Integrated sewage treatment and CO 2 Processes and plants for converting chemicals

Abstract

The present invention discloses a process and device for integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion into chemicals, which includes a microbial fuel cell section and a section for CO2 conversion into high-value-added fuels and chemicals that are connected to each other. The microbial fuel cell section is separated into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber by an ion exchange membrane. The anode chamber includes a CO2 outlet, a sewage inlet, and an anode, and the cathode chamber includes an H2O outlet, an O2 inlet, and a cathode. The section for CO2 conversion into high-value-added fuels and chemicals consists of three parts. The upper half is a series-connected microbial fuel cell section, and the lower half is divided into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by an ion exchange membrane. The present invention is suitable for applications in sewage treatment, renewable energy development, CO2 conversion and utilization, and the production of high-value-added fuel chemicals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion process and device technology for producing chemicals, belonging to the technical field of environmental management and energy development. Background Art

[0002] Energy and environment have always been the focus of people's attention. The rapid development of industry and the improvement of people's material and cultural living standards are inseparable from the support of fossil energy. The excessive exploitation and utilization of fossil energy not only causes energy shortages, but also causes environmental pollution and other problems. Environmental pollution mainly includes water and soil pollution and air pollution.

[0003] Current sewage mainly includes domestic sewage, agricultural sewage and industrial sewage; air pollution mainly refers to greenhouse gases (GHG), and the GHG with the greatest impact on global temperature is CO2.

[0004] In view of the increasingly serious problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage. The organic matter in sewage is used as fuel for microbial fuel cells, the emitted waste gas is used as raw material for CO2 conversion and utilization, the generated electrons are transferred to the cathode along the external circuit, and connected in series as the power source of the CO2 utilization conversion device according to the actual application scenario, to achieve sewage treatment and CO2 conversion to produce high value-added fuels and chemicals. Therefore, in a rapidly developing society, the process route of converting the subsidiary pollutants of development into renewable energy will undoubtedly promote the further construction of a civilized society. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the invention is to provide an integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion chemical production device. The device realizes the simultaneous treatment of sewage and CO2 gas, and produces high value-added fuels and chemicals.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide the integrated wastewater treatment and CO2 conversion process for producing chemicals.

[0007] Technical solution: The integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing chemicals comprises an interconnected microbial fuel cell section and a CO2 conversion section for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals. The microbial fuel cell section is separated into anode and cathode chambers by an ion exchange membrane. The anode chamber comprises a CO2 outlet, a sewage inlet and an anode, and the cathode chamber comprises a H2O outlet, an O2 inlet and a cathode.

[0008] The CO2 conversion section for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals consists of three parts, the upper section is a series-connected microbial fuel cell section, and the lower section is divided into two anode and cathode chambers separated by an ion exchange membrane;

[0009] The upper section is composed of microbial fuel cell sections connected in series, and the number of sections connected in series is determined according to the actual situation;

[0010] The cathode chamber is composed of a CO2 inlet from other sources, a CO2 inlet produced by the metabolism of power-producing microorganisms, a gas phase product outlet, a liquid phase product outlet, a reference electrode, a catalyst-loaded working electrode, and an electrolyte;

[0011] The anode chamber is composed of a counter electrode and an electrolyte.

[0012] Furthermore, after the microorganisms degrade and oxidize the organic matter in the sewage during the sewage treatment process, the generated electrons flow out along the external circuit to form electric current, generating electrical energy in the renewable energy generation process.

[0013] Furthermore, in the CO2 conversion and utilization section, the source of CO2 is divided into two parts, one part comes from the metabolism of power-generating microorganisms, and the other part comes from CO2 captured from other industrial waste gases. In the CO2 conversion and utilization section, CO2 is transported to the production process of high-value-added fuels and chemicals to produce the desired products.

[0014] Furthermore, the sewage inlet, CO2 outlet, H2O outlet and O2 inlet are respectively arranged at both ends of the anode and cathode chambers of the microbial fuel cell section.

[0015] Furthermore, the ratio of the size of the CO2 inlet from other sources and the CO2 inlet from the metabolism of power-generating microorganisms can be adjusted.

[0016] The integrated wastewater treatment and CO2 conversion process for producing chemicals includes the following steps:

[0017] (1) Sewage enters the microbial fuel cell section from the sewage outlet, and the power-generating microorganisms degrade and oxidize the organic matter in the sewage into small molecules. The generated electrons are transmitted along the external circuit to generate current. The only waste gas CO2 generated is discharged from the CO2 outlet and enters the CO2 conversion to high value-added fuels and chemicals section through the CO2 inlet of the CO2 conversion to high value-added fuels and chemicals section;

[0018] (2) After CO2 enters the CO2 conversion section to produce high value-added fuels and chemicals, the catalyst loaded on the working electrode will selectively produce the target product;

[0019] (3) Collect the product from the product port according to the phase state of the target product.

