A design method for multi-band satellite communication antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-band satellite communication antenna design method, comprising the following steps: constructing an antenna model, including integrated design of a UHF-band antenna model and an S-band antenna model; simulation optimization, simulating various structural combinations of the integrated design of the UHF-band antenna model and the S-band antenna model, and determining the optimal structural combination based on the obtained optimal simulation parameters; and determining a support structure, based on the optimal structural combination, determining a support frame for the antenna model. This multi-band satellite communication antenna design method designs and implements the coexistence of dual-band antennas, achieving a wide beam, high gain, and miniaturization of the antenna, thereby improving antenna reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of antenna design methods, and in particular relates to a multi-band satellite communication antenna design method. Background Art

[0002] In existing antenna designs, most of them are simulation designs for single antennas. There is a lack of design for the coexistence of dual-band antennas. The reliability of the designed antennas cannot be guaranteed, resulting in narrow beams, low gain, and large sizes of antennas, which do not meet the requirements of miniaturization. It is inconvenient to easily install the antennas on mobile platforms or buildings to complete high-quality communication connections with satellites.

[0003] Therefore, how to design and realize the coexistence of dual-band antennas, achieve wide beam, high gain and miniaturization of antennas, and improve antenna reliability are technical problems that technicians in this technical field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-band satellite communication antenna design method to solve the problems in the existing technology of how to design and realize the coexistence of dual-band antennas, how to achieve wide beam, high gain and miniaturization of antennas, and how to improve antenna reliability.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a multi-band satellite communication antenna design method, which includes the following steps: constructing an antenna model, including integrated design of a UHF band antenna model and an S band antenna model; simulation optimization, simulating various structural combinations of the integrated design of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model, and determining the optimal structural combination based on the obtained optimal simulation parameters; determining the support structure, and determining the support frame of the antenna model based on the optimal structural combination.

[0006] Preferably, in constructing the antenna model, the integrated design of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model includes structural design, size design and quantity design, and determines the structure, size and quantity of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model.

[0007] Preferably, in the structural design, the UHF band antenna model includes multiple dielectric plates, a signal phase shunt plate and a base, the multiple dielectric plates are arranged on the signal phase shunt plate, the signal phase shunt plate is arranged on the base, the dielectric plates and the signal phase shunt plate form an angle, and the multiple dielectric plates enclose the S band antenna model, the dielectric plates have a feed line, the signal phase shunt plate has multiple lines, and the lines are connected to the feed line.

[0008] Preferably, in the structural design, the S-band antenna model includes a plurality of antenna units and a plurality of transceiver combining units arranged in a ring shape, the transceiver combining units are arranged below the antenna units, and the antenna units are connected to the transceiver combining units.

[0009] Preferably, in the quantity design, the number of dielectric plates in the UHF band antenna model is four, the number of antenna units in the S band antenna model is eight, and the number of corresponding transceiver combining units is eight.

[0010] Preferably, the size design includes: the size of the opening formed by the upper edges of the four dielectric plates is larger than the size of the opening formed by the lower edges of the four dielectric plates.

[0011] Preferably, in the simulation optimization step, multiple structural combinations are performed on the tilt angle of the dielectric plate in the UHF band antenna model and the dividing gap of the antenna unit in the S band antenna model, and then the simulation parameters are compared to obtain the optimal simulation parameters.

[0012] Preferably, in the step of determining the supporting structure, the support frame includes multiple support plates, a support plate and multiple support beams. The support plate is arranged below the antenna unit. The multiple support beams are connected to the edges of the support plate and surround the support plate. The support beams are connected to the upper part of the support plate, and the lower part of the support plate is connected to the base. The support plate is used to fit and support multiple antenna units, and the support plate is used to fit and support multiple dielectric plates.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention discloses a multi-band satellite communication antenna design method, comprising the steps of: constructing an antenna model, including integrated design of a UHF band antenna model and an S band antenna model; simulation optimization, simulating various structural combinations of the integrated design of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model, and determining the optimal structural combination based on the obtained optimal simulation parameters; and determining a support structure, based on the optimal structural combination, determining a support frame for the antenna model. This multi-band satellite communication antenna design method designs and implements the coexistence of dual-band antennas, achieving a wide beam, high gain, and miniaturization of the antenna, thereby improving the antenna's reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic flow chart of the steps of an embodiment of a method for designing a multi-band satellite communication antenna according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 1. It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for designing a multi-band satellite communication antenna according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 an exploded schematic diagram of the illustrated embodiment;

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of the illustrated embodiment (with the outer shell removed);

