A fully automatic laser welding method and device for street light poles

Abstract

The present invention proposes a fully automatic laser welding method and device for street light poles, which mainly includes an automatic feeding system, a pressure adaptive adjustment tool and its control system, a laser welding focal length adaptive adjustment device, a swing laser welding head with automatic weld tracking, a welding head posture adjustment structure, a laser and optical system, an airflow system, etc. The present invention proposes a fully automatic laser welding technology and equipment for lamp poles to achieve efficient, green and high-quality welding of street light poles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of full-automatic laser welding of street light poles, and in particular relates to a full-automatic laser welding method and device for street light poles. Background Art

[0002] At present, street light poles are generally welded by submerged arc welding. This method has low welding efficiency, high labor intensity, large welding deformation, serious environmental pollution, and the weld needs to be post-processed after welding. It requires a relatively high level of technical proficiency of the welding workers, is not very suitable for the development requirements of green and automated production, and cannot meet certain situations with high requirements for welding quality (high strength, deep penetration, high surface quality, etc.). In response to this problem, the present invention proposes a lamp pole fully automatic laser welding technology and equipment to achieve efficient, green, and high-quality welding of street light poles. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a fully automatic laser welding method and device for street light poles, which mainly includes an automatic feeding system, a tooling with self-adaptive pressure adjustment and its control system, a laser welding focal length self-adaptive adjustment device, a swinging laser welding head with automatic weld tracking, a welding head posture adjustment structure, a laser and optical system, an airflow system, etc. The device is used to achieve high-quality and high-efficiency welding of street light poles.

[0004] The present invention provides a fully automatic laser welding device for street light poles, which comprises an automatic feeding system, a tooling with self-adaptive pressure adjustment and its control system, a laser welding focal length self-adaptive adjustment device, a swinging laser welding head with automatic weld seam tracking, a welding head posture adjustment structure, a laser and an optical system and an airflow system, and is characterized in that:

[0005] The automatic feeding system includes a guide rail, a feed motor, a street light pole support frame and a feed speed control system. The length of the guide rail is determined according to the length of the street light pole. The feed motor is a DC motor, which is arranged above one end of the guide rail. The street light pole support frame is fixed on the feed motor. As the feed motor moves, the street light pole is pushed forward along the guide rail. The feed speed control system includes a frequency converter, through which the feed direction and feed speed are set;

[0006] The pressure adaptive adjustment tooling and pressure adaptive adjustment control system, the pressure adaptive adjustment tooling is arranged at the other end of the street light pole, the pressure adaptive adjustment system includes a street light pole diameter detection system at the welding position, a database system and a PLC control and execution system, the street light pole diameter detection at the welding position adopts a displacement sensor, and the current pole diameter at the welding position is calculated according to the displacement sensor data, the database system includes the street light pole model, wall thickness, material, length, and tooling pressure under different welding diameters, and the PLC control system adjusts the applied pressure according to the measured diameter;

[0007] The laser welding focal length adaptive adjustment device is an adjustment frame fixed on the tooling, one end of the adjustment frame is hard-connected to the pressure tooling, and the other end is fixed to the laser swing welding head;

[0008] The oscillating laser welding head with automatic weld seam tracking comprises a laser oscillating welding head and an automatic weld seam tracking system, wherein the welding tracking system is placed 5-50 cm in front of the laser oscillating welding head;

[0009] The welding head posture adjustment structure, the laser oscillating welding head is connected to the adjustment frame with a Z-axis automatic displacement stage and an X-axis automatic displacement stage, one side of the X-axis automatic displacement stage has a motor, and the Z-axis automatic displacement stage is an angle fine-tuning device or a mechanical pad;

[0010] The laser and optical system includes a high-power laser and a laser oscillating welding head;

[0011] The air flow system comprises an inert gas protection system and a compressed air knife protection system.

[0012] As a further improvement of the device of the present invention, the feeding speed of the feeding motor is adjustable between 1 m-5 m / min.

