Quantitative Measurement System for the Pointing Accuracy of Laser Sensor Output Beam Based on Theodolite

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of precision optomechanical assembly and adjustment technology, and discloses a quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor output beam based on a theodolite. The system includes: a laser under test, a standard cube, a small standard plane mirror, a parabolic reflector, a second optical platform, a laser photosensitive target paper, a laser target paper holder, a high-precision theodolite, a first optical platform, and a level. An off-axis imaging optical path is constructed on the first optical platform. The laser target paper is fixed to the focal plane of the parabolic reflector via the laser target paper holder. The laser under test is placed on the second optical platform, and the laser under test is adjusted so that the output beam is focused onto the laser target paper by the parabolic reflector. During measurement, after determining the laser's reference plane using the high-precision theodolite, the position of the laser's output beam spot is measured, achieving a quantitative measurement of the deviation between the laser output beam and the laser mounting base and reference plane. This invention can quickly and accurately measure errors, is easy to assemble, adjust, and test, and effectively ensures the consistency of batch products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision optomechanical assembly and adjustment technology, and relates to a quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of the emitted beam of a laser sensor based on a theodolite. Background Technology

[0002] Laser sensors possess high directivity, enabling precise ranging, illumination, communication, dazzling, and burning functions as directional energy systems. They have wide applications in optoelectronic reconnaissance, optoelectronic information transmission, and optoelectronic denial. Therefore, methods for measuring the pointing accuracy and stability of laser beams emitted from lasers have attracted considerable attention.

[0003] Laser sensors require precise pointing accuracy of the emitted laser during use. Therefore, the spatial angle between the emitted laser and the mounting surface and reference surface is an important performance indicator. It can not only effectively constrain the azimuth and pitch of the emitted laser, but also is a necessary condition for judging the stability of the laser beam pointing after multiple uses. Moreover, a stable emission direction is a prerequisite for stable sensor performance and mass production.

[0004] Currently, the measurement method for the direction of the emitted beam from a laser sensor is generally qualitative. This involves using a square tube front mirror based on a mounting surface and a reference surface to determine the deviation between the laser spot and the center of the reticle crosshair in the square tube front mirror. However, to improve the controllability of the laser's emission position and the stability of mass production, a more precise quantitative measurement method is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (I) Purpose of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the need for quantitative measurement of the beam direction of laser emitters by providing a theodolite-based system for quantitative measurement of the beam direction accuracy of laser sensors. This system utilizes a high-precision theodolite to achieve quantitative measurement of the emitted laser beam. A level is used to align the laser and the theodolite to a horizontal plane, ensuring measurement accuracy and precision. A standard cube and a small standard plane mirror are used to transform the reference plane of the laser, enabling measurement of the laser's reference plane and meeting measurement requirements. This not only simplifies the measurement process but also ensures the reliability of the quantitative criteria. Furthermore, the high-precision theodolite is used to measure the laser spot using a parabolic mirror, enabling quantitative data management and improving the stability of mass production of lasers.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of laser sensor output beam based on theodolite, comprising: laser under test 10, standard block 4, small standard plane mirror 5, parabolic reflector 6, second optical platform 2, laser photosensitive target paper 9, laser target paper holder 8, high-precision theodolite 7, first optical platform 1, level 3, and third optical platform.

[0009] The third optical platform is arranged in front of the first optical platform 1. The parabolic mirror 6 is arranged on the third optical platform. The second optical platform 2, the laser target paper holder 8, and the high-precision theodolite 7 are arranged on the first optical platform 1. The level 3, the standard cube 4, and the laser under test 10 are arranged on the second optical platform 2. The level 3 is used to adjust the second optical platform 2 to be horizontal. The parabolic mirror 6 is located on the light-emitting side in front of the laser under test 10. The laser photosensitive target paper 9 is fixed on the laser target paper holder 8. The relative positions of the parabolic mirror 6, the laser under test 10, and the laser target paper holder 8 are adjusted so that the laser beam emitted by the laser under test 10 is converged by the parabolic mirror 6 onto the laser photosensitive target paper 9 at the focal plane position. The small standard plane mirror 5 is successively attached to the side of the standard cube 4 and the reference base surface of the laser under test 10. The high-precision theodolite 7 observes the self-collimated image through the small standard plane mirror 5.

