Bolt fastening device

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolt tightening device, which solves the problems that the existing tightening equipment and methods have large pre-tightening force deviation, are difficult to meet high-precision tightening requirements, and new improved technologies are difficult to universalize. The key points of its technical solution are that it includes a tightening drive device, a tightening wrench, a tightening sleeve, a tightening monitoring device, and a rotation angle measuring device. The tightening sleeve includes a coaxial inner layer and an outer layer, and the inner layer and the outer layer are arranged to rotate relative to each other. The rotation angle measuring device is installed on the inner ring and the outer ring between the inner layer and the outer layer of the tightening sleeve. The inner ring is fixedly connected to the inner layer, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the outer layer. The tightening drive device is communicatively connected and controlled by the tightening monitoring device. The tightening sleeve is provided with an electrical interface for connecting the rotation angle measuring device and the tightening monitoring device to transmit angle data. The invention has a simple structure and strong adaptability, realizes the transformation of existing tightening equipment, greatly improves the tightening accuracy and bolt pre-tightening force, and reduces the difficulty of engineering construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a bolt fastening technology, and in particular to a bolt fastening device. Background Art

[0002] Bolts are widely used in wind power, nuclear industry, ships and other large-scale mechanical equipment, and are the prerequisite for the normal operation of the equipment. In terms of bolt tightening preload control, my country has long used the relationship between bolt tightening torque and preload as the control indicator, that is, the torque method. The torque method has intuitive tightening parameters, and the tightening equipment requirements are simple and easy to operate in engineering. However, due to the difficulty in avoiding individual differences in bolts and the difficulty in controlling the friction coefficient between the spiral pairs, the accuracy of this method in preload control is poor, and the preload deviation can reach ±25%, which is difficult to meet the needs of key projects for high-precision tightening; in addition, due to the inherent characteristics of the torque method, it is difficult to maximize the tightening capacity of the bolts.

[0003] "Torque + angle" and "yield point" control methods, which have no consistency requirements on the friction coefficient of the spiral pair and can maximize the bolt tightening potential. This type of tightening method has also received a lot of attention in my country in recent years and has been tried in some key projects; based on the test results of M48 high-strength bolt tightening, the yield point control method can increase the preload by more than 40% (relative to the torque method), and the preload deviation is significantly reduced.

[0004] The "torque + angle" and "yield point" control methods require not only the measurement of the tightening torque during the tightening process, but also the measurement of the rotation angle of the nut. Based on this, domestic tightening equipment research and development companies have made relevant attempts. For example, the Chinese invention patent with application number CN201310494201 discloses a bolt tightening system and its implementation method, which is a tightening wrench that can measure the torsion angle and a tightening system implementation method based on the above wrench. Since the above method requires the redesign and manufacture of the tightening wrench, most of the existing tightening wrenches in China cannot implement the above angle-related tightening method, making it difficult to universalize. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bolt fastening device with a simple structure and strong adaptability, which can realize the transformation of existing fastening equipment, greatly improve the fastening accuracy and bolt pre-tightening force, and reduce the difficulty of engineering construction.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A bolt tightening device, comprising: a tightening drive device, a tightening wrench, a tightening sleeve, a tightening monitoring device, and a rotation angle measuring device;

[0008] The tightening sleeve comprises a coaxial inner layer and an outer layer, the tightening wrench is connected to the upper end of the inner layer, and the lower end of the inner layer is sleeved and embedded in a nut for tightening; the outer layer is fixedly connected to the fastener, and the inner layer and the outer layer are arranged to rotate relative to each other;

[0009] The rotation angle measuring device is installed between the inner layer and the outer layer of the fastening sleeve, and comprises an inner ring and an outer ring which are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the inner ring is fixedly connected to the inner layer, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the outer layer;

[0010] The tightening drive device is detachably connected to the tightening wrench, the tightening drive device is communicatively connected and controlled by the tightening monitoring device, and the tightening sleeve is provided with an electrical interface for connecting the rotation angle measuring device and the tightening monitoring device for angle data transmission.

[0011] Preferably, a needle bearing is installed at the upper end of the fastening sleeve between the inner layer and the outer layer along the circumferential direction.