[0018] Figure 5 2 is a schematic diagram of a dielectric plate in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 2. It is a schematic diagram of a signal phase splitter plate in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the dielectric plate and the signal phase splitter plate in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 2. It is a schematic diagram of support legs in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 2. It is a schematic diagram of support legs in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 2. It is a schematic diagram of a support frame in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 2. It is a schematic diagram of a support plate in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of a support frame in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a first mounting plate in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 14 2. It is a schematic diagram of the metal layer in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 15 1 is a schematic diagram of standing wave ratio in another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 16 This is a simulation diagram of another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 17 This is a simulation diagram of another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 18This is a simulation diagram of another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 19 This is a simulation diagram of another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 20 This is a simulation diagram of another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 21 This is a simulation diagram of another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 22 This is a simulation diagram of another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 23 This is a simulation diagram of another embodiment of the multi-band satellite communication antenna design method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] In the drawings, arrow X indicates the front direction, that is, the front-back direction, arrow Y indicates the side direction, that is, the left-right direction, and arrow Z indicates the vertical direction, that is, the up-down direction.

[0040] like Figure 1 The multi-band satellite communication antenna design method shown includes the following steps:

[0041] Step P1: Construct an antenna model, including integrated design of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model.

[0042] Step P2: Simulation optimization, simulating various structural combinations of the integrated design of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model, and determining the optimal structural combination based on the obtained optimal simulation parameters.

[0043] Step P3: Determine the support structure and determine the support frame of the antenna model based on the optimal structural combination.

[0044] Preferably, in constructing the antenna model, the integrated design of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model includes structural design, size design and quantity design, and determines the structure, size and quantity of the UHF band antenna model (hereinafter referred to as the UHF band antenna) and the S band antenna model (hereinafter referred to as the S band antenna).

[0045] Preferably, combined with Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The designed multi-band satellite communication antenna includes a UHF band antenna 100, an S band antenna S100, a support frame 5 and a base 1. The support frame 5 is installed on the base 1 to support the UHF band antenna and the S band antenna. The UHF band antenna 100 includes multiple dielectric plates 2 and a signal phase splitter plate 3. The multiple dielectric plates 2 are arranged on the signal phase splitter plate 3. The dielectric plates 2 form an angle with the signal phase splitter plate 3, and the multiple dielectric plates 2 enclose the S band antenna S100. The signal phase splitter plate 3 is horizontally arranged on the base 1. The dielectric plate 2 has a feeder, and the signal phase splitter plate 3 has a Multiple lines, the lines are connected to the feeder, the S-band antenna S100 includes multiple antenna units S1 and multiple transceiver synthesis units S2 arranged in a ring, the transceiver synthesis unit S2 is arranged below the antenna unit S1, and the antenna unit S1 is connected to the transceiver synthesis unit S2. The dielectric plate 2 of the UHF band antenna 100 surrounds the S-band antenna S100 to achieve coexistence of dual-band antennas and form a single wide beam. The wide-beam multi-band mobile communication antenna for low-orbit satellites can be installed on the top of mobile platforms such as vehicles and ships or on the top of fixed buildings to establish a long-term communication connection with the satellite.

[0046] Preferably, the size of the UHF band antenna is: length 401mm*width 401mm*height 174mm, which meets the requirements of miniaturization. The operating frequency band of the UHF band antenna is: 335-351MHz, 375-415MHz.

[0047] Preferably, the device further comprises a housing 6 , which is covered on the base 1 and covers the UHF band antenna 100 and the S band antenna S100 .

[0048] Preferably, in the structural design, the UHF band antenna model includes multiple dielectric plates 2, a signal phase splitter plate 3 and a base 1, multiple dielectric plates 2 are arranged on the signal phase splitter plate 3, the signal phase splitter plate 3 is arranged on the base 1, the dielectric plates 2 form an angle with the signal phase splitter plate 3, and multiple dielectric plates 2 enclose the S band antenna model 100, the dielectric plates 2 have a feeder line, the signal phase splitter plate 3 has multiple lines, and the lines are connected to the feeder line.

[0049] Preferably, in the structural design, the S-band antenna model S100 includes a plurality of antenna units S1 and a plurality of transceiver combining units S2 arranged in a ring shape. The transceiver combining unit S2 is arranged below the antenna unit S1, and the antenna unit S1 is connected to the transceiver combining unit S2.

[0050] Preferably, in the quantity design, the number of dielectric plates 2 in the UHF band antenna model 100 is four, the number of antenna units S1 in the S band antenna model S100 is eight, and the number of corresponding transceiver combining units S2 is eight.

