A modular bridge deck safety protection facility and design method

Abstract

The present invention provides a modular bridge deck safety protection facility and design method, which are arranged on both sides of the bridge, the embedded groove is directly embedded on the bridge deck or embedded on the top of the anti-collision wall, the bottom end of the column is connected to the embedded groove, and a plurality of columns are arranged vertically along the embedded groove; the column cross section is I-shaped, and the left and right sides thereof are provided with grooves; the tops of a plurality of columns are fixedly connected with horizontally arranged column top cross bars; functional module units are connected between adjacent columns, and the functional module units are anti-throwing net module units, sound barrier module units, railing module units or foreign body intrusion alarm module units; the anti-throwing net module unit is an anti-throwing net, the sound barrier module unit is a sound absorbing board, and the railing module unit is a plurality of arranged railings; the foreign body intrusion alarm module unit is a foreign body intrusion alarm device, and the foreign body intrusion alarm device is connected to an external control center. The present invention can meet various protection requirements of different bridges, facilitate centralized production and procurement, and can greatly reduce the project cost after large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering construction, and particularly relates to a modular bridge deck safety protection facility and a design method. Background Art

[0002] China has made remarkable achievements in the construction of highways, municipal roads, and railways. There are numerous elevated bridges in cities, and the situation of highway-railway grade separation is increasing. The engineering environment is becoming more and more complex, and the protection measures are becoming more and more strict. For bridges with highway-railway grade separation, they are usually an important part of the urban scenery, with relatively high requirements for the bridge landscape shape. Moreover, since the bridges pass through high-rise building blocks, the requirements for noise protection are also relatively high. For urban road bridges spanning railways, due to the requirements of railway safety protection under the bridge, it is usually necessary to set up anti-collision walls and install anti-throwing nets. When the bridge is close to environmental noise-sensitive points, it is also necessary to install sound barriers. Coupled with protection measures such as sidewalk railings, the protection measures on the bridge facade are stacked and uneven in height, greatly damaging the urban landscape. If the plots on both sides of the urban bridge have not been developed, it may be necessary to reserve the installation conditions for sound barriers during the design and construction of the bridge. When designing with the load of the sound barrier, the bridge will have deflections and creep that do not conform to the design when the sound barrier is not installed, and how to properly protect and anti-corrode the exposed sound barrier embedded parts has become a difficult problem in design and construction. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to design a bridge deck safety protection facility that can not only meet various protection requirements, but also take into account the bridge landscape, and at the same time can be conveniently replaced and disassembled to meet various maintenance and reservation requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a modular bridge deck safety protection facility and a design method, which are simple and fast to construct, can replace the protection measures without damage, and have an extremely short construction period; at the same time, they can meet various protection requirements of different bridges, are convenient for centralized production and procurement, and can greatly reduce the project cost and save social resources after large-scale production.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a modular bridge deck safety protection facility, which is arranged on both sides of the bridge and includes embedded channels, columns, channel fillers, column top crossbars, and functional module units;

[0006] The embedded channels are embedded on the bridge deck or on the top of the anti-collision wall. The anti-collision wall is fixed on the bridge deck. The embedded channels between the columns are filled with waterproof channel fillers; a column bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the column, and the column bottom plate is connected with the embedded channel. A number of columns are vertically arranged at intervals along the embedded channel; the cross-section of the column is in the shape of an I, and channels are provided on its left and right sides; a horizontally arranged column top crossbar is fixedly connected to the tops of a number of columns;

[0007] Functional module units are connected between adjacent columns, and the functional module units are anti-throwing net module units, sound barrier module units, railing module units or foreign object intrusion alarm module units; the anti-throwing net module unit is an anti-throwing net, the sound barrier module unit is a sound absorbing panel, and the railing module unit is a plurality of arranged railings; the foreign object intrusion alarm module unit is a foreign object intrusion alarm device, and the foreign object intrusion alarm device is connected to an external control center and has a foreign object intrusion alarm function.

[0008] Preferably, the embedded groove is fixed to the top of the crash barrier by anchor rods.

[0009] Preferably, the columns are straight or curved.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-throwing net is clamped between two first angle steels, and the two first angle steels are fixed in the groove of the column by two first fixing bolts respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the sound absorbing plate is sandwiched between a rubber pad and a second angle steel, the second angle steel is fixed in the channel of the column by a second fixing bolt, and the rubber pad is sandwiched between the sound absorbing plate and a side wall of the column channel.

