A full-face excavation device for a tunnel model test

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel model test full-section excavation device, which comprises a support, a speed-regulating motor, a drill rod, a bracket, a cutter head and a plurality of directional casters, the speed-regulating motor is arranged on the support, one end of the drill rod is detachably connected with an output end of the speed-regulating motor, the other end of the drill rod is detachably connected with the cutter head, the bracket is arranged on the front side of the support, the drill rod is arranged on the top of the bracket, and the directional casters are arranged on the bottom of the support and the bracket. The application helps to solve the problem that the existing test often uses a shovel instead of a machine or uses a safety air bag to simulate excavation by gradually unloading pressure when simulating tunnel full-section excavation, the test excavation method is inconsistent with the stress form of actual tunnel excavation, the test cannot truly simulate the tunneling process in the subway tunnel construction, and the test result is distorted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and more specifically to a tunnel model test full-section excavation device. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale development of urban rail transit, the development and utilization of underground space has gradually expanded from shallow to deep. However, the geological characteristics of deep-buried urban tunnels vary, and the factors affecting the stability of the excavation face are complex and variable. Field experiments studying the stress characteristics and deformation patterns of surrounding rock during tunnel excavation in weak strata often pose safety hazards and delay construction. Model tests, with their advantages of high fidelity, high measurement accuracy, and strong operability, are widely used to study the spatiotemporal evolution of deformation in deep-buried urban subway tunnels under external loads.

[0003] However, model tests are scaled-down versions of the prototype, and due to limitations in the cross-sectional dimensions of the tunnel opening, it is difficult to simulate the full-section excavation or shield tunneling process in these tests. Furthermore, existing tests often use shovels instead of machinery or employ airbags to gradually depressurize and simulate excavation when simulating full-section tunnel excavation. These methods do not match the actual stress patterns during tunnel excavation and cannot realistically simulate the tunneling process in subway tunnel construction, leading to distorted test results. Therefore, to study the mechanical response of the surrounding rock during full-section excavation of deeply buried subway tunnels, there is an urgent need for a model test device that can accurately reproduce the full-section excavation process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tunnel model test full-section excavation device that can realistically reproduce the full-section excavation of a tunnel.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a tunnel model test full-section excavation device, including a support, a speed-regulating motor, a drill rod, a bracket, a cutterhead, and multiple directional casters. The speed-regulating motor is mounted on the support. One end of the drill rod is detachably connected to the output end of the speed-regulating motor, and the other end is detachably connected to the cutterhead. The bracket is mounted on the front side of the support, and the drill rod rests on the top of the bracket. The multiple directional casters are respectively mounted on the bottom of the support and the bracket.

[0006] Furthermore, the cutter head includes a base plate, a central plate disposed on the front of the base plate, and two first adjusting plates. The central plate is disposed at the center of the base plate, and the two first adjusting plates are symmetrically located on both sides of the central plate and can slide along the diameter of the base plate respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes two symmetrically arranged first diameter-changing components. The first diameter-changing component includes a first threaded rod, a first worm gear, a first connecting block, two first sliders, and two first connecting rods. The first worm gear is located at the center of the first threaded rod. The threads on both sides of the first threaded rod are symmetrically arranged. The two first sliders are symmetrically threaded to both sides of the first threaded rod. One end of each of the two first connecting rods is hinged to the two first sliders, and the other end is hinged to both sides of the first connecting block.

[0008] The chassis has an installation groove, in which a first worm gear is rotatably mounted. One end of the first worm gear passes through the chassis and the center plate. The first worm wheel meshes with the first worm gear. The front of the chassis also has a first sliding groove through which the first connecting block slides. The first sliding groove is connected to the installation groove. The first connecting block is connected to the first adjusting plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the cutter head also includes two second adjusting discs, which are respectively located between the two first adjusting discs and are symmetrical about the central disc, and the two second adjusting discs can slide along the diameter direction of the chassis.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes two symmetrically arranged second diameter-changing components. The second diameter-changing components include a second threaded rod, a second worm gear, a second connecting block, two second sliders, and two second connecting rods. The second worm gear is located at the center of the second threaded rod. The threads on both sides of the second threaded rod are symmetrically arranged. The two second sliders are symmetrically threaded to both sides of the second threaded rod. One end of each of the two second connecting rods is hinged to the two second sliders, and the other end is hinged to both sides of the second connecting block.