[0051] Preferably, the size design includes: there are four dielectric plates 2, which are arranged in a surrounding manner on the signal phase branch plate 3, and the opening size formed by the upper edges of the four dielectric plates is larger than the opening size formed by the lower edges of the four dielectric plates, and the opening formed by the upper edges of the four dielectric plates 2 is larger than the diameter of the ring formed by the multiple antenna units S1 in a ring shape. The above-mentioned arrangement can ensure that the size of the opening formed by the multiple dielectric plates 2 gradually increases from bottom to top, and the reason why the lower opening formed by the multiple dielectric plates 2 is set smaller than the upper opening is because this can meet the axial ratio requirement. The axial ratio is determined by the diameter of the spiral line, that is, the size of the opening. If the lower opening is the same size as the upper opening, the axial ratio is poor within the required frequency band, which will affect the beam width and circular polarization gain.

[0052] Preferably, in the simulation optimization step, multiple structural combinations are performed on the tilt angle of the dielectric plate in the UHF band antenna model and the dividing gap of the antenna unit in the S band antenna model, and then the simulation parameters are compared to obtain the optimal simulation parameters.

[0053] Preferably, the dielectric plate 2 of the UHF band antenna is set to be inclined, which can increase the diameter of the top end (that is, the upper end opening formed by the dielectric plate 2 becomes larger), that is, the upper end opening formed by the dielectric plate 2 is away from the annular structure composed of multiple antenna units S1 in the S band antenna, reducing the influence of the antenna units S1 surrounded in a ring in the S band antenna on the UHF band antenna radiation pattern. The electromagnetic energy is mainly radiated from the top of the UHF band antenna into the space. If the top of the dielectric plate 2 is too close to the antenna unit S1, the S band antenna is easily coupled with current, thereby forming parasitic radiation, affecting the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna. If the top of the dielectric plate 2 is too far from the antenna unit S1, the aperture of the opening formed at the top of the dielectric plate 2 is too large, which cannot meet the optimal axial ratio requirement and will also affect the low elevation gain.

[0054] Preferably, the acute angle formed by the dielectric plate 2 and the signal phase branch plate 3 is in the range of 20°-70°. Specifically, the acute angle formed by the dielectric plate 2 and the signal phase branch plate 3 is in the range of 55°-70°. The acute angle formed between the dielectric plate 2 and the signal phase branch plate 3 should not be too small, otherwise the feeder on the dielectric plate 2 will be subject to strong interference reflection from the signal phase branch plate 3, which may easily cause impedance mismatch.

[0055] Further preferably, the acute angle formed by the dielectric plate 2 and the signal phase branching plate 3 is 60°.

[0056] Preferably, combined with Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , these dielectric plates 2 have the same structure, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing. For each dielectric plate 2, the dielectric plate 2 is a straight hexagonal structure as a whole, including a first horizontal side 23 and a second horizontal side 24 arranged horizontally and in parallel, the first horizontal side 23 is located at the upper part, the second horizontal side 24 is located at the lower part, and the length of the first horizontal side 23 is greater than the length of the second horizontal side 24; it also includes a first vertical side 25 and a second vertical side 26 arranged vertically and in parallel, the first vertical side 25 is located at the upper part, and its upper end is combined with the left end of the first horizontal side 23, the second vertical side 26 is located at the lower part, and its lower end is combined with the right end of the second horizontal side 24; it also includes a first oblique side 27 and a second oblique side 28 arranged obliquely, the upper end of the first oblique side 27 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical side 25, the lower end of the first oblique side 27 is connected to the left end of the second horizontal side 24, the upper end of the second oblique side 28 is connected to the right end of the first horizontal side 23, and the lower end of the second oblique side 28 is connected to the upper end of the second vertical side 26.

[0057] Preferably, in the structural design, the feed line includes a first feed line 21 and a second feed line 22. From bottom to top along the height direction of the dielectric plate 2, the first feed line 21 and the second feed line 22 gradually tilt to the left, and the width of the first feed line 21 is smaller than the width of the second feed line 22. Specifically, there is a first feed line 21 and a second feed line 22 on each of the four dielectric plates 2. The four second feed lines 22 are equivalent to forming a four-wall helical antenna. The rotation direction of the second feed line 22 is set to be left-handed along the normal direction of the UHF band antenna. The feeding phase of the four second feed lines 22 is set to be right-handed, so that a right-handed circularly polarized wave with a wider beam can be generated.

[0058] Preferably, the width of the second feeder 22 gradually increases from bottom to top along the height direction of the dielectric plate 2. This setting is to allow the second feeder 22 to form a conical structure. The conical structure has a broadband characteristic, which is conducive to the wide beam of the antenna. The first feeder 21 plays a drainage role, coupling the current of the signal phase branch board 3 line to the second feeder 22, and the width of the first feeder 21 will affect the impedance of the port, so it does not need to be too wide, that is, the width of the first feeder 21 is smaller than the width of the second feeder 22.