[0013] As a further improvement of the device of the present invention, the pressure tooling is a multi-tooth tightening device driven by a hydraulic pressure, the tightening teeth of the multi-tooth tightening device have an even number of teeth and are evenly distributed on the circumference, at the end of each tightening tooth is a group of rollers, the number of rollers is 4-8, the rollers are evenly distributed on the tightening teeth, one of the rollers arranged on the upper tightening teeth is a positioning roller and the rest are pressure rollers, the center of the circumferential surface of the positioning roller has a positioning tooth with a thickness of 1-2 mm, and the positioning tooth penetrates deep into the weld during welding.

[0014] As a further improvement of the device of the present invention, the automatic welding seam tracking system is based on a visual, line-matched laser sensor and an X-axis and algorithm processing system working in coordination therewith.

[0015] As a further improvement of the device of the present invention, the high-power laser is an optical fiber laser or a solid laser or a semiconductor laser or a disk laser transmitted by an optical fiber, and the power is greater than 2000W.

[0016] As a further improvement of the device of the present invention, the laser oscillating welding head can realize the oscillation of the laser beam, and the oscillation diameter and frequency are adjustable, with the diameter being between 1 mm and 8 mm and the frequency being between 5 and 5 KHz.

[0017] As a further improvement to the device of the present invention, the inert gas of the gas flow system is nitrogen or argon.

[0018] The present invention provides a welding method of a street light pole full-automatic laser welding device, and the specific method is as follows:

[0019] Step 1: Install the street light pole;

[0020] Place the large end of the lamp pole on the lamp pole support frame, and the small end on the fixture system. Drive the tightening teeth through the hydraulic system to apply pressure to the lamp pole in the fixture, insert the protrusion of the positioning roller into the weld, apply pressure and tighten, so that the lamp pole is in a compressed state;

[0021] The method for determining the amount of pressure applied is as follows: according to the thickness and material of the lamp pole, the initial pressure is set to 2Mpa;

[0022] When the front end of the lamp pole enters the pressure fixture, the displacement x is set to zero. As the welding progresses, the displacement x changes. At this time, the applied pressure F should also be adjusted in real time according to the size of the displacement. There is a linear relationship between the two. The linear relationship should be set according to the thickness d of the welded workpiece and the type of material. F0 is the initial pressure.

[0023] F=f(d)×x+F0

[0024] Step 2: Adjust the welding angle and defocus amount;

[0025] The welding angle is adjusted by adjusting the pitch angle of the adjustment frame. After the process is determined, the angle will not be adjusted anymore. After the welding angle is determined, the defocus amount is adjusted by adjusting the Z axis. After the process is determined, the defocus amount will not be adjusted anymore. There is a linear relationship between the adjustment size Δf of the defocus amount and the adjustment ΔZ in the Z direction:

[0026] Δf=ΔZ÷sin(θ-α)

[0027] Among them, Δf is the defocus adjustment size, ΔZ is the Z-axis adjustment amount, α is the change angle of the street light pole from thin to thick, and θ is the pitch angle of the adjustment frame;

[0028] Step 3: Light pole welding;

[0029] (1) Turn on the laser weld tracking system and calibrate the initial position of the weld to make it in normal working condition;

[0030] (2) Set welding parameters, including laser power, welding speed, welding head beam swing diameter and swing frequency. The beam swing radius is set as follows:

[0031] In order to ensure the welding quality and achieve the lamp pole welding penetration greater than 3 / 4 thickness, there is a relationship between the welding head swing diameter D and the material thickness h and the weld gap Δd:

[0032]

[0033] (3) Turn on the shielding gas, set the inert gas output pressure, set the air knife shielding gas pressure, and perform oxidation protection on the weld by side-blowing;

[0034] (4) Start the system, the lamp pole moves, the laser emits light, and welding proceeds normally;

[0035] (5) After the lamp pole is welded, turn off the system and remove the lamp pole.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The present invention proposes a fully automatic laser welding method and device for street light poles, which mainly include an automatic feeding system, a tooling with self-adaptive pressure adjustment and its control system, a laser welding focal length self-adaptive adjustment device, a swinging laser welding head with automatic weld seam tracking, a welding head posture adjustment structure, a laser and optical system, an airflow system, etc.

[0038] The automatic feeding system mainly includes guide rails, feed motor (DC motor), street light pole support frame and feed speed control system (frequency converter);

[0039] The pressure self-adapting adjustment tool and its control system include a pressure tool and a pressure self-adapting adjustment control system. The tool pressure is applied to the street light pole through a roller. The pressure self-adapting adjustment system includes a street light pole diameter detection system at the welding position, a database system and a PLC control and execution system.