[0011] A second worm gear is rotatably installed in the mounting slot, with one end of the second worm gear passing through the back of the chassis. A partition plate is also provided in the mounting slot to divide the mounting slot into two mounting sections, and the second worm gear and the first worm gear are symmetrically arranged about the partition plate as an axis of symmetry. The second worm wheel meshes with the second worm gear. A second sliding groove is also provided on the front of the chassis and on the partition plate for the second connecting block to slide through, and the second sliding groove is connected to the mounting slot. The second connecting block is connected to the second adjusting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a threaded sleeve is provided at the center of the back of the chassis, one end of the second worm is located inside the threaded sleeve, and the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the drill rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the chassis, the first adjusting plate, and the second adjusting plate are all provided with multiple clearance openings for the detached soil and rock to pass through.

[0014] Furthermore, the bracket and the support frame have the same structure, both including a top plate, a bottom plate, and a lifting assembly disposed between the top plate and the bottom plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a support plate, a threaded sleeve, a lead screw, at least two first support rods, at least two second support rods, and at least two support tubes. The first support rods correspond one-to-one with the support tubes. The support tubes and the threaded sleeves are all disposed on the base plate. The first support rods are disposed below the support plate and can slide within the corresponding support tubes. The lead screw rotatably passes through the support plate and is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve. The second support rods are disposed above the support plate and are connected to the top plate.

[0016] The top plate of the bracket has a groove for mounting the drill rod.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:

[0018] The tunnel model test full-section excavation device of this invention is equipped with a support frame, a speed-regulating motor, a drill rod, a bracket, a cutterhead, and multiple directional casters. During the simulation test, the excavation speed can be freely adjusted via the speed adjustment button attached to the speed-regulating motor, preventing large-scale collapses caused by excessive tunnel excavation speed. The speed-regulating motor is fixed on the support frame to avoid shaking during the excavation process. The bracket supports the drill rod to maintain its stability during drilling. The directional casters are located at the bottom of the support frame and bracket, allowing the support frame and bracket to move only in one specified direction during excavation, ensuring that the excavated tunnel is straight and does not bend. The entire test excavation method conforms to the stress form of actual tunnel excavation, which can realistically simulate the excavation process in subway tunnel construction, improving the reliability of the test process and the accuracy of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of the tunnel model test full-section excavation device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged sectional view of part A;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a front view of the cutter head structure without diameter change according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view of a variable diameter structure of the cutter head of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5This is a front view of another variable diameter structure of the cutter head of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a rear sectional view of the cutter head structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a front sectional view of the cutter head structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a front view of the positional structure of the first and second diameter-changing components of the cutter head of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a side sectional view of the cutter head structure of the present invention.

[0028] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Bracket; 101. Top plate; 1011. Groove; 102. Base plate; 103. Lifting assembly; 1031. Support plate; 1032. Threaded sleeve; 1033. Lead screw; 1034. Scale; 1035. First support rod; 1036. Second support rod; 1037. Support tube; 1038. U-block; 2. Speed-regulating motor; 3. Drill rod; 4. Bracket; 5. Cutter head; 501. Chassis; 5011. Mounting groove; 5012. First worm gear; 5013. First slide groove; 5014. Second worm gear; 5015. Partition plate; 5016. Second slide rail; 5017, clearance opening; 502, center plate; 503, first adjusting plate; 504, second adjusting plate; 505, threaded sleeve; 6, directional caster; 7, first diameter reducing assembly; 701, first threaded rod; 702, first worm gear; 703, first connecting block; 704, first slider; 705, first connecting rod; 8, second diameter reducing assembly; 801, second threaded rod; 802, second worm gear; 803, second connecting block; 804, second slider; 805, second connecting rod; 9, limiting assembly; 901, limiting sleeve; 902, limiting rod; 903, bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture as shown in the figure. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0031] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0032] See Figures 1 to 9 .