[0059] Preferably, the first feeder 21 is strip-shaped, and the first feeder 21 gradually tilts to the left from bottom to top, and the width of the first feeder 21 slightly widens from bottom to top, the top edge 211 of the first feeder 21 is horizontally set, and the bottom end 212 of the first feeder 21 is used to connect to the line feed on the signal phase branch board 3, and the first feeder 21 has two approximately parallel oblique sides, namely the first oblique side 213 and the second oblique side 214, and the first oblique side 213 and the second oblique side 214 are approximately parallel to the first oblique side 27.

[0060] Preferably, the second feed line 22 includes a horizontal extension portion 221 at the upper end, a widened portion 222 in the middle, and a connecting portion 223 at the bottom end, and the horizontal extension portion 221 extends horizontally to the left, the widened portion 222 gradually widens upward from bottom to top, and the connecting portion 223 extends downward to the bottom edge of the dielectric plate 2.

[0061] Preferably, in the structural design, the lines are divided into four, defined as line A1, line A2, line A3 and line A4, and are arranged in a clockwise direction with a phase difference of 90°. In order to feed the above-mentioned four second feeders 22 and form circularly polarized radiation waves, the four lines are welded one-to-one with the first feeders on the four dielectric plates to transmit energy to the first feeder 21.

[0062] Preferably, a main line A0 is provided on the signal phase branch board 3, the main line A0 is connected to the line port K1, one end of the main line A0 is connected to the line port K2, and the other end is connected to the line port K3, wherein the line port K2 is respectively connected to a line A1 and a line A4, and the line port K3 is respectively connected to a line A2 and a line A3.

[0063] Preferably, multiple lines on the signal phase branch plate 3 are connected to the feeder on the dielectric plate 2, and high-frequency current is excited on the feeder. Currents of the same frequency will also be induced between different feeders to form an equivalent capacitor. Similarly, an equivalent capacitor will also be formed between the feeder and the base 1, that is, the current on the feeder will be coupled to the base 1, and the current on the base 1 will be transmitted to the feeder position, forming a current loop and forming an equivalent inductance, which plays a circuit tuning role and can improve the matching effect, thereby expanding the bandwidth, which is beneficial to the wide beam of the antenna. At the same time, the connection structure forming an angle between the dielectric plate 2 and the signal limiting branch plate 3 also enhances the overall structural firmness of the antenna and improves the reliability of the antenna.

[0064] Specifically, multiple lines on the signal phase branch board 3 are directly connected to the first feeder 21, and a high-frequency current is excited on the first feeder 21. The second feeder 22 is close to the first feeder 21, and a capacitive effect is generated between the two. A current of the same frequency is induced on the second feeder 22, which is equivalent to the energy on the first feeder 21 being coupled to the second feeder 22 through the equivalent capacitance.

[0065] The UHF band antenna has a simple structure and is easy to assemble and disassemble. It is also small in size, light in weight, strong in structure and reliable, and has the advantage of a wide beam.

[0066] Coupled feeding is equivalent to introducing a matching network. An equivalent capacitor is formed between the first feeder 21 and the second feeder 22. Similarly, an equivalent capacitor is formed between the second feeder 22 and the base 1. The current on the second feeder 22 will be coupled to the base 1, and the current on the base 1 is transmitted to the feeding position of the first feeder 21, forming a current loop and forming an equivalent inductor. This is equivalent to connecting capacitors and inductors in series to the circuit, which can play a role in circuit tuning, improve the impedance matching effect, and thus expand the bandwidth.

[0067] Preferably, combined with Figure 8 and Figure 9 A supporting foot 4 is provided on the base 1. The supporting foot 4 has a supporting surface 41. The supporting surface 41 is used to fit the outer surface of the supporting medium plate 2 to enhance the firmness and stability of the medium plate 2.

[0068] Preferably, the support foot 4 has a vertically opened fixing groove 42, and a screw hole 421 for fixing is opened on the bottom surface of the fixing groove 42, for example, the support foot 4 is fixed on a base for installing an antenna.

