In-phase and quadrature mismatch estimation pilot signaling

Abstract

Methods, systems, and apparatus for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive pilot signaling associated with an in-phase and quadrature (IQ) mismatch estimate for a set of antennas of a base station. The UE may measure pilot signals for each antenna in the set of antennas based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the set of antennas of the base station based on the measured pilot signals. The base station may receive a report from the UE including an indication of the IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the set of antennas of the base station based on the pilot signals.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. patent application No. 17 / 232,039, filed by PICK et al. on April 15, 2021, entitled “INPHASE AND QUADRATURE MISMATCH ESTIMATION PILOT SIGNALING,” and U.S. provisional patent application No. 63 / 012,022, filed by PICK et al. on April 17, 2020, entitled “INPHASE AND QUADRATURE MISMATCH ESTIMATION PILOT SIGNALING,” each of which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth below and for all applicable purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The following relates generally to wireless communications and, more particularly, to in-phase and quadrature (IQ) mismatch estimation pilot signaling. User equipment (UE) supporting IQ mismatch estimation can experience reduced power consumption by improving reliability and reducing latency of wireless communications, as described herein. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, Advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems), and fifth-generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ various technologies, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM).

[0005] In some wireless communication systems, a base station may experience in-phase and quadrature (IQ) mismatch in downlink transmissions. For example, a receiver at a UE that receives a downlink message from a base station may interpret the received radio frequency (RF) signal in order to decode the information indicated by the RF signal. However, based on how the receive chain at the UE handles the RF signal (e.g., the IQ signal path), the reception process may suffer from IQ mismatch. This IQ mismatch may set a noise floor for the downlink message at the receiving UE. For example, for messages with relatively high modulation and coding scheme (MCS) values, messages transmitted using multiple spatial streams, or both, such a noise floor may negatively impact reception reliability at the UE.

[0006] Overview

[0007] Various aspects of the described techniques involve configuring a communication device, which may also be referred to as a user equipment (UE), a base station (e.g., a Node B or a Gigabit Node B (either of which may be referred to as a gNB)), and / or other communication devices to support in-phase and quadrature-phase (IQ) mismatch estimation. For example, multiple UEs may be configured to receive pilot signaling associated with IQ mismatch estimates for a set of antennas (also referred to as transmit antennas or receive antennas, or transmit / receive antennas) of a base station. The UE may measure a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. The pilot signal pattern may extend across a bandwidth for each UE. In some examples, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetric across the bandwidth allocation. The UE may calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on measuring the pilot signals, and transmit a report including an indication of the IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station. The base station may receive the report including the IQ mismatch estimate and perform IQ mismatch correction. In this way, the base station and the UE may support higher IQ mismatch correction accuracy in a wireless communication system experiencing IQ mismatch.

[0008] A method of wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include receiving pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of transmit antennas of a base station; measuring a pilot signal for each transmit antenna in the set based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and calculating an IQ mismatch estimate for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas of the base station based on the measured pilot signals.

[0009] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of transmit antennas of a base station; measure a pilot signal for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas based on a pilot signal pattern in the pilot signaling; and calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas of the base station based on the measured pilot signals.

[0010] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include means for receiving pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of transmit antennas of a base station; measuring a pilot signal for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and calculating an IQ mismatch estimate for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas of the base station based on the measured pilot signals.

[0011] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of transmit antennas of a base station; measure a pilot signal for each transmit antenna in the set based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas of the base station based on the measured pilot signals.

[0012] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas for the base station.

[0013] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for the following actions: receiving configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each transmit antenna in the transmit antenna set of the base station.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern extends across a bandwidth for the UE.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern can be symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0019] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimate for each transmit antenna in the transmit antenna set of the base station based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling.

[0020] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for the following actions: determining a channel estimate for each transmit antenna in the transmit antenna set of the base station based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling, and wherein calculating an IQ mismatch estimate for each transmit antenna in the transmit antenna set of the base station may be based on the channel estimate.

[0021] A method of wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include determining a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling of IQ mismatch estimation for a set of transmit antennas of the base station; transmitting a pilot signal for each transmit antenna in the transmit antenna set based on the pilot signal pattern; and receiving a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimation for each transmit antenna in the transmit antenna set of the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0022] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: determine a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling for IQ mismatch estimation for a set of transmit antennas of the apparatus; transmit a pilot signal for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas based on the pilot signaling pattern; and receive a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas of the apparatus based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0023] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include means for determining a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling of an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of transmit antennas of the apparatus; transmitting a pilot signal for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas based on the pilot signal pattern; and receiving a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas of the apparatus based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0024] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: determine a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling of IQ mismatch estimation for a set of transmit antennas of the base station; transmit a pilot signal for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas based on the pilot signaling pilot signal pattern; and receive a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimation for each transmit antenna in the set of transmit antennas of the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern may be based on a number of transmit antennas of the base station.

[0026] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each transmit antenna in the transmit antenna set of the base station.

[0027] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining the period associated with the pilot signaling based on the number of antennas in the transmit antenna set, the number of transmit antennas associated with the pilot signals per symbol, the number of symbols between symbols conveying the pilot signals, a symbol offset value relative to a starting symbol, or a combination thereof.

[0029] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern extends across a bandwidth for the receiving UE.

[0030] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

[0031] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern can be symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

[0032] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0033] A method of wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include receiving pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of antennas for a base station, and transmitting a report including an indication of the IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the set of antennas for the base station.

[0034] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor configured to: receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for an antenna set of a base station; and transmit a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station.

[0035] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of antennas for a base station; and means for transmitting a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the set of antennas for the base station.

[0036] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for an antenna set of a base station; and transmit a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station.

[0037] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for: measuring a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and calculating an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on measuring the pilot signals.

[0038] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for the following actions: receiving configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0040] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern extends across a bandwidth for the UE.

[0041] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

[0042] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern can be symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

[0043] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0044] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling.

[0045] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for the following actions: determining a channel estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling, wherein calculating an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station may be based on the channel estimate.

[0046] A method of wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include transmitting a pilot signal for each antenna in an antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern of pilot signaling; and receiving a report including an indication of, or information regarding, an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0047] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to: transmit a pilot signal for each antenna in an antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern of pilot signaling; and receive a report including an indication of, or information about, an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0048] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include: means for transmitting a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and means for receiving a report including an indication of, or information regarding, an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set for the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0049] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: transmit a pilot signal for each antenna in an antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern of pilot signaling; and receive, based on the transmitted pilot signal, a report including an indication of, or information regarding, an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station.

[0050] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for: determining a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling for IQ mismatch estimation for a set of antennas of the base station;

[0051] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern may be based on the number of antennas of the base station.

[0052] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting configuration signaling to configure the pilot signal pattern for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station.

[0053] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0054] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining the period associated with the pilot signaling based on the number of antennas in the antenna set, the number of antennas associated with the pilot signals per symbol, the number of symbols between symbols conveying the pilot signals, a symbol offset value relative to a starting symbol, or a combination thereof.

[0055] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern extends across a bandwidth for the receiving UE.

[0056] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

[0057] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal pattern can be symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

[0058] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 and 2

[0014] An example of a wireless communication system supporting in-phase and quadrature (IQ) mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0061] Figure 3 and Figure 4 Illustrated are examples of pilot signaling diagrams that support IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0062] Figure 5 An example of a process flow supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0063] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A block diagram of a device supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0064] Figure 8 A block diagram of a user equipment (UE) communications manager supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0065] Figure 9 A diagram illustrating a system including devices supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0066] Figure 10 and Figure 11 A block diagram of a device supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0067] Figure 12 A block diagram of a base station communication manager supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0068] Figure 13 A diagram illustrating a system including devices supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0069] Figures 14 to 16 Shown is a flow chart illustrating a method of supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0070] Detailed description

[0071] A wireless communication system may include multiple communication devices, such as user equipment (UE) and base stations (which may provide wireless communication services to the UE). For example, such base stations may be next-generation Node Bs or Gigabit Node Bs (either of which may be referred to as gNBs) that may support multiple radio access technologies, including fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as long-term evolution (LTE) systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems). Some wireless communication systems (such as 4G and 5G systems) may experience in-phase and quadrature-phase (IQ) mismatch (also known as IQ imbalance), which may affect wireless communication between communication devices. IQ mismatch may include a gain or phase mismatch between the in-phase and quadrature phases of a signal (e.g., an uplink signal, a downlink signal).

