Cloud base height estimation method and apparatus based on ground-based microwave radiometer

Abstract

The application provides a cloud bottom height estimation method and device based on a ground-based microwave radiometer, comprising: receiving historical sounding data of an observation area input by an external device; establishing a relationship matrix among a cloud bottom emissivity, liquid water content and an infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature according to a detection frequency of the infrared instrument in the ground-based microwave radiometer and the historical sounding data; determining the cloud bottom emissivity based on the relationship matrix and according to real-time observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer to obtain the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature; determining a real temperature of the cloud bottom according to the cloud bottom emissivity; and estimating the cloud bottom height based on the real temperature of the cloud bottom, an atmospheric temperature profile and an atmospheric humidity profile. The application can judge and correct the cloud bottom height through real-time measurement of the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile, thereby significantly improving the estimation accuracy of the cloud bottom height and optimizing the observation performance of the ground-based microwave radiometer in cloud bottom height observation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of detection and remote sensing, in particular, to a cloud base height estimation method and device based on a ground-based microwave radiometer. BACKGROUND

[0002] Clouds, as an important driving factor affecting the radiation budget and water cycle of the ground and atmospheric system, cover more than 50% of the earth's surface. Among them, cloud base height, as a basic and important parameter to characterize the macro and micro structure of the cloud, is always one of the basic observation items of meteorological services. Therefore, accurately and effectively obtaining the cloud base height is of great significance to the improvement of climate models, the accurate implementation of weather modification, the safety of civil aviation aircraft flight, and the smooth development of high-altitude activities.

[0003] At present, the observation methods of cloud base height can be divided into: manual visual observation, wireless sounding instrument, satellite-based observation, air-based observation, ground-based observation, etc. Specifically, manual visual observation refers to that a meteorological observer identifies the cloud base height at the site by naked eye. However, this method is easily affected by bad weather and human subjective factors, has poor accuracy, and low time resolution. The method of observing cloud base height based on satellite-borne active and passive remote sensing load is very complex, has poor timeliness, and low spatial and temporal resolution, and is more suitable for cloud top observation. The single cost of wireless sounding instrument and air-based observation is high, and the continuity of observation cannot be guaranteed. At present, the main ground-based equipment for automatic observation of cloud base height in meteorological services is further divided into ground-based active remote sensing equipment and ground-based passive remote sensing equipment. Among them, the ground-based active remote sensing equipment mainly includes laser cloud height meter, laser radar and millimeter wave radar, and the ground-based passive remote sensing equipment mainly includes all-sky imager, ground-based microwave radiometer and infrared instrument. The laser radar and cloud radar in the ground-based active remote sensing equipment have high cost and high maintenance cost; the observation data of the laser cloud height meter is easily disturbed by fog and haze weather, and the deviation is large when observing the cloud base height of medium and high clouds. The all-sky imager in the ground-based passive remote sensing equipment measures clouds through the visible light band, cannot obtain cloud information at night, and cannot realize continuous observation of cloud base height; the ground-based microwave radiometer and infrared instrument use infrared radiation to measure cloud base height, which is based on the actual temperature and height of the cloud base obtained by measuring the infrared radiation intensity of the cloud base. The ground-based infrared remote sensing can observe the whole sky with high time resolution in both day and night, and has low running cost and is easy to maintain.

[0004] However, in the existing method of observing cloud base height based on ground-based infrared remote sensing equipment, the cloud is usually assumed to be a black body, and the radiation brightness temperature measured by the infrared remote sensing equipment is equivalent to the actual temperature of the cloud base, thereby causing large calculation error. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a cloud base height estimation method and device based on a ground-based microwave radiometer.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a cloud base height estimation method based on a ground-based microwave radiometer, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: receiving historical sounding data of an observation area input from an external device;

[0008] Step 2: establishing a relationship matrix between cloud base emissivity and liquid water content, and infrared instrument detection frequency corresponding radiation brightness temperature according to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument in the ground-based microwave radiometer and the historical sounding data;

[0009] Step 3: determining the cloud base emissivity based on the relationship matrix according to the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature obtained by real-time observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer;

[0010] Step 4: determining the real temperature of the cloud base according to the cloud base emissivity;

[0011] Step 5: estimating the cloud base height based on the real temperature of the cloud base, the atmospheric temperature profile and the atmospheric humidity profile.