[0010] The high-precision theodolite 7 has a measurement accuracy of less than 2″.

[0011] The parallelism of the upper and lower surfaces of the small standard plane mirror 5 is less than 5″.

[0012] The perpendicularity of each face of the standard cube 4 is less than 5″, the flatness is less than 0.008 mm, and the roughness is less than 1.6 micrometers.

[0013] The flatness of the bearing surface of the second optical platform 2 is less than 0.008 mm, and its tilt can be manually adjusted in two degrees of freedom to achieve the purpose of leveling the small optical optics 2.

[0014] Based on the above-mentioned quantitative measurement system, the present invention also provides a method for quantitatively measuring the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite, the process of which is as follows:

[0015] (1) Place the standard block 4 on the second optical platform 2, with the small standard plane mirror 5 close to the side of the standard block 4. Adjust the attitude of the high-precision theodolite 7 and the standard block 4 so that the high-precision theodolite 7 can observe the autocollimated image through the small standard plane mirror 5. Make a small adjustment to the high-precision theodolite 7 so that the autocollimated image is located at the upper and lower center of the graduation of the high-precision theodolite 7, and record the pitch data 1 of the high-precision theodolite 7 at this time.

[0016] (2) The small standard plane mirror 5 is placed close to the reference base surface of the laser under test 10. The attitude of the high-precision theodolite 7 and the laser under test 10 is adjusted so that the high-precision theodolite 7 can observe the autocollimated image through the small standard plane mirror 5. The high-precision theodolite 7 is adjusted so that the autocollimated image is located at the upper and lower center of the graduation of the high-precision theodolite 7, and the elevation data 2 of the high-precision theodolite 7 is recorded at this time.

[0017] (3) The laser beam emitted from the laser under test 10 is reflected by the parabolic mirror 6 and converges onto the laser photosensitive target paper 9 to form a focused spot. The direction of the high-precision theodolite 7 is adjusted so that the high-precision theodolite 7 can image the focused laser spot through the parabolic mirror 6. At the same time, the autocollimated image can be observed through the small standard plane mirror 5. The high-precision theodolite 7 is adjusted so that the autocollimated image is located at the upper and lower center and the left and right center of the division of the high-precision theodolite 7, and the azimuth data 1 of the high-precision theodolite 7 at this time is recorded.

[0018] (4) Fine-tune the high-precision theodolite 7 so that the reticle center and the center of the focused spot on the laser photosensitive target paper 9 coincide, and obtain the azimuth data 3 and elevation data 3 of the focused spot image in the high-precision theodolite 7.

[0019] (5) Subtract the azimuth data 1, elevation data 1 and the corresponding azimuth data 3 and elevation data 3 to obtain the quantitative deviation of the beam direction of the laser under test 10 relative to its mounting base and reference base; subtract the elevation data 2 and elevation data 1 to obtain the perpendicularity data 1 between the reference base and the mounting base of the laser under test 10, which is used to calibrate the processing error of the laser under test 10 and obtain the mounting base of the laser under test 10 as the contact surface between the bottom of the laser under test 10 and the second optical platform 2.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0021] The above-mentioned technical solution provides a quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of laser sensor output beams based on a theodolite. This system belongs to the category of quantitative measurement of the pointing of laser output beams and has the following advantages:

[0022] 1) Use a level to align the laser to be measured and the precision theodolite to a horizontal plane, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of the measurement.

[0023] 2) By using a standard cube and a small standard plane mirror, the reference plane of the laser is transformed to achieve the calibration of the reference plane, which meets the needs of quantitative measurement of various structural forms, improves the operability of the measurement and the reliability of the quantitative criteria.

[0024] 3) By using a high-precision theodolite to image the laser spot through a parabolic mirror, quantitative calibration of the laser beam emitted by the laser under test can be achieved, enabling data quantitative management and improving the stability of mass production of lasers. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the composition of the laser sensor output beam pointing accuracy quantitative measurement system based on theodolite of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This invention provides the second optical platform and a high-precision theodolite calibration scheme for the quantitative measurement system of the laser sensor output beam pointing accuracy based on a theodolite.