[0069] Preferably, the S-band antenna includes multiple antenna units S1 and multiple corresponding transceiver synthesis units S2. The multiple antenna units S1 are mounted on a support frame in an enclosed manner to form a ring. Each transceiver synthesis unit S2 is correspondingly arranged below each antenna unit S1. The base 1 is arranged below the transceiver synthesis unit S2. The antenna unit S1 includes a first mounting plate S11 and a metal layer S12. The metal layer S12 is insulated and arranged on the upper surface of the first mounting plate S11 and is electrically insulated from the first mounting plate S11. An interface S21 is provided on the top of the transceiver synthesis unit S2, and the metal layer S12 is electrically connected to the interface S21. Specifically, there is a gap between adjacent antenna units S1. There are eight antenna units S1 and eight transceiver synthesis units S2. The eight transceiver synthesis units S2 are arranged in a ring. The antenna unit S1 is in the shape of a ring, and one receiving and transmitting synthesis unit S2 corresponds to the upper and lower parts of the antenna unit S1. There is a gap between the adjacent antenna units S1, that is, the multiple antenna units S1 enclosed in a ring are actually composed of eight independent small units, and the diameter of the ring formed by the eight antenna units S1 is 300mm. The significance of setting the gap is to divide the ring-shaped antenna unit S1 into multiple small units through the gap. The size of each small unit becomes smaller, which can reduce the influence of the entire ring-shaped antenna unit S1 on the radiation pattern and improve the low elevation angle gain. In this way, the multiple antenna units and the corresponding receiving and transmitting synthesis units can be controlled separately, and the synthetic radiation pattern of the antenna can be changed according to the spatial position of the satellite passing overhead, so that the direction of the antenna can change with the position of the satellite.

[0070] Preferably, combined with Figure 10 In the step of determining the support structure, a support frame 5 is also included. The support frame 5 is arranged on the signal phase branch plate 3. The support frame 5 includes multiple support plates 51, a support plate and multiple support beams. The support plate is arranged below the antenna unit. Multiple support beams are connected to the edge of the support plate and enclose the support plate. The support beams are connected to the upper part of the support plate. The lower part of the support plate 51 is tilted inward, and the lower part of the support plate is connected to the base. The support plate is used to fit and support multiple antenna units. The support plate is used to fit and support multiple dielectric plates to enhance the support stability of the S-band antenna model and the UHF-band antenna model.

[0071] Preferably, the angle formed by the support plate 51 and the signal phase branch plate 3 is the same as the angle formed by the dielectric plate 2 and the signal phase branch plate 3. The support plate 51 is used to fit the inner surface of the supporting dielectric plate 2 to enhance the firmness of the dielectric plate 2, and then cooperate with the above-mentioned support feet 4 to support the outer surface of the dielectric plate 2 to further enhance the stability and firmness of the dielectric plate 2.

[0072] Further preferably, there are four support plates 51 and four support beams 52, and the four support plates 51 are surrounded and enclosed, and the four support beams 52 are surrounded and enclosed to form a rectangular support, each support beam 52 is connected to a support plate 51, and the angle formed by the support plate 51 and the signal phase branch plate 3 is the same as the angle formed by the dielectric plate 2 and the signal phase branch plate 3. The support plate 51 is used to fit the inner surface of the supporting dielectric plate 2 to enhance the firmness of the dielectric plate 2, and then cooperate with the support of the support feet 4 on the outer surface of the dielectric plate 2 to further enhance the stability and firmness of the dielectric plate 2.

[0073] Preferably, the lower portion of the support plate 51 is inclined inwardly at an angle ranging from 20° to 70°.

[0074] Preferably, the support plate 51 and the support beam 52 are combined on a surface, and the surface where the support beam 52 and the support plate 51 are combined is an inclined surface, and the angle of the inclined surface is the same as the inward inclination angle of the lower part of the support plate 51.

[0075] Preferably, screw holes 411 are provided on the support surface 41 for connecting with the dielectric plate 2 and the support plate 51 by screws or bolts, thereby enhancing the connection stability between the structures.

[0076] Preferably, the inclination angle of the support surface 41 is the same as the inclination angle of the support plate 51 .

[0077] Preferably, the four support beams 52 are enclosed to form a square, which is conducive to uniform support of the support beams 52.

[0078] Preferably, the lower portions of the four support plates 51 are tilted inward, that is, the opening formed by the upper edges of the four support plates 51 is larger than the opening formed by the lower edges of the four support plates 51. This allows the lower edges of the support plates 51 to be firmly supported, and on the other hand, reduces the space area occupied by the lower edges of the support plates 51, thereby reducing the overall volume of the support frame 5.

[0079] Preferably, the inclination angle of the support plate 51 is the same as the inclination angle of the dielectric plate 2 .

[0080] Preferably, the width of the support plate 51 gradually increases from bottom to top, and the body of the support plate 51 gradually tilts leftward from bottom to top, in order to better fit the dielectric plate 2 .

[0081] Preferably, a plurality of mutually cross-connected reinforcing ribs 511 are provided on the body of the support plate 51 . The provision of the reinforcing ribs 511 enhances the structural firmness of the support plate 51 and enhances the supporting stability of the support plate 51 .

[0082] Preferably, the support frame 5 is made of nylon.