[0012] Optionally, the step 2 comprises:

[0013] Step 2.1: simulating the infrared instrument detection frequency corresponding radiation brightness temperature by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer model according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0014] Step 2.2: simulating the liquid water content by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer model according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0015] Step 2.3: simulating the cloud base emissivity by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer model according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0016] Step 2.4: establishing a relationship matrix according to the simulated infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature, liquid water content and cloud base emissivity; wherein the relationship matrix is as follows:

[0017] ε=f(T IR , LWP)

[0018] In the formula, ε represents the cloud base emissivity, f represents the relationship matrix established by artificial neural network, T IR represents the infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature, and LWP represents the liquid water content.

[0019] Optionally, the step 3 comprises:

[0020] Step 3.1: observing the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature by the ground-based microwave radiometer in real time;

[0021] Step 3.2: determining whether there is cloud in the observation area according to liquid water content obtained from real-time observation of ground-based microwave radiometer and infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, if there is cloud, executing step 3.3, if there is no cloud, ending the process;

[0022] Step 3.3: determining cloud bottom specific emissivity according to the relationship matrix.

[0023] Optionally, in the step 3.2, when the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature T IR ≤ 238.15K, and the liquid water content LWP < 50g / m 2 , it is determined that there is no cloud in the observation area.

[0024] Optionally, in the step 3.3, when the liquid water content LWP ≥ 500g / m 2 , the cloud bottom specific emissivity ε = 1.

[0025] When the liquid water content 50 ≤ LWP < 500g / m 2 , the cloud bottom specific emissivity is determined according to the relationship matrix.

[0026] Optionally, the calculation formula of the real temperature of the cloud bottom in the step 4 is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, T cloud represents the real temperature of the cloud bottom, T IR represents the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, and ε represents the cloud bottom specific emissivity.

[0029] Optionally, the step 5 includes:

[0030] estimating the initial cloud bottom height h cloud based on the atmospheric temperature profile obtained from real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer and the real temperature T cloud of the cloud bottom.

[0031] verifying the initial cloud bottom height h cloud based on the atmospheric humidity profile obtained from real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer, if the verification is passed, obtaining the target cloud bottom height H cloud .

[0032] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a cloud bottom height estimation device based on ground-based microwave radiometer, comprising:

[0033] a historical data acquisition module, configured to receive historical sounding data of an observation area input from an external device;

[0034] The relationship matrix establishing module is configured to establish a relationship matrix between cloud bottom specific emissivity and liquid water content and infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature according to the detection frequency of the ground-based microwave radiometer mid-infrared instrument and the historical sounding data.

[0035] The cloud bottom specific emissivity determining module is configured to determine the cloud bottom specific emissivity according to the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature obtained by real-time observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer based on the relationship matrix.

[0036] The cloud bottom real temperature determining module is configured to determine the real temperature of the cloud bottom according to the cloud bottom specific emissivity.

[0037] The cloud bottom height estimating module is configured to estimate the cloud bottom height based on the real temperature of the cloud bottom, the atmospheric temperature profile and the atmospheric humidity profile.

[0038] Optionally, the relationship matrix establishing module is specifically configured to:

[0039] simulate the radiation brightness temperature corresponding to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer modeling according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0040] simulate the liquid water content by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer modeling according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0041] simulate the cloud bottom specific emissivity by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer modeling according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0042] establish the relationship matrix according to the simulated infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, the liquid water content and the cloud bottom specific emissivity; wherein the relationship matrix is as follows:

[0043] ε=f(T IR , LWP)

[0044] In the formula, ε represents the cloud bottom specific emissivity, f represents the relationship matrix established by the artificial neural network model, T IR represents the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, and LWP represents the liquid water content.

[0045] Optionally, the cloud bottom specific emissivity determining module is specifically configured to:

[0046] obtain the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature by real-time observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer;

[0047] determine whether the observation area has clouds according to the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature obtained by real-time observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer, and if the observation area has clouds, determine the cloud bottom specific emissivity according to the relationship matrix.