[0027] Figure 3 This invention provides a measurement scheme for calibrating the reference datum surface of the laser under test in a quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of the emitted beam of a laser sensor based on a theodolite.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the laser sensor beam pointing accuracy measurement system based on a theodolite of the present invention.

[0029] Among them: 1-Optical platform, 2-Second optical platform, 3-Level instrument, 4-Standard square, 5-Small standard plane mirror, 6-Parabolic reflector, 7-High-precision theodolite, 8-Laser target paper holder, 9-Laser photosensitive target paper, 10-Laser to be tested. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the composition of the quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of the laser sensor emitted by the theodolite based on the present invention. Referring to the diagram, the quantitative measurement system includes: a laser under test 10, a standard block 4, a small standard plane mirror 5, a parabolic reflector 6, a second optical platform 2, a laser photosensitive target paper 9, a laser target paper holder 8, a high-precision theodolite 7, a first optical platform 1, a level 3, and a third optical platform.

[0032] The third optical platform is arranged in front of the first optical platform 1. The parabolic mirror 6 is arranged on the third optical platform. The second optical platform 2, the laser target paper holder 8, and the high-precision theodolite 7 are arranged on the first optical platform 1. The level 3, the standard cube 4, and the laser under test 10 are arranged on the second optical platform 2. The level 3 is used to adjust the second optical platform 2 to be horizontal. The parabolic mirror 6 is located on the light-emitting side in front of the laser under test 10. The laser photosensitive target paper 9 is fixed on the laser target paper holder 8. The relative positions of the parabolic mirror 6, the laser under test 10, and the laser target paper holder 8 are adjusted so that the laser beam emitted by the laser under test 10 is converged by the parabolic mirror 6 onto the laser photosensitive target paper 9 at the focal plane position. The small standard plane mirror 5 is successively attached to the side of the standard cube 4 and the reference base surface of the laser under test 10. The high-precision theodolite 7 observes the self-collimated image through the small standard plane mirror 5.

[0033] like Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the calibration scheme for the second optical platform 2 and the high-precision theodolite 7 in the quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite, based on the present invention. The second optical platform 2 and the high-precision theodolite 7 are placed on the first optical platform 1. Using the readings of the level 3 in two orthogonal directions on the horizontal plane, the base of the second optical platform 2 is adjusted to achieve a horizontal state. The base of the high-precision theodolite 7 is also adjusted to achieve a horizontal state. A standard cube 4 is placed firmly against the leveled second optical platform 2, and a small standard plane mirror 5 is tightly attached to the surface of the standard cube 4 perpendicular to the platform surface of the second optical platform 2. The high-precision theodolite 7 is then adjusted... The lens of the theodolite 7 is aligned with the horizontal direction. At the same time, the standard square 4 and the high-precision theodolite 7 are rotated in the horizontal plane until a self-collimating "cross" image appears in the high-precision theodolite 7. Then, by fine-tuning the elevation angle of the high-precision theodolite 7 through the slight difference in the horizontal direction between the self-collimating "cross" image and the reticle "cross", the self-collimating "cross" image is located at the upper and lower centers of the reticle of the high-precision theodolite 7, so as to achieve the purpose of unifying the calibration of the second optical platform 2 and the high-precision theodolite 7, and the elevation data 1 of the high-precision theodolite 7 at this time is recorded.