[0083] Preferably, combined with Figure 11The support plate 51 is a straight hexagonal structure as a whole, including a first horizontal side 101 and a second horizontal side 102 arranged horizontally and parallel, the first horizontal side 101 is located at the upper part, the second horizontal side 102 is located at the lower part, and the length of the first horizontal side 101 is greater than the length of the second horizontal side 102; it also includes a first vertical side 103 and a second vertical side 104 arranged vertically and parallel, the first vertical side 103 is located at the upper part, and its upper end is combined with the left end of the first horizontal side 101, and the second vertical side 104 is located at the lower part, and its lower end is combined with the right end of the second horizontal side 102; it also includes a first inclined side 105 and a second inclined side 106 arranged obliquely, the upper end of the first inclined side 105 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical side 103, the lower end of the first inclined side 105 is connected to the left end of the second horizontal side 102, the upper end of the second inclined side 106 is connected to the right end of the first horizontal side 101, and the lower end of the second inclined side 106 is connected to the upper end of the second vertical side 104. The shape of the support plate 51 is adapted to the shape of the medium plate 2.

[0084] Preferably, the side walls of the plurality of support beams 52 are connected to the edges of the support plate 53 and enclose the support plate 53. This arrangement enables the support beams 52 to be connected to the support plate 53 in a surrounding manner, thereby enhancing the stability of the support plate 53 itself.

[0085] Preferably, four connecting parts 531 extend from the edge of the support plate 53, and the four connecting parts 531 are respectively connected to the middle positions of the four support beams 52. The setting of the connecting parts 531 enhances the connection stability between the support plate 53 and the support beam 52, making the support of the support plate 53 more stable. At the same time, the setting of the connecting parts 531 also enables the support plate 53 to be quickly disassembled and assembled from the support beam 52, specifically by connecting the support plate 53 and the support beam 52 through screws.

[0086] Further preferably, the connecting portion 531 is square, and a screw hole is provided on the connecting portion 531 to facilitate screw fixation.

[0087] Preferably, a first through hole 532 is defined at the center of the support plate 53 , and a plurality of second through holes 533 are defined in a ring shape around the first through hole 532 . The second through holes 533 correspond to the first through holes S131 in a vertical direction.

[0088] Further preferably, the plurality of second via holes 533 are evenly arranged in a ring around the center point of the support plate 53 , the second via holes 533 are oblong holes, and each second via hole 533 corresponds to the metal layer S12 above and below.

[0089] Preferably, a support foot fixing hole is opened on the lower edge of the support plate 51, and the support foot fixing hole includes a first support foot fixing hole 107 and a second support foot fixing hole 108. The first support foot fixing hole 107 is located on the lower left side of the support plate 51, and the second support foot fixing hole 108 is located on the lower right side of the support plate 51, that is, the support foot fixing hole and the screw hole 411 are fastened together by screws, so that the support foot 4 is fitly connected to the support plate 51.

[0090] Preferably, combined with Figure 12 The support beam 52 and the support plate 51 are integrally formed, making the structure more solid, or the support beam 52 and the support plate 51 are in surface contact, that is, the edge where the support beam 52 contacts the support plate 51 is a slope, which is convenient for fitting the surface of the support plate 51.

[0091] Preferably, the inclination angle of the support surface 41 is the same as the inclination angle of the support plate 51 .

[0092] Preferably, the size of the base 1 is: 480 mm long*480 mm wide.

[0093] Preferably, the base 1 includes a base body 11 and a cover plate 12. A base body opening that passes through the upper and lower parts is opened in the middle of the base body 11. In order to facilitate the installation of the S-band antenna, the base body opening has a cavity inside the base body 11. The cavity is connected to the outside world downward and to the base body opening upward. The cover plate 12 is arranged at the bottom of the base body 11, and the cover plate 12 covers the cavity.

[0094] Preferably, a navigation positioning antenna 7 is provided on the base 1. Specifically, a navigation positioning antenna 7 is provided at two diagonal positions of the base 1, and a navigation positioning antenna 7 is also provided at the center surrounded by multiple transceiver synthesis units S2. The navigation positioning antenna 7 is used for positioning and navigation.

[0095] Preferably, the antenna unit S1 includes a first mounting plate S11 and a metal layer S12, the metal layer S12 is insulated and arranged on the upper surface of the first mounting plate S11, an interface S21 is arranged on the top of the transceiver combining unit S2, and the metal layer S12 is electrically connected to the interface S21.

[0096] Further preferably, multiple antenna units S1 are enclosed to form a ring, the transceiver synthesis unit S2 is arranged below the antenna unit S1, the base 1 is arranged below the transceiver synthesis unit S2, the antenna unit S1 includes a first mounting plate S11 and a metal layer S12, the metal layer S12 is arranged on the upper surface of the first mounting plate S11 and is electrically connected to the first mounting plate S11, an interface S21 is provided at the top of the transceiver synthesis unit S2, and the metal layer S12 is electrically connected to the interface S21.