[0048] Optionally, when the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature TIR ≤ 238.15K, and liquid water content LWP < 50g / m 2 If yes, it is determined that the observation area has clouds.

[0049] Optionally, when liquid water content LWP ≥ 500g / m 2 , cloud bottom emissivity ε = 1.

[0050] When liquid water content 50 ≤ LWP < 500g / m 2 , cloud bottom emissivity is determined according to the relationship matrix.

[0051] Optionally, the calculation formula of the real temperature of the cloud bottom is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, T cloud represents the real temperature of the cloud bottom, T IR represents the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, and ε represents the cloud bottom emissivity.

[0054] Optionally, the cloud bottom height estimation module is specifically configured to:

[0055] estimate an initial cloud bottom height h cloud based on the atmospheric temperature profile and the real temperature T cloud of the cloud bottom obtained by real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer.

[0056] verify the initial cloud bottom height h cloud based on the atmospheric humidity profile obtained by real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer, and if the verification is passed, obtain a target cloud bottom height H cloud .

[0057] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cloud bottom height estimation device based on a ground-based microwave radiometer, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing executable program instructions, and when the processor invokes the program instructions in the memory, the processor is configured to:

[0058] perform the steps of the cloud bottom height estimation method based on the ground-based microwave radiometer according to any one of the first aspect.

[0059] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium for storing a program, and when the program is executed, the steps of the cloud bottom height estimation method based on the ground-based microwave radiometer according to any one of the first aspect are implemented.

[0060] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a program product, the program product comprising a computer program stored in a readable storage medium, at least one processor of a robot can read the computer program from the readable storage medium, and the at least one processor executes the computer program to enable the robot to implement the cloud base height estimation method based on a ground-based microwave radiometer according to the first aspect.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0062] In the present application, historical sounding data of an observation area is acquired, a relationship matrix between a cloud base emissivity and liquid water content and an infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature is established according to a detection frequency of the infrared instrument in the ground-based microwave radiometer and the historical sounding data, the cloud base emissivity is determined based on the relationship matrix and the real-time observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer to obtain the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature, the real temperature of the cloud base is determined according to the cloud base emissivity, and the cloud base height is estimated based on the real temperature of the cloud base, an atmospheric temperature profile and an atmospheric humidity profile. The present application can take advantage of the all-day observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer and the infrared instrument, consider the cloud base emissivity, correct the infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature to the real temperature of the cloud base through the emissivity, and thus effectively improve the real-time estimation precision of the cloud base height. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on the provided drawings. Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent through reading the following detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0064] Figure 1 A flowchart of a cloud base height estimation method based on a ground-based microwave radiometer is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 2 A flowchart of a cloud base height estimation method based on a ground-based microwave radiometer is provided for another embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a cloud base height estimation device based on a ground-based microwave radiometer is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a cloud base height estimation device based on a ground-based microwave radiometer is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a computer readable storage medium in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0070] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed" to another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components can also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components can also be present.

[0071] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this description, the terms "therefore" and "because" are used in their conjunctive sense, unless otherwise indicated. As used in this description, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0072] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", and the like in the description of the specification and claims of the present application and the above-described drawings, if present, are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the application described herein, for example, can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to only those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0073] The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes can not be described again in some embodiments.

[0074] Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments described below can be combined with each other in the case of no conflict.

[0075] Embodiments of the present application provide a cloud base height estimation method and device based on a ground-based microwave radiometer, equipment and a storage medium. The ground-based microwave radiometer used in the embodiments of the present application can measure the radiation intensity of atmospheric oxygen molecules and water vapor molecules at different microwave frequency bands (K-band and V-band), and use atmospheric microwave radiation transmission equation to inverse the temperature and water vapor parameters in the atmosphere. It should be noted that the ground-based microwave radiometer generally includes its own antenna feed and scanning system, receiving system, calibration system, power combination system, and is also equipped with six-element, infrared instrument and other external auxiliary equipment.