[0072] Examples of contributors to gain or phase mismatch between in-phase and quadrature-phase signals may include RF mixers (e.g., where the in-phase and quadrature-phase paths have different gains), phase-locked loops (e.g., where the loop responsible for generating a quadrature local oscillator produces in-phase and quadrature-phase signals that are unequal in terms of phase shift), or both. Consequently, IQ mismatch can challenge the performance of wireless communication systems by reducing the reliability of wireless communications between communicating devices and increasing latency. As the demand for wireless communication efficiency increases, various aspects of the present disclosure may provide improvements in IQ mismatch estimation to support wireless communications with higher reliability and lower latency, among other things.

[0073] The UE may be configured to support IQ mismatch estimation based on pilot signaling from a base station. For example, the UE may be configured to receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of antennas (also referred to as transmit antennas or receive antennas, or transmit / receive antennas) of a base station. The UE may measure pilot signals for each antenna in the antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. The pilot signal pattern may extend across the entire bandwidth seen by the UE. In some examples, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetrical across the bandwidth allocation. For example, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetrical with respect to the frequency bins associated with the bandwidth allocation. The UE may calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on measuring these pilot signals, and transmit a report including an indication of the IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station. The base station may receive the report including the IQ mismatch estimate and perform IQ mismatch correction. In this way, the base station and the UE may support higher IQ mismatch correction accuracy in a wireless communication system experiencing IQ mismatch.

[0074] Various aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages, among other things. Techniques employed by a UE can provide benefits and enhancements to the operation of the UE. For example, operations performed by the UE can provide improvements to wireless communications. In some examples, configuring a UE to support IQ mismatch estimation and feedback can support improvements to power consumption, spectral efficiency, and, in some examples, can promote enhanced efficiency for wireless communications operations, among other benefits.

[0075] Aspects of the present disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communication systems. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow diagrams related to IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling.

[0076] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be an LTE network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or an NR network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0077] Base stations 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form wireless communication system 100 and may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UEs 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 may provide a coverage area 110 over which UEs 115 and base stations 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which base stations 105 and UEs 115 may support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0078] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. The UEs 115 may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. Figure 1 1. The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relays, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment), such as Figure 1 As shown in .

[0079] Each base station 105 can communicate with the core network 130, with each other, or both. For example, the base stations 105 can interface with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). The base stations 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the base stations 105), indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130), or both directly and indirectly over the backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces). In some examples, the backhaul links 120 can be or include one or more wireless links. One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by one of ordinary skill in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B, or a Gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a Home Node B, a Home eNode B, or other suitable terminology.

[0080] The UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. The UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, the UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc. The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as base stations 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown in .

[0081] The UE 115 and the base station 105 may communicate wirelessly with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. The UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0082] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be located according to a channel grid for discovery by a UE 115. A carrier may operate in a standalone mode in which initial acquisition and connection may be performed by a UE 115 via the carrier, or a carrier may operate in a non-standalone mode in which the connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., a different carrier of the same or different radio access technology).

[0083] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include an uplink transmission from the UE 115 to the base station 105, or a downlink transmission from the base station 105 to the UE 115. A carrier may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in FDD mode) or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0084] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the "system bandwidth" of the carrier or wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of several determined bandwidths (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)) of a carrier of a particular radio access technology. Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, or both) may have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a particular carrier bandwidth, or may be configurable to support communication on one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a base station 105 or UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., a subband, a BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0085] The signal waveform transmitted on the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using a multicarrier modulation (MCM) technique such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may include one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the code rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements received by UE 115 and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate of UE 115 can be. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers may further improve the data rate or data integrity of communications with UE 115.

[0086] The time interval of the base station 105 or the UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, which can be, for example, a sampling period T s =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max It can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N fThe maximum supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be represented. Time intervals of communication resources may be organized according to radio frames, each having a specific duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0087] Each frame may include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of code element periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each code element period). In the wireless communication system 100, the time slot may be further divided into a plurality of mini-time slots containing one or more code elements. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each code element period may contain one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating band.

[0088] A subframe, slot, mini-slot, or symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0089] Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels may be defined by a number of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of a carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of UEs 115 may monitor or search the control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0090] In some examples, base stations 105 can be mobile and, therefore, provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 can be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communication system 100 can include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0091] The wireless communication system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations 105 may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations 105 may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may not be aligned in time in some examples. The techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0092] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low-cost or low-complexity devices and may provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technology that allows devices to communicate with each other or with a base station 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that incorporate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application that utilizes the information or presents it to a person interacting with the application. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or implement automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wilderness survival monitoring, weather and geographic event monitoring, queue management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based commercial charging.

[0093] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ a reduced power consumption mode of operation, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via transmission or reception but not simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power saving techniques for UEs 115 include entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communication, operating over a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a guard band of a carrier, or outside a carrier.

[0094] The wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. The UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency or critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private communication or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData). Support for mission-critical functions can include prioritization of services, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency can be used interchangeably herein.

[0095] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without involving base station 105.

[0096] The D2D communication link 135 can be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, the vehicles can communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination of these communications. The vehicles can signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergency situations, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, the vehicles in the V2X system can use vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication to communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as a roadside unit), with the network, or with both, via one or more network nodes (e.g., base station 105).

[0097] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and the EPC or 5GC may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) that manages access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)) that routes packets or interconnects to external networks. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by base stations 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to the network operator IP service 150. Operator IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0098] Some network devices (such as base stations 105) may include subcomponents, such as access network entities 140, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with each UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmit / receive points (TRPs). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0099] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). The 300 MHz to 3 GHz region is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter long. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves can penetrate various structures sufficiently for macrocells to provide service to UEs 115 located indoors. Transmissions using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and a shorter range (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) than transmissions using the lower frequencies and longer wavelengths in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0100] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in a super high frequency (SHF) region using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also known as a centimeter band) or in an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as a millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices may be smaller and more closely spaced than the UHF antennas. In some examples, this may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and a shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the use of frequency bands specified across these frequency regions may vary by country or regulatory agency.

[0101] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band, such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. When operating in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, devices (such as base stations 105 and UEs 115) may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations in the unlicensed band may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in conjunction with component carriers operating in the licensed band. Operations in the unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among others.

[0102] The base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of the base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with the base station 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The base station 105 may have an antenna array having several rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0103] The base station 105 or the UE 115 can use MIMO communication to exploit multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such a technique may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. For example, a transmitting device may transmit multiple signals via different antennas or different antenna combinations. Similarly, a receiving device may receive multiple signals via different antennas or different antenna combinations. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0104] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating at a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals communicated via antenna elements can include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with that device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0105] The base station 105 or the UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of a beamforming operation. For example, the base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with the UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by the base station 105 in different directions. For example, the base station 105 may transmit signals according to different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. The transmissions in different beam directions may be used (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as the base station 105) or a receiving device (such as the UE 115)) to identify a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the base station 105.

[0106] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular recipient device, may be transmitted by base station 105 in a single beam direction, e.g., a direction associated with a recipient device, such as UE 115. In some examples, a beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions and may report to base station 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0107] In some examples, transmission by a device (e.g., by a base station 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from the base station 105 to the UE 115). The UE 115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured number of beams across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. The base station 105 may transmit reference signals that may be precoded or unprecoded (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may use similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115) or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0108] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may attempt multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from base station 105. For example, the receiving device may attempt multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array (e.g., different directional listening weight sets), or processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening according to different receive configurations" or "listening according to different receive configurations" or "listening according to receive directions." In some examples, the receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving data signals). The single receive configuration may be aligned on a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0109] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, the communication of the bearer or packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP-based. The radio link control (RLC) layer can perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate on the logical channel. The media access control (MAC) layer can perform priority handling and multiplex the logical channel into the transport channel. The MAC layer can also use error detection technology, error correction technology, or both to support retransmission of the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the radio resource control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration and maintenance of the RRC connection of the radio bearer that supports user plane data between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or the core network 130. In the physical layer, the transport channel can be mapped to the physical channel.

