and then calculates the diffusion coefficient of the sample. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0029] Adsorption coefficient = Weight change of silica gel in the adsorption chamber after adsorption to weight of the test material in the experimental chamber before adsorption

[0030] Test method:

[0031] (1) First, close valve 1 and open valves 2, 3, 4 and 5. Air is introduced into the tritium solution storage tank. The concentration of tritium in the absorption device is measured to ensure that the measurement requirements are met.

[0032] (2) Then close valves 2, 3 and 4, keep valve 1 closed and valve 5 open, turn on the heating device of the experimental chamber to ensure that the experimental chamber maintains the temperature required for the test;

[0033] (3) After the tritium-containing gas is introduced into the experimental chamber for a certain period of time, valves 5 and 8 are closed, and valves 1, 6 and 7 are opened in sequence. Valve 2, 3 and 4 are kept closed. The heating device of the experimental chamber is turned on to ensure that the tritium gas in the experimental chamber is discharged into the adsorption chamber as much as possible.

[0034] (4) Measure the weight of the silica gel in the adsorption chamber before and after the test, and calculate the weight difference, which is the weight difference of the adsorption material before and after adsorption. Calculate the adsorption coefficient of the material to be tested according to the adsorption coefficient calculation formula.

[0035] (5) Open valve 8, keep valves 1, 6 and 7 open, keep valves 2, 3, 4 and 5 closed, turn on the heating device of the experimental chamber, and exhaust all exhaust gas.

[0036] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the device described in this invention can conveniently, quickly, and accurately measure the tritium adsorption coefficient in materials such as tritized water and organic tritium.

[0037] The device described in this invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation. Other implementation methods derived by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of this invention also fall within the scope of technical innovation of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the tritium adsorption coefficient, characterized in that: The device includes an experimental chamber, an adsorption chamber and an absorption device connected to the experimental chamber, a tail gas chamber connected to the adsorption chamber, and a tritium-containing solution storage tank connected to the absorption device. Monitoring instruments are installed between the experimental chamber, the adsorption chamber and the tail gas chamber, and valves are installed between each connecting component. The aforementioned tritium-containing solution temporary storage tank uses 10 6 Bq / m 3 ~10 12 Bq / m 3 Tritium-containing water or tritium-containing organic materials are used to generate 10 4 Bq / m 3 ~10 10 Bq / m 3 Tritium-containing test gas; The adsorption chamber is filled and sealed with tritium adsorption material to absorb the tritium adsorbed in the adsorption chamber; The tritium adsorption material is silica gel or polyacrylamide; Before the experiment, the sealing of the apparatus should be checked first, and the pressure used should be 10. 5 Helium leak detection was performed to ensure that the internal pressure change of the test apparatus was ≤2% over 24 hours.

2. The device for measuring the tritium adsorption coefficient as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental chamber is used to place the test material in a tritium concentration environment that meets the experimental requirements. The experimental chamber is equipped with a temperature control device to adjust the ambient temperature during the sample test and to heat the test material, and to discharge tritized water or organic tritium into the adsorption chamber.

3. The device for measuring the tritium adsorption coefficient as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The absorption device is used to remove excess tritium-containing test gas. The absorption device is used in conjunction with the experimental chamber to prepare a tritium concentration environment that meets the experimental requirements.

4. The device for measuring the tritium adsorption coefficient as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas chamber is filled with tritium adsorption material to remove tritium from the exhaust gas.

5. A measuring device for tritium adsorption coefficient as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The monitoring instruments include pressure measuring instruments, flow measuring instruments, and humidity measuring instruments.

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