[0076] For example, the working wavelength of the infrared instrument matched with the ground-based microwave radiometer is generally in the atmospheric window region, which is used to obtain the infrared brightness temperature of the observed area. When the sky is clear, the infrared radiation received by the infrared instrument in the zenith direction only comes from the atmosphere and the cosmic background, and the infrared brightness temperature T IR ≤238.15K; when there is cloud, the infrared instrument will also receive infrared radiation energy from the cloud, and the infrared brightness temperature measured by the infrared instrument when there is cloud is greater than that when the sky is clear. Only when the cloud is a black body, that is, the cloud emissivity ε = 1, the infrared brightness temperature measured by the infrared instrument can be equivalent to the cloud base temperature.

[0077] Figure 1 The flowchart of the cloud base height estimation method based on the ground-based microwave radiometer provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1, which can include the following steps: Figure 1

[0078] Step S101, receiving the historical sounding data of the observed area input from the external device.

[0079] Step S102, establishing a relationship matrix between the cloud base emissivity and the liquid water content, the infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature according to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument in the ground-based microwave radiometer and the historical sounding data.

[0080] In the embodiment, the infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature, the liquid water content and the cloud base emissivity can be simulated by line-by-line integration of the atmospheric radiation transmission model according to the historical sounding data of the observed area, and then the relationship matrix can be established according to the simulated infrared instrument detection radiation brightness temperature, the liquid water content and the cloud base emissivity. The relationship matrix is as follows:

[0081] ε = f (T IR , LWP)

[0082] In the formula, ε represents the cloud base emissivity, f represents the relationship matrix established by the artificial neural network model, T​IR represents the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, and LWP represents the liquid water content.

[0083] In step S103, the cloud bottom emissivity is determined based on the relationship matrix and the liquid water content observed by the ground-based microwave radiometer in real time and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature.

[0084] In this embodiment, the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature can be observed in real time by the ground-based microwave radiometer; whether there is a cloud in the observation area is determined according to the liquid water content observed by the ground-based microwave radiometer in real time and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature; if there is a cloud, the cloud bottom emissivity is determined according to the relationship matrix; and if there is not, the process is ended.

[0085] For example, when the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature T IR ≤ 238.15K and the liquid water content LWP < 50g / m 2 , it is determined that there is no cloud in the observation area.

[0086] For example, when the liquid water content LWP ≥ 500g / m 2 , the cloud bottom emissivity ε = 1; when the liquid water content 50 ≤ LWP < 500g / m 2 , the cloud bottom emissivity is determined according to the relationship matrix.

[0087] In step S104, the real temperature of the cloud bottom is determined according to the cloud bottom emissivity.

[0088] In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the real temperature of the cloud bottom is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, T cloud represents the real temperature of the cloud bottom, T IR represents the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, and ε represents the cloud bottom emissivity.

[0091] In step S105, the cloud bottom height is estimated based on the real temperature of the cloud bottom, the atmospheric temperature profile, and the atmospheric humidity profile.

[0092] In this embodiment, the initial cloud bottom height h cloud is estimated based on the atmospheric temperature profile obtained by the ground-based microwave radiometer in real time and the real temperature T cloud of the cloud bottom; the initial cloud bottom height h cloud is verified based on the atmospheric humidity profile obtained by the ground-based microwave radiometer in real time, and if the verification is passed, the target cloud bottom height H cloud is obtained.

[0093] In this embodiment, historical sounding data of an observation area is obtained; a relationship matrix between cloud bottom emissivity and liquid water content and infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature is established according to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument in the ground-based microwave radiometer and the historical sounding data; based on the relationship matrix, the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature are obtained according to real-time observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer, and the cloud bottom emissivity is determined; the real temperature of the cloud bottom is determined according to the cloud bottom emissivity; and the cloud bottom height is estimated based on the real temperature of the cloud bottom, the atmospheric temperature profile and the atmospheric humidity profile. The application can utilize the all-day observation advantage of the ground-based microwave radiometer and the infrared instrument, consider the cloud bottom emissivity, correct the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature to the real temperature of the cloud bottom through the emissivity, and thus effectively improve the real-time estimation precision of the cloud bottom height.

