A novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device and its use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel quick-release locking device for an EMU outer windshield and a method for using the same. The locking device comprises an optical axis screw, a bent steel plate, a small steel ball, a large steel ball, and a cylinder. The optical axis screw is machined with a slot, a steel ball receiving slot is machined at one end of the screw head, a circular hole connected to the steel ball receiving slot is machined on the optical axis screw, and the steel ball receiving slot is machined with an internal thread. The bent steel plate comprises a fixing plate and a clamping claw, the fixing plate is machined with a through hole, and the clamping claw is used to clamp with the slot of the optical axis screw. At least three small steel balls are provided, and both the small steel ball and the large steel ball are arranged in the steel ball receiving slot. The small steel ball is placed at the position of the circular hole opened by the optical axis screw, and the large steel ball is placed above the small steel ball. The maximum outer diameter formed by the small steel balls is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame. The cylinder is threadedly connected to the steel ball receiving slot. The locking device has dual locking performance, simple and convenient disassembly and assembly process, and can realize rapid disassembly and replacement of the outer windshield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail vehicles and relates to a novel quick-release locking device for an outer windshield of an EMU and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] The climate along my country's railways is complex and changeable, with wind conditions posing a significant threat to the operational safety of high-speed trains. Windshield structures play a crucial role in the coupling and operation of EMUs.

[0003] High-speed train carriages are usually connected with an outer windshield and an inner windshield. The outer windshield mainly improves the appearance of the vehicle, reduces air resistance and wind noise during operation, and also acts as a buffer and shock absorber at the vehicle end. Currently, most outer windshields in China are usually installed with screws. During installation, the screws 2 pass through the pressure strip 1, rubber plate 3, and outer windshield mounting frame 5 and are then tightened with nuts 4 (see Figure 1 ), this fixing method requires the removal of a large number of screws when inspecting and replacing the outer windshield, resulting in increased time and labor costs; in addition, the operation of the EMU is affected by the line environment and vibration, and the screws are prone to loosening and falling out of the holes, which has a certain impact on the operation order of the EMU. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of quick-release locking device for the outer windshield of an EMU. The locking device has a simple structure and a convenient disassembly and assembly process, and can realize the rapid disassembly and replacement of the outer windshield; in addition, the locking device has a double locking performance, and will not fall off the outer windshield during the operation of the EMU, thereby improving the reliability of the locking device.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A new type of quick-release locking device for the outer windshield of an EMU, which includes an optical axis screw, a bent steel plate, a small steel ball, a large steel ball, and a cylinder; wherein, a card slot is processed on the optical axis of the optical axis screw, a steel ball accommodating groove is processed at one end of the screw head of the optical axis screw, a circular hole connected to the steel ball accommodating groove is processed on the optical axis of the optical axis screw, and an internal thread is processed on the steel ball accommodating groove; the bent steel plate includes a fixing plate, claws arranged on both sides of the fixing plate, through holes are processed on the fixing plate, and the claws are used to realize card connection with the card slot of the optical axis screw; there are at least three small steel balls, and the small steel ball and the large steel ball are both arranged in the steel ball accommodating groove, the small steel ball is placed at the position of the circular hole opened by the optical axis screw, and the large steel ball is arranged above the small steel ball, and the maximum outer diameter formed by the small steel ball is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame; an external thread is processed on the cylinder, and the cylinder is arranged in the steel ball accommodating groove and is threadedly connected to the steel ball accommodating groove.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two symmetrically arranged slots are processed on the optical axis of the optical axis screw. After the optical axis screw passes through the through hole of the bent steel plate, the claws of the bent steel plate are engaged with the slots of the optical axis screw.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a large square groove is processed on the screw head of the optical axis screw, and the optical axis screw is rotated by a square key matching the large square groove.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of circular holes on the optical axis screw is set according to the number of small steel balls, and the size of the circular holes must meet the requirement that the small steel balls can leak out of the circular holes under the pressure of the large steel balls but will not fall off.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small square groove is processed on the top of the cylinder, and the cylinder is rotated by a square key matching the small square groove.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bent steel plate is an integrated structure, and the fixing plate of the bent steel plate is riveted to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are four small steel balls, which are placed at the circular holes opened by the optical axis screws, and the large steel ball is placed in the middle position above the four small steel balls. The maximum outer diameter formed by the four small steel balls is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for using a novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step S1: pre-riveting the fixed plate of the bent steel plate to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame;

