Tool for disassembling and assembling a vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a tool for disassembling and assembling a vehicle, belonging to the technical field of vehicle disassembling and assembling equipment. Its technical solution is as follows: it includes a base, a lifting frame arranged on the base, an upper clamping arm arranged on the lifting frame, and lower clamping arms symmetrically arranged on the base and located on both sides of the upper clamping arm; the outer end of the upper clamping arm is provided with a lifting arm; the outer end of the lower clamping arm is provided with a slot for placing the edge of the component; the base is provided with a lifting rod inserted into the component mounting hole, and the lifting rod is parallel to the base. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: through the control force that conforms to ergonomics, the auxiliary disassembly and assembly of various vehicles, especially the large components of the moving device and the large components of the transmission system of special vehicles can be completed; the tool can be installed on the corresponding mobile equipment or mechanical arm to realize the disassembly, installation and transportation of vehicle wheels, tires, reducers, balance elbows, crank arms and other components; in order to ensure safety, the hydraulic rod on the tool also has a power failure protection unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle disassembly and assembly equipment, and in particular relates to a tool for vehicle disassembly and assembly. Background Art

[0002] Vehicle repair and maintenance require the disassembly and assembly of vehicle components. These components primarily include tires, wheels, and reducers; special vehicles also include driving wheels, road wheels, balancing arms, idlers, crank arms, and side reducers. These components are large and heavy, making manual operation time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, a tooling system was designed to assist in the positioning of these large components during disassembly and assembly during repair and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle disassembly and assembly tool that can complete the auxiliary disassembly and assembly of various vehicles, especially large components of special vehicle movement devices and transmission system components, through ergonomic control force.

[0004] The present invention is achieved by the following measures: A tool for disassembling and assembling a vehicle, characterized by comprising a base, a lifting frame arranged on the base, an upper clamping arm arranged on the lifting frame, and lower clamping arms symmetrically arranged on the base and located on both sides of the upper clamping arm;

[0005] The outer end of the upper clamping arm is provided with a suspension arm, and the side wall of the suspension arm is provided with a plurality of suspension posts that can be plugged into the mounting holes; the outer end of the lower clamping arm is provided with a slot for placing the edge of the component;

[0006] The suspension column is provided with a through hole, and the side reducer can be temporarily fixed by passing a bolt through the through hole and the flange mounting hole;

[0007] The base is provided with a picking rod inserted into the component mounting hole, and the picking rod is parallel to the base.

[0008] The upper and lower clamping arms can be used to clamp circular components. The circular component contacts the upper and two lower clamping arms to form a three-point positioning, thereby achieving the clamping of the circular component. Circular components generally include driving wheels, road wheels, idler wheels, tires, flanges, etc.

[0009] The slot is used to place the edge of the component, such as the flange edge of the side reducer. When disassembling and assembling the side reducer, the flange edge can be placed in the slot, and then the upper end is clamped by the upper clamping arm. In addition, when disassembling and assembling the side reducer, it can also be achieved by cooperating with the lifting arm and the lower clamping arm. The flange edge is still placed in the slot, and the lifting column of the lifting arm is inserted into the mounting hole of the flange to realize the disassembly and assembly of the side reducer.

[0010] Because the balancing elbow and curved arm are irregularly shaped, finding the balance point is difficult with a standard clamp. Therefore, a simple pick rod is used in conjunction with the upper clamp arm to facilitate assembly and disassembly of the balancing elbow and curved arm. During use, the pick rod is inserted into the holes in the balancing elbow and curved arm, and then clamped with the upper clamp arm to prevent the balancing elbow and curved arm from falling off.

[0011] The lower clamping arm is a column, and when it is a column, a round rod is generally used.

[0012] Alternatively, the lower clamping arm includes a sleeve and a fork rod disposed in the sleeve, with limit rings fixedly disposed at both ends of the fork rod and two spring retaining rings sleeved in the middle, a spring sleeved on the fork rod and located between the limit ring and the spring retaining ring, a plurality of protrusions fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the sleeve and located between the two spring retaining rings, the protrusions being clamped between the two spring retaining rings, and a gap being provided between the sleeve and the spring;

[0013] The spring is not subject to external force, and the sleeve and the fork rod are concentrically arranged;

[0014] The outer end of the fork rod is provided with a cone, the larger end of which is connected to the fork rod. The slot is formed between the cone and the sleeve. The edges of the slot are chamfered. The slot is a recessed area between the cone and the sleeve. When the flange edge is placed in the slot, the slot width is generally smaller than the flange edge width. The flange edge can squeeze the sleeve, and the protrusion presses the spring to adjust the slot width, which is then clamped by the spring. Under normal circumstances, the slot width is 15mm.

