A recovery device and recovery vessel for oil spills on water

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of water surface oil spill environmental protection technology, and discloses a recovery device and a recovery ship for water surface oil spill, which comprises a shell, a control center, a variable pressure air bag, an oil detector, an isolation layer, a water suction pump and a drain pipe. The shell is a hollow structure, which is used for containing oil-water mixture and serving as a temporary oil collection warehouse. An oil-water mixture inlet is formed in the upper part of the shell, a drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and an oil extraction outlet is arranged on the side wall of the shell. An isolation layer is arranged in the shell, which is used for allowing water to pass through the isolation layer but preventing oil from passing through the isolation layer. An oil detector is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, which is used for detecting the position of the oil surface. The present application has the beneficial effect that the collected oil can be temporarily stored in the inner cavity of the shell serving as a temporary oil collection warehouse, thereby improving the oil collection efficiency and the recovery effect, and enabling the offshore oil spill operation to be quickly and stably responded to, and the oil recovery effect is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection technology for oil spills on water, and to a recovery device and recovery vessel for oil spills on water. Background Technology

[0002] Oil spills refer to the leakage of crude oil from offshore oil exploration, production, storage, and transportation processes due to various reasons, posing various risks to different bodies of water. With increasing human use and development of different water bodies, the risk of oil spills on the water surface is increasing, as is the threat to the ecological environment.

[0003] Currently, the main solutions for marine oil spill recovery include physical, chemical, and biological methods. Among them, the most ideal method is the physical method, which can separate oil from water without changing the chemical properties of the crude oil. Methods include mechanical recovery devices or the use of adsorbent materials to recover spilled oil. However, this method is greatly affected by factors such as wind, waves, and viscosity.

[0004] Existing physical methods for recovering oil spills on water primarily utilize surface recovery devices, such as using floating barriers to contain the spill and then employing various methods to collect the floating oil. However, current oil recovery devices all require direct manual intervention, resulting in high labor intensity and low efficiency for workers, especially in areas where access by personnel is difficult. Therefore, current oil recovery devices cannot perform effective and stable oil recovery operations, let alone achieve sustainable oil recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem of low oil-water separation efficiency in existing technologies, this invention provides a recovery device and recovery vessel for oil spills on water, which achieves good recovery results and stable oil recovery performance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention proposes a device for recovering oil spills on water, comprising a shell, a control center, a transformer airbag, an oil detector, an isolation layer, a water pump, and a drain pipe. The shell is a hollow structure used to contain an oil-water mixture and serve as a temporary oil collection tank. An oil-water mixture inlet is located at the top of the shell, a drain outlet at the bottom, and an oil extraction port on the side wall. An isolation layer is provided inside the shell, allowing water to pass through but preventing oil from passing through. An oil detector is installed on the inner wall of the shell to detect the oil level. When the oil level comes into contact with the oil... The device includes an oil detector that sends its detection results to a control center; a pressure-adjusting airbag located outside the housing, used to adjust the buoyancy of the recovery device; a control center located on the housing, communicating with the pressure-adjusting airbag, the water pump, and the oil detector, used to control the volume of the pressure-adjusting airbag and the start and stop of the water pump based on the detection data from the oil detector and the operator's instructions; one end of the water pump is connected to the drain outlet, and the other end is connected to the drain pipe, the water pump drawing water from inside the housing and discharging it into the water environment outside the housing through the drain pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the shell wall is configured as a hollow structure. The hollow structure of the shell wall is used for wiring for communication between the control center and the water pump, the variable pressure airbag and the oil pump, and can also further increase the buoyancy of the recovery device.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, the recovery device of the present invention further includes an oil discharge pump and an oil extraction pipe. The oil discharge pump is disposed on the isolation layer. One end of the oil extraction pipe is connected to the oil extraction pump, passes through the oil extraction port, and the other end is connected to the recovery vessel for recovering spilled oil. The oil discharge pump is used to discharge the oil collected inside the hull to the recovery vessel through the oil extraction pipe. The control center is also communicatively connected to the oil discharge pump and is used to control the start and stop of the oil discharge pump.

[0010] The control center includes a water suction pump control room, a pressure-transformer airbag control room, and an oil discharge pump control room arranged in parallel. The water suction pump control room is communicatively connected to the water suction pump and is used to control the start and stop of the water suction pump. The pressure-transformer airbag control room is communicatively connected to the pressure-transformer airbag and is used to control the volume of the pressure-transformer airbag. The oil discharge pump control room is communicatively connected to the oil discharge pump and is used to control the start and stop of the oil discharge pump.