[0020] The specific relevant principles are described in detail as follows:

[0021] First, the sewage enters the microbial fuel cell section. The power-generating microorganisms attached to the anode electrode decompose organic matter in the sewage, such as glucose and acetate, into small molecular compounds through metabolism. The generated electrons are transmitted along the external circuit, and the only waste gas discharged is CO2. The waste gas enters the CO2 conversion and utilization section, and the CO2 is converted into CO, CH4, CH3CH2OH, etc. under the action of the cathode catalyst. The catalyst can be used selectively according to the target product. The microbial fuel cell sections are connected in series according to the specific usage scenario. While treating sewage, it also provides power and raw materials for the CO2 conversion section, realizing carbon circulation, and can additionally process CO2 captured from other industrial waste gases. The present invention is suitable for applications in sewage treatment, renewable energy development, CO2 conversion and utilization, and production of high value-added fuel chemicals.

[0022] The process of integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion to produce high value-added fuels and chemicals, sewage enters the self-made microbial fuel cell section, power generation microorganisms degrade and oxidize organic matter in sewage into small molecular compounds, and the generated electrons are transmitted along the external circuit to generate current. The present invention includes a sewage treatment process, a renewable energy generation process, a CO2 conversion and utilization process, and a high value-added fuel and chemical production process. After the microorganisms degrade and oxidize organic matter in sewage in the sewage treatment process, the generated electrons flow out along the external circuit to form current, and generate electrical energy in the renewable energy generation process. In the renewable energy generation process, according to the actual occasion, the microbial fuel cell device can be appropriately connected in series to provide the required electrical energy for the CO2 conversion and utilization device. In the CO2 conversion and utilization section, the source of CO2 is divided into two parts, one part comes from the metabolism of power generation microorganisms, and the other part comes from CO2 captured from other industrial waste gases. In the CO2 conversion and utilization section, CO2 is transported to the high value-added fuel and chemical production process to produce the required products. In the high value-added fuel and chemical production process, the target high value-added fuel and chemical can be selectively produced according to the catalyst loaded on the cathode. The output high value-added fuel and chemical flows out and is collected at the corresponding outlet.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The sewage of the present invention is used as fuel for the microbial fuel cell, which not only achieves sewage treatment but also generates renewable energy electricity.

[0025] 2. The present invention uses CO2 generated by microbial fuel cells and CO2 captured from industrial waste gas as raw materials for CO2 utilization and conversion to produce high value-added and chemical products, which not only mitigates the greenhouse effect, but also achieves zero emissions in the process of producing high value-added and chemical products.

[0026] 3. The present invention not only solves the sewage and CO2 problems, but also produces high value-added fuels and chemicals. The integrated design of the present invention makes the sewage treatment and CO2 conversion and utilization processes simpler and more efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a microbial fuel cell segment;

[0028] Figure 2 To produce high value-added fuels and chemicals for CO2 conversion;

[0029] Figure 3 It is an integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals;

[0030] In the figure, 1: microbial fuel cell section, 1.1: CO2 outlet, 1.2: sewage inlet, 1.3 anode with attached power-generating microorganisms; 1.4: ion exchange membrane, 1.5: cathode; 1.6: H2O outlet, 1.7: O2 inlet; 2: CO2 conversion to produce high value-added fuels and chemicals section, 2.1: CO2 inlet from other sources, 2.2: gas phase product outlet, 2.3: liquid phase product outlet, 2.4: reference electrode, 2.5: working electrode loaded with catalyst, 2.6: counter electrode, 2.7 ion exchange membrane, 2.8: CO2 from the metabolism of power-generating microorganisms. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals includes a microbial fuel cell section 1 and a CO2 conversion section 2 for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals.

[0032] The microbial fuel cell section is composed of two left and right chambers, an anode and a cathode, separated by an ion exchange membrane 1.4.

[0033] 1. The anode chamber of the microbial fuel cell is composed of a CO2 outlet 1.1, a sewage inlet 1.2, and an anode 1.3 loaded with power-generating microorganisms.

[0034] 2. The cathode chamber of the microbial fuel cell is composed of a cathode 1.5, a water outlet 1.6 and an oxygen inlet 1.7.

[0035] The CO2 conversion section 2 for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals consists of three parts, wherein the upper section is a series-connected microbial fuel cell section, and the lower section is divided into two anode and cathode chambers separated by an ion exchange membrane 2.7.

[0036] 1. The upper half of the CO2 conversion section to produce high value-added fuels and chemicals is composed of microbial fuel cell sections connected in series, and the number of series connections is determined based on actual conditions.

[0037] 2. The cathode chamber of the CO2 conversion section for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals consists of a CO2 inlet 2.1 from other sources, a CO2 inlet 2.8 produced by the metabolism of power-producing microorganisms, a gas phase product outlet 2.2, a liquid phase product outlet 2.3, a reference electrode 2.4, a catalyst-loaded working electrode 2.5 and an electrolyte.