[0015] Step S2: Assemble the small steel ball, the large steel ball, and the cylinder into the optical axis screw. Before installing the outer windshield, rotate the cylinder to apply an initial pressure to the large and small steel balls to ensure that the parts are loose and do not cause abnormal noise.

[0016] Step S3: During installation, the optical axis screw is passed through the pressure strip, the rubber plate, and the outer windshield mounting frame. The claw of the bent steel plate pre-installed on the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame slides smoothly into the slot opened by the optical axis screw. The bent steel plate is subjected to an upward pulling force, and the first locking is completed. Then, the cylinder is rotated clockwise using the four-corner key. Under the action of pressure, the large steel ball presses against the small steel ball and causes the small steel ball to protrude out of the optical axis screw. At this time, the maximum outer diameter formed by the small steel ball is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame. The small steel ball will simultaneously apply upward pressure to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame, completing the second locking.

[0017] Step S4: When unlocking, first rotate the cylinder counterclockwise to release the pressure of the small and large steel balls, so that they are in a relaxed state. During this process, only the cylinder needs to be rotated to release the pressure, and there is no need to disassemble the cylinder. Then use the four-corner key to rotate the optical axis screw clockwise to 90°. The bent steel plate slowly opens under the pressure of the optical axis screw and slides out of the optical axis screw slot. Finally, remove the optical axis screw upward to complete the unlocking.

[0018] Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] (1) The locking device provided by the present invention mainly includes a special optical axis screw and a bent steel plate. The bent steel plate is pre-riveted to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame. The special optical axis screw and the bent steel plate can realize the first level of locking of the outer windshield. The small steel ball in the optical axis screw can realize the second level of locking of the outer windshield under the squeezing of the cylinder and the large steel ball. When realizing the first level of locking, it is only necessary to insert the optical axis screw to realize locking. When realizing the second level of locking, it is only necessary to rotate the cylinder. The operation is simple and the installation is convenient. When unlocking is required, it is only necessary to rotate the cylinder to release the pressure without disassembling the cylinder. Then, the optical axis screw can be rotated 90° with a four-corner key to realize the unlocking function. The unlocking process is simple and the disassembly is convenient, which effectively solves the problem of inconvenient installation and disassembly of the existing rubber outer windshield and avoids the problem of needing to disassemble and replace a large number of fasteners, thereby greatly saving time and labor costs.

[0020] (2) The locking device provided by the present invention has a dual locking performance. When any one locking function fails, the other locking function will play a protective role, so that the locking device will not fall off the outer windshield, thereby improving the reliability of the locking device.

[0021] (3) The locking device parts provided by the present invention can all be made of stainless steel, which greatly improves the chemical corrosion resistance and heat resistance of the locking device and can better adapt to the complex and changeable environment outside the vehicle.