[0040] The laser welding focal length adaptive adjustment device is fixed on a mechanical mechanism on the tooling, which solves the problems of poor stability and complex system of traditional focal length adjustment using displacement sensors. It realizes automatic focusing through only a mechanical structure, which is simple, efficient and high-precision.

[0041] The oscillating laser welding head with automatic weld seam tracking mainly includes an oscillating laser welding head and an automatic weld seam tracking system.

[0042] The welding head posture adjustment structure is mainly used to adjust the welding angle and defocus. The welding angle is adjusted by adjusting the pitch angle of the adjustment frame.

[0043] Laser and optical systems, mainly including high-power lasers and laser oscillating welding heads.

[0044] The gas flow system mainly includes an inert gas protection system and a compressed air knife protection system. The inert gas is generally nitrogen, argon, etc., which is used to protect the weld from oxidation by side-blowing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the laser welding system for automatic welding of street light poles of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the roller pressure system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning wheel structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the automatic pressure regulating device of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the laser welding focal length follow-up adjustment system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the weld tracking system of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the welding posture and defocus adjustment system of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the laser welding head and the street light pole of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9 This is a photo of the actual object of the present invention;

[0054] Reference numerals;

[0055] 1. Guide rail; 2. DC motor; 3. Street light pole support frame; 4. Street light pole; 5. Pressure tooling; 5-1. Positioning roller; 5-1-1. Positioning tooth; 5-2. Pressure roller; 6. Displacement sensor; 7. Swing welding head; 8. Laser sensor; 9. X-axis automatic translation stage; 10. Adjustment frame; 11. Z-axis automatic translation stage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0057] The present invention provides a lamp pole full-automatic laser welding technology and equipment to achieve efficient, green and high-quality welding of street light poles.

[0058] As a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention, the present invention provides a fully automatic laser welding device for street light poles. Figure 1 As shown in the actual picture Fig. 9 The main components shown include an automated feeding system, a pressure adaptive adjustment tool and its control system, a laser welding focal length adaptive adjustment device, an oscillating laser welding head with automatic weld tracking, a welding head posture adjustment structure, a laser and optical system, an airflow system, etc.

[0059] The automatic feeding system mainly includes a guide rail 1, a feed motor, a street light pole support frame 3 and a feed speed control system, and the feed speed control system includes a frequency converter. The length of the guide rail 1 is determined according to the length of the street light pole 4, generally between 3-20 meters; the feed motor is generally a DC motor 2, and its feed speed is adjustable between 1m-5m / min; the street light pole support frame 3 is fixed on the feed motor, and as the feed motor moves, it pushes the street light pole 4 forward; the feed motor control system realizes the setting of the feed direction (forward, backward) and feed speed through the frequency converter.

[0060] The pressure self-adapting adjustment tool and its control system mainly include a pressure tool 5 and a pressure self-adapting adjustment control system. Figure 2 The figure shows a group of hydraulically driven multi-tooth tightening devices, the number of teeth is generally an even number (4, 6, 8, etc.), and is evenly distributed on the circumference. At the end of each tightening tooth is a group of rollers, the number of rollers is generally 4-8, and the tooling pressure is applied to the street light pole through the rollers. Among them, there is a positioning roller 5-1 inside the tightening tooth roller just above the light pole, and the rest are pressure rollers 5-2. The positioning roller 5-1 is as shown in FIG. Figure 3 There is a positioning tooth 5-1-1 with a thickness of 1-2mm in the center of the circumferential surface. During the welding process, the positioning tooth 5-1-1 penetrates into the weld and plays a preliminary positioning role for the weld to prevent the weld from deviating too much from the center. Figure 4 The system shown includes a diameter detection system for the street light pole 4 at the welding position, a database system, and a PLC control and execution system. The diameter detection of the street light pole 4 at the welding position uses a displacement sensor 6, and the current diameter of the light pole at the welding position is calculated based on the data of the displacement sensor 6. The database system includes the street light pole model, wall thickness, material, length, and tooling pressure under different welding diameters. The PLC control system adjusts the applied pressure according to the measured diameter to ensure the splicing weld, and the light pole will not be squeezed and deformed.