[0110] UE 115 and base station 105 may support retransmission of data to increase the likelihood that the data is successfully received. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback is a technique for increasing the likelihood that data is correctly received on communication link 125. HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ may improve MAC layer throughput in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, a device may support simultaneous slot HARQ feedback, wherein the device may provide HARQ feedback in a particular time slot for data received in a previous symbol in that time slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent time slot or based on some other time interval.

[0111] UE 115 can be configured to support IQ mismatch estimation based on pilot signaling from base station 105. For example, UE 115 can be configured to receive pilot signaling associated with IQ mismatch estimation for an antenna set of base station 105. UE 115 can measure a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. The pilot signal pattern can extend across a bandwidth for UE 115. In some examples, the pilot signal pattern can be symmetric across the bandwidth allocation. For example, the pilot signal pattern can be symmetric relative to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation (e.g., a center frequency bin or a DC frequency bin).

[0112] The UE 115 may calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station 105 based on measuring the pilot signals, and transmit a report including an indication of the IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station 105. The base station 105 may receive the report including the IQ mismatch estimate and perform IQ mismatch correction. As a result, the base station 105 and the UE 115 may support higher IQ mismatch correction accuracy in the wireless communication system 100 that experiences IQ mismatch.

[0113] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 can include a base station 105-a and UEs 115-a and 115-b, which can be as described in reference Figure 1 An example of a base station 105 and a UE 115 is described. Base station 105-a may serve a geographic coverage area 110-a. Base station 105-a may include several antennas 205 (e.g., transmit antennas, receive antennas, or any combination thereof) to transmit signals (e.g., on a downlink channel) to UE 115. Each antenna 205 may correspond to a physical antenna, a logical antenna port, an antenna array, a component of an antenna array, or some combination thereof. In some cases, transmissions from antenna 205 may experience IQ mismatch (e.g., based on the receiver chain at UE 115 and the in-phase signal path, quadrature signal path, or both used for transmission). This IQ mismatch at base station antenna 205 may set a noise floor for the receiving UE 115, thereby reducing the reliability of successful reception of certain messages (such as messages corresponding to relatively high modulation and coding scheme (MCS) values, messages corresponding to multiple streams using MIMO, or other similar messages). To correct for IQ mismatch, wireless communication system 200 may support IQ mismatch estimation of base station antenna 205 at UE 115.

[0114] In some other systems, base station 105-a may perform IQ mismatch estimation. To enable base station 105-a to support IQ mismatch estimation, base station 105-a may implement several hardware components, software components, or a combination thereof for each antenna (e.g., each transmit antenna). Such a base station configuration may result in increased processing complexity and overhead at base station 105-a to support local feedback and IQ mismatch estimation for each antenna at base station 105-a.

[0115] In contrast, as described herein, wireless communication system 200 can support IQ mismatch estimation and reporting by one or more UEs 115. In some examples, base station 105-a can transmit reference signaling 210 associated with IQ mismatch estimation for antenna set 205. As illustrated, base station 105-a can transmit reference signaling 210-a using a first antenna 205-a and reference signaling 210-b using a second antenna 205-b. In some cases, reference signaling 210 can include an IQ mismatch pilot signal. UE 115 can receive reference signaling 210 and can perform IQ mismatch estimation based on reference signaling 210. In some examples, UE 115-a can receive reference signaling 210-a and 210-b. UE 115-a can calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna 205 in antenna set 205 based on reference signaling 210. For example, UE 115-a may calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for antenna 205-a based on reference signaling 210-a, and calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for antenna 205-b based on reference signaling 210-b. Each IQ mismatch estimate may include a gain mismatch estimate (e.g., for a specific frequency range), a phase mismatch estimate (e.g., for a specific frequency range), or both. UE 115-b may perform a similar estimation process. Based on the different channel conditions under which UE 115-a and UE 115-b receive reference signaling 210, UE 115 may calculate different IQ mismatch estimates for the same antenna 205.

[0116] UE 115 may provide feedback to base station 105-a indicating an IQ mismatch estimate. In some examples, UE 115 may transmit one or more reports 215 (e.g., IQ mismatch reports) including IQ mismatch estimate information. Furthermore, report 215 may include one or more signal measurements (e.g., for each antenna 205 for a particular frequency range). Such signal measurements may be examples of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), or some similar signal measurement. In some cases, report 215 may include IQ mismatch estimate information for a particular antenna 205. In some other cases, UE 115 may bundle reports 215 such that the transmitted feedback message includes reports for the antenna set 205. UE 115-a may transmit report 215-a, while UE 115-b may transmit report 215-b (e.g., via a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or other uplink channel).

[0117] The base station 105-a may receive reports 215 from several UEs 115 and may perform IQ mismatch correction for each antenna 205 of the antenna set 205 based on the reports 215. In some cases, the base station 105-a may weight the IQ mismatch estimates of different reports 215 when performing IQ mismatch correction (e.g., based on reported signal measurements (e.g., SNR values)). Weighting the reports 215 may improve IQ mismatch estimation accuracy (e.g., by reducing the impact of outlier IQ mismatch estimates due to relatively poor SNR values). In addition, by combining information from reports (e.g., from multiple UEs 115), the base station 105-a may improve IQ mismatch estimation accuracy (e.g., compared to performing correction based on estimates from a single device). In some examples, report 215-a may include an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate of antenna 205-a by UE 115-a, while report 215-b may include an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate of antenna 205-a by UE 115-b. Base station 105-a may perform IQ mismatch correction for antenna 205-a based on both report 215-a and report 215-b. Using this information, base station 105-a may apply corrections to each transmission (e.g., from antenna 205-a) to improve the error vector magnitude (EVM) of the transmission for base station 105-a.

[0118] Performing IQ mismatch estimation and reporting at the UE 115 may reduce the IQ mismatch noise floor and improve IQ mismatch estimation. Specifically, the base station 105-a may reduce the IQ mismatch noise floor for the set of UEs 115 based on feedback information from one UE 115 or a subset of UEs 115. For example, if the base station 105-a receives report 215-a but does not receive report 215-b, the base station 105-a may perform IQ mismatch correction on transmissions to both UE 115-a and UE 115-b based on report 215-a. In this way, even if UE 115-b does not support IQ mismatch reporting (e.g., if UE 115-b is a legacy UE), UE 115-b may benefit from IQ mismatch reports from other UEs 115 in the wireless communication system 200. Additionally or alternatively, performing IQ mismatch estimation and reporting at the UE 115 may reduce complexity at the base station 105.

[0119] For example, the base station 105-a may avoid performing IQ mismatch estimation locally for each antenna 205 and, in doing so, may avoid implementing corresponding hardware components, software components, or a combination thereof for each antenna 205. In some cases, because the base station 105-a performs accurate IQ mismatch correction for transmissions based on the reports 215, the UE 115 may avoid performing IQ mismatch estimation and correction for specific messages received from the base station 105-a (e.g., across the full bandwidth of the UE 115). In some cases, the UE 115 may perform IQ mismatch estimation at specific resources to achieve further improvement (e.g., as opposed to the full bandwidth). Additionally or alternatively, the base station 105-a may concurrently assign multiple UEs 115 at different frequencies (e.g., even for relatively high MCS values above an MCS threshold), thereby enabling support for orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). Accordingly, as described herein, supporting IQ mismatch estimation and reporting at the UE 115 may improve reception reliability and capacity at the UE 115 while reducing complexity at the base station 105 - a .

[0120] Figure 3 An example of a pilot signaling diagram 300 that supports IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the pilot signaling diagram 300 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100 and / or the wireless communication system 200. In some examples, the pilot signaling diagram 300 can include an example pilot signal pattern 305, including a plurality of pilot signals 310 transmitted from the base station 105 to the UE 115 via the plurality of antennas of the base station 105. In some aspects, the pilot signal pattern 305 can implement IQ mismatch estimation for the plurality of antennas of the base station 105. Specifically, the pilot signal pattern 305 can enable the UE 115 to receive the pilot signaling including the pilot signal pattern 305 to estimate the IQ mismatch associated with the plurality of antennas of the base station 105.