[0012] Preferably, the tightening monitoring device includes a data acquisition module that is communicatively connected to the tightening drive device to collect and obtain the driving pressure, a remote control scanner that scans and obtains the tightening wrench model and tightening engineering data, a touch-screen integrated machine that calculates and measures the tightening torque through the driving pressure and wrench model data and outputs control instructions, and a touch screen for human-computer interaction.

[0013] Preferably, a fixing piece for fixing the outer layer to the fastened piece is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the fastening sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing member is a magnetic body, and a screw for limiting circumferential rotation is fixedly installed between the magnetic body and the outer layer along the axial direction.

[0015] Preferably, a spring for adjusting the size of the sleeve is also installed axially between the magnetic body and the outer layer.

[0016] Preferably, the fixing member is a gasket fixedly mounted on the fastened member, the gasket is provided with latch teeth along the circumferential direction, and the outer layer of the fastening sleeve is provided with a latch slot along the circumferential direction on the inner side wall close to the fastened member and is embedded in the gasket latch teeth to limit circumferential rotation.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The tightening sleeve, the tightening drive device and the tightening monitoring device can monitor the tightening of the tightening wrench at the same time. By setting the inner and outer double layers of the tightening sleeve, the rotation angle measuring device is installed therein, which can measure the rotation angle during the tightening process, and the measurement data can be transmitted to the tightening monitoring device through the electrical interface;

[0019] By setting up the tightening drive device, the tightening torque can be obtained. Through the tightening monitoring device, based on the tightening sleeve, the tightening monitoring device and the tightening drive device, the existing mechanical "torque method" tightening equipment can be transformed to enable it to realize "torque + angle" and "yield point" method tightening, greatly improve the tightening accuracy and bolt preload, reduce the difficulty of engineering construction, and have a simple overall structure and strong adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the device;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fastening sleeve;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the fastening sleeve;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fastening sleeve in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 5 This is the gasket structure diagram in Example 2;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fastening sleeve in Example 2;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fastening sleeve in Example 2 when viewed from above.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Fastening drive device; 2. Fastening wrench; 3. Fastening sleeve; 31. Inner layer; 311. Wrench drive connecting hole; 312. Polygonal inner hole; 313. Groove; 32. Outer layer; 321. Mounting hole; 322. Bayonet; 33. Needle bearing; 34. Fixing piece; 341. Magnetic body; 342. Spring; 343. Gasket; 4. Fastening monitoring device; 41. Remote control scanner; 42. Touch screen all-in-one machine; 43. Network card; 5. Rotation angle measuring device; 51. Outer ring; 52. Inner ring; 53. Electrical interface; 6. Nut; 7. Fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] According to one or more embodiments, a bolt fastening device is disclosed, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a tightening drive device 1, a tightening wrench 2, a tightening sleeve 3, and a tightening monitoring device 4. The tightening wrench 2 is connected to the tightening drive device 1 and is controlled by the tightening drive device 1; the tightening sleeve 3 is used to connect the fastened piece 7 and the tightening wrench 2 to achieve the tightening operation of the fastened piece 7. The tightening monitoring device 4 monitors the tightening process in real time.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the tightening sleeve 3 is an inner and outer double-layer structure, including a coaxial inner layer 31 and an outer layer 32. The driving head of the tightening wrench 2 is detachably mounted on the upper end of the inner layer 31, and the nut 6 for tightening is embedded in the lower end of the inner layer 31. The tightening wrench 2 and the nut 6 are linked by the inner layer 31, and the rotation of the tightening wrench 2 synchronously drives the nut 6 to tighten through the inner layer 31. The outer layer 32 of the tightening sleeve 3 is relatively rotatable with the inner layer 31. The outer layer 32 is installed with the fastened piece 7 and remains relatively still with the fastened piece 7.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper end of the inner layer 31 is a concave polygonal wrench drive connection hole 311, which is detachably connected to the square drive wrench; the upper end of the inner layer 31 can also be designed as a polygonal convex connection shaft to adapt to the hollow tightening wrench 2. The lower end of the inner layer 31 is a polygonal inner hole 312 in contact with the nut 6, which can be a regular hexagonal structure and assembled on the nut 6 to drive the nut 6 to rotate.