[0012] Preferably, the column base plate and the embedded groove are connected by an anti-falling column anchor bolt assembly, and the anti-falling column anchor bolt assembly includes an anti-falling column anchor bolt, a gasket, and a nut. The anti-falling column anchor bolt is composed of a bolt head and a columnar screw with a thread, and the bolt head is provided with a serrated surface on one side of the screw; the embedded groove is a C-shaped groove with the notch upward, and the lower surface of the top of the embedded groove cooperates with the serrated surface on one side of the bolt head of the anti-falling column anchor bolt, and the screw of the anti-falling column anchor bolt passes through the notch and the column base plate in turn and is fixed by a nut, and a gasket is provided between the nut and the column base plate.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a design and construction method for modular bridge deck safety protection facilities, the method comprising the following steps (the design method for modular bridge deck safety protection facilities comprises steps S1 to S4, and the construction method for modular bridge deck safety protection facilities comprises steps S5 to S8):

[0014] Step S1, determining the type and range of the required functional module units according to the requirements;

[0015] When there is a railway under the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility shall be installed with an anti-throwing net module unit or a foreign object intrusion alarm module unit. The setting range of the anti-throwing net module unit or the foreign object intrusion alarm module unit shall be implemented in accordance with the current railway industry specifications.

[0016] When there are environmentally sensitive points near the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility shall be a sound barrier module unit, and the setting range of the sound barrier module unit shall be determined according to the environmental impact assessment report and the distribution of environmentally sensitive points;

[0017] When there are sidewalks on both sides of the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility shall be a railing module unit;

[0018] There are sections on the bridge that need to reserve sound barrier module units, or sections without protection requirements. In order to maintain the unity of the bridge facade landscape, the functional module units of the modular bridge deck safety protection facilities use railing module units;

[0019] When the bridge is a cable-stayed bridge, the functional module units of the modular bridge deck safety protection facilities on both sides of the cable anchorage area are railing module units;

[0020] Step S2, calculating the load borne by the functional module unit;

[0021] According to each functional module unit determined in step S1, an envelope calculation is performed on the external load borne by the functional module unit; an envelope calculation is performed on the deadweight, wind load, snow load, construction load, and impact load of each functional module unit;

[0022] Step S3, designing columns, embedded channels, column top cross bars, and connectors;

[0023] According to the materials used in each functional module unit and the external load determined in step S2, the embedded grooves, columns, column top cross bars, and connectors are designed. The connectors include components connecting the embedded grooves and the bridge deck or crash barrier, components connecting the embedded grooves and columns, and components connecting the columns and the functional module units. The column spacing, specifications, and size design parameters are determined to ensure that the strength, stiffness, and stability of the columns, embedded grooves, column top cross bars, and connectors can still meet the requirements of relevant specifications under the most unfavorable load conditions;

[0024] Step S4, designing the bridge according to the load of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility;

[0025] Design the bridge according to the installation range of the functional module unit determined in step S1 and the load of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility determined in steps S2 and S3; Step S5, install the embedded channel;

[0026] According to the designed position, during the construction of the beam body or concrete anti-collision wall reinforcement, the embedded groove, anchor rod or anchor steel bar are accurately positioned, and the embedded groove is poured into the concrete;

[0027] Step S6, installing the column;

[0028] According to the position of the upright column designed in step S3, fix the upright column with the anti-dropping upright column anchoring bolt assembly at the corresponding position of the embedded channel; then install a waterproof channel filling in the embedded channel between the upright columns.

[0029] Step S7, install the functional module unit.

[0030] Install the functional module unit and the connecting piece determined in steps S1 and S3 between the upright columns; after the installation of the functional module unit is completed, the cross bar at the top of the column can be installed.

[0031] Step S8, replace the functional module unit.

[0032] If it is necessary to replace the functional module unit, remove the cross bar at the top of the column and loosen the connecting piece, then remove the functional module unit to be replaced; after taking out the channel filling, the anti-dropping upright column anchoring bolt assembly can be loosened and the distance between the upright columns can be adjusted; after the distance between the upright columns is adjusted, a new functional module unit can be installed according to the steps of step S7.