[0121] In some examples, the base station 105 can be configured to determine a pilot signal pattern 305 for pilot signaling to use. The pilot signal pattern 305 can be associated with one or more of the multiple antennas of the base station 105. For example, Figure 3 As shown, the pilot signal pattern 305 may include a pilot signal 310-a associated with (e.g., transmitted by) a first antenna (e.g., Tx 0) of the base station 105, a pilot signal 310-b associated with a second antenna (e.g., Tx 1) of the base station 105, a pilot signal 310-c associated with a third antenna (e.g., Tx 2) of the base station 105, and a pilot signal 310-d associated with a fourth antenna (e.g., Tx 3) of the base station 105. Although the pilot signal pattern 305 is Figure 31 and 2 as including pilot signals 310-a, 310-b, 310-c, 310-d associated with four antennas, but this should not be considered a limitation of the present disclosure unless otherwise specified herein. In this regard, the pilot signal pattern 305 can be determined (e.g., by the base station 105) to include pilot signals 310 associated with any number of antennas.

[0122] In some examples, the pilot signal pattern 305 may be included within a single OFDM symbol. In this regard, the "width" of the pilot signal pattern 305 may correspond to an OFDM symbol, and the pilot signal pattern 305 may be conveyed within a single symbol (e.g., an OFDM symbol). Accordingly, the pilot signal pattern 305 may be repeated with multiple symbols within a given time frame. As will be described in further detail herein, the pilot signaling may include multiple symbols that convey the pilot signaling pattern 305 (or similar pilot signaling patterns). For example, the pilot signal pattern 305 may extend across one or more physical resource blocks (PRBs) that define the bandwidth allocation observed by the UE 115. The multiple pilot signals 310-a, 310-b, 310-c, 310-d associated with the multiple antennas may be transmitted via multiple subcarriers. For example, in the context of 5G communications, a PRB may include twelve subcarriers, such as Figure 3 As shown. In this example, a first PRB (e.g., PRB 1) may include twelve pilot signals 310, where each pilot signal of the first PRB is conveyed via a single subcarrier in the first PRB. Similarly, a second PRB (e.g., PRB 2) may include twelve pilot signals 310, where each pilot signal of the second PRB is conveyed via a single subcarrier in the second PRB. Depending on the characteristics of a given wireless communication network (e.g., wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200), a single PRB may include a different number of subcarriers (and therefore a different number of pilot signals 310).

[0123] In some aspects, the pilot signal pattern 305 may extend over at least a portion of the bandwidth allocation observed by the UE 115. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern 305 may extend over the entire bandwidth allocation. Figure 3As shown in FIG, the pilot signal pattern 305 may include pilot signals 310-a, 310-b, 310-c, 310-d associated with various antennas (e.g., Tx 0, Tx 1, Tx 2, Tx 3) such that each sequence of pilot signals 310-a, 310-b, 310-c, 310-d extends across respective subcarriers of the bandwidth allocation. For example, when moving from the first subcarrier of PRB 1 (e.g., subcarrier-1) to the twelfth subcarrier of PRB 1 (e.g., subcarrier-12), each pilot signal 310-a, 310-b, 310-c, 310-d of the pilot signal pattern 305 may appear once every four pilot signals (e.g., every four subcarriers), such that three pilot signals 310 exist between each repetition of the respective pilot signals 310-a, 310-b, 310-c, 310-d.

[0124] In some aspects, the pilot signal pattern 305 may comprise a sequence, wherein each element of the sequence is located at a different resource element of an antenna. For example, in some aspects, the elements (e.g., pilot sequences) of the pilot signal pattern 305 associated with a first antenna (e.g., Tx 0) may be located at resource elements associated with the first antenna. For example, the elements of the pilot sequence for Tx 0 (e.g., […, p0(n), p0(n+1), p0(n+2), p0(n+3), p0(n+4), p0(n+5), …]) may be located at resource elements of Tx 0 (e.g., […, -12, -8, -4, 0, 4, 8, 12, …]), where p0(n) is the pilot sequence for Tx 0.

[0125] In some aspects, the sequence of pilot signal patterns 305 may extend across the entire bandwidth allocation associated with the pilot signaling. In this regard, the pilot signal pattern 305 may span multiple frequencies (e.g., multiple subcarriers) and multiple frequency bins within the bandwidth allocation. In some aspects, the pilot signal pattern 305 may be symmetrical across the bandwidth allocation. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern 305 may be symmetrical with respect to the frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation. In some aspects, the pilot signal pattern 305 may be symmetrical with respect to the frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation, wherein the frequency bin corresponds to the center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0126] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the pilot signal pattern 305 may be symmetric with respect to the center of the frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation. Figure 3The frequency bins illustrated in FIG can correspond to the center frequencies of the bandwidth allocation (e.g., the DC bin), such that the center of the frequency bin corresponds to the center of the bandwidth allocation. In some aspects, the pilot signal pattern 305 can be centered at the center of the frequency bin of the frequency bin, wherein the sequence of the pilot signal pattern 305 is then symmetric about the pilot signal 310 centered at the center of the frequency bin. For example, as Figure 3 As shown in FIG, the pilot signal 310-a associated with the first antenna (Tx 0) may be centered at the center of the frequency bin at subcarrier 0. The repeating pilot signal pattern may then be based on the pilot signal 310-a centered at the center of the frequency bin. In this regard, subcarrier 1 and subcarrier-1 may convey the pilot signal 310-b associated with the second antenna (Tx 1), subcarrier 2 and subcarrier-2 may convey the pilot signal 310-c associated with the third antenna (Tx 3), and subcarrier 3 and subcarrier-3 may convey the pilot signal 310-d associated with the fourth antenna (Tx 2).

[0127] Continuing with the same example above, in some aspects, the sequence of pilot signal patterns 305 may then be symmetrical about the center of the frequency bin. For example, subcarriers 0, 4, -4, 8, -8, 12, and -12 may convey pilot signals 310-a associated with a first antenna (Tx0), subcarriers 1, -1, 5, -5, 9, and -9 may convey pilot signals 310-b associated with a second antenna (Tx1), subcarriers 2, -2, 6, -6, 10, and -10 may convey pilot signals 310-c associated with a third antenna (Tx2), and subcarriers 3, -3, 7, -7, 11, and -11 may convey pilot signals 310-d associated with a fourth antenna (Tx3).

[0128] In some aspects, the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 may utilize pilot signaling, as illustrated by pilot signaling diagram 300, to estimate IQ mismatch for one or more antennas of a base station 105 within the wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the base station 105 may be configured to determine a pilot signal pattern 305. The base station 105 may transmit configuration signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI)) to a UE 115, which configures the pilot signal pattern 305 for each of a plurality of antennas of the base station 105. In this regard, the configuration signaling may include information associated with one or more characteristics of the pilot signal pattern. The base station 105 may then transmit pilot signaling to one or more UEs 115 based on the pilot signal pattern 305. A UE 115 of the one or more UEs 115 may then measure pilot signals 310-a, 310-b, 310-c, 310-d for the one or more antennas based on the pilot signal pattern 305. In some aspects, the UE 115 may then compute an IQ mismatch estimate for one or more antennas of the base station 105 based on measurements of the pilot signals 310-a, 310-b, 310-c, 310-d within the pilot signal pattern 305. In some aspects, the UE 115 may transmit a report (e.g., an IQ mismatch report) to the base station including an indication of the estimated IQ mismatch for one or more antennas of the base station 105. In this regard, the base station 105 may be configured to receive one or more IQ mismatch reports from one or more UEs 115 to correct or otherwise address the determined IQ mismatch for the base station 105.

[0129] Figure 4 An example of a pilot signaling diagram 400 that supports IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the pilot signaling diagram 400 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, the wireless communication system 200, and / or the pilot signaling diagram 300. In some aspects, the pilot signaling diagram 400 illustrates an example of pilot signaling, including a first pilot signal pattern 405-a, a second pilot signal pattern 405-b, and a third pilot signal pattern 405-c. In some aspects, the pilot signal patterns 405-a, 405-b, 405-c can implement IQ mismatch estimation for multiple antennas of the base station 105.