[0033] The present invention relates to a tunnel model test full-section excavation device, comprising a support 1, a speed-regulating motor 2, a drill rod 3, a bracket 4, a cutterhead 5, and multiple directional casters 6. The speed-regulating motor 2 is mounted on the support 1. One end of the drill rod 3 is detachably connected to the output end of the speed-regulating motor 2, and the other end is detachably connected to the cutterhead 5. The bracket 4 is mounted on the front side of the support 1, and the drill rod 3 rests on the top of the bracket 4. The multiple directional casters 6 are respectively mounted on the bottom of the support 1 and the bracket 4.

[0034] The tunnel model test full-section excavation device of this invention is equipped with a support 1, a speed-regulating motor 2, a drill rod 3, a bracket 4, a cutterhead 5, and multiple directional casters 6. During the simulation test, the excavation speed can be freely adjusted via the speed adjustment button attached to the speed-regulating motor 2 to prevent large-scale collapses caused by excessive tunnel excavation speed during the test. The speed-regulating motor 2 is fixed on the support 1 to avoid shaking during the excavation process. The bracket 4 supports the drill rod 3 to maintain its stability during drilling. The directional casters 6 are located at the bottom of the support 1 and the bracket 4, allowing for precise control of the excavation process. During excavation, the support 1 and bracket 4 can only move in any designated direction, ensuring that the excavated tunnel is straight and not curved. The entire test excavation method conforms to the stress form of actual tunnel excavation, which can realistically simulate the tunneling process in subway tunnel construction, improving the reliability of the test process and the accuracy of the test results. In addition, in this invention, the speed-regulating motor 2 is a three-phase asynchronous motor with three speed settings: high, medium, and low. The cutterhead 5 is equipped with serrated wedge-shaped steel bodies to simulate roller cutters on its outer surface, making it suitable for excavation in various strata.

[0035] In one embodiment, the cutterhead 5 includes a base plate 501, a central plate 502 disposed on the front side of the base plate 501, and two first adjusting plates 503. The central plate 502 is located at the center of the base plate 501, and the two first adjusting plates 503 are symmetrically located on both sides of the central plate 502 and can slide along the diameter direction of the base plate 501. This design allows for diameter adjustment of the cutterhead 5 by sliding the first adjusting plates along the diameter direction of the base plate 501, thus meeting the requirements for simulating tunnel excavation of different diameters. In this embodiment, serrated wedge-shaped steel bodies are disposed on the two first adjusting plates 503 and the central plate 502, and the serrated wedge-shaped steel bodies on the two first adjusting plates 503 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and the central axis.

[0036] In one embodiment, the system further includes two symmetrically arranged first diameter-changing components 7. Each first diameter-changing component 7 includes a first threaded rod 701, a first worm gear 702, a first connecting block 703, two first sliders 704, and two first connecting rods 705. The first worm gear 702 is located at the center of the first threaded rod 701. The threads on both sides of the first threaded rod 701 are symmetrically arranged. The two first sliders 704 are symmetrically threaded to both sides of the first threaded rod 701. One end of each of the two first connecting rods 705 is hinged to the two first sliders 704, and the other end is hinged to both sides of the first connecting block 703.

[0037] The chassis 501 has an installation groove 5011, and a first worm gear 5012 is rotatably disposed in the installation groove 5011. One end of the first worm gear 5012 passes through the chassis 501 and the center plate 502. The first worm wheel 702 meshes with the first worm gear 5012. The front of the chassis 501 also has a first sliding groove 5013 for the first connecting block 703 to slide through. The first sliding groove 5013 is connected to the installation groove 5011. The first connecting block 703 is connected to the first adjusting plate 503. This design allows the first adjusting disc 503 to change diameter using two first diameter-changing components 7. When a diameter change is needed, the first worm 5012 is rotated, which drives the first worm wheel 702 to rotate. The first worm wheel 702 then drives the first threaded rod 701 to rotate. Since the two first sliders 704 are restricted from rotating by the first connecting block 703, they can only move along the length of the first threaded rod 701. Because the first sliders 704 and the first connecting block 703 are hinged together by the first connecting rod 705, the first connecting block 703 can slide on the first sliding groove 5013, thereby achieving the sliding diameter-changing effect of the first adjusting disc 503. In this embodiment, the first sliders 704 are slidably connected to the groove wall of the mounting groove 5011.

