A method for solar tracking using light sensitive spheres

Abstract

The application discloses a method for tracking the sun by using a photosensitive sphere, which comprises the following steps: uniformly arranging a plurality of photosensitive resistors on the surface of the photosensitive sphere, and placing the photosensitive sphere outdoors; establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the center of the photosensitive sphere as the origin, wherein the xy plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is parallel to a solar cell panel; setting the standard value of the photosensitive resistor in a sunny day as R0, obtaining the resistance value of each photosensitive resistor, selecting N photosensitive resistors with the minimum resistance value, calculating the average resistance value of the N photosensitive resistors, and considering that it is a sunny day when the average resistance value is equal to R0; solving the average coordinate value of the coordinates of the N photosensitive resistors in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the average coordinate value, so that the sunlight is perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel. The method can track the sun, and has the characteristics of small energy loss and good economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automatic control and relates to a method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional sensor tracking methods use photoelectric sensors to detect the deviation between sunlight and the normal of the solar panel. This method is greatly affected by weather conditions. The commonly used four-quadrant photoresistor (or silicon photovoltaic cell) dual-axis tracking sensor has two main problems: such sensors cannot recognize cloudy or overcast weather conditions with high average light intensity. When encountering such weather conditions, the system will continuously search for the maximum light intensity, which is not economical.

[0003] The solar trajectory tracking method adjusts the tracking device according to a predetermined program based on the actual trajectory of the sun. This tracking method operates continuously according to the calculated trajectory, regardless of whether a solar tracking system is available. That is, the tracking device continuously adjusts according to the changing pattern of the sun's position over time to follow the changes in the sun's trajectory. This requires constant adjustment of the position and speed of the tracking system. Although solar tracking based on the actual trajectory according to a predetermined program ensures the tracking accuracy of the system, it has a large degree of randomness and is greatly affected by weather. In addition, considering that the Earth's rotation speed is very slow, the energy loss is large when the braking system is constantly braking, resulting in poor economic efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere. This method can track the sun and has the characteristics of low energy loss and good economy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0006] A plurality of photoresistors are uniformly arranged on the surface of a photosensitive sphere, and the photosensitive sphere is placed outdoors;

[0007] A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the center o of the photosensitive sphere as the origin, wherein the xy plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is parallel to the solar panel;

[0008] Set the standard value of the photoresistors for a sunny day to R0, obtain the resistance values ​​of each photoresistor, select the N photoresistors with the smallest resistance values, and calculate the average resistance value of the N photoresistors.

[0009] when If it is assumed to be a sunny day, calculate the average coordinate value of the N photoresistors in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the average coordinate value so that the sunlight shines on the photovoltaic panel perpendicularly.

[0010] Assume the standard value of the photoresistor during the day is R1, when It is assumed that it is nighttime and the solar tracking system will go into hibernation.

[0011] when If it is assumed that it is daytime and the weather is cloudy or overcast, the solar tracking system will go into hibernation.

[0012] N = 7.

[0013] The specific process of calculating the average coordinate value of the N photoresistors in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel based on the average coordinate value so that sunlight shines perpendicularly on the photovoltaic panel is as follows:

[0014] Calculate the average coordinate value Q(x0,y0,z0) of the coordinates of photoresistor a (x1,y1,z1), photoresistor b (x2,y2,z2), photoresistor c (x3,y3,z3), photoresistor d (x4,y4,z4), photoresistor e (x5,y5,z5), photoresistor f (x6,y6,z6), and photoresistor g (x7,y7,z7). Calculate the solar illumination angle based on the average coordinate value Q(x0,y0,z0), and then adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the solar illumination angle so that sunlight shines perpendicularly onto the photovoltaic panel.

[0015] The angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted once every preset period.

[0016] The preset period is 10 seconds.

[0017] x0=(x 1+ x 2+ x 3+ x4+x 5+ x 6+ x7) / 7.

[0018] y0=(y 1+ y 2+ y 3+ y4+y 5+ y 6+ y7) / 7.

[0019] z0=(z 1+ z 2+ z 3+ z4+z 5+ z 6+ z7) / 7.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In the specific operation of the solar tracking method using a photosensitive sphere described in this invention, several photoresistors are uniformly arranged on the surface of the photosensitive sphere, and the photosensitive sphere is placed outdoors.

[0022] - Select N photoresistors with the smallest resistance values, calculate the average resistance R of the N photoresistors, and use this to determine whether it is a sunny day. When it is a sunny day, adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the average coordinate value of the N photoresistors in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system so that sunlight shines perpendicularly on the photovoltaic panel. This avoids the problems of large energy loss and poor economic efficiency caused by adjusting the photovoltaic panel on cloudy days, partly cloudy days, or at night. It should also be noted that this invention uses photoresistors for detection, which is low-cost and can overcome the problem that commonly used four-quadrant photoresistors (or silicon photovoltaic cells) dual-axis tracking sensors cannot identify cloudy or partly cloudy weather conditions with high average light intensity. At the same time, it overcomes the problems of large blindness, large weather influence, large energy loss, and poor economic efficiency of solar motion trajectory tracking methods. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of circular photoresistors.

