Design method of urine-feces-wash water in-situ separation and treatment system

Abstract

The present invention provides a design method for an in-situ separation and treatment system of urine-feces-flushing water based on a "design-simulation-verification" mode, including a urine separation structure design and a flushing water collection structure design, and further including the design and calculation of the opening position, opening size, number of openings, urine delivery pipe, and flushing water collection pipeline inside the toilet for urine separation. First, the design parameter range is preliminarily determined by design calculation of the opening position, opening size, and number; secondly, the design parameter value is locked by simulating urination with a sprinkler and fitting the flushing water distribution with Solidworks Flow Simulation; finally, the flushing water collection performance is verified and the overall flushing water-urine recovery rate is detected by flushing experiments and urine separation experiments. It was finally verified that this source separation toilet meets the function of effectively collecting flushing water within a set time period under the specified water consumption, the average urine collection rate is more than 70%, and the flushing water dispersion rate is less than 30%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of public health appliances, and in particular to a design method for a urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system based on a "design-simulation-verification" model. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of public health equipment, separating feces and urine at the source and collecting and utilizing them separately has become the most promising governance model. This model can be applied to in-situ treatment toilets, reducing the investment scale and operating costs of urban sewage treatment plants, and promoting resource circulation, which will bring good economic and environmental benefits.

[0003] However, most toilets in my country currently still use a mixed collection mode of feces and urine. If we want to improve the recycling of high-value nutrients, we need to optimize the urine separation structural components in the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation toilet so that the toilet can more efficiently recycle urine and separate feces. Therefore, efficient separation of urine and feces and improving the utilization rate of flushing water are the research directions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a design method for a urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation treatment system. The design method designs and calculates various parameters of the source separation toilet and partially optimizes them based on the "design-simulation-verification" mode, develops toilet feces and sewage source separation technology, designs source separation toilets, builds models of toilet products, studies operating efficiency and influencing factors, and improves flushing water utilization efficiency. The design method for a urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation treatment system provided by the present invention can efficiently separate urine and feces in situ, improves the subsequent treatment effect while improving the recycling of flushing water.

[0005] A design method for an in-situ separation and treatment system for urine-feces-flushing water comprises the following steps:

[0006] The urine separation structure design includes the design of the opening position of the toilet, the size and number of the openings, and the urine delivery tube; the size and number of the openings are designed as follows: first, the flow rate is planned Q , , , C d =0.9975-6.53 , Re = ;in, n refers to the number of openings, A 2 Refers to the area of ​​a single opening. A1 Refers to the sieve plate area, P 1 , P 2 They refer to the pressure of urine before and after it passes through the opening, r Refers to urine density, β Refers to the viscosity coefficient, C d Refers to the flow coefficient, m Refers to kinematic viscosity, d refers to the diameter of the opening, v Refers to the average flow rate of urine; using flow Q Reverse viscosity coefficient β value, thereby determining the size and number of the openings; the opening position design includes the following steps: determining the urine incident angle α , the distance from the launch point directly above the toilet drain Oh , Urine initial velocity v ; Decompose the parabola of urine motion trajectory orthogonally into horizontal uniform motion and vertical free fall motion; Based on the distance of the launch point directly above the toilet drain, Oh , through the formula , calculate the time it takes for urine to fall from the starting point to the inner wall of the toilet t ; and according to the angle of incidence α and urine initial velocity v 0 ,pass , and the speed of horizontal uniform motion is obtained v x = v 0 ; Through the formula , obtaining the horizontal distance between the opening position and the outside of the toilet drain outlet; and

[0007] The flushing water collection structure design includes the construction of the flushing water collection pipeline and the calculation of valve time control.