[0094] Figure 2 A flowchart of a cloud bottom height estimation method based on a ground-based microwave radiometer is provided for another embodiment of the application. The method is applied to a ground-based microwave radiometer system equipped with six-element and infrared instrument auxiliary devices, and the working wavelength of the infrared instrument is 9.6 μm. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the method in this embodiment can include the following steps. Figure 2

[0095] S1: Using the historical sounding data of the detected area, a relationship matrix between the cloud bottom emissivity ε and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature and the liquid water content is established for the detection frequency of the infrared instrument.

[0096] S2: The ground-based microwave radiometer is deployed at a required observation point, and the liquid water content LWP measured by the ground-based radiometer and the cloud bottom infrared radiation brightness temperature measured by the infrared instrument under non-precipitation conditions are obtained.

[0097] S3: The infrared radiation brightness temperature T IR at 9.6 μm directly measured by the infrared instrument and the liquid water content LWP observed by the ground-based microwave radiometer are used to determine whether there is cloud in the observed area, and when T IR > 238.15 K or LWP ≥ 50 g / m 2 , it is determined that there is cloud in the observed area. In the formula, T1 and T2 are the radiation brightness temperatures of the ground-based microwave radiometer at 23.84 GHz and 31.4 GHz frequency points, and a1 and a2 are regression coefficients.

[0098] LWP = a1T1 + a2T2

[0099] In the formula, T1 and T2 are the radiation brightness temperatures of the ground-based microwave radiometer at 23.84 GHz and 31.4 GHz frequency points, and a1 and a2 are regression coefficients.

[0100] S4: Under the cloud condition, the liquid water content LWP obtained by real-time observation of the ground-based radiometer and the cloud bottom infrared radiometer brightness temperature T IR measured by the infrared instrument are used to obtain the cloud bottom emissivity ε based on the relationship matrix.

[0101] ​S5: Calculate the real temperature of cloud bottom T IR based on the cloud bottom specific radiance ε and the radiation brightness temperature T cloud measured by the infrared instrument, and the specific calculation formula is as follows.

[0102]

[0103] S6: Estimate the cloud bottom height h cloud based on the atmospheric temperature profile obtained by real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer and the real temperature of cloud bottom T cloud .

[0104] S7: Verify the cloud bottom height h cloud based on the atmospheric humidity profile obtained by real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer, and finally obtain the cloud bottom height H cloud .

[0105] In this embodiment, step S1 further comprises:

[0106] S11: Simulate the radiation brightness temperature T IR of the infrared instrument at 9.6 μm based on the historical sounding data of the observed area using the line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer model.

[0107] S12: Simulate the liquid water content LWP based on the historical sounding data of the observed area using the line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer model.

[0108] S13: Simulate the cloud bottom specific radiance ε based on the historical sounding data of the observed area using the line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer model.

[0109] S14: Establish the relationship between T IR , LWP and ε in steps S11, S12 and S13 through an artificial neural network algorithm, as shown below.

[0110] ε = f(T IR , LWP)

[0111] In the formula, f is a relationship matrix established through an artificial neural network algorithm.

[0112] In this embodiment, step S4 further comprises:

[0113] S41: When LWP ≥ 500 g / m 2 , the specific radiance ε = 1.

[0114] S42: When 50 ≤ LWP < 500 g / m 2 , based on the relationship between the cloud bottom specific radiance ε and the liquid water content LWP and the radiation brightness temperature T IRThe cloud bottom emissivity ε is calculated.

[0115] Based on the existing real-time observation algorithm of cloud bottom height of ground-based microwave radiometer, the embodiment proposes a relationship matrix among the cloud bottom emissivity ε, the liquid water content LWP and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature T IR

[0116] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the cloud bottom height estimation device based on the ground-based microwave radiometer provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in Figure 3 The device in the embodiment can include:

[0117] The historical data acquisition module 301 is configured to receive the historical sounding data of the observation area input from an external device.

[0118] The relationship matrix establishment module 302 is configured to establish the relationship matrix among the cloud bottom emissivity, the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature according to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument in the ground-based microwave radiometer and the historical sounding data.