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system established in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion regarding the concepts disclosed in the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The accompanying drawings show structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not drawn to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0028] refer to Figure 3 The method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere as described in this invention includes the following steps:

[0029] A plurality of photoresistors are uniformly arranged on the surface of a photosensitive sphere, and the photosensitive sphere is placed outdoors;

[0030] A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the center o of the photosensitive sphere as the origin, wherein the xy plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is parallel to the solar panel;

[0031] Set the standard value of the photoresistors for a sunny day to R0, obtain the resistance values ​​of each photoresistor, select the N photoresistors with the smallest resistance values, and calculate the average resistance value of the N photoresistors.

[0032] when If it is assumed to be a sunny day, calculate the average coordinate value of the N photoresistors in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the average coordinate value so that the sunlight shines on the photovoltaic panel perpendicularly.

[0033] Additionally, assuming the standard value of the photoresistor during the day is R1, when It is then assumed to be nighttime, and the solar tracking system enters hibernation; when If it is assumed that it is daytime and the weather is cloudy or overcast, the solar tracking system will go into hibernation.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere as described in this invention includes the following steps:

[0036] Design a photosensitive sphere uniformly distributed with sufficiently sensitive circular photoresistors, where the greater the light intensity received by the circular photoresistors, the smaller the resistance. Establish a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the center o of the photosensitive sphere as the origin, where the xy plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is parallel to the solar panel. Label each photoresistor and record the three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z) of the center position of each photoresistor, ensuring that the voltage across each photoresistor is the same. Assume that the standard value of the photoresistor is R0 on sunny days and R1 during the day.

[0037] Place the photosensitive sphere in an open outdoor location and compare the resistance values ​​of each photoresistor. Identify the seven photoresistors (a, b, c, d, e, f, and g) with the lowest resistance. Photoresistor a has the lowest resistance. The resistance values ​​of photoresistors b, c, d, e, f, and g are the same or close. Calculate the average resistance of photoresistors a, b, c, d, e, and f at this point.

[0038] when It is assumed to be nighttime, so the solar tracking system goes into hibernation and performs a comparison every 10 minutes. And the size of R1;

[0039] when If the current time is considered to be daytime and the weather is cloudy or overcast, the solar tracking system will enter hibernation mode and compare R0 every 10 minutes. And the relationship between the magnitudes of R1 and R2;

[0040] when It is then assumed that the weather is clear, and the angle of sunlight is calculated based on the coordinates of the photoresistors b, c, d, e, f, and g. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0041] Based on the photoresistor a with the smallest resistance, the sunlight is determined to be the normal of the photosensitive sphere at photoresistor a. However, considering that the photoresistors have a certain area and are arranged on the surface of the sphere, this invention calculates the average coordinate value Q(x0, y0, z0) of the coordinates of photoresistors a (x1, y1, z1), b (x2, y2, z2), c (x3, y3, z3), d (x4, y4, z4), e (x5, y5, z5), f (x6, y6, z6), and g (x7, y7, z7), where x0 = (x1, y1, z2). 1+ x 2+ x 3+ x4+x 5+ x 6+ x7) / 7, y0=(y 1+ y 2+ y 3+ y4+y 5+ y 6+ y7) / 7, z0=(z 1+ z 2+ z 3+ z4+z 5+ z 6+ z7) / 7, calculate the sun's illumination angle based on the average coordinate value Q(x0,y0,z0), and then adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the sun's illumination angle so that the sunlight shines perpendicularly on the photovoltaic panel. In addition, in actual operation, the angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted once every preset period, preferably 10s.

Claims

1. A method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A plurality of photoresistors are uniformly arranged on the surface of a photosensitive sphere, and the photosensitive sphere is placed outdoors; A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the center o of the photosensitive sphere as the origin, wherein the xy plane of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is parallel to the solar panel; Set the standard value of the photoresistors for a sunny day to R0, obtain the resistance values ​​of each photoresistor, select the N photoresistors with the smallest resistance values, and calculate the average resistance value of the N photoresistors. ; When <R0, it is considered that it is sunny at this time. The average coordinate value of the coordinates of the N photosensitive resistors in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is solved, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted according to the average coordinate value so that the sunlight shines vertically on the photovoltaic panel; Assume the standard value of the photoresistor during the day is R1, when If the value is >R1, it is considered to be nighttime, and the solar tracking system will go into hibernation. When R0 < < R1, it is considered that it is daytime at this time and the weather is cloudy or overcast, and the solar tracking system goes into hibernation at this time; N=7； The specific process of calculating the average coordinate value of the N photoresistors in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel based on the average coordinate value so that sunlight shines perpendicularly on the photovoltaic panel is as follows: Calculate the average coordinate value Q(x0,y0,z0) of the coordinates of photoresistor a (x1,y1,z1), photoresistor b (x2,y2,z2), photoresistor c (x3,y3,z3), photoresistor d (x4,y4,z4), photoresistor e (x5,y5,z5), photoresistor f (x6,y6,z6), and photoresistor g (x7,y7,z7). Calculate the solar illumination angle based on the average coordinate value Q(x0,y0,z0), and then adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the solar illumination angle so that sunlight shines perpendicularly onto the photovoltaic panel.

2. The method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted once every preset period.

3. The method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preset period is 10 seconds.

4. The method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, x0=( x 1+ x 2+ x 3+ x4 +x 5+ x 6+ x7) / 7.

5. The method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, y0=( and 1+ and 2+ and 3+ y4 +y 5+ and 6+ y7) / 7。 6. The method for solar tracking using a photosensitive sphere according to claim 1, characterized in that, z0=( z 1+ With 2+ With 3+ z4 +z 5+ With 6+ z7) / 7。

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