[0034] Figure 3This invention provides a calibration measurement scheme for the reference base surface of the laser under test (10) in a quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite. A small standard plane mirror 5 is tightly attached to the reference base surface of the laser under test (10). The laser under test (10) is then tightly attached to the second, leveled optical platform 2, with the mounting base as the reference. Simultaneously, the laser under test (10) and the high-precision theodolite 7 are rotated in the horizontal plane until a self-collimated "crosshair" image from the small standard plane mirror 5 appears in the high-precision theodolite 7. Further, by finely adjusting the elevation angle of the high-precision theodolite 7 based on the slight difference in the horizontal direction between the self-collimated "crosshair" image and the reticle "crosshair," the self-collimated "crosshair" image is positioned at the upper and lower centers of the reticle of the high-precision theodolite 7. The elevation data 2 of the high-precision theodolite 7 at this point is recorded.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the quantitative measurement scheme for the pointing accuracy of the laser sensor emitted by the theodolite based on the present invention. The pointing of the laser under test 10 and the high-precision theodolite 7 is adjusted so that the laser emitted by the laser under test 10 is converged by the parabolic reflector 6 onto the laser photosensitive target paper 9 fixed by the laser target paper holder 8 (the laser target paper holder 8 is located at the focal position of the parabolic reflector 6), forming a laser convergence spot. Simultaneously, the laser convergence spot on the laser photosensitive target paper 9 can be clearly seen by the reflection of the high-precision theodolite 7 through the parabolic reflector 6. Furthermore, a self-collimating optical path can be formed between the small standard plane mirror 5 attached to the reference base surface of the laser under test 10 and the high-precision theodolite 7. By finely adjusting the elevation and azimuth angles of the high-precision theodolite 7 based on the slight difference in the horizontal direction between the self-collimated "crosshair" image and the reticle "crosshair," the self-collimated "crosshair" image is positioned at the center of the reticle of the high-precision theodolite 7, and the azimuth data 1 of the high-precision theodolite 7 at this time is recorded.

[0036] Fine-tune the high-precision theodolite 7 so that the reticle center coincides with the center of the focused spot on the laser target paper, and obtain the azimuth data 3 and elevation data 3 of the focused spot image in the high-precision theodolite 7.

[0037] By subtracting azimuth data 1 and azimuth data 3, and by subtracting elevation data 1 and elevation data 3, the quantitative deviations of the laser beam direction emitted by the laser under test 10 relative to its mounting base and reference base are obtained. By subtracting elevation data 2 and elevation data 1, the quantitative deviation between the reference base and the mounting base of the laser under test 10 is obtained, which is the perpendicularity data 1, and can be used to calibrate the system's machining errors.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite, characterized in that, include: Laser under test (10), standard cube (4), small standard plane mirror (5), parabolic reflector (6), second optical platform (2), laser photosensitive target paper (9), laser target paper holder (8), high-precision theodolite (7), first optical platform (1), level (3), third optical platform; The third optical platform is arranged in front of the first optical platform (1), the parabolic reflector (6) is arranged on the third optical platform, the second optical platform (2), the laser target paper holder (8) and the high-precision theodolite (7) are arranged on the first optical platform (1), and the level (3), the standard block (4) and the laser to be tested (10) are arranged on the second optical platform (2); the level (3) is used to adjust the second optical platform (2) to be level, and the parabolic reflector (6) is located on the light-emitting side in front of the laser to be tested (10); the laser target paper The laser photosensitive target paper (9) is fixed on the frame (8). The relative positions of the parabolic reflector (6), the laser under test (10), and the laser target paper frame (8) are adjusted so that the laser beam emitted by the laser under test (10) is focused onto the laser photosensitive target paper (9) at the focal plane position through the parabolic reflector (6). The small standard plane mirror (5) is successively attached to the side of the standard block (4) and the reference base plane behind the laser under test (10). The high-precision theodolite (7) observes the self-collimated image through the small standard plane mirror (5).

2. The quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The measurement accuracy of the high-precision theodolite (7) is less than 2″.

3. The quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The parallelism of the upper and lower surfaces of the small standard plane mirror (5) is less than 5″.

4. The quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The perpendicularity of each face of the standard cube (4) is less than 5″, the flatness is less than 0.008 mm, and the roughness is less than 1.6 micrometers.

5. The quantitative measurement system for the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The flatness of the bearing surface of the second optical platform (2) is less than 0.008 mm, and the tilt can be manually adjusted.