[0015] The protrusions are spherical protrusions, and there are at least 6 spherical protrusions evenly distributed around the circumference. The spherical protrusions can reduce the contact area with the fork rod and make the rotation of the sleeve more convenient.

[0016] Since the cooperation between the lower clamping arm and the upper clamping arm is not only used for the disassembly of components, but also for the assembly of components, when installing circular components such as driving wheels, road wheels, idlers, tires, etc., the mounting holes need to be aligned, so the structure of the lower clamping arm is specially designed. When the circular component is sleeved on the sleeve, the sleeve and the fork rod are sleeved, so the circular component can rotate on the two sleeves. The use of spherical protrusions allows point contact between the spherical protrusion and the fork rod, reducing frictional resistance during rotation. There are at least 6 spherical protrusions, which can ensure that at least three are in contact with the fork rod, increasing stability. The spherical protrusions are generally steel balls.

[0017] Furthermore, when installing a wheel, a certain degree of wiggle is sometimes required to facilitate alignment of the wheel with the mounting shaft. Without this wiggle angle, the installer would need to exert considerable force to tilt the wheel forward or backward. Currently, several protrusions are designed in the center of the sleeve, allowing the sleeve to tilt forward or backward at a certain angle on the fork rod, typically about 2 degrees. Specifically, when a heavy wheel is placed on the sleeve, with most of the wheel's weight at the front end of the sleeve, there is a gap between the sleeve and the fork rod. The front end of the sleeve moves downward, using the protrusion as a fulcrum. The protrusion on the sleeve presses against the spring via a spring retaining ring. This allows the installer to easily tilt the wheel backward to align with the mounting shaft by controlling the force applied to the wheel on the sleeve. Similarly, when the main weight of the wheel is at the rear end of the sleeve, the rear end of the sleeve moves downward, using the protrusion as a fulcrum. The protrusion on the sleeve presses against the spring via a spring retaining ring. This allows the installer to easily tilt the wheel forward to align with the mounting shaft.

[0018] The lifting frame includes a mounting seat and a driving mechanism for driving the mounting seat to move up and down, wherein the driving mechanism is a telescopic rod, a cylinder of the telescopic rod is arranged on the base, a push rod of the telescopic rod is arranged on the mounting seat, and the upper clamping arm is arranged on the mounting seat;

[0019] A guide seat for the push rod is also provided on the base. The guide seat is arranged on the periphery of the hydraulic cylinder, and the picking rod is arranged on the guide seat.

[0020] The telescopic rod is a hydraulic rod in a hydraulic system, which also includes an oil cylinder and a control oil circuit for controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod. The control oil circuit is provided with a three-position four-way solenoid valve for controlling the reversing of the hydraulic oil and a power failure protection unit. The control oil circuit is connected to the oil tank through a hydraulic pump;

[0021] The power failure protection unit includes a solenoid valve 1 and a solenoid valve 2 connected in series between the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder and the three-position four-way solenoid valve, a bypass with a damping orifice is connected in parallel at both ends of the solenoid valve 1, and both the solenoid valve 1 and the solenoid valve 2 are two-position solenoid valves;

[0022] Once the solenoid valve loses power and is closed, the oil in the rodless chamber can only flow through the damping hole; the damping hole is Ø0.3mm, and the oil flow through the hole is very small. At an oil pressure of 10MPa, the pressure oil flow through the damping hole is about 3ml / s. At this time, the lifting speed of the hydraulic rod is about 1mm / s, and power-off protection is achieved by reducing the lifting speed.

[0023] The solenoid valve 2 loses power, the solenoid valve 2 is closed, and the oil in the rodless chamber cannot flow;

[0024] The solenoid valve 1 and the solenoid valve 2 are energized, and both the solenoid valve 1 and the solenoid valve 2 are in an open state.

[0025] The power failure protection unit further includes a solenoid valve 3 connected in series between the rod chamber of the oil cylinder and the three-position four-way solenoid valve, wherein the solenoid valve 3 is a two-position solenoid valve;

[0026] The solenoid valve is three-way energized, and the solenoid valve is three-way connected with a rod chamber and a three-position four-way solenoid valve;

[0027] When the solenoid valve 3 loses power, the solenoid valve 3 connects the rod chamber and the rodless chamber. When the hydraulic rod loses power at a high position, the hydraulic rod descends under the action of a heavy object, allowing the oil in the rod chamber and the rodless chamber to connect, so that the pressure on both sides of the piston is kept as balanced as possible.