[0008] A design method for an in-situ separation and treatment system for urine-feces-flushing water based on a "design-simulation-verification" model comprises the following steps:

[0009] First, the design parameter range is preliminarily determined by designing the opening position, opening size and number of the toilet and the urine delivery tube;

[0010] Secondly, the design parameter values ​​were locked by simulating urination through a water sprinkler and fitting the flushing water distribution; and

[0011] Finally, the flushing water collection performance and the overall flushing water-urine recovery rate are verified through flushing experiments and urine separation experiments; and / or the average urine collection rate is more than 70%, and / or the flushing water dispersion rate is less than 30%.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] The present invention adopts a design method for a urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system, which can efficiently separate urine and feces in-situ, thereby improving the subsequent treatment effect while improving the recycling of flushing water; the feces and urine source separation system collects urine and feces separately, which simplifies the difficulty of subsequent separation, reduces the water used for flushing toilets, and is conducive to subsequent recycling; after the toilet is flushed, the flushing water will form a water seal at the bend of the sewage pipe, avoiding the odor problem and retaining the advantages of flush toilets; the problem of flushing water diluting feces is solved, and the solid-liquid separator separates feces and sewage, which can be used separately, reducing the difficulty of sewage treatment, reducing the concentration of sewage pollutants, and improving the feces composting capacity; the harmless treatment of urine is achieved, and it is supplemented with flushing water, further saving flushing water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG1 is a flow chart of a design method of a urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system based on a “design-simulation-verification” model provided by the present invention.

[0015] FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the hole position design provided by the present invention.

[0016] FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the design of the hole size and the number of holes provided by the present invention.

[0017] FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the experimental simulation of the hole-opening method provided by the present invention.

[0018] FIG5 is a flow chart of an experiment for verifying the urine separation system provided by the present invention.

[0019] Description of main reference numerals:

[0020] none DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is described below by specific embodiments. It should be understood that one or more steps mentioned in the present invention do not exclude the existence of other methods and steps before and after the combination step, or other methods and steps can be inserted between these explicitly mentioned steps. It should also be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the numbering of each method step is only for the purpose of identifying each method step, and does not limit the order of arrangement of each method or limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship thereof can also be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical content.

[0022] The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system provided by the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a design method for a urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system based on a "design-simulation-verification" mode, which comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. Urine separation structure design; and

[0025] S2. Design of flushing water collection structure.

[0026] In step S1, the urine separation structure design includes the following steps:

[0027] S11, toilet opening location design;

[0028] S12, design of the size of the toilet opening and the number of the toilet openings; and

[0029] S13. Urine delivery tube design.

[0030] In step S11, see Figure 2 The method for designing the position of the toilet opening comprises the following steps:

[0031] S111. Determine the urine incident angle α , the distance from the launch point directly above the toilet drain Oh , Urine initial velocity v ;

[0032] S112, orthogonally decomposing the parabola of the urine motion trajectory into horizontal uniform motion and vertical free fall motion;

[0033] S113, based on the distance from the launch point directly above the toilet drain outlet Oh , through the formula , calculate the time it takes for urine to fall from the starting point to the inner wall of the toilet t ;as well as

[0034] S114, according to the incident angle α and urine initial velocity v 0 ,pass , and the speed of horizontal uniform motion is obtained v x = v 0 ; Through the formula , and obtain the horizontal distance between the opening position and the outside of the toilet drain outlet.

[0035] In step S111, the distance (initial height) at which the emission point is located directly above the toilet drain outlet is Oh It can be 180 mm to 220 mm. In a specific embodiment, the initial velocity of urine v 0 The incident angle for males is 0.28 m / s to 0.52 m / s. α The incident angle for women is 30° α The angle is 45°, and the launch point is located at the distance directly above the toilet drain (initial height) Oh The toilet opening is 205 mm, and the horizontal distance from the toilet drain outlet to the outside is 3.6 cm to 8.1 cm.

[0036] In step S12, see Figure 3 , the opening for collecting urine in the toilet is regarded as a throttling orifice plate. The calculation of the size and number of openings in the toilet is first performed by the formula and (in, P 1 , P 2 They refer to the pressure of urine before and after it passes through the opening, v 1 , v 2 They refer to the speed of urine before and after it passes through the opening, r Refers to urine density, g is the free acceleration of urine, n refers to the number of openings, A 1 Refers to the sieve plate area, A 2 Refers to the size of a single opening), combined and launched Since actual flow has turbulence and viscosity, the flow coefficient is introduced C d and viscosity coefficient β , C d =0.9975-6.53 , Re = ,in, r Refers to urine density ( r Can be 1.15g / cm 3 Up to 1.025g / cm 3 , in a specific embodiment, r =1.08g / cm 3 ), v The average urine flow rate. m Refers to kinematic viscosity (in one embodiment, m =1.01×10 3 ), d Refers to the diameter of the opening. ; , first determine the flow coefficient Q , using traffic Q Reverse viscosity coefficient β value, and then determine the size and number (or area) of the toilet opening.