[0033] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] A modular bridge deck safety protection facility and design method provided by the present invention modularize the bridge deck accessory facilities, adopt the same upright column shape and connecting pieces that are convenient for disassembly and replacement, so that the protection measures can be quickly disassembled and replaced without damaging the existing structure when needed. For the need to reserve a sound barrier, upright columns can be installed in advance within the reserved sound barrier length, and railings or decorative pieces can be installed between the upright columns to play the role of pressing the beam body, meeting the reserved requirements with lower cost and maintenance workload, and improving the bridge landscape effect and driving permeability. The construction of the present invention is simple and fast, can replace the protection measures without damage, and has an extremely short construction period. At the same time, it can meet various protection requirements of different bridges, is convenient for centralized production and procurement, and can greatly reduce the project cost and save social resources after large-scale production. Description of the Drawings

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1 It is the design and construction flow chart in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is the overall schematic diagram of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is the exploded view of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the anti-throwing net connecting piece in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a sound barrier connector in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a column in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of an anti-falling column anchor bolt assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 It is a partial schematic diagram of the connection of the columns in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the column connection in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] 101. Anti-collision wall; 102. Embedded channel; 103. Anchor rod; 104. Column; 105. Channel filling; 106. Anti-throw net; 107. Sound-absorbing board; 108. Handrail; 109. Column top cross bar; 110. Anti-fall column anchor bolt; 111. Foreign object intrusion alarm device; 112. First angle steel; 113. First fixing bolt; 114. Rubber pad; 115. Second angle steel; 116. Second fixing bolt; 117. Washer; 118. Nut; 119. Column bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] This embodiment provides a modular bridge deck safety protection facility, which is installed on both sides of the bridge. Figures 1 to 9As shown, it includes a pre-buried groove 102, a column 104, a groove filling 105, a column top cross bar 109, and a functional module unit; the pre-buried groove 102 is pre-buried on the bridge deck or pre-buried on the top of the anti-collision wall 101, and the anti-collision wall 101 is fixed on the bridge deck. In this embodiment, the pre-buried groove 102 is fixed to the top of the anti-collision wall 101 by an anchor rod 103, and the pre-buried groove 102 between the columns 104 is filled with a waterproof groove filling 105; a column bottom plate 119 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the column 104, and the column bottom plate 119 is connected to the pre-buried groove 102, and a plurality of columns 104 are arranged vertically at intervals along the pre-buried groove 102; the column 104 is cross-sectionally The surface is I-shaped, and grooves are provided on the left and right sides; a number of columns 104 are fixedly connected to the tops of horizontally arranged column top cross bars 109; functional module units are connected between adjacent columns 104, and the functional module units are anti-throwing net module units, sound barrier module units, railing module units or foreign object intrusion alarm module units; the anti-throwing net module unit is an anti-throwing net 106, the sound barrier module unit is a sound absorbing panel 107, and the railing module unit is a plurality of arranged railings 108; the foreign object intrusion alarm module unit is a foreign object intrusion alarm device 111, and the foreign object intrusion alarm device 111 is connected to the external control center and has a foreign object intrusion alarm function.

[0049] The column 104 is a straight or curved shape or other special shape, and can be made of steel, or processed in a factory according to the required cross-sectional form. The material can be steel, aluminum alloy, composite material, wood, etc. according to different requirements. In this embodiment, the column 104 is a curved shape, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0050] The embedded channel 102 serves as the foundation of the column 104 and can be embedded in components such as the bridge deck, the crash barrier on the bridge deck, or the foundation during bridge construction. The embedded channel 102 can be welded by reinforcing bars and steel plates or processed from section steel. It is installed and precisely positioned during the binding of the steel bars on the bridge deck or the crash barrier, and is poured into the concrete component together with the steel bars when pouring concrete. The embedded channel 102 can be fixed to the top of the crash barrier 101 through the anchor bolt 103. The embedded channel 102 should have a firm connection structure. The column base plate 119 is connected to the embedded channel 102 through an anti-detachment column anchor bolt assembly. The anti-detachment column anchor bolt assembly includes an anti-detachment column anchor bolt 110, a gasket 117, and a nut 118. The anti-detachment column anchor bolt 110 is composed of a bolt head and a threaded columnar screw rod. One side of the bolt head close to the screw rod is set as a serrated surface. The embedded channel 102 is a C-shaped channel with the notch facing upwards, and the lower surface of the top of the embedded channel 102 is also a serrated surface, which cooperates with the serrated surface on one side of the bolt head of the anti-detachment column anchor bolt 110. The screw rod of the anti-detachment column anchor bolt 110 passes through the notch and the column base plate 119 in sequence and is fixed by the nut 118. A gasket 117 is provided between the nut 118 and the column base plate 119. The column 104 can slide and be fixed in the embedded channel 102 through the anti-detachment column anchor bolt assembly, realizing the loading and unloading of the column 104 and the adjustment of the spacing. The connection strength of the anti-detachment column anchor bolt assembly should meet the force requirements of the components. The waterproof channel filling 105 should be installed synchronously when installing the embedded channel 102 to ensure the durability of the embedded channel 102.