[0038] In one embodiment, the cutterhead 5 further includes two second adjusting discs 504. The two second adjusting discs 504 are respectively located between the two first adjusting discs 503 and are symmetrical about the central disc 502. The two second adjusting discs 504 can slide along the diameter direction of the base 501. This design, by adding two second adjusting discs 504, keeps the excavation surface flat during digging and also speeds up the digging efficiency.

[0039] In one embodiment, the system further includes two symmetrically arranged second diameter-changing components 8. Each second diameter-changing component 8 includes a second threaded rod 801, a second worm gear 802, a second connecting block 803, two second sliders 804, and two second connecting rods 805. The second worm gear 802 is located at the center of the second threaded rod 801. The threads on both sides of the second threaded rod 801 are symmetrically arranged. The two second sliders 804 are symmetrically threaded to both sides of the second threaded rod 801. One end of each of the two second connecting rods 805 is hinged to the two second sliders 804, and the other end is hinged to both sides of the second connecting block 803.

[0040] A second worm gear 5014 is rotatably disposed within the mounting groove 5011, with one end of the second worm gear 5014 passing through the back of the chassis 501. A partition plate 5015 is also provided within the mounting groove 5011 to divide the mounting groove 5011 into two mounting sections, and the second worm gear 5014 and the first worm gear 5012 are symmetrically arranged about the partition plate 5015 as an axis of symmetry. The second worm wheel 802 meshes with the second worm gear 5014. A second sliding groove 5016 is also provided on the front of the chassis 501 and on the partition plate 5015 for the second connecting block 803 to slide and pass through. The second sliding groove 5016 is connected to the mounting groove 5011. The second connecting block 803 is connected to the second adjusting plate 504. This design allows the second adjusting disc 504 to change diameter using two second diameter-changing components 8. When a diameter change is needed, the second worm 5014 is rotated, causing the second worm wheel 802 to rotate, which in turn drives the second threaded rod 801 to rotate. Since the two second sliders 804 are restricted from rotating by the second connecting block 803, they can only move along the length of the second threaded rod 801. Because the second sliders 804 and the second connecting block 803 are hinged together by the second connecting rod 805, the second connecting block 803 can be driven to rotate along the second threaded rod 801. The slide is slidable on the chute 5016, thereby realizing the sliding diameter change effect of the second adjusting plate 504. At the same time, the second adjusting plate 504 is also uniformly distributed with serrated wedge-shaped steel bodies along the circumferential direction and the central axis. Since the second adjusting plate 504 and the first adjusting plate 503 are adjusted by different diameter change components, the diameter change lengths of the second adjusting plate 504 and the first adjusting plate 503 can be adjusted to be different, so that the serrated wedge-shaped steel bodies on the second adjusting plate 504 and the first adjusting plate 503 are staggered, which facilitates better tunneling. In this embodiment, the second slider 804 is slidably connected to the groove wall of the mounting groove 5011.

[0041] In one embodiment, a threaded sleeve 505 is also provided at the center of the back side of the chassis 501, one end of the second worm 5014 is located inside the threaded sleeve 505, and the threaded sleeve 505 is threadedly connected to the drill rod 3. This design protects the second worm 5014 through the threaded sleeve 505.

[0042] In one embodiment, the chassis 501, the first adjusting plate 503, and the second adjusting plate 504 are all provided with multiple clearance openings 5017 for dislodged rock and soil to pass through. This design allows dislodged rock and soil to be discharged through the clearance openings 5017 during tunneling, thereby accelerating the tunneling rate.

[0043] In one embodiment, the support 1 and the bracket 4 have the same structure, both including a top plate 101, a bottom plate 102, and a lifting assembly 103 disposed between the top plate 101 and the bottom plate 102. This design allows the lifting assembly 103 to ensure that the center of the cutterhead 5 is at the same height as the center of the tunnel excavation face.