[0028] It also includes an energy storage unit, which includes an energy storage pipeline connected in parallel between the second solenoid valve and the oil outlet end of the hydraulic pump;

[0029] The energy storage pipeline is connected in series with a solenoid valve 4 and a solenoid valve 5, an accumulator is provided between the solenoid valve 4 and the solenoid valve 5, and the solenoid valve 4 and the solenoid valve 5 are both two-position solenoid valves;

[0030] When the solenoid valve 4 is powered on, the accumulator and the oil tank are in bidirectional communication; when the solenoid valve 4 is powered off, the solenoid valve 4 is in unidirectional communication, and the oil in the oil tank can only flow toward the accumulator;

[0031] When the electromagnetic valve five is powered on, the oil in the accumulator flows to the electromagnetic valve one; when the electromagnetic valve five is powered off, the oil in the accumulator cannot flow to the electromagnetic valve one.

[0032] The accumulators are provided with two in parallel. Generally, a bladder type accumulator is adopted.

[0033] A starting pump or a manual pump is connected in parallel between the oil outlet end of the hydraulic pump and the oil tank.

[0034] Therefore, when the tool loses power, all solenoid valves lose power. If the hydraulic rod is holding the component in the high position, the upper clamp arm will stop in place, preventing the component from falling due to power loss and causing danger to the components and personnel. The solenoid valves 1 and 2 are integrated in series in the control oil circuit to form a double insurance. If one solenoid valve fails, the other will also ensure that the high-positioned component will not automatically and rapidly fall, preventing danger to components and personnel.

[0035] When the power is lost, the components stopped at a high position can be slowly lowered by pulling the manual lever on the solenoid valve to allow the oil in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder to slowly flow back to the oil tank.

[0036] The accumulator mainly provides hydraulic oil for the rapid rise of the hydraulic rod, and also provides hydraulic oil for the silent operation of the entire oil supply system.

[0037] The oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is provided with an oil pressure sensor, which transmits a signal to a control system. The control system can compare the signal with a predetermined threshold value to control the start and stop of the hydraulic rod, and also includes a buzzer connected to the control system.

[0038] The lifting rod is rotatably mounted on the guide base. The lifting rod can only be rotated upward 90 degrees. A limiting groove is provided on the upper portion of the guide base for engaging the lifting rod. The lifting rod is engaged in the limiting groove for easy storage without affecting the normal use of the upper clamping arm. A baffle is provided on the guide base to prevent the lifting rod from rotating downward.

[0039] The upper clamping arm is L-shaped, with its vertical portion mounted on the lifting frame. The horizontal portion of the upper clamping arm can be positioned directly above or below the vertical portion, with the boom mounted on the horizontal portion. When the horizontal portion is positioned directly above or below the vertical portion, the outer ends of the vertical portions can be connected to the lifting frame via latches or bolts. The upper clamping arm is L-shaped, and when the upper clamping arm rotates 180 degrees, the distance between the horizontal portion and the lower clamping arm changes, facilitating assembly and disassembly of components of varying sizes and assisting in their handling.

[0040] The horizontal portion is hinged to the vertical portion and is fixed to the vertical portion by pins or bolts in both the horizontal and vertical positions. The horizontal portion is provided with mounting holes on both sides of the hinge axis, and the vertical portion is provided with upper and lower connecting holes that match the mounting holes. The lower connecting hole corresponds to one mounting hole when the horizontal portion is in the horizontal position, and the upper connecting hole corresponds to the other mounting hole when the horizontal portion is in the vertical position.

[0041] The upper clamping arm is in a foldable form. When not in use, the horizontal part can be rotated 90 degrees around the hinge axis and retracted into the vertical part, and then fixed with a positioning pin or bolt, reducing interference with other operations.

[0042] The suspension arm is detachably mounted on the upper clamping arm;

[0043] The upper clamping arm is symmetrically provided with notches for placing the boom, and the boom is provided with a ring body hung on the notch. The boom is hung at the notch, which restricts the movement of the boom and facilitates installation.

[0044] or the boom is connected to the upper clamping arm via a pin;

[0045] Or the boom is connected to the upper clamping arm via bolts. The pins or bolts are used for rigid connection, thereby improving safety.