[0051] The specifications, models, and spacing of the corresponding column 104 and the embedded channel 102 should be determined by calculation according to the different working conditions during the use of different functional module units.

[0052] The column 104 serves to support the functional module unit. It is installed on the embedded channel 102 through the anti-detachment column anchor bolt assembly or can be directly welded to the embedded channel 102. Holes for installing components connecting the column 104 and the functional module unit can be reserved on the column 104. The holes can be fixed or movable, or no holes can be reserved on the column 104, and the top-fixed method can be adopted. When using fixed holes, the corresponding functional module unit should also adopt the same installation holes, and the components connecting the column 104 and the functional module unit install the functional module unit through the fixed holes. When using movable holes, installation channels should be opened on the side walls of the channels on both sides of the column 104, and the components connecting the column 104 and the functional module unit can slide in the installation channels, facilitating the flexible adjustment of the spacing and position of the components connecting the column 104 and the functional module unit according to different functional module units. In this embodiment, no holes are reserved on the column 104.

[0053] The components connecting the vertical column 104 and the functional module unit vary according to the different functional module units to be connected, and can be composed of sleeve bolts, tie bolts, steel bars, steel wires, gaskets, section steels, cushion blocks, etc. In this embodiment, the anti-throwing net 106 is clamped between two first angle steels 112, and the two first angle steels 112 are respectively fixed in the channel of the vertical column 104 through two first fixing bolts 113. The sound-absorbing panel 107 is clamped between the rubber cushion plate 114 and the second angle steel 115, and the second angle steel 115 is fixed in the channel of the vertical column 104 through the second fixing bolt 116, and the rubber cushion plate 114 is clamped between the sound-absorbing panel 107 and the side wall of the channel of the vertical column 104. The foreign object intrusion alarm device 111 is fixed between adjacent vertical columns 104 in the same way as the sound-absorbing panel 107.

[0054] When implementing the functional module unit, the bridge can be sectioned according to the environment under and around the bridge. For example, for the spans crossing the railway, consider installing the anti-throwing net module unit or the foreign object intrusion alarm module unit; install the sound barrier module unit at the environmentally sensitive points; install the railing module unit in the cable anchorage area of the cable-stayed bridge; install the railing module unit (for protection) on both sides of the sidewalk. For the sections where the sound barrier module unit needs to be reserved, in order to maintain the unity of the bridge facade landscape, consider installing the railing module unit, and then remove the railing module unit and replace it with the sound barrier module unit when the sound barrier needs to be installed later. When the protection facilities need to be repaired or replaced, the damaged functional module unit can also be removed for repair and replacement.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a design and construction method for the modular bridge deck safety protection facility, as Figures 1 to 7 shown, the method includes the following steps (the design method of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility includes steps S1 to S4, and the construction method of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility includes steps S5 to S8):

[0056] Step S1, determine the types and scopes of the required functional module units according to the requirements.

[0057] When there is a railway under the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility selects to install the anti-throwing net module unit or the foreign object intrusion alarm module unit, and the setting scope of the anti-throwing net module unit or the foreign object intrusion module unit is implemented according to the requirements of the current railway industry specifications.

[0058] When there are environmentally sensitive points near the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility selects the sound barrier module unit, and the setting scope of the sound barrier module unit is determined according to the environmental impact assessment report and the distribution of environmentally sensitive points.

[0059] When there are sidewalks on both sides of the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility selects the railing module unit.

[0060] There are sections on the bridge that need to reserve sound barrier module units, or sections without protection requirements. In order to maintain the unity of the bridge facade landscape, the functional module units of the modular bridge deck safety protection facilities use railing module units.