[0011] Specifically, the control center is used to send commands to the variable pressure airbag to change its volume, to the water pump to open and close, and to the oil pump to open and close, based on the detection results data from the oil detector and the operator's instructions.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, the oil-water mixture inlet is further provided with a filter screen to prevent malfunctions in the internal functions of the recycling device caused by debris on the water surface.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, the recycling device of the present invention further includes at least two fixed columns, which are used to support and connect the control center, with one end disposed on the housing and the other end connected to the control center.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, the fixing column is further disposed on the housing around the oil-water mixture inlet, and the control center is suspended above the oil-water mixture inlet via the fixing column. The filter screen covers the outside of the fixing column. This not only raises the control center to increase the inflow of the mixed oil-water inlet, but the fixing column also acts like a rib to support and tension the filter screen.

[0015] Preferably, at least two fixed columns are arranged in an array on the housing.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, the isolation layer further includes a hydrophilic oleophobic membrane and a rigid filter screen disposed on the upper and lower parts of the hydrophilic oleophobic membrane. The rigid filter screen is used to improve the load-bearing capacity of the isolation layer, protect the hydrophilic oleophobic membrane, and prevent the hydrophilic oleophobic membrane from deforming due to excessive oil accumulation.

[0017] Preferably, the rigid filter screen is made of stainless steel.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, the oil detector further includes a first oil detector and a second oil detector, wherein the height of the first oil detector on the inner wall of the housing is higher than the height of the second oil detector, and the second oil detector is disposed at the connection between the isolation layer and the inner wall of the housing.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, the recovery device of the present invention further includes an airbag support frame disposed outside the housing, the airbag support frame being used to support the variable pressure airbag and to fix the variable pressure airbag outside the housing.

[0020] Preferably, the shell is an ellipsoidal structure, and in terms of height, the variable pressure airbag and the airbag support frame are located in the middle of the shell.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a recovery vessel for oil spills on water, comprising a recovery vessel body and the aforementioned recovery device. The recovery vessel body includes an oil storage tank and an oil boom. The oil storage tank is used to store the spilled oil recovered by the recovery device, and the oil boom is used to enclose the oil spill area to prevent the oil spill from spreading again.

[0022] In conjunction with the second aspect, the oil storage tank is further connected to the oil discharge pump of the recovery device via an oil discharge pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the oil storage tank is located in the cabin of the recovery vessel, and the oil boom is located at the stern of the recovery vessel.

[0024] In conjunction with the second part, the recovery vessel of the present invention further includes a telescopic tow tractor, which is disposed on the body of the recovery vessel and its free end is connected to the recovery device. When placing the recovery device, the operator uses the telescopic tow tractor to place the recovery device in the oil spill area; after the oil spill recovery work is completed, the operator uses the telescopic tow tractor to pull the recovery device to the body of the recovery vessel or to the shore station.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a recovery device and recovery vessel for oil spills on water, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The recovery device of the present invention has a hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane in the inner cavity of the shell, which enables all the collected oil to be temporarily stored in the inner cavity of the shell as a temporary oil collection tank, thereby improving the oil collection efficiency and recovery effect. It can quickly and stably respond to marine oil spill operations and the oil recovery effect is stable.

[0027] (2) The recovery device and recovery vessel of the present invention can work together with the recovery vessel body to continuously and uninterruptedly recover the oil spilled on the water surface in the oil spill area until the oil spill is cleaned up, which further improves the working efficiency of oil recovery and the oil spill recovery efficiency, realizes the rapid treatment and restoration of the ecological environment, and solves the problem that most oil recovery vessels are equipped with oil recovery devices that cannot continuously recover oil spills in the water area.

[0028] (3) The recycling vessel of the present invention can realize intelligent recycling of oil products, thus it has more advantages in reducing labor force, reducing labor intensity and improving operational efficiency.

[0029] (4) The recovery device of the present invention utilizes the physical properties of oil and water and adopts a mechanical recovery method, so that the physical and chemical properties of oil are not changed and the design structure is simple and easy to operate, which can effectively improve the efficiency of oil recovery operation.

[0030] (5) In the process of oil spill recovery, the recovery vessel of the present invention can control the oil spill from spreading outwards by working with the oil boom of the oil recovery vessel to recover the oil spill one by one, thereby improving the oil spill recovery efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the recycling device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view of the recycling device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane structure in the recycling device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of the recovery device of the present invention in conjunction with the recovery vessel.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the recovery vessel of this invention.