[0130] As mentioned above Figure 3As mentioned, each pilot signal pattern 405-a, 405-b, 405-c can be associated with multiple antennas of the base station 105. For example, the first pilot signal pattern 405-a can include pilot signals associated with the first antenna (e.g., Tx 0), the second antenna (e.g., Tx 1), the third antenna (e.g., Tx 2), and the fourth antenna (e.g., Tx 3) of the base station 105. Similarly, the second pilot signal pattern 405-b can include pilot signals associated with the fifth antenna (e.g., Tx 4), the sixth antenna (e.g., Tx 5), the seventh antenna (e.g., Tx 6), and the eighth antenna (e.g., Tx 7) of the base station 105. Furthermore, the third pilot signal pattern 405-c can include pilot signals associated with the ninth antenna (e.g., Tx 8), the tenth antenna (e.g., Tx 9), the eleventh antenna (e.g., Tx 10), and the twelfth antenna (e.g., Tx 11) of the base station 105.

[0131] In some aspects, the first pilot signal pattern 405-a, the second pilot signal pattern 405-b, and the third pilot signal pattern 405-c may be collectively referred to as a "single pilot signal pattern 405," which characterizes pilot signaling for IQ mismatch estimation. Figure 3 Any discussion associated with the pilot signal pattern 305 illustrated in Figure 4 15. In this regard, the pilot signal patterns 405-a, 405-b, 405-c may extend over at least a portion of the bandwidth allocation observed by the UE 115. For example, in some aspects, the pilot signal patterns 405-a, 405-b, 405-c may include a sequence of pilot signal patterns that extend across at least a portion of the bandwidth allocation. In some aspects, the pilot signal patterns 405-a, 405-b, 405-c may be symmetric with respect to a frequency bin center of a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

[0132] In some aspects, each of the pilot signal patterns 405-a, 405-b, 405-c may be included in a single symbol (e.g., an OFDM symbol). For example, in some cases, a first OFDM symbol may convey a first pilot signal pattern 405-a, a second OFDM symbol may convey a second pilot signal pattern 405-b, and a third OFDM symbol may convey a third pilot signal pattern 405-c.

[0133] In some aspects, the pilot signaling may include a pilot signaling period 410. The pilot signaling period 410 may define a time interval (e.g., a number of symbols) over which an IQ estimate is to be determined. The pilot signaling period 410 may define a time interval during which symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) including an IQ mismatch pilot signal are transmitted. In some aspects, the pilot signaling period 410 may be defined at least in part by a symbol offset 415, wherein the symbol offset 415 defines a time period (e.g., a number of symbols) between the start of the pilot signaling period 410 and the first symbol (e.g., the first OFDM symbol) that conveys the IQ mismatch pilot signal. For example, as Figure 4 As shown, symbol offset 415 can define the number of symbols between the start of pilot signaling period 410 and the first OFDM symbol conveying pilot signal pattern 405-a. In the case where the first symbol conveying an IQ mismatch pilot signal is transmitted as the first symbol within the pilot signal period 410, symbol offset 415 can be zero.

[0134] In some aspects, the pilot signaling period 410 may be further defined, at least in part, by a pilot signal offset 420. The pilot signal offset 420 may define the number of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) between symbols conveying an IQ mismatch pilot signal. Figure 4 As shown, the pilot signaling may include a first OFDM symbol conveying a first pilot signal pattern 405-a and a second OFDM symbol conveying a second pilot signal pattern 405-b. In this example, a pilot signal offset 420 may define the number of OFDM symbols between the first OFDM symbol (e.g., the OFDM symbol conveying the first pilot signal pattern 405-a) and the second OFDM symbol (e.g., the OFDM symbol conveying the second pilot signal pattern 405-b).

[0135] In some aspects, the pilot signal offset 420 may be consistent throughout the pilot signaling, such that each symbol (e.g., OFDM symbol) conveying an IQ mismatch pilot signal is separated from adjacent symbols conveying the IQ mismatch pilot signal by the same pilot signal offset 420. Additionally or alternatively, the pilot signal offset 420 may be inconsistent throughout the pilot signaling. For example, the pilot signaling may include a first OFDM symbol conveying a first pilot signal pattern 405-a, a second OFDM symbol conveying a second pilot signal pattern 405-b, and a third OFDM symbol conveying a third pilot signal pattern 405-c. In this example, the pilot signaling may include a first pilot signal offset 420 separating the first and second OFDM symbols, and a second pilot signal offset 420 separating the second and third OFDM symbols, wherein the second pilot signal offset 420 is different from the first pilot signal offset 420.

[0136] In some aspects, the base station 105 can be configured to determine the period of pilot signaling (e.g., pilot signaling period 410) based on any number of characteristics, including but not limited to: the number of antennas of the base station 105, the number of antennas associated with the pilot signal per symbol (e.g., the number of antennas associated with each pilot signal pattern 405-a, 405-b, 405-c), the symbol offset 415, the pilot signal offset 420, etc. For example, in some aspects, the pilot signal offset 420 used for IQ mismatch estimation (T IQ mismatch PSP ) can be determined according to formula (1):

[0137]

[0138] where N Tx Defines the number of transmit antennas of the base station 105 whose IQ mismatch is to be estimated, N Tx per OS defines the number of transmit antennas per symbol (e.g., OFDM symbol) (e.g., the number of transmit antennas associated with each pilot signal pattern 405-a, 405-B, 405-c), T PS Offset Defines the number of symbols between symbols conveying pilot signals (e.g., T PS Offset Define pilot signal offset 420), and T Symbol Offset Defines the number of symbols (e.g., T) between the start of the pilot signaling period 410 and the first symbol conveying the IQ mismatch pilot signal. Symbol Offset Define symbol offset 415).

[0139] In some aspects, the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 may utilize pilot signaling, as illustrated by the pilot signaling diagram 400, to estimate IQ mismatch for one or more antennas of a base station 105 within the wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the base station 105 may be configured to determine a first pilot signal pattern 405-a, a second pilot signal pattern 405-b, and a third pilot signal pattern 405-c for pilot signaling for IQ mismatch estimation. In some aspects, the first pilot signal pattern 405-a, the second pilot signal pattern 405-b, and the third pilot signal pattern 405-c may be collectively referred to as a single pilot signaling pattern 405 for IQ mismatch estimation. The base station 105 may further determine a period associated with the pilot signaling (e.g., a pilot signaling period 410). In some aspects, the base station 105 may determine the pilot signaling period 410 based on the number of antennas of the base station 105 for which IQ mismatch estimation is to be performed, the number of antennas associated with the pilot signal per symbol, a symbol offset value relative to the starting symbol (e.g., symbol offset 415), the number of symbols between symbols conveying the pilot signal (e.g., pilot signal offset 420), or a combination thereof. For example, in some cases, the base station 105 may determine the period associated with the pilot signaling (e.g., pilot signaling period 410, T) according to equation (1). IQ Mismatch PS Period ).

[0140] Continuing with the same example, the base station 105 may transmit configuration signaling to one or more UEs 115, wherein the configuration signaling configures a pilot signal pattern 405 for each of a plurality of antennas of the base station 105. In this regard, the configuration signaling may include indications of various characteristics of the pilot signaling, including, but not limited to, the pilot signal pattern 405, the pilot signaling period 410, the symbol offset 415, the pilot signal offset 420, etc. The base station 105 may then transmit pilot signals to the one or more UEs 115 in accordance with the pilot signal pattern 405. A UE 115 of the one or more UEs 115 may then measure the pilot signals for the one or more antennas based on the pilot signal pattern 405. In some aspects, the UE 115 may then calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna of the base station 105 based on the measurements of each pilot signal within the pilot signal pattern 405. In some aspects, the UE 115 may transmit a report (e.g., an IQ mismatch report) to the base station 105, including an indication of the estimated IQ mismatch for the antennas of the base station 105. In this regard, the base station 105 may be configured to receive one or more IQ mismatch reports from one or more UEs 115 to correct or otherwise address the determined IQ mismatch for the base station 105 .

[0141] Figure 5An example of a process flow 500 for supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the process flow 500 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, the wireless communication system 200, the pilot signaling diagram 300, and / or the pilot signaling diagram 400. The process flow 500 can illustrate an example of communication between a base station 105-b and a UE 115-c that can enable IQ mismatch estimation for multiple antennas of the base station 105. The base station 105-b and the UE 115-c can be examples of corresponding devices as described herein. For example, as described with reference to Figure 1-4 As described, process flow 500 may illustrate transmitting pilot signaling, measuring pilot signals based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling, and calculating IQ mismatch estimates for multiple antennas based on the measurements of the pilot information.