6. A method for quantitatively measuring the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite, characterized in that, The measurement is performed using the quantitative measurement system described in any one of claims 1-5, and the measurement process includes: S1: Place the standard cube (4) on the second optical platform (2), and place the small standard plane mirror (5) close to the side of the back of the standard cube (4). Adjust the attitude of the high-precision theodolite (7) and the standard cube (4) so ​​that the high-precision theodolite (7) observes the autocollimated image through the small standard plane mirror (5). Make a small adjustment to the high-precision theodolite (7) so that the autocollimated image is located at the upper and lower center of the graduation of the high-precision theodolite (7), and record the pitch data 1 of the high-precision theodolite (7) at this time. S2: The small standard plane mirror (5) is placed close to the reference base of the laser under test (10). The attitude of the high-precision theodolite (7) and the laser under test (10) is adjusted so that the high-precision theodolite (7) observes the autocollimated image through the small standard plane mirror (5). The high-precision theodolite (7) is adjusted so that the autocollimated image is located at the upper and lower center of the graduation of the high-precision theodolite (7), and the elevation data 2 of the high-precision theodolite (7) is recorded at this time. S3: The laser beam emitted by the laser under test (10) is reflected by the parabolic mirror (6) and converges onto the laser photosensitive target paper (9) to form a focused spot. Adjust the direction of the high-precision theodolite (7) so that the high-precision theodolite (7) can image the focused laser spot through the parabolic mirror (6) and observe the autocollimated image through the small standard plane mirror (5). Adjust the high-precision theodolite (7) so that the autocollimated image is located at the upper and lower center and the left and right center of the high-precision theodolite (7) division, and record the azimuth data 1 of the high-precision theodolite (7) at this time. S4: Fine-tune the high-precision theodolite (7) so that the reticle center and the center of the focused spot on the laser photosensitive target paper (9) coincide, and obtain the azimuth data 3 and elevation data 3 of the focused spot image in the high-precision theodolite (7); S5: Subtract the azimuth data 1, elevation data 1 and the corresponding azimuth data 3 and elevation data 3 to obtain the quantitative deviation of the beam direction of the laser under test (10) relative to its mounting base and reference base; subtract the elevation data 2 and elevation data 1 to obtain the perpendicularity data 1 between the reference base and the mounting base of the laser under test (10), which is used to calibrate the processing error of the laser under test (10).

7. The method for quantitatively measuring the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In S1, before the standard block (4) is placed on the second optical platform (2), the level (3) is placed on the second optical platform (2). The base of the second optical platform (2) is adjusted by the readings of the level (3) in two orthogonal directions on the horizontal plane, so that the second optical platform (2) reaches a horizontal state; the horizontal state of the high-precision theodolite (7) on the first optical platform (1) is determined by the level (3).

8. The method for quantitatively measuring the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In S1, adjust the lens of the high-precision theodolite (7) to the horizontal direction, and at the same time adjust the rotation attitude of the standard square (4) and the high-precision theodolite (7) in the horizontal plane until the autocollimated "cross" image appears in the high-precision theodolite (7). Further adjust the elevation angle of the high-precision theodolite (7) by the difference between the autocollimated "cross" image and the reticle "cross" in the horizontal direction, so that the autocollimated "cross" image is located at the upper and lower center of the reticle of the high-precision theodolite (7), and record the elevation data 1 of the high-precision theodolite (7) at this time.

9. The method for quantitatively measuring the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In S2, the laser to be tested (10) and the high-precision theodolite (7) are rotated in the horizontal plane until the self-collimated "cross" image presented by the small standard plane mirror (5) appears in the high-precision theodolite (7). Further, by adjusting the difference between the self-collimated "cross" image and the horizontal direction of the reticle "cross", the elevation angle of the high-precision theodolite (7) is finely adjusted so that the self-collimated "cross" image is located at the upper and lower center of the reticle of the high-precision theodolite (7). The elevation data 2 of the high-precision theodolite (7) at this time is recorded.

10. The method for quantitatively measuring the pointing accuracy of a laser sensor emitted from a theodolite as described in claim 9, characterized in that, In S3, the small standard plane mirror (5) attached to the reference base surface of the laser under test (10) and the high-precision theodolite (7) form a self-collimating optical path. By adjusting the difference between the self-collimated "cross" image and the horizontal direction of the reticle "cross", the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the high-precision theodolite (7) are finely adjusted so that the self-collimated "cross" image is located at the center of the reticle of the high-precision theodolite (7). The azimuth data 1 of the high-precision theodolite (7) at this time is recorded.

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