[0061] When the bridge is a cable-stayed bridge, the functional module units of the modular bridge deck safety protection facilities on both sides of the cable anchorage area are railing module units.

[0062] Step S2, calculating the load borne by the functional module unit.

[0063] According to each functional module unit determined in step S1, an envelope calculation is performed on the external load borne by the functional module unit; since the deadweight, cross-sectional area, and external force conditions of each protective device are different, an envelope calculation is performed on the deadweight, wind load, snow load, construction load, and impact load of each functional module unit.

[0064] Step S3, designing the columns 104, the embedded channels 102, the column top cross bars 109, and the connectors.

[0065] According to the materials used in each functional module unit and the external load determined in step S2, the embedded groove 102, the column 104, the column top cross bar 109, and the connecting parts are designed. The connecting parts include components connecting the embedded groove 102 and the bridge deck or crash barrier 101, components connecting the embedded groove 102 and the column 104, and components connecting the column 104 and the functional module unit. The spacing, specifications, and size design parameters of the columns 104 are determined to ensure that the strength, rigidity, and stability of the columns 104, the embedded groove 102, the column top cross bar 109, and the connecting parts can still meet the relevant specifications under the most unfavorable load conditions; if the loads of the module units differ greatly, such as the reserved sound barrier is in the form of a fully enclosed sound barrier, the corresponding columns 104, embedded grooves 102, column top cross bars 109, and connecting parts of the module units with large load differences are designed separately, and the corresponding columns and modules are replaced at the same time when the sound barrier is installed later to avoid design redundancy.

[0066] Step S4, designing the bridge according to the load of the modular bridge deck safety protection facilities.

[0067] The bridge design is performed according to the installation range of the functional module unit determined in step S1 and the load of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility determined in steps S2 and S3. If the functional module unit installed in a partial range is clear, the design is performed according to the load of the functional module unit.

[0068] Step S5, installing the embedded channel 102.

[0069] According to the designed position, during the construction of the steel bars of the beam body or the concrete anti-collision wall 101, after accurately positioning the embedded channel 102, the anchor rod 103 or the anchor reinforcement, the embedded channel 102 is poured into the concrete.

[0070] Step S6, install the column 104.

[0071] According to the position of the column 104 designed in step S3, fix the column 104 with the anti-dropping column anchoring bolt assembly at the corresponding position of the embedded channel 102; then install the waterproof channel filling 105 between the embedded channels 104.

[0072] Step S7, install the functional module unit.

[0073] Install the functional module unit and the connecting piece determined in steps S1 and S3 between the columns 104; after the installation of the functional module unit is completed, the top cross bar 109 of the column can be installed.

[0074] Step S8, replace the functional module unit.

[0075] If it is necessary to replace the functional module unit, disassemble the top cross bar 109 of the column and loosen the connecting piece, and then remove the functional module unit to be replaced; after taking out the channel filling 105, the anti-dropping column anchoring bolt assembly can be loosened and the distance between the columns 104 can be adjusted; after the distance between the columns 104 is adjusted, the new functional module unit can be installed according to the steps of step S7.

[0076] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail through examples, but the content described is only an exemplary embodiment of the embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered as being used to limit the implementation scope of the embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention is defined by the claims. All those who use the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, or those skilled in the art inspired by the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, within the essence and protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention, design similar technical solutions to achieve the above technical effects, or make equivalent changes and improvements to the application scope, etc., should still fall within the scope of patent coverage of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular bridge deck safety protection facility is provided on both sides of the bridge, and is characterized in that, It includes a pre-buried channel (102), a column (104), a channel filler (105), a column top crossbar (109), and a functional module unit; The embedded channel (102) is embedded in the bridge deck or embedded in the top of the anti-collision wall (101), the anti-collision wall (101) is fixed on the bridge deck, and the embedded channel (102) between the columns (104) is filled with a waterproof channel filling (105); the bottom end of the column (104) is fixedly provided with a column bottom plate (119), the column bottom plate (119) is connected to the embedded channel (102), and a plurality of columns (104) are vertically spaced along the embedded channel (102); the cross section of the column (104) is an I-shaped column, and channels are provided on the left and right sides thereof; the tops of the plurality of columns (104) are fixedly connected with horizontally arranged column top cross bars (109); Functional module units are connected between adjacent columns (104), and the functional module units are anti-throwing net module units, sound barrier module units, railing module units or foreign object intrusion alarm module units; the anti-throwing net module unit is an anti-throwing net (106), the sound barrier module unit is a sound absorbing board (107), and the railing module unit is a plurality of railings (108) arranged in an array; the foreign object intrusion alarm module unit is a foreign object intrusion alarm device (111), and the foreign object intrusion alarm device (111) is connected to an external control center and has a foreign object intrusion alarm function.