[0119] The cloud bottom emissivity determination module 303 is configured to determine the cloud bottom emissivity according to the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature obtained by the real-time observation of the ground-based microwave radiometer.

[0120] The cloud bottom real temperature determination module 304 is configured to determine the real temperature of the cloud bottom according to the cloud bottom emissivity.

[0121] The cloud bottom height estimation module 305 is configured to estimate the cloud bottom height based on the real temperature of the cloud bottom, the atmospheric temperature profile and the atmospheric humidity profile.

[0122] Optionally, the relationship matrix establishment module 302 is specifically configured to:

[0123] simulate the radiation brightness temperature corresponding to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument by line-by-line integration of the atmospheric radiation transfer model according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0124] simulate the liquid water content by line-by-line integration of the atmospheric radiation transfer model according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0125] simulate the cloud bottom emissivity by line-by-line integration of the atmospheric radiation transfer model according to the historical sounding data of the observation area;

[0126] ​According to the simulated infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, liquid water content and cloud bottom specific radiation, a relationship matrix is established, wherein the relationship matrix is as follows:

[0127] ε = f(T IR , LWP)

[0128] In the formula, ε represents the cloud bottom specific radiation, f represents the relationship matrix established by the artificial neural network, T IR represents the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, and LWP represents the liquid water content.

[0129] Optionally, the cloud bottom specific radiation determination module 303 is specifically configured to:

[0130] Obtaining the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature in real time through the ground-based microwave radiometer;

[0131] According to the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature obtained in real time through the ground-based microwave radiometer, it is determined whether there is cloud in the observation area, and if there is cloud, the cloud bottom specific radiation is determined according to the relationship matrix.

[0132] Optionally, when the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature T IR ≤238.15K, and the liquid water content LWP <50g / m 2 , it is determined that there is no cloud in the observation area.

[0133] Optionally, when the liquid water content LWP≥500g / m 2 , the cloud bottom specific radiation ε = 1.

[0134] When the liquid water content 50≤LWP <500g / m 2 , the cloud bottom specific radiation is determined according to the relationship matrix.

[0135] Optionally, the calculation formula of the real temperature of the cloud bottom is as follows:

[0136]

[0137] In the formula, T cloud represents the real temperature of the cloud bottom, T IR represents the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature, and ε represents the cloud bottom specific radiation.

[0138] Optionally, the cloud bottom height estimation module 305 is specifically configured to:

[0139] Based on the atmospheric temperature profile and the real temperature T cloud of the cloud bottom obtained by the ground-based microwave radiometer in real time, the initial cloud bottom height h cloud is estimated.

[0140] Based on the atmospheric humidity profile obtained by real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer, the initial cloud bottom height h cloud is verified, and if the verification is passed, the target cloud bottom height H cloud .

[0141] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the cloud bottom height estimation equipment based on the ground-based microwave radiometer provided by the embodiment of the present application, the cloud bottom height estimation equipment based on the ground-based microwave radiometer 400 in the embodiment can include a processor 401 and a memory 402.

[0142] The memory 402 is used for storing programs; the memory 402 can include volatile memory (English: volatile memory), such as random access memory (English: random-access memory, abbreviation: RAM), such as static random access memory (English: static random access memory, abbreviation: SRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (English: Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory, abbreviation: DDR SDRAM) and the like; the memory can also include non-volatile memory (English: non-volatile memory), such as flash memory (English: flash memory). The memory 402 is used for storing computer programs (such as application programs, functional modules and the like for realizing the above method), computer instructions and the like, and the above computer programs, computer instructions and the like can be stored in one or more memories 402. And the above computer programs, computer instructions, data and the like can be called by the processor 401.

[0143] The above computer programs, computer instructions and the like can be stored in one or more memories 402. And the above computer programs, computer instructions, data and the like can be called by the processor 401.

[0144] The processor 401 is used for executing the computer programs stored in the memory 402 to realize each step in the method related by the above embodiment.

[0145] Specifically, refer to the related description in the above method embodiment.