[0036] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0037] 1-Shell; 2-Oil-water mixture inlet; 2.1-Fixed column; 3-Control center; 3.1-Water suction pump control room; 3.2-Airbag control room; 3.3-Oil discharge control room; 4-Transformer airbag; 5-Airbag support frame; 6.1-First oil detector; 6.2-Second oil detector; 7-Isolation layer; 7.1-Rigid filter screen; 7.2-Hydrophilic and oleophobic film; 8-Oil discharge pump; 8.1-Oil suction pipe; 9-Water suction pump; 10-Drain pipe; 11-Recovery vessel hull; 12-Oil storage tank; 13-Telescopic towing device; 14-Recovery device; 15-Oil boom. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may include different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the recovery device 14 proposed in this invention includes a housing 1, a control center 3, a variable pressure airbag 4, an oil detector, an isolation layer 7, a water pump 9, and a drain pipe 10. The housing 1 has a hollow structure, which is used to contain an oil-water mixture and serve as a temporary oil collection tank. An oil-water mixture inlet 2 is provided at the top of the housing 1, a drain outlet is provided at the bottom, and an oil extraction outlet is provided on the side wall. An isolation layer 7 is provided inside the housing 1, which allows water to pass through the isolation layer 7, but prevents oil from passing through it. An oil detector is provided on the inner wall of the housing 1, which is used to detect the oil level. When the oil level contacts the oil detector... The oil detector sends the detection results to the control center 3; the pressure-changing airbag 4 is set outside the housing 1, and the setting of the pressure-changing airbag 4 is used to adjust the buoyancy of the recovery device 14; the control center 3 is set on the housing 1, and the control center 3 is connected to the pressure-changing airbag 4, the water pump 9 and the oil detector respectively, and is used to control the volume of the pressure-changing airbag 4 and the start and stop of the water pump 9 according to the detection result data from the oil detector and the instructions of the operator; one end of the water pump 9 is connected to the drain outlet and the other end is connected to the drain pipe 10. The water pump 9 draws water out of the housing 1 and discharges it to the water environment outside the housing 1 through the drain pipe 10.

[0042] The interior and walls of the housing 1 are both hollow. The interior of the housing 1 can serve as a temporary oil collection tank for spilled oil. The hollow walls of the housing 1 are used for wiring to connect the control center 3 with the water pump, the variable pressure airbag 4 and the oil discharge pump 8. This double hollow structure can further increase the buoyancy of the entire device.

[0043] In one specific embodiment of this invention, the recovery device 14 further includes an oil discharge pump 8 and an oil extraction pipe 8.1. The oil discharge pump 8 is disposed on the isolation layer 7. One end of the oil extraction pipe 8.1 is connected to the oil extraction pump, passes through the oil extraction port, and the other end is connected to the recovery vessel for recovering spilled oil. The oil discharge pump 8 is used to discharge the oil collected in the shell 1 to the recovery vessel through the oil extraction pipe 8.1. The control center 3 is also communicatively connected to the oil discharge pump 8 and is used to control the start and stop of the oil discharge pump 8.

[0044] The control center 3 includes a water suction pump control room 3.1, a transformer airbag 4 control room 3.2, and an oil discharge control room 3.3, which are arranged in parallel. The water suction pump control room 3.1 is communicatively connected to the water suction pump 9 and is used to control the start and stop of the water suction pump 9. The transformer airbag 4 control room 3.2 is communicatively connected to the transformer airbag 4 and is used to control the volume of the transformer airbag 4. The oil discharge control room 3.3 is communicatively connected to the oil discharge pump 8 and is used to control the start and stop of the oil discharge pump 8.

[0045] Specifically: Control center 3 is used to send instructions to change the volume of the pressure-changing airbag 4, to open and close the water pump 9, and to open and close the oil pump 8 based on the detection results data from the oil detector and the instructions from the operator.

[0046] In one specific embodiment of this example, the oil-water mixture inlet 2 is equipped with a filter screen to prevent the internal functions of the recycling device 14 from malfunctioning due to debris on the water surface.

[0047] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the recycling device 14 of the present invention also includes at least two fixed columns 2.1, which are used to support and connect the control center 3. One end of the fixed column 2.1 is disposed on the housing 1 and the other end is connected to the control center 3.