[0037] The relationship between the toilet opening size and flow rate is based on the formula ,in, S refers to the total area of ​​the openings; v 1 Refers to the outflow velocity of urine, that is, the velocity of urine before it passes through the opening; flow coefficient CD =0.9975-6.53 , Re = ( r Refers to urine density and r Can be 1.15g / cm 3 Up to 1.025g / cm 3 , m Refers to kinematic viscosity, d refers to the diameter of the opening, v Refers to the average urine flow rate; in one embodiment, r =1.08g / cm 3 , m =1.01×10 3 ), the static pressure is negligible, the maximum flow rate is designed to be 0.1L / s, and the total hole area S = nA 2 (in, n Refers to the number of openings; A 2 Refers to the size of a single opening). The maximum pressure before and after perforation is taken for approximate calculation. If all flow conditions are met, the total opening area is 37.67cm 2If the actual urine flow distribution is considered, the average flow rate is 0.04 L / s and the total opening area is 18.44 cm 2 above.

[0038] The relationship between the number of toilet openings and the average flow rate is based on the above formula , , the Reynolds number is greater than 10 in most cases 6 , CD Take 0.9975; design maximum flow Q max =0.1L / s; total hole area S 1 =37.67, S 2 =18.44; Urine viscosity m =1.01×10 -3 ; Urine density r Take 1.15g / cm 3 -1.025g / cm 3 (In one specific embodiment, p= 1.08g / cm 3 ); When the hole area reaches a certain size, the Reynolds number is less than 10 6 , CD Value changes.

[0039] The relationship between the number of holes in the toilet and the average flow rate is that when the number of holes reaches 34 or more (in a specific embodiment, when the number of holes reaches 74 or more), the Reynolds number is less than 10 6 , the flow rate is reduced, but the impact is small. Considering the clogging behavior in actual use, the opening of each small hole should not be too large or too small. In a specific embodiment, the number of openings is 20 to 30; the opening size value is suitable for direct urine injection, and urine flowing through the hole against the wall is considered as full flow. The actual maximum flow rate is lower than the design value, that is, the opening size value can be smaller.

[0040] In step S13, the urine delivery pipe is designed to use a straight-discharge C-type pipe, the straight-discharge C-type pipe has a pipe inclination angle of 5-8°, a pipe included angle of 30-60°, a urine delivery pipe height of 250mm-350mm (just ensure that there is a water seal), and the water seal liquid level height is 100mm-150mm after the flushing water is discharged. In a specific embodiment, the straight-discharge C-type pipe has a pipe inclination angle of 5°, a pipe included angle of 45°, a urine delivery pipe height of 300 mm, and a water seal liquid level height of 100 mm after the flushing water is discharged.

[0041] In step S2, the design of the flushing water collection structure includes the construction of the flushing water collection pipeline.

[0042] The construction of the flushing water collection pipeline refers to the construction of the flushing water collection module so that after the design time is over, the main pipeline and the urine collection pipeline are closed, and the flushing water collection pipeline is opened, so that the flushing water for subsequent flushing of the inner wall is separated.

[0043] The present invention further comprises a simulation step S3, which is performed after the step S2.

[0044] In step S3, a water sprinkler is used to simulate urination, and the flushing simulation of the flushing water collection pipeline is performed using Solidworks Flow Simulation software to verify the flushing water collection performance.

[0045] In step S3, the position of the toilet opening is experimentally simulated, and the specific position of the opening is verified according to the calculated value to ensure that the opening is located where the urine distribution volume is the largest. In a specific embodiment, the initial urine flow rate ranges from 0.28 to 0.52 m / s, and the speed of urine hitting the impact surface is estimated to be about 3 m / s. Each urination cycle is designed to include a liquid jet lasting 20 seconds, and the continuous urination time is ~21 13 seconds, contact angle hysteresis and lubricant thickness were measured after every five urination cycles, and a water jet was used to simulate urination to evaluate the durability of the lubricant and verify the specific pore location. The pore location was determined to be where the urine distribution was the largest. The results showed that the less coating could withstand at least 50 urination cycles before further replenishment of the lubricant layer was required.