[0022] (4) The locking device provided by the present invention enables quick installation and disassembly of the outer windshield, saving assembly time. At the same time, the device has a locking function, which prevents the windshield from loosening during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of existing outer windshield screws;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the quick-release locking device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the quick-release locking device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of unlocking the quick-release locking device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the quick-release locking device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure numerals: optical axis screw 1, bent steel plate 2, small steel ball 3, large steel ball 4, cylinder 5, pressure strip 6, rubber plate 7, outer windshield mounting frame 8, optical axis 11, screw head 12, fixing plate 21, claw 22, slot 101, steel ball accommodating slot 102, round hole 103, large square groove 104, small square groove 105, through hole 201. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of this application is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" and the like are used solely for distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device, which includes an optical axis screw 1, a bent steel plate 2, a small steel ball 3, a large steel ball 4, and a cylinder 5; wherein, two symmetrically arranged slots 101 are processed on the optical axis 11 of the optical axis screw 1, a steel ball receiving groove 102 is processed at one end of the screw head of the optical axis screw 1, and a circular hole 103 connected to the steel ball receiving groove is processed on the optical axis 11 of the optical axis screw. The number of the circular holes 103 is set according to the number of the small steel balls 3, and the size of the circular holes 103 must meet the requirement that the small steel balls 3 leak out from the circular holes under the pressure of the large steel balls but do not fall out; the steel ball receiving groove 102 is processed with an internal thread;

[0033] The bent steel plate 2 includes a fixing plate 21 and claws 22 provided on both sides of the fixing plate. The bent steel plate is an integrated structure, and the fixing plate 21 of the bent steel plate is riveted to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame 8. A through hole 201 is processed on the fixing plate 21. After the optical axis screw 1 passes through the through hole of the bent steel plate 2, the claws 22 of the bent steel plate are engaged with the slot 101 of the optical axis screw.

[0034] The small steel balls 3 and the large steel balls 4 are both arranged in the steel ball receiving groove 102. There are four small steel balls 3. The four small steel balls 3 are placed at the position of the circular hole 103 opened by the optical axis screw. The large steel ball 4 is placed in the middle position above the four small steel balls 3. The maximum outer diameter formed by the four small steel balls 3 under the action of external force is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame 8.

[0035] The cylinder 5 is processed with an external thread, and the cylinder 5 is arranged in the steel ball receiving groove 102 and is threadedly connected to the steel ball receiving groove 102.

[0036] Furthermore, a large square groove 104 is processed on the screw head 12 of the optical axis screw, and the optical axis screw is rotated by a square key matching the large square groove; a small square groove 105 is processed on the top of the cylinder 5, and the cylinder is rotated by a square key matching the small square groove.

[0037] The present invention provides a method for using a novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: pre-riveting the fixed plate 21 of the bent steel plate to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame 8;

[0039] Step S2: Assemble the small steel ball 3, the large steel ball 4, and the cylinder 5 into the optical axis screw 1. Before installing the outer windshield, slightly rotate the cylinder 5 to apply an initial pressure to the large steel ball 4 and the small steel ball 3 to ensure that the parts are loose and do not cause abnormal noise.

[0040] Step S3: During installation, the optical axis screw 1 is passed through the pressure strip 6, the rubber plate 7, and the outer windshield mounting frame 8. The claw 22 of the bent steel plate 2 pre-installed on the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame slides into the slot 101 opened by the optical axis screw 1. The bent steel plate 2 is subjected to an upward pulling force, and the first locking is completed. Then, the cylinder 5 is rotated clockwise using the four-corner key. Under the action of pressure, the large steel ball 4 presses against the four small steel balls 3 and makes the small steel balls 3 protrude out of the optical axis screw 1. At this time, the maximum outer diameter formed by the four small steel balls 3 is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame 8. The four small steel balls 3 will simultaneously apply an upward pressure to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame 8, completing the second locking.

[0041] Step S4, when unlocking, first rotate the cylinder 5 counterclockwise to release the pressure of the small steel ball 3 and the large steel ball 4, so that they are in a relaxed state. During this process, only the cylinder 5 needs to be rotated to release the pressure, and there is no need to disassemble the cylinder 5. Then use the four-corner key to rotate the optical axis screw clockwise to 90°. The bent steel plate 2 slowly opens under the pressure of the optical axis screw 1 and slides out from the slot 101 of the optical axis screw. Finally, take out the optical axis screw 1 upward to complete the unlocking.