[0046] The lower clamping arm is fixed on the base;

[0047] Or plugged into the base, the lower clamping arm is plugged into the base, a plug-in board is provided on the lower clamping arm, a slot matching the plug-in board is provided on the base, and a plurality of slots are provided at intervals.

[0048] The base is provided with a plurality of bosses for placing the lower clamping arms, and the bosses are provided with notches matching the lower clamping arms.

[0049] The lower end of the boom is an arc-shaped portion, and the suspension column is arranged on the side wall of the arc-shaped portion. The arc-shaped portion is an inferior arc or a superior arc, and the inferior arc or the superior arc is used for different side reducers.

[0050] A mobile device for vehicle assembly and disassembly, comprising the aforementioned vehicle assembly and disassembly tooling. The mobile device is preferably mounted on a vehicle with a lifting structure, such as a forklift, with the base fixed to the forklift's mast, typically the inner mast. Alternatively, the base can be mounted directly on the frame of an ordinary vehicle.

[0051] A vehicle disassembly and assembly robot is characterized by comprising the above-mentioned vehicle disassembly and assembly tooling and a robot arm for driving the tooling to move, wherein the lifting frame is generally fixed to the working end of the robot arm.

[0052] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: through ergonomic control force, the auxiliary disassembly and assembly of various vehicles, especially large components of special vehicle moving devices and transmission systems, can be completed; the clamping of vehicle wheels and tires is achieved through the cooperation of the upper clamping arm and the lower clamping arm; the clamping of the vehicle balance elbow and the curved arm is achieved through the cooperation of the upper clamping arm and the picking rod, and the fixation of the side reducer is achieved through the cooperation of the lifting arm and the lower clamping arm; the tooling is installed on the corresponding mobile equipment or mechanical arm to realize the auxiliary disassembly, installation and transportation of components such as wheels, tires, reducers, balance elbows, and curved arms; in order to ensure safety, the hydraulic rod on the tooling is also provided with a corresponding power failure protection unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a structure with an upper clamping arm and a lower clamping arm;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a structure with a pick rod and an upper clamping arm;

[0055] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper clamping arm;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the boom;

[0057] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower clamping arm;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the casing leaning forward;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the casing leaning back;

[0060] Figure 8 The oil circuit diagram for the hydraulic rod that drives the lifting frame;

[0061] Figure 9 This is the oil circuit diagram for power failure protection;

[0062] Figure 10 This is the diagram of the energy storage oil circuit;

[0063] Among them, the figure marks are: 1, base; 2, lower clamping arm; 3, lifting frame; 4, upper clamping arm; 5, lifting arm; 7, picking rod; 8, guide seat; 101, boss; 102, notch; 103, slot; 201, plug-in board; 202, sleeve; 203, fork rod; 204, limit ring body 1; 205, limit ring body 2; 206, spring; 207, spring retaining ring; 208, protrusion; 209, cone; 210, slot; 301, oil Cylinder; 302, mounting seat; 401, vertical portion; 402, horizontal portion; 403, notch; 404, hinge shaft; 405, pin; 501, suspension column; 502, through hole; 503, ring body; 701, limit groove; ST7, three-position four-way solenoid valve; ST17, solenoid valve one; ST19, solenoid valve two; ST18, solenoid valve three; ST15, solenoid valve four; ST14, solenoid valve five; X1, accumulator one; X2, accumulator two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through specific implementation methods.

[0065] Example 1:

[0066] See also Figure 1-7 A tool for disassembling and assembling a vehicle comprises a base 1, a lifting frame 3 arranged on the base 1, an upper clamping arm 4 arranged on the lifting frame 3, and lower clamping arms 2 symmetrically arranged on the base 1 and located on both sides of the upper clamping arm 4;

[0067] The outer end of the upper clamping arm 4 is provided with a suspension arm 5, and the side wall of the suspension arm 5 is provided with a plurality of suspension posts 501 that can be plugged into the component mounting holes; the outer end of the lower clamping arm 2 is provided with a slot 210 for placing the edge of the component;

[0068] The hanging column 501 is provided with a through hole 502, and the side reducer can be temporarily fixed by passing a bolt through the through hole 502 and the flange mounting hole;

[0069] The base 1 is provided with a lifting rod 7 which is inserted into the component mounting hole, and the lifting rod 7 is parallel to the base 1 .