[0142] In the following description of process flow 500, operations between base station 105-b and UE 115-c may be communicated in a different order than the exemplary order shown, or operations performed by base station 105-b and UE 115-c may be performed in a different order or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 500, and other operations may be added to process flow 500. The operations illustrated in process flow 500 may be performed by hardware (e.g., including circuitry, processing blocks, logic components, and other components), code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof.

[0143] At 505, the base station 105-b may determine a pilot signaling pattern for pilot signaling. In some aspects, the base station 105-b may determine a pilot signaling pattern for pilot signaling for IQ mismatch of multiple antennas of the base station 105-b. In some examples, the base station 105-b may be configured to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The pilot signaling pattern is determined based on the pilot signaling diagrams 300 and 400 illustrated in FIG.

[0144] In some aspects, the pilot signal pattern may comprise a pilot signal pattern that extends across the bandwidth allocation observed by the UE. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern may extend across the entire bandwidth allocation. In some aspects, the pilot signal pattern may comprise a sequence that extends across the bandwidth allocation. In other aspects, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetric across the bandwidth allocation. For example, in some cases, the pilot signal pattern may be symmetric with respect to the frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation, such as in Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this example, the frequency bin may correspond to the center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0145] At 510, the base station 105-b may determine a period associated with the pilot signaling. In some aspects, the period associated with the pilot signaling (e.g., the pilot signaling period 410) may be based on any number of characteristics, including, but not limited to: the number of antennas of the base station 105 for which IQ mismatch estimation is to be performed, the number of antennas associated with the pilot signal per symbol, a symbol offset value relative to the starting symbol (e.g., the symbol offset 415), the number of symbols between symbols conveying the pilot signal (e.g., the pilot signal offset 420), or a combination thereof. For example, in some cases, the base station 105 may determine the period associated with the pilot signaling (e.g., the pilot signaling period 410, T) according to equation (1). IQ Mismatch PS Period ).

[0146] At 515, the base station 105-b may transmit configuration signaling to the UE 115-c. In some aspects, the configuration signaling may configure a pilot signal pattern for each of the multiple antennas of the base station 105-b. In this regard, the configuration signaling may include information associated with one or more characteristics of the pilot signal pattern, including, but not limited to, symbol offset 415, pilot signal offset 420, etc. For example, the configuration signaling may configure the pilot signal pattern based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern determined at 505. By way of another example, the configuration signaling may configure the pilot signal pattern based at least in part on a pilot signaling period (e.g., pilot signaling period 410) determined at 510. In some aspects, the configuration information may include, but is not limited to, DCI. For example, the base station 105-b may be configured to transmit DCI to the UE 115-c, wherein the DCI configures the pilot signal pattern for each of the multiple antennas of the base station 105-b.

[0147] At 520, the base station 105-b may transmit pilot signaling to the UE 115-c. The pilot signaling at 520 may be associated with IQ mismatch estimates for multiple antennas of the base station 105-b. In some aspects, the pilot signaling may be transmitted based on the configuration signaling transmitted at 515. For example, the pilot signaling may be transmitted based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern determined at 505 and / or the pilot signaling period determined at 510.

[0148] At 525, the UE 115-c may measure pilot signals associated with one or more antennas of the base station 105-b. In some aspects, the UE 115-c may measure the pilot signals for each of the multiple antennas of the base station 105-b. In some aspects, the UE 115-c may measure the pilot signals based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern. For example, the configuration signaling transmitted from the base station 105-b to the UE 115-c at 515 may include an indication of a pilot signal pattern for the pilot signals. In this regard, the UE 115-c may be configured to utilize the pilot signal pattern indicated in the configuration signaling in order to measure the pilot signals at 525.

[0149] At 530, the UE 115-c may determine an SNR estimate for one or more antennas of the base station 105-b. The UE 115-c may be configured to determine the SNR estimate based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. In some aspects, the UE 115-c may be configured to determine an SNR estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station 105-b. For example, the IQ mismatch report may include a first SNR value associated with a first antenna of the base station, a second SNR value associated with a second antenna of the base station, and an nth SNR value associated with an nth antenna of the base station.

[0150] At 535, the UE 115-c may determine channel estimates for one or more antennas of the base station 105-b. The UE 115-c may be configured to determine the channel estimates for the multiple antennas based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. In some aspects, the UE 115-c may be configured to determine a channel estimate for each of the multiple antennas of the base station 105-b. For example, the IQ mismatch report may include a first channel estimate associated with a first antenna of the base station, a second channel estimate associated with a second antenna of the base station, and an nth channel estimate associated with an nth antenna of the base station.

[0151] At 540, the UE 115-c may calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for one or more antennas of the base station 105-b. In some aspects, the UE 115-c may be configured to determine an IQ mismatch estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station 105-b. The IQ mismatch estimate may be based at least in part on measurements and / or estimates performed on pilot signals. For example, in some cases, the UE 115-c may be configured to estimate the IQ mismatch for one or more antennas of the base station 105-b based at least in part on the SNR estimate determined at 530. By way of another example, the UE 115-c may be configured to estimate the IQ mismatch for one or more antennas of the base station 105-b based at least in part on the channel estimate determined at 535.

[0152] At 545, UE 115-c may transmit a report to base station 105-b that includes an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for one or more antennas of base station 105-b (e.g., an "IQ mismatch report"). The IQ mismatch report may be generated and / or transmitted based at least in part on the measurement / estimate of the pilot signal transmitted by base station 105-b at 520. In some cases, the report may include an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each of a plurality of antennas of base station 105-b. For example, the IQ mismatch report may include a first IQ mismatch value associated with a first antenna of the base station, a second IQ mismatch value associated with a second antenna of the base station, and an nth IQ mismatch value associated with an nth antenna of the base station.

[0153] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 illustrates a device 605 supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of the UE 115 as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a UE communication manager 615, and a transmitter 620. The device 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0154] The receiver 610 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling). The information may be passed to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may be a reference Figure 9 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 920. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0155] The UE communication manager 615 may receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for an antenna set of a base station; measure a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern in the pilot signaling; and calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the measured pilot signals. The UE communication manager 615 may be an example of aspects of the UE communication manager 910 described herein. By including or configuring the UE communication manager 615 according to the examples described herein, the device 605 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to the receiver 610, the transmitter 620, the UE communication manager 615, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reducing power consumption by improving reliability and reducing latency of wireless communications, as described herein.

[0156] The UE communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the UE communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0157] The UE communications manager 615 or its subcomponents may be physically located in a variety of locations, including being distributed such that portions of functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the UE communications manager 615 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the UE communications manager 615 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components (including, but not limited to, input / output (I / O) components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof).

[0158] The transmitter 620 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 605. In some examples, the transmitter 620 may be co-located with the receiver 610 in a transceiver component. For example, the transmitter 620 may be a reference Figure 9 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 920. The transmitter 620 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0159] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 illustrates a device 705 that supports IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of the device 605 or UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a UE communication manager 715, and a transmitter 730. The device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0160] The receiver 710 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling). The information may be passed to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may be a reference Figure 9 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 920. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0161] UE communications manager 715 may be an example of aspects of UE communications manager 615 as described herein. UE communications manager 715 may include pilot signal component 720 and IQ component 725. UE communications manager 715 may be an example of aspects of UE communications manager 910 as described herein.

[0162] The pilot signal component 720 can receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for an antenna set of a base station and measure pilot signals for each antenna in the antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern in the pilot signaling. The IQ component 725 can calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on measuring these pilot signals.