[0044] In one embodiment, the lifting assembly 103 includes a support plate 1031, a threaded sleeve 1032, a lead screw 1033, at least two first support rods 1035, at least two second support rods 1036, and at least two support tubes 1037. The first support rods 1035 correspond one-to-one with the support tubes 1037. The support tubes 1037 and the threaded sleeves 1032 are both disposed on the base plate 102. The first support rods 1035 are disposed below the support plate 1031 and can slide within the corresponding support tubes 1037. The lead screw 1033 rotatably passes through the support plate 1031 and is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeves 1032. The second support rods 1036 are disposed above the support plate 1031 and are connected to the top plate 101. With this design, height adjustment can be achieved by rotating the lead screw 1033. The first support rod 1035 and the threaded sleeve 1032 play a role in maintaining stable lifting. In this embodiment, the lifting assembly 103 also includes a U-shaped block 1038 and a scale 1034. The scale 1034 is set on the base plate 102 and passes through the support plate 1031, which makes it easy to observe the adjusted height and keep the height adjustment of the bracket 1 and the support 4 consistent.

[0045] In one embodiment, the top plate 101 of the bracket 4 is provided with a groove 1011 for the drill rod 3 to rest on. This design, by setting the groove 1011 for limiting the movement, enables the drill rod 3 to rest on the plate, improving the stability of the drill rod 3 during drilling. In this embodiment, during tunneling, applying a small amount of machine oil to the surface of the groove 1011 can reduce the friction between the drill rod 3 and the contact surface of the groove 1011, facilitating the rotation of the drill rod 3.

[0046] In one embodiment, the chassis 501 is provided with scale lines at the positions corresponding to the first slide groove 5013 and the second slide groove 5016. This design facilitates intuitive observation of the variable diameter length.

[0047] In one embodiment, a limiting component 9 is also included. The limiting component 9 includes a limiting sleeve 901, a limiting rod 902, and a bolt 903. One end of the limiting sleeve 901 is connected to the base plate 102 of the support 1. One end of the limiting rod 902 is slidably connected to the other end of the limiting sleeve 901, and the other end is connected to the base plate 102 of the bracket 4. The bolt 903 passes through the limiting sleeve 901 and can fix the limiting rod 902. With this design, the limiting component 9 can achieve the following: 1. When the bolt 903 fixes the limiting rod 902, the bracket 4 and the support 1 move together during excavation, ensuring the stability of the entire excavation device during excavation; 2. When the bolt 903 does not fix the limiting rod 902, the bracket 4 remains stationary, and the support 1 moves during excavation, ensuring the stability of the drill rod 3 during excavation.

[0048] In one embodiment, both the first chute 5013 and the second chute 5016 are equipped with sealing strips of different lengths. This design seals the first chute 5013 and the second chute 5016 with sealing strips, preventing loose rock and soil from entering the chassis 501 during excavation.