[0048] In one specific embodiment of this example, the fixing column 2.1 is disposed on the housing 1 around the oil-water mixture inlet 2, and the control center 3 is suspended above the oil-water mixture inlet 2 via the fixing column 2.1. The filter screen covers the outside of the fixing column 2.1. This not only raises the control center 3 to increase the inflow of the mixed oil-water inlet, but the fixing column 2.1 also acts like a rib to support and tighten the filter screen.

[0049] Preferably, at least two fixed posts 2.1 are arranged in an array on the housing 1.

[0050] In one specific implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the isolation layer 7 includes a hydrophilic-oleophobic membrane and rigid filter screens 7.1 disposed on the upper and lower parts of the hydrophilic-oleophobic membrane. The rigid filter screens 7.1 are used to improve the load-bearing capacity of the isolation layer 7, protect the hydrophilic-oleophobic membrane, and prevent the hydrophilic-oleophobic membrane from deforming due to excessive oil accumulation. Figure 3 As shown, the hydrophilic and oleophobic film is oriented in the direction of water flow (as indicated by the arrow).

[0051] Preferably, the rigid filter screen 7.1 is a stainless steel mesh.

[0052] In one specific embodiment of this example, the oil detector includes a first oil detector 6.1 and a second oil detector 6.2. The height of the first oil detector 6.1 on the inner wall of the housing 1 is higher than the height of the second oil detector 6.2. The second oil detector 6.2 is disposed at the connection between the isolation layer 7 and the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0053] The working principle of the oil detector is as follows: the oil-water mixture gradually enters the inner cavity of the housing 1 of the recovery device 14 from the oil-water mixture inlet 2. The water pump 9 is also working. When the first oil detector 6.1 detects oil, it means that the recovered spilled oil is almost filling the entire inner cavity of the housing 1. In order to prevent the oil-water mixture from continuing to enter and causing secondary spills, the control room 3.2 of the transformer airbag 4 sends an inflation command to the transformer airbag 4. The transformer airbag 4 inflates and increases the buoyancy of the recovery device 14. It is only necessary to ensure that the oil-water mixture inlet 2 is higher than the water surface. In this way, the oil-water mixture inlet 2 no longer enters the oil-water mixture, but the water pump 9 continues to work, continuing to discharge the water inside the housing 1. When the internal oil surface contacts the second oil detector 6.2, it means that the water inside the housing 1 has been basically drained. The control room of the water pump 9 can control the water pump 9 to stop working immediately, or it can wait for the water pump 9 to continue working for a preset time before stopping. This can ensure that as much water as possible is drained from the inside of the housing 1, resulting in spilled oil with a lower water content.

[0054] In one specific embodiment of this example, both oil detectors are located at the lower part of the shell 1. The function of the first oil detector 6.1 is to send feedback to the control center 3 when oil is detected, causing the recovery device 14 to rise above the water surface, and the oil mixture inlet 2 to be above the water surface, thus ceasing to absorb oil-water mixtures from the external water environment. The second oil detector 6.2 detects oil after the water pump 9 has pumped out the water remaining at the bottom, indicating that the recovery device 14 is now filled with oil with the lowest water content. This information is then sent to the control center 3, and after the water pump 9 stops working, the oil discharge pump 8 is started to transport the recovered oil from the inner cavity of the shell 1 to the recovery vessel body 11.

[0055] In some other embodiments, only one oil detector can be set up. This oil detector can be set at the location of the first oil detector (it cannot be set at the location of the second oil detector, as this would cause the possibility of secondary oil spills). The steps for using only one oil detector are as follows:

[0056] The oil detector detects the oil level and sends feedback to the control center 3. The control center 3 sends an instruction to the variable pressure airbag to increase the volume until the oil-water mixture inlet is higher than the water level. After the oil-water mixture inlet is higher than the water level, it sends an instruction to the water suction pump 9 to stop working after a delay of N minutes. After N minutes, the oil discharge pump 8 is started to transport the oil recovered in the inner cavity of the shell 1 to the recovery vessel body 11.

[0057] In one specific embodiment of this example, a liquid level sensor is provided on the oil-water mixture inlet 2. The liquid level sensor is communicatively connected to the control center 3. The liquid level sensor is used to detect the position information of the water surface relative to the oil-water mixture inlet 2 and transmit the position information to the control center 3.

[0058] In one specific embodiment of this invention, the recovery device 14 of the present invention further includes an airbag support frame 5, which is disposed outside the housing 1 and is used to support the variable pressure airbag 4 and fix the variable pressure airbag 4 outside the housing 1.

[0059] In one specific embodiment of this example, the variable pressure airbag 4 and the airbag support frame 5 are fixed together by adhesive and screws, and the airbag support frame 5 is connected to the shell 1 by welding.