[0070] The upper clamping arm 4 and the lower clamping arm 2 cooperate to clamp circular components. The circular component contacts the upper clamping arm 4 and the two lower clamping arms 2 to form a three-point positioning, thereby achieving the clamping of the circular component. Circular components generally include driving wheels, load-bearing wheels, idler wheels, tires, flanges, etc.

[0071] The slot 210 is used to place the edge of the component, such as the flange edge of the side reducer. When disassembling and assembling the side reducer, the flange edge can be placed in the slot 210, and then the upper end is clamped by the upper clamping arm 4; in addition, when disassembling and assembling the side reducer, it can also be achieved by cooperating with the lifting arm 5 and the lower clamping arm 2. The flange edge is still placed in the slot 210, and the suspension column 501 of the lifting arm 5 is inserted into the mounting hole of the flange, so as to realize the disassembly and assembly of the side reducer.

[0072] Because the balancing elbow and the curved arm are irregularly shaped, finding the balance point is difficult with a standard clamp. Therefore, a simple lifting rod 7 is provided. The lifting rod 7 and the upper clamping arm 4 are used together to facilitate assembly and disassembly of the balancing elbow and the curved arm. During use, the lifting rod 7 is inserted into the mounting hole on the balancing elbow or the curved arm, and then clamped with the upper clamping arm 4 to prevent the balancing elbow or the curved arm from falling off.

[0073] The lower clamping arm 2 is a column, and when it is a column, a round rod is generally used.

[0074] Alternatively, the lower clamping arm 2 includes a sleeve 202 and a fork rod 203 disposed in the sleeve 202, with limit rings fixedly disposed at both ends of the fork rod 203, namely a limit ring body 1 204 and a limit ring body 2 205, two spring retaining rings 207 being sleeved in the middle, a spring 206 being sleeved on the fork rod 203 and located between the limit rings and the spring retaining rings 207, a plurality of protrusions 208 being fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the sleeve 202 and located between the two spring retaining rings 207, the protrusions 208 being clamped between the two spring retaining rings 207, and a gap being provided between the sleeve 202 and the spring 206;

[0075] The spring 206 is not subject to external forces, and the sleeve 202 and the fork rod 203 are concentrically arranged;

[0076] The outer end of the fork rod 203 is provided with a cone 209. The larger end of cone 209 is connected to the fork rod 203, forming a slot 210 between cone 209 and sleeve 202. The edges of slot 210 are chamfered. Slot 210 is a recessed area between cone 209 and sleeve 202. When the flange edge is placed within slot 210, the width of slot 210 is generally smaller than the thickness of the flange edge, allowing the flange edge to squeeze the sleeve 202. The width of slot 210 is adjusted by pressing spring 206 via protrusion 208, and then the spring clamps the sleeve 202. Under normal circumstances, the width of slot 210 is 15 mm.

[0077] The protrusions 208 are spherical protrusions 208 , and there are at least six spherical protrusions 208 evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0078] Since the cooperation between the lower clamping arm 2 and the upper clamping arm 4 is not only used for the disassembly of components, but also for the assembly of components, when installing circular components such as driving wheels, road wheels, idlers, tires, etc., the mounting holes need to be aligned, so the structure of the lower clamping arm 2 is specially designed. When the circular component is sleeved on the sleeve 202, the sleeve 202 and the fork rod 203 are sleeved, so the circular component can rotate on the two sleeves 202. The spherical protrusion 208 is used to make point contact between the spherical protrusion 208 and the fork rod 203, reducing the friction resistance during rotation. There are at least 6 spherical protrusions 208, which can ensure that at least three are in contact with the fork rod 203, increasing stability. The spherical protrusion 208 is generally a steel ball.

[0079] In addition, when installing a wheel, it is sometimes necessary to have a certain angle of rocking forward and backward to facilitate the alignment of the wheel with the installation axis. If there is no rocking angle, the installer will need to use a lot of force to move the wheel forward or backward by an angle. Now, a number of protrusions 208 are designed in the middle of the sleeve 202, so that the sleeve 202 can tilt forward or backward by a certain angle, which is generally 2 degrees, on the fork rod 203. Specifically, when a heavy wheel is placed on the sleeve 202, most of the weight of the wheel is at the front end of the sleeve 202. There is a gap between the sleeve 202 and the fork rod 203, and the front end of the sleeve 202 will move downward with the protrusion 208 as the fulcrum. The protrusion 208 on the sleeve 202 will press the spring 206 through the spring retaining ring 207. Therefore, the installer can easily tilt the wheel backward to align with the installation axis by controlling the force applied to the wheel on the sleeve 202. Similarly, when the main weight of the wheel acts on the rear end of the sleeve 202, the rear end of the sleeve 202 will move downward with the protrusion 208 as the fulcrum, and the protrusion 208 on the sleeve 202 will press the spring 206 through the spring ring 207. At this time, the installer can easily tilt the wheel forward to align with the installation axis.