[0061] When the front end of the lamp pole enters the pressure fixture, the displacement x is set to zero. As welding progresses, the displacement x changes. At this time, the applied pressure F should also be adjusted in real time according to the size of the displacement. There is a linear relationship between the two. The linear relationship should be set according to the thickness d of the welded workpiece and the type of material. F0 is the initial pressure.

[0062] F=f(d)×x+F0

[0063] The laser welding focal length adaptive adjustment device is as follows Figure 5 As shown, an adjustment frame 10 is fixed on the tooling, one end of the adjustment frame 10 is hard-connected to the pressure tooling 5, and the other end is fixed with the laser oscillating welding head 7. As the welding diameter of the street light pole changes, the distance from the laser welding head to the weld to be welded can be always maintained, which solves the problems of poor stability and complex system of traditional focal length adjustment using displacement sensors, and realizes automatic focusing only through a mechanical structure, which is simple, efficient and high-precision.

[0064] The oscillating laser welding head with automatic weld tracking is as follows Figure 6 As shown, there are mainly laser oscillating welding head 7 and weld seam automatic tracking system, and the weld seam tracking system is placed 5-50cm in front of the laser oscillating welding head 7. Among them, the weld seam tracking system is generally a visual sensor or a line laser sensor 8 and an X-axis and an algorithm processing system that work together with it, wherein the X-axis is used to fine-tune the position of the laser head to ensure that its welding point is just on the weld seam, and the algorithm processing system controls the offset of the X-axis through the X-axis automatic displacement stage 9 according to the offset measured by the sensor; the laser oscillating welding head 7 is a laser welding head that can set the beam swing diameter (weld seam width) as needed.

[0065] The welding head posture adjustment structure is mainly used to adjust the welding angle and defocus amount. Figure 7 . The Z-axis is adjusted by the Z-axis automatic translation stage 11 to adjust the defocus amount. The angle between the laser oscillating welding head 7 and the workpiece is adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle θ of the adjustment frame. The welding angle is generally between 60-75 degrees. The adjustment method of the inclination angle of the adjustment frame can be achieved by using an angle fine-tuning device or by adding a mechanical pad. After the welding angle is determined, the Z-axis is manually adjusted, and the defocus position is determined by observing the laser welding sparks and plasma effects. The defocus amount is generally +3-+10mm or -3--10mm.

[0066] The welding angle is adjusted by adjusting the pitch angle of the adjustment frame. Once the process is determined, the angle will not be adjusted again. After the welding angle is determined, the defocus amount is adjusted by adjusting the Z axis. Once the process is determined, the defocus amount will not be adjusted again. There is a linear relationship between the defocus amount adjustment Δf and the Z-axis adjustment ΔZ:

[0067] Δf=ΔZ÷sin(θ-α)

[0068] Among them, Δf is the defocus adjustment size, ΔZ is the Z-axis adjustment amount, α is the change angle from thin to thick of the street light pole, and θ is the pitch angle of the adjustment frame.

[0069] The laser and optical system mainly includes a high-power laser and a laser oscillating welding head. The high-power laser is generally a fiber laser, solid laser, semiconductor laser, disk laser, etc. transmitted by optical fiber, and the power is generally greater than 2000W; the laser oscillating welding head can realize the oscillation of the laser beam, and the oscillation diameter and frequency are adjustable, the diameter is generally between 1mm-8mm, and the frequency is generally between 5-5KHz.

[0070] In order to ensure the welding quality and achieve the lamp pole welding penetration greater than 3 / 4 thickness, there is a relationship between the welding head swing diameter D and the material thickness h and the weld gap Δd as follows: Figure 8 As shown:

[0071]

[0072] The gas flow system mainly includes an inert gas protection system and a compressed air knife protection system. The inert gas is generally nitrogen, argon, etc., and the weld is protected from oxidation by side-blowing.