[0032] An installation gap is set between the inner layer 31 and the outer layer 32 of the fastening sleeve 3, and a needle bearing 33 is installed along the circumferential direction at the upper end of the fastening sleeve 3 between the inner layer 31 and the outer layer 32 to space and roll the inner layer 31 and the outer layer 32. The outer layer 32 and the inner layer 31 of the fastening sleeve 3 can rotate freely along the central axis to achieve smooth relative rotation.

[0033] A rotation angle measuring device 5 for measuring the rotation angle of the tightening operation is installed in the installation gap. The rotation angle measuring device 5 includes an inner ring 52 fixedly installed on the inner layer 31 and an outer ring 51 fixedly installed on the outer layer 32. The inner ring 52 and the outer ring 51 are opposite to each other, and the relative rotation angle between the two is measured in real time, so as to measure the relative rotation angle of the inner layer 31 and the outer layer 32 of the tightening sleeve 3, and then complete the measurement of the tightening rotation angle. An electrical interface 53 connected to the rotation angle measuring device 5 is also provided on the outer side wall of the tightening sleeve 3, and the collected rotation angle data can be communicated and transmitted to the tightening monitoring device 4 through the electrical interface 53.

[0034] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of mounting holes 321 are connected and opened on the side wall of the outer layer 32, and the needle roller bearing 33 and the rotation angle measuring device 5 can be fixedly installed by screws, and a plurality of grooves 313 are arranged on the side wall of the inner layer 31 for further clamping, limiting and fixing the needle roller bearing 33 and the rotation angle measuring device 5. The rotation angle measuring device 5 is installed in the middle of the upper end of the fastening sleeve 3, and a plurality of groups of needle roller bearings 33 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the upper and lower sides of the rotation angle measuring device 5.

[0035] A fixing piece 34 is provided at the lower end of the outer layer 32 for fixing the fixing piece 7 .

[0036] In one example, the fixing member 34 is fixed to the upper surface of the fastened member 7. Figure 4 As shown, the fixing member 34 is a magnetic body 341 fixed to the outer layer 32 by screws, and a mounting groove and a threaded hole connected to the outer layer 32 are formed in the axial depression of the magnetic body 341 relative to the outer layer 32, and a screw is arranged therein to fix the magnetic body 341 and the outer layer 32 along the axial direction, and a plurality of screws are arranged circumferentially for connection to ensure the circumferential relative static connection between the outer layer 32 and the magnetic body 341. A spring 342 is installed between the contact surface of the outer layer 32 and the magnetic body 341 along the axial direction, and the depth size of the outer layer 32 can be adjusted by the fastening connection of the spring 342 and the screw, so that the fastening sleeve 3 can adapt to different nut 6 thicknesses and fastener 7 surfaces.

[0037] In a second example, the difference from the first example is that, Figure 5 As shown, the fixing member 34 includes a gasket 343 fixedly sleeved on the fastened member 7, and the gasket 343 is provided with latch teeth along the circumferential direction. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the inner side wall of the outer layer 32 of the fastening sleeve 3 close to the fastened piece 7 is circumferentially provided with a slot 322 which is engaged with the teeth of the gasket 343. The engagement between the slot 322 and the teeth limits the circumferential rotation of the outer layer 32 relative to the fastened piece 7.

[0038] The tightening wrench 2 is a hydraulically driven wrench or a pneumatically driven wrench, and the tightening drive device 1 is a hydraulically driven or pneumatically driven wrench corresponding to the tightening wrench 2, providing pressure to drive the tightening wrench 2 to rotate through the hydraulic / pneumatic pipeline. The tightening drive device 1 is communicated with the tightening monitoring device 4 and transmits the real-time driving pressure to the tightening monitoring device 4.