[0163] The transmitter 730 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 705. In some examples, the transmitter 730 may be co-located with the receiver 710 in a transceiver component. For example, the transmitter 730 may be a reference signal. Figure 9 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 920. The transmitter 730 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0164] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 illustrates a UE communication manager 805 that supports IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE communication manager 805 can be an example of aspects of the UE communication manager 615, the UE communication manager 715, or the UE communication manager 910 described herein. The UE communication manager 805 can include a pilot signal component 810, an IQ component 815, a reporting component 820, a configuration component 825, and an SNR component 830. Each of these components can communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0165] The pilot signal component 810 can receive pilot signaling associated with IQ mismatch estimation for an antenna set of a base station. In some examples, the pilot signal component 810 can measure a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern extends across the bandwidth for the UE. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern is symmetric across the bandwidth allocation. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern is symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation. In some cases, the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0166] The IQ component 815 may calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on measuring the pilot signals. In some examples, the IQ component 815 may determine a channel estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling, and the reporting component 820 may transmit a report including an indication of the IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station. The configuration component 825 may receive configuration signaling that configures the pilot signal pattern for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station. In some cases, the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling. The SNR component 830 may determine an SNR estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling.

[0167] Figure 9 A diagram of a system 900 illustrating a device 905 supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of, or include components of, the device 605, device 705, or UE 115 as described herein. The device 905 may include components for two-way voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a UE communication manager 910, an I / O controller 915, a transceiver 920, an antenna 925, a memory 930, and a processor 940. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 945).

[0168] The UE communication manager 910 may receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for an antenna set of a base station; measure a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on a pilot signal pattern in the pilot signaling; and calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the measured pilot signals. By including or configuring the UE communication manager 910 according to the examples described herein, the device 905 may support techniques for improved communication reliability, reduced latency, improved inter-device coordination, and extended battery life.

[0169] I / O controller 915 can manage input and output signals for device 905. I / O controller 915 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 905. In some cases, I / O controller 915 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 915 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. In other cases, I / O controller 915 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 915 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with device 905 via I / O controller 915 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 915.

[0170] The transceiver 920 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 920 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 920 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, as well as demodulate packets received from the antenna. In some cases, the device 905 may include a single antenna 925. However, in some cases, the device 905 may have more than one antenna 925, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0171] The memory 930 may include RAM and ROM. The memory 930 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 935 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor 940 to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 930 may include, among other things, a basic input / output system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0172] The code 935 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 935 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, the code 935 may not be directly executed by the processor 940, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0173] The processor 940 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 940 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 940. The processor 940 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 930) to cause the device 905 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling).

[0174] Figure 10A block diagram 1000 illustrates a device 1005 that supports IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of aspects of a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a base station communication manager 1015, and a transmitter 1020. The device 1005 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0175] The receiver 1010 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1005. The receiver 1010 may be a reference Figure 13 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1320. The receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0176] The base station communication manager 1015 may determine a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling for IQ mismatch estimation for an antenna set of the base station; transmit a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on the pilot signaling pilot signal pattern; and receive a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimation for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal. The base station communication manager 1015 may be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1310 described herein.

[0177] The base station communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, in code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the base station communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an FPGA or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0178] The base station communications manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, the base station communications manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, the base station communications manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components (including, but not limited to, input / output (I / O) components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof).

[0179] The transmitter 1020 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1005. In some examples, the transmitter 1020 may be co-located with the receiver 1010 in a transceiver component. For example, the transmitter 1020 may be a reference Figure 13 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1320. The transmitter 1020 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0180] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 illustrates a device 1105 supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of aspects of the device 1005 or base station 105 as described herein. The device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a base station communication manager 1115, and a transmitter 1130. The device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0181] The receiver 1110 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1105. The receiver 1110 may be a reference Figure 13 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1320. The receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0182] Base station communications manager 1115 can be an example of aspects of base station communications manager 1015 as described herein. Base station communications manager 1115 can include pilot signal component 1120 and reporting component 1125. Base station communications manager 1115 can be an example of aspects of base station communications manager 1310 as described herein.

[0183] The pilot signal component 1120 can determine a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling of IQ mismatch estimation for the antenna set of the base station and transmit a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on the pilot signaling pilot signal pattern. The reporting component 1125 can receive a report including an indication of the IQ mismatch estimation for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0184] The transmitter 1130 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1105. In some examples, the transmitter 1130 may be co-located with the receiver 1110 in a transceiver component. For example, the transmitter 1130 may be a reference Figure 13 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1320. The transmitter 1130 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0185] Figure 12A block diagram 1200 illustrates a base station communication manager 1205 that supports IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The base station communication manager 1205 can be an example of aspects of the base station communication manager 1015, the base station communication manager 1115, or the base station communication manager 1310 described herein. The base station communication manager 1205 can include a pilot signal component 1210, a reporting component 1215, and a configuration component 1220. Each of these components can communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0186] The pilot signal component 1210 can determine a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling for IQ mismatch estimation of the antenna set of the base station. In some examples, the pilot signal component 1210 can transmit a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern is based on the number of antennas of the base station. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern extends across the bandwidth for the receiving UE. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern is symmetrical across the bandwidth allocation. In some cases, the pilot signal pattern is symmetrical with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation. In some cases, the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0187] Reporting component 1215 may receive a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal. Configuration component 1220 may transmit configuration signaling that configures the pilot signal pattern for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station. In some examples, configuration component 1220 may determine the period associated with the pilot signaling based on the number of antennas in the antenna set, the number of antennas associated with the pilot signals per symbol, the number of symbols between symbols conveying the pilot signals, a symbol offset value relative to a starting symbol, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the configuration signaling includes the period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0188] Figure 13 A diagram of a system 1300 illustrating a device 1305 supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1305 may be an example of, or include components of, the device 1005, device 1105, or base station 105 as described herein. The device 1305 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a base station communication manager 1310, a network communication manager 1315, a transceiver 1320, an antenna 1325, a memory 1330, a processor 1340, and an inter-station communication manager 1345. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1350).

[0189] The base station communication manager 1310 may determine a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling for IQ mismatch estimation of an antenna set of the base station; transmit a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and receive a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimation for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0190] The network communications manager 1315 may manage communications with the core network (eg, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1315 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115.

[0191] The transceiver 1320 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 1320 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1320 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, as well as demodulate packets received from the antenna. In some cases, the device 1305 may include a single antenna 1325. However, in some cases, the device 1305 may have more than one antenna 1325, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0192] Memory 1330 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1330 may store computer-readable code 1335 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1340), cause the device to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1330 may include, among other things, a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0193] The code 1335 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1335 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, the code 1335 may not be directly executed by the processor 1340, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0194] The processor 1340 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1340 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1340. The processor 1340 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1330) to cause the device 1305 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling).

[0195] The inter-site communication manager 1345 can manage communications with other base stations 105 and can include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UE 115 in coordination with the other base stations 105. For example, the inter-site communication manager 1345 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to the UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques, such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-site communication manager 1345 can provide an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between the base stations 105.

[0196] Figure 14 Flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 6 to 9 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0197] At 1405, the UE may receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of antennas of a base station. The operations of 1405 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signal component is performed.

[0198] At 1410, the UE may transmit a report including an indication of or information about an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station. The operations of 1410 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described reporting component is executed.

[0199] Figure 15Flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by the UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 6 to 9 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0200] At 1505, the UE may receive pilot signaling associated with an IQ mismatch estimate for a set of antennas of a base station. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signal component is performed.

[0201] At 1510, the UE may measure the pilot signal of each antenna in the antenna set based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signal component is performed.

[0202] At 1515, the UE may calculate an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station based on measuring the pilot signals. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described IQ components are implemented.

[0203] At 1520, the UE may transmit a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the antenna set of the base station. The operations of 1520 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1520 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 6 to 9 The described reporting component is executed.

[0204] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting IQ mismatch estimation pilot signaling according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by the base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by the base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 10 to 13 In some examples, a base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0205] At 1605, the base station may transmit a pilot signal for each antenna in the antenna set based on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be as described with reference to Figures 10 to 13 The described pilot signal component is performed.

[0206] At 1610, the base station may receive a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each antenna in the base station's antenna set based on the transmitted pilot signal. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 10 to 13 The described reporting component is executed.

[0207] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0208] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0209] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving pilot signaling associated with IQ mismatch estimates for multiple transmit antennas of a base station; measuring a pilot signal for each of the multiple transmit antennas based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and calculating an IQ mismatch estimate for each of the multiple transmit antennas of the base station based at least in part on measuring the pilot signal.

[0210] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising transmitting a report comprising an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each of the plurality of transmit antennas of the base station.

[0211] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2 further comprises: receiving configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each of the multiple transmit antennas of the base station.