[0046] The toilet opening size experimental simulation, in a specific embodiment, see Figure 4 , a water jet was used to simulate urination, the initial flow rate of urine ranged from 0.28 to 0.52 m / s, the speed of urine hitting the surface was about 3 m / s, the jet time was 20 s, the emission point was 205 mm above the toilet drain, the incident angle was 30° / 45°, and the designed maximum flow rate was Q max =0.1L / s; Solidworks was used to reconstruct the inner wall model of the toilet; Solidworks Flow Simulation was used to fit the flushing water distribution and verify the flushing effect; the simulation results verified that the horizontal distance from the outside of the toilet drain outlet was 3.6 cm to 8.1 cm, and the total opening area was 37.67cm 2 The number of openings is 20, which is in line with the actual situation.

[0047] The present invention further comprises a verification step S4, which is performed after the simulation step S3. Step S4 performs a flushing experiment and a urine separation effect experiment.

[0048] See also Figure 5In step S4, a flushing experiment and a urine separation effect experiment are performed, that is, a urine separation system verification experiment, including the following steps:

[0049] S41, performing a flushing test, a half flushing test and a full flushing test, and performing a simulated urine shock before each flushing;

[0050] S42, after the simulated urine impact test, flush water and record the flushing volume in the rear urine separation pipeline and feces separation pipeline. The water consumption is calculated according to the formula V +Δ V = V 1 + V 2 (in, V Refers to the total flushing water volume in liters; V 1 Refers to the amount of water separated from the urine separation port, in liters; V 2 Refers to the amount of water separated from the manure and sewage separation outlet, in liters; ΔV Refers to the simulated urine volume, in liters) calculation, the test structure is accurate to 0.1L;

[0051] S43, conducting a urine separation effect experiment, which is divided into a urine discharge stage-a flushing water stage;

[0052] S44, urine discharge stage experiment references confirm the discharge position, discharge speed and other factors, and design four sets of gradients and two flushing water volumes with reference to the actual urine discharge of the human body. The urine discharge volume is 200 mL, 250 mL, 300 mL, and 350 mL, and the flushing water volume is 6 L and 3 L; and

[0053] S45, monitoring the amount of flushing water flushed away from the urine separation port, calculating the flushing water dispersion rate, and detecting the overall flushing water dispersion.

[0054] That is, the present invention provides a design method for a urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system based on a "design-simulation-verification" mode, which comprises the following steps:

[0055] First, by designing the toilet opening position, opening size and number, and urine delivery tube, the design parameter range is preliminarily determined (i.e., step S1 and step S2);

[0056] Secondly, the design parameter values ​​are locked by simulating urination with a water sprinkler and fitting the flushing water distribution with Solidworks Flow Simulation (i.e., step S3);

[0057] Finally, flushing water experiments and urine separation experiments are performed to verify the flushing water collection performance and detect the overall flushing water-urine recovery rate (ie, step S4).

[0058] It was finally verified that this source separation toilet can effectively collect flushing water within a set time period under the specified water consumption. The average urine collection rate reached more than 70%, and the flushing water dispersion rate was below 30%.

[0059] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A design method for an in-situ separation and treatment system for urine, feces and flushing water, wherein The following steps are involved: The urine separation structure design includes the design of the opening position of the toilet, the size and number of the openings, and the urine delivery tube; the size and number of the openings are designed as follows: first, the flow rate is planned Q , ; , C d =0.9975-6.53 , Re = ;in, n refers to the number of openings, A 2 Refers to the area of ​​a single opening. A 1 Refers to the sieve plate area, P 1 , P 2 They respectively refer to the pressure of urine before and after it passes through the opening, ρ Refers to urine density, β Refers to the viscosity coefficient, C d Refers to the flow coefficient, μ Refers to kinematic viscosity, d refers to the diameter of the opening, v Refers to the average flow rate of urine; using flow Q Inverse viscosity coefficient β value, thereby determining the size and number of the openings; the opening position design includes the following steps: Determine the urine incident angle α , the distance from the launch point directly above the toilet drain Oy , Urine initial velocity v 0 ; Orthogonally decompose the parabola of urine motion trajectory into horizontal uniform motion and vertical free fall motion; Based on the distance of the launch point directly above the toilet drain Oy , through the formula , calculate the time it takes for urine to fall from the starting point to the inner wall of the toilet t ;as well as According to the angle of incidence α and initial velocity of urine v 0 ,pass , and the speed of horizontal uniform motion is obtained v x = v 0 ; Through the formula , obtaining the horizontal distance between the opening position and the outside of the toilet drain outlet; and The flushing water collection structure design includes the construction of the flushing water collection pipeline and the calculation of valve time control.

2. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The initial urine velocity v 0 The incident angle for males is 0.28 m / s to 0.52 m / s. α The incident angle for women is 30° α The angle is 45°, and the emission point is located directly above the toilet drain. Oy The opening is 180 mm to 220 mm, and the horizontal distance from the opening to the outside of the toilet drain is 3.6 cm to 8.1 cm.

3. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The relationship between the size of the opening and the flow rate is based on the formula , S refers to the total area of ​​the openings, v 1 Refers to the speed of urine before passing through the opening, the static pressure is negligible, the maximum flow rate is designed to be 0.1L / s, and the total area of ​​the hole S = n A 2 , the urine density ρ is 1.08, and the total opening area is 18.44cm 2 above.

4. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that The total opening area is 37.67 cm 2 above.

5. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The number of the openings is 20 to 30.

6. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The urine delivery pipe is designed to use a straight-discharge C-type pipe, the straight-discharge C-type pipe has a pipe inclination angle of 5°-8°, a pipe angle of 30°-60°, a urine delivery pipe height of 250mm-350mm, and a water seal liquid level height of 100mm-150mm after the flushing water is discharged.

7. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that It further includes a simulation step and a verification step, wherein the simulation step is performed after the flushing water collection structure is designed, and the verification step is performed after the simulation step, and the verification step includes a flushing water experiment and a urine separation effect experiment.

8. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that The simulation step is to simulate urination with a sprinkler and to simulate flushing the flushing water collection pipeline to verify the flushing water collection performance.

9. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system as claimed in claim 8, It is characterized in that Use a water jet to simulate urination. The initial flow rate of urine ranges from 0.28 to 0.52 m / s. The speed of urine hitting the surface is 3 m / s. The jet time is 20 s. The emission point is 205 mm above the toilet drain. The incident angle is 30° or 45°. The designed maximum flow rate Q max =0.1L / s; Solidworks was used to rebuild the toilet inner wall model; Solidworks Flow Simulation was used to fit the flushing water distribution and verify the flushing effect.

10. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The flushing experiment and urine separation effect experiment include the following steps: Conduct flushing test, half flushing test and full flushing test, and conduct a simulated urine shock before each flushing; After the simulated urine impact test, flush water and record the flushing volume in the rear urine separation pipeline and feces separation pipeline. The water consumption is calculated according to the formula V +Δ V = V 1 + V 2 Calculate, where V Refers to the total flushing water volume in liters; V 1 Refers to the amount of water separated from the urine separation port, in liters; V 2 Refers to the amount of water separated from the manure and sewage separation port, in liters; Δ V Refers to the simulated urine volume, in liters, and the test result is accurate to 0.1L; Conduct urine separation effect experiments, which are divided into urine discharge stage-washing water stage; The urine discharge phase experiment was designed with four gradients and two flushing water volumes, with urine discharge volumes of 200 mL, 250 mL, 300 mL, and 350 mL, and flushing water volumes of 6 L and 3 L; Monitor the amount of flushing water flushed away from the urine separation port, calculate the flushing water dispersion rate, and detect the overall flushing water dispersion.

11. The design method of the urine-feces-flushing water in-situ separation and treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein The following steps are involved: First, the design parameter range is preliminarily determined by designing the opening position, opening size and number of the toilet and the urine delivery tube; Secondly, the design parameter values ​​were locked by simulating urination through a water sprinkler and fitting the flushing water distribution; as well as Finally, the flushing water collection performance and the overall flushing water-urine recovery rate are verified through flushing experiments and urine separation experiments; and / or the average urine collection rate is more than 70%, and / or the flushing water dispersion rate is less than 30%.

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