[0080] The lifting frame 3 includes a mounting base 302 and a driving mechanism for driving the mounting base 302 to move up and down. The driving mechanism is a telescopic rod. The cylinder of the telescopic rod is set on the base 1. The push rod of the telescopic rod is set on the mounting base 302. The upper clamping arm 4 is set on the mounting base 302.

[0081] A guide seat 8 for a push rod is also provided on the base 1 . The guide seat 8 is arranged on the periphery of the hydraulic cylinder 301 , and the lifting rod 7 is arranged on the guide seat 8 .

[0082] The pick rod 7 is rotatably mounted on the guide base 8. The pick rod 7 can only be rotated upward 90 degrees. A limit groove 701 is provided on the upper portion of the guide base 8 for receiving the pick rod 7. The pick rod 7 is received in the limit groove 701 for easy storage without affecting the normal use of the upper clamping arm 4. A baffle is provided on the guide base 8 to prevent the pick rod 7 from rotating downward.

[0083] The upper clamping arm 4 is L-shaped. Its vertical portion 401 is mounted on the lifting frame 3. The horizontal portion 402 of the upper clamping arm 4 can be positioned directly above or below the vertical portion 401. The boom 5 is mounted on the horizontal portion 402. When the horizontal portion 402 is positioned directly above or below the vertical portion 401, the outer end of the vertical portion 401 can be connected to the lifting frame 3 via a latch or bolt. The L-shaped upper clamping arm 4 changes the distance between the horizontal portion 402 and the lower clamping arm 2 when the upper clamping arm 4 rotates 180 degrees, facilitating assembly and disassembly of components of varying sizes and facilitating handling.

[0084] The horizontal portion 402 is hinged to the vertical portion 401 via a hinge shaft 404. The horizontal portion 402 is fixed to the vertical portion 401 via pins 405 or bolts in both the horizontal and vertical positions. The horizontal portion 402 is provided with mounting holes on both sides of the hinge shaft 404. The vertical portion 401 is provided with upper and lower connecting holes that match the mounting holes. The lower connecting hole corresponds to one mounting hole when the horizontal portion 402 is in the horizontal position, and the upper connecting hole corresponds to the other mounting hole when the horizontal portion 402 is in the vertical position.

[0085] The upper clamping arm 4 is foldable. When not in use, the horizontal portion 402 can be rotated 90 degrees around the hinge shaft 404 and retracted into the vertical portion 401, and then fixed with a positioning pin 405 or bolts, reducing interference with other operations.

[0086] The suspension arm 5 is detachably mounted on the upper clamping arm 4;

[0087] The upper clamping arm 4 is symmetrically provided with a notch 403 for placing the boom 5. The boom 5 is provided with a ring body 503 hung on the notch 403. The boom 5 is hung at the notch 403, which restricts the movement of the boom 5 and facilitates installation.

[0088] Or the boom 5 is connected to the upper clamping arm 4 via the pin 405;

[0089] Or the boom 5 is connected to the upper clamping arm 4 by a bolt. Adopting the pin 405 or the bolt is a rigid connection, which improves safety.

[0090] The lower clamping arm 2 is fixed on the base 1;

[0091] Or plugged into the base 1, the lower clamping arm 2 is plugged into the base 1, the lower clamping arm 2 is provided with a plug board 201, the base 1 is provided with a slot 103 matching the plug board 201, and a plurality of slots 103 are provided at intervals.

[0092] The base 1 is provided with a plurality of bosses 101 for placing the lower clamping arms 2 , and the bosses 101 are provided with notches 102 matching the lower clamping arms 2 .

[0093] The lower end of the boom 5 is an arc-shaped portion, and the suspension column 501 is arranged on the side wall of the arc-shaped portion. The arc-shaped portion is an inferior arc or a superior arc, and the inferior arc or the superior arc is used for different side reducers.