[0060] Preferably, the shell 1 is an ellipsoidal structure, and in terms of height, the variable pressure airbag 4 and the airbag support frame 5 are located in the middle of the shell 1.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the recovery vessel proposed in this invention includes a recovery vessel body 11 and the aforementioned recovery device 14. The recovery vessel body 11 includes an oil storage tank 12 and an oil boom 15. The oil storage tank 12 is used to store the spilled oil recovered by the recovery device 14, and the oil boom 15 is used to enclose the oil spill area to prevent the oil spill from spreading again on the water.

[0062] In one specific embodiment of this example, the oil storage tank 12 is connected to the oil discharge pump 8 of the recovery device 14 via an oil discharge pipe.

[0063] Preferably, the oil storage tank 12 is located in the cabin of the recovery vessel, and the oil boom 15 is located at the stern of the recovery vessel.

[0064] In one specific embodiment of this invention, the recovery vessel further includes a telescopic tow bar 13, which is mounted on the recovery vessel body 11, with its free end connected to the recovery device 14. When placing the recovery device 14, the operator uses the telescopic tow bar 13 to place the recovery device 14 in the oil spill area; after the oil spill recovery work is completed, the operator uses the telescopic tow bar 13 to pull the recovery device 14 to the recovery vessel body 11 or to a shore station.

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, the operation process of the recovery vessel of the present invention is as follows:

[0066] Step S1: Relevant departments detected an oil spill in the water area, and operators drove the recovery vessel to the oil spill area.

[0067] Step S2: The operator lowers the oil boom 15 on the recovery vessel and encloses the oil spill area to prevent the oil from spreading again on the water.

[0068] Step S3: The recovery vessel lowers the recovery device 14 into the oil spill area via the telescopic tow bar 13.

[0069] Step S4: The recovery unit 14 performs oil spill recovery operations, including the following steps:

[0070] Step S41: The airbag control chamber 3.2 sends an inflation command to the variable pressure airbag 4. The variable pressure airbag 4 inflates to make the recovery device 14 float in the water and make the oil-water mixture inlet 2 slightly lower than the water surface. The oil-water mixture enters the inner cavity of the shell 1 from the oil-water mixture inlet 2, fills the shell, and is suspended below the water surface.

[0071] Step S42: The water pump control room 3.1 sends an start command to the water pump 9. The water pump 9 discharges the water inside the housing 1 through the drain pipe 10 to the outside of the housing 1, providing power for the oil-water mixture on the water surface to flow into the recovery device 14.

[0072] Step S43: Since the density of oil is generally less than that of water, the oil spill remains on the water surface when the oil-water mixture enters the recovery device 14. When the first oil detector 6.1 detects the oil, the airbag control chamber 3.2 sends an inflation command to the variable pressure airbag 4. The variable pressure airbag 4 inflates and increases the pressure, thereby increasing the buoyancy of the recovery device 14. The buoyancy of the recovery device 14 increases until the oil-water mixture inlet 2 is higher than the water surface.

[0073] Step S44: The water pump 9 continues to work, continuing to drain the water inside the housing 1. When the internal oil surface contacts the second oil detector 6.2, it indicates that the water inside the housing 1 has been drained through the hydrophilic and oleophobic film. The water pump control chamber 3.1 can control the water pump 9 to stop working immediately, or it can wait for the water pump 9 to continue working for a preset time before stopping. This ensures that as much water as possible is drained from the housing 1, resulting in oil spill with a lower water content.

[0074] Step S45: The oil discharge control room 3.3 sends an opening command to the oil discharge pump 8, and the oil discharge pump 8 operates to discharge the spilled oil collected inside the shell 1 through the oil discharge pipe into the oil storage tank 12 on the body of the recovery vessel 11.

[0075] Step S46: When the second oil level detector 6.2 does not detect the oil level, it indicates that the oil drainage is over. The second oil level detector 6.2 sends the detection result to the airbag control chamber 3.2. The airbag control chamber 3.2 sends a command to the variable pressure airbag 4 to deflate and reduce its volume, so that the recovery device 14 gradually sinks until the oil-water mixture inlet 2 is below the water level, and a new round of oil spill recovery operation begins. This cycle continues until the oil spill inside the oil boom 15 is completely recovered.

[0076] Step S5: Complete the oil recovery operation, retrieve the recovery device 14, and return to port.