[0049] It should be understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes based on them. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel model test full-section excavation device, characterized in that, The device includes a bracket (1), a speed-regulating motor (2), a drill rod (3), a bracket (4), a cutter head (5), and multiple directional casters (6). The speed-regulating motor (2) is mounted on the bracket (1). One end of the drill rod (3) is detachably connected to the output end of the speed-regulating motor (2), and the other end is detachably connected to the cutter head (5). The bracket (4) is mounted on the front side of the bracket (1), and the drill rod (3) rests on the top of the bracket (4). Multiple directional casters (6) are respectively mounted on the bottom of the bracket (1) and the bracket (4). The cutter head (5) includes a base plate (501), a central plate (502) disposed on the front of the base plate (501), and two first adjusting plates (503). The central plate (502) is disposed at the center of the base plate (501), and the two first adjusting plates (503) are symmetrically located on both sides of the central plate (502) and can slide along the diameter of the base plate (501). It also includes two symmetrically arranged first diameter-changing components (7). The first diameter-changing component (7) includes a first threaded rod (701), a first worm gear (702), a first connecting block (703), two first sliders (704), and two first connecting rods (705). The first worm gear (702) is located at the center of the first threaded rod (701). The threads on both sides of the first threaded rod (701) are symmetrically arranged. The two first sliders (704) are symmetrically threaded to both sides of the first threaded rod (701). One end of each of the two first connecting rods (705) is hinged to the two first sliders (704), and the other end is hinged to both sides of the first connecting block (703). The chassis (501) has an installation groove (5011) inside, and a first worm gear (5012) is rotatably installed in the installation groove (5011). One end of the first worm gear (5012) passes through the chassis (501) and the center plate (502). The first worm wheel (702) meshes with the first worm gear (5012). The front of the chassis (501) also has a first sliding groove (5013) for the first connecting block (703) to slide through. The first sliding groove (5013) is connected to the installation groove (5011). The first connecting block (703) is connected to the first adjusting plate (503). The bracket (1) and the support (4) have the same structure, both including a top plate (101), a bottom plate (102) and a lifting assembly (103) disposed between the top plate (101) and the bottom plate (102). It also includes a limiting component (9), which includes a limiting sleeve (901), a limiting rod (902), and a bolt (903). One end of the limiting sleeve (901) is connected to the base plate (102) of the bracket (1), one end of the limiting rod (902) is slidably connected to the other end of the limiting sleeve (901), and the other end is connected to the base plate (102) of the bracket (4). The bolt (903) passes through the limiting sleeve (901) and can fix the limiting rod (902). The lifting assembly (103) includes a support plate (1031), a threaded sleeve (1032), a lead screw (1033), at least two first support rods (1035), at least two second support rods (1036), and at least two support tubes (1037). The first support rods (1035) correspond one-to-one with the support tubes (1037). The support tubes (1037) and the threaded sleeves (1032) are both mounted on the base plate (102). The first support rods (1035) are mounted below the support plate (1031) and can slide within the corresponding support tubes (1037). The lead screw (1033) rotates through the support plate (1031) and is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeves (1032). The second support rods (1036) are mounted above the support plate (1031) and connected to the top plate (101).

2. The tunnel model test full-section excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head (5) also includes two second adjustment discs (504), which are located between the two first adjustment discs (503) and are symmetrical about the central disc (502), and the two second adjustment discs (504) can slide along the diameter direction of the chassis (501).

3. The tunnel model test full-section excavation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes two symmetrically arranged second diameter-changing components (8). The second diameter-changing component (8) includes a second threaded rod (801), a second worm gear (802), a second connecting block (803), two second sliders (804), and two second connecting rods (805). The second worm gear (802) is located at the center of the second threaded rod (801). The threads on both sides of the second threaded rod (801) are symmetrically arranged. The two second sliders (804) are symmetrically threaded to both sides of the second threaded rod (801). One end of each of the two second connecting rods (805) is hinged to the two second sliders (804), and the other end is hinged to both sides of the second connecting block (803). A second worm gear (5014) is rotatably disposed in the mounting groove (5011), and one end of the second worm gear (5014) passes through the back of the chassis (501). A partition plate (5015) is also provided in the mounting groove (5011) to divide the mounting groove (5011) into two mounting sections. The second worm gear (5014) and the first worm gear (5012) are symmetrically arranged with the partition plate (5015) as the axis of symmetry. The second worm wheel (802) meshes with the second worm gear (5014). A second sliding groove (5016) is also provided on the front of the chassis (501) and on the partition plate (5015) for the second connecting block (803) to slide and pass through. The second sliding groove (5016) is connected to the mounting groove (5011). The second connecting block (803) is connected to the second adjusting plate (504).

4. The tunnel model test full-section excavation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A threaded sleeve (505) is also provided at the center of the back of the chassis (501), one end of the second worm (5014) is located inside the threaded sleeve (505), and the threaded sleeve (505) is threadedly connected to the drill rod (3).

5. The tunnel model test full-section excavation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The chassis (501), the first adjusting plate (503), and the second adjusting plate (504) are all provided with multiple clearance openings (5017) for the falling rock and soil to pass through.

6. The tunnel model test full-section excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket (4) has a groove (1011) on its top plate (101) for the drill rod (3) to rest on.

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