[0094] Example 2:

[0095] See also Figure 9-10 Based on the first embodiment, the telescopic rod is a hydraulic rod in a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system further includes an oil cylinder 301 and a control oil circuit for controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod. The control oil circuit is provided with a three-position four-way solenoid valve ST7 for controlling the reversing of the hydraulic oil and a power failure protection unit. The control oil circuit is connected to the oil tank through a hydraulic pump.

[0096] The power-off protection unit includes solenoid valve 1 ST17 and solenoid valve 2 ST19, which are connected in series between the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder and the three-position four-way solenoid valve ST7. A bypass with a damping orifice is connected in parallel at both ends of the solenoid valve 1 ST17. Both solenoid valve 1 ST17 and solenoid valve 2 ST19 are two-position solenoid valves.

[0097] When the solenoid valve ST17 loses power, the solenoid valve ST17 is closed, and the control oil circuit is connected to the left working position of the solenoid valve ST17. The left working position prevents the hydraulic oil from passing through two one-way valves; the oil in the rodless chamber can only flow through the damping hole; the damping hole is Ø0.3mm, and the oil flow through the hole is very small. At an oil pressure of 10MPa, the pressure oil flow through the damping hole is about 3ml / s. At this time, the lifting speed of the hydraulic rod 301 is about 1mm / s. The power-off protection is achieved by reducing the lifting speed.

[0098] The solenoid valve 2 ST19 loses power, the solenoid valve 2 ST19 is closed, and the control oil circuit is connected to the left working position of the solenoid valve 2 ST19. The left working position prevents the hydraulic oil from passing through two one-way valves;

[0099] The solenoid valve 1 ST17 and the solenoid valve 2 ST19 are energized, the solenoid valve 1 ST17 and the solenoid valve 2 ST19 are both in the open state, and the control oil circuits are connected to the right working position.

[0100] The power failure protection unit further includes a solenoid valve ST18 connected in series between the rod chamber of the oil cylinder and the three-position four-way solenoid valve ST7. The solenoid valve ST18 is a two-position solenoid valve.

[0101] The solenoid valve ST18 is energized, and the solenoid valve ST18 is connected to the rod chamber and the three-position four-way solenoid valve;

[0102] Solenoid valve 3 ST18 loses power, connecting the rod chamber and the rodless chamber, and is in the left working position. When hydraulic rod 301 loses power at a high position, the oil in the rod chamber and the rodless chamber can be connected when the hydraulic rod 301 descends under the action of a heavy object, maintaining the pressure on both sides of the piston as close as possible.

[0103] It also includes an energy storage unit, which includes an energy storage pipeline connected in parallel between the second solenoid valve ST19 and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump;

[0104] The energy storage pipeline is connected in series with the solenoid valve 4 ST15 and the solenoid valve 5 ST14. An accumulator is provided between the solenoid valve 4 ST15 and the solenoid valve 5 ST14. Both the solenoid valve 4 ST15 and the solenoid valve 5 ST14 are two-position solenoid valves.

[0105] When the solenoid valve 4 ST15 is energized, the accumulator and the oil tank are connected in both directions, and the solenoid valve 4 ST15 is in the upper working position. When the solenoid valve 4 ST15 is deenergized, the solenoid valve 4 ST15 is in the lower working position, and one-way flow is achieved through the one-way valve. The oil in the oil tank can only flow toward the accumulator.

[0106] When the solenoid valve five ST14 is energized, the solenoid valve five ST11 is in the upper working position, and the oil in the accumulator flows to the solenoid valve one ST17; when the solenoid valve five ST14 is deenergized, the solenoid valve five ST14 is in the lower working position. Due to the one-way valve in the lower working position, the oil in the accumulator cannot flow to the solenoid valve one ST17.

[0107] There are two accumulators connected in parallel, namely accumulator one X1 and accumulator two X2.

[0108] A starting pump or a manual pump is also connected in parallel between the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump and the oil tank.

[0109] Therefore, when the tool loses power, all solenoid valves lose power. If the hydraulic rod 301 is holding the component in a high position, the upper clamping arm 4 will remain in place, preventing the component from falling due to power loss and causing danger to the components and personnel. Here, the solenoid valve 1 ST17 and the solenoid valve 2 ST19 are integrated in series in the control oil circuit to form a double insurance. If one solenoid valve fails, the other will also ensure that the high-positioned component will not automatically and rapidly fall, preventing danger to components and personnel.

[0110] When the power is lost, the components stopped at a high position can be slowly lowered by pulling the manual lever on the solenoid valve to allow the oil in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder to slowly flow back to the oil tank.