[0038] 3. The anode chamber of the CO2 conversion section for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals is composed of a counter electrode 2.6 and an electrolyte.

[0039] The function of the microbial fuel cell section is as follows: sewage is passed into the self-made microbial fuel cell section, and the power-generating microorganisms degrade and oxidize the organic matter in the sewage into small molecules and the only waste gas produced is CO2. The generated electrons are output along the external circuit to generate current. The sewage treatment capacity, i.e. the output current, can be guided by the existing technology as needed. Taking the most common and simple glucose degradation and oxidation theory, 1 mol of glucose is degraded and oxidized to carbon dioxide, which can release 24 mol of electrons: C6H 12 O6+6H3O→6O2+24e - +24H +

[0040] The function of the CO2 conversion to high value-added fuels and chemicals section is to transport the CO2 collected by the microbial fuel cell section and the CO2 captured in other industrial waste gases to the CO2 conversion to high value-added fuels and chemicals section, and selectively load a suitable catalyst on the working electrode according to the target product. The CO2 delivery amount and the selectivity of the target product can be guided by the technicians in this field from the prior art as needed. xCO2|nH + |ne→product+yH2O, the catalyst can be selected according to Table 1.

[0041] The process of using the above device for integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion to produce high value-added fuels and chemicals is as follows:

[0042] 1. Sewage enters the microbial fuel cell section from the sewage outlet, and the power-generating microorganisms degrade and oxidize the organic matter in the sewage into small molecules, and the generated electrons are transmitted along the external circuit to generate current. The only waste gas CO2 generated goes out from the CO2 outlet and enters the CO2 conversion to high value-added fuels and chemicals section through the CO2 inlet of the CO2 conversion to high value-added fuels and chemicals section.

[0043] 2. After CO2 enters the CO2 conversion section to produce high value-added fuels and chemicals, the catalyst loaded on the working electrode will selectively produce the target product.

[0044] 3. Collect the product from the product port according to the phase state of the target product.

[0045] Table 1 Target product catalyst

[0046]

Claims

1. An integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing chemicals, characterized by: It includes a microbial fuel cell section and a CO2 conversion section for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals, which are connected to each other. The microbial fuel cell section is divided into anode and cathode chambers by an ion exchange membrane. The anode chamber includes a CO2 outlet, a sewage inlet and an anode, and the cathode chamber includes a H2O outlet, an O2 inlet and a cathode. The CO2 conversion section for producing high value-added fuels and chemicals consists of three parts. The upper half is a microbial fuel cell section connected in series, and the lower half is divided into two cathode and cathode chambers separated by an ion exchange membrane. Among them, the upper half is composed of microbial fuel cell sections connected in series, and the number of series connections is determined according to actual conditions. The cathode chamber is composed of a CO2 inlet from other sources, a CO2 inlet generated by the metabolism of power-producing microorganisms, a gas phase product outlet, a liquid phase product outlet, a reference electrode, a catalyst-loaded working electrode and an electrolyte. The anode chamber is composed of a counter electrode and an electrolyte. After the power-generating microorganisms degrade and oxidize organic matter in the sewage during the sewage treatment process, the generated electrons flow out along the external circuit to form an electric current, thereby generating electric energy in the renewable energy generation process.

2. The integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing chemicals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the CO2 conversion and utilization section, the source of CO2 is divided into two parts. One part comes from the metabolism of power-generating microorganisms, and the other part comes from CO2 captured from other industrial waste gases. In the CO2 conversion and utilization section, CO2 is transported to the production process of high-value-added fuels and chemicals to produce the required products.

3. The integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing chemicals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sewage inlet, CO2 outlet, H2O outlet and O2 inlet are respectively arranged at the two ends of the anode and cathode chambers of the microbial fuel cell section.

4. The integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing chemicals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ratio of the CO2 inlet from other sources to the CO2 inlet from the metabolism of power-generating microorganisms can be adjusted.

5. The process of the integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing chemicals according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Sewage enters the microbial fuel cell section from the sewage outlet, and the power-generating microorganisms degrade and oxidize the organic matter in the sewage into small molecules. The generated electrons are transmitted along the external circuit to generate current. The only waste gas CO2 generated is discharged from the CO2 outlet and enters the CO2 conversion to high value-added fuels and chemicals section through the CO2 inlet of the CO2 conversion to high value-added fuels and chemicals section; (2) After CO2 enters the CO2 conversion section to produce high value-added fuels and chemicals, the catalyst loaded on the working electrode will selectively produce the target product; (3) Collect the product from the product outlet according to the phase state of the target product.

6. The process of the integrated sewage treatment and CO2 conversion device for producing chemicals according to claim 5 is characterized by: The catalyst and the corresponding product are as follows: 。

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