[0097] Preferably, there is a gap between adjacent antenna units S1. Specifically, there are eight antenna units S1 and eight transceiver synthesis units S2. The eight transceiver synthesis units S2 are arranged in a ring, and one antenna unit S1 corresponds to a transceiver synthesis unit S2 above and below. There is a gap between adjacent antenna units S1, that is, the multiple antenna units S1 enclosed in a ring are actually composed of eight independent small units, and the diameter of the ring formed by the eight antenna units S1 is 300 mm. The reason why there are gaps or slits between the multiple antenna units S1 is that the diameter of 300 mm is close to the half wavelength of the highest frequency point of 415 MHz in the UHF band, which will cause resonance and affect the radiation pattern, making the beam narrower and the pitch angle gain decreased. By setting multiple antenna units S1 in a ring shape with gaps between adjacent ones, the S-band antenna can be segmented, so that the size of each small unit is much smaller than the UHF band wavelength, significantly reducing the overall impact of the UHF band antenna on its radiation pattern, and improving the low elevation angle gain.

[0098] Preferably, a first metal plate S13 is provided below the first mounting plate S11.

[0099] Preferably, specifically, the support plate 53 is horizontally arranged, and the support plate 53 supports the first metal plate S13 . The support plate 53 is disc-shaped, and the support plate 53 is adapted to the shape of the plurality of annularly arranged first metal plates S13 .

[0100] Preferably, a feeder for electrically connecting to the metal layer S12 is provided in the first mounting plate S11. Specifically, the feeder is vertically arranged, with the lower end of the feeder connected to the first mounting plate S11 and the upper end of the feeder connected to the metal layer S12.

[0101] Preferably, combined with Figure 13 The first mounting plate S11 includes a substrate S111 made of metal material, a first raised layer S112 made of insulating material, and a second raised layer S113 made of insulating material, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The substrate S111 is a fan-shaped with the sharp corners cut off. The first raised layer S112 is arranged on the substrate S111, and the second raised layer S113 is arranged on the first raised layer S112. The sizes of the substrate S111, the first raised layer S112, and the second raised layer S113 decrease in sequence. The first raised layer S112 is a raised plate-like structure, and the second raised layer S113 is a rectangular parallelepiped. The metal layer S12 includes a first metal layer S121 and a second metal layer S122. The first metal layer S121 is covered and arranged on the upper surface of the first raised layer S112. The second metal layer S122 is a hollow structure and is arranged on the upper surface of the second raised layer S113 around the periphery of the first raised layer S112.

[0102] Preferably, the first metal plate S13 is in the shape of a sector with sharp corners cut off, and the shape is adapted to the shape of the base plate S111 of the first mounting plate S11.

[0103] Further preferably, a first through hole S131 is formed on the first metal plate S13, and the first through hole S131 corresponds to the upper and lower positions of the feeder line, that is, the vertical projection of the feeder line falls into the first through hole S131.

[0104] Preferably, combined with Figure 14 The metal layer S12 includes a first metal layer S121 and a second metal layer S122. The first metal layer S121 is arranged on the upper surface of the first raised layer S112, and the second metal layer S122 is arranged on the upper surface of the second raised layer S113. A first wire D1 and a second wire D2 are arranged inside the first mounting board S11. The first metal layer S121 is connected to the first end of the first wire D1, and the second metal layer S122 is connected to the first end of the second wire D2. Specifically, there are two feeders. The first metal layer S121 is connected to the first end of the first wire D1 through one of the feeders, and the second metal layer S122 is connected to the second wire D2 through another feeder. The second end of the first wire D1 and the second end of the second wire D2 are connected to the interface S21 at the top of the transceiver combining unit S2. More specifically, each transceiver combining unit S2 has two interfaces S21 on the top, the second end of the first wire D1 is connected to one of the interfaces S21, and the second end of the second wire D2 is connected to the other interface S21.

[0105] Preferably, the transceiver combining unit S2 is vertically arranged in a column shape.

[0106] Preferably, combined with Figure 15 , the antenna standing wave ratio can reach 1.76, which meets the requirement of standing wave ratio less than 2.0.

[0107] The following table shows the influence of whether the dielectric plate 2 is tilted and whether there is a gap between multiple antenna units S1 on the antenna:

[0108] Beam width° 60° average gain dBi 60° minimum gain dBi No tilt, no division 79～90 -0.4 -1.13 Tilt, undivided 86～96 0.4 -0.15 No tilt, no split 85～99 0.8 0.12 Tilt, split 87～110 1.1 0.22

[0109] It can be seen from the above table that the tilting of the dielectric plate 2 and the presence of gaps between the antenna units S1 can broaden the beam width, while significantly improving the gain at low elevation angles (60° away from the normal).