[0073] The welding method of the present invention has the following embodiments:

[0074] Welding of carbon steel street light poles with a thickness of 3mm and a length of 6m;

[0075] Step 1: Install the street light pole. Place the large end of the light pole on the light pole support frame, and the small end on the fixture system. Use the hydraulic system to drive the tightening teeth to apply pressure to the light pole in the fixture, insert the protrusion of the positioning roller into the weld, apply pressure and tighten, so that the light pole is in a compressed state. The method for determining the amount of pressure applied is: according to the thickness and material of the light pole, the initial pressure F0 is set to 2MPa. During the welding process, the pressure will be adjusted in real time according to the displacement x, and the adjustment formula is:

[0076]

[0077] Step 2: Adjust the welding angle and defocus. The laser head tilt angle θ is 75 degrees, and the defocus is +5mm. Since the diameter of the lamp pole is 8cm at the beginning, 15cm at the end, and the length of the lamp pole is 6m, the change angle α from thin to thick is almost zero, so the defocus adjustment formula is:

[0078] Δf=ΔZ÷sin(θ)

[0079] Therefore, the Z direction needs to be adjusted from 0 position to 4.83 mm, and the Z direction zero position is the Z position when the laser focus is on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0080] Step 3: Light pole welding.

[0081] (1) Turn on the laser weld tracking system and calibrate the initial position of the weld to put it in normal working condition.

[0082] (2) Set the welding parameters, laser power is set to 2800W, welding speed is set to 2.5m / min, welding head beam swing diameter is set to 2.75mm, swing frequency is set to 200HZ. The beam swing radius is set as follows: the weld gap is 0.5mm, the lamp pole thickness h is 3mm, according to:

[0083]

[0084] Therefore, the beam swing radius is 2.75 mm.

[0085] (3) Turn on the protective gas, set the inert gas output pressure to 0.3MPa, and the air knife protective gas pressure to 0.5MPa.

[0086] (4) Start the system, the lamp pole moves, the laser emits light, and welding proceeds normally.

[0087] (5) After the lamp pole is welded, turn off the system and remove the lamp pole.

[0088] The welding effect is as follows:

[0089] Case 1: Welding a 3mm thick, 6m long carbon steel street light pole, welding speed 2.5m / min, laser power 2500W, defocusing amount +5mm, welding head beam swing diameter 2.75mm, laser head tilt angle θ 75 degrees, fixture pressure slowly decreased from 2MPa to 1.4MPa. Welding effect is as follows Fig. 9 shown.

[0090] Case 2: Welding a 4mm thick and 10m long carbon steel street light pole, the welding speed is 1.8m / min, the laser power is 3000W, the defocus is +5mm, the welding head beam swing diameter is 3.5mm, the laser head tilt angle θ is 75 degrees, and the fixture pressure is slowly reduced from 2MPa to 0.6MPa.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any other form of limitation to the present invention. Any modification or equivalent change made based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic laser welding device for street light poles, comprising an automatic feeding system, a pressure adaptive adjustment tool and its control system, a laser welding focal length adaptive adjustment device, a swinging laser welding head with automatic weld tracking, a welding head posture adjustment structure, a laser and an optical system and an airflow system, characterized in that: The automatic feeding system includes a guide rail, a feed motor, a street light pole support frame and a feed speed control system. The length of the guide rail is determined according to the length of the street light pole. The feed motor is a DC motor, which is arranged above one end of the guide rail. The street light pole support frame is fixed on the feed motor. As the feed motor moves, the street light pole is pushed forward along the guide rail. The feed speed control system includes a frequency converter, through which the feed direction and feed speed are set; The pressure self-adaptive adjustment tool and the pressure self-adaptive adjustment control system, the pressure self-adaptive adjustment tool is arranged at the other end of the street light pole, the pressure self-adaptive adjustment control system includes a street light pole diameter detection system at the welding position, Database system and PLC control and execution system. The diameter of the street light pole at the welding position is detected by a displacement sensor. The current diameter of the light pole at the welding position is calculated based on the data of the displacement sensor. The database system includes the street light pole model, wall thickness, material, length, and tooling pressure under different welding diameters. The PLC control system adjusts the applied pressure based on the measured diameter. The laser welding focal length adaptive adjustment device is an adjustment frame fixed on the tooling, one end of the adjustment frame is hard-connected to the pressure tooling, and the other end is fixed to the laser swing welding head; The oscillating laser welding head with automatic weld seam tracking comprises a laser oscillating welding head and an automatic weld seam tracking system, wherein the welding tracking system is placed 5-50 cm in front of the laser oscillating welding head; The welding head posture adjustment structure, the laser oscillating welding head is connected to the adjustment frame with a Z-axis automatic displacement stage and an X-axis automatic displacement stage, one side of the X-axis automatic displacement stage has a motor, and the Z-axis automatic displacement stage is an angle fine-tuning device or a mechanical pad; The laser and optical system includes a high-power laser and a laser oscillating welding head; The air flow system includes an inert gas protection system and a compressed air knife protection system; The pressure tooling is a multi-tooth tightening device driven by a hydraulic pressure, the tightening teeth of the multi-tooth tightening device have an even number of teeth and are evenly distributed on the circumference, each tightening tooth has a group of rollers at the end, the number of rollers is 4-8, and they are evenly distributed on the tightening teeth, one of the rollers arranged on the upper tightening teeth is a positioning roller and the rest are pressure rollers, the center of the circumferential surface of the positioning roller has a positioning tooth with a thickness of 1-2 mm, and the positioning tooth penetrates into the weld during the welding process; The weld seam automatic tracking system is based on a vision, line-matching laser sensor and an X-axis and algorithm processing system working in coordination therewith.