[0111] The accumulator mainly provides hydraulic oil for the rapid rise of the hydraulic rod, and also provides hydraulic oil for the silent operation of the entire oil supply system.

[0112] The oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is provided with an oil pressure sensor, which transmits a signal to the control system. The control system can compare the signal with a predetermined threshold value to control the start and stop of the hydraulic rod 301, and also includes a buzzer connected to the control system.

[0113] Example 3:

[0114] Based on the first or second embodiment, a vehicle disassembly and assembly equipment includes the vehicle disassembly and assembly tool of the first or second embodiment. The equipment is preferably mounted on a vehicle with a lifting structure, such as a forklift, with the base fixed to the forklift's mast, typically the inner mast. Alternatively, the equipment can be mounted directly on the frame of an ordinary vehicle.

[0115] Example 4:

[0116] On the basis of the first or second embodiment, a vehicle disassembly and assembly robot comprises the vehicle disassembly and assembly tooling of the first or second embodiment and a robot arm for driving the tooling to move, and the lifting frame is generally fixed to the working end of the robot arm.

[0117] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second" and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0118] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0119] Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved through or by adopting existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for disassembling and assembling a vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a base, a lifting frame arranged on the base, an upper clamping arm arranged on the lifting frame, and lower clamping arms symmetrically arranged on the base and located on both sides of the upper clamping arm; The outer end of the upper clamping arm is provided with a hanging arm, and the outer end of the lower clamping arm is provided with a slot for placing the edge of the component; a plurality of hanging posts are provided on the side wall of the hanging arm; The base is provided with a lifting rod, and the lifting rod is parallel to the base; The upper clamping arm and the lower clamping arm are used in conjunction with each other; The lower clamping arm is used in conjunction with the davit; The lifting rod and the upper clamping arm are used in conjunction with each other; The lower clamping arm includes a sleeve and a fork rod arranged in the sleeve, a limit ring body is fixedly provided at both ends of the fork rod, and two spring retaining rings are sleeved in the middle position. A spring is sleeved on the fork rod and located between the limit ring body and the spring retaining ring. A plurality of protrusions are fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve and located between the two spring retaining rings. The protrusions are clamped between the two spring retaining rings, and a gap is formed between the sleeve and the spring. The spring is not subject to external force, and the sleeve and the fork rod are concentrically arranged; The outer end of the fork rod is provided with a cone, the large end of the cone is connected to the fork rod, and the slot is formed between the cone and the sleeve.

2. The vehicle disassembly and assembly tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting frame includes a mounting seat and a driving mechanism for driving the mounting seat to move up and down, wherein the driving mechanism is a telescopic rod, a cylinder of the telescopic rod is arranged on the base, a push rod of the telescopic rod is arranged on the mounting seat, and the upper clamping arm is arranged on the mounting seat; The base is also provided with a guide seat of the push rod, the guide seat is arranged on the periphery of the cylinder body of the telescopic rod, and the picking rod is arranged on the guide seat.

3. The vehicle disassembly and assembly tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The picking rod is rotatably arranged on the guide seat. The picking rod can only be rotated upward by 90 degrees and a limiting groove for clamping the picking rod is provided on the upper part of the guide seat.

4. The vehicle disassembly and assembly tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamping arm is L-shaped, the vertical portion of the upper clamping arm is installed on the lifting frame, the horizontal portion of the upper clamping arm can be located directly above or directly below the vertical portion, and the suspension arm is arranged on the horizontal portion.

5. The vehicle disassembly and assembly tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal portion is hinged to the vertical portion, and the horizontal portion is fixed to the vertical portion by pins or bolts in both the horizontal and vertical states.

6. The vehicle disassembly and assembly tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension arm is detachably mounted on the upper clamping arm; The upper clamping arm is provided with a notch for placing the suspension arm, and the suspension arm is provided with a ring body hung on the notch; or the boom is connected to the upper clamping arm via a pin; Or the boom is connected to the upper clamping arm through bolts.

7. The vehicle disassembly and assembly tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower clamping arm is fixed on the base; Or plugged into the base, the lower clamping arm is plugged into the base, a plug-in board is provided on the lower clamping arm, a slot matching the plug-in board is provided on the base, and a plurality of slots are provided at intervals.

8. A mobile device for disassembling and assembling a vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle disassembly and assembly tool comprises the tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A vehicle disassembly and assembly robot, characterized in that: It comprises the vehicle disassembly and assembly tooling according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a robotic arm for driving the tooling to move.

Images