[0039] The tightening monitoring device 4 includes a data acquisition module, a remote control scanner 41, and a touch-control integrated machine 42. The data acquisition module is communicatively connected to the tightening drive device 1 and the rotation angle measuring device 5 connected through the electrical interface 53, and collects real-time driving pressure data and real-time measured rotation angle data. The data acquisition module is communicatively connected to the touch-control integrated machine 42. The remote control scanner 41 scans and obtains the wrench model data, and at the same time scans and obtains the tightening engineering data to realize the scanning input of the tightening parameters. The touch-control integrated machine 42 can select an industrial control integrated machine or a configuration HMI of the X86 platform or ARM platform. The integrated machine receives the driving pressure data, the rotation angle data, and the wrench model data, calculates and obtains the tightening torque by combining the collected driving pressure data with the obtained wrench model data, and the integrated machine outputs a control instruction to the tightening drive device 1, which can be controlled by the solenoid valve control device to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve of the tightening drive device 1 and control the tightening process. The touch-control integrated machine 42 includes a touch screen, which can be used for human-computer interaction, and realizes the input of tightening parameters and the monitoring of the tightening process. The tightening monitoring device 4 can be electrically connected to the tightening driving device 1 and the rotation angle measuring device 5 via cables or wireless communication. The tightening monitoring device 4 is also connected to a wireless network card 43 via a network port or a USB interface, which can realize cloud storage of recorded data and alarms of the tightening project.

[0040] By designing the tightening sleeve 3 connecting the tightening spanner 2 and the tightening nut 6, the sleeve is set to a relatively rotatable inner and outer double-layer structure, and the inner layer 31 is connected to the driving head of the tightening spanner 2 and the nut 6 to achieve the driving force applied to the nut 6, and the outer layer 32 is fixedly connected to the fastened piece 7 as a measurement reference for the rotation angle of the inner layer 31. After the rotation angle measuring device 5 set between the inner and outer layers 32 performs measurement, the rotation angle data is transmitted to the tightening monitoring device 4 in real time through the external communication interface. After the above equipment is complete and connected normally, the transformation of ordinary tightening equipment can be realized, so that it can realize the bolt tightening of the "torque + angle" and "yield point" method, so as to greatly improve the tightening accuracy and bolt preload, and reduce the difficulty of engineering construction. The device has a simple structure and strong adaptability.

[0041] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A bolt tightening device, characterized in that it comprises: a tightening drive device (1), a tightening wrench (2), a tightening sleeve (3), a tightening monitoring device (4), and a rotation angle measuring device (5); The tightening sleeve (3) comprises a coaxial inner layer (31) and an outer layer (32); the tightening wrench (2) is connected to the upper end of the inner layer (31); the lower end of the inner layer (31) is sleeved and embedded in a nut (6) for tightening; the outer layer (32) is fixedly connected to the fastener (7); the inner layer (31) and the outer layer (32) are arranged to rotate relative to each other; The rotation angle measuring device (5) is installed between the inner layer (31) and the outer layer (32) of the fastening sleeve (3), and comprises an inner ring (52) and an outer ring (51) arranged opposite to each other, the inner ring (52) is fixedly connected to the inner layer (31), and the outer ring (51) is fixedly connected to the outer layer (32); The tightening drive device (1) is detachably connected to the tightening wrench (2), the tightening drive device (1) is communicatively connected to and controlled by the tightening monitoring device (4), and the tightening sleeve (3) is provided with an electrical interface (53) for connecting the rotation angle measuring device (5) and the tightening monitoring device (4) to perform angle data transmission; A fixing member (34) is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the fastening sleeve (3) for fixing the outer layer (32) and the fastened member (7); The fixing member (34) is a magnetic body (341), and a screw for limiting circumferential rotation is fixedly installed between the magnetic body (341) and the outer layer (32) along the axial direction; A spring (342) for adjusting the size of the sleeve is also installed axially between the magnetic body (341) and the outer layer (32).

2. The bolt fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A needle bearing (33) is installed at the upper end of the fastening sleeve (3) between the inner layer (31) and the outer layer (32) along the circumferential direction.

3. The bolt fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening monitoring device (4) comprises a data acquisition module that is communicatively connected to the tightening driving device (1) to acquire the driving pressure, a remote control scanner (41) that scans and acquires the model of the tightening wrench (2) and tightening engineering data, a touch-control integrated machine (42) that calculates and measures the tightening torque based on the driving pressure and the wrench model data and outputs control instructions, and a touch screen for human-computer interaction.

4. The bolt fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing member (34) is a gasket (343) fixedly sleeved on the fastened member (7), the gasket (343) being provided with latch teeth along the circumferential direction, and the outer layer (32) of the fastening sleeve (3) is provided with a latching slot (322) along the circumferential direction on the inner side wall close to the fastened member (7) and being engaged with the latch teeth of the gasket (343) to limit circumferential rotation.

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