2. According to claim 1, a fully automatic laser welding device for street light poles is characterized in that: The feeding speed of the feeding motor is adjustable between 1m-5m / min.

3. According to claim 1, a fully automatic laser welding device for street light poles is characterized in that: The high-power laser is an optical fiber laser or a solid laser or a semiconductor laser or a disk laser transmitted by an optical fiber, and the power is greater than 2000W.

4. According to claim 1, a fully automatic laser welding device for street light poles is characterized in that: The laser oscillating welding head can realize the oscillation of the laser beam, and the oscillation diameter and frequency are adjustable, the diameter is between 1mm-8mm, and the frequency is between 5-5KHz.

5. According to claim 1, a fully automatic laser welding device for street light poles is characterized in that: The inert gas of the gas flow system is nitrogen or argon.

6. A welding method using the fully automatic laser welding device for street light poles according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the specific method is as follows, characterized in that: Step 1: Install the street light pole; Place the large end of the lamp pole on the lamp pole support frame, and the small end on the fixture system. Drive the tightening teeth through the hydraulic system to apply pressure to the lamp pole in the fixture, insert the protrusion of the positioning roller into the weld, apply pressure and tighten, so that the lamp pole is in a compressed state; The method for determining the amount of pressure applied is as follows: according to the thickness and material of the lamp pole, the initial pressure is set to 2Mpa; When the front end of the lamp pole enters the pressure fixture, the displacement x is set to zero. As the welding progresses, the displacement x changes. At this time, the applied pressure F should also be adjusted in real time according to the size of the displacement. There is a linear relationship between the two. The linear relationship should be set according to the thickness d of the welded workpiece and the type of material. F0 is the initial pressure. F=f(d)×x+F0 Step 2: Adjust the welding angle and defocus amount; The welding angle is adjusted by adjusting the pitch angle of the adjustment frame. After the process is determined, the angle will not be adjusted anymore. After the welding angle is determined, the defocus amount is adjusted by adjusting the Z axis. After the process is determined, the defocus amount will not be adjusted anymore. There is a linear relationship between the adjustment size Δf of the defocus amount and the adjustment ΔZ in the Z direction: Δf=ΔZ÷sin(θ-α) Among them, Δf is the defocus adjustment size, ΔZ is the Z-axis adjustment amount, α is the change angle of the street light pole from thin to thick, and θ is the pitch angle of the adjustment frame; Step 3: Light pole welding; (1) Turn on the laser weld tracking system and calibrate the initial position of the weld to make it in normal working condition; (2) Set welding parameters, including laser power, welding speed, welding head beam swing diameter and swing frequency. The beam swing radius is set as follows: In order to ensure the welding quality and achieve the lamp pole welding penetration greater than 3 / 4 thickness, there is a relationship between the welding head swing diameter D and the material thickness h and the weld gap Δd: (3) Turn on the shielding gas, set the inert gas output pressure, set the air knife shielding gas pressure, and perform oxidation protection on the weld by side-blowing; (4) Start the system, the lamp pole moves, the laser emits light, and welding proceeds normally; (5) After the lamp pole is welded, turn off the system and remove the lamp pole.

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