[0212] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3, wherein the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0213] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the pilot signal pattern extends over a bandwidth for the UE.

[0214] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

[0215] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

[0216] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, wherein the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0217] Aspect 9: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 8, further comprising determining an SNR estimate for each of the plurality of transmit antennas of the base station based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling.

[0218] Aspect 10: The method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 9 further includes: determining a channel estimate for each of the multiple transmit antennas of the base station based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling, wherein calculating the IQ mismatch estimate for each of the multiple transmit antennas of the base station is based at least in part on the channel estimate.

[0219] Aspect 11: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: determining a pilot signal pattern for pilot signaling for IQ mismatch estimation of multiple transmit antennas of the base station; transmitting a pilot signal for each of the multiple transmit antennas based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and receiving a report including an indication of the IQ mismatch estimation for each of the multiple transmit antennas of the base station based at least in part on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0220] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 11, wherein the pilot signal pattern is based at least in part on the number of transmit antennas of the base station.

[0221] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 12, further comprising: transmitting configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each of the plurality of transmit antennas of the base station.

[0222] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13, wherein the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0223] Aspect 15: The method as described in Aspect 14 further includes: determining the period associated with the pilot signaling based at least in part on the number of the multiple transmit antennas, the number of transmit antennas associated with the pilot signal per codeword, the number of codewords between each codeword conveying the pilot signal, the codeword offset value relative to the starting codeword, or a combination thereof.

[0224] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 15, wherein the pilot signal pattern extends over a bandwidth for a receiving UE.

[0225] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 16, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

[0226] Aspect 18: The method of Aspect 17, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

[0227] Aspect 19: The method of Aspect 18, wherein the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0228] Aspect 20: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 10.

[0229] Aspect 21: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 1 to 10.

[0230] Aspect 22: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 10.

[0231] Aspect 23: An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a base station, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as in any one of Aspects 11 to 19.

[0232] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of Aspects 11 to 19.

[0233] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 11 to 19.

[0234] The following provides an overview of other aspects of the disclosure:

[0235] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving pilot signaling associated with IQ mismatch estimates for multiple antennas of a base station; and transmitting a report including an indication of or information about in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for each of the multiple antennas of the base station.

[0236] Aspect 2: The method as described in Aspect 1 further includes: measuring the pilot signal of each of the multiple antennas based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; and calculating the in-phase and orthogonal mismatch estimates of each of the multiple antennas of the base station based at least in part on measuring the pilot signal.

[0237] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2 further comprises: receiving configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each antenna of the plurality of antennas of the base station.

[0238] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3, wherein the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0239] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the pilot signal pattern extends over a bandwidth for the UE.

[0240] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

[0241] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

[0242] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, wherein the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0243] Aspect 9: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 8, further comprising determining an SNR estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling.

[0244] Aspect 10: The method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 9 further includes: determining a channel estimate for each of the multiple antennas of the base station based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling, wherein calculating the IQ mismatch estimate for each of the multiple antennas of the base station is based at least in part on the channel estimate.

[0245] Aspect 11: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: transmitting a pilot signal for each of a plurality of antennas based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern of pilot signaling; and receiving a report including an indication of an IQ mismatch estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station or information about the IQ mismatch estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station based at least in part on the transmitted pilot signal.

[0246] Aspect 12: The method according to aspect 11 further comprises: determining a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling for in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimation of the multiple antennas of the base station.

[0247] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 11, wherein the pilot signal pattern is based at least in part on the number of antennas of the base station.

[0248] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 13, further comprising: transmitting configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each antenna of the plurality of antennas of the base station.

[0249] Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, wherein the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

[0250] Aspect 16: The method as described in Aspect 15 further includes: determining the period associated with the pilot signaling based at least in part on the number of the multiple antennas, the number of antennas associated with the pilot signal per codeword, the number of codewords between each codeword conveying the pilot signal, the codeword offset value relative to the starting codeword, or a combination thereof.

[0251] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 16, wherein the pilot signal pattern extends over a bandwidth for a receiving UE.

[0252] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 17, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

[0253] Aspect 19: The method of aspect 17, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation, the frequency bin corresponding to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

[0254] Aspect 20: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 10.

[0255] Aspect 21: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 1 to 10.

[0256] Aspect 22: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 10.

[0257] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to perform the method of any one of aspects 11 to 19.

[0258] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of Aspects 11 to 19.

[0259] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 11 to 19.

[0260] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and the terminology of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used throughout much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0261] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout this description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0262] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0263] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, each function may be stored on or transmitted by a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations fall within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0264] Computer-readable media include both non-transient computer storage media and communication media, including any media that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Non-transient storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer. As an example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or any other non-transient medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer, or a general or special-purpose processor. Similarly, any connection is also properly referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwaves, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwaves are included in the definition of computer-readable media. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0265] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items followed by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Likewise, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be read as referencing a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be read in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0266] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference number. In addition, components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference number with a dash and a second reference number that distinguishes between the similar components. If only the first reference number is used in the specification, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference number, regardless of the second reference number or other subsequent reference numbers.

[0267] The description set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describes example configurations and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or fall within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not mean "better than" or "better than other examples." This detailed description includes specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0268] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving pilot signaling associated with in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for a plurality of antennas of a base station, wherein the pilot signaling is associated with a plurality of the plurality of antennas of the base station; as well as A report is transmitted that includes an indication of or information regarding in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: measuring a pilot signal for each of the plurality of antennas based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; as well as In-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates are calculated for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station based at least in part on measuring the pilot signal.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: Configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each of the multiple antennas of the base station is received.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the pilot signal pattern extends across a bandwidth for the UE.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

9. The method of claim 2, further comprising: A signal-to-noise ratio estimate is determined for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling.

10. The method of claim 2, further comprising: determining a channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling, Wherein calculating in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station is based at least in part on the channel estimate.

11. A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: transmitting a pilot signal for each of a plurality of antennas based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern of pilot signaling, wherein the pilot signaling is associated with a plurality of the plurality of antennas of the base station; as well as A report including an indication of or information regarding in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station is received based at least in part on the transmitted pilot signal.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: A pilot signal pattern for the pilot signaling for in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimation of the multiple antennas of the base station is determined.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the pilot signal pattern is based at least in part on a number of antennas of the base station.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising: Configuration signaling is transmitted to configure the pilot signal pattern for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the configuration signaling includes a period associated with the pilot signaling.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising: The period associated with the pilot signaling is determined based at least in part on the number of the plurality of antennas, the number of antennas associated with the pilot signal per symbol, the number of symbols between symbols conveying the pilot signal, a symbol offset value relative to a starting symbol, or a combination thereof.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein the pilot signal pattern extends across a bandwidth for a receiving user equipment (UE).

18. The method of claim 12, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation, the frequency bin corresponding to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

20. A device for wireless communication, comprising: means for receiving pilot signaling associated with in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for a plurality of antennas of a base station, wherein the pilot signaling is associated with a plurality of the plurality of antennas of the base station; as well as Means for transmitting a report including an indication of or information regarding in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising: means for measuring a pilot signal for each of the plurality of antennas based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling; as well as Means for computing in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station based at least in part on measuring the pilot signal.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising: Means for receiving configuration signaling for configuring the pilot signal pattern for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the configuration signaling comprises a period associated with the pilot signaling.

24. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the pilot signal pattern extends across a bandwidth for the apparatus.

25. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric in bandwidth allocation.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the pilot signal pattern is symmetric with respect to a frequency bin associated with the bandwidth allocation.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the frequency bin corresponds to a center frequency of the bandwidth allocation.

28. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising: means for determining a signal-to-noise ratio estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling.

29. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising: means for determining a channel estimate for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station based at least in part on the pilot signal pattern of the pilot signaling, wherein instructions for calculating in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for each of the plurality of antennas of the base station are further executable by a processor based at least in part on the channel estimate.

30. A device for wireless communication, comprising: means for transmitting a pilot signal for each of a plurality of antennas based at least in part on a pilot signal pattern of pilot signaling, wherein the pilot signaling is associated with a plurality of the plurality of antennas of a base station; as well as Means for receiving a report including an indication of or information regarding in-phase and quadrature mismatch estimates for each of the plurality of antennas of the apparatus based at least in part on the transmitted pilot signal.

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