[0146] The processor 401 and the memory 402 can be an independent structure, or an integrated structure. When the processor 401 and the memory 402 are independent structures, the memory 402 and the processor 401 can be coupled and connected through a bus 403.

[0147] The marking device 400 of the workpiece profile of the embodiment can execute Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The technical solutions in the method shown in the embodiment can be implemented by referring to the related descriptions of the method shown in the embodiment, and details are not described herein. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The technical solutions in the method shown in the embodiment can be implemented by referring to the related descriptions of the method shown in the embodiment, and details are not described herein.

[0148] Those skilled in the art can understand that various aspects of the present application can be implemented as a system, a method or a program product. Therefore, various aspects of the present application can be implemented in the form of a complete hardware implementation, a complete software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or an implementation combining hardware and software aspects, which can be collectively referred to as "circuitry", "module" or "platform" herein.

[0149] In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores computer execution instructions. When at least one processor of the user equipment executes the computer execution instructions, the user equipment executes the various possible methods described above.

[0150] The computer readable medium includes computer storage medium and communication medium, and the communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer program from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special purpose computer. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in the user equipment. Of course, the processor and the storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the communication device.

[0151] The present application also provides a program product, and the program product includes a computer program, the computer program is stored in a readable storage medium, and at least one processor of the server can read the computer program from the readable storage medium, and the at least one processor executes the computer program to make the server implement the method of any of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0152] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by program instruction related hardware, and the foregoing program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments are executed; and the foregoing storage medium includes read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and various media that can store program codes.

[0153] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a computer readable storage medium in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 5 As shown, a program product 500 for implementing the above method according to the embodiment of the present application is described, which can adopt a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include program codes, and can run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the program product of the present application is not limited thereto, and in this document, the readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program, which can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device.

[0154] The program product can adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can be, for example but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disc, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0155] The computer readable storage medium can include a data signal carried in the baseband or as a part of a carrier wave propagating through the transmission medium, in which a readable program code is borne. Such a propagating data signal can adopt various forms, including but not limited to an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal or any suitable combination of the above. The readable storage medium can also be any readable medium other than the readable storage medium, which can send, propagate or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device. The program code contained on the readable storage medium can be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0156] The program code may be executed by one or more programmable processing devices, which can include processors, microprocessor, microcomputer or microcontrollers, as well as other internal and / or external devices. In this description and the following claims, the terms "computer", "processor", "processing device" and "memory" are often used interchangeably. Suitable processors include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a memory over a bus. The execution of computer program instructions by a processor causes the functioning of the computer according to the computer program instructions. The computer program instructions can be stored in a computer program product, which can be a memory or a storage device. The general structure, software and operating environment of computers are well known and will not be further discussed in more detail herein. The program code may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C++, or the like, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's computing device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection can be made to an external computing device, such as through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider. The application is not limited to the use of a specific programming language.

[0157] The various embodiments described in this specification can be implemented in any combination of hardware, software or firmware. The various embodiments described in this specification can be implemented in software that runs on one or more computer systems, and / or in firmware that runs on one or more computer systems, and / or computer hardware platforms. The computer systems can be general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network multiprocessor systems, multi-core processor systems, or any other devices specifically configured to perform the functions described in this specification. The various embodiments described in this specification can be implemented in a distributed computing system that includes one or more computer systems that are operatively connected to one or more other computer systems, which can be co-located or located remotely.