2. The modular bridge deck safety protection facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The embedded channel (102) is fixed to the top of the anti-collision wall (101) through an anchor rod (103).

3. The modular bridge deck safety protection facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upright column (104) is of a straight line or a curved line.

4. The modular bridge deck safety protection facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-throwing net (106) is sandwiched between two first angle steels (112), and the two first angle steels (112) are respectively fixed in the groove of the column (104) by two first fixing bolts (113).

5. The modular bridge deck safety protection facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound absorbing plate (107) is sandwiched between the rubber pad (114) and the second angle steel (115); the second angle steel (115) is fixed in the channel of the column (104) by a second fixing bolt (116); and the rubber pad (114) is sandwiched between the sound absorbing plate (107) and the side wall of the channel of the column (104).

6. The modular bridge deck safety protection facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column base plate (119) is connected to the embedded channel (102) through an anti-falling column anchor bolt assembly, and the anti-falling column anchor bolt assembly includes an anti-falling column anchor bolt (110), a gasket (117), and a nut (118). The anti-falling column anchor bolt (110) is composed of a bolt head and a columnar screw with a thread, and a serrated surface is provided on the side of the bolt head close to the screw; the embedded channel (102) is a C-shaped groove with the notch upward, and the lower surface of the top of the embedded channel (102) cooperates with the serrated surface on one side of the bolt head of the anti-falling column anchor bolt (110); the screw of the anti-falling column anchor bolt (110) passes through the notch and the column base plate (119) in sequence and is fixed by the nut (118), and a gasket (117) is provided between the nut (118) and the column base plate (119).

7. A design method for the modular bridge deck safety protection facility according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, determining the type and range of the required functional module units according to the requirements; When there is a railway under the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility shall be installed with an anti-throwing net module unit or a foreign object intrusion alarm module unit. The setting range of the anti-throwing net module unit or the foreign object intrusion alarm module unit shall be implemented in accordance with the current railway industry specifications. When there are environmentally sensitive points near the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility shall be a sound barrier module unit, and the setting range of the sound barrier module unit shall be determined according to the environmental impact assessment report and the distribution of environmentally sensitive points; When there are sidewalks on both sides of the bridge, the functional module unit of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility shall be a railing module unit; There are sections on the bridge that need to reserve sound barrier module units, or sections without protection requirements. In order to maintain the unity of the bridge facade landscape, the functional module units of the modular bridge deck safety protection facilities use railing module units; When the bridge is a cable-stayed bridge, the functional module units of the modular bridge deck safety protection facilities on both sides of the cable anchorage area are railing module units; Step S2, calculating the load borne by the functional module unit; According to each functional module unit determined in step S1, an envelope calculation is performed on the external load borne by the functional module unit; an envelope calculation is performed on the deadweight, wind load, snow load, construction load, and impact load of each functional module unit; Step S3, designing the columns (104), the embedded channels (102), the column top cross bars (109), and the connectors; According to the materials used in each functional module unit and the external load determined in step S2, the embedded channel (102), the column (104), the column top cross bar (109), and the connecting parts are designed, wherein the connecting parts include a component connecting the embedded channel (102) and the bridge deck or the crash barrier (101), a component connecting the embedded channel (102) and the column (104), and a component connecting the column (104) and the functional module unit, and the spacing, specifications, and size design parameters of the column (104) are determined to ensure that the strength, rigidity, and stability of the column (104), the embedded channel (102), the column top cross bar (109), and the connecting parts can still meet the requirements of relevant specifications under the most unfavorable load conditions; Step S4, designing the bridge according to the load of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility; The bridge design is performed according to the installation range of the functional module unit determined in step S1 and the load of the modular bridge deck safety protection facility determined in steps S2 and S3.

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