[0042] In order to ensure that the rubber plate 7 has sufficient pressure to be pressed tightly against the outer windshield mounting frame 8 during installation, a sufficient number of quick locking devices are provided around the outer windshield mounting frame 8; in addition, the parts of the quick locking device can be made of stainless steel, which can greatly improve the chemical corrosion resistance and heat resistance of the locking device, and can better adapt to the complex and changeable environment outside the vehicle.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a new type of EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device, characterized in that: The locking device includes an optical axis screw, a bent steel plate, a small steel ball, a large steel ball, and a cylinder; wherein a slot is processed on the optical axis of the optical axis screw, a steel ball receiving slot is processed at one end of the screw head of the optical axis screw, a circular hole connected to the steel ball receiving slot is processed on the optical axis of the optical axis screw, and an internal thread is processed on the steel ball receiving slot; the bent steel plate includes a fixing plate, claws arranged on both sides of the fixing plate, through holes are processed on the fixing plate, and the claws are used to realize clamping with the slot of the optical axis screw; there are at least three small steel balls, and the small steel ball and the large steel ball are both arranged in the steel ball receiving slot, the small steel ball is placed at the position of the circular hole opened by the optical axis screw, and the large steel ball is arranged above the small steel ball, and the maximum outer diameter formed by the small steel ball is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame; an external thread is processed on the cylinder, and the cylinder is arranged in the steel ball receiving slot and is threadedly connected to the steel ball receiving slot; The method of use comprises the following steps: Step S1: pre-riveting the fixed plate of the bent steel plate to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame; Step S2: Assemble the small steel ball, the large steel ball, and the cylinder into the optical axis screw. Before installing the outer windshield, rotate the cylinder to apply an initial pressure to the large and small steel balls to ensure that the parts are loose and do not cause abnormal noise. Step S3: During installation, the optical axis screw is passed through the pressure strip, the rubber plate, and the outer windshield mounting frame. The claw of the bent steel plate pre-installed on the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame slides smoothly into the slot opened by the optical axis screw. The bent steel plate is subjected to an upward pulling force, and the first locking is completed. Then, the cylinder is rotated clockwise using the four-corner key. Under the action of pressure, the large steel ball presses against the small steel ball and causes the small steel ball to protrude out of the optical axis screw. At this time, the maximum outer diameter formed by the small steel ball is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame. The small steel ball will simultaneously apply upward pressure to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame, completing the second locking. Step S4: When unlocking, first rotate the cylinder counterclockwise to release the pressure of the small and large steel balls, so that they are in a relaxed state. During this process, only the cylinder needs to be rotated to release the pressure, and there is no need to disassemble the cylinder. Then use the four-corner key to rotate the optical axis screw clockwise to 90°. The bent steel plate slowly opens under the pressure of the optical axis screw and slides out of the optical axis screw slot. Finally, remove the optical axis screw upward to complete the unlocking.

2. The method for using the new type of EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two symmetrically arranged slots are processed on the optical axis of the optical axis screw. After the optical axis screw passes through the through hole of the bent steel plate, the claws of the bent steel plate are engaged with the slots of the optical axis screw.

3. The method for using the novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A large square groove is processed on the screw head of the optical axis screw, and the optical axis screw is rotated by a square key matched with the large square groove.

4. The method for using the novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the circular holes on the optical axis screw is set according to the number of small steel balls, and the size of the circular holes must be such that the small steel balls can leak out from the circular holes under the pressure of the large steel balls but will not fall off.

5. The method for using the novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top end of the cylinder is processed with a small square groove, and the cylinder is rotated by a square key matched with the small square groove.

6. The method for using the novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bent steel plate is an integrated structure, and the fixed plate of the bent steel plate is riveted to the inner side of the outer windshield mounting frame.

7. The method for using the novel EMU outer windshield quick-release locking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are four small steel balls, which are placed at the circular holes opened by the optical axis screws. The large steel ball is placed in the middle position above the four small steel balls. The maximum outer diameter formed by the four small steel balls is larger than the opening diameter of the outer windshield mounting frame.

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