[0158] The specific embodiments of the present application have been described. It is to be understood, however, that based on the available disclosure and teachings of this specification, that modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and to those who are not skilled in this art, but which are considered to be within the ambit of equivalent of the present application. Therefore, the scope of the present application should not be limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but should be given the full scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for estimating cloud base height based on ground-based microwave radiometer, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: receiving historical sounding data of an observation area input by an external device; Step 2: establishing a relationship matrix between cloud bottom specific radiance and liquid water content and infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature according to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument in the ground-based microwave radiometer and the historical sounding data; the step 2 comprises: Step 2.1: simulating the radiation brightness temperature corresponding to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer modeling according to the historical sounding data of the observation area; Step 2.2: simulating the liquid water content by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer modeling according to the historical sounding data of the observation area; Step 2.3: simulating the cloud bottom specific radiance by line-by-line atmospheric radiation transfer modeling according to the historical sounding data of the observation area; Step 2.4: establishing a relationship matrix according to the simulated radiation brightness temperature corresponding to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument, the liquid water content and the cloud bottom specific radiance; wherein the relationship matrix is as follows: ε = f(T IR , LWP) In the formula, ε represents the cloud bottom specific radiation, f represents a relationship matrix established through an artificial neural network model, T IR represents the radiation brightness temperature corresponding to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument, and LWP represents the liquid water content. Step 3: determining the cloud bottom specific radiance according to the real-time observed liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature of the ground-based microwave radiometer based on the relationship matrix; Step 4: determining the real temperature of the cloud bottom according to the cloud bottom specific radiance; Step 5: estimating the cloud bottom height based on the real temperature of the cloud bottom, the atmospheric temperature profile and the atmospheric humidity profile.

2. The ground-based microwave radiometer-based cloud base height estimation method of claim 1, wherein, The step 3 comprises: Step 3.1: observing the liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature by the ground-based microwave radiometer in real time; Step 3.2: judging whether there is cloud in the observation area according to the real-time observed liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature of the ground-based microwave radiometer, if there is cloud, executing step 3.3; if there is no cloud, ending the process; Step 3.3: determining the cloud bottom specific radiance according to the relationship matrix.

3. The ground-based microwave radiometer-based cloud base height estimation method of claim 2, wherein, In step 3.2, when the infrared instrument detects the radiation brightness temperature T IR ≤ 238.15 K, and the liquid water content LWP < 50 g / m 2 , it is determined that the observation area does not have clouds.

4. The ground-based microwave radiometer-based cloud base height estimation method of claim 2, wherein, In step 3.3, when the liquid water content LWP≥500 g / m 2 the cloud base specific emissivity ε = 1. When the liquid water content is 50 < LWP < 500 g / m 2 a cloud base specific radiance is determined from the relation matrix.

5. The ground-based microwave radiometer-based cloud base height estimation method of claim 1, wherein, The calculation formula of the real temperature of the cloud bottom in the step 4 is as follows: where: T cloud represents the true temperature of the cloud base, T IR represents the infrared instrument detected radiance temperature, and ε represents the cloud base emissivity.

6. The ground-based microwave radiometer-based cloud base height estimation method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The step 5 comprises: Based on the atmospheric temperature profile and the real temperature T of the cloud bottom obtained by real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer cloud , the initial cloud bottom height h is estimated cloud ; Based on the atmospheric humidity profile obtained by real-time inversion of the ground-based microwave radiometer, the initial cloud bottom height h cloud is verified, and if the verification is passed, the target cloud bottom height H colud is obtained.

7. A ground-based microwave radiometer-based cloud base height estimation apparatus, characterized by, The device for implementing the steps of the ground-based microwave radiometer based cloud bottom height estimation method in any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises: a historical data acquisition module for receiving historical sounding data of an observation area input by an external device; a relationship matrix establishment module for establishing a relationship matrix between cloud bottom specific radiance and liquid water content and infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature according to the detection frequency of the infrared instrument in the ground-based microwave radiometer and the historical sounding data; a cloud bottom specific radiance determination module for determining the cloud bottom specific radiance according to the real-time observed liquid water content and the infrared instrument detected radiation brightness temperature of the ground-based microwave radiometer based on the relationship matrix; a cloud bottom real temperature determination module for determining the real temperature of the cloud bottom according to the cloud bottom specific radiance; a cloud bottom height estimation module for estimating the cloud bottom height based on the real temperature of the cloud bottom, the atmospheric temperature profile and the atmospheric humidity profile.

8. A ground-based microwave radiometer-based cloud base height estimation apparatus, characterized by, The device comprises: a processor and a memory, the memory storing executable program instructions, and when the processor invokes the program instructions in the memory, the processor is used to: execute the steps of the ground-based microwave radiometer based cloud bottom height estimation method in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer readable storage medium for storing a program, characterized in that, The program, when executed, implements the steps of the method for estimating cloud base height from ground-based microwave radiometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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