[0110] The following are specific embodiments of the above-mentioned influence of whether the dielectric plate 2 is tilted and whether there are gaps between the multiple antenna units S1 on the antenna:

[0111] 1): The dielectric plate is not tilted and there is no gap between the antenna units. Figure 16 and Figure 17 .

[0112] At this time, the average gain of the 415MHz band at a 60° deviation from the normal direction is around -0.4dBi, with a minimum of -1.13dBi. The 3dB beamwidth is between 79° and 90°.

[0113] 2): The dielectric plate is tilted, and there is no gap between the antenna units. Figure 18 and Figure 19 .

[0114] At this time, the average gain of the 415MHz band at a 60° deviation from the normal direction is around 0.4dBi, with a minimum of -0.15dBi. The 3dB beamwidth is between 86° and 96°.

[0115] 3): The dielectric plate is not tilted, and there are gaps between the antenna units. Figure 20 and Figure 21 .

[0116] At this time, the average gain of the 415MHz band at a 60° deviation from the normal is around 0.8dBi, with a minimum of 0.12dBi. The 3dB beamwidth is between 85° and 99°.

[0117] 4): The dielectric plate is tilted and there are gaps between the antenna units. Figure 22 and Figure 23 .

[0118] At this point, the average gain at the worst frequency point (335MHz) within the band, 60° away from normal, is around 1.1dBi, with a minimum of 0.22dBi. The 3dB beamwidth is between 87° and 110°.

[0119] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention discloses a multi-band satellite communication antenna design method, comprising the following steps: constructing an antenna model, including an integrated design of a UHF-band antenna model and an S-band antenna model; simulation optimization, simulating various structural combinations of the integrated design of the UHF-band antenna model and the S-band antenna model, and determining the optimal structural combination based on the obtained optimal simulation parameters; and determining a support structure, determining a support frame for the antenna model based on the optimal structural combination. This multi-band satellite communication antenna design method designs and implements the coexistence of dual-band antennas, achieving a wide beam, high gain, and miniaturization of the antenna, thereby improving antenna reliability.

[0120] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing a multi-band satellite communication antenna, characterized in that: Including steps: Constructing an antenna model, including integrated design of a UHF band antenna model and an S band antenna model; the UHF band antenna model includes multiple dielectric plates, a signal phase splitter plate, and a base; the S band antenna model includes multiple antenna units and multiple transceiver combining units arranged in a ring; Simulation optimization: simulating various structural combinations of the integrated design of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model, and determining the optimal structural combination based on the obtained optimal simulation parameters; The method includes: performing multiple structural combinations on the tilt angle of the dielectric plate in the UHF band antenna model and the separation gap of the antenna unit in the S band antenna model, and then comparing the simulation parameters to obtain the optimal simulation parameters; Determine the support structure, and determine the support frame of the antenna model based on the optimal structural combination.

2. The multi-band satellite communication antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the construction of the antenna model, the integrated design of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model includes structural design, size design and quantity design, and determines the structure, size and quantity of the UHF band antenna model and the S band antenna model.

3. The multi-band satellite communication antenna design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the structural design, multiple dielectric plates are arranged on the signal phase shunt plate, and the signal phase shunt plate is arranged on the base. The dielectric plate and the signal phase shunt plate form an angle, and multiple dielectric plates enclose the S-band antenna model. The dielectric plate has a feed line, and the signal phase shunt plate has multiple lines, and the lines are connected to the feed line.

4. The multi-band satellite communication antenna design method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the structural design, the transceiver combining unit is arranged below the antenna unit, and the antenna unit is connected to the transceiver combining unit.

5. The multi-band satellite communication antenna design method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the quantity design, the number of dielectric plates in the UHF band antenna model is four, the number of antenna units in the S band antenna model is eight, and the number of corresponding transceiver combining units is eight.

6. The multi-band satellite communication antenna design method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The size design includes: the size of the opening formed by the upper edges of the four dielectric plates is larger than the size of the opening formed by the lower edges of the four dielectric plates.

7. The multi-band satellite communication antenna design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step of determining the supporting structure, the support frame includes multiple support plates, a support plate and multiple support beams. The support plate is arranged below the antenna unit. The multiple support beams are connected to the edges of the support plate and surround the support plate. The support beams are connected to the upper part of the support plate, and the lower part of the support plate is connected to the base. The support plate is used to fit and support the multiple antenna units, and the support plate is used to fit and support the multiple dielectric plates.

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