[0077] The recovery device 14 of the present invention can also carry out oil spill recovery operations directly in a fixed manner. During the oil spill recovery process, the oil spill can be continuously recovered without the need for operators to issue instructions. It does not require a large amount of manpower and material resources. After the oil spill recovery device 14 is placed in the oil spill area, the device can automatically carry out the recovery operation, which effectively reduces the use of labor and improves the efficiency of oil spill recovery operations.

[0078] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0079] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for recovering oil spills on water, characterized in that: The system includes a housing, control center, transformer airbag, oil detector, isolation layer, water pump, and drain pipe. The housing is a hollow structure used to contain oil-water mixtures and serve as a temporary oil collection tank. The housing has an oil-water mixture inlet at the top, a drain outlet at the bottom, and an oil extraction port on the side wall. An isolation layer is installed inside the housing, allowing water to pass through but preventing oil from passing through. An oil detector is installed on the inner wall of the housing to detect the oil level. When the oil level contacts the detector, the oil level is detected. The detector sends the detection results to the control center; the variable pressure airbag is located outside the shell, and its location is used to adjust the buoyancy of the recovery device; the control center is located on the shell, and the control center is communicatively connected to the variable pressure airbag, the water pump, and the oil detector, and is used to control the volume of the variable pressure airbag and the start and stop of the water pump according to the detection result data from the oil detector and the operator's instructions; one end of the water pump is connected to the drain outlet, and the other end is connected to the drain pipe. The water pump draws water out of the shell and discharges it to the water environment outside the shell through the drain pipe; It also includes an oil discharge pump and an oil extraction pipeline. The oil discharge pump is installed on the isolation layer. One end of the oil extraction pipeline is connected to the oil extraction pump, and the other end is connected to the recovery vessel for recovering spilled oil. The oil discharge pump is used to discharge the oil collected inside the hull to the recovery vessel through the oil extraction pipeline. The control center is also communicatively connected to the oil discharge pump and is used to control the start and stop of the oil discharge pump. The control center includes a water suction pump control room, a variable pressure airbag control room, and an oil discharge pump control room arranged in parallel. The water suction pump control room is communicatively connected to the water suction pump and is used to control the start and stop of the water suction pump. The variable pressure airbag control room is communicatively connected to the variable pressure airbag and is used to control the volume of the variable pressure airbag. The oil discharge pump control room is communicatively connected to the oil discharge pump and is used to control the start and stop of the oil discharge pump. The oil detector includes a first oil detector and a second oil detector. The height of the first oil detector on the inner wall of the hull is higher than that of the second oil detector. The second oil detector is located at the connection between the isolation layer and the inner wall of the hull. When the first oil detector detects oil, it feeds back to the control center, and the recovery device rises above the water surface. The oil mixture inlet is above the water surface, and it no longer absorbs oil-water mixtures from the external water environment. After the water pump removes the water remaining at the bottom, the second oil detector detects oil. When the recovery device is filled with oil with the lowest water content, it feeds back to the control center. After the water pump stops working, the oil discharge pump starts to transport the recovered oil in the inner cavity of the hull to the recovery vessel body. It also includes an airbag support frame, which is disposed outside the housing and is used to support the variable pressure airbag and fix the variable pressure airbag outside the housing.

2. The oil spill recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen is installed at the inlet of the oil-water mixture.

3. The oil spill recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes at least two fixed columns, which are used to support and connect the control center. One end of the fixed column is set on the housing and the other end is connected to the control center.

4. A device for recovering oil spills on water according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing column is installed on the shell around the oil-water mixture inlet, and the control center is suspended above the oil-water mixture inlet via the fixing column.

5. A device for recovering oil spills on water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation layer includes a hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane and a rigid filter screen disposed on the upper and lower parts of the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane.

6. A recovery vessel for oil spills on water, characterized in that: The device includes a recovery vessel body and a recovery apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 5. The recovery vessel body includes an oil storage tank and an oil boom. The oil storage tank is used to store the spilled oil recovered by the recovery apparatus, and the oil boom is used to enclose the oil spill area to prevent the oil spill from spreading again on the water. The oil storage tank is connected to the oil discharge pump of the recovery apparatus through an oil discharge pipe.

7. A recovery vessel for oil spills on water according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a telescopic tow tractor, which is mounted on the recovery vessel and its free end is connected to the recovery device. When placing the recovery device, the operator uses the telescopic tow tractor to place the recovery device in the oil spill area. After the oil spill recovery work is completed, the operator uses the telescopic tow tractor to pull the recovery device to the recovery vessel or to the shore station.

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